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Academic literature on the topic 'Hydrotreating'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Hydrotreating"

1

Orazbayev, Batyr, Ainur Zhumadillayeva, Kulman Orazbayeva, Lyailya Kurmangaziyeva, Kanagat Dyussekeyev, and Sandugash Iskakova. "Methods for Developing Models in a Fuzzy Environment of Reactor and Hydrotreating Furnace of a Catalytic Reforming Unit." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188317.

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Methods for the development of fuzzy and linguistic models of technological objects, which are characterized by the fuzzy output parameters and linguistic values of the input and output parameters of the object are proposed. The hydrotreating unit of the catalytic reforming unit was investigated and described. On the basis of experimental and statistical data and fuzzy information from experts and using the proposed methods, mathematical models of a hydrotreating reactor and a hydrotreating furnace were developed. To determine the volume of production from the outlet of the reactor and furnace, nonlinear regression models were built, and fuzzy models were developed in the form of fuzzy regression equations to determine the quality indicators of the hydrotreating unit—the hydrogenated product. To identify the structure of the models, the ideas of sequential inclusion regressors are used, and for parametric identification, a modified method of least squares is used, adapted to work in a fuzzy environment. To determine the optimal temperature of the hydrotreating process on the basis of expert information and logical rules of conditional conclusions, rule bases are built. The constructed rule bases for determining the optimal temperature of the hydrotreating process depending on the thermal stability of the feedstock and the pressure in the hydrotreating furnace are implemented using the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox application of the MatLab package. Comparison results of data obtained with the known models, developed models and real, experimental data from the hydrotreating unit of the reforming unit are presented and the effectiveness of the proposed approach to modeling is shown.

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2

Elchin Melikov, Tamella Maharramova, Elchin Melikov, Tamella Maharramova. "CONTROL OF THE GASOLINE HYDROTREATING PROCESS." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 145, no. 05 (2024): 36–43. https://doi.org/10.36962/pahtei149052024-36.

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In a market economy, gasoline hydrotreating at modern oil refineries is considered one of the most important technological processes. In conditions where the demand for high-quality gasoline on the world market is high, control of the gasoline hydrotreating process is a very pressing issue. As oil refineries strive to meet stricter environmental regulations, hydrotreating processes are becoming increasingly important. An automated control system has been developed for such a technological process. During hydrotreating, petroleum fractions selectively react with hydrogen in the catalyst presence at relatively high temperatures and medium pressure. This process converts unwanted aromatics, olefins, nitrogen, metals, and organic sulfur compounds into stabilized products. Some hydrotreated fractions may require additional processing to meet final product specifications. The presence of compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen in diesel and gasoline fractions is also extremely undesirable, as this leads to a deterioration in the characteristics of diesel engines and internal combustion engines. The composition of these compounds is also undesirable from an environmental point of view. As a hydrotreating result, the petroleum products quality increases. As the molecular weight of the fraction increases, the desulfurization rate decreases. The gasoline hydrotreating process continues, releasing a small amount of heat, which is used to compensate for heat losses to the environment. Keywords: hydrotreating process, oil refinery, petroleum products, automation system, control object, optimal control.

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3

Setiawan, Daliya Indra, Tun Tedja Irawadi та Zainal Alim Mas’ud. "Hydrotreating of Sunan Candlenut (Reutealis trisperma Airy Shaw) Oil by Using NiMo-γAl₂O₃ as Renewable Energy". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 19, № 1 (2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.27274.

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Hydrotreating process of Sunan candlenut oil by using NiMo-γAl2O3 catalyst has been successfully investigated. Preparation of NiMo-γAl2O3 catalyst by using dipping impregnation method generated catalyst used for hydrotreating process. This method consists of three stages: support activation, impregnation, and calcination. This factors influencing the process including temperature, pressure, and the ratio of Sunan candlenut oil to the H2 gas factor were examined. The hydrotreating product of fuel similar to oil was obtained at a minimum temperature of 380 °C, a pressure of 30–60 bar, and the ratio of the sample to H2 gas of 0.5–1. The diesel fuel from physical properties range for the density of 0.82–0.86 g/cm3, and kinematic viscosity of 2–6 cSt have been fulfilled by hydrotreating result. Gasoline, naphtha, diesel oil, and gas oil products of Sunan candlenut oil were obtained by distillation from hydrotreating process. Sunan candlenut oil fuel qualified fuel requirement.

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4

Tyukilina, P. M., M. G. Markova, E. V. Kirillova, O. A. Trusov, K. A. Chernobrovin, and V. A. Boldinov. "Evaluation of the reactivation efficiency of hydrotreating catalysts." World of petroleum products 03 (2023): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32758/2782-3040-2023-0-3-35-42.

