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Academic literature on the topic 'Hygiene and sanitation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hygiene and sanitation"

Gomathi, Ms S., Ms P. Latha Theresa, and S. Jasmine Debora. "WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene : A Review." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-1 (December 31, 2017): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd7012.

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Reddy, B. Suresh, and M. Snehalatha. "Sanitation and Personal Hygiene." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2011): 381–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097152151101800305.

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Jiastuti, Titis. "Higiene Sanitation Management of Food and The Existence of Bacteria in The Food in RSUD Dr. Harjono Ponorogo." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 10, no. 1 (August 14, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v10i1.2018.13-24.

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Hygienic and healthy food into the basic principles of the organization of food in hospitals. Food service hospital dedicated to the sick and at risk of pathogen contamination of germs. Implementation of food in the hospital must comply with Kepmenkes Decree No. 1204/Menkes/SK/X/2004 on Environmental Health Requirements Hospital. The purpose of this study is the management of food hygiene sanitation Identify at Hospital Dr. Harjono Ponorogo. This study is a descriptive observational. Object of the research officer food handlers, food hygiene, sanitation management, and food microbiological test (examination of E. coli and Salmonella). Collecting data using questionnaires, observation sheets, and test laboratory. Hygiene of food handlers who do not qualify the use of personal protective equipment, training of hygiene sanitation, and health screening. Sanitation management of food that does not qualify the quality of food, the food processing and presentation of food, while 9 samples prepared food laboratory test results 5 (55.6%) positive samples of E. coli. The conclusions in Hospital Dr. Harjono Ponorogo increase efforts to hygiene of food handlers and food sanitation management. Expected medical examination should be routinely expected 2 times a year, improving sanitation facilities that support the management of food hygiene, as well as water proofing regularly twice a year.

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Girmay, Aderajew Mekonnen, Sirak Robele Gari, Bezatu Mengistie Alemu, Martin R. Evans, and Azage Gebreyohannes Gebremariam. "Determinants of Sanitation and Hygiene Status Among Food Establishments in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Environmental Health Insights 14 (January 2020): 117863022091568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178630220915689.

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Introduction: Despite advancements in food science and technology, foodborne disease remains one of the major public health problems. Poor sanitation and hygiene conditions of food establishments are the major causes for the occurrence of foodborne disease. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate core determinants of sanitation and hygiene status among food establishments. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Addis Ababa city. A stratified random sampling technique was deployed to select 413 study participants. Data were collected through interview and using observational checklist. Sample size was determined by using a single population proportion formula. To analyze the data, binary logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. In all analysis, P-value less than .05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The study revealed that 57.4% of the food establishments were under poor sanitation status. In the multivariable analysis, presence of trained managers on hygiene and sanitation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.10 with 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.41-15.45), presence of renewed licenses (AOR = 3.07 with 95% CI: 1.18-7.99), absence of bureaucratic function to obtain permission to renew the food establishment buildings (AOR = 2.43 with 95% CI: 1.25-4.70), and presence of at least 10-m distance between toilet and kitchen (AOR = 9.19, at 95% CI: 5.63-15.02) were associated significantly with sanitation and hygiene status. Conclusions: Above average of the food establishments were found to be in poor sanitation and hygiene state. Many core determinant factors that influence sanitation and hygienic status of food establishments were identified. The researchers suggest that formal training on sanitation and hygiene for managers of food establishments should be provided to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases. Moreover, strong food and water safety policy and strategy should be promulgated to improve sanitation and hygiene status of food establishments.

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Suryani, Dyah, and Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti. "Higiene dan Sanitasi pada Pedagang Angkringan di Kawasan Malioboro Yogyakarta." Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 15, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/jkk.15.1.70-81.

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Foodborne disease more of the cases caused by poor food handling techniques, and contamination occurs when served. Food handler hygiene and sanitation are the key to be success in processing safe and healthy foods. Poor sanitation hygiene can be affect the quality of the food. It cause consumer health level who is consume these food. If the hygiene and sanitation of food bad it could result in health problems. Based on this background, the study are interested in knowing the factors related to sanitation hygiene in angkringan traders in the Malioboro area. This study was observasional analitic with cross sectional design. The study sample was angkringan traders in Malioboro area with 40 angkringan traders. Sampling technique with total sampling. The instruments used questionnaire and checklist sheets. Data analysis used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Fisher statistical test. The results of the study statistics test for 40 angkringan traders, showed that 32 traders had high knowledge (80%), 36 traders had a good attitude (90%), 29 traders had poor sanitation facilities (72.5%), 26 traders had bad hygiene sanitation (65%). There is no relationship between knowledge (p=0,222), attitude (p=1,000) with hygiene sanitation of traders. There is a relationship between sanitation facilities and hygiene sanitation traders (p=0,029).Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, sanitation facilities, hygiene, sanitation.

