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Journal articles on the topic 'Hygiene Services'
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Brzozowski, Bob, and Fred Posey. "Outsourcing Industrial Hygiene Laboratory Services." Synergist 15, no. 8 (2004): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2928473.
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Teter, Jonathan, Michael G. Millin, and Rick Bissell. "Hand Hygiene in Emergency Medical Services." Prehospital Emergency Care 19, no. 2 (November 21, 2014): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10903127.2014.967427.
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Rahmawati, Ulya, Dyah Nur Subandriani, and Yuniarti Yuniarti. "PENGARUH PENYULUHAN DENGAN BOOKLET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PRAKTIK HIGIENE PERORANGAN PADA PENJAMAH MAKANAN." JURNAL RISET GIZI 8, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jrg.v8i1.5226.
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Background: Hygienic and healthy food has become the principle of Food Service. Based on POM RI data in 2015, the causes of Food Poisoning Outbreak on catering services in 2015 were 13 incident (21.31%). This outbreak was happened because of knowledge, attitudes and practices personal hygiene of food handlers were poor.Objective: To analyze the effect of mass-education with booklets on knowledge, attitudes, and practices of personal hygiene among food handlers at J Catering Service Semarang.Method: This study was pre-experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique was used total sampling method with the study subjects were 12 food handlers at J Catering. Data collection were included knowledge, attitudes and practices. The data were analyse by Paired T-test and Wilcoxon test to determine the increase of knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers before and after given education about personal hygiene.Result: There were differences in knowledge and practice of personal hygiene before and after education (p = 0.002). There was no difference in attitudes of personal hygiene before and after education (p = 0.059).Conclusion: Education using booklets has been able to increase knowledge and practices personal hygiene of food handlers.
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RA, Pertiwi Agustina, Lintje Anna Marpaung, and Herlina Ratna Sumbawa Ningrum. "ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PEMUNGUTAN RETRIBUSI PELAYANAN PERSAMPAHAN KEBERSIHAN DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG." PRANATA HUKUM 15, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36448/pranatahukum.v15i1.218.
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The policy of the collection of hygiene waste service in order to increase the regional genuine income has been implemented but not maximally. The implementation is done by planning, implementing a means or a work device that facilitates the implementation of the collection of waste services effectively and efficiently and implement the mechanism of retribution and implement a clear evaluation system. The inhibitory factors of the implementation of the collection of waste services/hygiene is still low understanding of the subject of retribution of local legal products concerning the levy of waste services/hygiene and still low awareness of the subject of retribution to the levy which is considered to be incriminated due to feel the obligation of paying tax to Bandar Lampung city government.
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Chaves, Lucieli Dias Pedreschi, Sílvia Helena Henriques Camelo, Marcela Rezende Silva, Nilce Mara Silva, and Ana Paula Pereira. "HOSPITAL GOVERNANCE, HYGIENE AND CLEANING: NURSE MANAGEMENT SPACE." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 24, no. 4 (November 24, 2015): 1166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-0707201500004010014.
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Governance in hygiene and cleaning has shown to be a trend nowadays in hospital organizations. This is a reflective study that aimed at discussing and theoretically thinking over the implementation of governance services in hospital hygiene and cleaning, identifying possibilities, limitations and challenges posed to the current managerial work of nurses. The services implementation has huge potentials like quick cleaning of units, scaling the replacement of staff in public institutions by outsourcing workers, and appropriateness of the design which are aspects that impact on the safety of users. Limitations concern the human resources capacity-building and proper work in the hospital setting. This service makes room for the managerial work of nurses that are faced with the challenge of adapting the managerial tools used to forecast and provide human and material resources, planning, decision making, supervision and continued education on the specificity of the hospital hygiene and cleaning service.
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Sintia, Faradila, Susilawati ., and Fathmawati . "Gambaran Higiene Sanitasi Pengelolaan Makanan di Rumah Sakit ABC Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat." Jurnal Sehat Mandiri 15, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33761/jsm.v15i1.203.
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Hospital is a health service institution that conducts complete individual health services, which include inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. Hospitals should minimize the source of diseases caused by food, especially for patients who are hospitalized, therefore hospitals must meet the hygiene requirements for food management. This study aims to describe the implementation of food management sanitation hygiene at ABC Hospital Kubu Raya Regency. This was a descriptive study by observing the components of food management sanitation hygiene at ABC Hospital. Data were collected using a checklist. The analysis was done by comparing the results obtained with the assessment component based on the some Minister of Health regulations. The results of this study indicate that some components of food management must be improved in order to ensure the safety and health of users. Further research needs to develop an instrument for assessing food-management sanitation hygiene in a hospital.
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Khader, Yousef Saleh. "Water, sanitation and hygiene in Jordan’s healthcare facilities." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 30, no. 7 (August 14, 2017): 645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-10-2016-0156.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine water availability, sanitation and hygiene (WSH) services, and healthcare waste management in Jordan healthcare facilities. Design/methodology/approach In total, 19 hospitals (15 public and four private) were selected. The WSH services were assessed in hospitals using the WSH in health facilities assessment tool developed for this purpose. Findings All hospitals (100 percent) had a safe water source and most (84.2 percent) had functional water sources to provide enough water for users’ needs. All hospitals had appropriate and sufficient gender separated toilets in the wards and 84.2 percent had the same in outpatient settings. Overall, 84.2 percent had sufficient and functioning handwashing basins with soap and water, and 79.0 percent had sufficient showers. Healthcare waste management was appropriately practiced in all hospitals. Practical implications Jordan hospital managers achieved major achievements providing access to drinking water and improved sanitation. However, there are still areas that need improvements, such as providing toilets for patients with special needs, establishing handwashing basins with water and soap near toilets, toilet maintenance and providing sufficient trolleys for collecting hazardous waste. Efforts are needed to integrate WSH service policies with existing national policies on environmental health in health facilities, establish national standards and targets for the various healthcare facilities to increase access and improve services. Originality/value There are limited WSH data on healthcare facilities and targets for basic coverage in healthcare facilities are also lacking. A new assessment tool was developed to generate core WSH indicators and to assess WSH services in Jordan’s healthcare facilities. This tool can be used by a non-WSH specialist to quickly assess healthcare facility-related WSH services and sanitary hazards in other countries. This tool identified some areas that need improvements.
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Zholus, B. I., and I. V. Petreyev. "History of military hygiene studies in the russian army." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 20, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma12386.
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The issue of teaching in military schools the discipline «military hygiene» is being considered. The experience of the Russian army shows that from the fourth quarter of the 19th century, and until 1917 military hygiene was an academic discipline in the training of cadets and officers. At the same time, programs and textbooks were created, even for training at the accelerated courses of cadets and officers during the First World War. The textbooks contained sections on the basics of international military law, human anatomy and physiology, food hygiene, water supply, placement of military personnel in stationary and field conditions, hygiene uniforms, bath and laundry services, personal hygiene, rules for maintaining the territory and cleaning battlefields. Separate chapters presented the issues of urgent illnesses for the troops and their prevention. At the same time, comparative statistics are provided on the irrecoverable losses of troops from weapons and mainly from diseases. In addition, the textbooks contained information on the organization of the army’s sanitary service, the rules for the arrangement of premises for the sick and wounded were considered. In the applications, even the «highest approved» Instruction for protecting the health of the military ranks of the active army, various methods and tools for hygienic analysis, methods, disinfectants and others were presented. Here you can find a list of control questions on the sections of the discipline and the answers to them, which indicates the control over the assimilation of the material.
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Andres, Luis, Clarissa Brocklehurst, Jonathan Grabinsky, George Joseph, and Michael Thibert. "Measuring the Affordability of Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Services: A New Approach." Water Economics and Policy 06, no. 03 (April 14, 2020): 2050002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x20500022.
