To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Hypersegmented.
Journal articles on the topic 'Hypersegmented'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Hypersegmented.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Maslak, P. "Hypersegmented Neutrophil." ASH Image Bank 2003, no. 0115 (2003): 100602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/ashimagebank-2003-100602.
Full text
2
Kadin, M. "Hypersegmented PMN." ASH Image Bank 2003, no. 0507 (2003): 100699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/ashimagebank-2003-100699.
Full text
3
Lokwani, Ravi, Peter A. B. Wark, Katherine J. Baines, Daniel Barker, and Jodie L. Simpson. "Hypersegmented airway neutrophils and its association with reduced lung function in adults with obstructive airway disease: an exploratory study." BMJ Open 9, no. 1 (2019): e024330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024330.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectivesThe significance of neutrophilic inflammation in obstructive airway disease remains controversial. Recent studies have demonstrated presence of an active neutrophil population in systemic circulation, featuring hypersegmented morphology, with high oxidative burst and functional plasticity in inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to characterise neutrophil subsets in bronchial lavage (BL) of obstructive airway disease participants (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis) and healthy controls on the basis of nuclear morphology and to assess the association between neutrophil subsets and the clinical parameters of the obstructive airway disease participants.DesignA cross-sectional exploratory study.SettingJohn Hunter Hospital and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Australia.ParticipantsSeventy-eight adults with obstructive airway disease comprised those with stable asthma (n=39), COPD (n=20) and bronchiectasis (n=19) and 20 healthy controls.Materials and methodsCytospins were prepared and neutrophil subsets were classified based on nuclear morphology into hypersegmented (>4 lobes), normal (2–4 lobes) and banded (1 lobe) neutrophils and enumerated.ResultsNeutrophils from each subset were identified in all participants. Numbers of hypersegmented neutrophils were elevated in participants with airway disease compared with healthy controls (p<0.001). Both the number and the proportion of hypersegmented neutrophils were highest in COPD participants (median (Q1–Q3) of 1073.6 (258.8–2742) × 102/mL and 24.5 (14.0–46.5)%, respectively). An increased proportion of hypersegmented neutrophils in airway disease participants was significantly associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity per cent (Spearman’s r=−0.322, p=0.004).ConclusionNeutrophil heterogeneity is common in BL and is associated with more severe airflow obstruction in adults with airway disease. Further work is required to elucidate the functional consequences of hypersegmented neutrophils in the pathogenesis of disease.
4
Okazaki, Yuji, Takashi Watabu, Koji Endo, and Hiroshi Oiwa. "Hypersegmented Neutrophils in Methotrexate Toxicity." Internal Medicine 57, no. 7 (2018): 1055–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.9684-17.
Full text
5
Fox, Eleonore, Rowena Jones, Romit Samanta, and Charlotte Summers. "Characterising the transcriptome of hypersegmented human neutrophils." Wellcome Open Research 6 (December 14, 2021): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17440.1.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Mature human neutrophils are characterised by their multilobed nuclear morphology. Neutrophil hypersegmentation, a pathologic nuclear phenotype, has been described in the alveolar compartment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and in several other contexts. This study aimed to characterise the transcriptional changes associated with neutrophil hypersegmentation. Methods: A model of hypersegmentation was established by exposing healthy peripheral blood neutrophils to the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) captopril. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was then adapted to isolate a population of hypersegmented neutrophils. Transcriptomic analysis of microdissected hypersegmented neutrophils was undertaken using ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing. Differential gene expression (DEG) and enrichment pathway analysis were conducted to investigate the mechanisms underlying hypersegmentation. Results: RNA-Seq analysis revealed the transcriptomic signature of hypersegmented neutrophils, with five genes differentially expressed. VCAN, PADI4 and DUSP4 were downregulated, while LTF and PSMC4 were upregulated. Modulated pathways included histone modification, protein-DNA complex assembly and antimicrobial humoral response. The role of PADI4 was further validated using the small molecule inhibitor, Cl-amidine. Conclusions: Hypersegmented neutrophils display a marked transcriptomic signature, characterised by the differential expression of five genes. This study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying neutrophil hypersegmentation and describes a novel method to isolate and sequence neutrophils based on their morphologic subtype.
6
MacMynowski, Douglas G. "Control of a Hypersegmented Space Telescope." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 35, no. 3 (2012): 861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.55428.
Full text
7
Salib, Christian, and Julie Teruya-Feldstein. "Hypersegmented granulocytes and COVID-19 infection." Blood 135, no. 24 (2020): 2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020006483.
Full text
8
Pallesen, G., M. Madsen, and J. Hastrup. "Large-Cell T-Lymphoma with Hypersegmented Nuclei." Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 26, no. 1 (2009): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1981.tb01627.x.
Full text
9
Francis, Feby T., Aysha Ali, and Priya P. Kartha. "Hypersegmented neutrophils in peripheral smear –An etiological analysis." Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology 9, no. 1 (2022): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2022.009.
Full textAbstract:
Hypersegmentation of neutrophils is defined as presence of 5% or more neutrophils with five or more lobes or single neutrophil with 6 lobes. It is usually associated with deficiency of or failure to utilize cobalamin or folate and impaired DNA synthesis is the accepted mechanism for the morphological changes seen in megaloblastosis. Other causes of neutrophil hypersegmentation (NH) listed include microcytic hypochromic anemia(MHA) but the evidence for this is based mainly on a limited number of case studies in which MHAs with vit B12 and folic acid deficiency also were included. More studies are needed to establish itiological factors other than already established megaloblastic anemia.The present study was conducted in Department of Pathology in a tertiary care centre in Central Kerala, India. 100 cases peripheral smears with NH were evaluated. Aim of the study was to classify the itiological factors of NH in peripheral smears, study NH in microcytic hypochromic anemia and to check whether there is any connection between microcytic hypochromic anemia with NH and thrombocytosis. Complete blood count of all cases were taken using automated hematology analysers. Peripheral smear picture were correlated with the blood counts. Cases with MHA were examined for underlying vit B12 and folic acid deficiency. Study shows that 31% cases of peripheral smears with hypersegmentaion of neutrophils were pure microcytic hypochromic anemias with normal vitB12 and folic acid levels. Study also points to increased incidence thrombocytosis in pure MHA cases compared to other etiological factors.
10
Im, Daniel D., Cynthia H. Ho, and Randall Y. Chan. "Hypersegmented Neutrophils in an Adolescent Male With Heatstroke." Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 37, no. 6 (2015): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mph.0000000000000356.
Full text
11
Nivedita, Singh, and O.P.Dwivedi. "A Prospective Etiological Assessment of Hypersegmented Neutrophils in Peripheral Blood Smear." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 12, no. 8 (2022): 310–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11609031.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Background: </strong>Hypersegmented Neutrophils Are Usually Associated With Deficiency Of Or Failure To Utilize Cobalamin Or Folate And Impaired DNA Synthesis Is The Accepted Mechanism For The Morphological Changes Seen In Megaloblastosis. <strong>Material & Methods: </strong>This Is A Prospective Study Conducted In Department Of Pathology, NMCH, Patna, Bihar, India, From April 2018 To March 2019. <strong>Results: </strong>Cases Were Further Analyzed For Associated Peripheral Smear Picture. Although Major Cases Were Contributed By Macrocytic Anemia, 46 Cases Were Having Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia. Out Of The 120 Cases, Only 4 Had Thrombocytopenia. 91 Cases Had Platelet Count In The Normal Range. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Present Study Indicates That Other Than The Already Established Causes Of Neutrophil Hyper Segmentation, Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia, Myelodysplastic Syndromes And Inflammatory Conditions Also Can Cause Hypersegmented Neutrophils In Peripheral Smears.
