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Journal articles on the topic 'Hyponymy'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Kusumawardhani, Paramita. "Semantics Analysis of Hyponymy on “Hank and The Horse” Short Story on Youtube." International Journal of English and Applied Linguistics (IJEAL) 1, no. 3 (December 6, 2021): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/ijeal.v1i3.1197.

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This study aimed to know about the use and the most dominant of hyponymy as the semantics features through a story Hank and The Horse. In linguistics, a hyponym is a word or phrase whose semantic field is included within another term, its hypernymy. A hyponym shares a type-of relationship with its hypernymy. Hyponymy is part of semantics, and it is sometimes referred to as meaning inclusion. The research was done by using short stories on YouTube. Technology development has been very significant lately, making it easy for educators to find sources for teaching, learning, and other activities. One of them is a short story. Many short stories on YouTube can be used as the teaching-learning media, depending on the subject that is going to discuss. The method in this research was descriptive qualitative methods in presenting the results. Data were analyzed based on the association with hyponyms by semantic analysis. The study participants were the 5th-semester students of the University of Bina Sarana Informatika. The hyponymy was classified into nouns, pronouns, adverbs, verbs, and adjectives, with a total, were 40 hyponymies. The study's findings were 40 hyponymies found in the short story, then classified into nouns, pronouns, adverbs, verbs, and adjectives. Then they were divided into: (1). 13 nouns; (2). 4 pronouns; (3). 7 adverbs; (4). 12 verb; and (5). 4 adjective and the most dominant is hyponymy in the noun.
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2

Dilay, Iryna. "HYPONYMY OF ENGLISH COGNITIVE VERBS." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 10(78) (February 27, 2020): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-107-110.

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The paper provides the analysis of the hyponymic relations in terms of the onomasiological approach to the lexico-semantic fields and endocentric series. Lexicometric properties of the hyponymic relations of English cognitive verbs are studied based on WordNet Vocabulary Helper heuristic resource. It enables conducting the analysis in the direction from a hyperonym to its hyponyms, which echoes with the reconstruction of the conceptual structure. In this respect, further application and elaboration of the suggested methodology appears topical. Hyponymy of verbs is scarcely studied in linguistics. It has been observed that the nature of verbal hyponymy proves to be different from the nominal one, as verbal hyponymy, or troponymy after C. Fellbaum and G. Miller, is based on the manner of action relation between the lexemes. Thus, it requires special attention and novel methods and sources apart from traditional dictionaries. WordNet as a conceptual thesaurus and a large lexical database has been designed to assist multiple applications involving vocabulary as a system and is well applicable to the study of paradigmatic lexical relations. Among the advantages of the methodology based on WordNet is taking into consideration vast polysemy of the lexical items. It enables tracing narrowing of the categorial cognitive verbal meaning without getting sidetracked. As a result of this study, the ways of endocentric series modelling are suggested, the peculiarities of the verbal hyponymy are defined, the quotient of the hyponymy of English cognitive verbs is calculated, the cases of autohyponymy are identified, as well as the future prospects are delineated.
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Rahayu, Kristina Indah Setyo. "A Comparison on Hyponymy and Cultural Symbolism of Six Color Words between Chinese Language and Bahasa Indonesia." Lingua Cultura 8, no. 2 (November 28, 2014): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v8i2.444.

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Color words originate from natural world. In general different languages have similar patterns of color hypernymy. Nevertheless, when it comes to color hyponymy, it is not the case. Specific color hyponyms have emerged because different countries have different cultures. Besides, color words are also rich in cultural symbolism. In other words, same colors in different countries have different cultural symbolisms. This paper analyzed six color words (red, white, yellow, blue, green, and black) between Chinese language and bahasa Indonesia to find similarities and differences both in hyponymy and in culture symbolism.
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Zhou, Jiayu, Shi Wang, and Cungen Cao. "Learning Hierarchical Lexical Hyponymy." International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence 4, no. 1 (January 2010): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcini.2010010106.

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Chinese information processing is a critical step toward cognitive linguistic applications like machine translation. Lexical hyponymy relation, which exists in some Eastern languages like Chinese, is a kind of hyponymy that can be directly inferred from the lexical compositions of concepts, and of great importance in ontology learning. However, a key problem is that the lexical hyponymy is so commonsense that it cannot be discovered by any existing acquisition methods. In this paper, we systematically define lexical hyponymy relationship, its linguistic features and propose a computational approach to semi-automatically learn hierarchical lexical hyponymy relations from a large-scale concept set, instead of analyzing lexical structures of concepts. Our novel approach discovered lexical hyponymy relation by examining statistic features in a Common Suffix Tree. The experimental results show that our approach can correctly discover most lexical hyponymy relations in a given large-scale concept set.
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5

Ukamaka, EZE, Jacinta, MAMAH, Juliana Ginika, ABOH, Sopuruchi Christian, and ARUAH, Virginus Onyebuchi. "Hyponyms of Insect in Ovoko Lect." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 11, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1106.17.