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One common method for assessing the affordability of water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services is to compare a household’s reported WASH expenditure, as a proportion of total household expenditure, to a predefined threshold. Another common method is to subtract this reported WASH expenditure from the household’s total income (or expenditure), and then compare that result against a minimum amount needed to purchase other basic goods and services. The innovative, alternative approach to determining affordability introduced in this paper borrows from the method commonly used to draw the monetary poverty line. This offers five advantages over the common methods of investigating the affordability of WASH services. First, it defines a “basket” of WASH services that accounts for the type and level of WASH services that a household receives (and that involves a threshold quality of service, deemed necessary for health and well-being). Second, it makes use of the actual costs of service, therefore moving away from household estimates of WASH expenditure that tend to be inadequate and rarely reflect actual costs. Third, it considers both initial fixed costs and recurring consumption costs, each of which pose their own unique challenges to affordability. Fourth, it makes use of household-level data on access to WASH services, which allows for the grouping of households into categories with distinct policy implications. Finally, this approach facilitates scenario analyses, whereby the impact of different pricing policies can be assessed. This approach is then applied to rural Nigeria, using data from the General Household Survey (GHS) 2015–16, to demonstrate its utility as a tool to better focus policy reform on the actual affordability constraints of the unserved.
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Hirai, Mitsuaki, Victor Nyamandi, Charles Siachema, Nesbert Shirihuru, Lovemore Dhoba, Alison Baggen, Trevor Kanyowa, et al. "Using the Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool (WASH FIT) in Zimbabwe: A Cross-Sectional Study of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Services in 50 COVID-19 Isolation Facilities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 5641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115641.
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The availability of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services is a key prerequisite for quality care and infection prevention and control in health care facilities (HCFs). In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance and urgency of enhancing WASH coverage to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission and other healthcare-associated infections. As a part of COVID-19 preparedness and response interventions, the Government of Zimbabwe, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and civil society organizations conducted WASH assessments in 50 HCFs designated as COVID-19 isolation facilities. Assessments were based on the Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool (WASH FIT), a multi-step framework to inform the continuous monitoring and improvement of WASH services. The WASH FIT assessments revealed that one in four HCFs did not have adequate services across the domains of water, sanitation, health care waste, hand hygiene, facility environment, cleanliness and disinfection, and management. The sanitation domain had the largest proportion of health care facilities with poor service coverage (42%). Some of the recommendations from this assessment include the provision of sufficient water for all users, Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM)- and disability-friendly sanitation facilities, handwashing facilities, waste collection services, energy for incineration or waste treatment facilities, cleaning supplies, and financial resources for HCFs. WASH FIT may be a useful tool to inform WASH interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
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Wu, Shang-Jung, Chun-Chieh Wang, Shu-Chen Kuo, Shwn-Huey Shieh, and Yueh-Juen Hwu. "Evaluation of an Oral Hygiene Education Program for Staff Providing Long-Term Care Services: A Mixed Methods Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 19, 2020): 4429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124429.
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Background: Oral hygiene is often neglected in clients receiving long-term care, suggesting that long-term care workers require formal oral hygiene education. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oral hygiene education on long-term care workers. Methods: This study utilized a mixed methods design. Eighty long-term care workers were recruited for participation in the oral hygiene education program, which employed three teaching methods: narration with multimedia presentation, demonstration, and teach-back. The effect of the education program on the participants’ level of oral hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and skills was measured using a structured questionnaire that was administered both pre- and post-delivery of the education program. Three months later, all participants submitted a self-report of their oral hygiene skills, and six participants completed a telephone interview. Quantitative data were analyzed using paired t-tests, and qualitative data were manually analyzed and coded. Results: Scores of oral hygiene knowledge (p < 0.001), attitudes (p = 0.001), and oral cleaning daily frequency for clients (p < 0.001), were significantly higher three months after undertaking the educational program. Conclusions: This preliminary study suggests that oral hygiene education may be effective in improving oral hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and skills among long-term care staff.
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Bitty, MJ, YB Coha, JD Seka, and F. Monan. "P346: Evaluation of hygiene in hospital - about 50 services." Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 2, Suppl 1 (2013): P346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2047-2994-2-s1-p346.
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Rezola, Juan Gondra, Javier Santolaya, Javier Orduna, and Francisco Dehesa. "School health services and community nutrition: a historical perspective." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 6a (April 1, 2001): 1337–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001213.
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Abstract:The Bilbao School Health Service was created at the beginning of the century with the aim of preventing transmittable diseases among children as well as improving nutrition. At that time such services were established in many other countries. Since then, according to evolving societal changes and emerging needs, the Service has reoriented its scope and structure towards the Health Promotion scheme.Current tasks include health screening examinations and hygiene surveillance as well as preventive and health education programmes.
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Bella, Febriani Dwi, Nur Alam Fajar, and Misnaniarti Misnaniarti. "Hubungan pola asuh dengan kejadian stunting balita dari keluarga miskin di Kota Palembang." Jurnal Gizi Indonesia 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jgi.8.1.31-39.
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Background: Nutritional problems do not always occur in poor families, in fact many of under five years in poor families in good nutritional status which have normal height (not stunting) based on the parenting in the family. The positive parenting in poor families are feeding habit, parenting habit, hygiene habit and health services habit. Objectives: This research aim to observe the parenting of feeding habits, parenting habits, hygiene habits and health services habits on the incidence of toddler’s stunting on poor families in the city of Palembang.Methods: This research was an observational study which using a quantitative approach with a Cross Sectional Study design. It took 100 mothers who have children aged 24-59 months from poor families in the city of Palembang were chosen by proportional random sampling.Data taken regarding feeding habits, parenting habits, hygiene habits, and health services habits obtained through questionnaires, and the incidence of child stunting obtained from measurements of children's height using a toddler's height measurement tool. Data analysis to observe the relationship between variables using the Chi-Square test.Results: The results showed the proportion of toddler stunting in poor families in the city of Palembang was 29%. There was a significant correlation between feeding habits (p-value = 0.000); parenting habits (p-value = 0.001; hygiene habits (p-value = 0.021) and health services habits (p-value = 0.000) on the incidence of toddler’s stunting.Conclusion: Normal height (not stunting) toddlers have positive deviance of feeding habits, parenting habits, hygiene habits and health services habits better than stunting under five years with same economic backgrounds family
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Hamid, Rania Mohammed Osman, and Sumia Mohammed Ahmed Khalil. "Assessment of Hygiene Conditions in Sudanese Airlines Catering at Khartoum International Airport." Journal of Food Research 7, no. 4 (July 10, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v7n4p149.