12
Deepali, Singh Akanksha, and Pallavi Abhilasha. "Prospective Assessment of the Association between Neutrophil Hypersegmentation in Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia and Thrombocytosis." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 12 (2022): 508–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13212801.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the present study to evaluate peripheral smears with hypersegmented neutrophils and classified the etiological factors. <strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was conducted in Department of Pathology, Patna Medical College, Patna, Bihar, India. EDTA blood samples received in the hematology laboratory were analysed for hypersegmentation of neutrophils using geimsa stained peripheral smears. Neutrophils hypersegmentation is defined as the presence of five or more five-lobed neutrophils per 100, or any neutrophils with six or more lobes. 100 such cases which satisfied the inclusion criteria were taken as sample size. <strong>Results: </strong>Majority of cases was males and majority of cases were in the age group 40-60. The major cases were contributed by macrocytic anemia, 40% cases were having microcytic hypochromic anemia. The result showed that out of the 41 cases with normocytic normochromic blood picture, only 10 had subnormal levels of either Vit B12 or folic acid values. Rest of the 30 cases had normal Vit B12 and folic acid levels. So we can come to the conclusion that out of the 100 cases with hypersegmented neutrophils in peripheral smear 31% cases were having pure microcytic hypochromic anemia without any vit B12 or folic acid deficiency. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study indicated that other than the already established causes of neutrophil hypersegmentation, microcytic hypochromic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and inflammatory conditions also can cause hypersegmented neutrophils in peripheral smears.
13
Thompson, Warren G., Cara Cassino, Lisa Babitz, et al. "Hypersegmented Neutrophils and Vitamin B12 Deficiency." Acta Haematologica 81, no. 4 (1989): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000205559.
Full text
14
Umehara, Tadashi, Hiroshi Yaguchi, Masahiko Suzuki, Eiji Isozaki, and Soichiro Mochio. "Are hypersegmented neutrophils a characteristic of Boucher–Neuhäuser syndrome?" Journal of the Neurological Sciences 295, no. 1-2 (2010): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.05.005.
Full text
15
Ranjan, Kumar Rajan, Shakir Ahmad MD, and Dutta Chittaranjan. "To Evaluate Peripheral Smears with Hypersegmented Neutrophils-an Etiological Analysis in Tertiary Care Center of North Bihar." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 5 (2022): 439–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13827181.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate peripheral smears with hypersegmented neutrophils and classify the etiological factors. <strong>Material & Method: </strong>This is a prospective study carried out over a period of one year conducted in Department of Pathology, Darbhanga Medical College, Laheriasarai, Darbhanga, Bihar, India. EDTA blood samples received in our hematology laboratory were analyzed for hyper segmentation of neutrophils using leishman stained peripheral smears. <strong>Results: </strong>Although major cases were contributed by macrocytic anemia, 43.7% cases were having microcytic hypochromic anemia. Out of the 42 cases with normocytic normochromic blood picture; only 12 had subnormal levels of either Vit B12 or folic acid values. Rest of the 30 cases had normal Vit B12 and folic acid levels. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Microcytic hypochromic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and inflammatory conditions also can cause hypersegmented neutrophils in peripheral smears. Study also points to increased incidence thrombocytosis in pure Microcytic hypochromic anemia cases compared to other etiological factors which is still to be established with further detailed studies.
16
Salib, Christian, Pallavi Khattar, Jinjun Cheng, and Julie Teruya-Feldstein. "Atypical Peripheral Blood Cell Morphology in COVID-19 (Sars-CoV-2) Patients from Mount Sinai Health System in New York City." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142581.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent studies have suggested that COVID-19 positive patients present with leukopenia, lymphopenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, and higher neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte: lymphocyte ratio (MLR). More recently, we reported hypersegmented granulocytes and COVID-19 infection in Blood. 2020 Jun 11;135(24):2196. Neutrophil hypersegmentation has been closely associated with vitamin B12, folate and iron deficiencies, as well as methotrexate use, chemotherapy toxicity, uremia, heat stroke, myelodysplasia and Boucher-Neuhäuser Syndrome. Initially, these cytomorphologic changes may easily be overlooked or dismissed as non-specific reactive changes. In this study, we expand our initial observation on our index case to a larger case series. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest case series to describe the concurrent lymphocyte and unique granulocyte atypia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS Study Design 2,199 patients were hospitalized in the Mount Sinai Health System from Feb 27 to April 2, 2020 with confirmed COVID-19 positivity. Data obtained for this study was covered under an Institutional Review Board (IRB) waiver, HS#:12-00133 GCO#1:12-036(0001-08) Inclusion criteria 50 peripheral blood smears flagged for Pathologist review from March 13 - April 20, 2020 at Mount Sinai Hospital Clinical Hematology Laboratory were included in this study. All suspected COVID-19 cases were confirmed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to test nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens, per WHO guidelines. Of the 50 COVID-19 positive peripheral blood smears, 39 slides were scanned and imaged with Scopio Labs X100 Full Field Digital Microscope. The X100 provided high resolution oil-immersion level images of large scanned areas. https://scopiolabs.com/hematology/ 19 peripheral blood smears were blindly and independently reviewed by 4 Hematopathologists (CS, PK, JC, JTF), with particular emphasis on granulocyte cytomorphology and percent of hypersegmented neutrophils present (defined as neutrophils with 5 or more nuclear lobes in at least 3% of cells or presence of 6 or more lobes). Atypical lymphocyte morphology was also evaluated and categorized as Downey type I, II, III or plasmacytoid, while monocyte morphology was assessed for unusual nuclear folds and features. Evaluation of platelets and other abnormalities were noted. The presence and degree of significant cytologic atypia was recorded and compared to 20 COVID-19 negative blood smears. RESULTS 16 of the 19 (84%) COVID-19 positive cases showed hypersegmented neutrophils, and all 19 harbored atypical lymphocytes and monocyte morphology, with giant platelets. In contrast, 5 of the 20 (25%) COVID-19 negative cases showed hypersegmented neutrophils, with 2 patients displaying atypical monocytes; none showed atypical lymphocytes or giant platelets (p = 0.022). Concurrent laboratory values showed no evidence of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Representative images are summarized in Figure 1 (A-C, 5-6 lobed neutrophils; D-E atypical plasmacytoid lymphocytes, G-I atypical monocytes, J-L giant platelets). CONCLUSION We report atypical hypersegmented neutrophils with toxic cytoplasmic change, atypical monocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, and giant platelets in peripheral blood smears of COVID-19 patients which are significantly higher than in control COVID-19 negative patients. Figure 1 Disclosures Teruya-Feldstein: Edge Anthem: Consultancy.
17
Neogi, Sohini Sengupta, Monica Thomas, Archna Sharma, Jaishree Kumar, and Uma Khanduri. "Early markers of occult megaloblastosis for low-cost detection of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with ischaemic stroke: preventive approach for primary health care." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 92, no. 9 (2014): 713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2014-0096.
Full textAbstract:
Recent studies have focussed on the association between elevated homocysteine levels with megaloblastic changes and thromboembolic events, but the relationship between occult megaloblastosis (with normal haemoglobin levels) and ischaemic stroke has not been widely explored. The objective of this study is to establish a simple and economical marker for the detection of occult megaloblastosis at the community health care level in developing countries. A hundred patients who met the inclusion criteria were studied. At the 5% level of significance, the levels of cobalamin and folate were significantly lower, while the number of hypersegmented neutrophils on the peripheral smear was higher in patients from Group A (70 patients with high homocysteine) compared with the patients in Group B (30 patients with normal homocysteine). Forty-five (64.2%) of the 70 patients in Group A showed hypersegmentation of neutrophils in the peripheral smear. The high cost and difficulty in performing the vitamin assays limit their use as early markers of megaloblastosis. Hence, we conclude that in developing countries, the detection of hypersegmented neutrophils can be used at the primary healthcare level for early diagnosis of occult megaloblastosis, so that early therapeutic interventions with vitamins can prevent attacks of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced ischaemic stroke.
18
Kologrivova, E. N., R. I. Pleshko, O. V. Cheremisina, M. A. Boldyshevskaya, E. A. Gereng, and T. F. Nasibov. "Tissue pool of hypersegmented neutrophils in patients with precancerous and tumor diseases of the larynx and laryngopharynx." Russian Journal of Immunology 27, no. 4 (2024): 929–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-16626-tpo.
