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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydrostatic models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hasegawa, Tatsuhiko. "Hydrostatic models of Bok globules." Astrophysics and Space Science 119, no. 1 (1986): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00648835.

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2

Hasegawa, Tatsuhiko I. "Hydrostatic Models of Bok Globules." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 40, no. 2 (1988): 219–47. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/40.2.219.

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Abstract We have constructed spherical, hydrostatic models of isolated Bok globules assuming that the globules are supported by thermal and turbulent pressures. In these models the density, the gas temperature, and the molecular abundances are determined by solving simultaneously the equations of dynamical, thermal, and chemical equilibria. We present model clouds and compare the column densities of many molecular species expected from these models with those from observations of the globules L134 and L183. Though good agreement is attainable in the molecular column densities and in gas temper

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3

White, A. A., B. J. Hoskins, I. Roulstone, and A. Staniforth. "Consistent approximate models of the global atmosphere: shallow, deep, hydrostatic, quasi-hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 131, no. 609 (2005): 2081–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1256/qj.04.49.

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4

Gibbon, J. D., and D. D. Holm. "Extreme events in solutions of hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic climate models." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1939 (2011): 1156–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0244.

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Initially, this paper reviews the mathematical issues surrounding hydrostatic primitive equations (HPEs) and non-hydrostatic primitive equations (NPEs) that have been used extensively in numerical weather prediction and climate modelling. A new impetus has been provided by a recent proof of the existence and uniqueness of solutions of viscous HPEs on a cylinder with Neumann-like boundary conditions on the top and bottom. In contrast, the regularity of solutions of NPEs remains an open question. With this HPE regularity result in mind, the second issue examined in this paper is whether extreme

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5

Deupree, Robert G. "Multidimensional Hydrodynamic and Hydrostatic Stellar Models." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 215 (2004): 378–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900195919.

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Results for multidimensional stellar model simulations of both 2D and 3D hydrodynamic models and 2D stellar evolution sequences are presented. Simulations of the highly superadiabatic region of the solar convective region provide a good example of the current status and limitations of explicit 3D finite difference methods in stellar problems. Such simulations cannot be used for stellar cores, where the motion is expected to be well subsonic. The results of some 2D fully implcit hydrodynamic simulations of convective cores and shells are given for models with and without rotation, and their eff

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6

Calvo, Lucas, Diana De Padova, and Michele Mossa. "Non-Hydrostatic Galerkin Model with Weighted Average Pressure Profile." Computation 13, no. 3 (2025): 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13030073.

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This work develops a novel two-dimensional, depth-integrated, non-hydrostatic model for wave propagation simulation using a weighted average non-hydrostatic pressure profile. The model is constructed by modifying an existing non-hydrostatic discontinuous/continuous Galerkin finite-element model with a linear, vertical, non-hydrostatic pressure profile. Using a weighted average linear/quadratic non-hydrostatic pressure profile has been shown to increase the performance of earlier models. The results suggest that implementing a weighted average non-hydrostatic pressure profile, in conjunction wi

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7

Guerra, Jorge E., and Paul A. Ullrich. "A high-order staggered finite-element vertical discretization for non-hydrostatic atmospheric models." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 5 (2016): 2007–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2007-2016.

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Abstract. Atmospheric modeling systems require economical methods to solve the non-hydrostatic Euler equations. Two major differences between hydrostatic models and a full non-hydrostatic description lies in the vertical velocity tendency and numerical stiffness associated with sound waves. In this work we introduce a new arbitrary-order vertical discretization entitled the staggered nodal finite-element method (SNFEM). Our method uses a generalized discrete derivative that consistently combines the discontinuous Galerkin and spectral element methods on a staggered grid. Our combined method le

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8

Duffy, Dean G. "Hydrostatic Adjustment in Nonhydrostatic, Compressible Mesoscale Models." Monthly Weather Review 125, no. 12 (1997): 3357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<3357:haincm>2.0.co;2.

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9

Ascasibar, Y., A. C. Obreja, and A. I. Díaz. "Hydrostatic photoionization models of the Orion Bar." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 416, no. 2 (2011): 1546–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19151.x.

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10

Zingale, M., L. J. Dursi, J. ZuHone, et al. "Mapping Initial Hydrostatic Models in Godunov Codes." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 143, no. 2 (2002): 539–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/342754.

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11

Kållberg, P., and A. Montani. "A case study carried out with two different NWP systems." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 6, no. 5 (2006): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-755-2006.