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Background: Food safety has been recognized as a matter of importance to the airlines industry and airports must have the capacity to ensure a safe environment for passengers using point of entry facilities, including flight catering and other potential risks. The risk of food getting contaminated depends largely on the knowledge and practice of proper food hygiene measures among food handlers. The study aimed to assess the hygiene conditions in airlines catering services units at Khartoum Airport; to evaluate the level of knowledge and practice of food handlers towards food hygiene in addition to identify the microbial load on food handler’s hands.Methodology: Four airlines catering services units at Khartoum International Airport were studied. The data were collected by using structured questionnaire to assess food handler's knowledge onfood hygiene and their practices including 100 samples (56 samples from catering 1, 22 catering 2, 12 catering 3 and 10 samples from catering 4). Observational check list was used to assess the physical characteristics and hygienic situation in airlines catering premises and food handlers. Microbiological examinations used for Total Plate Count (TPC), isolate and identification Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and salmonella. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 16.0).Results: The study showed that 56% of food handlers have higher secondary school certificate, 83% of food handlers knew causative agent of food borne disease,72% knew when washed their work surfaces and 72% knew how to care with open lesions during food handling. Analysis showed significant difference (p=0.023) between respondents’ knowledge and their educational level. More than half (58%) of food handlers did not report during illness; only 42% received training in food hygiene. seventy five percent of the catering managers were not trained on food safety management system. There was statistically significant difference between trained (professional) handlers and non-trained handlers with regard to food hygiene practices (P =0.038). Fifty percent of catering premises were in bad situation (ventilation, cleaning, lightening, pest control) and poor hand washing facilities; only 25% of these catering have quality control system. The highest bacterial count from the hands samples was 8.5x106 CFU /mland the lowest 1.2x106 CFU /ml; 54.5% of sample tested positive for E. coli; 72.7% for S. aureus and 36.6% for salmonella from food handler’s hands.Conclusion: This study revealed poor sanitary conditions in airlines catering, and poor food hygiene practices of some handlers indicating higher probability of food being contaminated before service. The occurrence of indicator microorganisms in most of the hand samples indicating a need for improvement in the environment hygiene and sanitary facilities. The study recommends hygiene education to improve the knowledge and practices of food handlers.
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Assefa, Geteneh Moges, Samiha Sherif, Jose Sluijs, Maarten Kuijpers, Tamene Chaka, Arsema Solomon, Yeshitila Hailu, and Muluken Dessalegn Muluneh. "Gender Equality and Social Inclusion in Relation to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 17, 2021): 4281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084281.
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The main purpose of the study was to deepen the understanding of gender and social inclusion in the context of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. An explorative qualitative study was conducted in three districts of the Oromia region using gender analysis frameworks. Twenty-one key informant interviews and nine focus group discussions were conducted. Findings showed 52% of households in the study area have basic service level water, 29% have basic service level sanitation, and 14% have basic service level hygiene. Women, girls, and people living with disability disproportionately experience poor access to quality WASH services. Women and girls participate in unequal domestic labor related to water management which often exposes them to discrimination and violence such as rape, abduction, and assault. Overall, women, girls, and other socially excluded groups are rarely consulted and engaged by local actors. This results in incongruent policy and political commitment which limits action at the grassroots level. Integrating gender equality and inclusion efforts into local governance agendas can help to increase access to and the quality of WASH services. These efforts must advocate for moving beyond gender parity to promote gender transformative approaches and inclusion to realize better WASH services for the communities they serve.
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Hidayat, Muhammad, Hesty Hesty, and Muhammad Azhari. "Upaya Peningkatan Imun Lansia melalui Sleep Hygiene di Panti Sosial Tresna Werda Budi Luhur Jambi." Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan (JAK) 3, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jak.v3i2.202.
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One of the strategies to increase immunity in the elderly is that the need for sleep is fulfilled in quality and quantity so that it can improve the quality of life of the elderly. The best way to achieve quality and quantity sleep in the elderly is with sleep hygiene. Sleep hygiene is an exercise or habit that can affect sleep. Good sleep hygiene can prevent the development of sleep disorders. Sleep disorders experienced by a person indicate that there is poor sleep hygiene which is caused by a lack of knowledge of the elderly about sleep hygiene so that it has a negative impact on the elderly's immunity. This condition is experienced by the elderly who are in the transcendental social care institution. The tresna werda budi luhur social institution is a partner social institution that has implemented gerontik services according to the program, but in practice there are elderly people who experience poor sleep hygiene. One of the efforts that can be made by the community service implementation team is to provide health education to the elderly. The output of this community service activity is an effort to improve the immunity of the elderly through sleep hygiene. The implementation method used is survey, observation, interview, discussion, and demonstration through health education. This activity was carried out in 12 sessions, attended by 55 elderly people. The result of this activity is conducting health education and awakening the elderly to sleep hygiene and making media through the daily schedule of the elderly with the help of an alarm clock so that the final evaluation of the elderly begins to understand and be aware and able to independently of sleep hygiene. Sleep hygiene is monitored and continued by nurses on duty at the Tresna Wombat Social Home to become a sustainable program
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Potgieter, N., R. Koekemoer, and P. Jagals. "A pilot assessment of water, sanitation, hygiene and home-based care services for people living with HIV/AIDS in rural and peri-urban communities in South Africa." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 5 (September 1, 2007): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.564.
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A short-term assessment of water, sanitation, hygiene and home-based care services in two rural and two peri-urban communities in South Africa was made using specially designed questionnaires. The results from this assessment indicated the shortcomings of various sections in the service provision to people affected and living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa. This paper is a summarised version of the assessment and aims to give an indication of the inadequacies of some of these services.
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Aziz, Ann-Marie. "Hand hygiene and stopping the spread of COVID-19." Journal of Paramedic Practice 12, no. 6 (June 2, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2020.12.6.cpd1.
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Health professionals' lack of compliance with hand hygiene is a problem in both hospitals and emergency medical services. The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is spreading around the world and practitioners must play their part to contain the outbreak. Hand hygiene is one of the most important measures to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and stop the spread of COVID-19. A range of products (including alcohol-based handrub and personal and respiratory protective equipment), procedures and strategies can improve compliance with hand hygiene in emergency medical services. Incorporating hand-hygiene strategies into policy can help providers to improve compliance. Effectiveness of infection prevention and control measures should be assessed by audit. All health professionals should contribute to improving infection prevention and control, including in the prehospital environment and during transfer between settings.
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Paramita, Windya Kartika. "Systematic Review: Affecting Behaviour of Hygiene and Health Care of the Eldery." Jurnal PROMKES 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jpk.v9.i1.2021.69-78.
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Background: The Elderly is an age group that has decreased organ function which is susceptible to various diseases. The elderly also experience physical decline which can affect personal hygiene and health care behavior. Objective: To determine the factors that affect the personal hygiene and health care of the elderly. Method: Personal hygiene referred to in this study was hygiene to care for the whole body including skin, feet, teeth, nails, and hair. This study was a systematic review of studies with primary data related to factors affecting personal hygiene and health care for the elderly. The study was conducted on 35 international journals. Results: Personal hygiene of the elderly are feet. Factors that influence their hygiene on demographic factors include residence, education, source of income, gender, age, and knowledge. Factors affecting elderly hygiene on personal characteristic factors include need assistance, perceived benefits, disease, frequency of cleansing, self-efficacy, physical change, degree of independence, mobility, and self-motivation. Factors affecting them on facilities and infrastructure factors supporters include equipment, care services facilities, equipment, distance to care service facilities, social support, and practical conditions. Factors affecting on healthy program factors include training, education caregiver, motivation caregiver, health promotion, health information seeking, satisfaction, informal care, behavioral programs, utilization, and functional health literacy. Conclusion: Factors affecting personal hygiene and health care for the elderly include demographics, characteristics of the elderly, supporting facilities, and infrastructure and health programs. Dominant factor affecting personal hygiene and health care for elderly are educational, residence, and income source.
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Pirincci, Edibe, Muhammed Arca, Mehmet Ali Sen, Erhan Atici, Suleyman Varsak, Ezgi Yarasir, Osman Kurt, Ayse Ferdane Oguzoncul, and Suleyman Erhan Deveci. "COVID-19 anxiety and hygiene status in vocational schools of health services students in Turkey: A multicenter study." Work 69, no. 4 (August 27, 2021): 1143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-205254.