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Rizqi, Izza Anzili, and Zaeni Budiono. "HYGIENE SANITASI PEMBUATAN SOHUN PT. SOKA INDAH DESA KARANGSOKA KECAMATAN KEMBARAN KABUPATEN BANYUMAS TAHUN 2018." Buletin Keslingmas 38, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/keslingmas.v38i2.4872.

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Sohun is a dry food product made from starch with a distinctive shape. Utilization of vermicelli is still limited as a mixture of foods such as soup, soup, meatballs, kimlo and salad. Sohun is often used in vegetarian food or is added in drinks, sweets or dessert soups. Along with the use of vermicelli, consuming noodles should pay attention to the quality of the noodles. Improper quality of noodles can interfere with health, decreased health status due to poor sanitary hygiene conditions. The purpose of this research is to know the score of assessment of applying sanitation hygiene making of vermicelli at PT. Soka Indah Karangsoka Village Kembaran Sub-district Banyumas Regency In 2018. The results showed the scores of sanitation hygiene scores on the selection of foodstuffs were eligible because of the 100% score. Storage of foodstuffs, food processing, food transport, food packaging, food storage and sanitation facilities are not eligible for a score of 76%. Sanitary condition of making vermicelli as a whole did not meet the requirement because obtained score 58.4%. Hygiene sanitation making vermicelli PT. Soka Indah Karangsoka Village Kembaran Sub-district Banyumas Regency is not eligible, sanitation hygiene problem can be overcome with special attention to improve the hygienic principles of sanitation of vermicelli management from the selection process of foodstuff, food storage, food processing, food transportation, food packaging and food storage, sanitation facilities and conditions of temperature, humidity and lighting in each workspace of PT. Soka Indah

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Hasan, AHM, Fakir Sameul Alam, Md Tufael Hossain, and Maksuda Begum. "Sanitation status of a rural area of Mymensingh." Community Based Medical Journal 7, no. 2 (September 5, 2018): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v7i2.55453.

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In Bangladesh majority of people live in rural area. Sanitation is important for health promotion, and disease prevention. To know sanitary condition of rural people of Mymensingh, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and the sampling technique was purposive. Data were collected on a pre-designed questionnaire by direct interviewing the respondents. Sanitation status was assessed by scoring on selected components of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. A total of 514 villagers (202 male, 312 female) participated in the study. Age of respondents ranged from 10 years to 75 years; mean age was 36.23 years with a standard deviation of ±13.736 years. Females were mostly housewives (92%), males were mostly farmers (37%). Among respondents 96% had own house, 58% had cultivable land and 26% were poor. Sanitation in this study included personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Scoring was done based on correct response on selected items of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation (80% and more: excellent, 60 to 79 percent: good, below 60 percent: bad). Personal hygiene practices included were daily bathing, hand washing with soap and water in relevant occasions, washing vegetables, fruits, covering cooked and served food. About 95% had excellent score on personal hygiene. This excellent score was more observed among respondents with increasing age, female sex, service holders, housewives and better socioeconomic condition. Environmental sanitation included safe water supply, sanitary latrine, good house, no animal in house and if present kept in cattle shed in safe distance, hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse. 95% had safe water supply, 75% had water seal latrine, 44% had good house and 26% had no animals. Those who kept animals only 23% kept them in cattle shed in safe distance. Hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse were 25% and 43.4% respectively. Environmental sanitation based on safe water supply and water seal latrine was excellent and good respectively but based on other 4 components the status was not satisfactory. Despite hardship,sanitary conditions were better thanthe results of other studies in Bangladesh and in other developing countries. Hygiene practices were praiseworthy. Improvement of socioeconomic condition and continuous health education will further improve the situation. CBMJ 2018 July: Vol. 07 No. 02 P: 34-41

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Chikwature, Whatmore, and Emilia Chikwature. "Factors Contributing To Low Sanitation Coverage In Mutare Rural Ward 15 Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 14 (February 28, 2019): 3104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v14i0.8163.

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The research was carried out to investigate the causes of low sanitation and hygiene coverage in Mutare rural ward 15 in Manicaland province, Zimbabwe. The study aimed at establishing factors contributing to low sanitation and hygiene coverage as well as determining the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the community members on sanitation and hygiene. The study was carried out in Mutare rural Ward 15. The community members and programme implementers were selected as study elements. Information was gathered using focus group discussion, interviews and observations. Data collected was presented quantitatively using tables and also qualitatively, providing facts. The stratified and purposive probability sampling was used to draw out household members in the study population. Other subjects in the research included 2 sanitation and hygiene programme implementers, one from Ministry of Health & Child Care and Mutare rural Ward 15 Councilor respectively. The research findings revealed that, low sanitation and hygiene was due to, the community’s negative attitude towards sanitation and hygiene programs, their cultural values, inadequate resources, lack of supervision, as well as the type of soil. This study concluded that knowledge, attitudes and practices of the community, inadequate supervision and resources as well as the type of soil contributed to low sanitation and hygiene coverage. The research therefore recommended that, the community be adequately educated and be provided with enough resources so as to increase coverage in sanitation and hygiene

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Shilunga, Anna P. K., Hans J. Amukugo, and Kabwebwe H. Mitonga. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary schools learners on sanitation and hygiene practices." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 8 (July 23, 2018): 3197. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183051.

