Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hyperoxie'
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Höhn, Thomas. "Effekte von Hyperoxie und Stickstoffmonoxid beim Neugeborenen." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965683826.
Full textHöhn, Thomas. "Effekte von Hyperoxie und Stickstoffmonoxid beim Neugeborenen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13827.
Full textThe present investigations deal with the effects and interactions of gases, which are ubiquitous in the human body i.e. oxygen and nitric oxide. Both substances are small enough to freely diffuse across biological membranes. This ability predestines both molecules for the function of signal transduction. The results of our investigations lead to conclusions as follows: * Nitric oxide has selective bacteriostatic effects in-vitro on some bacterial strains typically isolated from preterm and term newborn infants. Selectivity depends on the presence of bacterial defense mechanisms. The bacteriostatic effect takes place at concentrations above those currently used in clinical practice. * Hyperoxia leads to upregulation of iNOS and subsequent NO production in an animal model of the immature rat. Despite this upregulation of iNOS synthesis there is no increased production of peroxynitrite which is known to cause cellular and DNA damage. Since the combination of NO and high concentrations of oxygen lead to peroxynitrite formation on a regular basis, effective antioxidant mechanisms appear to prevent peroxynitrite formation in the brain of the immature rat. * The most pronounced activation of cord blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) during conditions of hyperoxia, normoxia, and hypoxia was found for exposure towards high oxygen concentrations in an in-vitro model of gas equilibration. As opposed to that, hypoxia was the most potent trigger for adult PMN. It remains to be determined which clinical implications must be derived from these results. However, increasing experimental evidence indicates that exposure towards high oxygen concentrations should be restricted also in clinical practice and not only in preterm infants, but also in term newborns.
Endesfelder, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "Protektive Strategien im Hyperoxie-Schädigungsmodell der neonatalen Ratte / Stefanie Endesfelder." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1196803048/34.
Full textTorrentino-Madamet, Marylin. "Influence des conditions environnementales sur le métabolisme de Plasmodium falciparum." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20700/document.
Full textP. falciparum is the main species responsible for severe case of malaria. The parasiteevolves between two hosts (human and mosquito), imposing to it different environments;especially changes in the O2 pressure, demanding astonishing adaptation skills for amicroaerophilic parasite. In the vertebrate host, the phenomena of cytoadhesion, which slowdown the spread of the parasite among others in the lungs, increase the timing of exposure tohyperoxic conditions.The parasitic response dynamic to hyperoxia has been analysed by a combinedtranscriptomic and proteomic approach. Some of the defense mechanisms against reactiveoxygen species have been evaluated, among which a potential alternative oxidase function.The exposure of the parasite to 21%O2 atmosphere leads to a growth delay atschizogony level. The oxidative stress resulting from the hyperoxia conducts to metabolicalterations, as an inhibition of the glycolysis in favour of respiration and as a slowdown of themetabolism of the digestive vacuole. This combined action on the mitochondrial and vacuolarmetabolisms allows the parasite to adapt itself to hyperoxic environment, by regulatingreactive oxygen species. Our works have shown that an inhibitor of the alternative oxidasefunction, the salicylhydroxamic acid or SHAM, with a minor effect on the parasite growth inmicroaerophily, had letal effect on parasites in hyperoxia.A better understanding of the parasitic biology could contribute to the development ofnew antimalarial treatments, associated with a hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Huyard, Fanny. "Impact du stress hyperoxique en période néonatale sur la structure vasculaire : implication des phénomènes de sénescence et rôle possible dans la programmation développementale de l'hypertension artérielle." Thèse, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12773.