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BACKGROUND: While the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic creates fear and anxiety on the students’ academic achievement, the risk of an infectious disease may negatively affect education by reducing the concentration ability of students. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the knowledge, behaviors, anxiety levels, and hygiene status of students. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, behavior change, anxiety, and hygiene status of university students about COVID-19. METHODS: The investigation was conducted with students of three vocational schools of health services located in different provinces of Turkey (n = 1055). Data collected by an online survey consisted of knowledge questions about COVID-19, items about behavior change, the hygiene behavior scale (HBS), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) scale. RESULTS: The knowledge scores of women were significantly higher than the scores of men. Of the students, 59.6%showed positive hygiene behaviors, and 31.5%had anxiety. Female students’ total HDC scale score was significantly lower than that of men, and the total HDC scale score of those who received hand hygiene education was significantly lower than that of participants who did not receive training, which shows a positive hygiene behavior. The total GAD-7 scale score of women was significantly higher than that of men. More than half of the students showed positive hygiene behaviors, and about a third had anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the study’s results, psychological support and training should be provided to students.
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Rajasingham, Anu, Janell A. Routh, Anagha Loharikar, Elly Chemey, Tracy Ayers, Andrews W. Gunda, Elizabeth T. Russo, Siri Wood, and Robert Quick. "Diffusion of Handwashing Knowledge and Water Treatment Practices From Mothers in an Antenatal Hygiene Promotion Program to Nonpregnant Friends and Relatives, Machinga District, Malawi." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 39, no. 1 (September 5, 2018): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272684x18797063.
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Access to safe drinking water and improved hygiene are essential for preventing diarrheal diseases in low- and middle-income countries. Integrating water treatment and hygiene products into antenatal clinic care can motivate water treatment and handwashing among pregnant women. Free water hygiene kits (water storage containers, sodium hypochlorite water treatment solution, and soap) and refills of water treatment solution and soap were integrated into antenatal care and delivery services in Machinga District, Malawi, resulting in improved water treatment and hygiene practices in the home and increased maternal health service use. To determine whether water treatment and hygiene practices diffused from maternal health program participants to friends and relatives households in the same communities, we assessed the practices of 106 nonpregnant friends and relatives of these new mothers at baseline and 1-year follow-up. At follow-up, friends and relatives were more likely than at baseline to have water treatment products observable in the home (33.3% vs. 1.2%, p < 0.00001) and detectable free chlorine residual in their water, confirming water treatment (35.7% vs. 1.4%; p < 0.00001). Qualitative data from in-depth interviews also suggested that program participants helped motivate adoption of water treatment and hygiene behaviors among their friends and relatives.
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Ehsan, Aliya, Jawwad Iqbal Afridi, Hina Abid, and Muhammad Yusuf. "Dental Caries and the Influence of Associated Factors – A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 21 (May 24, 2021): 1616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/336.
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BACKGROUND The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of dental caries among urban and suburban population in Pakistan to assess the association of dental caries with oral hygiene status, socioeconomic status, and dental service availability. METHODS A total of 200 patients was enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Decayed, filled, and missing teeth (DMFT), oral hygiene status, socioeconomic status (SES), and presence / absence of dental care facility were recorded. A specially designed proforma was used to record the data regarding oral hygiene practices, dental treatment availability and socioeconomic background, for the study. The data obtained was statistically analysed using SPSS version 15 software. Chi-square test was applied for association between categorical variables. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to test the difference in DMFT scores of various age groups. Student t test was applied to test the difference in DMFT scores in both sexes. RESULTS Comparison of mean D, M and F status revealed a high tendency towards decayed teeth. Mean DMFT score was found to be 4.41. Maximum DMFT was recorded among 50 years and above age group, followed closely (2.39) by 40 - 49 years. Increased caries prevalence was seen in people with poor oral hygiene and belonging to low socioeconomic status. Caries rate was also high in areas with lack of dental care facilities. CONCLUSIONS Oral hygiene practices, dietary habits, and access to dental care services played an important role in prevalence of dental caries. Socio-economic status has been found to play an important role in access to dental care facilities. From the current report, importance for public health was noted; the socioeconomic status, educational status of parents, and family structure, affect oral health in under-privileged communities. The prevalence of dental caries also plays an important role in oral hygiene procedures, eating patterns, and access to dental care services. KEY WORDS Dental Caries, SES, Oral Hygiene, Dental Care Facility, DMFT.
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Zarkowski, Pamela, and Mert N. Aksu. "Complexities of Providing Dental Hygiene Services in Community Care Settings." Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice 16 (June 2016): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebdp.2016.02.002.
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Toms, Jonathan. "Citizenship and Learning Disabled People: The Mental Health Charity MIND’s 1970s Campaign in Historical Context." Medical History 61, no. 4 (September 13, 2017): 481–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2017.55.
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Current policy and practice directed towards people with learning disabilities originates in the deinstitutionalisation processes, civil rights concerns and integrationist philosophies of the 1970s and 1980s. However, historians know little about the specific contexts within which these were mobilised. Although it is rarely acknowledged in the secondary literature, MIND was prominent in campaigning for rights-based services for learning disabled people during this time. This article sets MIND’s campaign within the wider historical context of the organisation’s origins as a main institution of the inter-war mental hygiene movement. The article begins by outlining the mental hygiene movement’s original conceptualisation of ‘mental deficiency’ as the antithesis of the self-sustaining and responsible individuals that it considered the basis of citizenship and mental health. It then traces how this equation became unravelled, in part by the altered conditions under the post-war Welfare State, in part by the mental hygiene movement’s own theorising. The final section describes the reconceptualisation of citizenship that eventually emerged with the collapse of the mental hygiene movement and the emergence of MIND. It shows that representations of MIND’s rights-based campaigning (which have, in any case, focused on mental illness) as individualist, and fundamentally opposed to medicine and psychiatry, are inaccurate. In fact, MIND sought a comprehensive community-based service, integrated with the general health and welfare services and oriented around a reconstruction of learning disabled people’s citizenship rights.
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Kmentt, Laura, Ryan Cronk, James Benjamin Tidwell, and Elliott Rogers. "Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in healthcare facilities of 14 low- and middle-income countries: to what extent is WASH implemented and what are the ‘drivers’ of improvement in their service levels?" H2Open Journal 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2021.095.
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Abstract Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections through the provision of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in healthcare facilities (HCF) is inadequate in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting in high patient morbidity and mortality, additional costs, and increased risk of antibiotic resistance. There is little evidence describing factors leading to improved WASH conditions in LMICs. We aim to identify the extent to which WASH is implemented in HCFs in LMICs and understand the ‘drivers’ of improvement in their service levels. WASH service levels in 14 LMICs were descriptively analysed, and potential drivers of service-level differences were explored using univariable and multivariable mixed-model logistic regression analyses. Descriptive analysis showed a lack of adequate water quality, sanitation, hand, and environmental hygiene, and waste disposal. We found that the presence of infection prevention and control protocols (IPCPs), having an IPC/WASH focal person at the facility, and conducting WASH training for staff were associated with higher levels of WASH services. This study demonstrates a lack of basic WASH services in HCF in LMICs. We show that there are potential interventions, such as implementing IPCPs, identifying WASH leaders in HCF, and conducting training that may lead to service improvements.
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Bain, Robert, Richard Johnston, Francesco Mitis, Christie Chatterley, and Tom Slaymaker. "Establishing Sustainable Development Goal Baselines for Household Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Services." Water 10, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121711.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), through the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), are responsible for global monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). The SDGs represent a fundamental shift in household WASH monitoring with a new focus on service levels and the incorporation of hygiene. This article reflects on the process of establishing SDG baselines and the methods used to generate national, regional and global estimates for the new household WASH indicators. The JMP 2017 update drew on over 3000 national data sources, primarily household surveys (n = 1443), censuses (n = 309) and administrative data (n = 1494). Whereas most countries could generate estimates for basic drinking water and basic sanitation, fewer countries could report on basic handwashing facilities, water quality and the disposal of waste from onsite sanitation. Based on data for 96 and 84 countries, respectively, the JMP estimates that globally 2.1 billion (29%) people lacked safely managed drinking water services and 4.5 billion (61%) lacked safely managed sanitation services in 2015. The expanded JMP inequalities database also finds substantial disparities by wealth and sub-national regions. The SDG baselines for household WASH reveal the scale of the challenge associated with achieving universal safely managed services and the substantial acceleration needed in many countries to achieve even basic services for everyone by 2030. Many countries have begun to localise the global SDG targets and are investing in data collection to address the SDG data gaps, whether through the integration of new elements in household surveys or strengthening collection and reporting of information through administrative and regulatory systems.