Full textAbstract:
The presence of neutrophils in a tumor often correlates with an unfavorable prognosis, however, there is still no clear answer about the role of tumor-associated neutrophils and the relationship of their morphofunctional features with the prognosis of the course of the disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the structural features of tissue neutrophil nuclei in the pathological zone in patients with precancerous changes and malignant neoplasms in the larynx. Eight people with precancerous changes in the larynx, 18 patients with localized cancer of the larynx (stages II and III of the tumor process and the absence of metastases – T2- 3N0M0), and 12 patients with advanced cancer (stage III of tumor diseases and regional metastases – T3N1- 2M0) were examined. Blood slides and smear prints of tissue biopsies from three localizations were examined: 1 – zones of the pathological focus; 2 – boundaries between the pathological focus and conditionally healthy tissue; and 3 – conditionally healthy tissue. In the blood of patients with precancerous changes in the larynx and cancer patients, the main part of neutrophils was represented by cells with a 4-segment nucleus, and the number of hypersegmented forms (5 or more segments) was higher than in the blood of healthy volunteers (p 0.002). The same type of changes in smear prints of biopsies from different areas of the pathological focus in patients with precancerous and malignant neoplasms were revealed: as they approached the pathological focus, an increase the cells with 4-5 or more segments was observed. The content of hypersegmented forms was maximum in the pathological focus. Only in patients with a widespread tumor process, neutrophils with a 4-segment nucleus dominated the immediate environment of the tumor. As the tumor spreads and metastases form, the proportion of hypersegmented cells increases in the population of intra-tumor neutrophils. It is very likely that the morphological features of tissue neutrophils in different zones of the pathological focus reflect their functional heterogeneity, and hypersegmetation of nuclei can be considered as a potential predictor of the development and progression of the tumor process.
19
Ekem, I. A. E. "Hypersegmented neutrophils and reversible hyperpigmentation in vitamin B12 deficiency in Ghana." Case Reports 2009, sep15 1 (2009): bcr0820080686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr.08.2008.0686.
Full text
20
Suman, Kumar, and Kumari Archana. "A Hospital Based Study to Evaluate Peripheral Smears with Hypersegmented Neutrophils and Classified the Etiological Factors." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 15, no. 06 (2023): 85–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582232.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAim: The aim of the present study to evaluate peripheral smears with hypersegmentedneutrophils and classified the etiological factors.Methods: The current investigation was carried out at the department of Pathology, BhagwanMahavir Institute of Medical Sciences, Pawapuri, Nalanda, Bihar, India for one year from 1May 2022 to 30 April 2023. Using geimsa stained peripheral smears, the hematologylaboratory examined EDTA blood samples for neutrophil hypersegmentation. The presenceof five or more neutrophils with five lobes per 100 or any neutrophils with six or more lobesis referred to as neutrophil hypersegmentation. 100 cases like these that met the inclusioncriteria were used as the sample size.Results: Males made up the majority of cases, and cases primarily between the ages of 40and 60. 40% of cases had microcytic hypochromic anemia, which was a key contributor tothe cases. Only 10 of the 40 individuals with normocytic, normochromic blood images hadsubnormal levels of either vitamin B12 or folic acid, according to the results. The remaining30 individuals had normal levels of folic acid and vitamin B12. So it follows that 30% of the100 individuals with hypersegmented neutrophils in the peripheral smear were puremicrocytic hypochromic anemia without any vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency.Conclusion: The present study indicated that other than the already established causes ofneutrophil hypersegmentation, microcytic hypochromic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromesand inflammatory conditions also can cause hypersegmented neutrophils in peripheralsmears
21
Askarifirouzjaei, Hadi, Leila Khajoueinejad, Elena Wei, et al. "Sex Differences in Immune Cell Infiltration and Hematuria in SCI-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis." Pathophysiology 30, no. 3 (2023): 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathophysiology30030023.
Full textAbstract:
Rats manifest a condition called hemorrhagic cystitis after spinal cord injury (SCI). The mechanism of this condition is unknown, but it is more severe in male rats than in female rats. We assessed the role of sex regarding hemorrhagic cystitis and pathological chronic changes in the bladder. We analyzed the urine of male and female Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rats after experimental spinal cord contusion, including unstained microscopic inspections of the urine, differential white blood cell counts colored by the Wright stain, and total leukocyte counts using fluorescent nuclear stains. We examined bladder histological changes in acute and chronic phases of SCI, using principal component analysis (PCA) and clustered heatmaps of Pearson correlation coefficients to interpret how measured variables correlated with each other. Male rats showed a distinct pattern of macroscopic hematuria after spinal cord injury. They had higher numbers of red blood cells with significantly more leukocytes and neutrophils than female rats, particularly hypersegmented neutrophils. The histological examination of the bladders revealed a distinct line of apoptotic umbrella cells and disrupted bladder vessels early after SCI and progressive pathological changes in multiple bladder layers in the chronic phase. Multivariate analyses indicated immune cell infiltration in the bladder, especially hypersegmented neutrophils, that correlated with red blood cell counts in male rats. Our study highlights a hitherto unreported sex difference of hematuria and pathological changes in males and females’ bladders after SCI, suggesting an important role of immune cell infiltration, especially neutrophils, in SCI-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
22
Bhatia, Gunjan, Namita Goyal, Priyanka Parakh, Shuchi Goyal, Shelesh Kumar Swami, and Nitesh Kumar Chauhan. "A pilot project- Causes of hypersegmentation in neutrophils apart from existing causes." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 14, no. 2 (2024): 2189–92. https://doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v14i2.49969.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Hypersegmented neutrophils are one of the earliest indicators of megaloblastic anemia rather than raised MCV. Hypersegmented neutrophils are also seen as a part of myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndromes. Uremia, hyperthermia, and many drugs are also known to produce neutrophilic hypersegmentation. Congenital condition which is autosomal dominant in inheritance is known to cause hereditary hypersegmentation. We aimed to evaluate causes of hypersegmentation in peripheral smear apart from already known causes. Materials and methods: The study was conducted for three years. EDTA samples collected in the hematology lab were evaluated for hypersegmentation and other associated findings by examining the giemsa-stained peripheral smears. The study population was classified according to the size of red blood cells i.e. normocytic, microcytic, and macrocytic population. Other associated factors like chronic infections, drug history, and other significant history were also recorded on a predesigned proforma. Results: After obtaining written, understandable, informed consent for this pilot project, 410 volunteers were enrolled. Macrocytic red blood cells were seen in more than 50% of cases. Cases with normal peripheral smears were evaluated for hidden Vitamin B12 deficiency and other associated factors. Approximately 90% of these had low Vit B12 levels so neutrophilic hypersegmentation was the first evident sign of megaloblastic anemia. Vit B12 levels less than 200 pg/ml had a significant correlation with neutrophilic hypersegmentation (p-value <0.05). Conclusions: The study was planned to evaluate causes of Neutrophilic hypersegmentation other than existing causes however the results were inconclusive.
23
Amina, Ismail, Kumari Behera Prativa, Chandra Tandi Kshitish, et al. "A Retrospective Analysis of Changes in Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in COVID-19 and it's Relation with Severity of the Disease." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 7 (2023): 1110–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11679923.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Background:</strong> The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic has been affecting the health, economic, as well as social life of the entire globe since the end of 2019. There are only a few studies done in India on the changes in clinical and hematological parameters on covid19 and its relationship with disease severity. The study aimed to determine the changes in clinical and laboratory parameters in COVID-19 and also to correlate the changes in clinical and laboratory parameters with the severity of the disease. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Laboratory parameters of 217 covid positive patients were retrieved from hospital record section and correlated with the severity of the disease by stratifying cases into four categories mild, moderate, severe and critical. <strong>Results: </strong>In total 217 cases, prevalence of disease was higher in males. Similarly, severity of the disease was more in males and increases with higher age group. Leukocytosis, neutrophilia, elevated Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR), activated partial thromboplastin time(activated PTT), D-dimer, Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) ,serum ferritin and C-reactive protein (CRP) are significantly increased in patients with severe and critical disease. On Peripheral smear(PS) examination, hypersegmented neutrophils and toxic changes in neutrophils were seen in severe and critical patients. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>LDH and D-Dimer could be used as a prognostic indicator for COVID-19 disease which are also easily available and cheap. Peripheral smear examinations can also predict the severity by showing hypersegmented neutrophils and toxic changes in neutrophils.
