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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hypotension'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 22 January 2025

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1

Soucie, Luc. "Exercise hypotension: A retrospective analysis." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9829.

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This retrospective study assessed the usefulness of a drop and a blunted systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to exercise testing as predictors of multiple or left main coronary artery disease (CAD) as defined by a 'Coronary Score' (CS). Three types of systolic BP response to exercise were used: (1) an increase by more than 20 mmHg (Group I, n = 107), (2) an increase by 20 mmHg or less (Group II, n = 84), and (3) a decrease of at least 10 mmHg (Group III, n = 45). The extent of CAD was significantly greater in groups II and III than in group I (group I, $6.7\pm6.9;$ group II, $9.3\pm7.1;$ group III, $11.7\pm8.5,$ p 0.05). However, the difference was not statistically different between groups II and III which reinforces the value of a blunted SBP response. Treatment outcome also differed between SBP groups. Seventy percent of patients in group I received medical therapy. Over 70% of those in groups II and III underwent coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or coronary bypass surgery (CABG). It was concluded that similarly to a drop in SBP, a blunted SBP response to treadmill exercise testing in patients with known or suspected CAD is a potential indicator of multiple or left main coronary artery disease.

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2

KOBAYAKAWA, HIROYUKI, ICHIRO TAKAI, SHIGERU NAKAI, TAKAHIRO SHINZATO, and KENJI MAEDA. "Mechanism of Dialysis-induced Hypotension." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17518.

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3

Bush, Jeremiah G. "Post-Exercise Hypotension in Brief Exercise." TopSCHOLAR®, 2011. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1072.

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The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether a single 10 minute bout of exercise, performed at multiple intervals throughout the day to equal 30 minutes, can effectively elicit post-exercise hypotension (PEH). Secondly, it is important to explore whether a light (40% VO2R) or moderate (70% VO2R) intensity is required to elicit PEH within 10 minutes. Subjects (N=11) completed a VO2max test utilizing the Bruce Treadmill protocol. Each subject returned within 3 – 5 days to complete two separate exercising trials. A counter balanced system was employed so that each subject did not perform the same intensity rotation (Counter Balance 1 = 40% VO2R and 70% VO2R for session 1 and session 2, respectively; Counter Balance 2 = 70% VO2R and 40% VO2R for session 1 and session 2). The first session consisted of 3 sessions (morning, noon, evening) separated by an average of 3.5 hours at one of two intensities (40% VO2R or 70% VO2R). The second group of sessions were performed identical to the first, however, the intensity was altered depending upon counter balance. Baseline BP was measured prior to exercising. After each session, BP was measured at 2 intervals for the morning and noon sessions (immediately following and 20 minutes post-exercise); and at 3 intervals for the evening sessions (60 minutes post-exercise added) for both intensities. At 40% VO2R, BP decreased significantly at the morning (p = 0.007), noon (p = 0.018) and evening (p = 0.010) sessions at the 20 minute post-exercise interval. Although not significantly different, BP was observed to be lower at 60 minutes post-exercise interval. During the 70% VO2R session, BP was significantly lower at the morning 20 minute (p = .029) and evening 60 minute post-exercise measurements (p = .006) when compared to baseline. There was no significant difference noted between 40% and 70% VO2R intensities at eliciting a drop in BP at any interval at any time point. Although not statistically significant, 70% VO2R appeared to produce a further decrease at the 60 minute post-exercise measurement (102 mmHg) than did the 40% session (106 mmHg). The results of this study indicate that PEH may be elicited after a single 10 minute exercise session. Furthermore, multiple bouts of 10 minutes produce an accumulated decrease in BP that can be observed at the completion of the day.

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4

MacDonald, Jay R. "Potential causes and mechanisms of postexercise hypotension." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ66281.pdf.

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5

Sampaio, Costa Renata. "Hypotension in healthy dogs undergoing elective desexing." Thesis, Sampaio Costa, Renata (2014) Hypotension in healthy dogs undergoing elective desexing. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2014. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/22864/.

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Hypotension is the most common complication during anaesthesia of dogs and contributes to anaesthetic-related morbidity. The frequency of hypotension reported in anaesthetised dogs is quite variable due to the lack of a standardised definition of hypotension and the number of different factors present in each study that could influence the results. In addition, there is no study in the veterinary literature that has attempted to identify animal factors that may influence perioperative mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). The aims of this thesis were to document the proportion of healthy dogs developing hypotension during elective desexing at Murdoch University Veterinary Hospital (MUVH) and investigate patient factors influencing perioperative MAP during a surgical plane of anaesthesia. To achieve these aims, a historical cohort study and two prospective studies were performed. These studies were approved by the Murdoch University Animal Ethics Committee (AEC R239611). The historical cohort study reviewed anaesthetic records from dogs desexed in general practice (GP) between 2007 and 2011. The aim was to determine the frequency of hypotension and explore associations between gender, age, body mass, heart rate and anaesthetic drugs with MAP. Hypotension was defined as MAP <60 mmHg for ≥10 minutes. Records from 188 dogs were included, 87/188 developed hypotension and the frequency of hypotension was higher in younger dogs. However, this study had limitations such as the use of a non-invasive technique for measuring MAP and various anaesthetic protocols were utilised. Prospective studies were thus performed to clarify the previous findings. These studies used invasive blood pressure monitoring (the most accurate method of measuring blood pressure) and a standardised anaesthetic protocol. A prospective study was performed in dogs undergoing elective desexing in student neutering clinics between 2011 and 2012. To determine the proportion of hypotensive dogs, the average of 10 consecutive MAP measurements were recorded every five minutes. Hypotension was defined as above. To investigate factors that influenced MAP, the area under the MAP*time curve (AUC) from 10 minutes before to 40 minutes after the start of surgery was calculated using the trapezoidal method. Association of explanatory variables including gender, age, body mass, urine specific gravity (USG), packed cell volume and total solids with the AUC were explored using regression models. Thirty five of 71 dogs developed hypotension. The combination of age and USG best explained the MAP with age being positively and USG being negatively associated with MAP. A second prospective study was performed to determine if the findings of the previous study could be corroborated in dogs undergoing desexing in GP, where dogs were hospitalised for a shorter period and surgery was performed by experienced veterinarians. As duration of anaesthesia was shorter, the AUC was calculated from 5 minutes before to 30 minutes after the start of surgery. Association of explanatory variables with AUC were explored. The proportion of hypotensive dogs was higher than in student neutering clinics with 17 of 24 dogs developing hypotension. Urine specific gravity was also found to be negatively associated with MAP, which was consistent with the previous study. The observed proportions of hypotensive dogs support the recommendation for blood pressure monitoring during anaesthesia in healthy young dogs and the presence of subclinical dehydration suggested by increases in USG support the administration of intravenous fluids.