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Background: Water, sanitation and hygiene played a significant role in schools by reducing water and sanitation related diseases; subsequently improving the health and learning performance of school-aged children. However, ppeople’s knowledge and attitudes on sanitation and hygiene determine the actual practice towards it. This study aimed at assessing and describing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary school learners towards sanitation and hygiene.Methods: A quantitative, descriptive design was used. A questionnaire was used to collect data among 450 learners in 10 selected primary schools in Ohangwena region. The study population was grade five, six and seven primary school learners. A three staged probability sampling method was employed. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.Results: The result indicated that younger learners in lower school grades, has poorer knowledge, attitudes and practices towards hygiene and sanitation than older learners irrespective of their gender, school circuits or location. This is a logical conclusion because, as learners become older, they become more aware and take precautions about hygiene and sanitation issues.Conclusions: Younger learners in lower school grades, has poorer knowledge, attitudes and practices towards hygiene and sanitation irrespective of their gender, school circuits or location. The older learners become more aware, and cautious about hygiene and sanitation issues comparing to younger learners. The practice and knowledge of sanitation and hygiene are implicated by the reality of the conditions of the sanitation facilities available to them.

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Hariyati, Nabila, Moch Agus Krisno Budiyanto, and H. Husama. "The Relationship of Sanitation Hygiene of Grilled Sausage at Car Free Day (CFD) Malang to Bacteria Colonies Number." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 19, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v19i2.6332.

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The number of bacteria in the grilled sausage is affected by sanitation hygiene. Aspects of hygiene sanitation include food handlers, equipment, presentation, means of peddlers, and merchant centers. If these five aspects do not meet the standards then it can trigger the occurrence of food contamination by microorganisms. This study aims to determine whether there is a hygiene relationship sanitation traders on the number of bacterial colonies roasted sausages in the car free day (CFD) of Malang City. Data collection using observation sheet referred to Decree of Minister of Health, Number 942/MENKES/SK/VII/2003. Data in the form of hygiene sanitation score. Product moment correlation is used to analyze the presence or absence of relationship between variables. Result of research indicate that there is relation of sanitation hygiene of merchant to the number of bacteria in burning sausage in Car Free Day (CFD) Malang. Keywords: hygiene sanitation, grilled sausage, the number of bacteria

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hygiene and sanitation"

Njingana, Sikhanyisele. "Role of water as a resource in hygiene and sanitation." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6810.

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Magister Philosophiae (Land and Agrarian Studies) - MPhil(LAS)
Water supply and sanitation remain a huge problem in townships and rural areas of South Africa, in effect affecting the water supply, hygiene and health of marginalized communities. Following democracy in 1994, South Africa’s new government embarked on a program of eradicating backlogs in water supply and sanitation that had become endemic under apartheid in townships and rural areas. In addition, South Africa’s constitution categorically states that every citizen has a right to a minimum of basic water supply and sanitation. Internationally, access to basic water supply and sanitation are fundamental human rights. Thus the South African government aims is to ensure that all South Africans have access to basic water and sanitation services. This study investigated the quantity and quality of water and how these effect sanitation and hygiene of communities using Walmer Township in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality as a case study. The study used a multi-pronged methodological approach including structured interviews with a sample of households, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observations and secondary information. Although the Walmer Community felt that they had access to sufficient quantity of water for their daily use and that the quality of the water was fine, the reality was that most households use less than the daily minimum amount of water per person as required in the constitution because of the distance where they have to fetch the water, which is too far to collect more water than they absolutely need. There is need for municipality to provide more stand pipes in order to reduce the distance that most households have to walk to fetch water. 80% of Walmer residents still use the bucket system, which is the issue that the community is more aggrieved about. One of the reasons the bucket system persists is the unplanned development of the Township and the type of dwellings (mostly shacks) that people still use. Also, the Township has grown and mushroomed organically as a result of the constant influx of people looking for better economic opportunities from rural areas or other urban areas. This makes it very difficult for the municipality to plan for and provide services and infrastructure as the Municipality is always playing catch-up. Worse still, the average number of people that use each bucket toilet (over 80) makes it extremely difficult to maintain the toilets clean and in functional and usable state at all times. Another problem is that the buckets, in particular those managed by the municipality, are not collected as scheduled resulting in spill-over of the toilets. Most of all, there are currently no clear arrangements around management and maintenance of the bucket toilets. Therefore the impact that the bucket system has on the residents’ health and hygiene, and the general Township environment is dire. The uncontrolled and continuing influx of people into Walmer Township has led to very high population density, with the average number of people per household up to ten. Most people of working age in these households are unemployed, which means that most households in the Township depend on social grants for survival. The high unemployment rate and dependency on social grants by most households in Walmer Township means that the community cannot afford to pay for services and therefore depend on amenities provided by the Municipality. The majority of the population of Walmer Township depends on basic services provided by the Municipality. These are provided as public amenities available to all Walmer residents, which makes them largely ‘open access’. This has resulted in poor management and poor maintenance of these amenities. The unhygienic state of most of the bucket toilets and the poor state of water stand taps is as a result of this current management arrangement. It would improve management of these public amenities if a system of locating stand taps and bucket toilets to specific households that could limit access and use to these defined groups of households was introduced. These households would then be responsible for maintaining and managing use of the specific and allocated amenities. The current management arrangements for these public amenities point to the fact that there is currently lack of participatory planning and management between the Municipality and the community. The Municipality takes top-down decisions resulting in disjuncture between the Municipality and the Community in terms of real community needs, provision of these needs, and how they should be serviced and managed.