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Earlier researches have focused on hyponymy in different languages. There appears to be lack of research in the study of hyponyms of insect in a dialect of Igbo. As such, this study examines the hyponyms of insect in Ovoko lect. The objectives of the study are to identity hyponyms of insects in Ovoko lect and classify them based on their superordinate terms or hypernyms. The study employs componential analysis in the analysis of data which were drawn from introspection and confirmed by selected native speakers of Ovoko lect. The study discovers that there are so many hyponyms of insect in the lect under study and all the hyponyms of insect therein are hyponyms in other levels. The study also shows that all the co-hyponyms in every superordinate term, though have their peculiar features, share some features in common which include them under such superordinate term. The researchers, therefore, recommend more study on the topic to help expand the vocabulary of the Igbo language.
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Gharagozloo, Neda. "An Overview of Concept Hyponymy in Persian: From Cognitive Perspective." Dhaka University Journal of Linguistics 2, no. 4 (January 18, 2011): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujl.v2i4.6897.

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In this paper the author is concerned with the role of cognitive and mental abilities of humans in the formation of hyponymy sense relation at the level of words of Persian language, additionally the importance of the role of developed image schemas in accordance with hyponymy, and also the function of some cognitive and analytical factors in the formation of these image schemas such as construal, consists of perspective (focus point and reference point), profile and scanning are so important to the author. The starting point is the study of the way of the formation of developed image schemas related to hyponymy sense relation. The author's fundamental claim is that the mentioned cognitive and analytical factors have a significant role in the formation of three developed image schemas related to hyponymy, and the mentioned schemas are given different names and they are shown through various figures as well. Next the theory of layered schemas (LST) is provided by analyzing some Persian simple structures including hyponymy. Moreover, we move towards a cognitive inter-lexical semantics in this paper by applying the proposed theory of the author (LST) on Persian linguistic data. For this purpose one example of Persian including hyponymy is analyzed on the basis of (LST). As the last step, the different stages of the formation of hyponymy sense relation between the words of Persian are shown through some cognitive figures to add a kind of consistency and support to the author's proposed program in this paper.Keywords: hyponymy; developed image schemas; cognitive inter-lexical semantics; layered schemas theoryDOI: 10.3329/dujl.v2i4.6897Dhaka University Journal of Linguistics Vol.2(4) August 2009 pp.1-18
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7

Wen-Li, Ke. "How Can Semantics Work to Help Translation." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 47, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.47.2.06wen.

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This paper attempts to probe into some aspects of semantic studies which may be of help to the understanding, explaining, and solution of some of the problems in translation. In the first part ense and reference, he author states the relationship between sense and reference, and points out that failure to understand this and to make a distinction between them can lead to paradoxes and mistakes in translation. In the second part “Hyponymy,” the author, through examples and diagrams, explains the implication of hyponymy, and proves that a better knowledge of hyponomy is not only important in language acquisition but also quite helpful to the translator. Examples are given to show how the knowledge of hyponymy can be applied to translation. In the third part hanges of meaning, he author discusses how Bloomfield, and Baugh and Cable classified types of changes of meaning, and points out if insufficient attention is paid to the change of meaning, a translator can hardly avoid falling into error in translating. In the fourth part ontext, he author discusses how different scholars treated context in different ways and makes it clear that context is very important in correctly understanding the original text. Without contextual knowledge and information, a translator is sure to make mistakes. Examples are given to show how anomalous or deviant sentences can be understood and translated with the help of context. After discussion of the four aspects, the author comes to the conclusion that for a satisfying translation, it is particularly necessary and helpful for a translator to have some idea of the relationship between semantics and translation and to have some general knowledge of semantics.
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8

Babakr, Salih Abdalla. "Hyponym As A Phenomenon In The Economy of Language." Journal of University of Raparin 7, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 674–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(7).no(4).paper30.

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This research entitled “Hyponym as a phenomenon in the economy of language” deals with this linguistic term. The economy of language is a process that transcends the limits of all linguistic levels, and semantics is one of those levels in which this economic phenomenon is manifested. Hyponymy is one of the semantic relationships in which the phenomenon of linguistic economy occurs. Since it refers to the condensation of several things in one thing, this term (hyponym) has an active presence in all languages, nevertheless, it has special characteristics in each language. The current research implemented the descriptive analytical method, using the Sulaymaniyah dialect as the main source of data. The study comprises an introduction, two sections, results and list of references. As for the first section, which came under the title (Hyponym and its Characteristics), it dealt with several issues, including: Definition of the term (Hyponym), its properties, the benefits and disadvantages of Hyponym. As for the second section which is entitled (Hyponym - Phenomenon in the Economy of Language), several issues were discussed in it: the phenomenon of economy in language, economy in (hyponym), the role of (hyponym) in daily life, and finally analyzing hyponym examples related to language economy.
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9

Karahan, Akartürk. "Codex Cumanicusta Alt Anlamlılık (Hyponymy)." Karadeniz Arastirmalari Merkezi 10, no. 39 (January 1, 2013): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.12787/karam767.