24
White, M. R., W. A. Crowell, and J. L. Blue. "A Nephrotic-like Syndrome with an Associated Mesangio-proliferative Glomerulopathy in a Cow." Veterinary Pathology 23, no. 4 (1986): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588602300414.
Full textAbstract:
A 3-year-old Limousin cow was admitted to the University of Georgia Teaching Hospital with a history of chronic weight loss and diarrhea of more than 1 year's duration. Clinical laboratory findings included proteinuria and hypoproteinemia and were suggestive of a nephrotic-like syndrome. Necropsy findings included generalized edema of the visceral organs and diffuse red glistening foci on the capsular and cut surfaces of the cortex of both kidneys. Microscopically, the kidney had hypercellular and hypersegmented glomeruli, focal glomerulosclerosis, periglomerular fibrosis, and tubular nephrosis. The glomerular hypercellularity was confirmed by electron microscopy to be due to increased mesangial cells.
25
Scanu, A., F. Tirelli, A. Meneghel, et al. "POS0739 LEUCOCYTE ABNORMALITIES AND CYTOKINE LEVELS IN SYNOVIAL FLUID OF JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS PATIENTS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 659.2–660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.4635.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by joint inflammation and uveitis is the most frequent extra-articular manifestation [1,2]. Although several studies evaluated the differences between the different types of JIA, no specific markers have been identified which would allow early stratification of patients and predict the future disease course. Recently, it has been suggested that rheumatic diseases might be associated with genomic instability and increased sensitivity to DNA damage (3), but it has not yet determined in JIA.ObjectivesTo investigate cell populations, cytokine levels, and signs of genotoxicity in synovial fluid (SF) of patients with different JIA subtypes.MethodsSF was collected from the knees of 24 patients, untreated for at least 6 months prior to enrollment, and fulfilling ILAR criteria (4): 9 with polyarticular (poly)-JIA (age:6.56±4.67 years) and 15 with oligoarticular (oligo)-JIA (age:8.33±5.15 years). Six poly-JIA and 8 oligo-JIA patients were at disease onset. Among the oligo-JIA patients, 12 had positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA+) and 5 had uveitis.SF was examined under optical light microscopy. White cell count (WBC) and the polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) percentage were determined in SF according to standard procedures. May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining was used to determine the percentage of hypo- or hypersegmented PMN, binucleated monocytes, and cells with micronuclei (MN), pyknosis, necrosis, apoptosis and nuclear buds, which are considered biomarkers of genotoxic events. SF IL-1β and IL-8 levels were assayed by ELISA.ResultsWBC count and PMN percentage were higher in SF of patients with poly-JIA than in those with oligo-JIA, albeit not significantly. Comparison between the two groups at disease onset showed that WBC levels and PMN percentage were significantly greater in SF from poly-JIA (poly-JIA WBC:10500±4580.32 cells/mm3, PMN:59.83±13.75%; oligo-JIA WBC:4850±1050 cells/mm3, PMN:41.5±16%; p<0.05). IL-1β and IL-8 levels were higher in children with poly-JIA, but the difference reached statistical significance only for IL-8 in patients at disease onset (poli-JIA:1253.19±264.4 pg/ml; oligo-JIA:519.67±468.34 pg/ml; p<0.01). This group also showed a percentage of cells with MN significantly greater as compared to that in oligo-JIA (poli-JIA:7.1±2.42%; oligo-JIA:1.75±2.05%; p<0.001). Although SFs from oligo-JIA-ANA+ patients had higher WBC and PMN percentage than those from oligo-JIA-ANA-, no significant differences were observe between the 2 groups.SFs from oligo-JIA patients with uveitis showed higher but not significant IL-8 levels (554.06±520.26 pg/ml), significantly greater IL-1β concentrations (100.94±76.05 pg/ml; p<0.05) and percentage of cells with MN (5.73±3.06%; p<0.05), and significantly lower hypersegmented PMN percentage (11.06±8.45%; p<0.05) than those from oligo-JIA patients without uveitis (IL-8:280.88±310.11 pg/ml; IL-1β:6.04±15.4 pg/ml; cells with MN:1.96±2.36%; hypersegmented PMN:22.79±8.07%).There was no significant difference in the other studied parameters between the different patient groups.ConclusionThis study shows that poly-JIA SFs have higher inflammation marker levels than oligo-JIA SFs, and this is observed mostly at the disease onset. The presence of MN may be associated with SF genotoxic effects, and trigger the induction of inflammatory pathways that contribute to disease complications. As hypersegmented PMN suppress T cell proliferation, a low cell number with this phenotype may reflect a persisting antigenic stimulus.References[1]Ravelli A, et al. Lancet 2007;369:767– 78[2]Zulian F, et al. J Rheumatol 2002;29:2446-53[3]Souliotis VL, et al. Int J Mol Sci 2019;21:55[4]Petty RE, et al. J Rheumatol 2004;31:390-2Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
26
Kologrivova, E. N., R. I. Pleshko, O. V. Cheremisina, and M. A. Boldyshevskaya. "Hypersegmentation of neutrophil nuclei in peripheral blood of patients with localized and advanced cancer of the larynx and laryngopharynx." Medical Immunology (Russia) 25, no. 5 (2023): 1111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-hon-2715.
Full textAbstract:
Neutrophilic granulocytes have a wide spectrum of functional activity. In recent years, the functional significance of neutrophils in the development and course of malignant neoplasms has been discussed. It has been shown that neutrophilic granulocytes can play pro- or antitumor activity. The aim of the study was to assess the structural and functional features of neutrophils in patients with varying degrees of prevalence of cancer of the larynx and laryngopharynx. Forty-one patients (aged 35-67) with newly diagnosed cancer of the larynx and laryngopharynx were examined and divided into subgroups according to the TNM classification: the first subgroup (14 patients) with a localized tumor process consisted; and the second subgroup (27 patients) with a widespread tumor process. The relative and absolute number of neutrophils was assessed, and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was determined. The content of neutrophils with varying degrees of nuclear segmentation in the blood was calculated, the activity of myeloperoxidase, cationic proteins, alkaline phosphatase, and the degree of neutrophil activation in the NBT test was determined cytochemically. Concentration of interleukin-8 was determined using ELISA. In patients with cancer of the larynx and laryngopharynx the number of neutrophils (p = 0.045) and NLR (p = 0.033), as well as serum concentration of interleukin 8 (p = 0.011), increased compared to healthy individuals. The proportion of cells with hypersegmented nuclei in the neutrophil population (p < 0.001) and cytotoxic potential increased with the spread of tumor process. A direct correlation (r = 0.42, p = 0.03) was found between the T index, which reflects the volume of the tumor, and the content of hypersegmented neutrophils. It can be argued that such a simple and accessible laboratory parameter as the degree of segmentation of the nuclei of neutrophilic granulocytes can be used as one of the criteria to assess and predict the course of the tumor process.
27
Hashimoto, Hirotsugu, Takehiro Hashikata, Akito Shindo, and Hajime Horiuchi. "Eosinophilic Myocarditis With Hypersegmented Granulocytes and Neutrophilia Without Eosinophilia: A Case Mimicking Neutrophilic Myocarditis." International Journal of Surgical Pathology 26, no. 7 (2018): 635–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896918766669.
Full textAbstract:
We report a case of a 78-year-old woman with neutrophilia without eosinophilia who was pathologically diagnosed with eosinophilic myocarditis by myocardial biopsy. The biopsy specimen showed infiltrating granulocytes with hypersegmentation, mimicking neutrophils; however, they were confirmed to be eosinophils by Giemsa staining.
