Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hydroxydes – Synthèse'
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Drici, Nawal. "Hydroxydes doubles lamellaires, synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD007/document.
Full textNew layered double hydroxides (LDHs) CoFe-Ac, CoNiFe-Ac, ZnNiFe-Ac and ZnCoFe-Acwith MII/MIII molar ratio of 3, and acetate ions in the interlayer region have been preparedusing forced hydrolysis of acetate metallic salts in a polyol medium. The structure,morphology and properties of as-prepared product were investigated by X-ray Diffraction(XRD), FT-IR Spectroscopy, elemental analysis, transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM),Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis (DTA, TGA) and V-visibleSpectroscopy: showed that these nanocomposites present the typical features of hydrotalcitelikestructure, exhibit a turbostratic character and the intercalation of acetate anions into theinterlayer domain has been successfully done, giving an interlayer spacing value of 12.70,12.47, 13.64 and 14.69 Å for CoFe-Ac, CoNiFe-Ac, ZnNiFe-Ac and ZnCoFe-Acrespectively.We can note that there is some difference between the interlayer spacing for all synthesizedphases. That can be explained by the arrangement of inserted species (anions + water) indifferent orientation in the interlayer domain.57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry allows concluding the presence of Fe3+ cations which occupyoctahedral sites and confirming the absence of Fe2+ in the as-prepared compounds.In order to check the capacity of our materials synthesized in polyol medium to exchange theacetate anions inserted in their interlamellar space, anionic exchange in aqueous medium waseffected for CoFe-Ac compound as à model of synthesized LDH. All the physicochemicalmethods of analysis (DRX, IR, ATD/ATG and elemental analysis) carried out on the materialCoFe- Ac /EC (exchanged). The comparison with a lamellar phase containing oFeCO3/Asynthesized in aqueous medium, show a layered double hydroxide compound with aturbostratic disorder, and a new interlamellar distance d003 = 7.67Å which correspondsperfectly with the presence of the carbonate anions and the water molecules in the interfeuilletfield.In the second part of this study, we are interested to examine the capacities of these kinds ofmaterials for the adsorption of an anion dye benzopurpurine-4B-. The adsorption of direct red2 by CoFe-Ac, CoNiFe-Ac LDHs has been examined in order to measure the capability ofthis new organic/inorganic nanomaterial to eliminate this highly toxic azoic class of anionicdyes from wastewater. The sorption capacities of LDHs for Benzopurpurine4B are also compared with those of other adsorbents : CoFe- Ac /Ec, CoFeCO3/A (synthesized in aqueous medium), Mg-Al-CO3/A and its calcined product at 500°C “Mg-Al-500”. The quantity of dye eliminated was found to depend on contact time, pH, initial concentration of dye and heating temperature. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° werecalculated to predict the nature of adsorption. Results suggested that the Benzopurpurine 4B adsorption on different compounds was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Adsorption kinetic data were tested using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovitch’sequation and intra-particle diffusion models. Kinetic studies for all cases showed that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second order reaction. Studies revealed that intra-particle diffusion played an important role in the mechanism of dye adsorption by MgAl-500. Theequilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, Elovitch, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson and Toth isotherm models. [...] Taking these results into account, we can conclude that prepared LDHs by forced hydrolysis in a polyol medium can be used successfully in the removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions
Bats, Nicolas. "Synthèse de nouvelles zéolithes en vue d'applications en déparaffinage." Mulhouse, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MULH0778.
Full textIllaik, Abdallah. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanocomposites polymères / hydroxydes doubles lamellaires (HDL)." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730633.
Full textDefontaine, Guillaume. "Synthèse et hydratation des hydroxydes lamellaires doubles : études des takovites." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2004_DEFONTAINE_G.pdf.