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10

Batyushkina, M. V. "Genus – Species and Whole – Part Relations in Legal Terms." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1050–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1050-1060.

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The research featured the way legal terms express the genus – species relationship (hyperonyms vs. hyponyms) and whole – part relationship (holonyms vs. meronyms / partonyms). The article introduces the basic differences in the relations of these types, as well as terminological variants. The author specified the related research terminology, the specific use of hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms in the formation of a legislative definition, and the intra-text semantic correlation of concepts expressed by these relations. The author also defined the means and ways of expressing hyper-hyponymy and holonymy-meronymy: syntactic, grammatical, punctuation, numbering, graphic, speech markers, etc. The paper describes the main functions of legal hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms: structuring the terminological system of law and the textual space of the law, official legal interpretation, the formation of an interpretation strategy, synonymous correlation, etc. It also mentions nominal (subject-conceptual, attributive) and verbal (procedural, effective) semantics. The research was based on the methods of conceptual, contextual, and comparative analysis of Russian legal texts, their classification and generalization. The research was based on Russian laws, as well as the Dictionary of Legislative Terms and Concepts, compiled by the author from federal laws.
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Batyushkina, M. V. "Genus – Species and Whole – Part Relations in Legal Terms." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1050–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1050-1060.

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The research featured the way legal terms express the genus – species relationship (hyperonyms vs. hyponyms) and whole – part relationship (holonyms vs. meronyms / partonyms). The article introduces the basic differences in the relations of these types, as well as terminological variants. The author specified the related research terminology, the specific use of hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms in the formation of a legislative definition, and the intra-text semantic correlation of concepts expressed by these relations. The author also defined the means and ways of expressing hyper-hyponymy and holonymy-meronymy: syntactic, grammatical, punctuation, numbering, graphic, speech markers, etc. The paper describes the main functions of legal hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms: structuring the terminological system of law and the textual space of the law, official legal interpretation, the formation of an interpretation strategy, synonymous correlation, etc. It also mentions nominal (subject-conceptual, attributive) and verbal (procedural, effective) semantics. The research was based on the methods of conceptual, contextual, and comparative analysis of Russian legal texts, their classification and generalization. The research was based on Russian laws, as well as the Dictionary of Legislative Terms and Concepts, compiled by the author from federal laws.
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12

Bankova, Dea, Bob Coecke, Martha Lewis, and Dan Marsden. "Graded hyponymy for compositional distributional semantics." Journal of Language Modelling 6, no. 2 (March 6, 2019): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.15398/jlm.v6i2.230.

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13

Otaxonovna, Masharipova Nargiza. "Lexical-Semantic Features Of Hyponymy In The Short Stories “The Voyage” And “Dunyoning Ishlari”( Deeds Of The World)." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 2, no. 09 (September 30, 2020): 606–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue09-92.

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This article focuses on the semantic category hyponymy which is a word or phrase whose semantic field is included within that of another word, its hyperonym or hypernym or more shortly it is a term used to designate a particular member of a broader class in linguistics and lexicography. And current research is aimed at discovering the types of hyponymy category and their comparison in short stories “The Voyage” (in English) and “Deeds of the world” (in Uzbek).
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14

Ruus, Hanne. "General Purpose Semantics: Hyponymy and Generic Relationships." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 11, no. 1-2 (June 1988): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500001773.

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The paper examines the concept of semantic subordination in terminology and lexical semantics. Although the two traditions differ in their view of language, their inventories of semantic relations are very similar. It is shown that the defining characteristics of the generic relationships from the principles of terminology correspond to most of the salient features of contrast sets. It is argued that the onomasiological dictionaries constitute a valuable collection of data on the semantic relationships in the general language. Examples are given fromDansk Begrebsordbog. It is claimed that the registration of contrast sets is one step towards an operational definition of word sense.
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SHINZATO, KEIJI, and KENTARO TORISAWA. "Automatic acquisition of hyponymy relations from HTML documents." Journal of Natural Language Processing 12, no. 1 (2005): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.12.125.

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Sumida, Asuka, Naoki Yoshinaga, and Kentaro Torisawa. "Hyponymy Relation Acquisition from Hierarchical Layouts in Wikipedia." Journal of Natural Language Processing 16, no. 3 (2009): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.16.3_3.

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17

WANG, Sheng, Xing-hua FAN, and Xian-lin CHEN. "Chinese short text classification based on hyponymy relation." Journal of Computer Applications 30, no. 3 (April 1, 2010): 603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1087.2010.00603.

