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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydrotreated base oils'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Cohen, Stephen C. "Development and testing of a screw compressor fluid based on two-stage hydrotreated base oils, and comparison with a synthetic fluid." Journal of Synthetic Lubrication 7, no. 4 (1991): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsl.3000070402.

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2

Huang, T., X. G. Cheng, H. Gao, and R. X. Liang. "Composition of Floccules Formed in Hydrotreated Base Oil." Petroleum Science and Technology 27, no. 5 (2009): 464–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10916460701853952.

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3

Shkol'nikov, V. M., V. Z. Zlotnikov, S. P. Rogov, et al. "Production of lube oil base stock from hydrotreated feed." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 22, no. 9 (1986): 493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00722285.

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4

Sheng, Han, Ma Shujie, Qiu Feng, and Tianhui Ren. "Thermal stability improvement of hydrotreated naphthenic lube base oil." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 45, no. 3 (2009): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10553-009-0114-x.

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5

Han, S., H. Wang, X. Zhang, X. Cheng, S. Ma, and T. Ren. "Discoloration of Hydrotreated Naphthenic Rubber Base Oil at High Temperature." Petroleum Science and Technology 25, no. 3 (2007): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/lft-200056831.

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6

Han, S., H. Lin, and T. Ren. "Compositional Changes of Hydrotreated Naphthenic Rubber Base Oil Under High Temperature." Petroleum Science and Technology 27, no. 11 (2009): 1125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10916460802096337.

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7

CHAO, Qiu, Han SHENG, Xingguo CHENG, and Tianhui REN. "Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Hydrotreated Transformer Base Oil by Potentiometric Titration." Analytical Sciences 21, no. 6 (2005): 721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.21.721.

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8

Han, S., Q. Chao, and T. Ren. "Separation and Characterization of Trace Phosphorus Compounds in Hydrotreated Lube Base Oil." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 31, no. 9 (2009): 767–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567030701752701.

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9

Imran, Dr Aed Jaber. "AL – Mansuriya gas fields associated liquid and its role to increase the potential capacity of gasoline fuel in Daura oil refinery." Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 7, no. 1 (2021): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v7i1.167.

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Hydrotreating processing is commonly used to remove platforming catalyst poisons from straight run or cracked naphthas prior to charging to the platforming Process unit. It can be seen that the primary function of the naphtha Hydrotreating Process can be characterized as a “Clean up” Operation. The catalyst used in the Naphtha Hydrotreating Process is composed of an alumina base impregnated with compounds of cobalt or nickel and molybdenum. The catalyst is insensitive to most poisons which affect dehydrogenation reactions. A relatively high percentage of carbon on the catalyst does not materially affect its sensitivity or selectivity. Volumetric recoveries of products depend on the sulfur and olefin contents [1]. The Naphtha Hydrotreating Process is a catalytic refining process employing a selected catalyst and a hydrogen-rich gas stream to decompose organic sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen compounds contained in hydrocarbon fractions. In addition, hydrotreating removes organo-metallic compounds and saturates olefinic compounds. Organo-metallic compounds, notably arsenic and lead compounds, are known to be permanent poisons to platinum catalysts. "The complete removal of these materials by Hydrotreating processing gives longer catalyst life in the platforming unit. Sulfur, above a critical level, is a temporary poison to platforming catalysts and causes an unfavorable change in the product distribution. Organic nitrogen is also a temporary poison to platforming catalyst. It is an extremely potent one, however, and relatively small amounts of nitrogen compounds in the Platformer feed can cause large deactivation effects, as well as the deposition of ammonium chloride salts in the platforming unit cold sections. Oxygen compounds are detrimental to the operation of a Platformer. Any oxygen compounds which are not removed in the hydrotreater will be converted to water in the platforming unit, thus affecting the water/ chloride balance of the platforming catalyst. Large amounts of olefins contribute to increase coking of the platforming catalyst. Also, olefins can polymerize at platforming operating conditions which can result in exchanger and reactor fouling. The Naphtha Hydrotreating Process makes a major contribution to the ease of operation and economy of platforming. Much greater flexibility is afforded in choice of allowable charge stocks to the platforming unit. Because this unit protects the platforming catalyst, it is important to maintain consistently good operation in the Hydrotreating Unit. In addition to treating naphtha for Platformer feed, naphthas produced from thermal cracking processes, such as delayed coking and visbreaking, are usually high in olefinic content and other contaminants, and may not be stable in storage. These naphthas may be hydrotreated to stabilize the olefins and to remove organic or metallic contaminants, thus providing a marketable product.

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10

Qiu, Chao, Sheng Han, Xingguo Cheng, and Tianhui Ren. "Distribution of Thioethers in Hydrotreated Transformer Base Oil by Oxidation and ICP-AES Analysis." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 44, no. 11 (2005): 4151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie048833b.

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11

Sastry, Madhira I. S., Anju Chopra, Amarjeet S. Sarpal, Surendra K. Jain, Som P. Srivastava, and Akhilesh K. Bhatnagar. "Carbon type analysis of hydrotreated and conventional lube-oil base stocks by i.r. spectroscopy." Fuel 75, no. 12 (1996): 1471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(96)00140-8.

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12

Han, Sheng, Chao Qiu, Xingguo Cheng, Shujie Ma, and Tianhui Ren. "Study of the Reasons for Discoloration of Hydrotreated Naphthenic Lube Base Oil under Ultraviolet Radiation." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 44, no. 2 (2005): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie049550m.

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13

Sheng, Han, Cheng Xinguo, Ma Shujie, and Ren Tianhui. "The mechanism of thermal oxidation of a hydrotreated naphthenic lube base oil at high temperature." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 45, no. 4 (2009): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10553-009-0143-5.