Full textLayered Double Hydroxide (LDH) are positively charged lamellar materials with a general formula written as [Ni2+1-xAI3+x(OH)2], [AZ-x/z, yH2O], where A is a compensating interlayer anion. These materials are easy to synthesize with adjustable structural parameters. The first part of this work focuses on the mechanisms operating upon synthesis of these compounds. The experimental approach combines analyses at the local scale by EXAFS with analyses at the semi-local scale by X Ray Scattering and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The hydrolytic behavior of pure nickel chloride and mixed nickel-gallium solutions wàs investigated. Nickel salts hydrolysis proceeds through the initial formation of long fibers that are then dissolved to form nickel hydroxide platelets. Upon hydrolysis of a mixed nickel -gallium solution, gallium oxyhydroxide like colloids form first whereas nickel ions do not react. Upon pH increase, galliunJfcolloids are progressively replaced by LDH platelets through dissolution/reprecipitation. When synthesis is carried out by co-precipitation at constant pH, in the initial steps, aIl gallium atoms are incorporated jn a LDH phase whose stoichiometry differs from that corresponding to the initial conditions. SAXS experiments reveal the formation of fibrous colloids similar to those observed when nickel al one is hydrolyzed. Such fibrous species then dissolve which somehow adjusts the stoichiometry of the formed LDH. . AIl along the synthesis, part of nickel ions do not react and remain as monomers in the supematants. The second part deals with the hydration behavior of vriable charge Nil Al-sulfate LDHs that was investigated by combining i) water adsorption gravimetry measurements, ii) X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments under controlled water pressure and iii) Raman and infrared under controlled water pressure. The main " engine " for hydration is the ,interlayer anion whose interactions with the solid layer control the observed changes. For the high charge sample, anions, in a C3v, symmetry are linked to the layer through their apical oxygen atom. When water molecules are added, they move away from the layer to reach an situation of outer- sphere complex, that results in significant swelling of the structure. Ln. Jess charged LDHs, anions are linked more strongly to the layer. Vibrational spectroscopy results reveal that in these cases, the anions never reach an outer-sphere complex. Consequently, swelling is retarded or even nearly suppressed
Rubio, Sandrine. "Synthèse de molécules perfluoroalkylées." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20089.
Full textCarlach, Philippe. "Précipitation homogène ou polyphasique par décomplexation thermique : application à la synthèse d'hydroxydes de nickel à partir de solutions ammoniacales." Paris, ENMP, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENMP1149.
Full textBardé, Fanny. "Synthèse, caractérisation et étude des mécanismes de décharge et d'autodécharge des hydroxydes et oxyhydroxydes de nickel et de cobalt." Amiens, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AMIE0310.
Full textBouda, Hamilton. "Réactions en milieu hétérogène solide-liquide faiblement hydraté : généralisation de la synthèse d'époxydes : synthèse du furyl-2 thiirane et de ses homologues." Toulouse, INPT, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPT005G.
Full textEl, Metoui Fatima Zahrae. "Étude de quelques composés de type hydroxydes doubles lamellaires : synthèse et caractérisation : intercalation de piliers silicates." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF21555.
Full textMartinez, Ortiz Maria de Jesus. "Synthèse et caractérisations de catalyseurs Pd et Pd-Cu supportés obtenus à partir de précurseurs hydroxydes doubles lamellaires pour les synthèses "one-pot" d'aldéhydes et cétones." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20113.
Full textBen, Assaker Ibtissem. "Synthèse électrochimique de films d'hydroxydes doubles lamellaires : applications aux biocapteurs." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EVRY0009/document.
Full textThis work is devoted to the electrochemical synthesis of layered double hydroxides (LDH) thin films and to the development of enzymatic biosensors with amperometric detection, using these films as immobilization matrices of enzymes. Preliminary studies of LDH suspensions synthesis by neutralization of mixed divalent and trivalent metallic cations with sodium hydroxide were performed. The powders were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and their compositions were determined by chemical titration and ICP-OES. Conditions for the formation of pure LDH were specified for several couples of divalent / trivalent cations, in the presence of bicarbonate ions or EDTA. The pH titration curves allow the determination of the best suited electrolyte compositions for the electrodeposition of LDHs films. Hydrotalcite or Pyroaurite thin films were obtained on conductive substrates (Pt, Au) from the increase of local pH induced by dissolved oxygen or water electrochemical reduction. The following parameters were studied, potential, current and reduction time. The linear electrochemical behaviour of these LDH-modified electrodes was verified for the oxidation of ferricyanide ions or H2O2 and NADH, the products resulting from bio-catalysed reactions. Two types of biosensors, for glucose or lactate determination, were elaborated by electrochemical co-deposition of LDH film and enzyme, glucose oxidase or lactate dehydrogenase. Amperometric sensitivities for glucose or lactate were studied as a function of preparation and operation parameters
Layrac, Géraldine. "Nanoparticules d’hydroxydes doubles lamellaires élaborées à partir de micelles complexes de copolymères hydrosolubles : Synthèse directe en milieu aqueux et étude de la croissance et de la stabilisation." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENCM0010.