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Abstract. A model intercomparison between two atmospheric models, the non–hydrostatic Lokal Modell (LM) and the hydrostatic HIgh Resolution Limited Area Model (HIRLAM) is carried out for a one-week period, including a case of cyclogeneis leading to heavy precipitation over Northern Italy. The two models, very different in terms of data-assimilation and numerics, provide different results in terms of forecasts of surface fields. Opposite diurnal biases for the two models are found in terms of screen level temperatures. HIRLAM wind speed forecasts are too strong, while LM precipitation forecasts

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12

Savoulides, N., K. S. Breuer, S. Jacobson, and F. F. Ehrich. "Low-Order Models for Very Short Hybrid Gas Bearings." Journal of Tribology 123, no. 2 (2000): 368–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1308000.

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A low-order model was created to analyze a small-scale gas bearing with a diameter of 4.1 mm, designed to spin at 2.4 million rpm. Due to microfabrication constraints, the bearing lies outside the standard operating space and stable operation is a challenge. The model is constructed by reference to Newton’s second law for the rotor and employs stiffness and damping coefficients predicted by other models. At any operating point it is able to predict (1) whether the journal can sustain stable operation, and (2) the whirling frequency of the journal. Analysis shows that the best way to operate th

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13

Jourdon, Anthony, and Dave A. May. "An efficient partial-differential-equation-based method to compute pressure boundary conditions in regional geodynamic models." Solid Earth 13, no. 6 (2022): 1107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1107-2022.

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Abstract. Modelling the pressure in the Earth's interior is a common problem in Earth sciences. In this study we propose a method based on the conservation of the momentum of a fluid by using a hydrostatic scenario or a uniformly moving fluid to approximate the pressure. This results in a partial differential equation (PDE) that can be solved using classical numerical methods. In hydrostatic cases, the computed pressure is the lithostatic pressure. In non-hydrostatic cases, we show that this PDE-based approach better approximates the total pressure than the classical 1D depth-integrated approa

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14

Xu, Xiao Qiu, Jun Peng Shao, Xiao Dong Yang, Yan Qin Zhang, Xiao Dong Yu, and Bing Wei Gao. "Simulation on Multi-Oil-Cavity and Multi-Oil-Pad Hydrostatic Bearings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 274 (January 2013): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.274.274.

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Taking multi-oil-cavity and multi-oil-pad hydrostatic bearings as studied projects, firstly make brief instructions for structure characteristics and working principal of hydraulic system; Then, build three-dimensional models of multi-oil-cavity and multi-oil-pad hydrostatic bearings respectively. Adopting finite volume method, oil film mesh is generated by universal finite analysis software CFD; then, carry on numerical simulations for pressure distribution and temperature distribution of the two studied hydrostatic thrust bearing under various viscosity, and make comparative analysis for dif

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15

Seroussi, H., M. Morlighem, E. Larour, E. Rignot, and A. Khazendar. "Hydrostatic grounding line parameterization in ice sheet models." Cryosphere 8, no. 6 (2014): 2075–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2075-2014.

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Abstract. Modeling of grounding line migration is essential to accurately simulate the behavior of marine ice sheets and investigate their stability. Here, we assess the sensitivity of numerical models to the parameterization of the grounding line position. We run the MISMIP3D benchmark experiments using the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM) and a two-dimensional shelfy-stream approximation (SSA) model with different mesh resolutions and different sub-element parameterizations of grounding line position. Results show that different grounding line parameterizations lead to different steady state gr

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16

Seroussi, H., M. Morlighem, E. Larour, E. Rignot, and A. Khazendar. "Hydrostatic grounding line parameterization in ice sheet models." Cryosphere Discussions 8, no. 3 (2014): 3335–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-8-3335-2014.

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Abstract. Modeling of grounding line migration is essential to simulate accurately the behavior of marine ice sheets and investigate their stability. Here, we assess the sensitivity of numerical models to the parameterization of the grounding line position. We run the MISMIP3D benchmark experiments using a two-dimensional shelfy-stream approximation (SSA) model with different mesh resolutions and different sub-element parameterizations of grounding line position. Results show that different grounding line parameterizations lead to different steady state grounding line positions as well as diff

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17

van Putten, T., A. L. Watts, C. R. D'Angelo, M. G. Baring, and C. Kouveliotou. "Models of hydrostatic magnetar atmospheres at high luminosities." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 434, no. 2 (2013): 1398–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1093.

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18

Keilegavlen, Eirik, та Jarle Berntsen. "Non-hydrostatic pressure in σ-coordinate ocean models". Ocean Modelling 28, № 4 (2009): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2009.02.006.

