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Journal articles on the topic 'Hyperthymia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Churkina, A. M., and N. V. Subbotskaya. "Personalities of the Hyperthymic Circle: Evolution of Conception Views and Patokinesis." Psikhiatriya 19, no. 1 (2021): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-1-102-110.

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The aim of review: to present the evolution of the concepts and pathokinesis of hyperthymia.Materials and methods: according to the keywords “personality of the hyperthymic circle”, “hyperthymia”, “bipolar affective disorder”, “chronic hypomania”, publications were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, RSCI and other sources from the middle of the 19th century to the present.Conclusion: in science, historically, two intersecting psychopathological concepts of hyperthymia have developed, positioning it as a single continuum of bipolar disorder and affective temperament/personality disorder. In recent years, thanks to the success and introduction of biological psychiatry, studies have appeared that confirm the structural-dynamic and pathogenetic integrity of hyperthymia.

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Serafini, G., and M. Pompili. "Affective temperaments, white matter hyperintensities and suicidal risk in patients with mood disorders." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 1644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73348-x.

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IntroductionPatients with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) may be at higher risk for affective disorders and suicidal behaviour and affective temperaments may play a significant role in mood disorders.Objectives, aims, methodsRecently, we conducted a study in a sample of 247 patients with major affective disorders consecutively admitted as psychiatric inpatients.ResultsWe found that those with higher dysthymia and lower hyperthymia were more likely to have higher BHS scores, more WMHs, higher MINI suicidal risk, and more recent suicide attempts than patients with higher hyperthymia and lower dysthymia. Previously, we have reported that depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments are risk factors whereas the hyperthymic temperament is a protective factor for suicidal behaviour, at least for suicide attempters. This is in line with recent genetic studies showing that the short allele of serotonin transporter gene promoter (5-HTTLPR) was significantly related to depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments (but not to the hyperthymic temperament) and individuals with the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR and major affective disorders have more microstructural white matter abnormalities in specific brain regions.ConclusionsIn subjects with mood disorders, some temperament profiles in addition to WMHs presumably play a critical role in the emergence of hopelessness and suicidal behaviour. Differences among temperament profiles associated with WMHs may be used as biological markers for clinically grouping subjects at higher risk both for the emergence of mood disorders and suicidal behaviour (highly lethal suicide attempts) and this may have relevant implications for treatment.

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Polikanova, Irina, Sergey Leonov, Aleksey Isaev, and Liudmila Liutsko. "Individual Features in the Typology of the Nervous System and the Brain Activity Dynamics of Freestyle Wrestlers Exposed to a Strong Physical Activity (a Pilot Study)." Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs10040079.

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Nowadays, knowledge of psychophysiological features, particularly on the nervous system’s characteristics, is essential in the sporting context, particularly for freestyle wrestling. The study aimed to investigate the peculiarities of the wrestlers’ nervous system—on the individual and electrophysiological levels in two functional states—in calm wakefulness and during intense physical fatigue. Psychological (Well-being, Activity, Mood; Spielberger–Hanin; Leonhard’s questionnaires), as well as electrophysiological techniques (dynamics of the dominant and average frequencies of the main electroencephalogram (EEG) spectra—theta, alpha, low and high-frequency beta rhythms), were used in the study. It was shown that athletes were mainly characterized by the hyperthymic type of character accentuation and a low frequency of theta rhythm in a calm wakefulness state. After the acute physical load, wrestlers with high hyperthymia showed a moderate increase in theta, whereas other athletes showed a decrease in this parameter. Regardless of the level of hyperthymic accentuation, all wrestlers were characterized by an increase in the frequency of alpha rhythm after exercises in the left hemisphere. These results suggest the existence of a particular functional system in freestyle wrestlers, which allows the body’s regulatory systems to be adapted for the effective implementation of sports activity.

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Williams, Janet B. W., Michael Terman, Martha J. Link, Leora Amira, and Norman E. Rosenthal. "Hypomania interview guide (including hyperthymia): Retrospective assessment version (High-R)." Depression and Anxiety 9, no. 2 (1999): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6394(1999)9:2<92::aid-da8>3.0.co;2-1.

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Shushpanova, O. "Mental Disorders in Patients Breast Cancer: Differentiated Approach to the Study Nozogeny." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1148.

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ObjectiveThe problem of mental disorders in patients with breast cancer is relevant due to the high prevalence of pathological changes in the mental health patients, insufficient development of clinical typology of psychosomatic correlations of the contribution of constitutional features.MethodsNozogeny disorders are clinically heterogeneous and are represented by two nosologic categories: reaction and nosogenic patho-characterological personal development. The basic method of work was a clinical follow-up and statistical research methods (method using contingency tables and Fechner coefficient method using the χ2 – test).ResultsThe manifestation of a nozogeny reaction is closely correlated with his premorbid personality characteristics. Anxious-depressive nozogeny reaction was recorded in 17 patients of the first sample with high direct correlation (coefficient Fechner F = 0.76, P < 0.01) with respect to accentuation of personality in the alarm type, and the weak direct link to the personal characteristics of the affective (bipolar) range (F = 0.22, P < 0.01). Anxious-nozogeny dissociative response was detected in 9 patients with hysterical (55.5%) and expansive schizotypal (vershrobene) (44.4%) lung cancer with a significant (F = 0.65, P < 0.01) a direct correlation with constitutional hyperthymia, anxiety-hypomanic nozogeny response was observed in patients c schizotypal RL (n = 4) paired with symptoms of persistent hyperthymia (F = 0.39, P = 0.012).ConclusionPatho-characterological development of personality are formed on the remote catamnestic stage breast cancer and show the clinical heterogeneity of differentiation into 4 types: (1) the type of hypochondriacal dysthymia, (2) the type of “paranoia struggle”, (3) in an “aberrant hypochondria” and (4) the type of “new life”.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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Davidouski, S. V., J. A. Ibragimova, D. D. Kastsiuk, et al. "Analysis of socio-psychological factors associated with suicidal behavior in persons of military age." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series 18, no. 2 (2021): 234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1814-6023-2021-18-2-234-243.