Full textIn this work a direct preparation route in water of stable and poorly aggregated colloidal LDH nanoparticles was developed using PAm-b-PAA or PAm-b-PVPA DHBC. These latter contain a ionizable complexing block poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) or poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA) and a stabilizing neutral block poly(acrylamide) (PAm). The preparation is achieved in 2 steps: i) complexing Mg2+ or Cu2+ and Al3+ cations by the DHBC anionic block leading to HPIC micelles; ii) co-hydroxylation of the cations at constant pH. The synthesis of DHBC was performed by RAFT/MADIX polymerization route using monomers and a transfer agent. The mixture of PAA3000-b-PAm10000 copolymer and Mg2+ and Al3+ cations lead to HPIC DHBC/Al3+ micelles that coexist with soluble Mg2+complexes. DHBC/Al(OH)3 colloids are obtained from the DHBC/Al3+ micelles by progressive co-hydroxylation (up to pH 10) of the mixtures. Then partial dissolution of the Al hydroxide and incorporation of Mg2+ induce LDH precipitation in the colloid core. The hydrodynamic size of the colloids (200 to 50 nm) and the size of the individual LDH particles (40 to 20 nm; 3-4 sheets) intercalated by PAA blocks decrease when the complexing degree (R = AA/(Mg+Al)) increases. The critical ratio of complexing function per cation, above which colloidal stability is reached, varies with the polymer asymmetry degree (Am/AA(VPA)), in contrast to the critical number of stabilizing function by cation. This shows that the volume of the neutral chains governs the steric stabilization and the size of the particles. The stability threshold also depends on the DHBC architecture because, at same asymmetry degree, the stability is improved with diblock copolymers compared to triblock copolymers. The properties of the HPIC micelles and of the LDH depend on the nature of the complexing block because the yields of Mg and Al in the HPIC micelles are higher with PAm-b-PVPA than with PAm-b-PAA. After hydroxylation, a 100% yield of LDH in colloidal form is obtained and the particles are of smaller size with the polyphosphonates. The formation mechanism of the colloids depends on the M2+ speciation, because contrary to Mg2+ and Al3+, Cu2+ and Al3+ are simultaneously hydroxylated at low pH.Keywords : Layered double hydroxides (LDH), Double-Hydrophilic-block Copolymers (DHBC), Polymérization RAFT/MADIX, Polyions complex micelles (HPIC), Colloids, Soft chemistry
Ayadi, Sondra. "Nouveaux nanomatériaux hybrides métal/hydroxyde de fer. Synthèse, caractérisation et application à la catalyse chimique et électrochimique." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EVRY0011/document.
Full textWe developed simple, fast and "green" synthesis of new nanohybrids, composed of metal nanoparticles supported on inorganic matrix of iron hydroxide. Their synthesis in suspension involves first, the formation of the FeII-bearing inorganic solid matrix, then the reaction with metal salt solution, in the same reactor. Three inorganic matrices (carbonated or sulfated green rusts (GRc or GRs) and chukanovite Chu) and three metals (Au, Ag and Pt) were studied. The nanohybrids, noted metal-exMatrix, were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and voltammetry. The matrix acts as a reducing agent supplying electrons by solid state oxidation, and also as the support of metal nanoparticles. Two reaction mechanisms with intra- or inter-particle electron transfer are proposed. Nanoparticles sizes vary between 20 and 200 nm. The first application involves the building of amperometric H2O2 sensors. Carbon ink electrodes incorporating silver-based nanohybrids, particularly Ag-exRVs, or platinum, Pt-exChu, provide electrochemical catalytic properties, enabling us to quantify the peroxide by its electrochemical response in reduction or oxidation. For the second application, the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol by borohydride, we showed that our nanohybrids were more efficient catalysts than the best current materials, with similar metal load and temperature
Cenacchi, Pereira Ana Maria. "Synthèse de particules composites anisotropes polymère / inorganique par polymérisation RAFT en émulsion." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067453.
Full textEL, MALKI KHALID. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux hydroxydes doubles lamellaires. Etude des échanges anioniques et de la réticulation. Etude des propriétés electriques et magnétiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF21305.
Full textFaour, Azzam. "Relation entre synthèse, microstructure et propriétés électrochimiques d'hydroxydes doubles lamellaires (HDL)." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00822128.
Full textLangry, Arthur. "Evaluation of IN SITU synthesis route of layered hydroxides in the presence of amphiphilic polymers in comparison with their corresponding physical mixtures." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22603/document.
