Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hyponymy

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Hyponymy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Hyponymy.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Hyponymy"

1

Kusumawardhani, Paramita. "Semantics Analysis of Hyponymy on “Hank and The Horse” Short Story on Youtube." International Journal of English and Applied Linguistics (IJEAL) 1, no. 3 (December 6, 2021): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/ijeal.v1i3.1197.

Full text
Abstract:
This study aimed to know about the use and the most dominant of hyponymy as the semantics features through a story Hank and The Horse. In linguistics, a hyponym is a word or phrase whose semantic field is included within another term, its hypernymy. A hyponym shares a type-of relationship with its hypernymy. Hyponymy is part of semantics, and it is sometimes referred to as meaning inclusion. The research was done by using short stories on YouTube. Technology development has been very significant lately, making it easy for educators to find sources for teaching, learning, and other activities. One of them is a short story. Many short stories on YouTube can be used as the teaching-learning media, depending on the subject that is going to discuss. The method in this research was descriptive qualitative methods in presenting the results. Data were analyzed based on the association with hyponyms by semantic analysis. The study participants were the 5th-semester students of the University of Bina Sarana Informatika. The hyponymy was classified into nouns, pronouns, adverbs, verbs, and adjectives, with a total, were 40 hyponymies. The study's findings were 40 hyponymies found in the short story, then classified into nouns, pronouns, adverbs, verbs, and adjectives. Then they were divided into: (1). 13 nouns; (2). 4 pronouns; (3). 7 adverbs; (4). 12 verb; and (5). 4 adjective and the most dominant is hyponymy in the noun.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Dilay, Iryna. "HYPONYMY OF ENGLISH COGNITIVE VERBS." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 10(78) (February 27, 2020): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-107-110.

Full text
Abstract:
The paper provides the analysis of the hyponymic relations in terms of the onomasiological approach to the lexico-semantic fields and endocentric series. Lexicometric properties of the hyponymic relations of English cognitive verbs are studied based on WordNet Vocabulary Helper heuristic resource. It enables conducting the analysis in the direction from a hyperonym to its hyponyms, which echoes with the reconstruction of the conceptual structure. In this respect, further application and elaboration of the suggested methodology appears topical. Hyponymy of verbs is scarcely studied in linguistics. It has been observed that the nature of verbal hyponymy proves to be different from the nominal one, as verbal hyponymy, or troponymy after C. Fellbaum and G. Miller, is based on the manner of action relation between the lexemes. Thus, it requires special attention and novel methods and sources apart from traditional dictionaries. WordNet as a conceptual thesaurus and a large lexical database has been designed to assist multiple applications involving vocabulary as a system and is well applicable to the study of paradigmatic lexical relations. Among the advantages of the methodology based on WordNet is taking into consideration vast polysemy of the lexical items. It enables tracing narrowing of the categorial cognitive verbal meaning without getting sidetracked. As a result of this study, the ways of endocentric series modelling are suggested, the peculiarities of the verbal hyponymy are defined, the quotient of the hyponymy of English cognitive verbs is calculated, the cases of autohyponymy are identified, as well as the future prospects are delineated.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Rahayu, Kristina Indah Setyo. "A Comparison on Hyponymy and Cultural Symbolism of Six Color Words between Chinese Language and Bahasa Indonesia." Lingua Cultura 8, no. 2 (November 28, 2014): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v8i2.444.

Full text
Abstract:
Color words originate from natural world. In general different languages have similar patterns of color hypernymy. Nevertheless, when it comes to color hyponymy, it is not the case. Specific color hyponyms have emerged because different countries have different cultures. Besides, color words are also rich in cultural symbolism. In other words, same colors in different countries have different cultural symbolisms. This paper analyzed six color words (red, white, yellow, blue, green, and black) between Chinese language and bahasa Indonesia to find similarities and differences both in hyponymy and in culture symbolism.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Zhou, Jiayu, Shi Wang, and Cungen Cao. "Learning Hierarchical Lexical Hyponymy." International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence 4, no. 1 (January 2010): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcini.2010010106.

Full text
Abstract:
Chinese information processing is a critical step toward cognitive linguistic applications like machine translation. Lexical hyponymy relation, which exists in some Eastern languages like Chinese, is a kind of hyponymy that can be directly inferred from the lexical compositions of concepts, and of great importance in ontology learning. However, a key problem is that the lexical hyponymy is so commonsense that it cannot be discovered by any existing acquisition methods. In this paper, we systematically define lexical hyponymy relationship, its linguistic features and propose a computational approach to semi-automatically learn hierarchical lexical hyponymy relations from a large-scale concept set, instead of analyzing lexical structures of concepts. Our novel approach discovered lexical hyponymy relation by examining statistic features in a Common Suffix Tree. The experimental results show that our approach can correctly discover most lexical hyponymy relations in a given large-scale concept set.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ukamaka, EZE, Jacinta, MAMAH, Juliana Ginika, ABOH, Sopuruchi Christian, and ARUAH, Virginus Onyebuchi. "Hyponyms of Insect in Ovoko Lect." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 11, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1106.17.