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Currently, the Armed Forces are facing the problem of the death of personnel who committed suicide, which makes it important to look for the reasons of suicidal behavior.The study involved 169 men, divided into two groups: the first group consisted of persons of military age, in the amount of 115 people and the second group included 54 people who committed parasuicide using highly lethal methods of self-harm (GLIVS). During the study, socio-demographic characteristics (age, marital status, living conditions, professional status, characteristics and conditions of upbringing) and individual psychological personality traits (type of temperament, introversion-extraversion, neuroticism, ostentatiousness, fixedness, formalism, excitability, hyperthymia, dysthymia, anxiety, exaltation, affectability, cyclothymia) were assessed. The calculations were performed using the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics 22.Statistically significant differences between the study groups were due to the presence of differences between persons brought up in two-parent families. These groups differed in the phlegmatic type of temperament (predominant in GLIVS), the character traits of excitability, dysthymia, and hyperthymia. For GLIVS brought up in two-parent families, in addition to the phlegmatic type of temperament, it was characterized by the presence of punishments in childhood, a lower level of education (secondary education prevailed), a lower level of neuroticism, excitability, dysthymia and anxiety, an average level of hyperthymicity.Statistically significant differences between the study groups were revealed in terms of the type of temperament, excitability, dysthymism, and hypotensiveness and were due to the presence of differences between persons brought up in full families.Individuals from full families of GLIVS are characterized by the presence of more frequent punishments in childhood, a phlegmatic type of temperament, a lower level of education, a lower level of neuroticism, excitability, dysthymia, anxiety.

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FLETCHER, J. E., L. TRIPOLITIS, M. HUBERT, G. M. VITA, R. C. LEVITT, and H. ROSENBERG. "Genotype and Phenotype Relationships for Mutations in the Ryanodine Receptor in Patients Referred for Diagnosis of Malignant Hyperthymia." Survey of Anesthesiology 40, no. 6 (1996): 391???392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132586-199612000-00063.

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Coll, J. M., G. Martínez-Alés, and N. Salgado. "Decrease in prolactine levels after treatment with aripiprazole during a maniac episode: A case report." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): S333—S334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1166.

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IntroductionHyperprolactinemia can produce clinical symptoms affecting the patient's quality of life and therefore limiting therapeutic approaches to bipolar disorder.Case reportWe report a case of a 46-year-old woman, with a 10 year history of type I bipolar disorder and a microprolactinoma, who was admitted to a psychiatry inpatient unit due to a maniac episode. Current symptoms at the moment of admission included hyperthymia, verbiage, flight of ideas and insomnia. Menstrual changes and galactorrea had been present previously. Aripiprazole was introduced, reaching a dose of 30 mg/day, in addition to her usual treatment with lithium and gabapentin. Response to treatment was good and euthymia was reached within 10 days. Moreover, gabapentin was substituted by Valproic acid, and the patient was discharged once therapeutic levels were attained. Prolactin levels were measured at the moment of admission (128.75 ng/mL) and after 11 days of treatment (92.93 ng/mL).DiscussionChoosing an adequate antipsychotic agent can reduce the risk of iatrogenesis and thus enhance adherence to treatment and quality of life. Aripiprazole had previously shown a high potential at decreasing levels of prolactine. In this case, clinical practice supports scientific evidence.ConclusionsAripiprazole is an effective treatment for type I bipolar disorder. Especially, it can be a treatment of choice in patients suffering from symptoms related to high levels of prolactine, even using a high dosage.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Quandt, P., and M. Puga. "Manic episode secondary to maca." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): S339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1188.

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IntroductionMaca (Lepidium meyenii) is a plant grown in the Andes Mountains, formerly used for nutritional purposes. Nowadays is used as a nutritional supplement and energizing.ObjectivesTo describe a case of manic episode secondary to maca consumption, as an ingredient of an energizing product.AimsTo report on antidepressant properties of maca, based on a clinical case.MethodsX. is a 27-years-old male without any psychiatric history. He came to the emergency service because of the presence of sudden onset behavioral disorders, presenting a manic-like episode of seven hours of evolution. His symptoms consisted in psychomotor restlessness, hyperactivity, insomnia, verbose and loud speech, hyperthymia, megalomaniac verbalizations, and unsuitable future plans. The patient had self-awareness of his symptoms and was self-critical with his behavior. He reported he was consuming an energizing supplement containing maca from about two weeks ago. Treatment with olanzapine 20 mg was initiated, and the patient remained under observation for 24 hours.ResultsSymptomatology subsided completely after 24 hours. The patient is discharged from the hospital with diagnosis of manic episode secondary to maca, without any treatment. He was advice to not take stimulants.ConclusionsThere are studies reporting that maca plant has antidepressant properties, associated with the activation of noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems, as well as the attenuation of oxidative stress. However, more studies are needed to identify specific compounds that produce these effects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Giupponi, Giancarlo, Marco Innamorati, Elena Rogante, et al. "The Characteristics of Mood Polarity, Temperament, and Suicide Risk in Adult ADHD." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (2020): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082871.