Full textLayered particle based nano-composites have recently been shown to impart stone impact resistance to automotive coatings by making use of polymer intercalated Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) platelets in a variety of different film morphologies. However the LDH particles used were obtained via coprecipitation of the metal salts in the presence of small organic anions in order to render the Layered Hydroxide particles organophilic and to facilitate the intercalation of carboxylate group bearing matrix polymers. Thus anion exchange in the course of colloidal processing and during film formation leads to the release of ionic species which may deteriorate the coatings barrier function. In order to circumvent objectionable counter ions (involved in the synthesis and the coatings formulation), a novel preparation route for layered hydroxide based hybrid phases has been here investigated combining the polyol route with the IN SITU generation of inorganic platelets, in the presence of amphiphilic polymer as well as bola-amphiphiles. The polyol route consists in hydrolysis in an alcoholic medium containing acetate metal cation as precursor(s), to yield LDH (Zn2Al, LiAl2 cation composition) or LSH-Zn (Layered Single Hydroxide). Bola amphiphile descripts as being some hydrophobic polymer segment-telechelic-chains terminated by two anionic hydrophilic end groups, using of volatile ammonium cation as counter ion. The impact of both process conditions as well as the chosen system with regard to the metal hydroxide framework and the organic counter ions on the morphology of the obtained hybrid phases are presented, discussed and compared to corresponding physical mixture. For the EX SITU approach, the diffusion of large cumbersome polymers or amphiphilic bolas between the inorganic platelets was found to be efficient, mostly driven by an anion exchange reaction between interleaved acetate anions and carboxylate functions of the molecular backbones, and keeping intact the inner-sheet integrity through a topotactic process. The efficiency of the intercalation process was found decreasing to range as LDH-Zn2Al > LDH-LiAl2 >> LSH-Zn, more or less regardless of the guest organic species. Aggregation may happen and cannot be discarded especially when using LiAl2 type platelets and non-neutralized bola. In particular with LSH-Zn, a multi stratified assembly has been observed combining acetate pristine structure and partly bola diffused structure, leading to a biphasic structure, aggregated and intercalated. To the best of our knowledge, observation of LSH-Zn single platelets has never been reported, making of the combined process Polyol/IN SITU an interesting new route in reaching exfoliation. Indeed, it yields to the generation of platelets either LSH or LDH of lateral size ranging between 10 up to 200 nm. However, the platelets were found to be porous; it is considered as a drawback for barrier properties. It is our belief that such porosity may open new insights in “tectonic” architecture by intertwining 2D and 1D-type filler. Rather counter intuitively, EX SITU based on topotactic exchange reaction matches the IN SITU templating reaction in many cases as a function of the dispersion state regardless of the polymer or bolas as well as the platelets cation composition
Lorret, Olivier. "Synthèses par voie sol-gel et caractérisations approfondies par spectroscopie infra-rouge de matériaux multifonctionnels obtenus à partir de précurseurs hydroxydes doubles lamellaires (Mg/Al, Pt/Mg/Al, Zn/Al, Pt/Zn/Al)." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20190.
Full textRapin, Jean-Philippe. "Synthèse et étude cristallochimique de quelques aluminates et ferrites calciques hydratés de formule [Ca2 M(OH)6]+, [X,nH2O]- avec X=Cl, Br, I, ClO4, 1/2CO3 1/2CrO4 et 1/2SO4 et M=Al et Fe." Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0124_RAPIN.pdf.
Full textThis work deals with the synthesis and the crystallographic study of some calcium aluminate and calcium ferrite with structural formulae [Ca2Al1-xFex(OH)6]+ [X, nH2O]-, commonly named "AFm phases" by the cement workers. These compounds belong to the layered double hydroxide (LDH) family and are composed by the stacking of positively charged main layers, and negatively charged interlayers. It was shown that the structural transition of the AFm-Cl phase is due to an ordering of the hydrogen bonds network. The crystallographic structures of several phases, AFm-(Cl, Br), AFm-(Cl, CO3), AFm-(Cl, SO4) and AFm-(CrO4) are given. An application of AFm-Cl like iodide sensor by voltammetric detection is detailed. Finally, calcium ferrite study has shown that a solid solution between aluminium and iron exists. However the substitute of Al3+ by Fe3+ gives some structural modifications, which are clearly emphasised by Mössbauer spectrometry and EXAFS
Clavier, Batiste. "Synthèse, caractérisations et évaluation de l'activité bactéricide de composés inorganiques à base de cuivre." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://cyberdoc-int.univ-lemans.fr/Theses/2019/2019LEMA1041.pdf.