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Tsang, Hing-kwan. "A review of indices for building hygiene and community cleanliness in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B34737480.

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Heinemann, Céline [Verfasser]. "Hygiene management in farm animal housing : Assessment of hygiene indicators and critical points in sanitation / Nina Céline Heinemann." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1240761236/34.

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Steffen, Kelsey A. "Barriers to Implementation of a Health, Hygiene, & Sanitation Program: Chennai, India." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1457.

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In India poor sanitation accounts for 1,600 daily deaths of children under the age of five (Dasra, 2012). The societal and environmental conditions in India and many other developing countries have continuously stood as barriers to facilitating changes in sanitation behavior. Efforts made to improve hygiene have continuously faced opposing forces including major gaps between the supply and demand of sanitation. This paper will focus on one pilot program conducted in Chennai, India over the summer of 2014. This program was designed to teach school children safe sanitation and hygienic habits by providing a guiding tool to teachers. The study analyzed qualitative observational data collected over the seven-week pilot program period to identify the barriers to implementation experienced in this case study. The results indicate that the school administration was the greatest barrier to implementation in this case study. The results also highlight the contextual sensitivity of each of the barriers and their relationships to one another. The findings suggest that depending on the context of implementation of a health, hygiene, and sanitation program these barriers may be re-ordered in hierarchy to work towards achieving sustainable programs.

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Manase, Gift. "Cost recovery for sanitation services : the case of poor urban areas in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274072.

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Mpofu, Claudius. "Adopting a resilience lens in managing decentralized water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) systems." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-236974.

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Climate change and increased pressure on water resources through urban and peri-urban population growth present some major uncertainties to the sustainable provision of good quality water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, particularly to small-scale decentralized systems which are considered more vulnerable compared to centralized systems. The concept of “resilience” could be useful when dealing with such uncertainties. It deals with planning for shocks and stressors which could help address long-term water security and sanitation challenges. The aim of this research is to explore the relevance of the concept of resilience in dealing with uncertainties for decentralized WASH systems. Through literature review, interviews (n=22) and group discussions (n=18), the relevance of the 7 resilience principles, developed by SRC, to WASH planning for decentralized systems was explored. WHO community water and sanitation planning guidelines were reviewed to determine how resilience could add useful aspects to management of decentralised WASH systems. Results showed that the resilience concept is important in planning and management of decentralized WASH systems, since, with the resilience principles as a basis, there is potential to involve different stakeholders to share knowledge, skills and resources across multiple scales. The three resilience principles considered most important from the 7 SRC resilience principles for decentralized WASH were identified as: 1) Broadening participation, 2) Maintenance of diversity and redundancy, and 3) Management of slow changing variables and feedbacks. Other important WASH aspects missing from the resilience principles were: 1) Contextuality, 2) Accountability, 3) Equity and human rights, 4) Monitoring and maintenance, 5) Resource capacity. Two case studies served as examples of how decentralized WASH systems are managed in a high-income country (Värmdö, Sweden) and a low/middle income country (MSETO, Kenya). In both cases, applied resilience principles were identified together with areas of improvement. With reference to resilience, Värmdö municipality showed strength in the flow of information (connectivity) between actors but lacked integrated WASH planning guidelines and diversity of water supplies. The MSETO project exhibited strength in overlapping responsibilities (polycentric governance) but lacked management of slow changing variables and feedbacks, linked to the lack of adequate re-sources. The analysis of WHO Water Safety Plans and sanitation safety planning guidelines through the resilience framework revealed that the WHO guidelines have a heavy focus on technical aspects and lack an integrated approach involving polycentric governance and complex adaptive system thinking. There is need for the revision of the guide-lines to incorporate community social aspects, strategies of improving water availability and consideration of complex adaptive systems thinking. Municipalities and practitioners are recommended to consider resilience principles as well as the identified missing aspects in WASH planning and interventions. Further research is needed investigating necessary conditions for the application of resilience principles and important trade-offs.

