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Journal articles on the topic 'Hypocotyl/metabolism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

de Wit, Mieke, Gavin M. George, Yetkin Çaka Ince, et al. "Changes in resource partitioning between and within organs support growth adjustment to neighbor proximity in Brassicaceae seedlings." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 42 (2018): E9953—E9961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1806084115.

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In shade-intolerant plants, the perception of proximate neighbors rapidly induces architectural changes resulting in elongated stems and reduced leaf size. Sensing and signaling steps triggering this modified growth program have been identified. However, the underlying changes in resource allocation that fuel stem growth remain poorly understood. Through 14CO2 pulse labeling of Brassica rapa seedlings, we show that perception of the neighbor detection signal, low ratio of red to far-red light (R:FR), leads to increased carbon allocation from the major site of photosynthesis (cotyledons) to the

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2

Sterling, Tracy M., and Nelson E. Balke. "Use of Soybean (Glycine max) and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Suspension-Cultured Cells to Study Bentazon Metabolism." Weed Science 36, no. 5 (1988): 558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500075391.

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Metabolism and phytotoxicity of bentazon by suspension-cultured cells of soybean and velvetleaf were compared. Growth of suspension cells of both species was reduced when the cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of bentazon. However, soybean plants were tolerant and velvetleaf plants were susceptible to postemergence applications of bentazon. After incubation with 1 μM14C-bentazon for 6 h, soybean and velvetleaf cells in the log phase of the culture growth cycle contained similar levels of14C (6 nmol/g fresh weight). Of the total14C in the soybean cells, 57 to 92% was present as the

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Xu, Jiawei, Lijuan Han, Shuyan Xia, Ruojia Zhu, Erfang Kang, and Zhonglin Shang. "ATANN3 Is Involved in Extracellular ATP-Regulated Auxin Distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings." Plants 12, no. 2 (2023): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12020330.

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Extracellular ATP (eATP) plays multiple roles in plant growth and development, and stress responses. It has been revealed that eATP suppresses growth and alters the growth orientation of the root and hypocotyl of Arabidopsis thaliana by affecting auxin transport and localization in these organs. However, the mechanism of the eATP-stimulated auxin distribution remains elusive. Annexins are involved in multiple aspects of plant cellular metabolism, while their role in response to apoplastic signals remains unclear. Here, by using the loss-of-function mutations, we investigated the role of AtANN3

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4

Li, Xu, Tong Liang, and Hongtao Liu. "How plants coordinate their development in response to light and temperature signals." Plant Cell 34, no. 3 (2021): 955–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab302.

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Abstract Light and temperature change constantly under natural conditions and profoundly affect plant growth and development. Light and warmer temperatures promote flowering, higher light intensity inhibits hypocotyl and petiole elongation, and warmer temperatures promote hypocotyl and petiole elongation. Moreover, exogenous light and temperature signals must be integrated with endogenous signals to fine-tune phytohormone metabolism and plant morphology. Plants perceive and respond to light and ambient temperature using common sets of factors, such as photoreceptors and multiple light signal t

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5

Wang, Chang, Yu Chen, Can Cui, et al. "Blue Light Regulates Cell Wall Structure and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Soybean Hypocotyl." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 2 (2023): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021017.

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Soybean stem elongation and thickening are related to cell wall composition. Plant morphogenesis can be influenced by blue light, which can regulate cell wall structure and composition, and affect stem growth and development. Here, using proteomics and metabolomics, differentially expressed proteins and metabolites of hypocotyls grown in the dark and under blue light were studied to clarify the effects of blue light on the cell wall structure and carbohydrate metabolism pathway of soybean hypocotyls. Results showed that 1120 differential proteins were upregulated and 797 differential proteins

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6

Mao, Lianzhen, Yunhua Dai, Yu Huang, et al. "Effect of Light Intensity on Gene Expression in Hypocotyl during the Elongation in a Leaf-Yellowing Mutant of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)." Agronomy 12, no. 11 (2022): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112762.

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Light is vital for plant growth and development, and the germination of many plant seeds and the development of seedlings are very sensitive to the light environment. Under no or low light conditions, pepper seedlings will accelerate the elongation of the hypocotyl to obtain light. To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which light regulates hypocotyl elongation in pepper, RNA sequencing was performed to analyze the hypocotyls and cotyledons of the yellowing mutant R24 under three different light intensity treatments. A total of 35,341 gene were identified; moreover, during the treatment, 969

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Dornbusch, Tino, Olivier Michaud, Ioannis Xenarios, and Christian Fankhauser. "Differentially phased leaf growth and movements in Arabidopsis depend on coordinated circadian and light regulation." Plant Cell 26, no. 10 (2014): 3911–21. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.129031.