Full textBacterial pathogens causing healthcare-associated-infections pose ongoing and increasing challenges to care facilities. In France, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are responsible for more than 40% of these infections. Due to the permanent adaptation of these bacteria to new antibiotics placed on the market, complementary solutions must be found. One of these solutions proposed in this thesis work aims to exacerbate performances of known bactericidal materials (synergistic effect) or to provide bactericidal properties to non-active compounds by partially substituting magnesium ions by cupric ones or vice versa. New solid solutions were thus highlighted. Solid state reaction, co-precipitation, hydrothermal routes or mechanosynthesis were employed to synthesize micrometer-sized or nanometer-sized particles of those desired compounds. When obtained, X-Ray Diffraction, electron microscopies, dinitrogen adsorption, IR/UV-visible spectroscopies, ThermoGravimetric Analysis-Mass Spectrometry and Atomic Emission Spectroscopy are used to determine the nature, composition and size of those particles as well as their stability in water or CO2 rich atmosphere. The evaluation of bactericidal properties in water and at 20°C showed that the partial substitution of magnesium by copper enhances the activity of compounds both in terms of magnitude and kinetics. These increased performances are not necessarily related to the copper content in the active compound
Swirk, Katarzyna. "Design of new catalysts for chemical CO2 utilization." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS367.
Full textReforming of methane, belonging to the Carbon Capture and Utilization technologies, is considered an attractive route for syngas production. Double-layered hydroxides (DLHs) with Ni, Al2O3, MgO components were reported to have promising properties. Promotion with yttrium, zirconium or cerium also positively influence the catalytic performance. Thus, the goal of this PhD thesis was to evaluate the catalytic behavior of Ni/Mg/Al DLHs promoted with Y, and Zr or Ce in dry reforming of methane (DRM), partial oxidation of methane (POM), partial oxidation combined with methane reforming (CRPOM), and tri-reforming of methane (TRM). The catalysts were characterized by XRD, XRF, N2 sorption, TPR-H2, TPD-CO2, H2 chemisorption, TEM, HRTEM, TGA and Raman spectroscopy and tested in TPSR from 600 to 850°C, and at 700°C for 5h. In DRM, the Y promotion increased Ni dispersion and SBET, especially with 2 wt.%. Zr and Y co-impregnation resulted in the YSZ phase formation leading to better stability. The Zr and Y introduction during co-precipitation step increased the Ni dispersion and the total basicity, similarly as for Ce and Y promoted materials. In the oxidative reforming, HTNi and HTNi-Y2.0 were tested. In POM, both were active and stable with H2/CO≈2.0. CRPOM tests showed higher CH4 conversion, but lower for CO2 as compared to DRM. Addition of O2 in the gas feed greatly contributed to the C removal. The carbon formation was inhibited when CO2/H2O=1 during TRM tests. However, with CO2/H2O=0.5, a high amount of C was formed, and the structural stability of Y-catalyst was negatively influenced as periclase was transformed into hydroxides
Roffat, Michaël. "Synthèse de titanate de lithium et de lanthane (LLTO) pour la réalisation de couches minces et épaisses : application à la réalisation de microélectrodes totalement solides pour la détection du pH." Le Mans, 2009. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2009/2009LEMA1017.pdf.
Full textThe thesis challenge was based first on the realization of thin coatings, then of thick and no porous coatings of lithium lanthanum titanates of the series Li3xLa2/3-xTiO3 (LLTO). This oxide is a fast Li+ conductor with an ionic conductivity of σ = 10-3 S cm-1 at 25 °C. At first, a solution chemistry synthesis was chosen and developed to prepare coatings of LLTO on an appropriated wafer. The EISA (Evaporation Induced Self-Assembly) method was used, but these coatings (250 nm) are very porous and could find an application for gas sensors. For pH sensors or reference electrode applications, thick and non porous coatings are required. The DATEC process was used in this context. These films were realized with a slurry composition having ceramic powders and precursors sol-gel solution. LLTO thick coatings (10 μm) were obtained. These new materials are very interesting for an all-solid-state reference electrode
Di, Bitetto Arnaud. "Étude structurale et dynamique d’hydroxydes doubles lamellaires : du matériau carbonaté aux hybrides organo-minéraux." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0191/document.