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19

Carroll, John J., Luis R-Mendez-Nu�ez, and Saffet Tanrikulu. "Accurate pressure gradient calculations in hydrostatic atmospheric models." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 41, no. 1-4 (1987): 149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00120437.

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20

Rõõm, Rein, Pedro M. A. Miranda, and Alan J. Thorpe. "Filtered non-hydrostatic models in pressure-related coordinates." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 127, no. 574 (2001): 1277–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712757408.

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21

Wedi, Nils P., and Piotr K. Smolarkiewicz. "A framework for testing global non-hydrostatic models." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 135, no. 639 (2009): 469–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.377.

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22

Fernández-Nieto, E. D., J. Garres-Díaz, and P. Vigneaux. "Multilayer models for hydrostatic Herschel-Bulkley viscoplastic flows." Computers & Mathematics with Applications 139 (June 2023): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2023.03.018.

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23

Okahata, Go, Shigeki Okuyama, and Akinori Yui. "Numerical Study on Constant-Flow Hydrostatic Water Bearing for a Machine-Tool Table." Advanced Materials Research 325 (August 2011): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.325.357.

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Precision machine tools using hydrostatic water bearings are superior to those using hydrostatic oil bearings in terms of environmental protection, worker’s safety, and cost. As for hydrostatic water bearings, a constant-flow type is more suitable than a constant-pressure type. However, the hydrostatic water bearings applied for machine tools are few cases, and there are only a few reports concerning the constant-flow bearings. In this study, sustaining force of the constant-flow hydrostatic water bearing pad is computed numerically by using ANSYS FLUENT. Then the solutions evaluated by the si

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24

Jiang, Gui Yun, Yong Qin Wang, and Xin Chun Yan. "Study on Throttle Methods for Hydrostatic Bearing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 2119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.2119.

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In hydrostatic bearing, the applied load is carried through the compensatory effect of restrictors. Different throttle methods will bring different oil film rigidity and carrying capacity. There are mainly four types restrictors such as capillary,orifice,slide valve and film feedback restrictors. The mathematical models of carrying capacity and oil film rigidity of the hydrostatic bearings throttled by the restrictors mentioned above were presented. The oil film rigidity of hydrostatic bearings throttled by different restrictors were analyzed. Reynolds equation was provided and the numerical s

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25

Kuell, Volker, and Andreas Bott. "A hybrid convection scheme for use in non-hydrostatic numerical weather prediction models." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 17, no. 6 (2008): 775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0342.

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26

Jang, Jihyeon, and Song-You Hong. "Comparison of Simulated Precipitation over East Asia in Two Regional Models with Hydrostatic and Nonhydrostatic Dynamical Cores." Monthly Weather Review 144, no. 10 (2016): 3579–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-15-0428.1.

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This study examines the characteristics of a nonhydrostatic dynamical core compared to a corresponding hydrostatic dynamical core in the Regional Model Program (RMP) of the Global/Regional Integrated Model system (GRIMs), a spectral model for regional forecasts, focusing on simulated precipitation over Korea. This kind of comparison is also executed in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) finite-difference model with the same physics package used in the RMP. Overall, it is found that the nonhydrostatic dynamical core experiment accurately reproduces the heavy rainfall near Seoul, South K

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27

Klein, Rupert, and Tommaso Benacchio. "A Doubly Blended Model for Multiscale Atmospheric Dynamics." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 3 (2016): 1179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0323.1.

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Abstract The compressible flow equations for a moist, multicomponent fluid constitute the most comprehensive description of atmospheric dynamics used in meteorological practice. Yet, compressibility effects are often considered weak and acoustic waves outright unimportant in the atmosphere, except possibly for Lamb waves on very large scales. This has led to the development of “soundproof” models, which suppress sound waves entirely and provide good approximations for small-scale to mesoscale motions. Most global flow models are based instead on the hydrostatic primitive equations that only su

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28

Poniatowski, L. G., J. O. Sundqvist, N. D. Kee, et al. "Dynamically inflated wind models of classical Wolf-Rayet stars." Astronomy & Astrophysics 647 (March 2021): A151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039595.