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In contrast to vastly studied hypocotyl growth, little is known about diel regulation of leaf growth and its coordination with movements such as changes in leaf elevation angle (hyponasty). We developed a 3D live-leaf growth analysis system enabling simultaneous monitoring of growth and movements. Leaf growth is maximal several hours after dawn, requires light, and is regulated by daylength, suggesting coupling between growth and metabolism. We identify both blade and petiole positioning as important components of leaf movements in Arabidopsis thaliana and reveal a temporal delay between growt

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8

Sundstrom, F. J., and R. L. Edwards. "Pepper Seed Respiration, Germination, and Seedling Development Following Seed Priming." HortScience 24, no. 2 (1989): 343–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.2.343.

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Abstract Seeds of jalapeno (Capsicum annuum L.) and tabasco (Capsicum frutescens L.) peppers were placed in aerated distilled water for 9.5 or 8 hr, respectively, or primed for 144 hr in aerated 3.0% or 2.75% KNO3 solutions, respectively. After treatment, seeds from each replication were placed on moist filter paper in Petri dishes for germination tests, in rolled paper towels for radicle and hypocotyl development tests, or in 70-ml incubation jars for 24-hr respiration studies. All tests were maintained at 25C. Jalapeno seed germination percentage was not affected by seed priming, but the mea

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9

Mboene Noah, Alexandre, Rubén Casanova-Sáez, Rolande Eugenie Makondy Ango, et al. "Dynamics of Auxin and Cytokinin Metabolism during Early Root and Hypocotyl Growth in Theobroma cacao." Plants 10, no. 5 (2021): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10050967.

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The spatial location and timing of plant developmental events are largely regulated by the well balanced effects of auxin and cytokinin phytohormone interplay. Together with transport, localized metabolism regulates the concentration gradients of their bioactive forms, ultimately eliciting growth responses. In order to explore the dynamics of auxin and cytokinin metabolism during early seedling growth in Theobroma cacao (cacao), we have performed auxin and cytokinin metabolite profiling in hypocotyls and root developmental sections at different times by using ultra-high-performance liquid chro

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Larriba, Eduardo, Ana Belén Sánchez-García, Cristina Martínez-Andújar, Alfonso Albacete, and José Manuel Pérez-Pérez. "Tissue-Specific Metabolic Reprogramming during Wound-Induced Organ Formation in Tomato Hypocotyl Explants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18 (2021): 10112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810112.

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Plants have remarkable regenerative capacity, which allows them to survive tissue damage after exposure to biotic and abiotic stresses. Some of the key transcription factors and hormone crosstalk mechanisms involved in wound-induced organ regeneration have been extensively studied in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, little is known about the role of metabolism in wound-induced organ formation. Here, we performed detailed transcriptome analysis and used a targeted metabolomics approach to study de novo organ formation in tomato hypocotyl explants and found tissue-specific metaboli

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Tugbaeva, Anastasia S., Alexander A. Ermoshin, Hada Wuriyanghan, and Irina S. Kiseleva. "Lignification in Zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacq.) Stem Sections of Different Age: Biochemical and Molecular Genetic Traits." Horticulturae 9, no. 3 (2023): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9030410.

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Lignification of the stem in zinnia provides its mechanical properties due to xylem formation, which depends on the stage of plant development and is responsible for the transport of water and minerals. The study was aimed at the lignin deposition, anatomical traits, biochemical markers of lignification, as well as the genetic regulation of this process in zinnia stem cross sections of different age during their radial growth. The anatomical traits were assessed on cross sections. The content of lignin (Cysteine-assisted sulfuric method (CASA) and the thioglycolic acid (TGA) methods), the spec

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12

Lee, T. T., and A. N. Starratt. "Metabolism of [14C]-indole-3-acetic acid by soybean callus and hypocotyl sections." Physiologia Plantarum 84, no. 2 (1992): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb04655.x.

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Lee, T. T., and A. N. Starratt. "Metabolism of [14C]-indole-3-acetic acid by soybean callus and hypocotyl sections." Physiologia Plantarum 84, no. 2 (1992): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1992.840204.x.

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Zhu, Ruojia, Xiaoxia Dong, Yingying Xue, et al. "Redox-Responsive Transcription Factor 1 (RRFT1) Is Involved in Extracellular ATP-Regulated Arabidopsis thaliana Seedling Growth." Plant and Cell Physiology 61, no. 4 (2020): 685–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaa014.