Full textThis thesis work is based on the synthesis and the characterization of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) by an approach combining vibrational spectroscopy, solid-state NMR and X-ray diffraction. The objectives include a description of the cations distribution in the layers, as well as a study of the structural and dynamic properties of the interlayer species. Investigations are mainly carried out for MgII/AlIII LDHs (ratio between 2 and 4) with an increased complexity of the intercalated species: from carbonate for which the materials have a preferential affinity, to other inorganic anions such as halides, perchlorate and nitrate, to finish with organo-mineral hybrids obtained by intercalation of organic anions/biomolecules (amino acids and cyclodextrins).The research carried out highlighted a local cationic order in the layers, preserved after anionic exchange. Furthermore, it has been possible to rationalize the behaviour of each anion in the interlayer space, which strongly depends on the layers charge density, as well as on the hydration state of the compounds. In particular, the coexistence between carbonate and hydrogenocarbonate anions in the interlayer space and their dynamic exchange with atmospheric carbon dioxide are revealed. On the other hand, a new interlayer dynamics probe by 27Al NMR is proposed. Finally, the step-by-step study of LDHs, first intercalating oxalate and then amino acids, allowed the transfer of the knowledge obtained for inorganic LDHs to organo-mineral hybrids. The manuscript ends with an application of cyclodextrins-containing hybrids for the treatment of water polluted with polycyclic organic compounds
Dussault, Laurent. "Etude physico-chimique d'oxydes mixtes issus d'hydroxydes doubles lamellaires. : Application à la synthèse de nanofilaments de carbone." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421914.
Full textLa première partie du mémoire concerne l'étude d'une série d'oxydes à base de nickel, cuivre, magnésium et aluminium, obtenus par calcination des HDL précurseurs à 450°C. La caractérisation structurale et l'étude de l'acido-basicité des oxydes mixtes en fonction de leur composition ont été réalisées. Elles s'appuient sur l'utilisation complémentaire de différentes méthodes analytiques physico-chimiques donnant accès à des informations concernant à la fois la structure, la composition et la morphologie des cristaux obtenus(DRX, ATG, analyse chimique, SPX...), ou permettant la caractérisation de leurs propriétés acido-basiques (adsorption de molécules sondes suivie par microcalorimétrie et SPX).
La seconde partie du travail est consacrée à l'utilisation des oxydes mixtes obtenus après calcination à 800°C pour la synthèse de nanofilaments de carbone à partir de la décomposition catalytique du méthane. Après une étude détaillée des oxydes mixtes, les nanofilaments produits ont été caractérisés à l'aide de différentes techniques, notamment la microscopie électronique à transmission. Les données physico-chimiques obtenues ont mis en évidence les relations entre les caractéristiques du catalyseur (composition, mode de synthèse, propriétés...) et le type des nanofilaments (tubes, fibres) obtenus.
Maugard, Thierry. "Synthèse par amidification enzymatique d'amines hydroxylées N-acylées." Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0039.
Full textMoneta, William. "Synthèse et propriétés complexantes d'iminocyclophanes porteurs de groupements hydroxyles ou méthoxyles convergents." Grenoble 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10093.
Full textDEPEGE, CORINNE. "Synthese et caracterisation de nouveaux catalyseurs de type hydroxydes doubles lamellaires." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF21666.
Full textLensen, Nathalie. "Synthese d'aldehydes alpha hydroxyles chiraux et alpha amines chiraux." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066227.
Full textKadleciková, Katarina. "Synthèse des nouveaux benzo et hétéroanalogues d'alcaloi͏̈des indolozidiniques hydroxylés." Le Havre, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LEHA0002.
Full textIn this thesis, we synthesised new aromatic analogs of indolizidine alkaloids. We used the (S)-N-(phénylméthyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid as a chiral starting material in the synthesis of benzoanalogs of the tylophorine, the swainsonine and the lentiginosine alkaloids. The synthesis of benzoanalogs of the tylophorine was achieved in 4 steps and good overall yields (30. 9% and 27%). The synthesis of benzoanalogs of the swainsonine and the lentiginosine was accomplished in 9 steps in overall yields 6. 4% and 1. 3% (swainsonine) and de 10. 7% and 3. 4% (lentiginosine). We also developed a new simple methodologie for the preparation of 7-ethyl-substitued octahydroindolizines based on the desulfuration of the hexahydrothieno[2,3-f]indolizinones through hydrogenation on Raney nickel
Chioua, Karima. "Synthèse énantiosélective et mise en oeuvre de réactifs de Wittig "delta"-hydroxyles chiraux." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20194.