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Tshivhase, Ndiafhi Jeremiah. "Social factors that affect the acceptability of the enviro loo sanitation technology: a case of schools in Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1806.

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Thesis (M. Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2016
The purpose of this study was to investigate the social factors that affect the acceptability of the Enviro Loo sanitation technology in schools. The study adopted the anti-positivism theory. Phenomenology school of thought was used as one of the three schools of thoughts as marked under Anti-positivism. The qualitative research method had its foothold in the fact that social factors, as a human activity, occurs in a particular natural and social environment. Utilising the qualitative research design, the researcher focused on describing and understanding the social factors that influence the acceptability of the Enviro Loo sanitation technology at schools. The study utilised an interview guide to collect data. The advantage of this is that it allowed the researcher to probe and ask for clarification of some answers as given by the respondents The population of this study comprised 35 secondary schools in Limpopo Province that benefited from the implementation of the Enviro Loo sanitation technology system during the 2010/11 financial years. Non-probability sampling was used. The method used to select the schools was convenience sampling as a non-probability sampling technique where subjects are selected because of their convenient accessibility and proximity to the researcher. This is because the researcher was bound by time, money and workforce and because of these limitations, it was almost impossible to randomly sample the entire population. Three sets of focus groups were used as sample, namely; the Provincial Sanitation Task Team (PSTT), School Governing Body (SGB) and Leaner’s Representative Council (LRC). All groups were gender balanced and members participated voluntarily. Nvivo was utilised to analyse data. The audio recordings from the digital voice recorder were transcribed, translated into English, typed into word and thematic analysis was used.

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Webster, James. "Culture's influence: towards understanding stakeholder interactions in rural water, sanitation and hygiene promotion projects." Thesis, Cranfield University, Cranfield University at Silsoe, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/1369.

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Variations frequently occur between the intended and actual outcomes of rural water, sanitation and hygiene promotion projects, even projects that exhibit best practice. As a result, the intended impact of poverty reduction through sustained health improvements is diminished. This thesis establishes that inadequate consideration of culture in interactions between and within project stakeholders is a major reason for these unintended project outcomes. Aspects of individual and group behaviour that are influenced by culture are examined, and an initial conceptual framework of established cultural dimensions developed. This framework is then applied to a broad variety of stakeholder groups: seven end user groups and two implementing agencies in Ethiopia and Uganda; national Governments and international donor organisations. As a result, two new cultural dimensions are proposed. Firstly, concern for public selfimage, defined as ‘the degree to which an individual expresses interest in how others perceive him/herself, and the manner in which the individual seeks to influence that perception’. Secondly, spirituality, defined as ‘the nature and degree of people’s beliefs and practices concerning the existence, nature, and worship of, and connectedness to God, a god, gods, or a greater spiritual whole, and involvement of the divine or greater spirit in the universe and human life’. Aspects of these dimensions that need to be measured are identified. Hierarchies of cultural dimensions are identified where a certain combination of individual or group orientations causes the suppression or even reversal of behaviour in a dimension. Modifications to established cultural dimensions are recommended, especially long-term orientation which the author proposes renaming to ‘resistance to change’. A multidisciplinary approach that reflects the complexities of group behaviour and converges research findings is recommended, including utilising software that simulates complex systems. Recommendations are made for development practitioners, especially to enhance participation, promote femininity and achieve lasting change through training.

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Nahalamba, Sarah Birungi. "Socioeconomic Status, Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Economic Cost of Childhood Diarrheal Diseases in Uganda." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7317.

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Worldwide, diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children aged under 5, yet it is both preventable and treatable. Several studies have established the effects of exposure to inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) on diarrhea prevalence, but little was known on how the interactions of socioeconomic status and WASH influence the economic cost of treatment of diarrhea. This retrospective cross-sectional survey study was focused on assessing the correlation between socioeconomic status, WASH, and household cost of treatment of diarrhea among children aged under 5 in Uganda using the multiple exposure-multiple effect model. Secondary data from the 2015/16 Uganda National Panel Survey were used. At bivariate level of analysis, 5 of 6 independent variables (education level of mother, household expenditure, residence type, source of drinking water, and type of toilet facility) had statistically significant associations with household cost of treatment of diarrhea (p value < .05). The multivariate-hierarchical multiple linear regression indicated that only 3 of the 6 variables significantly predicated household cost of treatment of diarrhea. These were highest education level of mother (p = 0.001), source of drinking water (p = 0.022), and type of toilet facility (p = 0.012). At p value < .05, about 67% of the variation in the cost of treatment was explained by the independent variables. Households with a higher socioeconomic status incurred higher costs of treatment, although those with a lower status experienced the highest prevalence rates. Therefore, policy makers and practitioners could use these findings to employ multiple interventions to address the disease burden and cause behavior change.