28
Khojah, Amer, Hadeel Alshareef, Lujain Alzahrani, Mohammad Binhussein, Ameera Bukhari, and Imad Khojah. "Warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome and tetralogy of fallot; Case report and literature review." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematology 2, no. 1 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.46439/hematol.2.007.
Full textAbstract:
WHIM (Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections, and Myelokathexis) syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by susceptibility to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, neutropenia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. WHIM syndrome is caused by a gain-of-function mutation CXCR4, leading to increased responsiveness of neutrophils and lymphocytes to CXCL12. This results in an accumulation of atypical hypersegmented mature neutrophils in the bone marrow and peripheral blood neutropenia. This case report discusses a 10-year-old girl who was diagnosed with WHIM syndrome at the age of four years following Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. She was found to have Tetralogy of Fallot at birth, which was surgically repaired when she was one year old. She was also found to have significant neutropenia during surgery and received multiple doses of G-CSF with a good response. She presented to the hospital at the age of four years with fever, neck stiffness, lethargy, and headache and was diagnosed with H. influenzae meningitis. Her immunology workup revealed significant neutropenia and hypogammaglobulinemia, as well as low antibody levels to H. influenza type B, tetanus toxoid, and Streptococcus pneumonia, despite up-to-date vaccination. Furthermore, decreased levels of T cells and B cells were detected. The patient was started on IgG replacement therapy and Bactrim prophylaxis. Bone marrow biopsy revealed granulocytic hyperplasia and occasional hypersegmented neutrophils, suggesting myelokathexis. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous CXCR4 mutation with a premature stop codon (p.Ser338Ter), confirming the diagnosis of WHIM syndrome. This case report highlights the association of WHIM syndrome with congenital heart defects, such as Tetralogy of Fallot. A literature review revealed three other cases of congenital heart defects in patients with WHIM syndrome, indicating a potential role for CXCR4 and CXCL12 in septum formation. The rarity of the disorder and the lack of a universal screening tool makes the diagnosis of WHIM syndrome difficult. Therefore, physicians should consider WHIM syndrome in patients with congenital heart defects, particularly if they have recurrent HPV infections, neutropenia, and hypogammaglobulinemia.
29
Raksha-Slusareva, O., O. Slusarev, S. Boieva, et al. "THE STATE OF NON-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE IN THE RESIDENTS OF MARIUPOL DURING THE WAR." Environmental and Radiation Safety 1, no. 1 (2023): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34132/ers.2023.01.01.08.
Full textAbstract:
A study of indicators' state of non-specific resistance in conditionally healthy people of the Donetsk region, who lived in the city of Mariupol in the conditions of the ecological crisis during the Operation of the United Forces before the beginning of the invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine, was carried out. Immunological methods of the 1st level were used in the research. The state of non-specific resistance was assessed by the absolute content of peripheral blood leukocytes, content of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. In addition, the frequency of detection in the examined individuals and the content in the neutrophils' pool of cells with: swollen, villous, hypersegmented, hyposegmented, fragmented nucleus, with toxogenic cytoplasmic granularity were determined. As a result of research, the activation of non-specific resistance was established in conditionally healthy residents of Mariupol, which was manifested by a significant and probable increase in the content of rod-shaped neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and monocytes. Studies have documented a significant and likely increase in the frequency of detection of individuals with cytomorphologically altered neutrophils. In the neutrophil pool of residents of Mariupol, a significant and probable increase in the number of cellular breakdowns, the content of cells with swollen, hypersegmented, fragmented nuclei, villous chromatin of the nucleus and toxogenic granularity of the cytoplasm was established. The revealed cytomorphological changes reflected an increase in proportion of destroyed, degenerating cells compared to the proportion of functionally capable cells against the background of intoxication, mutagenic processes and increased lipid peroxidation. The results indicate a decrease in the stress of non-specific resistance with a tendency to failure of adaptation in conditionally healthy residents of the city of Mariupol before the beginning of the invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine on February 24, 2023. The obtained data is necessary as a reference point for monitoring and correcting the state of health of the city's residents after Ukraine's victory in the war with the Russian Federation.
30
Balajji G S, Thiriveni, Kalyani Nair A, Lalitha C, et al. "HYPERSEGMENTED NEUTROPHILS AND MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME IN 100 APPARENTLY HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS WITH ETHANOL ABUSE– AN ANALYSIS." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 6, no. 50 (2017): 3832–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2017/828.
Full text
31
Yoshida, Takeshi, Tomonari Awaya, Minoru Shibata, et al. "Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and hypersegmented neutrophils in a patient with ataxia‐telangiectasia‐like disorder: Potential diagnostic clues?" American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 164, no. 7 (2014): 1830–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.36546.
Full text
32
Gulley, ML, SA Bentley, and DW Ross. "Neutrophil myeloperoxidase measurement uncovers masked megaloblastic anemia [see comments]." Blood 76, no. 5 (1990): 1004–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v76.5.1004.1004.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract We report the observation of a high neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity (MPXI) in patients with megaloblastic anemia. MPXI is rapidly measured as part of an automated complete blood count (Technicon H*1, Technicon Instruments Corp, Tarrytown NY). We describe the range of MPXI levels in healthy and patient populations and in 10 cases of megaloblastic anemia, including five having elevated mean cell volume (MCV) and five without macrocytosis. Regardless of the MCV, our megaloblastic patients had hypersegmented neutrophils and elevated MPXI levels without visible alteration of granule content. MPXI measurement may be particularly useful in identifying cases of “masked megaloblastic anemia” where the MCV is below 100 fL. The advantage of the MPXI over other methods of uncovering masked megaloblastic anemia is its simplicity when performed as part of a routine complete blood count on an automated hematology instrument.
33
Gulley, ML, SA Bentley, and DW Ross. "Neutrophil myeloperoxidase measurement uncovers masked megaloblastic anemia [see comments]." Blood 76, no. 5 (1990): 1004–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v76.5.1004.bloodjournal7651004.
Full textAbstract:
We report the observation of a high neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity (MPXI) in patients with megaloblastic anemia. MPXI is rapidly measured as part of an automated complete blood count (Technicon H*1, Technicon Instruments Corp, Tarrytown NY). We describe the range of MPXI levels in healthy and patient populations and in 10 cases of megaloblastic anemia, including five having elevated mean cell volume (MCV) and five without macrocytosis. Regardless of the MCV, our megaloblastic patients had hypersegmented neutrophils and elevated MPXI levels without visible alteration of granule content. MPXI measurement may be particularly useful in identifying cases of “masked megaloblastic anemia” where the MCV is below 100 fL. The advantage of the MPXI over other methods of uncovering masked megaloblastic anemia is its simplicity when performed as part of a routine complete blood count on an automated hematology instrument.
34
Cittolin-Santos, G. F., S. Khalil, J. K. Bakos, and K. Baker. "Chronic Atrophic Gastritis with Negative Intrinsic Factor and Parietal Cell Antibody Presenting as a Severe Hemolytic Anemia." Case Reports in Hematology 2020 (May 15, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8697493.
Full textAbstract:
A 28-year-old Caucasian male with Hashimoto’s disease and vitiligo presented with two weeks of dizziness on exertion following pharyngitis which was treated with prednisone 40 mg by mouth once a day for five days. Initial workup revealed anemia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and low haptoglobin. He underwent workup for causes of hemolytic anemia which was remarkable for a peripheral blood smear with hypersegmented neutrophils and low vitamin B12 levels concerning for pernicious anemia. Parietal cell and intrinsic factor antibodies were negative, and he then underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy. The biopsy was negative for Helicobacter pylori, and the immunohistochemical stains were suggestive of chronic atrophic gastritis. He was started on vitamin B12 1,000 mcg intramuscular injections daily. His hemoglobin, LDH, and haptoglobin normalized. Given the absence of the parietal cell antibody and intrinsic factor antibody, this is a rare case of seronegative pernicious anemia.
35
Hou, Xuening, Xingzhe Wang, Chen Liu, Futian Ma, and Jihong Hao. "Abnormally Hypersegmented Neutrophilia in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia Associated With t(2;11)(q31;p15) and NUP98 Rearrangement." Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 43, no. 4 (2020): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mph.0000000000002062.