Full textCe projet traite de la programmation développementale de l’hypertension artérielle (HTA) à travers des influences néonatales précoces pouvant moduler le développement vasculaire. Les bébés prématurés présentent des défenses antioxydantes diminuées comparés aux nouveau-nés à terme et sont exposés à la naissance à des concentrations élevées en oxygène (O2) engendrant la production d’espèces réactives de l’O2 (ERO). Les conséquences vasculaires à long terme de dommages liés aux ERO en période néonatale et les mécanismes impliqués sont très partiellement compris. Les précédents résultats du laboratoire ont montré qu’un stress hyperoxique néonatal conduit chez le rat adulte à de l’HTA, une dysfonction endothéliale et une rigidité artérielle, éléments de vieillissement vasculaire. Nous émettons l'hypothèse qu'un stress hyperoxique néonatale conduit à long terme à l'altération de la structure vasculaire et à un vieillissement vasculaire précoce. Nous avons démontré une diminution de la prolifération cellulaire, une capacité angiogénique altérée, des dommages à l’ADN et une augmentation de l’expression de protéines de sénescences (des indices de sénescence cellulaire) au-delà de la période néonatale suite à une exposition brève à l’O2 au niveau vasculaire dans un modèle animal (ratons Sprague-Dawley exposés à 80 % d’O2 du 3ème au 10ème jour de vie comparés à des ratons restés à l’air ambiant) et cellulaire (cellules musculaires lisses d'aortes thoraciques d'embryon de rat exposées à 40% O2 pendant 24h ou 48h, puis remises en normoxie pendant 96h). De plus, des altérations des composants de la structure vasculaire indiquant un remodelage vasculaire aortique ont été mises en évidence. Ces changements précèdent tous l’HTA et la dysfonction vasculaire observées dans le modèle animal à l’âge adulte et pourraient y contribuer. L’étude de jeunes adultes nés < 29 semaines comparés à des jeunes adultes nés à terme indique une augmentation de marqueurs de rigidité artérielle (indices d’un vieillissement vasculaire précoce) chez la population prématurée. L’ensemble des résultats démontre un vieillissement vasculaire précoce après une exposition néonatale transitoire à un stress hyperoxique permettant une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes physiopathologiques impliqués dans la survenue des troubles vasculaires retrouvés chez l’adulte et contribue à la mise en place de moyens de prévention chez des patients prématurés.
The scope of this thesis is developmental programming of arterial high blood pressure (HBP) hypertension through early neonatal stimuli that may alter vascular development. Premature newborns have decreased antioxidant defenses compared to term babies and are exposed upon birth to high oxygen (O2) concentration, causing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Long term vascular consequences of ROS related damage during the neonatal period and the mechanisms involved remain unknown. Recent data from the laboratory show that neonatal hyperoxic stress leads in adult rat to HBP, endothelial dysfunction and arterial rigidity, characteristic features of vascular aging. We hypothesize that a neonatal hyperoxic stress leads to long term vascular structure alteration explained by an early aging of the vascular system. We showed a decreased proliferation rate, an altered angiogenic capacity, as well as long term DNA damage and increased expression of senescence proteins at a vascular level following O2 exposure in the animal (male Sprague-Dawley pups kept at 80% O2 from postnatal days 3 to 10 vs. rats remained in room air) and cellular models (embryonic vascular smooth muscle cells from rat thoracic aorta exposed to 40% O2 for 24h or 48h followed by 96h recovery in control conditions). In addition, alterations of vascular structure components indicating vascular remodeling was shown before the onset of the HBP at adult age. Those changes precede the HBP and vascular dysfunction observed in our animal model at adult age and could contribute to them. Study of young adults born before 29 weeks vs. young adults born at term showed that young adults born preterm present indices of arterial stiffness vs. term controls. Results of the present thesis demonstrate a major role of premature vascular aging in the surge of vascular diseases in adulthood and contribute to a better understanding of the patho-physiological mechanisms involved and could put into practice new prevention strategies among preterm patients.
Molenat-Sérafin, Florence. "Effets de l'oxygène, hypoxie et hyperoxie, sur le système cardio-vasculaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX20674.
Full textHuman metabolism depends on the presence of oxygen. However, oxygen may have some toxic effects via the radical oxygen species. We studied, using Echocardiography and Doppler, the cardiovascular tolerance in healthy subjects submitted to environments with high or poor oxygen content. Intrinsic properties of the heart seemed well preserved. Cardiac contractility was unchanged in hypoxia and poorly decreased in hyperoxia. We observed that left ventricle (LV) filling was modified with a lower early filling, in hypoxia and hyperoxia, because of a decreased LV preload. Arterial tone was unchanged in hypoxia, but there was an marked arterial vasoconstriction in hyperoxia. However, we could not conclude weither it was pathological or adapted to the increased arterial content. At least, in hypobaric experiments, we demonstrated that the detection of circulating bubbles, using echocardiography and Doppler, could improve the security procedure, using individual procedures
Deffert, Delbouille Christine. "Modèles murins déficients en NOX1 ou NOX2 : applications physiopathologiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10335.