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Tests of diesel fuel hydrotreating catalysts have been carried out, which have passed the reactivation procedure according to the technology developed by JSC «all-Russian Oil Refining Research institute». The efficiency of the reactivation technology was evaluated of catalysts for hydrotreating diesel fuels and vacuum gas oil. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the physico-chemical and catalytic properties of regenerated, reactivated and fresh hydrotreating catalysts, the dynamics of changes in the operating characteristics of catalysts is investigated. The results obtained at the pilot plant were confirmed during an industrial run at the L-24/7 hydrotreating plant of JSC «Syzran Oil Refinery». The presented results demonstrate the high activity and stability of reactivated catalytic systems in the process of hydrotreating diesel fuel and vacuum gas oil, in comparison with the results of operation of fresh catalysts of similar brands. I confirm the results of monitoring the operation of reactivated catalytic systems at an industrial technological installation.

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5

Usmanov, K. I., N. S. Yakubova, V. T. Urmanova, and G. E. Abdurasulova. "Synthesis of a control system for the process of diesel fuel hydropuring with the Adar method." E3S Web of Conferences 458 (2023): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345801025.

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Currently, one of the main important tasks at oil refineries is to increase their productivity and product quality. Hydrotreating of diesel fuel is important in the oil refining process. The main purpose of hydrotreating is to improve the quality of fuel and remove sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen compounds from it. The diesel fuel hydrotreating process has a significant impact on product quality. As an object of study, a chemical reactor has a nonlinear characteristic and has the property of a reverse chemical reaction during the hydrotreating of diesel fuel. Also, the diesel fuel hydrotreating process is considered a nonlinear and multidimensional control object, and all its parameters cannot be measured online. Therefore, a mathematical model was developed that takes into account the features of the technological process that arises when creating a highly efficient control system. The article deals with the synthesis of effective algorithms for controlling a chemical reactor and developed a synergistic controller for a class of indefinite nonlinear dynamic systems. The synthesis of control laws is performed by the method of analytical design of aggregated controllers (ADAR).

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Orazbaev, B., A. Zhumadillayeva, A. Tanirbergenova, K. Orazbayeva, and A. Kazieva. "PROBLEM OF DECISION-MAKING ON CONTROL OF THE PROCESS OF HYDRAULIC TREATMENT OF A CATALYTIC REFORMING PLANT IN A FUZZY MEDIUM AND DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR ITS SOLUTION." Bulletin of the National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan 82, no. 4 (2021): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47533/2020.1606-146x.126.

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The problems of formulating and solving the problem of making decisions on the control of the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment are investigated and an effective method for solving such problems with the involvement of experts, their experience, knowledge and intuition is proposed. The statement of the problem of controlling the hydrotreating process, which takes place in the hydrotreating reactor and is characterized by the indistinctness of the initial information, is obtained in the form of the problem of making decisions on the choice of the optimal operating mode of the hydrotreating reactor. The management criteria were chosen to maximize the volume of production, i.e. hydrogenate, and improving the quality characteristics of the manufactured products. In the mathematical formulation of the decision-making problem for the management of the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment and the development of a method for its solution, the ideas of the principle of the main criterion and maximin were used by adapting them to work in a fuzzy environment. A heuristic method has been developed for solving the assigned decision-making tasks for controlling the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment. The originality and novelty of the applied approach to the formulation and solution of the decision-making problem in a fuzzy environment consists in increasing the adequacy of the decision made in a fuzzy environment due to the maximum use of the initial fuzzy information.

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7

Orazbayev, B., Zh Moldasheva, L. La, K. Orazbayeva, Zh Tuleuov, and B. Utenova. "Problem of decision-making on control of the process of hydraulic treatment of a catalytic reforming plant in a fuzzy medium and development of a method for its solution." Bulletin of the National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan 83, no. 1 (2022): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47533/2020.1606-146x.142.

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The problems of formulating and solving the problem of making decisions on the control of the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment are investigated and an effective method for solving such problems with the involvement of experts, their experience, knowledge and intuition is proposed. The statement of the problem of controlling the hydrotreating process, which takes place in the hydrotreating reactor and is characterized by the indistinctness of the initial information, is obtained in the form of the problem of making decisions on the choice of the optimal operating mode of the hydrotreating reactor. The management criteria were chosen to maximize the volume of production, i.e. hydrogenate, and improving the quality characteristics of the manufactured products. In the mathematical formulation of the decision-making problem for the management of the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment and the development of a method for its solution, the ideas of the principle of the main criterion and maximin were used by adapting them to work in a fuzzy environment. A heuristic method has been developed for solving the assigned decision-making tasks for controlling the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment. The originality and novelty of the applied approach to the formulation and solution of the decision-making problem in a fuzzy environment consists in increasing the adequacy of the decision made in a fuzzy environment due to the maximum use of the initial fuzzy information.