Full text
Abstract:
Earlier researches have focused on hyponymy in different languages. There appears to be lack of research in the study of hyponyms of insect in a dialect of Igbo. As such, this study examines the hyponyms of insect in Ovoko lect. The objectives of the study are to identity hyponyms of insects in Ovoko lect and classify them based on their superordinate terms or hypernyms. The study employs componential analysis in the analysis of data which were drawn from introspection and confirmed by selected native speakers of Ovoko lect. The study discovers that there are so many hyponyms of insect in the lect under study and all the hyponyms of insect therein are hyponyms in other levels. The study also shows that all the co-hyponyms in every superordinate term, though have their peculiar features, share some features in common which include them under such superordinate term. The researchers, therefore, recommend more study on the topic to help expand the vocabulary of the Igbo language.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Gharagozloo, Neda. "An Overview of Concept Hyponymy in Persian: From Cognitive Perspective." Dhaka University Journal of Linguistics 2, no. 4 (January 18, 2011): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujl.v2i4.6897.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper the author is concerned with the role of cognitive and mental abilities of humans in the formation of hyponymy sense relation at the level of words of Persian language, additionally the importance of the role of developed image schemas in accordance with hyponymy, and also the function of some cognitive and analytical factors in the formation of these image schemas such as construal, consists of perspective (focus point and reference point), profile and scanning are so important to the author. The starting point is the study of the way of the formation of developed image schemas related to hyponymy sense relation. The author's fundamental claim is that the mentioned cognitive and analytical factors have a significant role in the formation of three developed image schemas related to hyponymy, and the mentioned schemas are given different names and they are shown through various figures as well. Next the theory of layered schemas (LST) is provided by analyzing some Persian simple structures including hyponymy. Moreover, we move towards a cognitive inter-lexical semantics in this paper by applying the proposed theory of the author (LST) on Persian linguistic data. For this purpose one example of Persian including hyponymy is analyzed on the basis of (LST). As the last step, the different stages of the formation of hyponymy sense relation between the words of Persian are shown through some cognitive figures to add a kind of consistency and support to the author's proposed program in this paper.Keywords: hyponymy; developed image schemas; cognitive inter-lexical semantics; layered schemas theoryDOI: 10.3329/dujl.v2i4.6897Dhaka University Journal of Linguistics Vol.2(4) August 2009 pp.1-18
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Wen-Li, Ke. "How Can Semantics Work to Help Translation." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 47, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.47.2.06wen.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper attempts to probe into some aspects of semantic studies which may be of help to the understanding, explaining, and solution of some of the problems in translation. In the first part ense and reference, he author states the relationship between sense and reference, and points out that failure to understand this and to make a distinction between them can lead to paradoxes and mistakes in translation. In the second part “Hyponymy,” the author, through examples and diagrams, explains the implication of hyponymy, and proves that a better knowledge of hyponomy is not only important in language acquisition but also quite helpful to the translator. Examples are given to show how the knowledge of hyponymy can be applied to translation. In the third part hanges of meaning, he author discusses how Bloomfield, and Baugh and Cable classified types of changes of meaning, and points out if insufficient attention is paid to the change of meaning, a translator can hardly avoid falling into error in translating. In the fourth part ontext, he author discusses how different scholars treated context in different ways and makes it clear that context is very important in correctly understanding the original text. Without contextual knowledge and information, a translator is sure to make mistakes. Examples are given to show how anomalous or deviant sentences can be understood and translated with the help of context. After discussion of the four aspects, the author comes to the conclusion that for a satisfying translation, it is particularly necessary and helpful for a translator to have some idea of the relationship between semantics and translation and to have some general knowledge of semantics.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Babakr, Salih Abdalla. "Hyponym As A Phenomenon In The Economy of Language." Journal of University of Raparin 7, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 674–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(7).no(4).paper30.

Full text
Abstract:
This research entitled “Hyponym as a phenomenon in the economy of language” deals with this linguistic term. The economy of language is a process that transcends the limits of all linguistic levels, and semantics is one of those levels in which this economic phenomenon is manifested. Hyponymy is one of the semantic relationships in which the phenomenon of linguistic economy occurs. Since it refers to the condensation of several things in one thing, this term (hyponym) has an active presence in all languages, nevertheless, it has special characteristics in each language. The current research implemented the descriptive analytical method, using the Sulaymaniyah dialect as the main source of data. The study comprises an introduction, two sections, results and list of references. As for the first section, which came under the title (Hyponym and its Characteristics), it dealt with several issues, including: Definition of the term (Hyponym), its properties, the benefits and disadvantages of Hyponym. As for the second section which is entitled (Hyponym - Phenomenon in the Economy of Language), several issues were discussed in it: the phenomenon of economy in language, economy in (hyponym), the role of (hyponym) in daily life, and finally analyzing hyponym examples related to language economy.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Karahan, Akartürk. "Codex Cumanicusta Alt Anlamlılık (Hyponymy)." Karadeniz Arastirmalari Merkezi 10, no. 39 (January 1, 2013): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.12787/karam767.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Batyushkina, M. V. "Genus – Species and Whole – Part Relations in Legal Terms." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1050–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1050-1060.