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Context. Vigorous mass loss in the classical Wolf-Rayet (WR) phase is important for the late evolution and final fate of massive stars. Aims. We develop spherically symmetric time-dependent and steady-state hydrodynamical models of the radiation-driven wind outflows and associated mass loss from classical WR stars. Methods. The simulations are based on combining the opacities typically used in static stellar structure and evolution models with a simple parametrised form for the enhanced line opacity expected within a supersonic outflow. Results. Our simulations reveal high mass-loss rates init

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29

Behrens, Bernd Arno, Thomas Hagen, Andreas Klassen, Julian Knigge, Jens Mielke, and Insa Pfeiffer. "Forging of Aluminium Components under a Superimposed Hydrostatic Pressure to Induce Local Strain Hardening." Advanced Materials Research 137 (October 2010): 191–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.137.191.

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A promising approach to handling low ductile aluminium alloys in a forming process is forming under superimposed hydrostatic pressure. The influence of superimposed hydrostatic pressure on the flow stress as well as on the formability for various hydrostatic pressures and temperatures was analysed [15, 3, and 7]. By increasing the formability of the workpiece, larger local plastic strains could be achieved. The results reveal highly increased formability at superimposed pressure of 85 MPa for workpieces from thermosetting alloy AlSi1MgMn (EN AW 6082) in comparison to those from self-hardening

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30

Lu, Huaiqing, and Zhuxin Tian. "Investigation of the Static Performance of Hydrostatic Thrust Bearings Considering Non-Gaussian Surface Topography." Lubricants 11, no. 6 (2023): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11060267.

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The dynamic and static characteristics of hydrostatic thrust bearings are significantly affected by the bearing surface topography. Previous studies on hydrostatic thrust bearings have focused on Gaussian distribution models of bearing surface topography. However, based on actual measurements, the non-Gaussianity of the distribution characteristics of bearing surface topography is clear. To accurately characterize the non-Gaussian distribution of bearing surface topography, the traditional probability density function of Gaussian distribution was modified by introducing Edgeworth expansion. Th

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31

Hammond, Lloyd, and Raphael Grzebieta. "The Requirement for Hydrostatic Initialisation in LS-DYNA/USA Finite Element Models." Shock and Vibration 7, no. 2 (2000): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/972928.

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The LS-DYNA/USA (Underwater Shock Analysis) coupled finite element codes are being investigated as a tool for predicting the local response of compliant plate structures subjected to far-field underwater explosion.It had previously been observed in LS-DYNA/USA models that extraneous pressure build-ups emanating from the DAA (doubly asymptotic approximation) boundaries may occur in the surrounding fluid region of the model, which inevitably lead to erroneous modelling of fluid-structure interaction and inaccurate structural responses. These instabilities typically result in divergence of the so

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32

Shi, Fengyan, Gangfeng Ma, James T. Kirby, and Tian-Jian Tom Hsu. "APPLICATION OF A TVD SOLVER IN A SUITE OF COASTAL ENGINEERING MODELS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.31.

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This paper describes the recent developments in a suite of coastal engineering models using Godunov-type shock-capturing schemes. The developments include a depth-integrated, wave resolving Boussinesq model, a hydrostatic, wave-averaged circulation model, and a fully 3-D non-hydrostatic model in a surface-following $\sigma$ coordinate formulation. The models implemented with the shock-capturing TVD scheme show robust performances in modeling breaking waves, nearshore circulation and coastal inundation. In this paper, we present model equations in a conservative form, MUSCLE-TVD numerical schem

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33

Taqieddin, Ziad N., and George Z. Voyiadjis. "Studying the effect of a hydrostatic stress/strain reduction factor on damage mechanics of concrete materials." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 22, no. 5-6 (2013): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2013-0022.

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AbstractIn the non-linear finite element analysis (NFEA) of concrete materials, continuum damage mechanics (CDM) provides a powerful framework for the derivation of constitutive models capable of describing the mechanical behavior of such materials. The internal state variables of CDM can be introduced to the elastic analysis of concrete to form elastic-damage models (no inelastic strains), or to the elastic-plastic analysis in order to form coupled/uncoupled elastic-plastic-damage models. Experimental evidence that is well documented in literature shows that the susceptibility of concrete to

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34

Ettori, S., V. Ghirardini, D. Eckert, et al. "Hydrostatic mass profiles in X-COP galaxy clusters." Astronomy & Astrophysics 621 (January 2019): A39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833323.

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Aims. We present the reconstruction of hydrostatic mass profiles in 13 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters that have been mapped in their X-ray and Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) signals out to R200 for the XMM-Newton Cluster Outskirts Project (X-COP). Methods. Using profiles of the gas temperature, density, and pressure that have been spatially resolved out to median values of 0.9R500, 1.8R500, and 2.3R500, respectively, we are able to recover the hydrostatic gravitating mass profile with several methods and using different mass models. Results. The hydrostatic masses are recovered with a relative (statis

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35

Cheng, Tao, and Shuyun Jiang. "Investigation of effect of clearance on water-lubricated hydrostatic bearing." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3043, no. 1 (2025): 012128. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3043/1/012128.