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Islam, Mohammad Shamsal, Abul Hasnat Golam Quddus, and Abbas Rahimi Foroushani. "MAPPING THE BARRIERS OF RECEIVES AFFORDABLE MENSTRUAL HYGIENE PRODUCTS AND HEALTHCARE SERVICES AT THE RURAL SETTING OF BANGLADESH." Pakistan Journal of Public Health 7, no. 4 (January 25, 2018): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v7i4.32.
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Background: Menstrual hygiene health has paramount importance for the adolescents and women. The evidence based studies on menstrual hygiene management are very few and far less in rural setting of Bangladesh possibly for lack of interest in research and non-availability of the fund. Relatively menstrual hygiene do not lessen its importance as a subject as it one of the major cause of reproductive tract infections of adolescents and women. Methods: The study had two sets of data: one set of data was collected from the community through in-depth interview and another was from Informal Group Discussions (IGD). Fisher (1993) formula was followed to determine the sample size. The data has been analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive and Qualitative statistical tools were performed to analyze the collected data. A total 500 adolescents and women were interviewed from four Upazilas. Results: Mothers (78%) were the reliable place for the sharing respondent's first menstrual experiences. About 95% respondents believed myths of the society about menstrual hygiene. About 78% respondents were used to old cloth. The collection of menstrual hygiene materials and dispose of used products were vexing problems in the rural setting. The major portion (63%) has dreamed of having of menstrual hygiene product with good quality. The low cost of a product (p<.001), expected healthcare services (p<.040), awareness programs (p<.001), social media (p<.002) are useful tools to increase the user's having menstrual hygiene products and receiving services in the rural setting. Conclusions: The government should have scheme for adolescents and women at rural setting address to culture and beliefs, resources and practice. To improve the capacity of adolescents and women to practice quality and affordable sanitary napkin, it is recommended that to start sensitizing activities at community setting immediately.
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Angelillo, Italo F., Nunzia M. A. Viggiani, Rosa M. Greco, and Daniela Rito. "HACCP and Food Hygiene in Hospitals Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Food-Services Staff in Calabria, Italy." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 22, no. 6 (June 2001): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501914.
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AbstractObjectives:To determine adherence to Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) methods and to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of food-services staff with regard to food hygiene in hospitals.Design:A survey.Participants:Hospital medical directors and food-services staff of 36 hospitals in Calabria, Italy.Methods:A questionnaire about hospital characteristics, food-services organization, and measures and procedures for the control and prevention of foodborne diseases was sent to medical directors; a questionnaire about demographic and practice characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about control and prevention of foodborne diseases was sent to food-services staff. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed.Results:Only 54% of the 27 responding hospitals were using the HACCP system and, of those using HACCP, 79% adopted a food-hygiene–practice manual; more than one half already had developed written procedures for food storage, personal hygiene, cleaning and disinfection; one half or less performed microbiological assessment of foods and surfaces. Of the 290 food-services staff who responded, 78.8% were aware of the five leading food-borne pathogens; this knowledge was significantly higher among those with a higher educational level and those who worked in hospitals that had implemented the HACCP system. Younger staff and those who had attended continuing educational courses about food hygiene and hospital foodborne diseases had a significantly higher knowledge of safe temperatures for food storage. A positive attitude toward foodborne-diseases prevention was reported by the great majority, and it was significantly higher in older respondents and in those working in hospitals with a lower number of beds. Only 54.9% of those involved in touching or serving unwrapped raw or cooked foods routinely used gloves during this activity; this practice was significantly greater among younger respondents and in those working in hospitals using HACCP.Conclusion:Full implementation of the HACCP system and infection control policies in hospital food services is needed.
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Bas, Murat, Mehtap Akçil Temel, Azmi Safak Ersun, and Gökhan Kivanç. "Prerequisite Programs and Food Hygiene in Hospitals: Food Safety Knowledge and Practices of Food Service Staff in Ankara, Turkey." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 26, no. 4 (April 2005): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502562.
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AbstractOur objective was to determine food safety practices related to prerequisite program implementation in hospital food services in Turkey. Staff often lack basic food hygiene knowledge. Problems of implementing HACCP and prerequisite programs in hospitals include lack of food hygiene management training, lack of financial resources, and inadequate equipment and environment.
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Kuchma, Vladislav R. "SIX DECADES OF SCIENTIFIC SEARCH IN THE HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 5 (October 28, 2019): 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-5-573-580.
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60 years of the work of the Scientific and Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents of the National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health provide an analysis of research directions, their achievements and their use in health care and education. A series of discoveries, basic and applied research in the field of hygiene of children and adolescents, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the children’s population allowed to substantiate the modern system of hygiene and child and adolescent health, prevention of the most common diseases, school-related diseases and conditions, including population and personalized levels, and effective technologies to ensure them. Effective models of medical care for students in educational institutions, the activities of schools that promote health have been developed. Fundamental guidelines have been prepared for physicians on the hygiene of children and adolescents, school medicine, and medical support for students in educational institutions. Primary in the development and improvement of the hygiene of children and adolescents are the following: modernization, re-equipment of material and technical base for research; attracting young, talented and dedicated researchers; ensuring safe life and adaptation of children and adolescents in the context of global digitalization, including safe goods and services for children and adolescents, as part of the new strategy fir the scientific and technological development of the country; constant monitoring of the development of hygienic science and correction of plans for basic and applied research in the field of hygiene and child and adolescent health.
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Kuchma, Vladislav R. "SCIENTIFIC BASES OF HYGIENE AND HEALTH OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS (TO THE 60TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE INSTITUTE OF HYGIENE AND CHILD AND ADOLESCENT HEALTH)." Russian Pediatric Journal 22, no. 2 (October 7, 2019): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2019-22-2-116-121.
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60 years of the work of the Scientific and Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents of the National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, 2, bld. 1, Lomonosov avenue, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation of the Ministry of Health of Russia provide an analysis of research directions, their achievements and use in health care and education. A series of discoveries, basic and applied research in the field of hygiene of children and adolescents, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the children’s population allowed to substantiate the modern system of hygiene and child and adolescent health, prevention of the most common diseases, school-related diseases and conditions, including population and personalized levels, and effective technologies to ensure them. Effective models of medical care for students in educational institutions, the activities of schools promoting health have been developed. Fundamental guidelines have been prepared for physicians on the hygiene of children and adolescents, school medicine, and medical support for students in educational institutions. Primary in the development and improvement of the hygiene of children and adolescents are the following: modernization, re-equipment of material and technical base for research; attracting young, talented and dedicated researchers; ensuring safe life and adaptation of children and adolescents in the context of global digitalization, including safe goods and services for children and adolescents, as part of the new scientific and technological development strategy of the country; constant monitoring of the development of hygienic science and correction of plans for basic and applied research in the field of hygiene and child and adolescent health.
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Chakraborty, Anirban, Sonal G. Rawat, and Susheel Chhabra. "Enhancing Service Quality in Hospitals." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 1, no. 4 (October 2009): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicthd.2009091505.