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6

Boone, Louvonia Rose. "Heart rate variability as a predictor of hypotension." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-11212008-110758/.

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7

Mayaud, Louis. "Prediction of mortality in septic patients with hypotension." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:55a57418-de16-4932-8a42-af56bd380056.

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Sepsis remains the second largest killer in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), giving rise to a significant economic burden ($17b per annum in the US, 0.3% of the gross domestic product). The aim of the work described in this thesis is to improve the estimation of severity in this population, with a view to improving the allocation of resources. A cohort of 2,143 adult patients with sepsis and hypotension was identified from the MIMIC-II database (v2.26). The implementation of state-of-the-art models confirms the superiority of the APACHE-IV model (AUC=73.3%) for mortality prediction using ICU admission data. Using the same subset of features, state-of-the art machine learning techniques (Support Vector Machines and Random Forests) give equivalent results. More recent mortality prediction models are also implemented and offer an improvement in discriminatory power (AUC=76.16%). A shift from expert-driven selection of variables to objective feature selection techniques using all available covariates leads to a major gain in performance (AUC=80.4%). A framework allowing simultaneous feature selection and parameter pruning is developed, using a genetic algorithm, and this offers similar performance. The model derived from the first 24 hours in the ICU is then compared with a “dynamic” model derived over the same time period, and this leads to a significant improvement in performance (AUC=82.7%). The study is then repeated using data surrounding the hypotensive episode in an attempt to capture the physiological response to hypotension and the effects of treatment. A significant increase in performance (AUC=85.3%) is obtained with the static model incorporating data both before and after the hypotensive episode. The equivalent dynamic model does not demonstrate a statistically significant improvement (AUC=85.6%). Testing on other ICU populations with sepsis is needed to validate the findings of this thesis, but the results presented in it highlight the role that data mining will increasingly play in clinical knowledge generation.

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8

WAKABAYASHI, T., T. NAITO, T. KINKORI, N. MATSUBARA, T. OHSHIMA, T. IZUMI, O. HOSOSHIMA, S. MIYACHI, and A. TSURUMI. "Can Periprocedural Hypotension in Carotid Artery Stenting Be Predicted ? : A Carotid Morphologic Autonomic Pathologic Scoring Model Using Virtual Histology to Anticipate Hypotension." Thesis, Centauro Srl, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16865.

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9

Covassin, Naima. "Hemodynamic and autonomic patterns during sleep in essential hypotension." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425341.