Full text
Abstract:
The research featured the way legal terms express the genus – species relationship (hyperonyms vs. hyponyms) and whole – part relationship (holonyms vs. meronyms / partonyms). The article introduces the basic differences in the relations of these types, as well as terminological variants. The author specified the related research terminology, the specific use of hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms in the formation of a legislative definition, and the intra-text semantic correlation of concepts expressed by these relations. The author also defined the means and ways of expressing hyper-hyponymy and holonymy-meronymy: syntactic, grammatical, punctuation, numbering, graphic, speech markers, etc. The paper describes the main functions of legal hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms: structuring the terminological system of law and the textual space of the law, official legal interpretation, the formation of an interpretation strategy, synonymous correlation, etc. It also mentions nominal (subject-conceptual, attributive) and verbal (procedural, effective) semantics. The research was based on the methods of conceptual, contextual, and comparative analysis of Russian legal texts, their classification and generalization. The research was based on Russian laws, as well as the Dictionary of Legislative Terms and Concepts, compiled by the author from federal laws.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hyponymy"

1

Odoyo, Okal Benard, Florence Indede, and Mohochi Ernest Sangai. "Uchanganuzi wa hiponimia za vitenzi vya Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-220460.

Full text
Abstract:
Hiponimia ni uhusiano wa kifahiwa unaodhihirika baina ya leksimu ya jumla (hipanimu) na mahususi (hiponimu). Kama vile hipanimu mzazi hujumuisha hiponimu baba na mama. Uhusiano huu wa kihiponimia ulidhukuriwa na wanaisimu wa awali kuwa unahusisha leksimu nomino pekee. Hata hivyo, tafiti za hivi punde zinadhihirisha kuwa hiponimia huweza kudhihirika pia miongoni mwa kategoria za vivumishi, vielezi na vitenzi. Ingawa kuna midhihiriko ya hiponimia za vitenzi vya Kiswahili, wataalamu kadha wameelekea kushughulikia hiponimia za nomino na kutotilia maanani vitenzi. Hivyo basi, makala hii imechanganua uhusiano wa kihiponimia unaodhihirika miongoni mwa vitenzi teule vya Kiswahili. Katika kushughulikia suala hili, hipanimu vitenzi 24 kutoka kamusi za Kiswahili zimeteuli¬wa kimakusudi na hiponimu husika kutolewa. Nadharia ya Uchanganuzi Vijenzi kwa mujibu wa Katz na Fodor imezingatiwa katika uchanganuzi wa hiponimia hizi. Katika nadharia hii, sifa bainifu za hiponimu husika huonyeshwa kwa kutumia alama maalum za [+, -]. Data kuhusu hiponimia za vitenzi ilipekuliwa kutoka kamusi za Kiswahili kwa kuzingatia mwelekeo wa kiishara au kisintaksia kwa mujibu wa Hearst, na Snow na wenzake ili kuweza kutambua hipanimu na hiponimu husika katika sentensi. Hiponimia hizi zimechanganuliwa na kuwasilishwa kwa mtindo wa nadharia ya seti
Hyponymy is a sense relation existing between general lexemes (hypernym) and the specific ones (hyponym). For instance, a hypernym parent includes hyponyms like father and mother. The hyponymy relation was regarded by earlier linguists that it could exist only amongst nouns. However, recent studies indicate that hyponymy can also be manifested in other categories such as adjectives, adverbs and verbs. Though there is hyponymy relation existing amongst Kiswahili verbs, various scho¬lars have tended to focus on nominal hyponymy and disregard verbal hyponymy. Therefore, this article has analyzed the hyponymy relation existing amongst selected Kiswahili verbs. In this regard, 24 verbal hypernyms from Kiswahili dictionaries were purposively sampled and their specific hyponyms indicated. Componential Analysis theory by Katz and Fodor has been used in the analysis of these hyponyms. The theory focuses on distinctive features of specific hyponyms that are normally shown by the use of specific signs [+, -]. The data on verbal hyponymy was observed from the Kiswahili dictionaries by the application of symbolic or syntactic approach propounded by Hearst, and Snow et al in order to identify the hypernyms and specific hyponyms in a sentence. These hyponymy relations are analyzed and presented using the set theory style
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