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Large organizations use multiple data sources, centralize processing in these organizations require analysis of huge database originating from various locations. Data mining association rules help perform exploration and analysis of large amounts of data to discover meaningful patterns which can facilitate effective decision-making. The objective of this article is to enhance service quality in a hospital using data mining. The improvement in service quality will help to create hygienic environment and enhance technical competence among staff members which will generate value to patients. A weighting model is proposed to identify valid rules among large number of forwarded rules from various data sources. This model is applied to rank the rules based on patient perceived service parameters in a hospital. Results show that this weighting model is efficient. The proposed model can be used effectively for determining the patient’s perspective on hospital services like technical competence, reliability and hygiene conditions under a distributed environment.
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Molina, Victorio, Olivia Sison, John Robert Medina, Cyrille Nahla Ayes, Joseph Aaron Joe, and Vicente Balizario. "Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in the Philippines: Meeting National and Global Targets at the Local Level." Journal of Environmental Science and Management 24, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2021_1/01.
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As national and global water, sanitation, and hygiene targets have been set and programs have been implemented, the study aimed to assess the attainment of these targets at the local level in selected areas in Davao region, the Philippines. Randomly selected households were assessed for water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators using a modified tool that combined national guidelines and global recommendations. Validated access to improved water source for drinking was below the targets in most barangays, while validated sanitary toilet coverages in all barangays did not meet the targets. Significant difference was observed between validated and reported access to improved water and sanitation services in some barangays. Approximately 87.5% of households had a handwashing facility, but only 51.2% of which had both water and soap available. Achieving the targets is challenged by the gap in monitoring due to a decentralized health system in the Philippines. There is a need to standardize indicators and optimize the tool to allow a comprehensive assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene practices. This will help generate local data that are in line with national guidelines and global recommendations to enhance policy and to determine priority areas for improved water, sanitation, and hygiene service delivery.
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Desye, Belay. "COVID-19 Pandemic and Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene: Impacts, Challenges, and Mitigation Strategies." Environmental Health Insights 15 (January 2021): 117863022110294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786302211029447.
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Background: In order to protect public health during the outbreaks of infectious diseases including the pandemic COVID-19, provision of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) services is important. The challenges of inaccessible WASH services along with the pandemic COVID-19 in low-income countries can lead to a devastating problem. Method: A systematic search of published articles was identified using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, on relevant studies of COVID-19 and WASH services. Published articles were identified using abstracts and titles of the articles, followed by assessed for eligibility, and screening of the full text reports of relevant studies. Results: Electronic database search identified 798 articles from which 28 full text articles were included in the systematic review. A lack of access to WASH services in households, schools, health care facilities, and other public spaces were the main identified COVID-19 related public health risks. A lack of adequate data and financial shortages were the challenges for mitigating the problems of COVI-19 and WASH services. Conclusion: This systematical review identified the impacts and challenges of COVID-19 in the provision of WASH services. The results implied that COVID-19 has significant impacts on WASH services that can affect the health of the public. Therefore, strengthening and ensuring access to WASH services are important for preventing COVID-19 and realizing human rights. Community engagement also can be used to support for prevention and control of COVID-19. Countries need to be expand their investment in WASH services as an important mechanism for mitigating COVID-19.
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Weisshaupt, Oliver, Gabriela V. Leiblein-Züger, and Susanne Hofer. "Process Model for the Food Service in Swiss Hospitals." Journal of Facility Management Education and Research 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2018): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22361/jfmer/00072.
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ABSTRACT Background Since the introduction of Swiss Diagnosis Related Groups in 2012, a Swiss hospital's core business requires Facility Management that provides more transparent, effective and efficient services. In that respect, the new remuneration system has caused a growing interest in processes. Food provision is of high importance since it is one of the costliest support services and is a critical image factor of a hospital. Purpose The purpose of this research was to analyse the food service processes in Facility Management in hospitals through the lenses of social, economic and ecological sustainability as well as hygiene and safety, and to identify which issues arise from each viewpoint for the respective sub-processes. Methodology A two-fold qualitative case study design was applied, based on the reference model theory Process Model for Non-Medical Support Services in Hospitals. First, based on focus groups, the process model was developed. Second, the model was validated by input from interviews with Facility Management professionals. Results Each sub-process requires the consideration of individual factors from the perspectives of sustainability, hygiene and safety. Similarly, various overarching factors were identified, such as the production method that impact not only a single sub-process, but also play a role in the whole catering process. Additionally, it became evident that food provision in hospitals is particularly affected by the conflicting priorities of cost-effectiveness and sustainability. Conclusion The outcome of this work is a model that allows a holistic process analysis of catering activities in hospitals since it takes into account social, economic and ecological sustainability, as well as both hygiene and safety aspects for the individual sub-processes. This research gives guidance to facility managers who strive for process optimisation to guarantee efficient and effective food provision in hospitals. Unique Value to the Body of Facility Management Knowledge This work applies established catering sub-processes in hospitals to the context of sustainability, hygiene and safety. The proposed model caters to the increasing interest in processes in healthcare in Switzerland and can presumably be applied to hospitals of other countries.
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Marques, Amy, Robert Tucker, and Michael Klompas. "Observational Bias Within Hospital-Wide Hand Hygiene Program." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.938.
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Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is critical to prevent hospital-acquired infections. Running a successful HH program requires valid and accurate HH data to monitor the status and progress of HH improvement efforts. HH data are frequently subject to variable forms of bias, for which considerations must be made to enhance the validity of HH data. Objective: We assessed the extent to which observers may be prone to report more favorable HH rates when observing healthcare workers from the same professional group versus members of other job categories. Methods: We analyzed HH data from 48,543 electronically collected observations conducted by frontline healthcare workers in a 793-bed acute-care hospital from January 1, 2019, through July 31, 2019. All auditors received training on HH observations and proper use of the data collection application. Compliance data were sorted into peer versus nonpeer observations by profession. We compared HH compliance rates for members of each professional group when monitoring peers versus nonpeers. We further stratified results by ancillary professions (central transport, unit associates, food services, pharmacy, phlebotomy, rehabilitation services, and respiratory therapy) versus nonancillary professions (doctors, nurses, physician assistants, patient care assistants). Results: Of 12,488 ancillary observations, 7,184 (57.5%) were peer observations and 36,055 were nonancillary observations, of which 15,942 (44.2%) were peer observations. The percentage of peer-to-peer observations versus nonpeer observations varied by profession, ranging from 96% of central transport workers and 91% of environmental services observations to 21% of patient care assistants and 34% of physician’s assistants. Average compliance rates for peer versus nonpeer observations in ancillary groups were 98% (95% CI, 98.7%–99.2%) versus 83% (95% CI, 82.5%–84.5%). Average compliance rates nonancillary groups were 92% (95% CI, 92.0%–92.8%) for peers versus 88% (95% CI, 87.8%–88.7%) for nonpeers (Table 1). Conclusions: We documented a propensity for some categories of healthcare workers to record discrepant rates of HH compliance when observing members of the same peer group versus others. This effect was more pronounced amongst ancillary versus nonancillary services. This study adds to the literature of potential sources of bias in HH monitoring programs. Operational changes in HH program data collection may be warranted to try to mitigate these biases such as increasing the frequency of validation exercises conducted by nonaffiliated observers, weighting peer versus nonpeer observations differently, or switching to automated electronic monitoring systems.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Scott, Rebecca, Pippa Scott, Peter Hawkins, Isabel Blackett, Andrew Cotton, and Alix Lerebours. "Integrating Basic Urban Services for Better Sanitation Outcomes." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 27, 2019): 6706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236706.