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Over the past decade, a large body of knowledge has been gathered with regard to the nocturnal hemodynamic pattern, as well as the comorbidity with sleep disturbances, in several cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension. Nevertheless, surprisingly few attention has been paid to the hypotensives states. In particular, there is paucity of studies addressing sleep in essential hypotension. Essential hypotension represents a form of chronic low blood pressure that is not due to medical or orthostatic conditions. Unlike the other forms of hypotension and although sufferers endorse a variety of subjective distressing symptoms included sleep complaints, essential hypotension remains a poorly addressed topic. Considering in particular its pathogenesis, an autonomic dysfunction in terms of a sympathetic hypoactivation has been postulated as underlying this condition. The present dissertation aims at providing a comprehensive picture of the hemodynamic and autonomic pattern during sleep as well as the sleep pattern in essential hypotension in comparison to normotensive state. The aim of the Experiment 1 was to survey the overnight profile of cardiovascular activity during a night of sleep in essential hypotensives by means of a wide range of measures derived from blood pressure monitoring, impedance cardiography and heart rate variability. In addition, in order to clarify the postulated autonomic imbalance in hypotensives, we sought to examine the nocturnal cardiac autonomic regulation by assessing the involvement of both neurovegetative divisions. Hypotensives displayed diminished cardiovascular output over the sleep period in comparison to normotensives, which was likely driven by the finding of both sympathetic hypoactivation and vagal hyperactivity in essential hypotension. Afterwards, the focus has been turned on the sleep structure. The purpose of the Experiment II was twofold. Firstly, we aimed at evaluating the sleep quality and quantity in this condition in depth, by describing the sleep parameters through polysomnographic recording. Secondly, we studied the cardiovascular and autonomic patterns as a function of the sleep stage to assess whether hypotensives have a different regulation across sleep stages compared with normotensives. Comparisons over the sleep parameters failed to identify any group differences in sleep pattern, whereas lower blood pressure and myocardial contractility associated with a decreased sympathovagal balance in hypotensives across sleep stages corroborated the nighttime cardiovascular hypoactivation and autonomic dysregulation illustrated in the Experiment I. Lastly, since arousals from sleep are associated with transient elevations in cardiovascular activity, the analysis of changes in heart rate elicited by arousals from sleep was carried out in the Experiment III to assess the cardiovascular reactivity in essential hypotension. Hypotensive individuals exhibited a larger heart rate response over the early post arousal beats compared to normotensives, whilst groups did not differ in terms of neither the number nor the duration of arousals experienced during sleep. Given that the cardiac arousal response is primarily mediated by the parasympathetic division, this finding suggests a greater vagal withdrawal in hypotensive subjects than in normotensives, providing further support to the hypothesized parasympathetic hyperactivity in essential hypotension. To summarize, our findings of sympathetic withdrawal matched with vagal hyperactivity underlying the nocturnal cardiovascular activity confirm and extend the hypothesis of autonomic imbalance in essential hypotension, showing that both neurovegetative branches functions are altered in this condition. Nevertheless, since no group differences were detected with regard to the objective sleep parameters, the sleep quality and quantity appear to be preserved in this disorder.
A partire dallo scorso decennio, è stata ampiamente approfondita la conoscenza relativa all’andamento dei parametri cardiovascolari durante la notte, così come la comorbidità con disturbi del sonno, in numerose patologie cardiovascolari quale l’ipertensione arteriosa. Tuttavia, sorprendentemente limitata attenzione è stata prestata agli stati ipotensivi. In particolare, scarseggiano gli studi volti ad esaminare il sonno nell’ipotensione essenziale. L’ipotensione essenziale rappresenta una forma cronica di bassa pressione sanguigna non conseguente a condizioni mediche o ortostatiche. A differenza delle altre forme di ipotensione e nonostante i soggetti che ne soffrono lamentino una varietà di sintomi soggettivi inclusi difficoltà nel sonno, l’ipotensione essenziale rimane un tema insufficientemente indagato. Considerando in particolare la patogenesi, una disfunzione autonoma in termini di ipoattivazione simpatica è stata ipotizzata alla base di tale condizione. La presente tesi si propone di fornire una descrizione esaustiva dell’andamento emodinamico e autonomo durante il sonno e del pattern ipnico nell’ipotensione essenziale in confronto con lo stato normotensivo. L’obiettivo dell’Esperimento I era quello di indagare il profilo notturno dell’attività cardiovascolare durante una notte di sonno in ipotési essenziali mediante l’impiego di un ampio spettro di misure derivate dal monitoraggio pressorio, dalla cardiografia ad impedenza e dall’analisi della variabilità della frequenza cardiaca. Inoltre, al fine di chiarire l’ipotesi di sbilancio autonomo avanzata circa la patogenesi dell’ipotensione essenziale, abbiamo esaminato la regolazione cardiaca autonoma notturna valutando il ruolo di entrambe le divisioni neurovegetative. Gli ipotési, confrontati con normotesi, hanno mostrato una ridotta attività cardiovascolare lungo il periodo di sonno, verosimilmente mediata dalle ipoattivazione simpatica e iperattivazione vagale riscontrate nell’ipotensione essenziale. Il focus è stato quindi rivolto alla struttura del sonno. L’Esperimento II presentava un duplice scopo. In primo luogo, ci siamo proposti di esaminare approfonditamente la qualità e quantità di sonno nella condizione ipotensiva, attraverso la descrizione dei parametri sonno derivati dalla registrazione polisonnografica. In secondo luogo, abbiamo studiato i pattern cardiovascolare e autonomo in funzione dello stadio di sonno al fine di valutare se gli ipotési, confrontati con normotesi, mostrassero una differente regolazione fisiologica lungo tali stadi. I confronti effettuati circa i parametri sonno non hanno rilevato alcuna differenza di gruppo nel pattern ipnico, mentre i risultati di ridotte pressione sanguigna e contrattilità miocardica, unitamente ad un diminuito bilancio simpatovagale esibiti dagli ipotési lungo gli stadi di sonno hanno fornito supporto ai dati di ipoattivazione cardiovascolare notturna e disregolazione autonoma precedentemente illustrate nell’Esperimento I. Infine, dal momento che gli arousal notturni sono associati a transitori incrementi nei parametri cardiovascolari, nell’Esperimento III è stata condotta l’analisi delle variazioni di frequenza cardiaca elicitate dagli arousal notturni per indagare la reattività cardiovascolare nell’ipotensione essenziale. I soggetti ipotési hanno esibito una più marcata risposta cardiaca rispetto ai normotesi a livello dei battiti cardiaci immediatamente successivi all’insorgenza dell’arousal, mentre non si sono riscontrate differenze di gruppo relativamente né al numero né alla durata media degli arousal esperiti durante il sonno. Poiché la risposta cardiaca agli arousal è prevalentemente modulata dalla divisione parasimpatica, questo risultato suggerisce un maggiore ritiro vagale negli ipotési in confronto con i normotesi, avvalorando così ulteriormente l’ipotesi di iperattività vagale sottesa all’ipotensione essenziale. In conclusione, i risultati da noi riportati indicanti un ritiro simpatico congiuntamente ad un’iperattività vagale alla base dell’attività cardiovascolare notturna sostengono ed ampliano l’ipotesi di sbilancio autonomo postulata nell’ipotensione essenziale, suggerendo come entrambe le branche neurovegetative evidenzino alterazioni funzionali in tale condizione. Tuttavia, dal momento che non si sono rilevate differenze di gruppo circa i parametri sonno oggettivi, la qualità e quantità di sonno appaiono preservate in questo disturbo.

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10

Hisbergues, Alexandre Benetos Athanase. "Polymédication de la personne âgée étude des caractéristiques et déterminants /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2008_HISBERGUES_ALEXANDRE.pdf.