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The present study was designed to shed light on a topic rarely explored and to suggest possible ways to detect risk factors for the presence of suicidal ideation and behaviors in a sample of adult patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study also explored the association between ADHD, affective temperaments, the presence of hypomania symptoms, and suicide risk. We hypothesized that (compared to healthy controls) (1) patients with adult ADHD would report more negative affective temperaments and more hypomania symptoms and (2) that they would have a higher suicide risk. The participants included 63 consecutive adult inpatients (18 women, 45 men) with ADHD and 69 healthy controls (42 women, 22 men). All participants were administered the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), the Hypomania Check-List-32 (HCL-32), the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), the Temperament Evaluation for Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego (TEMPS-A), and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Forty-six percent of the ADHD patients had an Axis 1 comorbid disorder. ADHD patients (compared to controls) more often reported suicidal ideation (46.0% vs. 5.9%, one-way Fisher exact test p < 0.001; phi = 0.46). ADHD patients and the controls also significantly differed in all the scales administered (with Cohen’s d between 0.92–4.70), except for the TEMPS-A Hyperthymia scale. A regression model indicated that ADHD was independently associated with higher scores of a negative temperaments/hypomania factor (Odd Ratio = 14.60) but not with suicidal ideation. A high incidence of suicidal ideation, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and negative affective temperaments was reported in adult ADHD patients, and clinicians should routinely assess risk factors for suicide among these patients.

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Ivanova, L. I., and O. Y. Zlobina. "Anxiety, Suicidal Risk and Personal Characteristics of Medical Students." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 6, no. 1 (2021): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2021-6.1.15.

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Background. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, personality traits and poor quality of life among medical students contributes to the formation of suicidal behaviorAims. To reveal the relationship between the severity of anxiety, hopelessness, personality traits and suicidal risk in students of Irkutsk State Medical University.Material and methods. The study included third-year students of the medical faculty of Irkutsk State Medical University (n = 61), average age – 19.7 ± 2.2 years. We used Spielberger – Khanin and Sheehan scales of self-assessment of the anxiety level, the personality questionnaire of Smisek – Mueller “Accent 2-90”, and Beck’s hopelessness scale.Results. According to the results of testing on the Spielberger – Khanin scale, the severity of reactive anxiety reached moderate values in 57.3 % of students, severe anxiety was found in 32.8 %, the absence of anxiety – in 9.8 %. Personal anxiety on the Spielberger – Khanin scale was characterized by moderate values in 52.5 % of cases, severe anxiety was found in 45.9 %, the absence of anxiety – in 1.6 %. Moderate and high values of reactive and personal anxiety were significantly more common compared to the students with no anxiety. According to the psychometric assessment of students using Sheehan scale, clinically expressed anxiety was observed in 47.5 % of cases, severe anxiety disorder – in 4.9 %, lack of anxiety – in 47.5 %. The personality traits of students with anxiety include hyperthymia, excitability, dysthymia, cyclothymia, introversion and exaltation.Нopelessness in students was detected in 27.9 % of cases (mild – in 16.4 %, moderate – in 9.8 %, severe – in 1.6 %). Тhe criterion of hopelessness was detected with pronounced situational and personal anxiety in comparison with moderately pronounced anxiety using Spielberger – Khanin scale (50 % and 39.3 % respectively); expressed and severe anxiety was detected in 51.7 % and 66.7 % of cases on the Sheehan scale.The personality traits of students with hopelessness included stuckness, pedantry (standard level and level above average); cyclothymia in the form of unstable mood; demonstrativeness; excitability (normative level); dysthymia in the form of attempts to deny difficulties; exaltation (average level); introverted personality direction.Conclusion. Determination of factors of suicidal risk is important in the prevention of suicidal behavior among medical students.

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Vlajić, Dušan. "ODNOS AFEKTIVNOG TEMPERAMENTA SA DIMENZIJAMA MENTALNOG ZDRAVLJA." ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ 17, no. 1 (2020): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.17.2020.03.

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This paper examines the relationship between affective temperaments (depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable, anxious-cognitive, and anxious-somatic) and symptoms of Terluin’s four dimensions of mental health (Distress, Depression, Anxiety, and Somatization). The sample is convenient, consisted of 190 people under the age of 35. The instruments used in the research are the following: the Serbian version of the TEMPS-A scale, which assess affective temperaments, and The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ). Results show that depressive and cyclothymic temperament are significant predictors of all Terluin’s dimensions. In addition, Anxiety can be significantly predicted based on hyperthymic, anxious-cognitive, and anxious- somatic temperament, and Somatization based on anxious-somatic temperament. Affective temperaments have a positive contribution to all regression models, except for hyperthymic temperament, which has a negative one. The main conclusion of the research is that in people with depressive, anxiety and somatic temperament characteristics, in stressful situations those characteristics can be intensified. Also, hyperthymic temperament, which is characterized by the largest number of desirable traits, could show a potential protective role in relation to the development of symptoms on Terluin’s dimensions.