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8

Orazbayev, Batyr, Alua Tanirbergenova, Kulman Orazbayeva, et al. "Decision Making for Control of the Gasoline Fraction Hydrotreating Process in a Fuzzy Environment." Processes 12, no. 4 (2024): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12040669.

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This article is devoted to the study of decision-making problems of hydrotreating process control in the production of high-quality gasoline under conditions of scarcity and fuzziness of the initial information, ultimately developing an approach to solve them. A systematic method is proposed that makes it possible to develop a package of mathematical models of a complex of interconnected units of chemical-technological systems based on available information of various types. Using the proposed system method, a package of models of the main interconnected units in which the hydrotreating process took place was developed. A decision-making problem was formulated to control the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment based on the developed system of models. By modifying the Pareto principle of optimality for fuzzy conditions, a heuristic method for solving the given decision-making problem was developed to control the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment. The novelty of the proposed heuristic method lies in the full use of the collected fuzzy information, which represents the knowledge, intuition and experience of the decision makers and experts. Accordingly, the proposed heuristic decision-making method makes it possible to achieve a high adequacy and efficiency of decisions made when solving production problems in a fuzzy environment. The results obtained were applied in practice to solve decision-making problems for hydrotreating process control at the Atyrau refinery. The results obtained show the advantages of the proposed heuristic method for solving decision-making problems of hydrotreating process control over known methods.

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9

Straka, Petr, Josef Blažek, Daria Toullis, Tomáš Ihnát, and Pavel Šimáček. "The Effect of the Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Products from Co-Hydrotreating of Rapeseed Oil and Petroleum Middle Distillates." Catalysts 11, no. 4 (2021): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11040442.

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This study compares the hydrotreating of the mixture of petroleum middle distillates and the same mixture containing 20 wt % of rapeseed oil. We also study the effect of the temperature and the weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on the co-hydrotreating of gas oil and rapeseed oil mixture. The hydrotreating is performed over a commercial hydrotreating Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst at temperatures of ca. 320, 330, 340, and 350 °C with a WHSV of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 h−1 under a pressure of 4 MPa and at a constant hydrogen flow of 28 dm3·h−1. The total conversion of the rapeseed oil is achieved under all the tested reaction conditions. The content of the aromatic hydrocarbons in the products reached a minimum at the lowest reaction temperature and WHSV. The content of sulphur in the products did not exceed 10 mg∙kg−1 at the reaction temperature of 350 °C and a WHSV of 1.0 h−1 and WHSV of 0.5 h−1 regardless of the reaction temperature. Our results show that in the hydrotreating of the feedstock containing rapeseed oil, a large amount of hydrogen is consumed for the dearomatisation of the fossil part and the saturation of the double bonds in the rapeseed oil and its hydrodeoxygenation.

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10

Dragomir, Raluca Elena, Paul Rosca, and Traian Juganaru. "Upgrading FCC Light Cycle Oil." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 1 (2017): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.1.5383.

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This paper presents options for increasing production of diesel fuel in a refinery by FCC light cycle oil (LCO) hydrotreating together with the straight run gas oil (SRGO). The experiments consist of hydrotreating mixtures of 10, 20% LCO and 90% and respectively 80% SRGO at 360, 380�C, two liquid hourly space velocity 0.9 h-1, 1.2 h-1, pressure 50 bar in the presence of two industrial catalyst type Co/Mo and NiMo. The research has focused on the influence of LCO/SRGO ratio, type of catalyst and hydrotreating conditions on diesel fuel quality compared with characteristics required by standard EN 590.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrotreating"

1

Hellgardt, Klaus. "Coprecipitated iron based catalysts for hydrotreating." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243566.

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2

Kouyionas, Vassilos. "Interactions of competing catalytic hydrotreating reactions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46398.

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Oliveira, De Souza Danilo. "Quick-EXAFS and hydrotreating catalysts : chemometrics contribution." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10061/document.