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Webster, James. "Culture's influence : towards understanding stakeholder interactions in rural water, sanitation and hygiene promotion projects." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2007. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/1369.

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Books on the topic "Hygiene and sanitation"

Maurer, Isobel M. Hospital hygiene. 3rd ed. London: E. Arnold, 1985.

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Thematic Working Group on Water, Hygiene and Sanitation. Sanitation and hygiene in East Asia. Manila: World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 2010.

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Tundaleva, Irina. Sanitation and hygiene of hairdressing services. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/979063.

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The purpose of the tutorial is to highlight the specifics of sanitary and hygienic requirements for the work of hairdressers and their employees. The specific features of the applied technologies for disinfection of instruments are described. Issues related to the need to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards are highlighted. The section of Microbiology related to the field of hairdressing services is considered. The topics of preventing the spread of infectious diseases are covered in detail, and the types of skin diseases are described. A separate section is devoted to competent care of the scalp and hair, face skin, nails. Meets the requirements for the profession of a hairdresser in accordance with the Federal state educational standard of secondary professional education of the last generation in the specialty 43.02.13 "technology of hairdressing". For students who receive secondary special education in hairdressing specialties.

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Dzimbadzemabwe. National sanitation and hygiene strategy: Accelerating access to sanitation and hygiene : July 2011-June 2015. [Harare]: Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, 2011.

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Hygiene. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1993.

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Nardo, Don. Hygiene. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1993.

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World Health Organization (WHO). Guide to hygiene and sanitation in aviation. 3rd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2009.

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Blythe, M. Focus on food hygiene. Coventry: The Unit, 1986.

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Blythe, M. Focus on food hygiene. Coventry: Coventry Open Tech Unit, 1986.

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Blythe, M. Focus on food hygiene. Coventry: The Unit, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hygiene and sanitation"

Loughney, C. F., and S. R. Brown. "Plant sanitation." In Gracey's Meat Hygiene, 89–112. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118649985.ch5.

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Zolnikov, Tara Rava. "Sanitation and Hygiene." In Autoethnographies on the Environment and Human Health, 67–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69026-1_6.

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Borooah, Vani Kant. "Sanitation and Hygiene." In Health and Well-Being in India, 29–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78328-4_2.

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Marriott, Norman G., M. Wes Schilling, and Robert B. Gravani. "Personal Hygiene." In Principles of Food Sanitation, 93–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67166-6_6.

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Townsend, Daniel C. "Hygiene, Sanitation, and Chemicals." In Foundations of Stage Makeup, 7–14. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429487729-2.

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Tilkes, F. "Sanitation, Desinfektion, Sterilisation." In Hygiene in Krankenhaus und Praxis, 313–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70813-8_38.

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Marriott, Norman G. "Personal Hygiene Sanitary and Food Handling." In Principles of Food Sanitation, 71–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6263-1_4.

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Pickford, John, Peter Barker, Bob Elson, Margaret Ince, Paul Larcher, Derek Miles, Jeremy Parr, et al. "8. Hygiene, Health and Gender." In Water and Sanitation for All, 124–38. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446363.008.

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Tayler, Kevin, Jonathan Parkinson, and Jeremy Colin. "The role of sanitation and hygiene sanitation promotion in developing and informing demand." In Urban Sanitation, 88–101. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780441436.006.

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Rudebeck, Thérèse. "Companies and Water Sanitation and Hygiene." In Corporations as Custodians of the Public Good?, 107–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13225-5_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hygiene and sanitation"

McKenzie, F., D. Watkins, Jr., and B. Barkdoll. "Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Independencia, Peru." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412947.218.

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Umami, Afriza, Bhisma Murti, Tegar Wahyu Yudha Pratama, Istiqlal Fithri, and Dede Nasrullah. "Factors Related to Genital Hygiene Behavior Among Female Underwent Treatment at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.27.

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ABSTRACT Background: Maintaining genital cleanliness is very important for women because intimate organ problems can cause female tract infections. This study aimed to find out the factors associated with genital hygiene behavior in women. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in female underwent treatment at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, Indonesia, from December 2017 to February 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 178 participants, who consisted of 56 cases and 122 controls. The dependent variable was genital hygiene behavior. The independent variables were stress, exposure to social media regarding genital hygiene, environmental sanitation, husband’s education, and support. Logistic regression was employed for data analysis. Results: Genital hygiene behavior increased with exposure to social media related to genital hygiene (OR= 9.20; 95% CI= 3.87 to 21.87, p<0.001), good environmental sanitation (OR= 5.16; 95% CI= 2.19 to 12.14, p<0.001), high husband’s education (OR= 6.49; 95% CI= 2.23 to 18.91, p=0.001) and support (OR= 2.88; 95% CI= 1.24 to 6.67, p=0.013). While women who experienced psychological problems such as stress decreased genital hygiene behavior (OR= 0.25; 95% CI= 0.94 to 0.71, p=0.009). Conclusions: Genital hygiene behavior in women increases with exposure to social media related to genital hygiene, adequate environmental sanitation, high husbands’ income, and support. In contrast, stress decreases women’s behavior in practicing genital hygiene. Keywords: Genital hygiene behavior, social media, environmental sanitation, stress, husband’s education, and support. Corresponding author: Afriza Umami, MPH. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Dóm tér 10 H-6720, Hungary. E-mail: umami.afriza@med.u-szeged.hu DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.27