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Abstract Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) is an apoplastic signaling molecule that plays an essential role in the growth and development of plants. Arabidopsis seedlings have been reported to respond to eATP; however, the downstream signaling components are still not well understood. In this study, we report that an ethylene-responsive factor, Redox-Responsive Transcription Factor 1 (RRTF1), is involved in eATP-regulated Arabidopsis thaliana seedling growth. Exogenous adenosine triphosphate inhibited green seedling root growth and induced hypocotyl bending of etiolated seedlings. RR

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15

Eynck, C., B. Koopmann, P. Karlovsky, and A. von Tiedemann. "Internal Resistance in Winter Oilseed Rape Inhibits Systemic Spread of the Vascular Pathogen Verticillium longisporum." Phytopathology® 99, no. 7 (2009): 802–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-99-7-0802.

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Verticillium longisporum is a vascular fungal pathogen presently threatening oilseed rape production in Europe. Systemic spread and vascular responses were studied in a susceptible (‘Falcon’) and a resistant genotype (SEM 05-500256) of Brassica napus. Colonization of both genotypes after dip-inoculation of the roots followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed similarities only in the initial stages of root penetration and colonization of the hypocotyl, while a substantial invasion of the shoot was only recorded in ‘Falcon’. It is concluded that the type of resistance represente

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16

Park, Cho-Rong, Van Tinh Nguyen, Ji-Hee Min, Hyunkyu Sang, Gah-Hyun Lim, and Cheol Soo Kim. "Isolation and Functional Characterization of Soybean BES1/BZR1 Homolog 3-Like 1 (GmBEH3L1) Associated with Dehydration Sensitivity and Brassinosteroid Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana." Plants 11, no. 19 (2022): 2565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11192565.

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Brassinosteroid (BR) is an important steroid hormone that regulates plant development, abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, and responses to abiotic stress. We previously demonstrated that BEH3 (BES1/BZR1 Homolog 3) of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates dehydration and ABA responses by mediating proline metabolism. Furthermore, BEH3 negatively regulates BR-mediated hypocotyl elongation in dark-grown seedlings. However, the roles of BEH3 ortholog genes in the osmotic stress response of plants have remained largely unknown. Here, GmBEH3L1 (Glycine max BEH3-Like 1), a soybean (G. max) ortholog of the BEH3

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17

Jordy, Marie-Noëlle, Susanna Danti, Jean-Michel Favre, and Milvia Luisa Raccchi. "Histological and biochemical changes in Pinus spp. seeds during germination and post-germinative growth: triacylglycerol distribution and catalase activity." Functional Plant Biology 27, no. 12 (2000): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp00069.

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The spatio-temporal evolution of catalase (CAT) activity and triacylglycerol distribution was investigated in seeds and seedlings from Pinus pinaster Ait., P. pinea L. and P. radiata D. Don during germination and post-germination. The high amount of triacylglycerols contained in the whole dehydrated embryo from the three species was progressively depleted, first, in the radicle and then in hypocotyl and cotyledons during post-germinative growth. In parallel, histological localisation of CAT activity and the quantitative analysis confirmed the involvement of this enzyme in cell detoxification f

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18

Jyoti, M., Seema Gupta, Kanta Rani, Anupam Sehra, Rameshwar Groach, and Deepika Gulati. "Biochemical Evaluation of Cadmium on Calli of Solanum melongena L." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (2023): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1205.016.

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Accumulation of cadmium in vegetables poses serious threats to human health; therefore it is necessary to study the accumulation of cadmium in the edible parts. Eggplant has a higher tendency for cadmium accumulation, plants grown in soil system cannot project the true picture of cadmium tolerance, due to the interaction of edaphic factors. Therefore in vitro study on cadmium toxicity in cotyledon and hypocotyl derived differentiating and non-differentiating stages of calli of Solanum melongena L. was conducted. In this study metabolism of proteins, amino acids, and different enzymes like Mala

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19

Hutchinson, Margaret J., and Praveen K. Saxena. "Role of purine metabolism in thidiazuron-induced somatic embryogenesis of geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum) hypocotyl cultures." Physiologia Plantarum 98, no. 3 (1996): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1996.tb05706.x.

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Hutchinson, Margaret J., and Praveen K. Saxena. "Role of purine metabolism in thidiazuron-induced somatic embryogenesis of geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum) hypocotyl cultures." Physiologia Plantarum 98, no. 3 (1996): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1996.980311.x.