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L’hydrodésulfuration (HDS) est un procédé catalytique utilisé pour éliminer le soufre des carburants. La demande mondiale de carburants propres a stimulé les recherches sur autour de ce procédé afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes réactionnels et de produire des catalyseurs plus efficaces. Deux axes de recherches peuvent être dégagés : d’une part la formulation de nouvelles voies de synthèse permettant la production des catalyseurs plus efficaces et d’autre part la compréhension du processus catalytique au niveau moléculaire. La compréhension des transformations structurales du catalyseur au niveau moléculaire pendant la réaction ainsi que pendant la genèse de la phase active est une nécessité pour améliorer les propriétés des catalyseurs. Dans ce contexte, ce travail propose deux objectifs. En premier lieu, il présente nouvelle méthode de synthèse de catalyseurs d’HDS à base de CoMo supporté dans TiO2 par voie sol-gel. Dans un deuxième temps, le travail présente la mise-en-œuvre de la chimiometrie pour traiter des données in situ de spectroscopie d’absorption de rayons-X (XAS) qui permet d’obtenir des informations sur la structure moléculaire du catalyseur pendant son activation. Les installations synchrotron de dernière génération permettent en effet d’enregistrer des données expérimentales avec résolution temporelle de l’ordre de la seconde (Quick-EXAFS) et la chimiometrie fournit des outils d’analyse et d’interprétation pour extraire des informations sur les cinétiques de réaction et sur les transformations structurales menant à la formation de la phase active du catalyseur<br>Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is catalytic process used to remove sulfur from petroleum feedstock. The world claim for clean fuel boosted scientists to get new insights on the catalytic reaction in order to understand the mechanisms of the process and, thus, produce catalysts that are more efficient. Such researches are based mainly in to lines: by one hand, in the formulation of new routes that lead to tailored catalysts and, by the other hand, in a better understanding of the catalytic process at the molecular and atomic level. Particularly, the later leads to an optimization of the formulation and better catalytic performance, for which is required further understanding of the molecular structure, its transformations during the reaction, the nature of active species and its genesis. In this picture, the goal of this work is twofold. First, to present a new route for produce HDS CoMo-based catalysts via one-pot sol-gel method, which revealed to have suitable macro- and microscopic properties making promising solids for further applications. Second, to adapt and use chemometrics method to treat in situ measurements, particularly, X-ray absorption spectra (XAS), to get new insights on the genesis of the catalytic active phase at the molecular level. XAS techniques is suitable to probe local atomic structure, and last generation synchrotron facilities provide conditions to perform such in situ experiments with very fast acquisition (Quick-EXAFS). Chemometrics provide a brand new scope on data analysis and interpretation for extract information on the kinetics of reaction and structure transformation that leads to the active phase of the catalysts

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Schwartz, Viviane. "Preparation and Reactivity of Niobium-Containing Hydrotreating Catalysts." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26368.

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A series of niobium-containing nitride and carbides were prepared by a temperature-programmed synthesis method. The catalysts synthesized comprised a monometallic niobium oxynitride and a new bimetallic oxycarbide supported system, Nb-Mo-O-C/Al₂O₃ (Mo/Nb = 1.2; 1.6; 2.0). In the case of the niobium oxynitride, the progress of formation was analyzed by interrupting the synthesis at various stages. The effect of the heating rate on product properties was also investigated. The solid intermediates and the final niobium oxynitride were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (CHNS), and gas adsorption techniques. The solid state transformation occurred directly from Nb₂O₅ to NbN<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> without any suboxide intermediates. The bimetallic supported oxycarbide materials were also characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas adsorption techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). It was found that the electronic properties of the oxycarbide were modified by the interaction with the Al₂O₃ support, and that most of the oxygen atoms were associated with the niobium rather than the molybdenum atom. All of the niobium-containing catalysts were tested in a three-phase trickle-bed reactor for the simultaneous hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) of quinoline and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene. The niobium oxynitride presented low HDS activity and moderate HDN activity, whereas the supported bimetallic oxycarbide was found to be highly active for both, HDN and HDS, demonstrating higher activities than the commercial sulfided Ni-Mo/Al₂O₃ when compared on the basis of active sites. In addition to these studies a comprehensive investigation of the HDN reaction mechanism was carried out over bulk unsupported Mo₂C, NbC, NbMo₂-O-C, and compared with the mechanism over a sulfide catalyst, MoS₂/SiO₂. For this purpose, a comparison of the HDN rate of a series of isomeric amines was performed, and the reaction occurred mainly through a β-elimination mechanism for all catalysts. Temperature programmed desorption of ethylamine was used to investigate the acid properties of the catalytic surfaces, and a good agreement between the specific rate of reaction and the number of Brønsted acid-sites was obtained. Infrared spectroscopy showed that the amines interacted with acidic centers to form adsorbed quartenary ammonium species. The deamination reaction over the carbide and sulfide catalysts probably occurs by a concerted push-pull mechanism involving basic sulfur species and Brønsted-acidic centers. In order to obtain more insight into the mechanism a study of the pyridine HDN network was carried out.All of the catalysts showed the same activity trend: the reactivity of n-pentylamine was high, while those of piperidine and pyridine were relatively low. The carbide catalysts showed higher selectivity towards HDN products than the sulfide catalyst at the same conversion levels. The higher selectivity was related to the higher ratio (r = k₂/k₁) between the rate constants of the two consecutive reactions, hydrogenation of pyridine (k₁) and ring opening of piperidine (k₂). The order of activity of the carbides and sulfide differed considerably depending on the substrate. However, for the pyridine reaction network the similarity in product distribution suggested that a similar surface composition, a carbosulfide, was attained during the reaction.<br>Ph. D.

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5

Patel, Jayeskumar Pravinzhai. "Characterisation study of nitrogen detection on coked hydrotreating catalyst." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271715.