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Mtintsilana, Priscilla N. "Polysemy, homonymy and hyponymy in Xhosa bilingual dictionaries." South African Journal of African Languages 10, no. 2 (January 1990): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1990.10586835.

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19

Kurzon, Dennis. "The maxim of quantity, hyponymy and Princess Diana." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 6, no. 2 (June 1, 1996): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.6.2.02kur.

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Wang, Yintang, Tao Peng, and Wanli Zuo. "Hyponymy Graph Model for Word Semantic Similarity Measurement." Chinese Journal of Electronics 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cje.2015.01.016.

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Rudnicka, Ewa Katarzyna, Wojciech Witkowski, and Michał Kaliński. "Towards the Methodology for Extending Princeton WordNet." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 15 (December 31, 2015): 335–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2015.023.

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Towards the Methodology for Extending Princeton WordNetThe paper presents the methodology and results of the first, pilot stage of the extension of Princeton WordNet, a huge electronic English language thesaurus and lexico-semantic network based on synsets, ie. sets of synonymous lexical units, or lemma sense pairs. The necessity for such extension arose in the course of mapping plWordNet (Polish WordNet — Słowosieć) onto Princeton WordNet, which produced a large number of inter-lingual hyponymy links signalling differences in the structure and lexical coverage of the two networks. The proposed strategy uses I-hyponymy links as pointers to presumed gaps in the lexical coverage of PrincetonWordNet and offers strategies of filling them in with new lexical units and synsets.
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Orna-Montesinos, Concepción. "Words and patterns: lexico-grammatical patterns and semantic relations in domain-specific discourses." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 24 (November 15, 2011): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2011.24.09.

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The underlying assumption of this study is the understanding of a specialized term as a summary of disciplinary knowledge, formalized at a textual level in the contextual relations which structure disciplinary lexical knowledge and are therefore essential for the successful interpretation of a text. With that aim this paper carries the analysis of the lexico-grammatical patterns which signal the hyponymy and meronymy relations of the term building, a key disciplinary concept in a corpus of construction engineering textbooks, using the WordNet database for reference. The linguistic analysis of the repertoire of lexico-grammatical patterns employed brings to the fore the dual role of hyponymy and meronymy as both semantic and metalinguistic discourse-organizing lexical resources, key in the rhetorical organization of the discourse of this discipline.
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Muhyidin, Asep. "REITERASI DALAM PRIANGAN SI JELITA DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMP." LEKSEMA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ljbs.v3i1.1110.

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This research studied the use of reiteration in che ollection of poems Priangan Si Jelita. The object of this research is reiteration which consist of repetition, synonymy, metonymy, and hyponymy. This research used both theoretical and methodological approaches. The former was discourse analysis whereas the latter was qualitative-descriptive approach. The result of analysis shows that the strength and beauty of the forms and meanings of the poems in Priangan Si Jelita are mostly built by the lexical cohesive elements within, particularly reiteration covering repetition, synonymy, metonymy, and hyponymy. The most dominant reiteration in the poems is repetition. This research has an implication toward Indonesian language learning for class IX students of junior high school in the material of paraphrasing poems in accordance with the structure and principles of texts in written form
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Ketteler, Daniel, Anastasia Theodoridou, Simon Ketteler, and Matthias Jäger. "High Order Linguistic Features Such as Ambiguity Processing as Relevant Diagnostic Markers for Schizophrenia." Schizophrenia Research and Treatment 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/825050.

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Due to the deficits of schizophrenic patients regarding the understanding of vague meanings (D. Ketteler and S. Ketteler (2010)) we develop a special test battery called HOLF (high order linguistic function test), which should be able to detect subtle linguistic performance deficits in schizophrenic patients. HOLF was presented to 40 schizophrenic patients and controls, focussing on linguistic features such as ambiguity, synonymy, hypero-/hyponymy, antinomy, and adages. Using the HOLF test battery we found that schizophrenic patients showed significant difficulties in discriminating ambiguities, hypero- and hyponymy, or synonymy compared to healthy controls. Antonyms and adages showed less significant results in comparing both groups. The more difficult a linguistic task was, the more confusion was measured in the schizophrenic group while healthy controls did not show significant problems in processing high order language tasks.
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Erdeljac, Vlasta, and Martina Sekulić Sović. "Role of imageability in lexical–semantic hypernymy/hyponymy processing." Suvremena lingvistika 44, no. 85 (July 20, 2018): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22210/suvlin.2018.085.02.

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Kosovych, О. "Hyperonymy / hyponymy in the lexical and semantic structure of language." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 40, no. 2 (2019): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2019.40.2.11.

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Ma, Xiaojun, Jianyi Guo, Zhengtao Yu, Cunli Mao, Yantuan Xian, and Wei Chen. "Extracting hyponymy of domain entity using Cascaded Conditional Random Fields." Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 27, no. 3 (July 2017): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1054661817030208.