Full text
36
Lund, John E., and Patricia K. Brown. "Hypersegmented Megakaryocytes and Megakaryocytes with Multiple Separate Nuclei in Dogs Treated with PNU-100592, an Oxazolidinone Antibiotic." Toxicologic Pathology 25, no. 4 (1997): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339702500401.
Full text
37
Maxwell, M. H., C. C. Whitehead, and J. Armstrong. "Haematological and tissue abnormalities in chicks caused by acute and subclinical folate deficiency." British Journal of Nutrition 59, no. 1 (1988): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19880011.
Full textAbstract:
1. Haematological, histological and ultrastructural findings in young chicks fed on a purified diet severely deficient in folate are reported.2. Growth of the birds was greatly depressed and they had a macrocytic anaemia. Other haematological changes included abnormal nuclear formations in erythrocytes, numerous mitoses and hypersegmented granulocytes.3. Megaloblasts were observed in bone marrow and their fine structure is described for the first time in an avian species.4. Morphological changes occurred also in the liver. The parenchyma had damaged sinusoidal endothelium, inflammatory cells and no glycogen. Mitochondria were damaged and many were associated with unusual crystalline structures.5. Chickens fed on a semi-purified diet of low folate content showed no growth depression or clinical signs of deficiency but had abnormal haematological values and morphological changes that resembled those seen in birds fed on the purified diet.6. These abnormalities responded to dietary supplements of pteroylmonoglutamic acid in a dose-related manner and may be useful in diagnosing subclinical folate deficiency.
38
Faruq, Ridwan Naim, Anika An noor, AKM Musa, and Tashmim Dipta. "Chronic Eosinophillic Leukemia presenting as Peripheral Neuropathy." Bangladesh Critical Care Journal 6, no. 1 (2018): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bccj.v6i1.36612.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL) is a rare form of chronic myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology with no data on its true incidence. The disease has a wide variety of manifestations. Literature search has not shown peripheral neuropathy as the only presentation of CEL. Our case is probably the first such report case. Here we are reporting a 45 year old male patient who presented with progressive weakness of upper and lower limbs for 6 months and weight loss for 2 months. Neurological examination revealed findings consistent with bilateral sensorimotor polyneuropathy later confirmed by nerve conduction studies. Complete blood count revealed total wbc count – 51, 870/mm3, eosinophil – 62.1% (32,315/mm3). Peripheral Blood film revealed eosinophilic leucocytosis. Superficial peroneal nerve biopsy showed mild perivascular infiltration with inflammatory cells. No granuloma or malignancy was seen. Bone Marrow examination showed hyperactive granulopoiesis with predominance of eosinophil series with progressive maturation along with presence of myeolcytes, hypersegmented eosinophils and giant eosinophils. Blast cell was around 7%. Patient was treated with imatinib and prednisolone which showed excellent response.Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2018; 6(1): 47-49
39
Fertrin, Kleber Yotsumoto, Elza Miyuki Kimura, Fernanda Madureira de Oliveira Araujo, Maria de Fatima Pereira Gilberti, Sara T. O. Saad, and Fernando F. Costa. "Hypersegmented Neutrophil Percentage Using Automated Digital Cell Morphology: A Simple Laboratory Parameter to Monitor Hydroxyurea Therapy in Sickle Cell Disease Patients." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 2188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2188.2188.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction with hydroxyurea (HU) remains the only specific pharmacological treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. Compliance is key to achieve high HbF levels, but assessing patient adherence to long-term treatment is difficult. Since patient interviews are often unreliable, most hematologists rely on mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and HbF levels to monitor compliance, but red blood cell indices change slowly. Hypersegmented neutrophils (HN) have been for long recognized in patients taking HU, and automated digital cell morphology platforms allow routine peripheral blood smears to be conveniently photographed and stored for analysis. We have designed a protocol to determine the percentage of circulating HN and have studied how this parameter compares with others commonly used in clinical practice during HU therapy, such as HbF, MCV, and reticulocyte count. We collected blood samples from 38 patients with SCD in steady state, receiving an average dose of 20.5mg/kg/day of HU (range 10.2-33.3) at our Hematology outpatient clinic. Complete blood counts and HN percentage determinations were performed on a Sysmex XE-5000/Cellavision DM96 equipment. HbF levels were determined by HPLC (Bio-Rad). Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 6.0 software. Standard protocol for image acquisition initially recorded 100 cells per smear and HN count was performed independently by two experienced laboratory personnel using the same image database, by counting cells with 5 or more nuclear segments. To increase precision due to the relatively low numbers of neutrophils in some samples, analysis was subsequently improved by acquiring 300 images per smear aiming to picture 100 neutrophils. Mean hemoglobin level in our population was 8.6±1.3g/dL (mean±SD), MCV 103.8±14.2fL, reticulocyte count 222,950±129,090/uL, and HbF was 13.1±7.8% (range 2.1-30.9%). HN percentage as determined with 100 images per smear displayed only borderline correlation with HbF levels (P =0.094), but acquisition of 300 images per smear yielded over 90 neutrophil images in 35/38 samples. Average HN percentage was 14,5% (range 2,0-45,0%) and correlated positively with HbF (r=0.4172, P =0.009) and MCV (r=0.4301, P =0.007). As expected, HbF also correlated with MCV (r=0.5777, P =0.0001) and reticulocyte count (r=-0.489, P =0.003). Despite our limited number of patients, ROC curve analysis showed that HN percentage had an area under curve of 0.7241 to detect patients with HbF>20% (P =0.047). Patients with more than 6 segments per neutrophil were also more likely to have higher HbF. Average daily HU dose did not correlate with HbF or any of the parameters analyzed. Lack of correlation between dose and HbF supports that medication adherence may indeed be suboptimal in the study population, but that may also be caused by individual differences in HU metabolism. While MCV still displayed the strongest correlation with HbF in our study, HN percentage performed similarly, with higher counts associated with higher HbF. Neutrophils have a much shorter half-life than erythrocytes, with an estimated half-life of hours rather than the 20 days calculated for sickle red blood cells. Therefore, digital cell morphology analysis enables clinical laboratories to determine HN counts that can change more quickly than HbF, MCV, or reticulocyte counts during HU therapy. Monitoring the number of HN may allow more timely assessment of compliance in patients starting HU or in those in need for HU in combination with sporadic blood transfusions, since neutrophil hypersegmentation should not be affected by changes in red blood cell mass. Further studies should investigate HN percentage as a potential surrogate marker of response to HU and of patient compliance. Financial support: FAPESP Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
40
Katsogiannou, EG, PD Katsoulos, C. Ziogas, et al. "Blood cell count and morphology, and vitamin B12 concentration in pre- and post-weaned calves." Veterinární Medicína 66, No. 12 (2021): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/12/2021-vetmed.
Full textAbstract:
Haematological indicators may resent physiological variation by age. Vitamin B12 promotes haematopoiesis. The aims of this study were: 1) to compare the values of the haematological variables and the concentration of vitamin B12 in pre- or post-weaned veal calves and 2) to identify the possible association between the values of the haematological variables and the concentration of B12 in the blood of veal calves. Blood was collected on the same day from 31 pre-weaned and 31 weaned calves of the Limousine breed from the same farm. The complete blood count, including the blood cell morphology evaluation, was performed and the serum B12, total protein and albumin concentrations were determined. The serum concentration of vitamin B12, the haematocrit (HCT), the haemoglobin concentration (HGB), the platelet count and the lymphocyte count were significantly higher in the weaned calves. A very strong positive correlation was found between the concentration of the vitamin B12 and HCT and HGB before weaning, while these correlations were moderately positive following weaning and in the total population tested as well. The observed variation in the blood cell count and morphology, such as poikilocytosis and the presence of macrocytes and hypersegmented neutrophils, along with the age of the animal seem to be related to the vitamin B12 concentration.