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6

Ahmad, Muhammad Imran. "Integrated and multi-period design of diesel hydrotreating process." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:228852.

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Hydrotreating processes play a vital role in petroleum refineries to meet the increasing demand of transportation fuels. The recent trends in processing of heavier crudes with higher sulphur contents and more stringent product specifications for cleaner transportation fuels, such as ultra-low sulphur diesel, are resulting in more severe operating conditions and higher hydrogen consumption of hydrotreating processes. In order to carry out any revamp or design projects for improving the performance and efficiency of hydrotreating units molecular kinetic models of hydrotreating reactions may be required to provide detailed and accurate information of the composition and properties of hydrotreating products. The overall hydrotreating process consisting of the hydrotreater, the separation system and the associated heat recovery system need to be modelled on a consistent basis of detailed characterisation of petroleum fractions and the interactions of these individual subsystems with each other and with the refinery hydrogen network handled simultaneously for overall process optimisation. A molecular pathways level model of diesel hydrotreating reactions using the molecular type and homologous series matrix is employed for prediction of detailed molecular level information of composition and properties of diesel hydrotreating products. The molecular type and homologous series matrix representation of petroleum fractions is a detailed characterisation approach that represents the composition of a stream in a matrix in terms of the carbon number range and compound classes existing in the petroleum fraction. A new strategy is developed for estimation of physical properties of middle distillate and heavy petroleum fractions with molecular type and homologous series matrix representation using group contribution methods.

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7

Fulstow, A. N. "Some adsorption properties of molybdenum disulphide." Thesis, University of Hull, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375608.

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Bandyopadhyay, Rajarshi. "Comprehensive study on industrial diesel hydrotreating unit : new insights on design and optimization." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2019. http://eprint.iitd.ac.in:80//handle/2074/8053.

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KAMYAB, ALI. "Preparation and evaluation of sulfided NiMo/γ-Al2O3 hydrotreating catalysts". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190904.

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Four nickel-molybdenum catalysts were synthesized on gamma alumina with higher surface area and on NiMo catalyst was prepared using gamma alumina with lower surface area. Catalysts with higher-surface-area support were prepared by co-impregnation, sequential impregnation and adding phosphorous. Theses catalysts were calcined at 500 ͦC. Effect of higher calcination temperature was investigated by preparation of one catalyst calcined at 700 ͦC. Catalysts were thoroughly characterized via four characterization techniques. The hydrotreating activity of three catalysts was carried out in a micro reactor at high pressure and three different temperatures with Nynas vacuum middle distillate. Prior to the test, sulfiding was carried out to activate the catalysts. Hydrotreated-oil samples as products were analyzed to evaluate the activity and conversion of the catalyst. Also, the spent catalysts were characterized to evaluate the surface area characteristics and deactivation of catalysts. Addition of phosphorous to NiMo/gamma-Al2O3 improved the interaction between the metals and the support as well as reduced the coke formation as observed in scanning electron microscopy micrographs.

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10

Nikulshina, Kulikova Maria. "(Ni)MoWS alumina supported hydrotreating catalysts prepared from mixed H4SiMonW12-nO40 heteropolyacids." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R015/document.

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Le développement de catalyseurs HDS plus efficaces est un enjeu majeur pour répondre aux exigences environnementales concernant la teneur en soufre dans les carburants. L'une des approches pour améliorer l'activité catalytique est le développement de catalyseurs ternaires NiMoW. Cette étude se concentre sur la synthèse et la caractérisation de catalyseurs (Ni)MoW préparés à partir hétéropolyacides (HPA) mixtes SiMo1W11 et SiMo3W9 de structure de Keggin. Les catalyseurs basés sur les HPAs monométalliques SiMo12 et SiW12 et leurs mélanges ont été préparés et étudiés. Les solides ont été caractérisés par spectroscopie Raman, SPX et MET. Les propriétés catalytiques ont été évaluées dans des réactions d’HDS, d'HYD et d'HDN. Les propriétés physico-chimiques et l'activité catalytique dépendent de la nature des précurseurs initiaux. La genèse de la phase active des catalyseurs a été étudiée lors de la sulfuration in-situ sous H2S/H2 par SAX au synchrotron SOLEIL. La transformation du W dans les catalyseurs basés sur les précurseurs moléculaires mixtes, présentant une proximité nanométrique Mo-W, est plus rapide que celle observée dans le cas des catalyseurs préparés à partir du mélange de deux HPAs et conduit à la sulfuration simultanée des métaux et à la formation de la phase mixte MoWS2. La présence de feuillets mixtes (Ni)MoxW1-xS2 lorsque des HPA mixtes ont été utilisés a été mise en évidence par EXAFS et HAADF. La substitution d'un ou trois atomes de tungstène par du molybdène dans le cas des HPAs mixtes a entraîné une augmentation significative des activités en HDS et en HYD, par rapport à celles obtenues pour les catalyseurs préparés à partir du mélange de HPAs<br>Developing highly active HDS catalysts has been one of the most challenging and important subjects because of strengthening of environmental requirements for the sulfur content in fuels. One of the approaches to improve catalytic activity is the development of ternary NiMoW catalysts. This investigation focuses on the synthesis and characterization of (Ni)MoW catalysts prepared by using mixed SiMo1W11 and SiMo3W9 heteropolyacids (HPA) with Keggin structure. For comparison purposes, catalysts based on monometallic SiMo12 and SiW12 HPAs and their mixtures were also prepared and studied. The samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, HRTEM. The catalytic properties were evaluated in HDS, HYD and HDN reactions. The physical-chemical properties and catalytic activity depends on the nature of the initial precursors. Genesis of the active phase was studied during in situ H2S/H2 sulfidation of the catalysts by X-ray absorption at SOLEIL Synchrotron. It was found that W transformation from mixed molecular precursors with a Mo-W nanoscale proximity is faster than from mixture of two HPAs resulting in simultaneously sulfidation of metals and the formation of mixed MoWS2 phase. The presence of mixed (Ni)MoxW1-xS2 slabs when mixed HPAs were used for preparation of the catalyst was evidenced by EXAFS and High angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy. Substitution of one or three tungsten atoms by molybdenum ones in the case of mixed HPAs resulted in a significant increase in HDS as well as in HYD activity, compared to those obtained for catalysts prepared from mixture of monometallic HPAs