Full textReactive oxygen species (ROS) are molecules derived from oxygen. They are generated by professional NADPH oxidases (NOX). The NOX family is proteins that transfer electrons across biological membranes. In general, the electron acceptor is oxygen and the product of the electron transfer reaction is superoxide. Seven NOXs proteins has been described and all of them generate or ROS. Despite their similar structure and enzymatic function, NOX family enzymes differ in their mechanism of activation, their tissues, cellular and subcellular localizations and in consequence their physiological functions. Physiological and pathological roles of NOX enzymes are usually discovered in transgenic mouse models. The goal of this thesis was to determine two new roles of NOX1 in human diseases : hypertension and respiratory distress syndrome using Nox1-deficient mice. Secondly, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory role of NOX2 using Nox2-deficient mice. NOX1 has been involved in angiotensin II-induced hypertension. In this study, it has been demonstrated that NOX1-generated ROS have also implicated in angiotensin II-induced aneurysms. They can regulate the metallo-protease activity and fibrosis. NOX1 is activated by angiotensin II receptor (AT1) engagement. We have demontrated that NOX1 also regulates the AT1 expression to the plasma membrane. NOX1 seems to be a possible therapeutical target in hypertension and aneurysm formation. The respiratory distress syndrome especially in premature babies is characterized by immature lung development. During respiratory distress syndrome treatment with mechanical ventilation and high oxygen concentration, the lungs are exposed to increased oxidative stress leadings to pulmonary injury. During this study, we have demonstrated that Nox1 but not Nox2 participates to hyperoxie-induced lung injury. In Nox1-deficient mice, decreased ROS generation reduce cell death in alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells. NOX1 seems also to be possible therapeutical target in respiratory distress syndrome. Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an immunodeficiency syndrome due to mutations in gene gp91(phox) coding for NOX2 protein. In consequence, CGD patients suffer from severe and recurrent infections. Indeed, they present hyperinflammatory response which plays a role in the morbidity of the disease. During this study, we have demonstrated that a possible stimulus of this CGD inflammatory complication is the β-glycans, in Nox2-deficient mice. These glucose polymers induce inflammatory that cannot be resolved in absence of NOX2. Also, CGD hyperinflammation is characterized by important TNFα production. But the blockage of TNFα has not dampened CGD hyperinflammation. In the other hand, the blockage of the principal β-glycans receptor, dectin-1 pharmacologically or genetically, has reduced significantly CGD inflammation. These data constiture new therapeutical target in CGD inflammatory syndrome
Gösele, Michael. "Effekte einer frühen Beatmung mit reinem Sauerstoff auf histomorphologische Parameter von Lunge und Leber im Langzeitmodell des septischen Schocks beim Schwein." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-65831.
Full textKühn, Christine [Verfasser]. "Effekte einer intermittierenden Hyperoxie auf die mitochondriale Atmung in Alveolarmakrophagen / Christine Kühn." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105559882/34.
Full textBock, Ulf Bastian [Verfasser]. "Auswirkung von normobarer Hyperoxie auf die mitochondriale Atmung von Alveolarmakrophagen / Ulf Bastian Bock." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081432187/34.
Full textPRIEUR, FABRICE. "Consommation d'oxygene lors de l'exercice en ambiance hyperoxique normobarique : aspects methodologiques et reponses physiologiques (doctorat : biologie de l'exercice musculaire)." Saint-Etienne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STET002T.
Full textRichier, Sophie. "Adaptation au stress oxydant de l'association cnidaires-dinoflagellés : rôle de la symbiose." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE4107.
Full textIn a symbiotic association, organisms must adapt, at physiological and molecular level, to essential conditions for their mutual partner. In the symbiosis between the temperate sea anemone Anemonia viridis and a photosynthetic Dinoflagellate Symbiodinium sp. , animal tissues are daily submitted to endogenous hyperoxia/anoxia transitions, with O2 concentration reaching three times the normoxia. In order to understand mechanisms implied in protection against oxygen toxicity, one of the enzymes involved in antioxidant defence, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been studied. Biochemical and molecular analyses showed a large diversity of SOD isoformes, associated to unusual characteristics and the involvement of such isoformes in the resistance to either endogenous or exogenous (100 % O2) hyperoxia but also to prooxidant period such as thermal increase. Even resistant, this association can be disrupted. One of the mechanisms suggested would be an apoptotic process of the animal cell or symbiont under environmental stress. Several stresses were tested to demonstrate the implication of prooxidant period in the apoptotic phenomenon. Data suggest the induction of programmed cell death and caspase-like proteasic activity during oxidative stress. The later would be a key parameter in the disruption parameter of the symbiotic Cnidarians, commonly called “bleaching”
Schmitz, Thomas [Verfasser]. "Schädigung des unreifen Gehirns der Maus und der Ratte durch neonatale Hyperoxie / Thomas Schmitz." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156603412/34.