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21

Liu, Shengcai, Xiao Wang, and Liyun Peng. "Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of the Metabolism of Betalains and Flavonoids in Red Amaranth Hypocotyl under Blue Light and Dark Conditions." Molecules 28, no. 15 (2023): 5627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155627.

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Amaranth plants contain abundant betalains and flavonoids. Anthocyanins are important flavonoids; however, they cannot coexist in the same plant with betalains. Blue light influences metabolite synthesis and hypocotyl elongation; accordingly, analyses of its effects on betalain and flavonoid biosynthesis in Amaranthus tricolor may provide insight into the distribution of these plant pigments. We analyzed the betalain and flavonoid content and transcriptome profiles in amaranth hypocotyls under blue light and dark conditions. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression patterns of key genes related

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Barba-Espín, Gregorio, Shih-Ti Chen, Sara Agnolet, et al. "Ethephon-induced changes in antioxidants and phenolic compounds in anthocyanin-producing black carrot hairy root cultures." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 22 (2020): 7030–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa376.

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Abstract Hairy root (HR) cultures are quickly evolving as a fundamental research tool and as a bio-based production system for secondary metabolites. In this study, an efficient protocol for establishment and elicitation of anthocyanin-producing HR cultures from black carrot was established. Taproot and hypocotyl explants of four carrot cultivars were transformed using wild-type Rhizobium rhizogenes. HR growth performance on plates was monitored to identify three fast-growing HR lines, two originating from root explants (lines NB-R and 43-R) and one from a hypocotyl explant (line 43-H). The HR

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Zhong, Zhuoheng, Takashi Furuya, Kimitaka Ueno, et al. "Proteomic Analysis of Irradiation with Millimeter Waves on Soybean Growth under Flooding Conditions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (2020): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020486.

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Improving soybean growth and tolerance under environmental stress is crucial for sustainable development. Millimeter waves are a radio-frequency band with a wavelength range of 1–10 mm that has dynamic effects on organisms. To investigate the potential effects of millimeter-waves irradiation on soybean seedlings, morphological and proteomic analyses were performed. Millimeter-waves irradiation improved the growth of roots/hypocotyl and the tolerance of soybean to flooding stress. Proteomic analysis indicated that the irradiated soybean seedlings recovered under oxidative stress during growth,

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Gong, Biao, Yanyan Yan, Lili Zhang, Fei Cheng, Zhen Liu, and Qinghua Shi. "Unravelling GSNOR-Mediated S-Nitrosylation and Multiple Developmental Programs in Tomato Plants." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 11 (2019): 2523–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcz143.

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Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) impacts multiple developmental events and stress responses in plants. S-nitrosylation, regulated by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), is considered as an important route for NO bioactivity. However, genetic evidence for GSNOR-mediated plant development and S-nitrosylation remains elusive in crop species. Genetic and site-specific nitrosoproteomic approach was used to obtain GSNOR-mediated phenotype and S-nitrosylated network. Knockdown of GSNOR increased the endogenous NO level and S-nitrosylation, resulting in higher germination rate, inhibition of root and hy

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Bailly, Christophe, and Livia Merendino. "Oxidative signalling in seed germination and early seedling growth: an emerging role for ROS trafficking and inter-organelle communication." Biochemical Journal 478, no. 10 (2021): 1977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20200934.

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Underground early development of higher plants includes two distinct developmental processes, seed germination and then skotomorphogenesis, a mechanism which favours elongation of the hypocotyl and helps the seedling to find light. Interestingly, both processes, which are regulated by plant hormones, have been shown to depend on reactive oxygen species metabolism and to be related to mitochondrial retrograde signalling. Here we review the recent outcomes in this field of research and highlight the emerging role of ROS communication between organelles and cell compartments. We point out the rol

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Zhang, Yalin, Lihong Zhao, Zili Feng, et al. "The Role of a New Compound Micronutrient Multifunctional Fertilizer against Verticillium dahliae on Cotton." Pathogens 10, no. 1 (2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010081.

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Verticillium dahliae Kleb., the causal pathogen of vascular wilt, can seriously reduce the yield and quality of many crops, including cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). To control the harm caused by V. dahliae, considering the environmental pollution of chemical fungicides and their residues, the strategy of plant nutrition regulation is becoming increasingly important as an eco-friendly method for disease control. A new compound micronutrient fertilizer (CMF) found in our previous study could reduce the damage of cotton Verticillium wilt and increase yield. However, there is little information abou

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Youssef, T., and P. Saenger. "Anatomical Adaptive Strategies to Flooding and Rhizosphere Oxidation in Mangrove Seedlings." Australian Journal of Botany 44, no. 3 (1996): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9960297.