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Naik, Rishikesh. "298 Raising the bar: water, sanitation & hygiene at workplace." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.411.

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Artina, Vienna, and Wijayanti Prabandasari. "Hygiene and Sanitation at Street Vendors That Sell Around Monas." In Asia Tourism Forum 2016 - the 12th Biennial Conference of Hospitality and Tourism Industry in Asia. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/atf-16.2016.28.

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Budiningsari, R. Dwi, and Ika Ratna Palupi. "Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Food Hygiene and Sanitation, Optimistic Bias of Food Handlers, and their Association with Participation in Food Safety Training at A Hospital in Yogyakarta." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.13.

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Background: Incompatible sanitation hygiene practice during food processing in hospitals is possible due to optimism bias. This bias occurs when food handlers perceive that they are unlikely to cause foodborne illness. There is a lack of studies into this phenomenon. This study aimed to analyze knowledge, attitude, and practice of sanitation hygiene and the optimistic bias of food handlers and their relationship with participation in food safety training. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in April to May, 2019. A sample consisting of all food handlers during the preparation, processing, and serving of food was taken at a hospital in Yogyakarta. Sample data on participation in food safety training, knowledge and attitude toward hygiene and sanitation, and optimistic bias, were collected by face-to-face interview using questionnaire and observation. Knowledge, attitude and practice with a score of more than 70% was categorized as good. The dependent variable was optimistic bias. The independent variable was attending food safety training. The data were tested by Student t. Result: Study subjects had good food safety knowledge, attitude and practices with mean scores of 72.4%, 71.2%, and 97.6%, respectively. Knowledge on sources of contamination was low (25%). More than 50% of food handlers were talking while their worked. The food handlers perceived themselves as less likely to cause a foodborne disease, demonstrating the tendency of an optimistic bias. Food handlers who participated in training (Mean= 6.40; SD= 2.56) perceived themselves at higher risk than the untrained counterparts (Mean= 5.25; SD= 4.42), but this difference was statistically non-significant (p= 0.454). Conclusion: Food handlers have good knowledge, attitude, and practice, but they tend to demonstrate optimistic bias with may cause ignorant of food safety procedure. The optimistic bias must be redressed to improve awareness toward food safety procedure. Keyword: sanitation hygiene, optimism bias, food handlers, food safety training participation Correspondence: Dwi Budiningsari. Department of Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Email: budiningsari@ugm.ac.id. Mobile: 08211969393 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.13

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Indasah. "EFFECT OF COMMUNITY LEAD TOTAL SANITATION ON PERSONAL HYGIENE AND LATRINE OWNERSHIP." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PUBLIC HEALTH. Graduate Studies in Public Health, Graduate Program, Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126. Telp/Fax: (0271) 632 450 ext.208 First website:http//:s2ikm.pasca.uns.ac.id Second website: www.theicph.com. Email: theicph2016@gmail.com, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/theicph.2016.026.

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Hossain, S. M., U. Ara, S. Huq, M. M. Hossain, A. I. Ibne Mahmud, and K. R. Isalm. "KAP STUDY ON HYGIENE AND SANITATION IN A SELECTED RURAL AREA OF BANGLADESH." In International Conference on Public Health. The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/icoph.2017.3111.

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Pihahey, Priscilla Jessica, Bhisma Murti, and Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi. "Personal Hygiene and the Risk of Leprosy: A Meta-Analysis from Case Control Study." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.53.

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ABSTRACT Background: Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) which is transmitted through nasal and oral fluids. The incubation period for M. leprae ranging from 3 years to 20 years. The impact of leprosy is a disability that reduces the quality of life. Social contact to patients can increase the risk of leprosy. This study aimed to determine the relationship between personal hygienic and the risk of leprosy. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review on the Leprosy determinants. This study was conducted by search published articles from PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus, Spinger Link, EBSCO, Google Scholar, Embase, LILACS, Embase, Emerald, PLOS, and Indonesian National Library (Perpusnas) electronic databases. “leprosy OR hansen desease AND risk factor AND Personal hygiene OR sanitation AND odds ratio” keywords were inserted to find related articles. The inclusion criteria were full text, open access article, published from 1949 to 2020, using Indonesian or English language, case control study, and reporting adjusted odds ratio (aOR). The articles were analyzed using PRISMA flow chart and Revman 5.3. Results: 4 articles were met the criteria. A sample of 297 cases and 297 controls was selected for this study. This study reported that poor personal hygiene increased the risk of Leprosy 3.52 times (aOR= 3.52; 95%CI= 2.30 to 5.40; p<0.001). Conclusion: Poor personal hygiene increases the risk of Leprosy. Keywords: personal hygiene, Leprosy, meta-analysis Correspondence: Priscilla Jessica Pihaheys. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: pihaheypriscilla@gmail.com. Mobile: 08114852336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.53