Full textZeyher, Clemens Conradin [Verfasser]. "Auswirkungen normobarer Hyperoxie auf zellulären Stress bei murinen Alveolarmakrophagen (AMJ2-C11) / Clemens Conradin Zeyher." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1064939694/34.
Full textBrehmer, Felix [Verfasser]. "Die Wirkung von Inflammation auf die Hyperoxie-induzierte Schädigung des unreifen Gehirns / Felix Brehmer." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047097524/34.
Full textGargne, Ombeline. "Exercice physique et plongée : aspects cardio-vasculaires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5043.
Full textDuring a dive, subjects undergo environmental stressors such as immersion, coldexposure, hypoxia, hyperoxia and physical exercise. All these stressors may be responsible forchanges in cardiovascular system and consequently modified autonomic nervous control. Theaim of this work was to assess physiological changes induced by diving to better understandinjuries reported during this activity. Investigations were performed in healthy men and inspearfishermen. Hemodynamic changes and endothelial function were assessed by 2-Dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Arterial wall compliance was estimated by pulsewave analysis. Autonomic nervous activity was assessed by power spectral density of heartrate variability (cardiac control) and blood pressure variability (vasomotor control). After an acute cycling exercise of 45 minutes in high intensity, the increase postexerciseof the blood flow and the endothéliale vasodilatation was reduced to musclesparticipating actively in the exercise compared with no active muscles. To explain thesedifferences, the contribution of the local inflammation and the important oxydative stress inthe active muscles of the exercise could have a role. Thermoneutral head-out water immersion induce hemodynamic and arterial changes. At rest, we observed a brachial arterial vasodilatation. This might be attributed to endothelialrequest inferred by increase of the peripheral arterial debit flow. Endothelial reactivity did notseem to be modified. With cycling exercise in low intensity,hemodynamic differencesobserved disappear. At rest, normobaric hyperoxia didn't affect blood pressure but induced an increase insystemic vascular resistances
Méthot, Vincent. "Imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle du rat à 7T." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8854.
Full textSteinberg, Jean-Guillaume. "Neurotoxicité aiguë de l'oxygène hyperbare : lipopéroxydation régionale cérébrale, systèmes neurotransmetteurs et relâche de corticolibérine et de somatostatine." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10231.
Full textLoiseaux, Marie-Nadia. "Stress oxydatif : approches methodologiques et resultats au cours des variations de l'oxygenation physiologique et pathologique ,chez l'homme (doctorat)." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF1MM14.
Full textWeber, Friederike Sophie [Verfasser]. "Effekte von Progesteron auf Hyperoxie-bedingte Schädigungsmechanismen in der C8-D1A Astrozytenzellkultur / Friederike Sophie Weber." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1052020682/34.
Full textThérène-Fenoglio, Marie-Catherine. "Effets neurochimiques de l'oxygène hyperbare : lipoperoxydation de différents organes périphériques et centraux, et étude de l'évolution dynamique d'acides aminés extracellulaires par microdialyse intramédullaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/1999AIX20676.pdf.
Full textOuattara, Alexandre. "Pharmacodynamie et pathopharmacodynamie cardiovasculaires du propofol et du rémifentanil." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066210.
Full textOn isolated heart model, we evaluated cardiac effects of propofol in compensated cardiac hypertrophy and during hyperoxia. In these pathophysiological conditions, the myocardial effects of propofol were not modified. However, coronary effects of propofol were significantly increased during hyperoxia. The cardiac and peripheral vascular effects of remifentanil were respectively evaluated on isolated rabbit heart and in critically ill patients in whom a total artificial heart had been implanted. We found that it was devoid of significant cardiac effects. In patients with artificial heart, remifentanil induced systemic arterial vasodilation. The vasopressinergic agonists have been proposed to correct anesthesia-induced hypotension. We compared cardiac effects of terlipressin, vasopressin and norepinephrine on an isolated heart model. We found that terlipressin, in concentrations at the lower end of the clinically therapeutic range, could have a better cardiac hemodynamic profile
Fischer, Christian. "Einfluss der frühen Hyperoxie auf Mikro- und Makrozirkulation sowie Metabolismus und Organfunktion im Rahmen des septischen Schocks." [S.l. : s.n.], 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-66492.