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Vázquez, G. H., X. Gonda, R. Zaratiegui, L. S. Lorenzo, K. Akiskal, and H. S. Akiskal. "Hyperthymic temperament may protect against suicidal ideation." Journal of Affective Disorders 127, no. 1-3 (2010): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2010.04.015.

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Nastase, S., D. Ivanovici, and L. Nastase. "Effect of melatonin on insomnia in patients with hyperthymic temperament: An open clinical trial." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 1562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73266-7.

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IntroductionThe link among melatonin levels, pineal function, insomnia and affective spectrum is strengthened by epidemiologic and chronobiological evidence. From the affective spectrum, we selected the hyperthymic temperament, which is characterized by exuberant, upbeat, overenergetic, and overconfident lifelong traits.ObjectivesWe examined whether insomnia in persons with hyperthymic temperament responds particularly to the treatment with melatonin, in comparison with the euthymics patients with insomnia.MethodWe ran an open label study on 20 subjects. None suffered from depression, mania or hypomania.The study population comprised two groups: one group with patients with insomnia whose temperament presented hyperthymic traits (10 subjects) and the other group with euthymic adults, (10 subjects).The Athens Insomnia Scale 5-item version (AIS-5) was administered to the two groups before and after the treatment with melatonin. The AIS is a self-assessment psychometric instrument designed for quantifying sleep difficulty based on the ICD-10 criteria.The patients took a single daily dose of 5 mg of melatonin with 30 minutes before bedtime. Using the AIS-5, we have assessed sleep at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. SPSS version 11 was used for statistical analysis.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of melatonin therapy (5 mg/day), the comparison of the two groups showed that melatonin is more effective in the insomniacs with hyperthymic temperament comparative with the euthymic patients.ConclusionMelatonin has shown promising results in the treatment of insomnia in patients with hypertimic temperament. Further studies are necessary to better investigate the role of melatonin on insomnia in bipolar spectrum.

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Janiri, Delfina, Pietro De Rossi, Georgios D. Kotzalidis, et al. "Psychopathological characteristics and adverse childhood events are differentially associated with suicidal ideation and suicidal acts in mood disorders." European Psychiatry 53 (June 4, 2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.05.009.

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AbstractBackground:Depression is an important risk factor for suicide. However, other dimensions may contribute to the suicidal risk and to the transition from ideas to acts. We aimed to test the relative involvement of hopelessness, temperament, childhood trauma, and aggression in suicide risk in a large sample of patients with mood disorders.Methods:We assessed 306 patients with major depressive and bipolar disorders for clinical characteristics including hopelessness, temperament, childhood trauma, and aggression. We tested their associations with suicidal ideation and acts using standard univariate/bivariate methods, followed by multivariate logistic regression models.Results:In multivariate analyses, the loss of expectations subscore of the hopelessness scale was associated with lifetime suicidal ideation but not suicide attempt. Childhood emotional abuse, severity of current depression, and female gender were associated with lifetime suicide attempts, whereas hyperthymic temperament was protective. Only hyperthymic temperament differentiated patients with a history of suicidal ideas vs. those with a history of suicide attempt.Conclusions:Findings support the association of hopelessness with suicidal ideation and point to considering in suicidal acts not only depression, but also childhood emotional abuse, hyperthymic temperament, and gender.

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Manning, J. Sloan. "Refractory Depressed and Anxious States in Hyperthymic Women." Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 02, no. 01 (2000): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/pcc.v02n0105.

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Hensch, Tilman, Ulf Herold, and Burkhard Brocke. "An electrophysiological endophenotype of hypomanic and hyperthymic personality." Journal of Affective Disorders 101, no. 1-3 (2007): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.11.018.

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Kohno, Kentaro, Hajime Baba, Takeshi Inoue, et al. "Dose-dependent effects of light on hyperthymic temperament." Journal of Affective Disorders 162 (June 2014): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.03.029.

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Harada, Mayu, Takeshi Terao, Koji Hatano, et al. "Hyperthymic temperament and brightness preference in healthy subjects: Further evidence for involvement of left inferior orbitofrontal cortex in hyperthymic temperament." Journal of Affective Disorders 151, no. 2 (2013): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.017.

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Корнеева, Т. В., and С. Е. Поддубный. "ETHNOPSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONAL DETERMINANTS OF YOUTH AUTHORITATIVENESS." Институт психологии Российской академии наук. Социальная и экономическая психология, no. 3(19) (October 28, 2020): 141–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.38098/ipran.sep.2020.19.3.006.