RÊGO, Alex Sandro da Cunha. "Aprendizado automático de relações semânticas entre tags de folksonomias." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2016. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/885.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-05T14:49:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALEX SANDRO DA CUNHA RÊGO - TESE (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 1783053 bytes, checksum: 4ae3b5d42dde739cfd57afaa25fd7e63 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T14:49:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALEX SANDRO DA CUNHA RÊGO - TESE (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 1783053 bytes, checksum: 4ae3b5d42dde739cfd57afaa25fd7e63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
As folksonomias têm despontado como ferramentas úteis de gerenciamento online de conteúdo digital. A exemplo dos populares websites Delicious, Flickr e BibSonomy, diariamente os usuários utilizam esses sistemas para efetuar upload de recursos web (e.g., url, fotos, vídeos e referências bibliográficas) e categorizá-los por meio de tags. A ausência de relações semânticas do tipo sinonímia e hiperonímia/hiponímia no espaço de tags das folksonomias reduz a capacidade do usuário de encontrar recursos relevantes. Para mitigar esse problema, muitos trabalhos de pesquisa se apoiam na aplicação de medidas de similaridade para detecção de sinonímia e construção automática de hierarquias de tags por meio de algoritmos heurísticos. Nesta tese de doutorado, o problema de detecção de sinonímia e hiperonímia/hiponímia entre pares de tags é modelado como um problema de classificação em Aprendizado de Máquina. A partir da literatura, várias medidas de similaridade consideradas boas indicadoras de sinonímia e hiperonímia/hiponímia foram identificadas e empregadas como atributos de aprendizagem. A incidência de um severo desbalanceamento e sobreposição de classes motivou a investigação de técnicas de balanceamento para superar ambos os problemas. Resultados experimentais usando dados reais das folksonomias BibSonomy e Delicious mostraram que a abordagem proposta denominada CPDST supera em termos de acurácia o baseline de melhor desempenho nas tarefas de detecção de sinonímia e hiperonímia/hiponímia. Também, aplicou-se a abordagem CPDST no contexto de geração de listas de tags semanticamente relacionadas, com o intuito de prover acesso a recursos adicionais anotados com outros conceitos pertencentes ao domínio da busca. Além da abordagem CPDST, foram propostos dois algoritmos fundamentados no acesso ao WordNet e ConceptNet para sugestão de listas especializadas com tags sinônimas e hipônimas. O resultado de uma avaliação quantitativa demonstrou que a abordagem CPDST provê listas de tags relevantes em relação às listas providas pelos métodos comparados.
Folksonomies have emerged as useful tools for online management of digital content. Popular websites as Delicious, Flickr and BibSonomy are now widespread with thousands of users using them daily to upload digital content (e.g., webpages, photos, videos and bibliographic information) and tagging for later retrieval. The lack of semantic relations such as synonym and hypernym/hyponym in the tag space may diminish the ability of users in finding relevant resources. Many research works in the literature employ similarity measures to detect synonymy and to build hierarchies of tags automatically by means of heuristic algorithms. In this thesis, the problems of synonym and subsumption detection between pairs of tags are cast as a pairwise classification problem. From the literature, several similarity measures that are good indicators of synonymy and subsumption were identified, which are used as learning features. Under this setting, there is a severe class imbalance and class overlapping which motivated us to investigate and employ class imbalance techniques to overcome these problems. A comprehensive set of experiments were conducted on two large real-world datasets of BibSonomy and Delicious systems, showing that the proposed approach named CPDST outperforms the best performing heuristic-based baseline in the tasks of synonym and subsumption detection. CPDST is also applied in the context of tag list generation for providing access to additional resources annotated with other semantically related tags. Besides CPDST approach, two algorithms based on WordNet and ConceptNet accesses are proposed for capturing specifically synonyms and hyponyms. The outcome of an evaluative quantitative analysis showed that CPDST approach yields relevant tag lists in relation to the produced ones by the compared methods.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Tajarobi, Arman. "La reconnaissance automatique des hyponymes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0026/MQ33760.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Palm, Myllylä Johannes. "Domain Adaptation for Hypernym Discovery via Automatic Collection of Domain-Specific Training Data." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157693.

Full text
Abstract:
Identifying semantic relations in natural language text is an important component of many knowledge extraction systems. This thesis studies the task of hypernym discovery, i.e discovering terms that are related by the hypernymy (is-a) relation. Specifically, this thesis explores how state-of-the-art methods for hypernym discovery perform when applied in specific language domains. In recent times, state-of-the-art methods for hypernym discovery are mostly made up by supervised machine learning models that leverage distributional word representations such as word embeddings. These models require labeled training data in the form of term pairs that are known to be related by hypernymy. Such labeled training data is often not available when working with a specific language domain. This thesis presents experiments with an automatic training data collection algorithm. The algorithm leverages a pre-defined domain-specific vocabulary, and the lexical resource WordNet, to extract training pairs automatically. This thesis contributes by presenting experimental results when attempting to leverage such automatically collected domain-specific training data for the purpose of domain adaptation. Experiments are conducted in two different domains: One domain where there is a large amount of text data, and another domain where there is a much smaller amount of text data. Results show that the automatically collected training data has a positive impact on performance in both domains. The performance boost is most significant in the domain with a large amount of text data, with mean average precision increasing by up to 8 points.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Torell, Elsa. "Rökt vildand från Södermöre penslad med kryddig lök och ingefära : En språklig och visuell analys av White Guide-restaurangers menyer." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Svenska, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-43699.