Full textSteer-Beck, Susanna Katharina [Verfasser]. "Der Einfluss von Hyperoxie und Hypoxie auf die renale Autoregulation wacher Ratten / Susanna Katharina Steer-Beck." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1029848343/34.
Full textLöber, Rebekka [Verfasser]. "Die protektive Wirkung von Erythropoietin in einem Neurodegenerationsmodell der neonatalen Ratte nach Hyperoxie-Exposition / Rebekka Löber." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025238982/34.
Full textBoos, Vinzenz [Verfasser]. "Aktivierung der Fas (Apo-1/CD95) Signaltransduktion durch Hyperoxie im neonatalen Gehirn von Nagetieren / Vinzenz Boos." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1023328127/34.
Full textBrait, Daniela [Verfasser]. "Die Auswirkung von Wachstumsfaktoren auf das neonatale Gehirn am Beispiel Hyperoxie- und MDMA-induzierter Neurotoxizität / Daniela Brait." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025939190/34.
Full textBoucherat, Olivier Bourbon Jacques R. "Mécanismes moléculaires du développement du parenchyme pulmonaire altérations dans la dysplasie bronchopulmonaire et la hernie de coupole diaphragmatique /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2007. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:8080/theses-npd/th0405098.pdf.
Full textThèse électronique uniquement consultable au sein de l'Université Paris 12 (Intranet). Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. : 318 réf.
Sifringer, Marco [Verfasser]. "Molekulare Mechanismen der Hyperoxie- und Trauma-induzierten Hirnschädigung im sich entwickelnden Gehirn von Maus und Ratte / Marco Sifringer." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1023579391/34.
Full textFriedrich, Vivien Leonie [Verfasser]. "Schädigung der weißen Substanz des unreifen Kleinhirns durch neonatale Hyperoxie und deren Vermeidung durch Minozyklin / Vivien Leonie Friedrich." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1148425519/34.
Full textChambellan, Arnaud. "Mécanismes de la réponse de l'épithelium des voies aériennes à l'agression : approche génomique de la réponse à l'hyperoxie et rôle de c-fos dans l'expression de NOS2." Nantes, 2009. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=379c1147-665a-443d-aabf-59a137bf0a5b.
Full textThe airway epithelium represents a unique adaptive model to the oxidative environment. We studied the hyperoxia response mechanisms by exposing healthy subjects to pure oxygen for 12 h and obtained the epithelial cells by brushing. The transcriptome analysis was performed by using pangenomic DNA microarrays. We confirmed the early involvement of redox and cell cycle pathways. We specify the importance of HSP70 and the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the maintenance of protein homeostasis and energy production. Nitric oxide plays a peculiar role among the antioxidant defense mechanisms. It is mainly produced by inducible NOS (NOS2) present in the airway epithelial cells. We investigated the role of the redox signaling pathway AP-1 (composed by transcriptional factors c-Fos/c-Jun) in NOS2 expression. By using RNA interference technology and A549 cell line, we obtained clones stably transfected with a c-Fos siRNA sequence (FOSi) and a scrambled siRNA sequence (FOSscr) as control. We observed a large decrease in NOS2 expression in FOSi compared to FOSscr, which was associated at the functional level to a decrease of the AP-1 binding complex on the NOS2 promoter on EMSA. These results highlight the importance of HSP70 and the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the airway epithelial response to hyperoxia (Chambellan et al. , Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2006) and the pivotal role of c-Fos in NOS2 expression (Chambellan et al. , Nitric Oxide 2009)
Devaux, Jacques. "Effets de l'hyperoxie chez l'homme sur la performance à l'exercice maximal et sur les modifications de l'homéostasie sanguine et du métabolisme musculaire." Saint-Etienne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STET6232.
Full textBoucherat, Olivier. "Mécanismes moléculaires du développement du parenchyme pulmonaire : altérations dans la dysplasie bronchopulmonaire et la hernie de coupole diaphragmatique." Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA120039.