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Cai, Yuanyuan, Shirui Pan, Ximeng Wang, Hongshu Chen, Xiaoyan Cai, and Min Zuo. "Measuring distance-based semantic similarity using meronymy and hyponymy relations." Neural Computing and Applications 32, no. 8 (October 16, 2018): 3521–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00521-018-3766-9.

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Mikołajczak-Matyja, Nawoja Mikołajczak-Matyja. "Kohiponimia jako relacja z pogranicza kategorii opozycji semantycznej. Perspektywa użytkownika języka polskiego: badanie psycholingwistyczne." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza 25, no. 1 (August 28, 2018): 111–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsj.2018.25.1.7.

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The paper considers the relation of semantic opposition in terms of the prototype theory of concepts. Its purpose is to provide information on peripheral or border areas of the category of semantic opposition. Data from linguistic analyzes, as well as the results of contemporary corpus studies, indicate that pairs of co-hyponyms from multi-element sets are potentially relevant material in peripheral areas of the category of semantic opposition. A psycholinguistic study was conducted to verify the psychological reality of the data. 720 Polish language users were instructed to provide semantic oppositions to the list of 24 stimuli words (test of directed associations). The research material was Polish nouns belonging to 3 lexical fields: animals, plants and artifacts, with no obvious semantic oppositions (as bee, cabbage, vase). It turned out that, according to the hypothesis, proportions of reactions classified as co-hyponyms of stimuli are high: for 21 stimuli it was 52–94% of the response corpora and for 22 stimuli the dominant reaction was co-hyponym of the stimulus word (as cabbage-lettuce, bee-wasp, vase-flowerpot). The characteristics that determine the choice of a given co-hyponym as the semantic opposite of the stimulus were identified. The remainder of the response corpus was analyzed in order to reveal other ways and mechanisms for seeking the semantic opposition by respondents. The data obtained in the presented study confirm the necessity to incorporate the problem of co-hyponymic pairs from multi-element sets into reflections on the category of the semantic opposition.
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Cheng, Yunru, Jianyi Guo, Yantuan Xian, Zhengtao Yu, Wei Chen, and Qiyue Yang. "A hybrid method for entity hyponymy acquisition in Chinese complex sentences." Automatic Control and Computer Sciences 50, no. 5 (September 2016): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0146411616050035.

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Sahin, Gurkan. "Extraction of Hyponymy, Meronymy and Antonymy Relation Pairs : A Brief Survey." International Journal on Natural Language Computing 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijnlc.2017.6201.

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32

Taslim, Fadilla. "An Experimental Study of Teaching Vocabulary by Using Hyponymy Games on the Seventh Grader F MTs Syech Ibrahim Payakumbuh." Al-Ta lim Journal 21, no. 3 (November 19, 2014): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/jt.v21i3.103.

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Language is an effective tool to get communication, interaction, and information about other people, society and other groups. Whenever people think about language, they usually think of mastering vocabulary. Mastering vocabulary means that they know all the words in the language which we use. In this research, the writer would like to carry out the research under title “An Experimental Study of Teaching Vocabulary by Using Hyponymy Games on the Seventh Grader of MTs Syech Ibrahim Payakumbuh. It was quasi experimental method. The population was all of the seventh grader at Seventh Grader of MTs Syech Ibrahim Payakumbuh. But, the writer just took one class as the sample. The objects of the study was the seventh grade of 7c class. From the result of statistic calculation, it is obtained the value of to is 8,9 and tt is 2,64. So tott. The comparison between t-score with t-table (2,64 8,9). It means that hypothesis of the research is accepted, or there is significant difference between the results of teaching vocabulary through hyponymy games for the Seventh Grader of MTs Syech Ibrahim Payakumbuh. Copyright © 2014 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
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Farooq, Wagma. "THE DELETION OF THE HUMAN AGENT IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE DISCOURSE: AN ECOLINGUISTIC STUDY." University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature 5, no. II (December 30, 2021): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.33195/jll.v5iii.300.

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This study explores the use of the strategy of erasure in environmental science discourses to explore the deletion of the agent. Three environmental science textbooks have been chosen for analysis. Stibbe’s (2015) framework of erasure has been used as a model for analyzing the data. He asserts that the natural world is marginalized in texts through the use of certain linguistic strategies; these strategies run throughout the whole discourse to construct the erasure of the ecosystem. The researchers aim to identify erasure at the level of void, which is the complete erasure or deletion of the agent from these discourses. Stibbe mentions nine linguistic strategies for the construction of erasure in environmental discourses. These strategies are passive voice, nominalization, co-hyponymy, hyponymy, metaphor, metonymy, construction of noun phrases, transitivity patterns and massification. For the construction of void, the researchers have analyzed the strategies of passivization and nominalization. It has been found that these strategies are pervasive in the discourses, thereby deleting the agent and constructing void. The study suggests a new way to look at the language of ecological discourses and proposes further studies on how euphemistic language in these discourses can negatively influence readers. Keywords: erasure, mask, void, environmental discourse
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Chang, Peichin, and Hsin-Jung Tsai. "Text-image complementarity and genre in English as foreign language textbooks." Semiotica 2022, no. 244 (January 1, 2022): 53–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2020-0103.