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11

Krediet, Constantijn Thomas Paul. "Physical manoeuvres to prevent vasovagal syncope and initial orthostatic hypotension." [Amsterdam] : Vossiuspers UvA, 2007. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10302641.

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12

Wang, Duanran. "Opioid-induced ocular hypotension: actions at pre- and postjunctional sites." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1994. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1002.

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This study examined the ocular actions of an opioid agonist. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of DPDPE ([D-pen2, D-pen5] enkephalin), a delta opioid agonist on: 1) intraocular pressure (IOP) in rabbits; 2) cAMP accumulation in rabbit iris ciliary bodies (ICBs); 3) 3H-norepinephrine (NE) overflow from electrically stimulated sympathetic nerves in ICBs. DPDPE Lowerd IOP in normal rabbits but not in sympathectomized (SX) eyes. Naloxone did not inhibit the effect of DPDPE on IOP in normal rabbits. DPDPE inhibited 3H-NE overflow and suppressed cAMP accumulation in ICBs. The presence of naltrindole, a delta receptor antagonist, did not prevent the suppression of cAMP levels by DPDPE. Pertussis toxin (PTX) did not prevent the inhibition of cAMP levels by DPDPE. The data suggest that the lowering of IOP by DPDPE is mediated at both pre- (neuronal) and postjunctional (ciliary body) sites and may involve an atypical opioid receptor. In addition, the actions of DPDPE in the anterior segment may involve a PTXinsensitive G protein.

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13

Li, Kin-shing, and 李健誠. "Relation of hypotension anaesthesia to blood loss duringothrognathic [sic] surgery." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954121.

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14

Lagerqvist, Filip, and Benjamin Jefford-Baker. "Identifiering av tecken på kommande hypotension i samband med operation." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276968.

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Hypotension är vanligt förekommande vid anestesi och i den postoperativa fasen. Om blodtrycket sjunker till för låga nivåer eller pågår under för lång tid kan vitala organ som hjärta och njurar ta allvarlig skada. De flesta fall av hypotension behandlas idag retroaktivt. Med möjlighet att kunna upptäcka hypotension innan det uppstår skulle behandling kunna ske i ett förebyggande syfte och på så sätt minska tiden i hypotension för patienten. Med hjälp av maskininlärning går det att analysera blodtryckskurvor och kunna hitta vilka attribut i dem som kan förutse hypotension. Detta projekt har gått ut på att definiera och beräkna attribut för att i framtida arbeten kunna låta en maskininlärningsalgoritm analysera dem. Utöver detta har arbetet med signalbehandling skett för att kunna upptäcka bristande kvalitet på den analyserade signalen och kunna förbättra den vid behov. Målet att definiera och beräkna attribut har lyckats. Målet att kunna avgöra kvaliteten på signalen har lyckats delvis.

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15

Ngamprasertwong, Pornswan. "Impact of Maternal Hypotension during Fetoscopic Surgery on Fetal Survival." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1335462758.

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16

Bauler, Marcel. "Hypotension orthostatique apres hemodialyse : etude hemodynamique et essai de traitement." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M056.

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17

Mezurat, Isabelle. "Hypotension orthostatique du sujet âgé : influence de la prise alimentaire." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M027.

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18

Ramsey, Michael Wiechmann. "Effects of head-up tilt on mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and regional cardiac output distribution in aging rats." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3094.

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Many senescent individuals demonstrate an inability to regulate mean arterial pressure (MAP) in response to standing or head-up tilt; however, whether this aging effect is the result of depressed cardiac function or an inability to reduce peripheral vascular conductance remains unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of aging on MAP, heart rate (HR), regional blood flow (via radioactive-microspheres), and vascular conductance during head-up tilt in conscious young (4 mo; n=12) and old (24 mo; n=10) male Fischer-344 rats. Heart rate and MAP were measured continuously during normal posture and during 10 minutes of head-up tilt. Blood flow was determined during normal posture and at the end of 10 minutes of head-up tilt. Young rats increased MAP significantly at the onset of head-up tilt and generally maintained the increase in MAP for the duration of head-up tilt, while aged rats showed a significant reduction in MAP after 10 minutes of head-up tilt. In the normal posture, aged rats demonstrated lower blood flow to splanchnic, bone, renal, and skin tissues versus young rats. With tilt there were decreases in blood flow to skin, bone, and hind-limb in both age groups and in fat, splanchnic, reproductive, and renal tissues in the young. Bone blood flow was attenuated with age across both conditions in hind foot, distal femur, femur marrow, and proximal and distal tibia. Head-up tilt caused a decrease in blood flow across both age groups in all bones sampled with the exception of the hind foot. These results provide evidence that the initial maintenance of MAP in aged rats during head-up tilt occurs through decreased regional blood flow and vascular conductance, and that the fall in pressure is not attributable to an increase in tissue blood flow and vascular conductance. Therefore, reductions in arterial pressure during headup tilt are likely a result of an old age-induced reduction in cardiac performance. In addition, this is the first study to demonstrate a decreased bone vascular conductance in both young and old rats during head-up tilt.

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Hivernaud, Jean-Pierre. "Hypotension contrôlée par association dihydralazine-enflurane au cours de la chirurgie correctrice des scolioses : étude hémodynamique prospective de huit patients." Nantes, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NANT3479.

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20

CAMMELLINI, GERARD. "L'Hypotension artérielle orthostatique chez le sujet agé : à propos d'une enquête sur une population de 120 personnes." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX2OO10.

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21

Brillac, Thierry. "Approche diagnostique et therapeutique de l'hypotension orthostatique : interet du domperidone." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31285.