Full text
Abstract:
Denna uppsats ämnar att undersöka den språkliga och visuella utformningen av White Guide- restaurangers menyer med avsikt att få en djupare förståelse för vissa återkommande drag som kan kopplas till restauranger med denna höga kvalitetsklassificering. Forskningsfrågorna för studien lyder: Vilka visuella skillnader och likheter, när det kommer till typografi, färgsättning, användning av ikoner samt placering av text, finns det mellan de utvalda restaurangernas menyer? Finns det några språkliga skillnader och likheter ifråga om beskrivningar av tillagningsmetod, sensoriska uttryck samt uttryck för ursprung, mellan menyerna? Materialet som analyseras har avgränsats till sex olika menyer tillhörande restauranger inom kategorin mycket god klass i White Guide 2020. Menyerna analyseras dels genom en visuell analys med hjälp av sociosemiotisk teori samt genom en språklig analys som bygger på traditionell lexikal taxonomisk semantik. I den visuella analysen undersöks typografi, färgsättning, ikoner samt textens placering i menyerna och i den språkliga analysen undersöks olika uttryck för tillagningsmetoder, sensoriska uttryck samt uttryck för ursprung i menyernas maträttsbeskrivningar. Resultatet visar att menyer inom denna kategori i White Guide skiljer sig mycket åt både språkligt och visuellt även om vissa likheter har påfunnits. Alla analyserade menyer innehåller ord som betecknar tillagningsmetoder och trots att antalet skiljer sig mycket åt mellan menyerna är tillagningsmetoderna ändå flest till antalet bland samtliga språkliga analyskategorier. Många typsnittsvarianter förekommer i de olika menyerna även om typsnittsantalet inom en meny vanligen är mellan ett till tre. Marginaljusterad eller centrerad text är det absolut vanligaste i menyerna och en stor majoritet av alla menyer har en ljus bakgrund med en mörk text, där få färger och dova färger är vanligast. Att använda ikoner som fotografier eller andra symboler förekommer även om det sker sparsamt.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Ivarsson, Petra. "Traduction de termes textiles français en suédois : - traduction d’un extrait du livre Textiles techniques et fonctionnels, matériaux du XXIe siècle." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46145.

Full text
Abstract:
In this essay, the domains of translation studies and technical textiles are brought together. A section of the French book Textiles techniques et fonctionnels, matériaux du XXIe siècle is translated into Swedish. The different translation procedures are presented, as well as particular difficulties which might occur during the translation process. The study also treats the field of terminology and various relations between terms. All textile terms are extracted from the translated text and a bilingual glossary is created. The essays secondary purpose is to simulate a publication of the book in Sweden and to examine if any adjustments are made to the translated text specifically because of this. During the translation, a large number of borrowed words were found. Both the French and the Swedish text contain several Anglicisms. The Swedish text contains a number of fashion related words which originates from France and the French text contains similar words which are borrowed from Italy. Both France and Italy are important countries within the fashion industry. Several words of German origin were also found in the Swedish text. The names of the synthetic fibers are often derived from the chemical composition of the material and the names are highly standardized in different languages. Translation procedures such as adaptation, transposition, modulation, equivalence and explication are used to adjust the Swedish text, for the purpose of obtaining an idiomatic language. Some reoccurring elements were detected, such as the prefix anti- in French and the suffix  -kläder in Swedish. A few « false friends » and ellipses where also found. When studying the terms, a number of hyponyms and a few antonyms were found, as well as a group of words with temporal relations. Both the Swedish and the French text contains some quasi-synonyms and a few terminology variations. Several cases of eponyms were found, most of them are trademarks of different materials which has developed into generic names (i.e. nylon, lycra, gore-tex). The translated text is a scientific text of denotational character and the translation did not pose any major difficulty. Though it is of great importance that the translator is aware of the different ranges of meaning implied in both the source and the target languages. Three adjustments were made due to the fictitious publication in Sweden ; one generalization of geographical character, one explication of a French textile brand and one cultural adjustment. The most recent Swedish-French textile dictionary we found is the Swedish standard TNC 76, which was latest updated in 1981. By consequence, it does not contain recent textile words such as for example microfiber. A palpable difficulty when translating textile texts is to determine whether a material is a trademark or a generic name. If the material has started a development towards becoming an eponym, it can be difficult to determine if the brand name is referred to, or the material in a more general meaning. Several questions arouse regarding this issue. How do the companies who own trademarks act to protect their brands and is this transformation even possible to prevent? What are the consequences of a genericized trademark? This would be a very interesting subject to investigate further.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Vasconcelos, Manuela Leitão de. "Processamento da correferência em pacientes com afasia de expressão." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8427.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-07-22T11:51:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1246811 bytes, checksum: 4cada73ad2abaf6671beba97954e7973 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-22T11:51:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1246811 bytes, checksum: 4cada73ad2abaf6671beba97954e7973 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-04
The coreference processing is a phenomenon that has been studied internationally. In order to contribute to these national studies, we investigated the coreferential processing from the phenomenon of the Charge Repeated Name Penalty and Informational Charge Hypothesis in patients with aphasia. The overall objective is to analyze the processing of coreference in patients with Broca's aphasia, investigating, specifically if pronouns are processed more readily than names repeated in Brazilian Portuguese in subjects with and without the pathology; and if Superordinate Nominal Phrases are processed more quickly than hyponyms. Two experiments were conducted; and the experimental technique used was automonitoring reading in both experimentos, the independent variable is the type of recovery (pronoun and name repeated the in experiment 01, and Hyponym and hyperonym in the experiment 02) and as dependent variables the reading time of resumption and the accuracy rate to end-of-sentence questions. In experiment 01, the results of the control group were in the direction of what has been found in the literature, about to aphasic patients, the results showed insensitivity to the type of recovery, these data are discussed from a possible deficit in lexicon-semantic integration In experiment 02, once again, the control group follows the direction of what has been found in the literature, and the experimental group was observed that there is not a recovery-type preference. At the end of each phrase a question about it was performed. The subjects were able to answer such questions, indicating the establishment of coreference. We understand, from these data that patients with Broca's aphasia can access the lexical information and establish coreference, but need more time to do it.
O processamento da correferência é um fenômeno que vem sendo estudado internacionalmente. Buscando contribuir com essas estudos no âmbito nacional, investigamos o processamento correferencial a partir do fenômeno da Penalidade do Nome Repetido e Hipótese da Carga Informacional em pacientes com afasia. O objetivo geral do trabalho é analisar o processamento da correferência em pacientes com afasia de Broca, investigando, especificamente, se pronomes são processados mais prontamente do que nomes repetidos em português brasileiro tanto em sujeitos sem patologia, quanto em pacientes com afasia de Broca; e se Sintagmas Nominais (SN) superordenados são processados mais rapidamente do que hipônimos. Foram realizados dois experimentos; em ambos a técnica experimental utilizada foi a leitura automonitorada, sendo a variável independente o tipo de retomada (Pronome e Nome repetido no experimento 01, e Hipônimo e Hiperônimo no experimento 02) e como variáveis dependentes o tempo de leitura da retomada e o índice de acerto às perguntas de final de frase. No experimento 01, os resultados do grupo controle foram na direção do que já foi encontrado na literatura, já em relação aos pacientes afásicos, os resultados mostraram insensibilidade ao tipo de retomada, esses dados são discutidos a partir de um possível déficit na integração léxico-semântica. No experimento 02, mais uma vez, o grupo controle segue a direção do que já foi encontrado na literatura, e para o grupo experimental foi observado que não há uma preferência de tipo de retomada. Ao final de cada frase era realizada uma pergunta sobre a mesma. Os sujeitos conseguiram responder tais questões, indicando o estabelecimento da correferência. Entendemos, a partir desses dados que pacientes com afasia de Broca conseguem acessar a informação lexical e estabelecer a correferência, mas que necessitam de um maior tempo para fazê-lo.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Necşulescu, Silvia. "Automatic acquisition of lexical-semantic relations: gathering information in a dense representation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/374234.