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Limited information exists on the relation between the capacity of mangrove seedlings to oxidise the rhizosphere and their differential waterlogging tolerance. Laboratory experiments were conducted to estimate radial oxygen loss (ROL) by the entire root, the area of oxidising sites (AOS) on the root surface, root porosity (POR), and the internal diffusive resistance in the ground tissue of seedlings of six mangrove species that show a differential response to flooding. Radial oxygen loss was extremely low in all viviparous seedlings (0.7-1.5 μmol O2 per cm2AOS per day). Differential tolerance

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Qin, Mingbo, Chiwon W. Lee, Alex Y. Borovkov, and Murray E. Duysen. "Transformation of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) with Genes Involved in Carbohydrate Metabolism and Partitioning via Hypocotyl Tissue Cultures." HortScience 32, no. 3 (1997): 453E—453. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.453e.

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A study was initiated to characterize key enzymes that influence sweetness in carrot (Daucus carota L.) roots. Sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UDPL) genes were isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and cloned in an anti-sense orientation into Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bin19, which has a CaMV 35S promoter. Seedling hypocotyl sections of selected carrot lines were pre-incubated on B5 medium for 2 days, co-cultivated with A. tumefaciens Bin 19 for additional 3 days, and then transferred to a modified B5 medium containing 50 g/mL ka

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Zou, Wenjiao, Kui Liu, Xueping Gao, et al. "Diurnal variation of transitory starch metabolism is regulated by plastid proteins WXR1/WXR3 in Arabidopsis young seedlings." Journal of Experimental Botany 72, no. 8 (2021): 3074–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab056.

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Abstract Transitory starch is the portion of starch that is synthesized during the day in the chloroplast and usually used for plant growth overnight. Here, we report altered metabolism of transitory starch in the wxr1/wxr3 (weak auxin response 1/3) mutants of Arabidopsis. WXR1/WXR3 were previously reported to regulate root growth of young seedlings and affect the auxin response mediated by auxin polar transport in Arabidopsis. In this study the wxr1/wxr3 mutants accumulated transitory starch in cotyledon, young leaf, and hypocotyl at the end of night. WXR1/WXR3 expression showed diurnal varia

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Terry, Marta I., Fernando Pérez-Sanz, Pedro J. Navarro, Julia Weiss, and Marcos Egea-Cortines. "The Snapdragon LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL Plays A Dual Role in Activating Floral Growth and Scent Emission." Cells 8, no. 8 (2019): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8080920.

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The plant circadian clock controls a large number of internal processes, including growth and metabolism. Scent emission displays a circadian pattern in many species such as the snapdragon. Here we show that knocking down LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL in Antirrhinum majus affects growth and scent emission. In order to gain an understanding of the growth kinetics, we took a phenomic approach using in-house artificial vision systems, obtaining time-lapse videos. Wild type flowers showed a higher growth speed than knockdown plants. The maximal growth rate was decreased by 22% in plants with lower LHY

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Hoagland, Robert E., and Clyde Douglas Boyette. "Interaction of Gibberellic Acid and Glyphosate on Growth and Phenolic Metabolism in Soybean Seedlings." Agronomy 14, no. 4 (2024): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040684.

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The plant growth regulator gibberellic acid (GA) and the herbicide glyphosate were examined for their possible interactions with growth and phenolic metabolism in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. Cv. Hill] seedlings. GA caused increases in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity (PAL) (per axis basis) above those of the control seedling levels 48 h after treatment in light-grown seedlings. This effect increased to two-fold greater than control levels by 72 and 96 h after treatment. In dark-grown plants, GA had no effect on PAL levels at 24 h, reduced levels at 48 and 72 h, and increased PAL at 96

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Preuten, Tobias, Tim Hohm, Sven Bergmann, and Christian Fankhauser. "Defining the site of light perception and initiation of phototropism in Arabidopsis." Current Biology : Cb 23, no. 19 (2013): 1934–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.07.079.

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Phototropism is an adaptive response allowing plants to optimize photosynthetic light capture. This is achieved by asymmetric growth between the shaded and lit sides of the stimulated organ. In grass seedlings, the site of phototropin-mediated light perception is distinct from the site of bending; however, in dicotyledonous plants (e.g., Arabidopsis), spatial aspects of perception remain debatable. We use morphological studies and genetics to show that phototropism can occur in the absence of the root, lower hypocotyl, hypocotyl apex, and cotyledons. Tissue-specific expression of the phototrop

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Naeem, Muhammd, Maira Munir, Hongju Li, et al. "Transcriptional Responses of Fusarium graminearum Interacted with Soybean to Cause Root Rot." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 6 (2021): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7060422.