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Rapid urbanization in developing countries demands better integration of planning and delivery of basic services if cities are to be sustainable, healthy and safe. Sanitation improvements are commonly overlooked as investments go towards more visible services such as water supplies and drainage networks. The Sustainable Development Goal for sanitation and hygiene currently remains severely off-track. This paper presents the findings of a Delphi method survey to identify expert consensus on both why and how to integrate sanitation, by which we mean both sewered and non-sewered sanitation services, into other basic urban services (including water supply, drainage, energy and roads) to achieve better sanitation and broader development outcomes, notably for poor citizens. Consensus on why integration is important highlights the physical interdependence of services, where neglect of one service can compromise gains from another investment or service. Consensus on how includes actions to address political priorities and leadership; governance and capacity constraints; clearer planning, procurement and financing mechanisms; and adopting incremental approaches matched to wider urban strategies. It was suggested that achieving these actions would improve accountability, monitoring and service level audits. Experience from previous integrated urban programmes should be incorporated into formulating new sanitation service agreements across all service types. Supported by better-informed dialogue and decision-making between those responsible for urban sanitation and for associated basic services, we suggest integrated and incremental approaches will enable more sustainable urban services planning to achieve ‘quality of life’ outcomes for poor urban residents.
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Anderson, Darcy M., Ryan Cronk, Donald Fejfar, Emily Pak, Michelle Cawley, and Jamie Bartram. "Safe Healthcare Facilities: A Systematic Review on the Costs of Establishing and Maintaining Environmental Health in Facilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020817.
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A hygienic environment is essential to provide quality patient care and prevent healthcare-acquired infections. Understanding costs is important to budget for service delivery, but costs evidence for environmental health services (EHS) in healthcare facilities (HCFs) is lacking. We present the first systematic review to evaluate the costs of establishing, operating, and maintaining EHS in HCFs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We systematically searched for studies costing water, sanitation, hygiene, cleaning, waste management, personal protective equipment, vector control, laundry, and lighting in LMICs. Our search yielded 36 studies that reported costs for 51 EHS. There were 3 studies that reported costs for water, 3 for sanitation, 4 for hygiene, 13 for waste management, 16 for cleaning, 2 for personal protective equipment, 10 for laundry, and none for lighting or vector control. Quality of evidence was low. Reported costs were rarely representative of the total costs of EHS provision. Unit costs were infrequently reported. This review identifies opportunities to improve costing research through efforts to categorize and disaggregate EHS costs, greater dissemination of existing unpublished data, improvements to indicators to monitor EHS demand and quality necessary to contextualize costs, and development of frameworks to define EHS needs and essential inputs to guide future costing.
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Mohamed, Hadeel, Fatima Fadul Ali, Mohamed Osman Elamin, and Elmubasher Abd Faraj. "ASSESSMENT OF WATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION SERVICES OF PRIMARY EDUCATION (KHALWA) AT EAST NILE LOCALITY, SUDAN, 2017." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 7 (July 31, 2018): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i7.2018.1279.
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The descriptive study was conducted in East Nile locality in the period of September to December 2017 to assess the water and environmental sanitation services of primary education instituations (Khalwa). Unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient hygiene practices account for an estimated 9.1 percent of the global burden of disease and 6.3 percent of all deaths.
The study aimed to assess the healthy environment, the availability of water supply and water services in khalwas, the ways of collection and disposal of solid waste and health awareness among students towards personal hygiene.
The students (384students) selected randomly from (5135students) and the data was collected by questionnaire and checklist from 4khalwas.
The study results revealed that (96.4%) of students their education level is just khalwa, (32.8%) of students don’t know the important of personal hygiene, (50%) of khalwas the source of water is wells, (50%) of khalwas don’t have containers for solid waste and it’s burning solid waste and (75%) of khalwas have just two meals per day.
The study was recommended that to increase the awareness of students towards personal hygiene, provision of containers and cars for solid waste in each khalwas, providing network for drinking water and for wastewater and increase the number of rooms according to the number of students.
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Juhl, Jacqueline A., and Lynn Stedman. "Advocacy for the Provision of Dental Hygiene Services Within the Hospital Setting: Development of a Dental Hygiene Student Rotation." Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice 16 (June 2016): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebdp.2016.01.023.
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Egici, Memet Taşkın, Fulya Kahraman Aydoğan, Cemal Ayazoğlu, and Güzin Zeren Öztürk. "Current Approach to Travel Health Services." Eurasian Journal of Family Medicine 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33880/ejfm.2019080301.
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As a result of the improvement on transportation and communication opportunities and the increase in commercial, touristic and cultural relations, travels have increased and diversified. Despite these improvements, the nature of the travel process can make the passenger more vulnerable to health risks due to environmental, climatic and hygiene conditions. Lack of adequate housing and diffucilties to access the health care services increase the risk further. In this review, current information have given about travel health services in Turkey and the necessary precautions were discussed to be taken before, during and after the travel in order to avoid the health risks associated with the travel.
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Avelar, Lourdes Johanna, Yao-Yi Chiang, Robert O. Vos, Jose Jesus Rico, Yanyi Qian, Xiaozhe Yin, and Kate Vavra-Musser. "Los Angeles Homelessness and the Access to Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-18-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Homelessness is a problem increasingly visible in many urban and rural communities that have rendered these marginalized people invisible. In Los Angeles County, approximately 53,000 people experience homelessness in a single-night, 4,294 of which reside in downtown’s “Skid Row” (LASHA, 2018). In the past months, cases of hepatitis A and murine typhus outbreaks have been reported in Skid Row. These infectious diseases are associated with poor living environments and inadequate access to basic water, sanitation, and hygiene services (WaSH). Therefore, this study addresses homelessness using water insecurity as a lens to look beyond the provisioning of housing (a long-term goal). More specifically, it examines the consequences of water insecurity in the health and lives of people experiencing homelessness using 134 in-depth interviews and surveys collected in July&ndash;August 2018. The data we collected were abstracted and analysed in R studio to test for associations between differences in poor access to WaSH and demographic factors, and then visualized in ArcGIS Pro using Hot Spot analysis. The study findings highlight that 56% of all study participants reported difficulty accessing basic WaSH services. Of this total, 65% of women participants reported statistically significant differences in access to showers compared to men (<i>p</i>&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.05). Additionally, racial differences were reported in the sample, with Hispanic/Latinx and mixed-racial groups having more difficulty in accessing laundry services, drinking water, and showers. Furthermore, temporal differences existed in access to WaSH services, with people resorting to use public spaces (sidewalks, alleyways, and buckets inside their tents) more often at night than morning-time, due to a lack of public facilities remaining open and available throughout the day. Since the data collection took place in the summer time, 43% of participants reported experiencing dehydration, but also diarrhoea (24.39%), and skin infections (20.33%), all which are attributed to their reduced access to WaSH services. Overall, the information gathered from this study provides a deeper understanding of the existing inequities in access to services. It also demonstrates that there is a need for better public policies to address homelessness with more equitable solutions including gender, race, age, and immigration status. In conclusion, increasing access to WaSH resources can be a form of an immediate intervention provided to the homeless in order to 1) restore their human dignity, 2) improve their living environments, which would then lead to 3) the reduction of future health outbreaks and cost of medical emergency services.</p>
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Vasilyev, I. V., and A. V. Kalinichenko. "To a question on crisis of social hygiene and evolution of concept of public health services." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 7, no. 5-1 (December 30, 2008): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2008-5-1-77-79.
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Change of political and economic conditions should change a subject and methods of social study essentially. In postreorganization Russia the purposes of the state, methods and forms of the government, a subject and methods of a science have changed «Social hygiene» Were transformed unsystematically and till today's time are not certain. This circumstance has caused crisis of social hygiene as sciences. It is necessary to define a subject and methods of a science «Public health and public health services» on the basis of the right.