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В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования этнопсихологических и личностных детерминант авторитарности молодежи. Использованы следующие методики: «F-шкала» Т. Адорно, «Типы этнической идентичности» Г.У. Солдатовой, С.В. Рыжовой, «Индекс толерантности» Г.У. Солдатовой, «Акцентуации личности» К. Леонгарда (модификация Г. Шмишека), «Шкала базисных убеждений» Р. Янофф-Бульман (адаптация М.А. Падун и А.В. Котельниковой), «Ценностные портреты» Ш. Шварца. Согласно полученным данным, для молодежи характерен низкий уровень Авторитарности , Позитивной этнической идентичности и Этнической толерантности в сочетании с высоким уровнем дискриминационных форм межэтнических отношений ( Этнонигилизмом , Этнофанатизмом , Этноэгоизмом ) и выраженной Социальной толерантностью . Подтверждена гипотеза о том, что Этническая идентичность , Толерантность , Акцентуации характера , Ценностные ориентации и Базисные убеждения являются детерминантами Авторитарности . Наибольший вклад в эту личностную черту вносят показатели, характеризующие отношение личности к своей этнической группе - Позитивная этническая идентичность и Этнонигилизм . Второе место по совокупному влиянию занимает характеристика терпимого отношения к социальным меньшинствам. Примерно равный вклад в Авторитарность молодежи вносят характеристики ценностно-смысловой сферы личности - ценность Доброты и базисного убеждения в том, что миру можно доверять, а также акцентуация характера - Гипертимность . Наибольшее положительное влияние на Авторитарность оказывает Позитивная этническая идентичность , а наибольшее отрицательное - Социальная толерантность . The paper considers the results of an empirical study of the ethnopsychological and personal determinants of youth authoritativeness. The following methods were used: "F-scale" by T. Adorno, "Types of ethnic identity" by G. U. Soldatova, S. V. Ryzhova, "Tolerance Index" by G.U. Soldatova, "Accentuations of personality" by K. Leonhard (modification by G. Shmishek), "Scale of basic beliefs" by Yanoff Bulman in the adaptation of M. A. Padun and A.V. Kotelnikova, “Value Portraits” by S. Schwartz. According to the obtained results, young people are characterized by low level of Authoritarianism. Positive ethnic identity and Ethnic tolerance, combined with a high level of discriminatory forms of interethnic relations (ethnonigilism, ethnophanatism) and expressed Social tolerance. The hypothesis that ethnic identity, tolerance, character accentuations, value orientation and basic beliefs are determinants of authoritarianism is confirmed. The greatest contribution into the authoritarianism of the individual is made by indicators, which characterize the attitude of the individual to the ethnic group - positive ethnic identity and Ethnonigilism. The second place in terms of overall influence occupies characteristic of tolerant attitude to social minorities. Approximately equal contribution to the Authoritarianism of youth is made by the characteristics of the value-semantic sphere of the individual - the value of Kindness and the basic belief that the world can be trusted, as well as the accentuation of character - Hyperthymia. Positive ethnic identity has the greatest positive influence on Authoritarianism, and Social tolerance has the greatest negative influence.

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Frankova, Iryna. "Antecedents of primary and secondary acute social withdrawal." Psychosomatic Medicine and General Practice 2, no. 4 (2017): e020491. http://dx.doi.org/10.26766/pmgp.v2i4.91.

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Background The phenomenon of acute social withdrawal (ASW) is becoming more common and widespread nowadays and can be characterized by complete solitude/alienation from society for 6 months or longer. Previous studies of the ASW included patients with mental disorders and were focused on the psychopathological features of secondary ASW caused by depression, social phobia, or bulimia. Aim To increase the effectiveness of acute social withdrawal differential diagnostics by determining the etiopathogenetic factors of its development and psychopathological features to improve further management of this condition. Materials and methods At the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy of Bogomolets National Medical University 70 patients with ASW were examined: the first experimental group (EG1) - patients with mental disorders and ASW (n = 42), and the second (EG2) - a mentally healthy contingent with primary ASW (n = 28). Healthy people without ASW (n=56, control group, CG) as well were examined. The following methods were used: Buss Durkee Hostility Inventory, Victim Behavior Questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-26), Leongard-Schmishek Accentuated Personality Trait Questionnaire, Life Event Questionnaire (LEQ), Chaban Quality of Life Scale. Results Comparing EG and CG regarding significance, there were determined several differences. The level of alexithymia in the EG was significantly higher than in the CG (p<0.005). The quality of life in the EG was significantly lower than in the CG (p<0.005). According to the Leongard-Schmishek test in EG accentuated personality traits such cyclothymia, hyperthymia, dysthymia, anxiety (p<0.005), pedantic (p<0.05), demonstrativeness (p <0.1) were significantly higher than in the CG. According to the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, such indicators as resentment (p<0.005), irritability (p<0.05), suspicion (p<0.05) and, as a consequence, an index of aggression (IA), (p<0.05) were significantly higher than in CG. The results of Life Traumatic Events Questionnaire (LEQ) demonstrated that the impact of traumatic events index (p<0.05) and the trauma index (TI) (p<0.05) in EG were significantly higher than in the CG. As a result of the comparison of the correlation matrices of the E1 and the E2, it was found that the groups differ both in the number of statistically significant links and in the correlation structure. Conclusion In this study, the psychopathological features of patients with ASW were determined in comparison with healthy control group. It was confirmed that the patients with primary ASW differ from patients with secondary ASW and have other antecedents of this behaviour.

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Rubino, I. Alex, Andrea Dotti, Elisabetta Greco Valeria Zanna, Eugenio Fieramonti, and Nicola Ciani. "Styles of Regulation in the Bipolar Spectrum." Perceptual and Motor Skills 81, no. 2 (1995): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003151259508100212.

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Styles of regulation were assessed with the Serial Color-Word Test in a group of 35 compensated DSM-III—R bipolar patients (Bipolar) and in 3 control groups: Major Depression ( n = 35), Schizophrenia ( n = 50), and self-rated Personality Disorder ( n = 40). On several measures of nonlinear change (V), patients in the Bipolar group had mean scores between those of the Personality Disorder and the Schizophrenic groups, and overlapped with those of the Major Depression group. Patients in the Bipolar group with clearcut temperaments (hyperthymic or depressive) were significantly more dissociative and less stabilized than other patients in the same group. A further group of nonclinical subjects with hyperthymic temperament ( n = 20) was significantly more dissociative than the Personality Disorder group.