Full textPEGORIER, LAURENT. "Synthese stereocontrolee d'isosteres de dipeptides hydroxy-ethylene et d'acides -hydroxyles -amines." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066665.
Full textPERNIN, RENAUD. "Octandrenolone, o-methyloctandrenolone et derives hydroxyles : synthese et recherche d'activites biologiques." Besançon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BESA2042.
Full textCharissou, Isabelle. "Synthèse hydrothermale d'oxyde et d'hydroxyde nanométriques : zircone (ZrO2) et boehmite (AlOOH)." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0022.
Full textArrault, Axelle. "Réactivité de composés hydroxyles aromatiques et hétéroaromatiques : synthèses et propriétés pharmacologiques d'imidazolines." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2001.
Full textBeaujolais, Virginie. "Cavités moléculaires chirales à groupements hydroxyles convergents : synthèses et étude de complexation." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10148.
Full textPlehiers, Mark. "Synthèse de dérivés piperidiniques b-hydroxyles di-et trisubstitues par application de l'oxydation anodique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212609.
Full textEstrade, Patricia. "Approches enzymatiques de la synthèse de molécules hydroxylées par des champignons filamenteux." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10144.
Full textQUINTON, PATRICK. "Utilisation de glycals convenablement proteges pour la synthese de metabolites hydroxyles d'acides gras." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR13171.
Full textAngelo, Da Silva Monique. "Tensioactifs hydroxylés comme agent de croissance pour la synthèse de nanoparticules anisotropes d’or." Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENCR0019.
Full textGold nanorods (AuNRs) have attracted great interest owing to their particular optical properties, strongly dependent on the size and aspect ratio (thickness/length), and thus their potential applications in optics and medicine (therapy, cancer diagnosis. . . ). In this context, the development of new strategies for the synthesis of anisotropic nanorods with high yields and selectivities remains a challenge towards an effective control of the size and morphology. Among the different preparation routes, the seed mediated method is most commonly used, especially in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a growth-driving agent. To our knowledge, few works have been reported in the literature in presence of other growth driving agents. In this context, we have developed a novel family of growth driving agents, N,N-dimethyl-N-cetyl-N-hydroxyalkylammonium salts (HAAX), producing gold nanorods with high yields and selectivities in water. These surfactants have good solubility in water and are easily synthesized in good yields and different structural parameters could be modulated such as : i ) the length of the lipophilic chain (C12 , C16 , C18), ii ) the nature of the counter ion by anionic metathesis (X- = F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, HCO3 - and BF4 -), and more particularly iii) the hydroxylated polar head. The gold nanoparticles obtained by the seed mediated method were characterized by UV -vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, showing the influence of the surfactant on the morphology and on the size (aspect ratio). Thus, this family of easily tunable ammonium salts allows access to various shapes and sizes of gold nanoparticles according to the desired target and opens interesting perspectives in terms of applications
TUCH, AROUNARITH. "Synthese d'aminoalcools et d'aminoacides hydroxyles chiraux d'interet biologique a partir de l'acide d-isoascorbique." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066716.
Full textPapin, Arnaud. "Etude expérimentale et spectroscopique de la cristallochimie du manganèse dans les silicates hydroxylés." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001766.
Full textLe manganèse, qui possède plusieurs états de valence, se traduisant par des valeurs de rayon ionique variées, est susceptible d'occuper différents sites dans les silicates ferromagnésiens, comme dans les oxydes et bien d'autres composés.
Dans les clino-amphiboles, de type trémolite, et de type richtérite prise comme modèle des clino-amphiboles sodi-calciques, comme dans les phyllosilicates 2:1, talc, phlogopite et clintonite, l'importance des contraintes stériques sur la capacité d'incorporation du manganèse et sa possible distribution dans les différents sites des structures concernées a été démontrée. La multiplicité des sites aptes à accueillir le manganèse permet sa distribution sur l'ensemble des sites octaédriques M1,2,3 et antiprisme pseudo-cubique M4 des clino-amphiboles, comme des phyllosilicates 2:1 en sites M1 et M2 et potentiellement en position interfoliaire.
Cette étude montre que le manganèse divalent peut effectivement se distribuer sur l'ensemble des sites M dans la manganocummingtonite, équivalent manganifère de la trémolite. Dans les clino-amphiboles de type richtérite, synthétisées en conditions oxydantes, la présence du manganèse en sites octaédriques M1,2,3 provoque un changement d'état de valence 2+ ® 3+, qui entraîne une non-protonation locale voire totale de l'amphibole, comme dans la ungarettiite, NaNa2( )Si8O22O2, décrite dans le milieu naturel, et dont les conditions de stabilité ont été déterminées au cours de ce travail.