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Books on the topic "Hydrotreating"

1

Topsøe, Henrik. Hydrotreating catalysis. Springer, 1996.

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2

Marafi, Meena Abdul-Nabi. The regeneration of deactivated hydrotreating catalysts. Aston University. Department ofChemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 1988.

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3

Kusardi, T. W. Modelling the kinetics of hydrotreating processes. UMIST, 1996.

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1942-, Occelli Mario L., and Chianelli Russell, eds. Hydrotreating technology for pollution control: Catalysts, catalysis, and processes. Marcel Dekker, 1996.

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Bernard, Delmon, Froment Gilbert F, Grange P, and International Symposium on Hydrotreatment and Hydrocracking of Oil Fractions (2nd : 1999 : Antwerp, Belgium), eds. Hydrotreatment and hydrocracking of oil fractions: Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium/7th European workshop, Antwerpen, Belgium, November 14-17, 1999. Elsevier, 1999.

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F, Froment Gilbert, Delmon Bernard, and Grange P, eds. Hydrotreatment and hydrocracking of oil fractions: Proceedings of the 1st international symposium/6th European workshop, Oostende, Belgium, February 17-19, 1997. Elsevier, 1997.

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Dugulan, Achim Iulian. High-pressure sulfidation of hydrotreating catalysts: Genesis and properties of the active phase. IOS Press/Delft University Press, 2008.

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National Meeting of AIChE (1993 Houston, Tex.). Catalytic hydroprocessing of petroleum and distillates: Based on the proceedings of the AIChE Spring National Meeting, Houston, Texas, March 28-April 1, 1993. M. Dekker, 1994.

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Sánchez-Delgado, Roberto A. Organometallic modeling of the hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation reactions. Kluwer Academic, 2002.

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Furimsky, Edward. Catalysts for upgrading heavy petroleum feeds. Elsevier, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hydrotreating"

1

Topsøe, Henrik, Bjerne S. Clausen, and Franklin E. Massoth. "Hydrotreating Catalysis." In Catalysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61040-0_1.

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Nag, Ashis. "Hydrotreating/Hydrocracking." In Hydrocarbon Processing and Refining. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003268246-4.

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Speight, James G. "Hydrotreating Processes." In Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking Processes in Refining Technology. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003185314-4.

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Speight, James G. "Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking." In Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking Processes in Refining Technology. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003185314-2.

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Kokayeff, Peter, Steven Zink, and Pamela Roxas. "Hydrotreating in Petroleum Processing." In Handbook of Petroleum Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14529-7_4.

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Kokayeff, Peter, Steven Zink, and Pamela Roxas. "Hydrotreating in Petroleum Processing." In Handbook of Petroleum Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05545-9_4-1.

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Ancheyta, Jorge, Anton Alvarez-Majmutov, and Carolina Leyva. "Hydrotreating of oil fractions." In Multiphase Catalytic Reactors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119248491.ch13.

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Maesen, Theo, Guan-Dao Lei, Jay Rogers, and Kamala R. Krishna. "Lube Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking." In Encyclopedia of Lubricants and Lubrication. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22647-2_314.

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Trambouze, P. "Engineering of Hydrotreating Processes." In Chemical Reactor Technology for Environmentally Safe Reactors and Products. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2747-9_17.