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14

No, Soo-Young. "Application of hydrotreated vegetable oil from triglyceride based biomass to CI engines – A review." Fuel 115 (January 2014): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.07.001.

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15

Rodríguez-Fernández, José, Juan José Hernández, Alejandro Calle-Asensio, Ángel Ramos, and Javier Barba. "Selection of Blends of Diesel Fuel and Advanced Biofuels Based on Their Physical and Thermochemical Properties." Energies 12, no. 11 (2019): 2034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112034.

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Current policies focus on encouraging the use of renewable energy sources in transport to reduce the contribution of this sector to global warming and air pollution. In the short-term, attention is focused on developing renewable fuels. Among them, the so-called advanced biofuels, including non-crop and waste-based biofuels, possess important benefits such as higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings and the capacity not to compete with food markets. Recently, European institutions have agreed on specific targets for the new Renewable Energy Directive (2018/2001), including 14% of renewable energy in rail and road transport by 2030. To achieve this, advanced biofuels will be double-counted, and their contribution must be at least 3.5% in 2030 (with a phase-in calendar from 2020). In this work, the fuel properties of blends of regular diesel fuel with four advanced biofuels derived from different sources and production processes are examined. These biofuels are (1) biobutanol produced by microbial ABE fermentation from renewable material, (2) HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) derived from hydrogenation of non-edible oils, (3) biodiesel from waste free fatty acids originated in the oil refining industry, and (4) a novel biofuel that combines fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerol formal esters (FAGE), which contributes to a decrease in the excess of glycerol from current biodiesel plants. Blending ratios include 5, 10, 15, and 20% (% vol.) of biofuel, covering the range expected for biofuels in future years. Pure fuels and some higher ratios are considered as well to complete and discuss the tendencies. In the case of biodiesel and FAME/FAGE blends in diesel, ratios up to 20% meet all requirements set in current fuel quality standards. Larger blending ratios are possible for HVO blends if HVO is additivated to lubricity improvers. For biobutanol blends, the recommended blending ratio is limited to 10% or lower to avoid high water content and low cetane number.

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16

Höwing, Jonas, and Angela Philipp. "Experiences with Sandvik grades in oil refinery applications." E3S Web of Conferences 121 (2019): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912105004.

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A modern refinery can have more than a thousand of heat exchangers, of which the clear majority comprises tubes made of carbon or low alloyed steel. In some special applications severe conditions can occur where the use of low alloyed steels does not give enough life time and in the worst cases causes unplanned shutdowns. Among the most problematic heat exchangers in a refinery are the overhead condensers in atmospheric and vacuum distillation units, but also others within the refineries can have highly corrosive conditions. The most common problems are condensation of hydrochloric acid, diluted chlorides in acidic water phases, deposits and formation of chloride salts such as ammonium chloride. These conditions can induce general and under deposit corrosion, pitting and stress corrosion cracking. Other units in the refineries where high alloyed stainless steel or nickel base alloys are commonly encountered are in hydrotreaters and reactor effluent air coolers (REACs). In this paper experiences from installations of high alloyed stainless steels tubes in critical refinery heat exchangers will be discussed. Comparisons of different grades, their performances and limitations depending on the environments, will also be addressed.

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17

Srinivas, Babu K., K. K. Pant, Santosh K. Gupta, D. N. Saraf, I. R. Choudhury, and M. Sau. "A carbon-number lump based model for simulation of industrial hydrotreaters: Vacuum gas oil (VGO)." Chemical Engineering Journal 358 (February 2019): 504–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.10.019.

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18

Munteanu, Mugurel Catalin, and Jinwen Chen. "Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium (VLE)-Based Modeling for the Prediction of Operating Regimes in a Heavy Gas Oil Hydrotreater." Energy & Fuels 26, no. 2 (2012): 1230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef201616f.

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19

Vo, C., C. Charoenphonphanich, P. Karin, S. Susumu, and K. Hidenori. "Effects of variable O2 concentrations and injection pressures on the combustion and emissions characteristics of the petro-diesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil-based fuels under the simulated diesel engine condition." Journal of the Energy Institute 91, no. 6 (2018): 1071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2017.07.002.

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20

Joshi, S. S., A. S. Dhoble, and P. R. Jiwanapurkar. "Investigations of Different Liquid Based Spectrum Beam Splitters for Combined Solar Photovoltaic Thermal Systems." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 138, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032352.

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In the spectrum beam split approach of combined solar photovoltaic thermal system (PVT), the complete solar spectrum is splitted. The unwanted part of the solar spectrum for photovoltaic (PV) applications is filtered out and is used separately as heat. In this work, some inexpensive, clear, and easily available selective fluids are identified which can be used as both volumetric heat absorbers and selective spectrum filters for C-Si-based PVT. The electrical performance of a C-Si solar PV cell using these fluid-based filters is analyzed using a solar simulator at 1 Sun, AM 1.5 G. To check the volumetric heat absorbing potential, the required thermophysical properties of these selected fluids are estimated using a solar radiation pyranometer and standard experiments. The study concludes that water, coconut oil, and hydrotreated silicone transformer oil are some of the potential beam splitters and heat absorbers suitable for C-Si based spectrum beam split PVT applications.

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21

"96/06739 Carbon type analysis of hydrotreated and conventional lube-oil base stocks by i.r. spectroscopy." Fuel and Energy Abstracts 37, no. 6 (1996): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(97)84100-8.

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22

Ushakov, Sergey, and Nicolas Lefebvre. "Assessment of Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) Applicability as an Alternative Marine Fuel Based on Its Performance and Emissions Characteristics." SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 12, no. 2 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/04-12-02-0007.

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