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Pretty Grace Zalukhu, Zulfendri, and Albiner Siagian. "Relationship of Food Hygiene with Patient Satisfaction in Royal Prima Hospital." Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal 2, no. 1 (February 9, 2020): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/bioex.v2i1.165.
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The aim of the study is want to find out Relationship of Food Hygiene with Patient Satisfaction. This type of research is analytic survey research with cross sectional study approach that is by measuring or observing at the same time (once in a while) between the dependent and independent variables. The dependent variable in this study is patient satisfaction, while the independent variable is the quality of food delivery services. The result shows that food hygiene is related to satisfaction of inpatients. If the food hygiene is good, the patient is probably 2.8 times more satisfied than those who claim to be bad.
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Malkawi, Zain A., and Reem S. Tubaishat. "Knowledge, Practice and Utilization of Dental Services among Pregnant Women in the North of Jordan." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 15, no. 3 (2014): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1541.
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ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate women's oral hygiene knowledge, practice, and use of dental services during pregnancy in the north of Jordan. Materials and methods Voluntary sample of 154 pregnant women of 18 to 40 years old were invited to participate in the study. They were asked to read a self-designated questionnaire and a cover letter which explained the purpose of the study. The questionnaire addressed self-reported demographics, knowledge, practice and use of dental services during pregnancy. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test to determine statistically significant differences across knowledge, practice and use of dental services during pregnancy. Results The sample included 29.3% aged 20 to 24 years old; 33.1% having bachelor degree; and 66.9% were housewives. The majority of study sample 68.2% knew they need dental consultation during pregnancy; however, 39.5% received dental consultation during pregnancy. Majority 62.4% brushed their teeth regularly; however, 73.2% does not use auxiliary dental hygiene devices. Majority 44.5% visited dentist, when they feel pain. Statistically significant association were found between educational level and knowledge about need to dental consultation during pregnancy (p = 0.012); educational level and knowledge about link between pregnancy and periodontal diseases (p = 0.01); and economic status and use of auxiliary dental hygiene devices during pregnancy (p = 0.040). Conclusion Pregnant women brushed their teeth regularly and visited dentist occasionally. Income was significantly associated with increase use of auxiliary dental hygiene devices. Educational level was significantly associated with mothers’ knowledge about the need for consultation and possible link between pregnancy and periodontal diseases. How to cite this article Malkawi ZA, Tubaishat RS. Knowledge, Practice and Utilization of Dental Services among Pregnant Women in the North of Jordan. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(3):345-351.
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Hall, Nina Lansbury. "Challenges of WASH in remote Australian Indigenous communities." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 9, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.154.
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Abstract Health and well-being are influenced by access and quality to safe drinking water, wastewater treatment, and hygiene practices and settings. This is recognised in the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals for water and health. As a signatory to the UN Goals, Australia has a commitment to ensure the access and quality of these resources is attained for all, including Indigenous Australians living in remote communities. This research sought to identify the status of water, sanitation and hygiene services within remote communities on mainland Australia. Interviews were conducted with representatives of organisations providing water, sanitation and/or hygiene to communities. The quality and access of WASH services in remote Indigenous communities were revealed in this research as lacking at times in many communities. The qualitative results indicate that drinking water supplies can be contaminated by microbes or naturally occurring chemicals, wastewater treatment can be poorly maintained with irregular monitoring, and the health of residents is negatively impacted by crowding in houses, which affects residents' ability to maintain healthy hygiene levels of people, clothing, bedding and infrastructure. Effective responses require a collaborative and systemic approach by the respective government agencies responsible that effectively partner with – and adequately fund – Indigenous communities to provide options that are ‘fit for purpose, place and people’.
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Fisher, Kathleen. "Is There Anything to Smile about? A Review of Oral Care for Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities." Nursing Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/860692.
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Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) are at risk for dental disease and face substantial challenges in accessing both routine and preventive dental services. In terms of unmet needs it ranks third, following residential services and employment opportunities for this particular group of people. Poorer oral health status negatively impacts overall health and one’s quality of life. Factors contributing to this problem include significantly higher rates of dental caries, periodontal disease, poor oral hygiene, low expectations, fear of treatment, and lack of awareness among individuals and carers. Additional factors include problems accessing dental care or denial of services because of inadequate education and clinical training, inappropriate bias, or inadequate levels of compensation to providers. Strategies to improve service delivery include individualized and coordinated care services, education of individuals, carers, and providers, including both classroom and clinical experiences with special needs patients in dental programs.
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Vikke, Heidi Storm, Svend Vittinghus, Matthias Giebner, Hans Jørn Kolmos, Karen Smith, Maaret Castrén, and Veronica Lindström. "Compliance with hand hygiene in emergency medical services: an international observational study." Emergency Medicine Journal 36, no. 3 (January 28, 2019): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2018-207872.
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IntroductionHealthcare-associated infection caused by insufficient hygiene is associated with mortality, economic burden, and suffering for the patient. Emergency medical service (EMS) providers encounter many patients in different surroundings and are thus at risk of posing a source of microbial transmission. Hand hygiene (HH), a proven infection control intervention, has rarely been studied in the EMS.MethodsA multicentre prospective observational study was conducted from December 2016 to May 2017 in ambulance services from Finland, Sweden, Australia and Denmark. Two observers recorded the following parameters: HH compliance according to WHO guidelines (before patient contact, before clean/aseptic procedures, after risk of body fluids, after patient contact and after contact with patient surroundings). Glove use and basic parameters such as nails, hair and use of jewellery were also recorded.ResultsSixty hours of observation occurred in each country, for a total of 87 patient encounters. In total, there were 1344 indications for HH. Use of hand rub or hand wash was observed: before patient contact, 3%; before clean/aseptic procedures, 2%; after the risk of body fluids, 8%; after patient contact, 29%; and after contact with patient-related surroundings, 38%. Gloves were worn in 54% of all HH indications. Adherence to short or up done hair, short, clean nails without polish and no jewellery was 99%, 84% and 62%, respectively. HH compliance was associated with wearing gloves (OR 45; 95% CI 10.8 to 187.8; p=0.000) and provider level (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.4; p=0.007), but not associated with gender (OR 1.3; 95% CI 0.9 to 1.9; p=0.107).ConclusionHH compliance among EMS providers was remarkably low, with higher compliance after patient contacts compared with before patient contacts, and an over-reliance on gloves. We recommend further research on contextual challenges and hygiene perceptions among EMS providers to clarify future improvement strategies.
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Rusca, Maria, Cecilia Alda-Vidal, Michaela Hordijk, and Nienke Kral. "Bathing without water, and other stories of everyday hygiene practices and risk perception in urban low-income areas: the case of Lilongwe, Malawi." Environment and Urbanization 29, no. 2 (May 26, 2017): 533–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247817700291.
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Hygiene plays a key role in tipping the balance towards reduction of diarrhoeal and other infectious diseases. Yet it has often been overlooked, positioned as a “supporting rider” of water supply and sanitation services, or narrowly understood as handwashing. By focusing on handwashing infrastructure as proposed for the monitoring of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, development actors might miss the opportunity of capturing hygiene practices that are socially embedded and can act as a catalyst for change and risk reduction. We develop this argument by presenting an in-depth examination of hygiene practices in a low-income neighbourhood of Lilongwe, Malawi. Despite the high poverty levels and the constant water shortages in the area, a number of water-intensive hygiene practices are consistently carried out, proving that hygiene is central to residents’ everyday lives. Development projects should start by identifying these practices and by reflecting on the extent that these already work or can be made to work for reducing health-related risks.