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Fusarium graminearum is the most devastating pathogen of Fusarium head blight of cereals, stalk and ear of maize, and it has recently become a potential threat for soybean as maize-soybean strip relay intercropping is widely practiced in China. To elucidate the pathogenesis mechanism of F. graminearum on intercropped soybean which causes root rot, transcriptional profiling of F. graminearum at 12, 24, and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi) on soybean hypocotyl tissues was conducted. In total, 2313 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of F. graminearum were annotated by both KEGG pathway and Gene Ont

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Díaz Solares, Maykelis, Leticia Fuentes Alfonso, Madyu Matos Trujillo, Ramón Liriano González, Llliet González Sierra, and Yunel Pérez Hernández. "Co-inoculation with a product based on native microorganisms improves germination and seedling growth of Phaseolus vulgaris L." Agronomía Colombiana 39, no. 3 (2021): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n3.91841.

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Agricultural products based on native microorganisms represent an ecological alternative to traditional chemical fertilizers for enhancing growth and crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the product based on native microorganisms IHPLUS® on germination, emergence, and primary leaf formation of Phaseolus vulgaris L. seedlings. The treatments consisted of a control (immersion in distilled water) and nine treatments that were the combination of IHPLUS® at three concentrations and three immersion times. The application of IHPLUS® significantly increased the percentage of germinat

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Liu, Ling, Yuxin Xie, Baba Salifu Yahaya, and Fengkai Wu. "GIGANTEA Unveiled: Exploring Its Diverse Roles and Mechanisms." Genes 15, no. 1 (2024): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15010094.

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GIGANTEA (GI) is a conserved nuclear protein crucial for orchestrating the clock-associated feedback loop in the circadian system by integrating light input, modulating gating mechanisms, and regulating circadian clock resetting. It serves as a core component which transmits blue light signals for circadian rhythm resetting and overseeing floral initiation. Beyond circadian functions, GI influences various aspects of plant development (chlorophyll accumulation, hypocotyl elongation, stomatal opening, and anthocyanin metabolism). GI has also been implicated to play a pivotal role in response to

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Kami, Chitose, Laure Allenbach, Melina Zourelidou, et al. "Reduced phototropism in pks mutants may be due to altered auxin-regulated gene expression or reduced lateral auxin transport." Plant Journal : For Cell and Molecular Biology 77, no. 3 (2013): 393–403. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12395.

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Phototropism allows plants to orient their photosynthetic organs towards the light. In Arabidopsis, phototropins 1 and 2 sense directional blue light such that phot1 triggers phototropism in response to low fluence rates, while both phot1 and phot2 mediate this response under higher light conditions. Phototropism results from asymmetric growth in the hypocotyl elongation zone that depends on an auxin gradient across the embryonic stem. How phototropin activation leads to this growth response is still poorly understood. Members of the phytochrome kinase substrate (PKS) family may act early in t

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Shahidi, Fereidoon, and Abul Hossain. "Importance of Insoluble-Bound Phenolics to the Antioxidant Potential Is Dictated by Source Material." Antioxidants 12, no. 1 (2023): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12010203.

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Insoluble-bound phenolics (IBPs) are extensively found in the cell wall and distributed in various tissues/organs of plants, mainly cereals, legumes, and pulses. In particular, IBPs are mainly distributed in the protective tissues, such as seed coat, pericarp, and hull, and are also available in nutritional tissues, including germ, epicotyl, hypocotyl radicle, and endosperm, among others. IBPs account for 20–60% of the total phenolics in food matrices and can exceed 70% in leaves, flowers, peels, pulps, seeds, and other counterparts of fruits and vegetables, and up to 99% in cereal brans. Thes

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Valkai, Ildikó, Erzsébet Kénesi, Ildikó Domonkos, et al. "The Arabidopsis RLCK VI_A2 Kinase Controls Seedling and Plant Growth in Parallel with Gibberellin." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (2020): 7266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197266.