Full textJehle, Roswitha. "Untersuchungen zur oxidativen Schädigung der Lunge Hyperoxie in vivo und Kultivierung isolierter Typ-II-Pneumozyten in Gegenwart von H202 /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974924636.
Full textBörner, Constanze [Verfasser]. "Die neuroprotektive Wirkung des speziellen Caspase-2-Inhibitors TRP601 am Modell der neonatalen Ratte nach Hyperoxie-Exposition / Constanze Börner." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1052530494/34.
Full textTissier, Cindy. "Aspects métaboliques de la reperfusion myocardique : étude corrélative des effets des substrats, de l'oxygène et de l'insuline sur la récupération post-ischémique du cardiomyocyte." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOMU18.
Full textThe determination of the most favorable conditions for the myocardial recovery during the post-ischemic reperfusion is still elusive. The present study aimed at defining the effects of glucose and of various different fatty acids (FA) on the recovery of post-ischemic cardiac muscle cells. Cardiomyocytes (CM) from newborn rats were subjected to 2. 5 h of ‘‘ischemia’’ simulated by a substrate-free hypoxia (SI), followed by 2 h of “reperfusion” simulated by reoxygenation in absence of substrate (CTRL) or in the presence of glucose (GLC), octanoic acid (OCTA) or oleic acid (OLE), added as single or combinated substrate(s). During simulated ischemia, the electromechanical activity ceased gradually and cellular viability and mitochondrial function dramatically decreased. The substrate-free standard reperfusion provided a near normal functional recovery, although incomplete and delayed (after 30 min of reperfusion). GLC or OLE given at the onset of reperfusion hastened this recovery, while GLC was the sole subtrate to improve the post-ischemic mitochondrial function. Conversely, the addition of any substrate at the time of reperfusion worsened the cellular viability in comparison with the substrate-free “reperfusion”. Finally, GLC+OLE combination entailed the most favourable recovery in respect of metabolic, functional and viability markers. On the other hand, a rise in the oxygen partial pressure during the post-ischemic period improved the resumption of mitochondrial function and viability. Moreover, the presence of a single substrate and a high oxygen level modulated the expression of the mRNA of glucose and FA transport proteins and of apoptosis markers. These results suggest a modulation of metabolic and survival pathways by the conditions of reperfusion at the molecular level. Finally, the presence of insulin before ischemia protected against ischemic-induced membraneous damages. However, the effect of insulin on the post-ischemic recovery depended upon both time of addition and the presence of glucose during reperfusion. The gain in recovery by a preischemic supply of insulin appeared at late time of reperfusion (6 h), while its post-ischemic addition provided earlier beneficial effects (1 and 2 h). To conclude, the post-“ischemic” CM recovery clearly depended on the characteristics of the available substrate during the reperfusion period (nature, chain length, insaturation degree). Therefore, the modulation of the energy metabolism with appropriate substrate, oxygen amount and insulin supply, should be taken into account in the different reperfusion strategies in order to contribute to the most favourable cardiocellular recovery
Courtiere, Alain. "Etude in vivo chez le rat et la souris et in vitro sur membranes cellulaires de l'impact toxique de l'oxygène : modifications de récepteurs membranaires et variations endogènes de la lipoperoxydation, de l'acide ascorbique et de la superoxyde dismutase à cuivre." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10084.
Full textGarait, Blandine. "Le stress oxydant induit par voie métabolique (régimes alimentaires) ou par voie gazeuse (hyperoxie) et effet de la GliSODin®." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10203.
Full textMitochondria, through its respiratory chain, is the main source of reactive oxygen species (ros). Two essential parameters can modulate that production: the nature of reduced equivalents (nadh, h+ and fadh2) and the supply in oxygen. In the present study, we examined the effects of diets (modifying the proportion between nadh,h+ and fadh2) and of hyperoxia (modifying the supply in o2) on the production of h2o2 by skeletal muscle and/or liver rat mitochondria. It appears that fat intake reverses the beneficial effects of caloric restriction on ros production. High fructose diet increases of h2o2 released by mitochondria, that can be prevented by glisodin® a vegetable superoxide dismutase (sod) supplement. Hyperoxic preconditioning (4 days at 50% of o2 followed by 5 days at 80% of o2) would reduce the ros production by enhancing cytochrome c oxydase (cox) activity
Theunissen, Sigrid. "Intérêt de l'apport en chocolat noir dans la prévention des effets de la plongée à l'air et en apnée sur l'endothélium vasculaire." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063135.