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Low, J. Y. "Hydrotreating in Supercritical Media." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0329.ch022.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hydrotreating"

1

Tassen, C. S., and J. R. Crum. "Nickel Alloys and Welding Products for Polythionic Acid and Chloride Containing Refinery Environments." In CORROSION 1991. NACE International, 1991. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1991-91324.

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Abstract The selection of materials of construction is a major factor in the success of many processes in an oil refinery. Three areas which have substantial impact in selection of materials are corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and economics. Several materials are considered for reactor vessels, heaters, feed-effluent exchangers and hot transfer lines of the hydrotreating processes. Although hydrotreating and hydrodesulfurization processes vary, they all involve using hydrogen to remove sulfur and other impurities from petroleum products at elevated temperatures. There are several corrosion mechanisms which are possible in these processes. Three of these mechanisms are high temperature sulfide corrosion, polythionic acid (PTA) stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and chloride SCC.

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Oliva-Chatelain, Brittany L., John A. Pugh, Sudhakar Mahajanam, and Fred Addington. "Low H2S High Temperature Sulfur Attack in Refining Hydrotreating Processes." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14626.

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Abstract There are three known types of high temperature sulfidation present in the refining industry. Two of them have industry recognized methodologies for damage prediction, and they both manifest as general thinning morphologies. They are known as H2-free sulfidation and H2/H2S corrosion. The third type, although recognized as H2-free, low-sulfur corrosion, does not have an accepted chemical theory or a prediction tool, and it manifests as a localized thinning morphology. This third type of sulfidation is much less common and occurs in units and process conditions where little-to-no H2S would be expected to be present. This paper discusses the operating conditions in two known damage cases presented here and provides a viable chemical theory that could lead to the observed damage profile. In addition, an approach to mitigation of this attack is discussed.

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Shargay, C. A., G. E. Jacobs, and M. D. Price. "Ammonium Salt Corrosion in Hydrotreating Unit Stripper Column Overhead Systems." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99392.

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Abstract In the past, the presence of ammonium bisulfide (NH4HS) or ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) in hydrotreater stripper overheads was relatively rare. However, designs of newer units and revamps to older units, are resulting in corrosive levels of NH4HS or NH4Cl in overhead systems. This is primarily due to the addition of a hot high pressure separator (HHPS) with the bottoms going directly (or through another separator) to the stripper. This paper presents data on one corrosion case history in detail, a summary of another case history reported in Refin-Cor 3.0 and the results of a brief survey targeted to units with HHPS designs. Some correlations of the process conditions to the severity of corrosion are made based on the survey results, and recommended materials selection and other corrosion control methods to minimize the risk of this problem are given.

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Crum, J. R., C. S. Tassen, and T. Nagashima. "Precipitation Reactions and Corrosion Resistance of Thermally Aged and Welded Alloy 825." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97520.

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Abstract Oil refinery hydrotreating and hydrodesulfurization are high temperature processes which can cause sensitization and/or reduced ductility in some materials of construction, while the presence of sulfur and other impurities in these processes can lead to various corrosion mechanisms. Alloy 825 (UNS N08825) is often used in this demanding application. The effects of long term elevated temperature exposure and welding on the mechanical properties, microstructure and corrosion resistance of this nickel base alloy have been investigated.

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Morales, Giovanni, and Edinson Berbesí. "ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FUEL HYDROTREATING THROUGH LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND PROCESS DATA." In 37th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems (ECOS 2024). ECOS 2024, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/077185-0141.

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Shammeri, Hussain Al, P. K. Mukhopadhyay, and R. Radhakrishnan. "Preventing Ammonium Salt Corrosion in High Pressure Flash Gas Lines." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10356.

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Abstract With increased requirement for deep desulfurization to meet market demand, old refineries are facing higher risk of corrosion by ammonium salts. The paper describes failure of an ERW pipe in a high pressure flash gas line through which gases from Hydrocracker and Hydrotreating units are sent to a centralized amine unit. To prevent similar failures a two prong approach has been made. First to minimize ammonium salt corrosion, specific limits of critical parameters have been developed which are monitored on a regular basis and corrective actions taken as required maintaining the parameters. Secondly, a risk analysis for all ERW piping in the refinery has been carried out and depending on risk rating of a piping, a replacement/inspection strategy has been developed.

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Höwing, Jonas, Oscar Öhlin, and Karen Picker. "Corrosion Resistance of Three High-Ni Alloys in Renewable Feedstock Pretreatment Conditions." In CONFERENCE 2025. AMPP, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2025-00183.