41
Toro, Stephanie L. Silva-Del, and Lee-Ann H. Allen. "Microtubules and dynein regulate human neutrophil nuclear volume and hypersegmentation during H. pylori infection." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (2021): 99.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.99.14.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMNs) are heterogeneous and can exhibit considerable phenotypic and functional plasticity. In keeping with this, we discovered previously that Helicobacter pylori infection induces N1-like subtype differentiation of human PMNs that is notable for profound nuclear hypersegmentation. Herein, we utilized biochemical approaches and confocal and super-resolution microscopy to gain insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms. Sensitivity to inhibition by nocodazole and taxol indicated that microtubule dynamics were required to induce and sustain hypersegmentation, and super-resolution STED imaging demonstrated that microtubules were significantly more abundant and longer in hypersegmented cells. Dynein activity was also required and enrichment of this motor protein at the nuclear periphery was enhanced following H. pylori infection. In contrast, centrosome splitting did not occur, and lamin B receptor abundance and ER morphology were unchanged. Finally, analysis of STED image stacks using Imaris software revealed that nuclear volume increased markedly prior to the onset of hypersegmentation and that nuclear size was differentially modulated by nocodazole and taxol in the presence and absence of infection. Taken together, our data define a new mechanism of hypersegmentation that is mediated by microtubules and dynein and as such advance understanding of processes that regulate nuclear morphology.
42
Silberstein, D. S., D. D. Schoof, M. L. Rodrick, et al. "Activation of eosinophils in cancer patients treated with IL-2 and IL-2-generated lymphokine-activated killer cells." Journal of Immunology 142, no. 6 (1989): 2162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.142.6.2162.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Of 16 patients, a total of 13 who received IL-2 and autologous IL-2-generated lymphokine-activated killer LAK cells developed eosinophilia late during the course of treatment. To understand the direct or indirect effects of IL-2 on eosinophils, the physical and functional characteristics of the late-treatment eosinophils were compared to those of early-treatment and control eosinophils. Late-treatment eosinophils differed from early-treatment and control eosinophils in the following respects: they had somewhat reduced density, hypersegmented nuclei, eosinophil cationic protein converted from the storage form to the secretory form, and a greater than 200% increased ability to kill larvae of Schistosoma mansoni by an antibody-dependent mechanism (cytotoxic function). In vitro, IL-2 (1000 U/ml in medium as used to culture LAK cells) did not affect the cytotoxic function of eosinophils from cancer patients or from control subjects. However, LAK cell-conditioned medium enhanced the cytotoxic function of eosinophils from early-treatment cancer patients and from normal subjects by greater than 150%. Thus, eosinophils late in the course of IL-2/LAK cell treatment undergo physical changes and become functionally activated. The involvement of IL-2 in these changes is probably indirect, as an inducer of factors that enhance eosinophil function.
43
Ay Tuncel, Defne, Raziye Narin, Turkan Muhlis, and Ayşe Yiğit Sönmez. "PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR FINDINGS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID-19." Genel Tıp Dergisi 35, no. 1 (2025): 181–88. https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1598358.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Aim: Peripheral blood smear analysis is a cornerstone diagnostic tool in hematology. Pregnant women with COVID-19, this diagnostic technique assumes heightened significance. Our study aims to elucidate the peripheral smear findings in pregnant women with COVID-19. Material and Methods: Our study's participants comprise 50 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 and 50 controls. Clinical findings medications, peripheral blood smear and complete blood count parameters some of examined variables. The Chi-Square tests were employed to compare categorical measurements. Samples T-Test was used for numerical measurements. The groups were compared in terms of complete blood count parameters. Significant differences were identified between the groups. Results: The values of ferritin, CRP, procalcitonin, D-dimer, APTT, and fibrinogen exhibited significant differences among the groups. The lymphocyte ratio in the COVID-19 group is lower compared to the control group. The proportions of band cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, vacuolated monocytes, and hypersegmented neutrophils exhibit statistically significant differences between the groups. Peripheral blood abnormalities are prevalent in microbial infections, particularly in viral infections. Conclusions: These abnormalities can provide insights into the underlying pathophysiological changes. In patients with COVID-19, no abnormalities have been observed in platelets and erythrocytes. However, compared to controls, atypical monocytes and neutrophil hypersegmentation are significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients.
44
Austin, Publishing Group. "A Case of Autoimmune Metaplastic Atrophic Gastritis with Concurrent Pernicious Anemia and Coombs-Negative Hemolysis." Annals of Hematology & Oncology 10, no. 3 (2023): 1424. https://doi.org/10.26420/annhematoloncol.2023.1424.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disease characterized by atrophic gastritis and vitamin B12 deficiency. Concurrent hemolytic anemia has been described, however its prevalence and mechanism are not well understood. Herein, we present the case of a 40-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, fatigue, and a 50-lb weight loss over four months. She was found to have macrocytic anemia, leukopenia, moderate neutropenia, and severe vitamin B12 deficiency. Further laboratory testing (indirect hyperbilirubinemia, low haptoglobin, increased lactate dehydrogenase, low reticulocyte index) implied the presence of intravascular hemolysis with a poor bone marrow response. Peripheral blood smear showed hypersegmented neutrophils consistent with megaloblastic anemia and schistocytes suggestive of hemolysis. Notably, the direct Coombs test was negative.The patient’s serum was positive for anti-intrinsic factor and anti-parietal cell antibodies. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed H. Pylori-negative, metaplastic atrophic gastritis with no evidence of malignancy. Thus, a diagnosis of pernicious anemia was confirmed in addition to hemolytic anemia. She was treated with intramuscular cyanocobalamin, resulting in improvement of symptoms, cytopenias, and hemolytic markers. Hemolysis is a rare complication of vitamin B12 deficiency, and multifactorial anemia must always be considered. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Hemolytic anemia; Hemolysis; Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis; Pernicious anemia; Vitamin B12 deficiency
45
Hassan, Irfana, Bhagwan Das, Santosh Kumar, et al. "VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 06 (2017): 878–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.06.1188.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: To determine the frequency of neurological manifestations of vitamin B12deficiency and to observe the reversibility of the symptoms after the therapy. Study Design: Descriptivestudy. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Medicine Department of Bolan Medical Complex HospitalQuetta. Period: One year that is from January 2012 to December 2012. Methodology: 46 patients presentedto various OPDS of B.M.C.H.. The inclusion criteria for the patients to be studied were: Anemia, Neurologicalcomplaints. Results: Out of 46 patients 26(56%) were males and 20(43%) were the females with a meanage of (40) years.32 (69%) belonged to the rural areas. 45(97%) had mixed diets whereas only one 1(2.1%)young non Muslim was found to be pure vegetarian.32 (69%) patients presented with hematological aswell as neurological complaints. 23(30%) had pancytopenia and 9(19.5%) had bicytopenia. 14(30%)presented with neurological complaints only as sacd 6 (13%), ataxia 8 (17%), sensorimotor neuropathies36 (78%) and dementia 2 (4.3%). In signs glossitis was found in 6(13%), jaundice in 22 (47%), pallor in32 (69%) proximal myopathy in 12 (26%) out of which 6 (13%) had shoulder girdle and 8 (17%) pelvicgirdle myopathy. Impaired position sense was found in 18 (39%) patients and vibration sense in 21(45%)patients. other signs were pigmentation 2(4.3%) hypotonia in 6(13%) Spasticity in 2(4.3%) and Upgoingplantars in 6(13%) patients. Lhermittes sign could be elicited in only 2(4.3%) patients Optic neuritis andoptic atrophy was found in 4(8.6%) patients who came with paraplegia and marked anemia. Rhombergssign was positive in 8(17.3%) who came with clumsiness of gait. Hemoglobin (Hb %) was found to be lowin 32(69%) with a mean of 7.2gm%.pancytopenia (anemia+leucopenia+thrombocytopenia) was found in23(50%) of patients whereas bicytopenia was found only in 9(19.5%) of patients. Hypersegmented W.B.Cwere very carefully looked for and were found in 20(43%) of cases. ovalomegaloblasts were found in 32(69%) of cases .both findings of ovalomegaloblasts and hypersegmented w.b.cs were found in 20 (43%).in the rest 14 (30%) the blood investigations were found to be normal. The next investigation in all patientswas serum B12 estimation, It was found that levels below 200pg/ml were found in 95% cases where only2(4.3%) patients came with levels slightly above 205pg/ml and 210pg/ml. the response to therapy wasrecorded as reversible and irreversible. the irreversible features were sacd in 6 (13%), optic atrophy in2 (4.3%), and dementia in 2 (4.3%) patients. the partially reversible features were myelopathy 10 (21%)numbness and paraesthesias 30 (65%) optic neuritis inn 2 (4.3%) patients were assessed on a durationof 24 weeks. partially reversible features were ataxia, in 6 (13%) patients myelopathy in 2 (4.3%) patientsdementia in 2 (4.3%) patients and paraesthesias and numbness in 6 (13%) patients over a period of 24weeks. Conclusion: It is concluded from my study that the neuropsychiatric manifestations of vitamin B12deficiency are common among the elderly age group, either with or with out the evidence of anemia.