De même, dans les phyllosilicates, on montre la possibilité d'occupation de différents sites par Mn2+, les sites M, mais aussi le site interfoliaire dans la clintonite. Dans le talc, le remplacement de Mg2+ par Mn2+ est restreint à moins de 20%, pour des raisons d'adaptation dimensionnelle entre couches tétra- et octaédriques. Par contre, la souplesse structurale des micas permet une incorporation plus élevée de Mn2+. L'association du manganèse divalent avec des éléments de plus faible taille, tels que l'aluminium, le magnésium ou le zinc, dans les micas de type phlogopite, permet, pour des raisons stériques, de stabiliser leur structure. En conditions oxydantes, Mn3+, de plus faible rayon ionique que Mn2+, contribue aussi à cette adaptation, comme dans la norrishite, K( Li)Si4O12, ce qui entraîne, comme dans les amphiboles, une non-protonation.
Bello-Roufai, Nassirou. "Synthèse et structure de dérivés soufres, hydroxyles et phosphoribosyles d'isocannabinoïdes et de tétrahydrocannabinols." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375958234.
Full textDavid, Michèle. "Phenols a chaine ortho allylique hydroxylee : syntheses et heterocyclisations en milieu acide." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN1T086.
Full textHoullemare, Didier. "Allylation de dérivés carbonylés dans l'eau. Synthèse et réactivité de sélénoéthers β-hydroxylés delta-insaturés." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES076.
Full textDuffault, Jean-Marc. "Elaboration des systemes dieniques alpha-hydroxyles : application a la synthese des dimorphecolates et coriolates de methyle." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066129.
Full textDiallo-Garcia, Sarah. "Hydroxyapatites, un système basique atypique modulable par la synthèse : vers l'identification des sites actifs." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066384.
Full textHydroxyapatites (HAp) are basic materials whose atypical catalytic properties, in particular their high selectivity in n-butanol from ethanol’s conversion, are yet to be rationalised. Modulation of their synthesis parameters as well as their ability toward substitution allowed us to use their versatility in terms of composition, stoechiometry and morphology in order to highlight the relationships existing between structure and acid-base properties. Indeed, at a macroscopic level, stoechiometry – represented by the bulk Ca/P ratio- and morphology are the two key parameters controlling the basicity of those materials. Even if the difference of composition between the bulk and the surface is yet to be made, the decrease in the number of OH groups, whether related to under-stoechiometry or to the occurrence of a mix between Hap and another calcium phosphate OH-deprived phase, leads to a fall-off in basic reactivity. This points toward a central part of these species at a molecular level. To identify the nature of the superficial sites involved in the catalytic process, we implemented a procedure, notably though isotopic marking , so as to discriminate the IR and NMR spectroscopic signatures of the bulk and surface OH and PO-H groups. Then, the implication of those surperfical species was investigated by the adsorption of acidic probe molecules such as CO2, acetylene, propyne and basic probe molecules: CO and pyridine. If CO2 leads to a surface and bulk carbonation of the material, surface OH and PO-H groups do interact with protic probes. On the opposite, those adsorptions highlighted that on the one hand cation are not always accessible on the surface and on the other hand PO4 groups do not seem to interact with protic probe molecules. Those investigations led us to propose the implication of an atypical OH/PO-H pair which, associated with the important proton mobility existing in HAp, could explain the odd propensity of HAp to selectively form n-butanol from ethanol in the Guerbet reaction
Louvel, Julien. "Acces stéréo-et énantiosélectif aux aminoalcools acétyléniques et aux stéréotriades O, N, O acétyléniques : applications à la synthèse totale d'alcaloïdes naturels hydroxylés." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066474.
Full textBex, Giard Myriam. "Contribution a la synthèse de la 4-hydroxyisoleucine : un antidiabétique non insulino-dépendant." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES080.
Full textBRUNET, GRIFFART DOMINIQUE. "Utilisation de l'acide (s)-pyroglutamique comme source de chiralite pour la synthese de pyrrolidines hydroxylees." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112064.
Full textMeyer, Michaël. "Synthèse et propriétés d'organisation de particules plaquettaires d'hydroxyde de nickel dispersées par voie électrostatique." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066386.
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