Full textBruzzese, Laurie. "Réponses cellulaires du système adénosinergique à la dysoxie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5046.
Full textDysoxia (hypoxia/hyperoxia) results from an impaired balance between oxygen-supply concentration and cellular metabolism causing various disorders. Hypoxia and inflammation involve HIF-1a and NF-kB factors and are linked via the adenosinergic response. Hypoxia increase adenosine concentration and A2A receptors (A2AR) expression which induces T-lymphocyte suppression. We hypothesized that during hypoxia, inflammation influences adenosinergic immunosuppression via NF-kB. As homocysteine promotes inflammation, which is considered as a risk factor, we hypothesized that hyperomocysteinemia affects T-cell viability and adenosinergic response. Effects of hyperoxic and hyperbaric conditions on adenosinergic system remain unclear. NF-kB, HIF-1α, and A2AR expression were studied using T-cells stimulated by mitogens under hypoxic conditions (CoCl2). Adenosine, adenosine deaminase, cAMP concentration and homocysteine metabolism were analyzed. Effect of hyperoxia on the adenosinergic pathway was addressed in a rat model using pressure chambers. HIF-1α production was induced by hypoxia, A2AR expression increased following NF-kB activation that enhanced lymphocyte-suppression. Inhibition of NF-kB by H2S resulted in improved cell-viability by down-regulating A2AR-mediated-immunosuppression. Hyperhomocysteinemia increased H2S production (transsulfuration-pathway). We also found in rat that hyperoxia repressed the adenosinergic response. Manipulating blood oxygen level constitutes an effective mean to control the immune response and inflammation via the adenosinergic system. Acting on A2AR expression via H2S production may control cardiovascular-disorders with high impact on public health
Winiszewski, Hadrien. "Oxygénation sous ECMO veino-artérielle pour choc cardiogénique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCE029.
Full textAlthough primarily used to restore hemodynamic, VA ECMO significantly affects arterial oxygenation, and severe hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 300 mmHg) is frequently reported. It is of concern, as several observational studies have reported an association between right radial PaO2 and poor outcome in cardiogenic shock (CS) supported by VA ECMO.Currently it is recommended to avoid hyperoxemia. However, managing PaO2 during peripheral VA ECMO is complex. We first conducted a literature review. In the case of femoro-femoral VA ECMO, there is a differential oxygenation phenomenon. The upper body is perfused by native cardiac output and oxygenated by the lung. Then, PaO2 of the proximal aorta and its first branch (such as brachiocephalic trunk) is affected by inspired oxygen fraction, positive end expiratory pressure, but also by ECMO blood flow and sweep gas oxygen fraction (FSO2). The lower body is perfused and oxygenated by the ECMO, and postoxygenator oxygen partial pressure (PPOSTO2) is mainly determined by FSO2. Despite the major role of FSO2 in ECMO-induced hyperoxemia, little is known about setting of FSO2 in daily practice.Then, we conducted an observational study of 139 patients in 15 ICU, aiming at describing oxygenation practices during VA ECMO support for CS. Median FSO2 from day 1 to 7 was 70% [57-79]. PPOSTO2 was measured in only 28% of patients in 4 centers, and revealed significant hyperoxemia as two third of values were above 150 mmHg. Interestingly, mean right radial PaO2 day1-3, but also mean FSO2 day1-3 were associated with in-ICU mortality.Although it is plausible that hyperoxemia may be harmful by boosting ischemia-reperfusion injuries, it may also be a marker of cardiac failure severity. The mixing zone location, i.e. the point in the aorta where the native and the extracoporeal circulations meet, varies depending on native cardiac output and ECMO support. In the most severe cardiac failure, the mixing zone is proximal in the aorta, before the brachiocephalic trunk, and right radial PaO2 is mainly determined by FSO2. Then, the most hyperoxemic patients may be those with the most severe cardiac failure, having per se a worse prognosis.To determine whether hyperoxemia affects patient outcome or not, we conducted a pilot randomized trial aiming at evaluating the feasibility of a conservative extracorporeal oxygen target strategy (PPOSTO2 100 to 150 mmHg), and comparing it to a liberal one (FSO2 maintained at 100%) regarding to organ dysfunction in the first week