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Abstract The high alloyed grades N08935, N08825, and N06625 have been tested in an aqueous environment at T=275°C, 500 ppm of chlorides, and pH=2 adjusted using citric acid. The test environment is relevant for pre-treatment of renewable refinery feedstock for renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), as well as reactor effluent air coolers (REAC’s) in hydrotreating plants. The alloys have been tested with regard to chloride induced stress corrosion cracking, (Cl-SCC), pitting, and crevice corrosion. The samples have been flat samples with ceramic crevice formers and C-rings tensioned to 100% of actual yield strength. In the paper, the results from the testing and suitability of the different grades for pretreatment and REAC applications are discussed.

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Coudreuse, L., S. Pillot, P. Bourges, and A. Gingell. "Hydrogen Induced Disbonding: from Laboratory Tests to Actual Field Conditions." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05573.

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Abstract Disbonding tests are often required during fabrication of hydrotreating vessels. However it is difficult to make the link between the testing conditions and the actual service conditions in the reactor wall. From numerical simulations of hydrogen profiles through disbonding test specimens and reactor walls it is possible to assess both the severity of disbonding tests and the actual risk of disbonding in service. It is shown that in-service temperature and hydrogen pressure are important parameters that control hydrogen distribution throughout the wall of a reactor, however, the influence of the wall thickness will also be underlined: the greaterer the thickness of the vessel, the greaterer the risk of disbonding. On the basis of a data bank of disbonding test results performed for fabricators world-wide, a proposal is made to adapt the severity of the test to the severity of the service conditions (pressure, temperature, wall thickness).

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Okada, Hachiro, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Katsuyuki Naito, and Shinji Mima. "Toughness Behavior of 1/2Mo Steel for Pressure Vessel and Effects of Hydrogen Attack on It." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86214.

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Abstract Variation in the toughness of 0.50% Mo steel and the presence of low-toughness materials resulting from this variation create problems as the steel which has been widely used for naphtha, kerosene, and light oil hydrotreating reactor vessels. It was examined the toughness behavior of 0.50% Mo steel, using specimens with various Mo content, C content, and different heat treatment. Moreover, it was investigated the effect of hydrogen attack as a factor in the loss of 0.50% Mo steel toughness. As described in this paper, the examination revealed of that: The toughness of 0.50% Mo steel varies widely with changes in microstructure and in tempering temperature and, therefore, can be stabilized and improved by properly controlling those conditions.A low carbon content produces high toughness. However, the carbon content must be determined taking trade-offs with strength into consideration.It was found that the conditions in (1) increase resistance to hydrogen attack as well, though the deterioration in the toughness occurs due to hydrogen attack.

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Kapusta, Sergio, Alex Ooms, Jan Willem Buijs, Deyuan Fan, and William Fort. "Systematic Approach to Controlling Fouling and Corrosion in Crude Unit Overheads and Hydrotreater Reactor Effluents." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01535.

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Abstract Fouling and related corrosion problems in crude distillation and naphtha hydrotreating units are often the symptoms of more fundamental problems. Some of these underlying problems are: the varying quality of the incoming crude, operating upsets in the desalters, inadequate procedures for draining the storage tanks, and the inappropriate use of process chemicals. The consequences of these problems can be higher corrosion rates, heat exchanger fouling, effluent water problems, increased energy consumption, and deactivation of catalysts in residue processing units. This paper describes a systematic approach to identifying the root causes and the solutions of corrosion and fouling in the crude distillation unit overhead and hydrotreater reactor effluent systems. This method has proven its effectiveness and efficiency to resolve complex and often puzzling problems, by combining multiple resources and skills needed to identify the cause of the problem and implement the solutions. Examples of recent case histories from several refineries illustrate the method.

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Reports on the topic "Hydrotreating"

1

Fairbridge, C., and B. Farnand. Hydrotreating coal-derived naphtha. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302610.

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Stohl, F. V., S. E. Lott, K. V. Diegert, D. C. Goodnow, and J. B. Oelfke. Hydrotreating of coal-derived liquids. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/81109.

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Yoshimura, Y., and E. Furimsky. Oxidative regeneration of hydrotreating catalysts. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302612.

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Gerber, Mark A., John G. Frye, Lawrence E. Bowman, John L. Fulton, Laura J. Silva, and Chien M. Wai. Regeneration of Hydrotreating and FCC Catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15001475.

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CM Wai, JG Frye, JL Fulton, LE Bowman, LJ Silva, and MA Gerber. Regeneration of Hydrotreating and FCC Catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/12208.

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Laine, R. M., and T. Stoebe. Advanced, soluble hydroliquefaction and hydrotreating catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5544414.

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Laine, R. M., and T. Stoebe. Advanced soluble hydroliquefaction and hydrotreating catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5603235.

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Laine, R. M., and T. Stoebe. Advanced soluble hydroliquefaction and hydrotreating catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5603240.

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Laine, R. M., and T. Stoebe. Advanced, soluble hydroliquefaction and hydrotreating catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6874969.

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Satterfield, C. N., and Chung M. Lee. Control of catalytic hydrotreating selectivity with ammonia. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6708242.

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