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22

Yu, Wai-yin Alex. "Haemodynamics in dialysis hypotension and the possible role of splanchnic circulation." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36364162.

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23

McCord, Jennifer L. "Mechanisms of postexercise hypotension : contribution of histamine-1 and -2 receptors /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1400968561&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-214). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Yu, Wai-yin Alex, and 余惠賢. "Haemodynamics in dialysis hypotension and the possible role of splanchnic circulation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36364162.

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25

Paunova, Tsvetelina [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Straube. "Idiopathische intrakranielle Hypotension : Einfluß vorbestehender Kopfschmerzen / Tsvetelina Paunova ; Betreuer: Andreas Straube." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190032945/34.

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26

Millard, Roger Kenneth. "Studies in self-tuning control of hypotension during anaesthesia and surgery." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235497.

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27

Geeraerts, Thomas. "Vulnérabilité cérébrale post-traumatique : effets de l'hypoxie-hypotension chez le rat." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA11T037.

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28

Aarnes, Turi K. "Fluid administration for the treatment of isoflurane-induced hypotension in dogs." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1236023502.

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Aarnes, Turi Kenna. "Fluid administration for the treatment of isoflurane-induced hypotension in dogs." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1236023502.

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30

Li, Kin-shing. "Relation of hypotension anaesthesia to blood loss during othrognathic [sic] surgery." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2232947X.

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31

Carteron-Brunot, Anne-Claire Ducrocq Xavier. "Hypotension intracrânienne spontanée analyse de 19 observations et revue de la littérature /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2006_CARTERON_BRUNOT_ANNE_CLAIRE.pdf.

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32

Wileman, Samantha Mary. "Induction of L-arginine transport and nitric oxide synthase by pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharide in vascular smooth muscle cells." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338774.

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33

Alecu, Cosmin Benetos Athanase. "Applications cliniques de la mesure de la vélocité de l'onde de pouls chez le sujet âgé." S. l. : S. n, 2009. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2009_0066_ALECU.pdf.

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34

Kabalan, Walid. "Hypotension artérielle sévère "induite" par la rilmenidine : Hyperium : à propos d'une observation." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M175.

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35

Esterhuyse, Aletta Maria. "The magnitude and duration of post exercise hypotension after land and water exercise." Thesis, Dissertations -- Sport science, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1825.

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Thesis (M Sport Sc (Sport Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: It is well-known that acute and chronic aerobic and resistance exercise results in decreased blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive individuals. There is little evidence that water exercise has a similar effect on BP response. There is also no certainty regarding the magnitude and duration of post exercise hypotension (PEH) after either land or water-based exercise. Most studies were also performed under controlled laboratory conditions and very few characterised the PEH response under real life conditions. The current study endeavoured to examine the magnitude and duration of PEH after an acute session of water- and land-based exercise during free living conditions in persons with mild to moderate hypertension. Twenty-one men and women (aged 52 ± 10 years) volunteered for the study. All participants were pre-hypertensive or hypertensive. Participants completed a no exercise control session, a water exercise session and a combined aerobic and resistance land exercise session in random order. After all three sessions, participants underwent 24 hour monitoring using an Ergoscan ambulatory BP monitoring device. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored to determine changes from resting values after each session and to compare the PEH responses between land and water exercise. Overall, the land exercise treatment caused a 3.6 mmHg lower average SBP over 24 hours than the control treatment (P = 0.04). The average difference over 24 hours between the water and control treatments was 2.2 mmHg and between land and water exercise it was 1.5 mmHg (P > 0.05). During daytime, both land and water exercise resulted in significantly lower SBP (12.7 and 11.3 mmHg) compared to the control session (2.3 mmHg). The PEH response lasted for 24 hours after land exercise and nine hours after water exercise. There was no difference in the daytime DBP for the three treatments (P > 0.05). Although all three groups showed significant reductions during night time, both exercise treatments showed greater nocturnal falls in SBP, DBP and MAP than the control treatment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit is alombekend dat akute en chroniese aërobiese- en weerstandsoefening tot ‘n afname in bloeddruk (BD) lei in persone met hipertensie. Daar is egter min getuienis dat wateroefening dieselfde effek op die bloeddruk respons het. Daar is ook nie sekerheid oor die grootte en duur van post-oefening hipotensie na water- of landoefening nie. Die meeste studies is onder gekontrolleerde laboratorium omstandighede gedoen en min resultate is beskikbaar onder alledaagse lewensomstandighede. Die huidige studie het gepoog om die grootte en duur van die post-oefening hipotensie respons in persone met ligte tot matige hipertensie onder alledaagse omstandighede na ‘n akute sessie van water- en landgebaseerde oefening te ondersoek. Een-en-twintig mans en vrouens (ouderdom 52 ± 10 jaar) het ingewillig om aan die studie deel te neem. Alle deelnemers was hipertensief of pre-hipertensief. Alle deelnemers het ‘n kontrolesessie, ‘n wateroefeningsessie en ‘n gekombineerde aërobiese en weerstands landoefensessie, in lukrake volgorde, voltooi. Na elke sessie het die deelnemers 24 uur bloeddrukmonitering met ‘n Ergoscan wandelende bloeddruk monitor ondergaan. Sistoliese bloeddruk (SBD), diastoliese bloeddruk (DBD), gemiddelde arteriële bloeddruk en harttempo (HT) is gemonitor om die veranderinge vanaf rustende waardes na elke sessie te bepaal en om die hipotensiewe respons na land- en wateroefening te vergelyk. Landoefening het ‘n 3.6 mmHg laer gemiddelde SBD oor 24 uur tot gevolg gehad in vergelyking met die kontrolesessie (P = 0.04). Die gemiddelde verskil oor 24 uur tussen die water- en kontrolesessies was 2.2 mmHg en 1.5 mmHg tussen die land en water oefensessies (P > 0.05). Gedurende die dag het beide die land- and wateroefening gelei tot beduidende laer SBD (12.7 en 11.3 mmHg) in vergelyking met die kontrolesessie (2.3 mmHg). Die post-oefening hipotensie het 24 uur geduur na die landoefening en nege uur na die wateroefening. Daar was geen verskil in DBD gedurende die dag tussen die drie groepe nie (P > 0.05).