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Fithri, Nayla K., and Rizki Amalia. "A Study on Mothers’ Hygiene, Sanitation, and Exclusive Breastfeeding With Diarrhea Prevention Among Toddlers." In International Conference of Health Development. Covid-19 and the Role of Healthcare Workers in the Industrial Era (ICHD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.201125.051.

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Lubis, Nenni Dwi Aprianti, Sri Amelia, Nurfida K. Arrasyid, and Muhammad Fakhrur Rozi. "Bacterial Assessment among Traditional Food Handlers and Their Behavior Related to Hygiene and Sanitation." In International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramification Researches. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010073404620466.

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Reports on the topic "Hygiene and sanitation"

House, Sarah. Learning in the Sanitation and Hygiene Sector. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.004.

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This SLH Learning Paper summarises the key learning from a rapid topic exploration on 'Learning in the Sanitation and Hygiene Sector'. The study looked at how people in the WASH sector learn, the processes utilised and what works best, as well as the barriers and challenges to learning. It looks at learning from communities and peer-to-peer and how the learning gets translated into action at scale. How do you think we learn best? What barriers do you see and experience that make it more difficult for us to learn? And what steps should be taking to reduce the barriers and improve how to learn more effectively? This paper shares the lessons from sector and associated actors working in low- and middle-income contexts around the world and makes recommendation on how to strengthen learning and sharing processes, as well as building capacities and confidence for learning, with the ultimate aim of turning that learning into action at scale.

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Cavill, Sue, Joanna Mott, Paul Tyndale-Biscoe, Matthew Bond, Chelsea Huggett, and Elizabeth Wamera. Engaging Men and Boys in Sanitation and Hygiene Programmes. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.002.

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This issue of Frontiers of CLTS shares and builds on the learning from a desk study that explores examples of men’s and boys’ behaviours and gender roles in sanitation and hygiene (S&H). Of particular interest is the extent to which the engagement of men and boys in S&H processes is leading to sustainable and transformative change in households and communities and reducing gendered inequality. The review focuses on men and boys: how to engage them (or not), how to mobilise them as allies in the transformation of S&H outcomes and the problems they contribute to and experience.

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Coultas, Mimi. Strengthening Sub-national Systems for Area-wide Sanitation and Hygiene. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.007.

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From late 2020 to early 2021, the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three sub-national areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale and it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the S&H sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya, with UNICEF), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda, with WaterAid) and Moyo District (Uganda, with WSSCC), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The cases were then explored through three online workshops with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. This document presents key findings from this process.

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Kohlitz, Jeremy, and Ruhil Iyer. Rural Sanitation and Climate Change: Putting Ideas into Practice. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.010.

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Climate change is a growing concern that exposes and deepens existing inequities and vulnerabilities with sanitation and hygiene access, use and safe management of facilities. It will continue to challenge the expansion of rural sanitation and hygiene coverage, with climate impacts disproportionately affecting already disadvantaged and marginalised groups. This publication unpacks the reasons behind the limited progress towards addressing climate change in the sanitation and hygiene sector, explores its impacts on rural sanitation and hygiene practices and provides actionable ideas to integrate climate thinking into rural sanitation and hygiene programming.

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Waddington, Hugh, Birte Snilstveit, Howard White, and Lorna Fewtrell. Water, sanitation and hygiene interventions to combat childhood diarrhoea in developing countries. 3ie, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23846/sr0017.

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Hulland, Kristyna, Nina Martin, Robert Dreibelbis, Julia DeBruicker Valliant, and Peter Winch. What factors affect sustained adoption of safe water, hygiene and sanitation technologies? International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23846/srs0002.

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Day, St John, and Tim Forster. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Post-Emergency Contexts: A study on establishing sustainable service delivery models. Oxfam, UNHCR, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2018.3804.

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Cardosi, Jason, and Sergio Perez. Notes on Toilets and Hygiene: Perspectives from Households and Businesses in Port-au-Prince and Carrefour: Optimal Sanitation. Edited by Anamaría Núñez. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000596.

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Mensch, Barbara. School related violence, sanitation facilities at school, and menstrual hygiene management: What is the evidence for their effect on school attendance and learning, and how might population scientists advance this research agenda? Population Council, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy8.1031.

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