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Abstract Water-lubricated hydrostatic bearing is environmentally friendly and of excellent performance. The clearance deeply affects the static and dynamic properties of water-lubricated hydrostatic bearings. The physical and mathematical models of the water-lubricated hydrostatic journals and thrust bearings were established based on which the water-film pressure distribution was calculated. Furthermore, the effect of clearance within the range of 10∼20 μm on the static and dynamic properties of water-lubricated hydrostatic bearings was investigated. Findings revealed that the capacity and st

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36

Bai, Yefei, and Kwok Fai Cheung. "Dispersion and kinematics of multi-layer non-hydrostatic models." Ocean Modelling 92 (August 2015): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.05.005.

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37

Sigut, T. A. A., M. A. McGill, and C. E. Jones. "BE STAR DISK MODELS IN CONSISTENT VERTICAL HYDROSTATIC EQUILIBRIUM." Astrophysical Journal 699, no. 2 (2009): 1973–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/699/2/1973.

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38

Bourchtein, Andrei, Ludmila Bourchtein, and Vladimir Kadychnikov. "Correctness of the vertical discretization in hydrostatic atmospheric models." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 135, no. 638 (2008): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.336.

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39

Lucas, Carine, Madalina Petcu, and Antoine Rousseau. "Quasi-hydrostatic primitive equations for ocean global circulation models." Chinese Annals of Mathematics, Series B 31, no. 6 (2010): 939–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11401-010-0611-6.

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40

Nakano, Masuo, Akiyoshi Wada, Masahiro Sawada, et al. "Global 7 km mesh nonhydrostatic Model Intercomparison Project for improving TYphoon forecast (TYMIP-G7): experimental design and preliminary results." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 3 (2017): 1363–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1363-2017.

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Abstract. Recent advances in high-performance computers facilitate operational numerical weather prediction by global hydrostatic atmospheric models with horizontal resolutions of ∼ 10 km. Given further advances in such computers and the fact that the hydrostatic balance approximation becomes invalid for spatial scales < 10 km, the development of global nonhydrostatic models with high accuracy is urgently required. The Global 7 km mesh nonhydrostatic Model Intercomparison Project for improving TYphoon forecast (TYMIP-G7) is designed to understand and statistically quantify the advantages of

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41

Liu, Lei, Xu Guang Wang, Yi Yang, and Guo Hua Wang. "Experimental Method Study on Emulsion Explosives under Hydrostatic Pressure in Models Blasting." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.569.

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Study on compression resistance of emulsion explosives can provide a theoretical basis for underwater blasting and deep-hole basting and development of emulsion explosives. Environment of deep water charge is simulated by a change of pressure of the micro-explosive device .The micro-explosive device was put in the reserved drill hole of mortar test block and applied rating pressure to explode, through fractal theory G-G-S lumpiness distribution function, which was used to date processing to study the fallen extent of explosion capability of emulsion explosives under hydrostatic pressure. The p

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42

Hu, Jiang, and Suhua Wu. "Statistical modeling for deformation analysis of concrete arch dams with influential horizontal cracks." Structural Health Monitoring 18, no. 2 (2018): 546–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921718760309.

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Several concrete dams all over the world exhibit severe cracks. It is very important to investigate the influence of cracks on the long-term behavior of dam structures to ensure safe operation. The interpretation of measured dam displacements is usually based on statistical hydrostatic-seasonal-time and hydrostatic-thermal-time models. The main purpose of this article is to present a statistical hydrostatic-thermal-crack-time model to interpret displacements of concrete arch dams with influential horizontal cracks. The hydrostatic-thermal-crack-time model is applied to analyze the Chencun dam,

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43

Gao, Junyuan, Xiurong Sun, Leon C. Moore, Thomas W. White, Peter R. Brink, and Richard T. Mathias. "Lens intracellular hydrostatic pressure is generated by the circulation of sodium and modulated by gap junction coupling." Journal of General Physiology 137, no. 6 (2011): 507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201010538.