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The plant-specific receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) form a large, poorly characterized family. Members of the RLCK VI_A class of dicots have a unique characteristic: their activity is regulated by Rho-of-plants (ROP) GTPases. The biological function of one of these kinases was investigated using a T-DNA insertion mutant and RNA interference. Loss of RLCK VI_A2 function resulted in restricted cell expansion and seedling growth. Although these phenotypes could be rescued by exogenous gibberellin, the mutant did not exhibit lower levels of active gibberellins nor decreased gibberellin se

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Macovei, Anca, Bharti Garg, Shailendra Raikwar та ін. "Synergistic Exposure of Rice Seeds to Different Doses ofγ-Ray and Salinity Stress Resulted in Increased Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Gene-Specific Modulation of TC-NER Pathway". BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/676934.

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Recent reports have underlined the potential of gamma (γ)-rays as tools for seed priming, a process used in seed industry to increase seed vigor and to enhance plant tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses. However, the impact ofγ-rays on key aspects of plant metabolism still needs to be carefully evaluated. In the present study, rice seeds were challenged with different doses ofγ-rays and grown in absence/presence of NaCl to assess the impact of these treatments on the early stages of plant life. Enhanced germination efficiency associated with increase in radicle and hypocotyl length was observe

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Peng, Hao, and Michael M. Neff. "CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 and ATAF2 differentially suppress cytochrome P450-mediated brassinosteroid inactivation." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 3 (2019): 970–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz468.

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Abstract Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of steroid hormones regulating plant growth and development. Since BRs do not undergo transport among plant tissues, their metabolism is tightly regulated by transcription factors (TFs) and feedback loops. BAS1 (CYP734A1, formerly CYP72B1) and SOB7 (CYP72C1) are two BR-inactivating cytochrome P450s identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. We previously found that a TF ATAF2 (ANAC081) suppresses BAS1 and SOB7 expression by binding to the Evening Element (EE) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1)-binding site (CBS) on their promoters. Both the EE and CBS

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ZHA, Qian, Xiao Jun XI, Yani HE, and Ai Li JIANG. "Bagging Affecting Sugar and Anthocyanin Metabolism in the Ripening Period of Grape Berries." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 47, no. 4 (2019): 1194–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha47411577.

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Grapevine is one of the most important fruit-bearing plants worldwide, for which bagging treatments can effectively improve fruit quality. However, the low-light conditions caused by bagging can delay grape berry maturation. Here, we analyzed glucose, fructose, and anthocyanin contents and the expression of sugar and anthocyanin-metabolism pathway genes in the grape berries of two cultivars, ‘Shenhua’ and ‘Shenfeng’, under different bagging treatments. Color development was incomplete in bagged grape berries and their soluble sugar contents were lower than those detected in un-bagged fruits. H

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Szablińska-Piernik, Joanna, and Lesław Bernard Lahuta. "Changes in Polar Metabolites during Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development of Pea, Cucumber, and Wheat." Agriculture 13, no. 12 (2023): 2278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13122278.

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Seed-to-seedling transition plays a crucial role in plant vegetation. However, changes in the metabolome of crop seedlings during seed germination and early seedling development are mostly unknown and require a deeper explanation. The present study attempted to compare qualitative and quantitative changes in polar metabolites during the seed germination and early development of seedlings of three different and important crop types: pea, cucumber, and wheat. The application of gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector, as well as gas chromatography coupled with mass spectromet

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Guo, Hongyan, Qiuping Zhong, Feng Tian, Xingjian Zhou, Xinjian Tan, and Zhibin Luo. "Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (Camellia oleifera ‘changlin53’)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (2022): 13021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113021.

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Floral initiation is a major phase change in the spermatophyte, where developmental programs switch from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. It is a key phase of flowering in tea-oil trees that can affect flowering time and yield, but very little is known about the molecular mechanism of floral initiation in tea-oil trees. A 12-year-old Camellia oleifera (cultivar ‘changlin53’) was the source of experimental materials in the current study. Scanning electron microscopy was used to identify the key stage of floral initiation, and transcriptome analysis was used to reveal the transcriptiona

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Coelho, Érica Marusa Pergo, Patrícia Aparecida Galletti, Elizandra Aparecida Britta, Andréia Cristina Peres Rodrigues da Costa, and Valdir Zucareli. "Morphological and Biochemical Study of Bidens pilosa on the Effects of Extract of Urochloa ruziziensis." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 15 (2019): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n15p217.