Full text
Abstract:
Lexical-semantic relationships between words are key information for many NLP tasks, which require this knowledge in the form of lexical resources. This thesis addresses the acquisition of lexical-semantic relation instances. State of the art systems rely on word pair representations based on patterns of contexts where two related words co-occur to detect their relation. This approach is hindered by data sparsity: even when mining very large corpora, not every semantically related word pair co-occurs or not frequently enough. In this work, we investigate novel representations to predict if two words hold a lexical-semantic relation. Our intuition was that these representations should contain information about word co-occurrences combined with information about the meaning of words involved in the relation. These two sources of information have to be the basis of a generalization strategy to be able to provide information even for words that do not co-occur.
Les relacions lexicosemàntiques entre paraules són una informació clau per a moltes tasques del PLN, què requereixen aquest coneixement en forma de recursos lingüístics. Aquesta tesi tracta l’adquisició d'instàncies lexicosemàntiques. Els sistemes actuals utilitzen representacions basades en patrons dels contextos en què dues paraules coocorren per detectar la relació que s'hi estableix. Aquest enfocament s'enfronta a problemes de falta d’informació: fins i tot en el cas de treballar amb corpus de grans dimensions, hi haurà parells de paraules relacionades que no coocorreran, o no ho faran amb la freqüència necessària. Per tant, el nostre objectiu principal ha estat proposar noves representacions per predir si dues paraules estableixen una relació lexicosemàntica. La intuïció era que aquestes representacions noves havien de contenir informació sobre patrons dels contextos, combinada amb informació sobre el significat de les paraules implicades en la relació. Aquestes dues fonts d'informació havien de ser la base d'una estratègia de generalització que oferís informació fins i tot quan les dues paraules no coocorrien.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Chen, Shih Wen, and 陳世文. "A study of exploring the discourses and teachers and students’ semantic comprehension of the hyponymy-meronymy relations in science textbooks." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50963519871775814904.