of VA ECMO support. The intervention was FSO2 titration based on PPOSTO2 monitoring, at least twice a day. Patients with CS supported by VA ECMO for less than 6 hours were enrolled. The primary outcome was intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) concentration on day 2, a specific marker of small bowel damage. Secondary outcomes were feasibility, biomarkers of renal and hepatic function from day 0 to 6 after randomization. Fifty-five patients were randomized (29 in conservative arm, 26 in liberal arm). The two arms were well separated: FSO2 61 (±7) % versus 98 (±7) %, and PPOSTO2 130 (±40) mmHg versus 420 (±50) mmHg, in the conservative and liberal arms, respectively. However, in the conservative arm, the median percentage of PPOSTO2 in the target window was only 38% [IQR 20-46], reflecting an important variability of PPOSTO2. There was no difference in IFABP level on day 2, nor in serum creatinine, need for renal replacement therapy, ASAT and prothrombin time.Our results suggest that ECMO-induced hyperoxemia is frequent and underestimated in daily practice, as PPOSTO2 is not routinely monitored. Titrating FSO2 aiming at mild postoxygenator hyperoxemia does not seem to improve organ dysfunction in the first week of VA ECMO support. However, maintaining PPOSTO2 in the target window is difficult. Future research with continuous monitoring of postoxygenator oxygenation is needed to definitively evaluate the benefit of FSO2 titration in VA ECMO
Kraus, Stephan. "Photodynamische Therapie (PDT) mit 5-Aminolävulinsäure (5-ALA) : Einfluss von inspiratorischer Hypoxie und Hyperoxie auf die Behandlungseffektivität und das metabolische Mikromilieu /." Giessen : DVG Service, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=012835344&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textBlüml, Carolin Sigrid [Verfasser], and Rolf Felix [Akademischer Betreuer] Maier. "Auswirkungen von Ischämie, Hypoxie und Hyperoxie am unreifen Gehirn der Ratte: Immunhistochemische Untersuchungen und Genexpressionsanalysen / Carolin Sigrid Blüml ; Betreuer: Rolf Felix Maier." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1187443573/34.
Full textWunderlich, Thomas [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Koch, and Johann Peter [Gutachter] Kuhtz-Buschbeck. "Einfluss von Hyperoxie auf das Endothel und die diastolische Funktion des Menschen / Thomas Wunderlich ; Gutachter: Johann Peter Kuhtz-Buschbeck ; Betreuer: Andreas Koch." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00608-0.
Full textVillalba, Pablo. "Modifications électrocardiographiques en plongée sportive : influence de la pression, de la pression partielle d'oxygène et de l'immersion." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M213.
Full textKlein, Fabian [Verfasser]. "Die Rolle von Interleukin-6 in der Hyperoxie-induzierten Lungenschädigung als Mausmodell der bronchopulmonalen Dysplasie : histochemische und molekulargenetische Untersuchung am Mausmodell / Fabian Klein." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162627484/34.
Full textHornung, Rouven [Verfasser]. "Effekte einer postinterventionellen Kombination von therapeutischer Hypothermie und Hyperoxie auf Hämodynamik und Organfunktion in einem Langzeitmodell des hämorrhagischen Schocks beim Schwein / Rouven Hornung." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1152324454/34.
Full textHertting, Klaus [Verfasser], and A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Honig. "Atmungs- und Kreislaufreaktionen normotensiver (WKY) und spontan hypertensiver (SHR) Ratten bei gemeinsamem Auftreten von Hyperoxie und nichthypotensivem Blutverlust / Klaus Hertting ; Betreuer: A. Honig." Greifswald : Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1153673290/34.
Full textKraus, Stephan [Verfasser]. "Photodynamische Therapie (PDT) mit 5-Aminolävulinsäure (5-ALA) : Einfluss von inspiratorischer Hypoxie und Hyperoxie auf die Behandlungseffektivität und das metabolische Mikromilieu / eingereicht von Stephan Kraus." Gießen : DVG-Service, 2004. http://d-nb.info/972521410/34.
Full textScheuer, Till [Verfasser], Juri [Akademischer Betreuer] Rappsilber, Juri [Gutachter] Rappsilber, and Thomas [Gutachter] Schmitz. "Die Schädigung des unreifen Kleinhirns durch Hyperoxie in Ratten als Modell der Hirnschädigung bei Frühgeborenen / Till Scheuer ; Gutachter: Juri Rappsilber, Thomas Schmitz ; Betreuer: Juri Rappsilber." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1156012228/34.
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