46
Moh, Frederick Van, Debapria Das, Hourhan Houjeij, and Adam J. Fritz. "Proof in the Peripheral Smear: Severe Vitamin B12 Deficiency Mimicking Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-137805.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a hematologic emergency where timely plasmapheresis reduces mortality. There are a few cases where benign etiologies mimic TTP and patients may receive unnecessary plasma exchange. Interdisciplinary decision-making is invaluable to avoid expenses and complications of more invasive treatments. Case Presentation: A 38-year-old male with self-reported history of asthma presented with generalized weakness and syncope. He endorses 2-week of bilateral leg pain with numbness, loss of taste, and nausea. Vital signs were remarkable for tachycardia in 110s and hypotension at 101/52. Labs showed hemoglobin 3.3, WBC 3.6, platelet 83, MCV 93.9, reticulocyte 1.1%, total bilirubin 1.4, haptoglobin &lt;8, LDH 2652, negative Coombs test, and creatinine 1.2. Vitamin B12 level was &gt;2000, however value was drawn near the time of administration of intramuscular vitamin B12. There was concern for TTP due to an intermediate PLASMIC score of 5. However, given that presentation was more consistent with vitamin B12 deficiency, plasmapheresis was deferred after a discussion with pathology. Peripheral blood smear showed anisocytosis, macrocytes, schistocytes, and hypersegmented neutrophils. ADAMTS13 activity returned 62%. Pernicious anemia was diagnosed with labs revealed homocysteine &gt;50, methylmalonic acid 41.97, positive anti-parietal cell antibody, and positive intrinsic factor antibody. Hemoglobin stabilized at around 8 after transfusions. Lab showed haptoglobin 13 and LDH 1211 on discharged after daily vitamin B12 injections. Patient was discharged with weekly injections and last gastric biopsy reveal atrophic gastritis. Discussion: The decision to closely monitor our patient versus initiation of plasmapheresis was based on clinical symptoms of neuropathy and reduced taste consistent with vitamin B12 deficiency. Our patient's lab values and peripheral smear were also more reassuring of a nutritional deficiency. Severe vitamin B12 deficiency is thought to cause both intramedullary and extramedullary hemolysis. Intramedullary hemolysis caused by destruction of erythrocytes leading to ineffective erythropoiesis is more common. Conversely, the mechanism of extramedullary hemolysis is not well established. It is thought that the pro-oxidative qualities of homocysteine can promote thrombosis and endothelial dysfunction and subsequent microangiopathy. This phenomenon, commonly called pseudothrombotic microangiopathy, mimics TTP. Few laboratory values can help distinguish between TTP and an intramedullary process. First, reduced reticulocyte count suggests defective DNA synthesis and destruction of megaloblastic cells by bone marrow macrophages. A high MCV in the setting of low reticulocyte count is suggestive of vitamin B12 deficiency. Blood smear may also show multiple hypersegmented polymorphonuclear cells and macrocytosis in addition to schistocytes. Additionally, LDH tends to be more substantially elevated in intramedullary hemolytic processes like vitamin B12 deficiency. This is attributed to high LDH content of nucleated erythrocytes when compared to mature red blood cells. Immature erythrocytes contain less hemoglobin than mature red blood cells and bilirubin is relatively less elevated in vitamin B12 deficiency. Lastly, platelet counts tend to be higher in vitamin B12 deficiency than in TTP. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
47
Lai, Yujie, Jing Cheng, and Zailin Yang. "Appearance of hypersegmented neutrophils in the peripheral blood associated with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord due to nitrous oxide abuse." British Journal of Haematology 194, no. 2 (2021): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjh.17386.
Full text
48
Podico, Giorgia, Sarah M. Gray, Leyi Wang, and Igor F. Canisso. "A novel Streptococcus species causing clinical mastitis in a pregnant donkey." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 33, no. 5 (2021): 979–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10406387211027306.
Full textAbstract:
An 8-y-old jenny was presented because of anorexia and mild depression. The jenny had weaned her colt 10 d before the admission. Upon arrival at the University of Illinois Veterinary Teaching Hospital, the heart rate was elevated, and the right udder was painful and swollen on palpation. Milk stripping of the affected side revealed purulent content; the contralateral udder had normal-appearing milk. Cytology of mammary gland secretions from the affected side revealed a large number of hypersegmented reactive neutrophils with phagocytized bacteria. Complete blood count, serum chemistry, and fibrinogen were within normal limits. A diagnosis of clinical mastitis was made, and the jenny was started on a 5-d course of broad-spectrum antibiotics, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, hydrotherapy, and milk stripping. Clinical signs reduced over time, and the cure was attained by 96 h post-admission. Aerobic culture and subsequent MALDI-TOF MS analysis identified a bacterium of the Streptococcus genus but not the species. Whole-genome analysis was performed, and 16S rDNA sequencing and analysis determined that our isolate 20-37394 clustered with 2 other Streptococcus strains (27284-01 and 28462). Single-nucleotide variations and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that Streptococcus 20-37394 had 96.8% and 94.9% identities to Streptococcus strains 27284-01 and 28462, respectively; therefore, the bacteria isolated in our case was deemed as a new Streptococcus species.
49
Jbour, A.-K. "Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, short stature, cerebellar ataxia, rod-cone retinal dystrophy, and hypersegmented neutrophils: a novel disorder or a new variant of Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome?" Journal of Medical Genetics 40, no. 1 (2003): 2e—2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.40.1.e2.
Full text
50
Byelinska, L. "Effect of maleimide derivative inhibitor of protein kinases with antitumor activity on megakaryocytopoiesis in rats." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Problems of Physiological Functions Regulation 22, no. 1 (2017): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2616_6410.2017.22.16-20.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of the inhibitor protein kinases maleimidederivative MI-1 (1-(4-Cl-benzyl)-3-Cl-4-(CF3-phenylamino)-1Н-pyrrole-2,5-dione) with antitumor activity at doses at five times (13.5 mg/kg) and ten times (27 mg/kg) the effective dose for subacute exposure onmorphofunctional state of bone marrow megakaryocytes and platelet count in the blood of rats have been studied. MI-1 at the dose of 2.7 mg/kg (effective antitumor – decreases the number of colon tumors and the affected area of the colon of rats) during 14 days does not changethe count of plateletsin the blood and megakaryocytes, which form platelets, in the bone marrow comparedto the untreated control group. Increasing the dose of MI-1 to 5- and 10-times (13.5 and 27 mg / kg, respectively) leads to a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood (p=0.012; p=0.027, respectively) without changes in the number of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow compared to the untreated control. Analysis of the morphofunctional state of megakaryocytes at the10-fold increased dose of MI-1 indicatesan increase in immature promegakaryocytes, hyposegmented and micromegakaryocytes to reduce background mature polichromatophilicand oxyphilicmegakaryocytes and hypersegmented and giant cells. Megakaryocytopoiesis revealed changes under the influence of MI-1 in 10-times the effective dose testify delay differentiation of megakaryocytes, which causes a decrease platelet production and, including their concentration in the altered areas of microcirculation in various tissues, leading to thrombocytopenia in the blood of rats.