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Abstract Relating visual images to textual messages may have great potential in facilitating students’ reading comprehension. The inevitable and important presence of visuals in textbooks obliges language teachers to exploit all semiotic resources to deepen students’ understanding. However, analysis of how images interact with text in textbooks has been rare, and among the efforts it has generally been found that visuals and text often fail to achieve coherence. This study investigates whether and how text and image complement each other ideationally (i.e., the “what”) by six sense relations (e.g., synonymy and hyponymy) and interpersonally (i.e., reader engagement) by the Mood system in ninth-grade English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks to reach intersemiotic complementarity (IC). The results revealed that ideational rather than interpersonal IC is more frequent, where many more Participants (i.e., the nominal groups) than Processes (i.e., the verbal groups) in the texts find their visual complements. Ideational IC is particularly high in Information Reports while Recounts generally mark higher percentages of interpersonal IC. To accomplish ideational IC, repetition is most frequent, followed by hyponymy (i.e., general-specific relation) and collocation (i.e., relations that naturally co-occur). Distinct IC patterns also characterize the different editions of textbooks investigated, which may suggest their different potentials in catering to students of varying proficiencies.
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Nur Maulida, Zulfa. "WACANA PENANDA KEKOHESIAN DAN KEKOHERENSIAN DALAM BERITA COVID-19 DI LIPUTAN6.COM." Jurnal PENEROKA 1, no. 02 (July 1, 2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.30739/peneroka.v1i02.991.

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This study analyzes cohesion and coherence in covid-19 news in the June 2020 liputan6.com edition. The purpose of this study is to describe the markers of cohesion and coherence of news discourse in online media with the June 2020 edition of Covid-19. This study aims to describe the discourse markers of cohesion and coherence in the Covid-19 news on the June 2020 edition of Liputan6.com. Looking for markers of cohesion and coherence in the news. Based on the results of data analysis found several things as follows. First, markers of grammatical cohesiveness by using reference markers, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunctions. Second, markers of lexical cohesion which include antonymy, hyponymy, and collocation. Third, the markers of coherence are found as "signified" coherence. Markers of "tagged" coherence include additive coherence, chronological coherence, causality coherence, and contrast coherence. On the basis of the results of data analysis, it can be concluded as follows. First, the mark of cohesiveness in the covid-19 news on Liputan6.com in the June 2020 edition generally uses explicit cohesion markers. Second, the grammatical cohesive markers used include references, substitution, ellipsis, conjunctions, and lexical cohesive markers used include antonym, hyponym, and collocation. Third, the markers of the coherence of co-19 news in the June 2020 edition generally use "tagged" coherence, such as additive coherence, chronological coherence, causality coherence, and contrast coherence
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Zhan, Qiang, and Chunhong Wang. "Hyponymy Extraction of Domain Ontology Concept Based on CCRFS and Hierarchy Clustering." International journal of Web & Semantic Technology 6, no. 3 (July 30, 2015): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijwest.2015.6301.

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Nakamura, Makoto, Tomohiro Ohno, Yasuhiro Ogawa, and Katsuhiko Toyama. "Acquisition of hyponymy relations for agricultural terms from a Japanese statutory corpus." Information Processing in Agriculture 1, no. 2 (December 2014): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2014.11.001.

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KOSKELA, ANU. "Coatsandbrasandjeans– andclothes, too: lexical contrast between hyperonyms and hyponyms." English Language and Linguistics 21, no. 3 (November 3, 2016): 475–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136067431600037x.

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A special case of lexical contrast involves contrasting a hyperonym and a hyponym (as inclothes and socks), leading to the narrowing of the hyperonym's sense. However, not all hyperonym/hyponym pairs are amenable to contrast (e.g.?animals and cats). While category prototype structure forms a strong motivating and constraining factor for hyperonym/hyponym contrast (e.g. Lehrer 1990), what is lacking in previous work is a systematic consideration of the co-hyponyms in real language use. To that end, data from the GloWbE corpus (Davies 2013) were used to investigate which terms for items of clothing (e.g.coat,bra,jeans) can be contrasted with their hyperonym (eitherclothesorclothing). While marginal members of theitem of clothingcategory (e.g.belt,hat) have a stronger potential for contrasting with the hyperonym, even prototypical hyponyms (e.g.shirt,jeans) contrasted withclothes/clothingin at least some contexts. Language users can therefore manipulate category boundaries to meet their discourse needs, exploiting a range of dimensions of difference to create contrast. Many clothing terms were also found to contrast more readily withclothesthan withclothing, suggesting that the meaning ofclothesis generally narrower than that of its near-synonymclothing.
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Gagné, Christina L., Thomas L. Spalding, Patricia Spicer, Dixie Wong, Beatriz Rubio, and Karen Perez Cruz. "Is buttercup a kind of cup? Hyponymy and semantic transparency in compound words." Journal of Memory and Language 113 (August 2020): 104110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104110.