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36

Takahashi, A., S. Hakusui, N. Sakurai, Y. Kanaoke, Y. Hasegawa, Y. Koike, H. Watanabe, and M. Hirayama. "Postprandial hypotension: hemodynamic differences between multiple system atrophy and peripheral autonomic neuropathy." Thesis, Elsevier, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16641.

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37

Meyer-Tarazi, Renata. "Adrenal insufficiency associated with hypotension in transgenic mice overexpressing atrial natriuretic factor." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41716.

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Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) is a cardiac peptide hormone that has been implicated in the regulation of blood pressure. The physiological role of ANF was investigated by generating transgenic mice (designated MT/ANF) that overexpress ANF in the circulation as well as at several ectopic sites, most notably in the pituitary and adrenal glands. Systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased in MT/ANF mice, but was not accompanied by any changes in heart rate, hematocrit, body weight, water or food intake, urine output, or sodium or potassium excretion. The decreased blood pressure of transgenic mice therefore appears to be independent of the effects of ANF to elicit natriuresis and diuresis. Rather, the hypotensive phenotype was associated with a suppression of adrenocortical function, as evidenced by decreased circulating aldosterone and corticosterone levels, reduced adrenal steroidogenic enzyme expression, and atrophy of the adrenal cortex. Adrenal insufficiency was also reflected in an elevated urinary sodium to potassium excretion ratio. Decreased adrenocortical activity did not result from pituitary effects of ANF, as plasma adrenocorticotropin and pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA levels were increased in transgenic animals. The circulating renin-angiotensin system and hypothalamic vasopressin expression remained unchanged in transgenic mice. These findings support the conclusion that decreased adrenocortical activity in MT/ANF mice is the result of a direct effect of ANF on the adrenal gland. Therefore, these transgenic animals constitute a model for primary adrenal insufficiency associated with hypotension, and demonstrate a novel manner in which ANF can participate in the chronic regulation of blood pressure.

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Stone, Whitley J. "Twenty-Four Hour Post-Exercise Hypotension Following Concurrent Cardiovascular and Resistance Exercise." TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1350.

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Despite pharmacological advances, exercise remains a cost effective preventative for cardiovascular disease (CVD) by acutely and chronically lowering systolic blood pressure (SBP). Although numerous studies have investigated aerobic and resistance training’s role in eliciting an acute SBP response termed post-exercise hypotension (PEH), few researchers have investigated how performing both cardiovascular and weight training in a single session (concurrent training) or how different prescriptions for order of exercise modality will elicit this PEH response; no known studies have attempted altering the order of exercise types within each session. This study seeks to determine if the order of exercise type will affect a PEH response following concurrent exercise. Participants (n=13), considered low risk for cardiovascular disease participated in a control session, graded exercise test (GXT) and two concurrent sessions, with concurrent sessions counterbalanced for order of exercise mode. Recovery SBP was analyzed in the laboratory for sixty minutes and for twenty-four hours thereafter using an ambulatory blood pressure monitor. All exercise conditions elicited a depression in SBP; however, only the cardiovascular-weight training (CVWT) concurrent session elicited PEH (p = 0.05). However, there were no differences in SBP attenuation between conditions. There was no main effect for PEH between conditions during twenty-four hour assessment. With no statistically significant differences in the magnitude of PEH twenty-four hours after exercise, it may be determined that the order of exercise does not vi affect the preventative attributes of aerobic and resistance exercise in regards to acute SBP response. Furthermore, only exercise involving resistance training (CVWT) provoked PEH during the first 60 minutes; therefore it may be argued that individuals should pair cardiovascular exercise with weight training in order to elicit the greatest cardiovascular benefits. Future studies should consider evaluating the effect of time of day and PEH following concurrent exercise to determine if pairing exercise modalities will at different times will affect the blood pressure response.

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39

Esselborn, Hannah [Verfasser]. "Hypotension sehr kleiner Frühgeborener am ersten Lebenstag. Eine Genomweite Assoziationsstudie / Hannah Esselborn." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105423557/34.

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40

Morse, Bria G. "Effect of Intensity of Single-Leg Isometric Extension on Post-exercise Hypotension." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785771.

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This study investigated the acute physiological effects of isometric exercise at two different intensities and contraction times and their relation to post-exercise hypotension (PEH). Twelve college-aged participants (aged 24 ± 3.8 years) were enrolled in this study. Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) during knee extension of their dominant leg was conducted in order to determine their 30%MVC and 70%MVC. Once the %MVC was determined, each participant then ask to return for two intervention sessions during which four sets of isometric knee extension were performed per condition in a crossover design. Isometric contraction time was two minutes for the 30%MVC condition and one minute for the 70%MVC condition. A two way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the effects of exercise condition and time on blood pressure and hemodynamic measures. No instance of PEH was observed in either condition. Deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) decreased (p = 0.002) and oxygen saturation (SO2) increased (p = 0.002) following exercise with no difference between conditions. Based on the results, exercise intensity may not play a large role in the PEH response.