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We recently modeled fluid flow through gap junction channels coupling the pigmented and nonpigmented layers of the ciliary body. The model suggested the channels could transport the secretion of aqueous humor, but flow would be driven by hydrostatic pressure rather than osmosis. The pressure required to drive fluid through a single layer of gap junctions might be just a few mmHg and difficult to measure. In the lens, however, there is a circulation of Na+ that may be coupled to intracellular fluid flow. Based on this hypothesis, the fluid would cross hundreds of layers of gap junctions, and th

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44

Scholz, M. "Mira model photospheres." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 122 (1987): 385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900156815.

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The temperature stratifications and the emitted fluxes of Mira model photospheres based upon the extended density distribution of a pulsation model differ substantially from those of conventional model photospheres based upon a hydrostatic density distribution. Hence, the interpretation of Mira spectra by means of hydrostatic models is inadequate, and the spectral characteristics of Miras may deviate significantly from those of non-Miras.

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45

NIMURA, Masaki, Koji KAWASAKI, Tomokazu MURAKAMI, Shinya SHIMOKAWA, Satoshi IIZUKA, and Shuzo NISHIDA. "APPLICABILITY OF HYDROSTATIC / NON-HYDROSTATIC MODELS OF TSUNAMI SIMULATOR “T-STOC” TO STORM SURGE -INDUCED INANDATION ANALYSIS." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 76, no. 2 (2020): I_115—I_120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/kaigan.76.2_i_115.

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Mahdavian, S. M. "A Thermal Hydrodynamic Lubrication Analysis for Hydrostatic Extrusion of a Work Hardening Metal." Journal of Tribology 108, no. 3 (1986): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261206.

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The thermal hydrodynamic lubrication theory is extended to hydrostatic extrusion of a strain hardening metal. The effects of viscous heating in both inlet and work zones, and surface temperature of work zones are included. The results are compared with previous theoretical models. It indicates that thermal strain hardening effects play an important role in determining hydrostatic extrusion for high reduction of area and high strength metals.

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47

Kaup, Magdalena, Wojciech Jurczak, and Janusz Kaup. "Design Methodology of Strength Verification of Platform During Load Out of the Arkutun Dagi SE-Topside 43.800 MT." Polish Maritime Research 23, no. 4 (2016): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2016-0078.

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Abstract This paper presents the methodology of strength verification during load out of the heavy cargo, in this case Arkutun Dagi SE-Topside platform. General methodology of making calculation models and load algorithms has been presented. Paper shows results of verification of global shear forces and bending moments using self-developed algorithms to modify centre of gravity, fill tanks and hydrostatically balance a 3D finite element model with commercial hydrostatic code. The NAPA and ANSYS codes were used to calculate hydrostatic pressures and to apply to 3D-FE models and to carry out str

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48

Socie, D. "Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Models." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 109, no. 4 (1987): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3225980.

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Two multiaxial fatigue damage models are proposed: a shear strain model for failures that are primarily mode II crack growth and a tensile strain model for failures that are primarily mode I crack growth. The failure mode is shown to be dependent on material, strain range and hydrostatic stress state. Tests to support these models were conducted with Inconel 718, SAE 1045, and AISI Type 304 stainless steel tubular specimens in strain control. Both proportional and non-proportional loading histories were considered. It is shown that the additional cyclic hardening that accompanies out of phase

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Lemanis, Robert, Stefan Zachow, and René Hoffmann. "Comparative cephalopod shell strength and the role of septum morphology on stress distribution." PeerJ 4 (September 13, 2016): e2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2434.

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The evolution of complexly folded septa in ammonoids has long been a controversial topic. Explanations of the function of these folded septa can be divided into physiological and mechanical hypotheses with the mechanical functions tending to find widespread support. The complexity of the cephalopod shell has made it difficult to directly test the mechanical properties of these structures without oversimplification of the septal morphology or extraction of a small sub-domain. However, the power of modern finite element analysis now permits direct testing of mechanical hypothesis on complete, em

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Gu, Rui Jie, Ji Gao Liu, Jian Gong Zhang, Pei Li Li, Yong Le Kou, and Hui Chao Liu. "Simulation Study on the Heavy Parts of Pipe Hydrostatic Tester and their Structures Optimization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 109 (October 2011): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.109.296.

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The FE models of the front beam and the moving trolley of pipe hydrostatic tester are built with FE simulation software ABAQUS in the study. With the FE models, the force statuses of the two heavy parts of pipe hydrostatic tester are studied. It is found that the stress of the action field of the axial force and that of small field contacting with the pins of the front beam is higher and thicker middle cylinder can significantly improve the stress of the front beam. The stress of the middle cylinder and that of small field contacting with the pins of the moving trolley is higher. Thicker middl

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