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40

Kozoriz, O. P. "The Phenomenon of Hyponymy in the Legal Terminology of the Modern Chinese Language." Oriental Studies 2012, no. 59 (September 30, 2012): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/skhodoznavstvo2012.59.028.

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41

Bayraktar, Nesrin. "Names Given to the Offspring of Animals in Modern Turkish and its Dialects." IRAN and the CAUCASUS 19, no. 4 (December 14, 2015): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-20150407.

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The analysis revealed that the names employed for baby animals are abundant in modern Turkish and its dialects. Frequently, young animals are labelled according to their age, sex, and even whether they have given birth. A hyponymy relationship was observed in regards the groups of animals (e.g. enik “dogs and cats”; cücük “domestic fowls”). Finally, in coining names for animal offspring, +Ak/+(V)k, a derivative suffix appeared to be frequently employed. This study presented a general tendency in Modern Turkish to name young animals.
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Коvtun, Al’bina. "Svoyeridnistʹ formuvannya relihiynykh znachenʹ za dopomohoyu vnutrishnʹoslivnoho hiponimiynoho zvʺyazku." Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia, no. 8 (August 31, 2020): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2299-7237suv.8.14.

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The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of the formation of religious meanings with the help of the intraword hyponymic (genus-species) relations. It was revealed t hat in semantic structures of lexemes, this type of semantic derivation is capable of actively deploying stable specialized religious(specific, hyponymic) meanings from commonly used (generic, hypernymic) ones. It was also found that in times of Christianization, the fixation of hyponyms often led to the disappearance of hypernyms. The process of transferring religious hyponyms without hypernyms from other languages into the Old Kyiv language was quite active. Forming a paradigm through hyponymic relations reflects a variety of changes in the represented reality associated with the linguistically conservative religious sphere of Ukrainians: the names remained unchanged, while language objects, acquiring new functions, changed, and the speakers’ knowledge of the objects deepened.
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DAVIS, N., C. GIRAUD-CARRIER, and D. JENSEN. "A topological embedding of the lexicon for semantic distance computation." Natural Language Engineering 16, no. 3 (June 15, 2010): 245–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324910000045.

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AbstractWe show how a quantitative context may be established for what is essentially qualitative in nature by topologically embedding a lexicon (here, WordNet) in a complete metric space. This novel transformation establishes a natural connection between the order relation in the lexicon (e.g., hyponymy) and the notion of distance in the metric space, giving rise to effective word-level and document-level lexical semantic distance measures. We provide a formal account of the topological transformation and demonstrate the value of our metrics on several experiments involving information retrieval and document clustering tasks.
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Miller, George, Christiane Fellbaum, Judy Kegl, and Katherine Miller. "WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Reference System Based on Theories of Lexical Memory." Revue québécoise de linguistique 17, no. 2 (May 20, 2009): 181–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/602632ar.

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Abstract This paper describes WordNet, an on-line lexical reference system whose design is based on psycholinguistic theories of human lexical organization and memory. English nouns, verbs, and adjectives are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical concept. Synonym sets are then related via three principal conceptual relations: hyponymy, meronymy, and antonymy. Verbs are additionally specified for presupposition relations that hold among them, and for their most common semantic/syntactic frames. By attempting to mirror the organization of the mental lexicon, WordNet strives to serve the linguistically unsophisticated user.
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45

Crossley, Scott. "Assessing automatic processing of hypernymic relations in first language speakers and advanced second language learners." Mental Lexicon 8, no. 1 (April 29, 2013): 96–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.8.1.05cro.

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This study investigates the depth of lexical knowledge in first language (L1) speakers and second language (L2) learners in reference to hierarchical word knowledge. Eighty-eight participants took part in a lexical decision task that assessed their speed and accuracy in recognizing words and nonwords. Prime and target pairs in the lexical decision task were related words (hyponynm to hypernym and hypernym to hyponym), unrelated words, or word to nonwords. The findings indicate bidirectional priming in L1 participants such that associated pairs (hyponynm to hypernym and hypernym to hyponym) were processed faster than unrelated words. For L2 participants, unidirectional priming effects were reported for the hyponynm to hypernym condition only. These findings provide evidence that hierarchical lexical networks characterize L1 lexicons but not L2 networks. Such findings provide important information about the organizational properties of L1 and L2 lexicons.
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Lazarevic, Emilija, and Jelena Stevanovic. "The level of development of hyponymy in the language of junior elementary-school students." Nastava i vaspitanje 64, no. 1 (2015): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nasvas1501039l.