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41

VONTHRON, CATHERINE. "Le recepteur i1 specifique des imidazolines du cerveau humain : aspects moleculaires et pharmacologiques, purification (doctorat : pharmacologie)." Strasbourg 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR15056.

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42

COSTANTINI, CATHERINE. "La nicergoline pour le controle de la pression arterielle dans les protheses totales de hanches." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M231.

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43

Cremer, Antoine. "Déterminants et conséquences de l'hypotension orthostatique en population générale et hypertendue." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0038.

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L’hypotension orthostatique correspond à une baisse de la pression artérielle lors du passage à la position debout. Ce paramètre est associé à un sur-risque d’accident vasculaire cérébral, d’infarctus du myocarde, d’insuffisance cardiaque et de mortalité totale. Il est de ce point de vu proche des marqueurs de variabilité tensionnelle conventionnels que sont la variabilité tensionnelle inter-visite, la variabilité de moyen terme mesurée en auto-mesure tensionnelle et la variabilité de court terme mesurée en holter tensionnel. Cependant, contrairement à ces marqueurs conventionnels, l’association avec la démence n’a pas été démontrée. D’autre part, les relations entre l’hypotension orthostatique et ces autres marqueurs de variabilités ne sont pas connus. Enfin, si le diagnostic de l’hypotension orthostatique est relativement simple, la généralisation du dépistage en consultation n’est pas réalisée faute de temps. Objectifs : Nous proposons dans ce travail de mesurer l’association entre la présence d’une hypotension orthostatique et la survenue d’une démence. Nous réaliserons une étude mécanistique des déterminants de l’hypotension orthostatique à travers ses relations avec deux paramètres particuliers qui sont la variabilité tensionnelle en auto-mesure et la rigidité artérielle. Enfin, nous proposerons une méthode diagnostic par l’usage de l’auto-mesure tensionnelle. Matériel et méthode : Ces travaux sont réalisés à partir de la cohorte des 3 Cités qui est une cohorte de population générale de sujets de plus de 65ans recrutés sur trois centres : Bordeaux, Dijon et Montpellier. Une première étude longitudinale étudiera l’association entre la présence d’une hypotension orthostatique à l’inclusion dans la cohorte et la survenue d’une démence dans le suivi à 12 ans à travers des analyses de survie. Une deuxième étude transversale, utilisera un échantillon des sujets de Dijon autour du suivi à 10 ans qui ont bénéficié à la fois d’un dépistage de l’hypotension orthostatique, de la mesure de la rigidité artérielle et de la réalisation d’une série d’auto-mesure tensionnelle. Enfin, le dernier travail proposera une étude de faisabilité en soins courant de dépistage de l’hypotension orthostatique à travers un protocole d’auto-mesure tensionnelle adapté. Résultats : 7425 sujets ont été suivis sur une période de 12ans. La prévalence de l’hypotension orthostatique était de 13%. Le nombre de cas incidents de démence était de 512 cas. Les analyses de survie ont montré que l’hypotension orthostatique était associée à un sur-risque de démence de l’ordre de 25% dans des modèles ajustés en particulier sur le niveau de pression artérielle. Dans le deuxième travail une analyse transversale chez 1150 sujets a montré que l’hypotension orthostatique était associée de manière indépendante à la fois à la variabilité tensionnelle en autom-esure et à la rigidité artérielle. La variabilité tensionnelle et la rigidité artérielle ne sont pas associés. Dans le troisième travail, plus de 500 séries d’auto-mesure tensionnelle furent réalisées avec mesure de la pression artérielle en position debout sans altérer la qualité de l’auto-mesure tensionnelle classique. Conclusion : L’hypotension orthostatique est un paramètre hémodynamique riche qui reflète à la fois un vieillissement vasculaire marquée et un défaut de régulation de la pression artérielle immédiate. Elle est associée de manière indépendante au risque de démence. Une amélioration du diagnostic est possible par l’auto-mesure tensionnelle qui permet de multiplier les mesures en position debout et qui améliore le taux de dépistage
Orthostatic hypotension is a blood pressure drop when moving to standing position. It is associated with an over-risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and total mortality. From this point of view, it is close to the conventional markers of blood pressure variability which are the inter-visit blood pressure variability, the mid-term variability measured by home blood pressure and the short-term variability measured by an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. However, unlike these conventional markers, the association with dementia has not been demonstrated. In addition, the relationships between orthostatic hypotension and these other markers of variability are not known. Finally, although the diagnosis of orthostatic hypotension is relatively simple, the generalization of screening in consultation is not achieved. Objectives: In this work, we propose to measure the association of the orthostatic hypotension and the occurrence of dementia. In addition, we will carry out a mechanistic study of the determinants of orthostatic hypotension through its relations with two particular parameters : mid term variability and arterial stiffness. Finally, we will propose a diagnostic method using home blood pressure measurement. Material and methods: This work is based on the "3 Cities" cohort which is a general population cohort of subjects over 65 years old recruited from three centres: Bordeaux, Dijon and Montpellier. We will first study the association between orthostatic hypotension at baseline cohort and the occurrence of dementia in the 12-year follow-up through survival analyses. A second cross-sectional study will use a sample of Dijon subjects around the 10-year follow-up who were screened for orthostatic hypotension, pulse wave velocity measurement and performed a series of home blood pressure measurement. Finally, the last work will propose a feasibility study on the routine care of screening for orthostatic hypotension using an adapted blood pressure self-measurement protocol. Results: 7425 subjects were followed over a 12-year period. The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension was 13%. The number of incident cases of dementia was 512. Survival analyses showed that orthostatic hypotension was associated with an over-risk of dementia in the order of 25% adjusted with blood pressure level. In the second work, a cross-sectional analysis in 1000 subjects showed that orthostatic hypotension was independently associated with both mid-term blood pressure variability and arterial stiffness. Pressure variability and arterial stiffness were not associated. In the third work, we performed 500 series of home blood pressure with a BP measurement in the standing position without altering the quality of the classical report. Conclusion: Orthostatic hypotension is a rich hemodynamic parameter that reflects both a marked vascular ageing and a defect of immediate blood pressure regulation. It is independently associated with the risk of dementia. An improvement in diagnosis is possible through self-measurement of blood pressure, which allows more measurements to be taken in the standing position and improves the screening rate

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44

Trabold, Raimund. "Mechanismen des sekundären Nekrosewachstums nach fokalem kortikalen Trauma mit und ohne arterielle Hypotension." München Verl. Dr. Hut, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989219240/04.