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Akiskal, Hagop S. "Delineating Irritable and Hyperthymic Variants Of the Cyclothymic Temperament." Journal of Personality Disorders 6, no. 4 (1992): 326–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1992.6.4.326.

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Fritze, Friederike, U. Ehrt, and P. Brieger. "Zum Konzept der Hyperthymie - Historische Entwicklung und aktuelle Aspekte -." Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie 70, no. 3 (2002): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-20530.

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Hoaki, Nobuhiko, Takeshi Terao, Yumei Wang, Shinjiro Goto, Kounosuke Tsuchiyama, and Noboru Iwata. "Biological aspect of hyperthymic temperament: light, sleep, and serotonin." Psychopharmacology 213, no. 2-3 (2010): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-010-1999-0.

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Kodama, Kensuke, Mayu Harada, Takeshi Terao, et al. "Hyperthymic temperament and rapid reaction time in brightness preference." Journal of Affective Disorders 151, no. 3 (2013): 914–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.07.038.

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Marinova, P., and L. G. Hranov. "P.2.d.017 Is hyperthymic temperament an alarming sign?" European Neuropsychopharmacology 23 (October 2013): S372—S373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(13)70588-1.

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Bulhakova, O. Yu, and O. V. Azarkina. "REFLECTIVE PORTRAIT OF A TEACHER WITH HYPERTHYMIC ACCENTUATION OF CHARACTER." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Psychology, no. 4 (2020): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2709-3093/2020.4/29.

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Kocherova, O. Ju, L. A. Pykhtina, H. D. Gadzhimuradova, O. M. Filkina, and A. I. Malyshkina. "Psychological Characteristics of Mothers of Children Conceivedwith Use of In Vitro Fertilization." Клиническая и специальная психология 5, no. 3 (2016): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2016050305.

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The article is devoted to the study of the psychological characteristics of mothers who gave birth to children conceived using in vitro fertilization. The results of a comparative study of personality characteristics, gestational dominant psychological component, and parent-child relationship 105 mothers of infants conceived via IVF children and 89 mothers who conceived naturally. The methodology used MINI SMIL L.N. Sobchik, test for pregnant I.V. Dobryakova and methods of E.S. Schaeffer, R.K. Bell revealed that mothers of children conceived via IVF, characterized hyperthymic, anxiety and ambition, at least – masculine traits and deliberately. Women often anxiety related to pregnancy and child euphoric attitude towards childbirth. After birth, they are often too much care of their children. Mothers who gave birth to premature babies are more likely than mothers of full-term children, are original and hyperthymic traits. During pregnancy, they often «gipognostichesky type» (little conscious) of relationship to leave, depressive attitude towards yourself and your child, anxious attitude towards strangers. These factors are risk factors for premature birth, therefore, require psychological treatment.

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Goto, S., T. Terao, Y. Araki, N. Hoaki, Y. M. Wang, and Y. Takai. "P.2.a.001 Cyclothymic and hyperthymic temperaments in depressive patients." European Neuropsychopharmacology 20 (August 2010): S333—S334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(10)70457-0.

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Marinova, P., and L. G. Hranov. "EPA-0478 – Hyperthymic temperament as a protective factor against suicidal risk." European Psychiatry 29 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(14)77886-1.

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Gaszner, Peter. "COMPOSITE DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF HYPERTHYMIC DISORDERS (CODE-HD) ON CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY." Clinical Neuropharmacology 15 (1992): 493B. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002826-199202001-00959.

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Kurt, Erhan, Ilhan Karacan, Nihal Ozaras, and Gazi Alatas. "Affective temperament in stroke patients." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 20, no. 6 (2008): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00335.x.

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Objective:The aims of this study were to determine the dominant affective temperament changes in stroke survivors and whether temperament affects the disability.Methods:A total of 63 stroke patients were included in this study. Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire was used to determine the dominant affective temperament (depressive, hyperthymic, cyclothymic, irritable or anxious). The disability level was measured with the Barthel index (BI).Results:Depressive temperament (17.5%) and anxious temperament (12.7%) were the most common dominant affective temperaments. The frequencies of irritable, cyclothymic and hyperthymic temperaments were 4.8, 3.2 and 0%, respectively. The mean BI score was 78.1 ± 18.3 in patients with depressive temperament and 67.4 ± 28.4 in patients without depressive temperament (p = 0.403). The mean BI score was 78.1 ± 15.3 in patients with anxious temperament and 68.0 ± 28.3 in patients without anxious temperament (p = 0.541). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that BI score was not associated with affective temperament changes.Conclusion:The results of the current study suggest that depressive and anxious temperaments are the most common affective temperaments and that there appears to be no association between disability level and dominant affective temperament in stroke survivors.

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Yazici, Esra, Hilal Uslu Yuvaci, Ahmet Bulent Yazici, Arif Serhan Cevrioglu, and Atila Erol. "Affective temperaments during pregnancy and postpartum period: a click to hyperthymic temperament." Gynecological Endocrinology 34, no. 3 (2017): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2017.1393509.

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Bisol, Luísa W., and Diogo R. Lara. "Low-dose quetiapine for patients with dysregulation of hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperaments." Journal of Psychopharmacology 24, no. 3 (2008): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881108097715.