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Setianingrum, Diah Ayu, Januarius Mujiyanto, and Sri Wuli Fitriati. "The Use of Semantic Lexical Relation in Rowling’s “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”." English Education Journal 11, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/eej.v11i1.35892.

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Semantics is the study of words’ meaning. One of the branches of semantics is a lexical relation study. It refers to the relationship between the meaning of words. The focus of this article is the explanation of the use of three types of lexical relations: synonymy, antonymy and hyponymy in the Rowling’s novel “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”. The study aims to explain the use of the elements or the three types of semantics lexical relation appeared in that novel.This study employed qualitative research in the form of content analysis which deeply investigates the meanings in the novel. The units of analysis are words that appeared in the novel, taken from the whole chapters of the novel. Therefore, the object is semantics lexical relations comprising three types of lexical relations: synonymy, antonymy and hyponymy.The findings show that each type of lexical relation is interconnected with one another. The most dominant type that is used by the author of the novel is antonymy. There were 148 out of 319 items, followed by synonymy with 97 finding items and then hyponymy with 26 finding items.This current study hopefully can enhance the teacher or lecturers and the students English Language Education to involve the semantics lexical relation. Moreover, the findings and discussions can be applied in English Language Education Study Program, specifically in the semantics subject. The implications of lexical relation could be found not only in an English textbook but also in literature work such as novel, poetry, poem, even in play or drama, which is the subject that is required to learn by every single student.
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Hutahaean, Sorta, and Edward Edward. "KOHESI LEKSIKALI DALAM LIRIK LAGU CRAIG DAVID." Jurnal Ilmu Budaya 11, no. 2 (February 3, 2015): 80–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jib.v11i2.1100.

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The purpose of this analysis is to describe the lexical cohesion in five Craig David song lyrics. The data were taken from the words, phrases, sentences of the song lyrics which contain the elements of lexical cohesion. Lexical cohesion described are repetition, synonymy, antonymy, equivalent, hyponymy, metonymy, and collocation. Data analysis is descriptive qualitative. The analysis is based on the semantic relation. The lexical cohesion in the lyrics are supported by the cohesiveness of the text. The aims of using lexical cohesion is to make the text harmony and to tie the text in order to have contextual meaning. The finding shows that repetition is the dominant devices used.
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Bouveret, Myriam. "Fonctions lexicales pour le typage de relations syntagmatiques et paradigmatiques." Terminology 12, no. 2 (November 13, 2006): 235–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.12.2.05mor.

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In this paper, we present the conversion of a specialized dictionary of bioindustries by means of Lexical Functions (Mel’čuk et al. 1984, 1988, 1992, 1999 ; Mel’čuk et al. 1995). The dictionary is based on semantic derivation as described in Explanatory and Combinatorial Lexicology, and explores compatibilities with lexico-syntactic descriptions as in Fillmore (1977, 2003) and Levin (1993) in order to assign circumstantial Lexical Functions. We first describe semantic relations such as hyperonymy, hyponymy, synonymy, antonymy and several cases of meronymy ; subsequently, we discuss verbs and predicative relations with reference to arguments and adjuncts. Finally, we explore the possibility of pursuing the research with an additional entry for definitions.
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Sidabutar, Usman. "An Analysis of Lexical Cohesion on the Students’ Writing." JETAL: Journal of English Teaching & Applied Linguistic 2, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36655/jetal.v2i2.533.

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This research aims at finding lexical cohesion in high and low-graded lexical cohesion types on the students' narrative writing. The researcher wants to reveal the reasons why the writing problems exist in lexical cohesion and also to find out what way that the students will use to solve the lexical types in writing narrative text. The present research uses the types of lexical cohesion as proposed by Halliday and Matthiensen (2014). The lexical cohesion items consist of repetition, synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, and meronymy. The data of this research are derived from students' writing through writing research papers. This research was conducted in qualitative. The results show that repetition becomes the highest occurrence in the students' writing as there are 240 occurrences (64%) in total types of lexical. Nevertheless, the least kind of lexical cohesion is hyponymy. There are only 20 occurrences (6, 6%). It can be seen that the meaning relation in the text occurs among the six types of lexical cohesion to make cohesive text. Besides that, the context of the text itself also refers to coherent text. It means that the text should consist of interrelated sentences to achieve good unity. Both are related to each other in creating well-structured text. The students were sometimes difficult to connect one word with other words. There might be a reluctance of translating the classification of the real words of EFL. Pedagogically, the students need to get studying vocabularies professionally to upgrade the stage of English into an advanced level especially in teaching English writing ability. It was recommended to teachers or lecturers to take an in-depth look at the EFL learners' problems in writing English more than and the English lecturers practice the prompt way to master vocabulary as the core of enhancing the writing quality
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