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45

Miller, Veronica M. "Medullary pathology in ageing-related autonomic disorders : carotid sinus hypersensitivity and orthostatic hypotension." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435568.

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46

O'Brien, Alastair John. "An investigation of the mechansms underlying hypotension and vascular hyporeactivity in septic shock." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435525.

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47

Amini, Richard, Lori A. Stolz, Nicholas C. Hernandez, Kevin Gaskin, Nicola Baker, Arthur Barry Sanders, and Srikar Adhikari. "Sonography and hypotension: a change to critical problem solving in undergraduate medical education." Dove Press, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617204.

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UA Open Access Publishing Fund
Study objectives: Multiple curricula have been designed to teach medical students the basics of ultrasound; however, few focus on critical problem-solving. The objective of this study is to determine whether a theme-based ultrasound teaching session, dedicated to the use of ultrasound in the management of the hypotensive patient, can impact medical students’ ultrasound education and provide critical problem-solving exercises. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using an innovative approach to train 3rd year medical students during a 1-day ultrasound training session. The students received a 1-hour didactic session on basic ultrasound physics and knobology and were also provided with YouTube hyperlinks, and links to smart phone educational applications, which demonstrated a variety of bedside ultrasound techniques. In small group sessions, students learned how to evaluate patients for pathology associated with hypotension. A knowledge assessment questionnaire was administered at the end of the session and again 3 months later. Student knowledge was also assessed using different clinical scenarios with multiple-choice questions. Results: One hundred and three 3rd year medical students participated in this study. Appropriate type of ultrasound was selected and accurate diagnosis was made in different hypotension clinical scenarios: pulmonary embolism, 81% (95% CI, 73%–89%); abdominal aortic aneurysm, 100%; and pneumothorax, 89% (95% CI, 82%–95%). The average confidence level in performing ultrasound-guided central line placement was 7/10, focused assessment with sonography for trauma was 8/10, inferior vena cava assessment was 8/10, evaluation for abdominal aortic aneurysm was 8/10, assessment for deep vein thrombus was 8/10, and cardiac ultrasound for contractility and overall function was 7/10. Student performance in the knowledge assessment portion of the questionnaire was an average of 74% (SD =11%) at the end of workshop and 74% (SD =12%) 3 months later (P=0.00). Conclusion: At our institution, we successfully integrated ultrasound and critical problemsolving instruction, as part of a 1-day workshop for undergraduate medical education

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48

Demeure, Dit Latte Dominique. "Hypotension controlee : interet de l'association d'une perfusion de diltiazem au nitroprussiate de sodium." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT234M.

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49

Cordonnier, Anne-Laure. "Mise en place d'un essai clinique de phase IV : étude de l'efficacité de la midodrine dans le traitement de l'hypotension orthostatique secondaire à la prise de psychotropes." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P152.

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50

Hothi, D. K. "An investigation into the mechanisms, consequences and moderators of intradialytic hypotension in paediatric haemodialysis." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/17442/.

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The relationship between hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity has long been recognised. However evidence is mounting implicating hypotension and not hypertension as the predominant risk factor for mortality. I demonstrated a 20-30% prevalence of intradialytic symptoms and hypotension in children during conventional, 4 hour haemodialysis (HD) sessions. The declining blood pressure (BP) was originally believed to be caused by ultrafiltration (UF) and priming of the HD circuit due to loss of fluid from the intravascular space. However data, largely in adults, challenged this hypothesis leading to a new consensus that intradialytic hypotension has a multifactorial aetiology. The uraemic milieu triggers a series of events that alters the cardiovascular compensatory responses to haemodynamic stresses, however the extent to which these physiological responses are impaired and their consequences are unknown and poorly understood. At first I corroborated adult findings that a poor correlation existed between relative blood volume changes and intradialytic hypotension in children, supporting the theory that fluid removal alone was not responsible for cardiovascular decompensation during HD and this assumption was a gross oversimplification of the underlying problem. Using a traditional method (endocardial wall motion) and a novel method (Speckle tracking 2-dimensional strain) I then measured the regional left ventricular (LV) function in children (aged 2 to 17 years) at the start of dialysis and again during peak stress at the end of HD. I found rising cardiac troponin I levels in 25% of the cohort and reduced regional LV function in all the children examined. The level of dysfunction significantly correlated with actual BP, the degree of intradialytic BP fall and UF volumes. What remains unclear however is whether the fall in BP was the cause or effect of the ischaemic cardiac injury. Finally I investigated dialysis methods for abrogating intradialytic morbidy in children treated with four hour HD sessions. A step sodium profile from 148mmol/l to 138mmol/l, prophylactic mannitol and sequential dialysis were successful, to variable degrees in attenuating intradialytic symptoms or hypotensive episodes. Intradialytic midodrine was exclusively used in one patient resistant to all other forms of therapy and was found to be the most efficacious in supporting the BP and preventing hypotension.

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