Full text
Abstract:
博士
國立臺灣師範大學
科學教育研究所
95
The functions of science textbooks are not only to introduce the definitions of science concepts, but also to explain the relations between concepts for students. Hyponymy and meronymy(H-M) are two main semantic relations that usually embedded in the discourses of science textbooks. The purposes of this study were to explore the discourses semantics which embodied the H-M relations in science textbooks, and teachers and students’ comprehension of the H-M discourses semantically. The theme of “composition and category of matter” in secondary science textbooks was excerpted and analyzed by the STAR program to understand the discourses which described H-M relations. A total of 150 participants which included 65 8th and 78 11th grade students and 7 secondary school science teachers were asked to read the treatment text which excerpted from the topic of “matter and atom”. They were then asked to fill out a questionnaire which designed by the Repertory Grid Technique(RGT) for exploring their differentiations of H-M relations and the comprehension of H-M discourse semantically. The results showed that the H-M discourses in science textbooks were diverse. These discourses could be sorted into seven semantic modes: decomposition, composition, identification, subsumption, enumeration, categorization, and symbolization. They also could be represented into different lexicon roles: process, relator, modifier and process-modifier in SFL to embody H-M relations. Additionally, some discourses showed the H-M relations indefinitely were called “implicit discourse”, but some indicated the H-M relations clearly were called “explicit discourses”. Teachers and students had high consensus on hyponymy relation. They could definitely distinguish the semantic differences the differences of semantics between hyponymy and meronymy. They could also understand that the meronymy implied a blending meaning. Teachers, however, could classify meronymy into blend and bond meronymy, the mono-blend and multi-blend meronymy even better than students did. Furthermore, teachers and students argued that [is, is a kind of] and [composite, comprise] were proper to represent the H-M relations, and [mix] and [combine] were proper for blend and bond meronymy. They also suggested that some lexicons, such as [include, contain, have, divide into, divide as, is a part of], represented H-M relations ambiguously, which meant they were not the ideal discourses to indicate these two relations. Finally, these results could recommend that science teachers and science textbooks editors pay attention to the issue of H-M discourses in science textbooks, and to think how to deploy these discourses to definitely represent the H-M relations for facilitating students’ comprehension semantically.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lin, Hong-ming, and 林鴻銘. "Hypernyms and Hyponyms in Discourse." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60892710246040285286.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
國立中正大學
語言所
94
In Mandarin Chinese discourse, hypernyms and hyponyms (e.g. flowers and roses) display two different distribution patterns. One is "hyponym…hypernym," such as "yi duo meiguihua…zhe duo meili de hua" (a rose…this beautiful flower). The other is "hypernym…hyponym," such as "hen duo zhong hua…liru meiguihua han baihehua' (many kinds of flowers…for example roses and lilies). This thesis aims to study two major issues regarding the aforementioned patterns with a cognitive approach. In the first pattern, the hypernym frequently co-occurs with demonstratives, measure words, and adjectives in the demonstrative noun phrases. This motivates us to further investigate our first major issue, which is how these different elements in the demonstrative NP interact with discourse. First , for the relation between demonstratives (e.g. zhe, na) and discourse, we argue that the use of demonstratives involve the concept of referential domain. Zhe indicates that the speaker thinks he and the referent are both in the same referential domain, whereas na indicates both aren't in the same domain. Therefore, different demonstratives cognitively reflect speakers’ different perspectives toward the referents and consequently lead to different discourse meanings. Second, for measure words (e.g. duo, zhong) and discourse, we argue that different kinds of measure words not only convey different messages, but also cognitively reflect how things are measured from speakers various perspectives. This directly influences the meaning of discourse. Third, for adjectives and discourse, we argue that the adjective in the demonstrative NP functions as explanation, comparison, encapsulation, correspondence, and direction. These functions are closely related to the coherence of discourse. Last, for hypernyms and discourse, we show how different hypernyms cognitively and pragmatically affect the interpretation of discourse. Our second major issue is to contrast two patterns in three aspects—discourse function, cognitive motivation and implication for discourse comprehension. For the first aspect, we argue that the "hyponym…hypernym" pattern has the discourse functions of encapsulation and categorization, whereas the "hypernym…hyponym" pattern functions as instantiation and clarification. To account for the last two aspects, we apply cognitive concepts such as "zoom in," "zoom out," and "part-whole relation."
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Hyponymy"

1

1960-, Saint-Germain Jean, Fontaine Jean 1965-, and Druide informatique inc, eds. Le Grand Druide des synonymes: Dictionnaire des synonymes et hyponymes. Montréal: Québec Amérique, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

1960-, St-Germain Jean, Fontaine Jean 1965-, and Druide informatique inc, eds. Le petit Druide des synonymes et des antonymes: Dictionnaire des synonymes, antonymes et hyponymes. 2nd ed. Montréal: Québec Amérique, 2007.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Tardif, Geneviève. Le grand druide des synonymes : dictionnaire des synonymes et hyponymes: 600 000 synonymes, 33 000 entrées. Montréal: Québec Amérique, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ye, Zhengdao, ed. The Semantics of Nouns. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736721.001.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
This volume represents state-of-the-art research on the semantics of nouns. It offers detailed and systematic analyses of scores of individual nouns across many different conceptual domains—‘people’, ‘beings’, ‘creatures’, ‘places’, ‘things’, ‘living things’, and ‘parts of the body and parts of the person’. A range of languages, both familiar and unfamiliar, is examined. These include Australian Aboriginal languages (Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara), (Mandarin) Chinese, Danish, English, French, German, Koromu (a Papuan language), Russian, Polish, and Solega (a Dravidian language). Each rigorous and descriptively rich analysis is fully grounded in a unified methodological framework consistently employed throughout the volume, and each chapter not only relates to central theoretical issues specific to the semantic analysis of the domain in question, but also empirically investigates the different types of meaning relations holding between nouns, such as meronymy, hyponymy, taxonomy, and antonymy. This is the first time that the semantics of typical nouns has been studied in such breadth and depth, and in such a systematic and coherent manner. The collection of studies shows how in-depth meaning analysis anchored in a cross-linguistic and cross-domain perspective can lead to extraordinary and unexpected insights into the common and particular ways in which speakers of different languages conceptualize, categorize, and order the world around them. This unique volume brings together a new generation of semanticists from across the globe, and will be of interest to researchers in linguistics, psychology, anthropology, biology, and philosophy.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Goddard, Cliff. Furniture, vegetables, weapons. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736721.003.0010.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter deals with the semantic structure of functional collective superordinates, concentrating on three formally distinguishable classes. These can be termed ‘singular only’ (mass), e.g. furniture, cutlery; ‘plural mostly’, e.g. vegetables, cosmetics; and ‘countable’, e.g. weapons, vehicles. The chapter begins with a semantic overview, then moves to a selective review of the psycholinguistic and other cognitive science literature on superordinates. It is argued that much of this literature is flawed by the ‘All Superordinates are Taxonomic’ Fallacy. The study then presents semantic templates and explications for a sample of words from the three different formal classes just mentioned, in the process differentiating a number of semantic subclasses. A novel proposal is that the semantic structure of functional collective superordinates includes one or more hyponymic exemplars. This proposal and other semantic issues are reprised and discussed before some concluding remarks are offered.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Hyponymy"