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Bidens pilosa is an aggressive species that competes with crops and, in addition, has a high capacity to acquire resistance or tolerance to herbicides. Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of Urochloa ruziziensis on germination, development, respiration, antioxidant enzymes and cells morphology of B. pilosa seedlings during initial growth at laboratory.The seeds were sown with water or U. ruziziensis extract at concentrations of 250, 500 and 900 ppm, and after four days the percentage of germinated seeds, root and hypocotyl dev

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Balti, Imen, Jubina Benny, Anna Perrone, et al. "Identification of conserved genes linked to responses to abiotic stresses in leaves among different plant species." Functional Plant Biology 48, no. 1 (2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp20028.

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As a consequence of global climate change, certain stress factors that have a negative impact on crop productivity such as heat, cold, drought and salinity are becoming increasingly prevalent. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify genes conserved across plant species involved in (1) general abiotic stress conditions, and (2) specific and unique abiotic stress factors (drought, salinity, extreme temperature) in leaf tissues. We collected raw data and re-analysed eight RNA-Seq studies using our previously published bioinformatic pipeline. A total of 68 samples were analysed. Gene set enrichme

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Turk, Hulya, Mucip Genisel, and Rahmi Dumlupinar. "The Regulatory Role of Exogenous Carnitine Applications in Lipid Metabolism, Mitochondrial Respiration, and Germination in Maize Seeds (Zea mays L.)." Life 15, no. 4 (2025): 631. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040631.

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The present study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous carnitine treatments on maize seed germination by stimulating lipid metabolism and regulating the mitochondrial respiratory pathway. Maize seeds were grown as control, 5, 7.5, and 10 μM carnitine treatment groups in a germination chamber at 25 °C under dark conditions for 5 d. It was determined that carnitine treatments increased the germination rate (GR), germination index (GI), germination potential (GP), vigor index (VI), root and hypocotyl length, fresh weight (FW), and content of total soluble protein but decreased the total

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Marques, Rosimar Maria, Bruno Reis, Anielen Tormena Cavazin, et al. "Physiological response of sorghum seeds treated with Arsenicum album submitted to low temperature." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 10, no. 36 (2021): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v10i36.506.

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Introduction: Temperature is one of the main environmental factors that act on plants, affecting physiological processes such as germination and vigor, growth, photosynthesis, water and nutrients uptake, among others [1]. When seeds are exposed to temperature stress during imbibition process occur dramatic changes in the reorganization and function of the plasma membrane impairing the stability and functional structure of the membrane resulting in the decrease on germination and embryo death [2][3]. In plant, stress triggers wide response that extends from the change of gene expression and cel

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Lahuta, Lesław B., Ryszard J. Górecki, Joanna Szablińska-Piernik, and Marcin Horbowicz. "Changes in the Carbohydrate Profile in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Seedlings Induced by Cold Stress and Dehydration." Metabolites 13, no. 5 (2023): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13050672.

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Plant species are sensitive to stresses, especially at the seedling stage, and they respond to these conditions by making metabolic changes to counteract the negative effects of this. The objectives of this study were to determine carbohydrate profile in particular organs (roots, hypocotyl, and cotyledons) of common buckwheat seedlings and to verify whether carbohydrate accumulation is similar or not in the organs in response to cold stress and dehydration. Roots, hypocotyl, and cotyledons of common buckwheat seedlings have various saccharide compositions. The highest concentrations of cyclito

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Goyal, Anupama, Bogna Szarzynska, and Christian Fankhauser. "Phototropism: at the crossroads of light-signaling pathways." Trends In Plant Science 18, no. 7 (2013): 393–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2013.03.002.

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Phototropism enables plants to orient growth towards the direction of light and thereby maximizes photosynthesis in low-light environments. In angiosperms, blue-light photoreceptors called phototropins are primarily involved in sensing the direction of light. Phytochromes and cryptochromes (sensing red/far-red and blue light, respectively) also modulate asymmetric hypocotyl growth, leading to phototropism. Interactions between different light-signaling pathways regulating phototropism occur in cryptogams and angiosperms. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying the co-ac

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Hoagland, Robert E. "Acifluorfen Action on Growth and Phenolic Metabolism in Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings." Weed Science 37, no. 6 (1989): 743–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500072775.

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Three-day-old soybean seedlings were treated with acifluorfen via liquid culture [50 μM in dark, 1 μM in light (200 μE·m–2·s–1)]. Root elongation in the dark was inhibited only slightly (6%) after 96 h. In the light, acifluorfen inhibited root elongation after 48 h; after 96 h, inhibition was 32%. Hypocotyl length was not affected in either the light or dark. Soluble hydroxyphenolic content per axis was unaffected in the dark but was reduced by about 13 to 25% at 24 to 96 h in the light. Extractable phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.5) activity per axis was unaltered by herbicide in t

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