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Rybakowski, Janusz K., Daria Dembinska, Sebastian Kliwicki, Kareen K. Akiskal, and Hagop H. Akiskal. "TEMPS-A and long-term lithium response: Positive correlation with hyperthymic temperament." Journal of Affective Disorders 145, no. 2 (2013): 187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.07.028.

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Herpertz, S., EM Steinmeyer, and H. Saß. "On the conceptualisation of subaffective personality disorders." European Psychiatry 13, no. 1 (1998): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(97)86746-6.

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SummaryThe reconceptualisation of German traditional constructs of subaffective personality disorders (PDs) was stimulated by clinical and some empirical evidence of mild and enduring alterations of mood and drive in patients who never developed one of the full-blown mood disorders. The aim of the study was to clarify the status of historical concepts of subaffective PDs (as there are the depressive, hyperthymic, cyclothymic, and asthenic type) in relation to the modern Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-III-R conceptions of personality disorders and the five factor theory of personality. A consecutive psychiatric sample and a normal control sample were used to investigate these relationships. By means of a non-metric multi-dimensional scaling procedure, and facet theoretical interpretation, the depressive and asthenic PDs were demonstrated to correspond highly with the global construct of PD as well as with the personality factor neuroticism which proved to be elevated in most types of PDs within the clinical sample. The hyperthymic and cyclothymic categories displayed differences to most DSM-III-R constructs of PD in the clinical but not in the control sample. The findings may explain the chronic course of some depressive or somatization disorders that are difficult to influence by pharmacotherapy and that may require special treatment strategies.

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Krumm-Merabet, Christiane, and Thomas D. Meyer. "Leisure activities, alcohol, and nicotine consumption in people with a hypomanic/hyperthymic temperament." Personality and Individual Differences 38, no. 3 (2005): 701–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.024.

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Perugi, Giulio, Icro Maremmani, Cristina Toni, Donato Madaro, Belen Mata, and Hagop S. Akiskal. "The contrasting influence of depressive and hyperthymic temperaments on psychometrically derived manic subtypes." Psychiatry Research 101, no. 3 (2001): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1781(01)00232-3.

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Wang, Yumei, Takeshi Terao, Nobuhiko Hoaki, et al. "Type A behavior pattern and hyperthymic temperament: Possible association with bipolar IV disorder." Journal of Affective Disorders 133, no. 1-2 (2011): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.017.

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Dmitriev, Maxim, Ekaterina Nikitenko, Maria Mamedova, and Nikita Spryshkov. "Aspects of the affective disorders and the affective temperaments in medical students from Rostov-on-Don, Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 19022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021019022.

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Affective disorders are widespread among student youth. Anxiety and depression are the most common disorders, but thorough diagnostics reveals other emotional disturbances as well, which may imply bipolar disorder (BD). BD is associated with a wide range of adverse outcomes; therefore, it is important to identify masking symptoms that predict the onset and course of BD. One of the predictors of bipolar disorder is the temperament. The present study aimed to analyze the entire spectrum of affective disorders and determine the correlation between them and the affective temperaments. The study involved 106 medical students. They completed the following autoquestionnaires: PHQ-9, ASRM, GAD-7, ShARS, HCL-32 and TEMPS-A. Conducting analyses, the results of the HCL-32 questionnaire were statistically significantly correlating with the results of GAD-7 (p = 0.034) and the hyperthymic (p = 0.000), cyclothymic (p = 0.000) and excitable (p = 0.004) temperaments according to TEMPS-A. When dividing the total sample into two groups, based on the HCL-32 questionnaire data, a higher incidence of depressive disorders on the PHQ-9 scale (p = 0.023) was found among respondents who scored more than 14 points on the HCL-32. Almost half of the respondents showed a high level of hypomania, which implies a high risk of developing bipolar spectrum disorders. A statistically significant relationship between hypomania and personality traits was found with hyperthymic, cyclothymic and excitable temperaments. It is necessary to diagnose such disorders in time to improve the social functioning of the students.

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Szcześniak, Małgorzata, and Klaudia Strochalska. "Temperament and Sense of Coherence: Emotional Intelligence as a Mediator." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (2019): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010219.

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Sense of coherence (SOC) reflects an individual’s capacity and available resources to deal with stressful situations. For some time now studies have revealed that people differ in their experience of SOC; yet, very little is known about how and through which mechanisms a high level of SOC is formed. In order to increase our understanding about the paths to a high SOC in the stage of adulthood, we focused on exploring the role both of temperament, as it has been confirmed as a potential component in the development of more complex traits that emerge later in life, and of emotional intelligence (EI) as it has been found to increase SOC. The sample consisted of 173 participants between 18 and 49. We used the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ), and Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (INTE). Results showed a negative correlation between the depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, and anxious dimensions of temperament and SOC, and EI. There was also a positive correlation between hyperthymic temperament and SOC, and EI. EI correlated positively with a general sense of coherence and its three dimensions. The PROCESS macro for SPSS showed that emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable and anxious temperament, comprehensibility, manageability, meaningfulness, and global orientation to life. On the basis of the obtained outcomes, it can be stated that emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between dimensions of temperament and dimensions of SOC.

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Muniz Magalhaes, E., R. Gois Campos, L. M. Sarin, and J. A. Del Porto. "First episode of bipolar depression and suicide attempt after bariatric surgery in a 45-year-old woman." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): S336—S337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1176.

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IntroductionWeight loss positively influences mental health but findings are mixed in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The permanent changes in body image, diet-related stress, and unmet expectations could increase mental health problems such as major depression and self-harm behaviors. Mixed symptoms during major depressive episode were often misdiagnosed as agitated depression, and should be regarded as a risk factor for suicide and rapid cycling course of illness.MethodSingle case report.ResultsA 45-year-old woman, initially diagnosed as a unipolar depressive episode after bariatric surgery, did not show improvement after SSRI treatment. She had no history of previous episode but her temperament was described as hyperthymic. Antidepressant worsened irritability, racing/crowded thoughts, heightened anxiety and aggressive impulses, mood instability, impaired concentration, insomnia and she had a suicide attempt (antidepressant overdose). After mood stabilizer and atypical antipsychotic, symptoms fully remitted and she is stable in the last year.ConclusionSelf-harm emergencies after bariatric surgery are higher than before surgery. Intentional overdose is considered the most common self-harm mechanism. Psychiatric follow-up after bariatric surgery and early recognition of bipolar depression with mixed features as a distinct condition among the variety of depressive syndromes is essential to reduce the risk of self-harm behaviors and improve treatment outcomes. Premorbid temperamental features, especially hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperaments, are often responsible for such mixed depressive presentations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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KARAM, ELIE G., MARIANA M. SALAMOUN, JOUMANA S. YERETZIAN, et al. "The role of anxious and hyperthymic temperaments in mental disorders: a national epidemiologic study." World Psychiatry 9, no. 2 (2010): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00287.x.

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Harada, Mayu, Nobuhiko Hoaki, Takeshi Terao, et al. "Hyperthymic temperament and brightness judgment in healthy subjects: Involvement of left inferior orbitofrontal cortex." Journal of Affective Disorders 151, no. 1 (2013): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.05.066.

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Barylnik, Y., J. Abrosimova, S. Pakhomova, et al. "The connection between drugs of abuse and personality disorders." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.520.

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IntroductionPatients who are suffering from different type of drugs have special individual and psychological problems. These changes are important for regulation and to control their behaviour.ObjectivesTo study the psychological characteristics and personal resources of the patients who are suffering from abuse of drugs.MethodsFifty patients were studied, 63.3% men and 36.7% women and in the ages of 18–21 years. Following psychodiagnostic methods are used: Kettel's sixteen personality factor test, Leonhard-Shmishek's personality test, scale of reactive and personal anxiety Spielberger-Hanin.ResultsAmount those patients were suffering from different type of drugs: synthetic cannabinoids-66.7%, 20% were dependent on synthetic cathinone and 13.3% were dependent on opiates (heroin). According to Leonhard-Shmishek's scales, the most often of personality disorders were dysthymic type, hyperthymic type and explosive type. According to Kettel's scale were indicated the leading individually-psychological properties in more than half of the subjects is the development of abstract thinking, free thinking, impulsiveness, lack of confidence to the authorities, the high emotional tension, emotional instability and irresponsibility. An analysis of global factors indicative of the severity indices of extraversion. According to Spielberger-Hanin's scale, 80% of patients with substance abuse had mild level of situational and personal anxiety, which can be identified as an important psychotherapeutic resource.ConclusionsAccording to scales, the most often of personality disorders were dysthymic type, hyperthymic type and explosive type. Eighty percent of patients with drug abuse had mild level of situational and personal anxiety. This feature is main of predictor as an important psychotherapeutic resource.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Mineo, L., Y. Sarraf, S. Hanauer, et al. "Affective temperaments in medical students using prescription stimulants for neuroenhancement." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.444.

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IntroductionThe non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) is a common habit among American college students; It refers to the use of stimulant medications by students who do not qualify for prescription or in higher quantities or manners other than prescribed in order to improve their academic performance. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have examined the role of specific affective, biologically determined and inherited traits that might predict misuse of stimulants for neuroenhancement in graduate education.AimTo examine the role for individual temperament traits on non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) in medical college students.MethodsWe investigated 181 students using the short form of the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A). Furthermore, we assessed the association of demographic variables and health risk behaviors (drinking, smoking, use other illicit drugs) with NMUPS. Predictors were investigated using logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of NMUPS was 30.06% with 7.1% users being previously diagnosed with ADHD. NMUPS users had higher scores on the hyperthymic scale. The main reason for taking NMUPS was to “Increase ability to stay alert during studying” (80.1%) followed by “Allow studying for longer periods of time” (19.9%). The hyperthymic temperament score and being a user of other illicit drugs increased the odds of becoming NMUPS.ConclusionsOur results suggest that personality profiles can be used to identify students with an increased risk for NMUPS for early personalized counseling and behavioral intervention based on their temperament profile.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Perretta, P., H. S. Akiskal, C. Nisita, et al. "The high prevalence of bipolar II and associated cyclothymic and hyperthymic temperaments in HIV-patients." Journal of Affective Disorders 50, no. 2-3 (1998): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00111-6.

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Kobayashi, Shunsuke, Takeshi Terao, Masanao Shirahama, et al. "Relationship between hyperthymic temperament, self‐directedness, and self‐transcendence in medical students and staff members." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 73, no. 5 (2019): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12828.

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Nemcsik, János, Milán Vecsey-Nagy, Bálint Szilveszter, et al. "Inverse association between hyperthymic affective temperament and coronary atherosclerosis: A coronary computed tomography angiography study." Journal of Psychosomatic Research 103 (December 2017): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.10.013.

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