1

Cruse, D. Alan. "Hyponymy and Its Varieties." In The Semantics of Relationships, 3–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0073-3_1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Liu, Lei, Sen Zhang, Lu Hong Diao, Shu Ying Yan, and Cun Gen Cao. "Using Concept Space to Verify Hyponymy in Building a Hyponymy Lexicon." In Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence, 479–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05253-8_53.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Mou, Lili, Ge Li, Zhi Jin, and Lu Zhang. "Verification Based on Hyponymy Hierarchical Characteristics for Web-Based Hyponymy Discovery." In Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management, 81–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12096-6_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Taba, Leonardo Sameshima, and Helena de Medeiros Caseli. "Automatic Hyponymy Identification from Brazilian Portuguese Texts." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 186–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28885-2_21.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Gaby, Alice. "Hyponymy and the structure of Kuuk Thaayorre kinship*." In Culture and Language Use, 159–78. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/clu.18.08gab.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Kitayama, Daisuke, and Takuma Matsumoto. "Integration Method for Complex Queries Based on Hyponymy Relations." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 359–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22852-5_31.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Brunzel, Marko, and Myra Spiliopoulou. "Discovering Multi Terms and Co-hyponymy from XHTML Documents with XTREEM." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 22–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11730262_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Liu, Lei, Sen Zhang, Lu Hong Diao, Shu Ying Yan, and Cun Gen Cao. "A Verification Method of Hyponymy between Chinese Terms Based on Concept Space." In Active Media Technology, 160–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04875-3_20.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Liu, Lei, and Lu Hong Diao. "A Spatial Structure Analysis of Candidate Chinese Hyponymy Based on Concept Space." In Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence, 184–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33478-8_24.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Qiu, Lirong, Yu Weng, Xiaobing Zhao, and Xiaoyu Qiu. "Extracting Hyponymy Patterns in Tibetan Language to Enrich Minority Languages Knowledge Base." In Web Information Systems and Mining, 95–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23982-3_13.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Hyponymy"

1

Lewis, Martha. "Compositional Hyponymy with Positive Operators." In Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing. Incoma Ltd., Shoumen, Bulgaria, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-056-4_075.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Tian, Fang, and Fuji Ren. "Hyponymy acquisition from Chinese text by SVM." In 2009 International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering (NLP-KE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2009.5313833.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Rydin, Sara. "Building a hyponymy lexicon with hierarchical structure." In the ACL-02 workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1118627.1118631.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Mandhani, Bhushan, and Stephen Soderland. "Exploiting Hyponymy in Extracting Relations and Enhancing Ontologies." In 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiiat.2008.314.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Zhang, Chun-Xia, Cun-Gen Cao, Lei Liu, Zhen-Dong Niu, and Jun-Hong Lin. "Extracting Hyponymy Relations from Domain-Specific Free Texts." In 2007 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2007.4370728.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Li, Junfeng, Xueqiang Lv, and Kehui Liu. "Extracting Hyponymy of Ontology Concepts from Patent Documents." In 2014 Tenth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security (CIS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cis.2014.10.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Oh, Jong-Hoon, Kiyotaka Uchimoto, and Kentaro Torisawa. "Bilingual co-training for monolingual hyponymy-relation acquisition." In the Joint Conference of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th International Joint Conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1687878.1687940.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Bhatia, Jaspreet, Morgan C. Evans, Sudarshan Wadkar, and Travis D. Breaux. "Automated Extraction of Regulated Information Types Using Hyponymy Relations." In 2016 IEEE 24th International Requirements Engineering Conference Workshops (REW). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rew.2016.018.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Jia-yu Zhou, Yan Pu, and Jing-jing Li. "Mining lexical hyponymy relations from large-scale concept set." In 2008 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2008.4620418.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Gunawan and Erick Pranata. "Acquisition of Hypernymy-Hyponymy Relation between Nouns for WordNet Building." In 2010 International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ialp.2010.70.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Hyponymy' for particular source types:
Journal articles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography