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Journal articles on the topic 'Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Honour, J. W. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis." Respiratory Medicine 88 (August 1994): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(05)80035-6.

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2

Kirnap, Mehmet, Hulusi Atmaca, Fatih Tanriverdi, Osman Ozsoy, Kursad Unluhizarci, and Fahrettin Kelestimur. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis." HORMONES 7, no. 3 (2008): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14310/horm.2002.1206.

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3

Gordon, D., C. G. Semple, G. H. Beastall, and J. A. Thomson. "A study of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal suppression following curative surgery for Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal adenoma." Acta Endocrinologica 114, no. 2 (1987): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1140166.

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Abstract. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis was investigated in all six patients requiring glucocorticoid replacement 2.5–11 years after unilateral adrenalectomy for adrenal adenomas causing Cushing's syndrome. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis was assessed by insulin induced hypoglycaemia and CRF testing in each patient. Two patients showed normal cortisol and ACTH responses to hypoglycaemia. Two patients showed subnormal cortisol responses to hypoglycaemia in the presence of high or normal basal ACTH concentrations. ACTH concentrations increased with both hypoglycaemia and CRF. T

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4

Chez, Ronald A. "Fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 183, no. 5 (2000): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mob.2000.107737.

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5

Musselman, Dominique L., and Charles B. Nemeroff. "Depression and Endocrine Disorders: Focus on the Thyroid and Adrenal System." British Journal of Psychiatry 168, S30 (1996): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000298504.

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Of the various hypothalamic–pituitary–end organ axes, the thyroid and adrenal systems have been implicated most often in affective disorders. Patients with primary thyroid disease have high rates of depression, and patients with Addison's disease or Cushing's syndrome have relatively high rates of affective and anxiety symptoms. However, the major support for these endocrine axes in the pathophysiology of mood disorders comes from studies in which alterations in components of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axes have been documented in pati

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6

ARATÓ, MIHÁLY, CSABA M. BANKI, CHARLES B. NEMEROFF, and GARTH BISSETTE. "Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Suicide." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 487, no. 1 Psychobiology (1986): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb27905.x.

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7

BATEMAN, ANDREW, AVA SINGH, THOMAS KRAL, and SAMUEL SOLOMON. "The Immune-Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis*." Endocrine Reviews 10, no. 1 (1989): 92–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/edrv-10-1-92.

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8

Altamura, A. Carlo. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in schizophrenia." Biological Psychiatry 40, no. 6 (1996): 560–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(96)85271-1.

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9

Lilly, Michael P. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal—Immune Axis." Archives of Surgery 127, no. 12 (1992): 1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1992.01420120097017.

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10

Watson, Paddy Burges. "The hypothalamic/pituitary/adrenal axis revisited." Stress Medicine 5, no. 3 (1989): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smi.2460050303.

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11

Keller‐Wood, Maureen. "Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis—Feedback Control." Comprehensive Physiology 5, no. 3 (2015): 1161–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2015.tb00644.x.

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ABSTRACTThe hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal axis (HPA) is responsible for stimulation of adrenal corticosteroids in response to stress. Negative feedback control by corticosteroids limits pituitary secretion of corticotropin, ACTH, and hypothalamic secretion of corticotropin‐releasing hormone, CRH, and vasopressin, AVP, resulting in regulation of both basal and stress‐induced ACTH secretion. The negative feedback effect of corticosteroids occurs by action of corticosteroids at mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and/or glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) located in multiple sites in the brain and in the

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12

Kalaria, Tejas, Mayuri Agarwal, Sukhbir Kaur, et al. "Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis suppression – The value of salivary cortisol and cortisone in assessing hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal recovery." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 57, no. 6 (2020): 456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563220961745.

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Background The 0.25 mg short synacthen test is used to assess recovery from hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal suppression due to chronic glucocorticoid administration. We assessed the potential role of salivary cortisol and cortisone in predicting hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal function using the short synacthen test as the gold standard test. Method Between 09:00 and 10:30, salivary and blood samples were collected just prior to a short synacthen test to assess hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis recovery in patients previously treated with oral glucocorticoids. The cut-off for a normal short sy

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13

Paul, Bidisha, Zachary R. Sterner, Daniel R. Buchholz, Yun-Bo Shi, and Laurent M. Sachs. "Thyroid and Corticosteroid Signaling in Amphibian Metamorphosis." Cells 11, no. 10 (2022): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11101595.

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In multicellular organisms, development is based in part on the integration of communication systems. Two neuroendocrine axes, the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal/interrenal axes, are central players in orchestrating body morphogenesis. In all vertebrates, the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis controls thyroid hormone production and release, whereas the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal/interrenal axis regulates the production and release of corticosteroids. One of the most salient effects of thyroid hormones and corticosteroids in post-embryonic developmen

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14

Zapanti, Evangelia, Konstantinos Terzidis, and George Chrousos. "Dysfunction of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis in HIV infection and disease." HORMONES 7, no. 3 (2008): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14310/horm.2002.1200.

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15

Miller, Walter L. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: A Brief History." Hormone Research in Paediatrics 89, no. 4 (2018): 212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000487755.

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The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is central to homeostasis, stress responses, energy metabolism, and neuropsychiatric function. The history of this complex system involves discovery of the relevant glands (adrenal, pituitary, hypothalamus), hormones (cortisol, corticotropin, corticotropin-releasing hormone), and the receptors for these hormones. The adrenal and pituitary were identified by classical anatomists, but most of this history has taken place rather recently, and has involved complex chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, and clinical investigation. The integration of the HPA

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16

Tian, Yu-Feng, Cheng-Hsien Lin, Shu-Fen Hsu, and Mao-Tsun Lin. "Melatonin Improves Outcomes of Heatstroke in Mice by Reducing Brain Inflammation and Oxidative Damage and Multiple Organ Dysfunction." Mediators of Inflammation 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/349280.

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We report here that when untreated mice underwent heat stress, they displayed thermoregulatory deficit (e.g., animals display hypothermia during room temperature exposure), brain (or hypothalamic) inflammation, ischemia, oxidative damage, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis impairment (e.g., decreased plasma levels of both adrenocorticotrophic hormone and corticosterone during heat stress), multiple organ dysfunction or failure, and lethality. Melatonin therapy significantly reduced the thermoregulatory deficit, brain inflammation, ischemia, oxidative damage, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axi

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17

Igaz, Péter, Károly >Rácz, Miklós Tóth, Edit Gláz, and Zsolt Tulassay. "Treatment of iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome: questions of glucocorticoid withdrawal." Orvosi Hetilap 148, no. 5 (2007): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2007.27964.

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Iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome is the most common form of hypercortisolism. Glucocorticoids are widely used for the treatment of various diseases, often in high doses that may lead to the development of severe hypercortisolism. Iatrogenic hypercortisolism is unique, as the application of exogenous glucocorticoids leads to the simultaneous presence of symptoms specific for hypercortisolism and the suppression of the endogenous hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The principal question of its therapy is related to the problem of glucocorticoid withdrawal. There is considerable interindividual va

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18

Wand, Gary S. "Alcohol and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary–Adrenal Axis." Endocrinologist 9, no. 5 (1999): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019616-199909000-00003.

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19

Stokes, Peter E., and Carolyn R. Sikes. "Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Psychiatric Disorders." Annual Review of Medicine 42, no. 1 (1991): 519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.42.020191.002511.

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20

&NA;. "Dexamethasone suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 753 (1990): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199007530-00052.

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21

KARIMA A. ABDEL KHALAK, M.D.*;, HANAN A. E. ABDELNABY, M. Sc *. and. "Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis in Asthmatic Children." Medical Journal of Cairo University 92, no. 09 (2024): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjcu.2024.389770.

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22

Besnier, Emmanuel, Thomas Clavier, and Vincent Compere. "The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis and Anesthetics." Anesthesia & Analgesia 124, no. 4 (2017): 1181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000001580.

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23

Imrich, Richard, and Jozef Rovenský. "Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Rheumatoid Arthritis." Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 36, no. 4 (2010): 721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rdc.2010.09.003.

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24

HARBUZ, M. S., G. L. CONDE, O. MARTI, S. L. LIGHTMAN, and D. S. JESSOP. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Autoimmunity." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 823, no. 1 Neuropsychiat (1997): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48393.x.

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25

Young, Elizabeth A., and William Coryell. "Suicide and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis." Lancet 366, no. 9490 (2005): 959–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67348-5.

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26

Thorén, Marja, Carina Stenfors, Bo Apéria, and Aleksander A. Mathé. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis interaction with prostaglandins." Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 14, no. 3 (1990): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-5846(90)90020-h.

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27

Daban, C., E. Vieta, P. Mackin, and A. H. Young. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis and Bipolar Disorder." Psychiatric Clinics of North America 28, no. 2 (2005): 469–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2005.01.005.

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28

MEROLA, B., S. LONGOBARDI, A. COLAO, et al. "Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Neuropsychiatric Disorders." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 741, no. 1 Neuroimmunomo (1994): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb23109.x.

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29

Papadimitriou, Anastasios, and Kostas N. Priftis. "Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis." Neuroimmunomodulation 16, no. 5 (2009): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000216184.

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30

Blackburn, Susan. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis During Pregnancy." Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing 24, no. 1 (2010): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jpn.0b013e3181cf5bec.

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31

Hermus, A. R. M. M., and C. G. J. Sweep. "Cytokines and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis." Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 37, no. 6 (1990): 867–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-0760(90)90434-m.

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32

Chalew, Stuart, Heinz Nagel, and Shirah Shore. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Obesity." Obesity Research 3, no. 4 (1995): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1995.tb00163.x.

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33

Gupta, Deepashree, and John E. Morley. "Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal (HPA) Axis and Aging." Comprehensive Physiology 4, no. 4 (2014): 1495–510. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2014.tb00585.x.

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AbstractHuman aging is associated with increasing frailty and morbidity which can result in significant disability. Dysfunction of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis may contribute to aging‐related diseases like depression, cognitive deficits, and Alzheimer's disease in some older individuals. In addition to neuro‐cognitive dysfunction, it has also been associated with declining physical performance possibly due to sarcopenia. This article reviews the pathophysiology of HPA dysfunction with respect to increased basal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol secretion, decreas

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34

Kobzina-Didukh, D. S. "The influence of scorpion venom on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (review)." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 28, no. 3 (2024): 524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2024-28(3)-24.

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Annotation. Scorpion venom is an important subject of research because of its potential impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which plays a key role in regulating the body's stress response. Studying this effect may contribute to the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of stress and endocrine disorders. The purpose of this study is to review modern scientific sources devoted to the study of scorpion venom on the organs of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. For this, a search for literary sources related to the research topic in the period 2014-2024 wa

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35

Ozcan, Lale. "A new player in hunger games." Science Translational Medicine 11, no. 499 (2019): eaay3569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aay3569.

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36

Gifford, Robert M., Thomas J. O’Leary, Sophie L. Wardle, et al. "Reproductive and metabolic adaptation to multistressor training in women." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 321, no. 2 (2021): E281—E291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00019.2021.

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We characterized reproductive endocrine adaptation to prolonged arduous multistressor training in women. We identified marked suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis function during training but found no evidence of low energy availability despite high energy requirements. Our findings suggest a complex interplay of psychological and environmental stressors with suppression of the HPG axis via activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. The neuroendocrine impact of nonexercise stressors on the HPG axis during arduous training should be considered.

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37

Zhang, Dongyun, and Anthony P. Heaney. "Nuclear Receptors as Regulators of Pituitary Corticotroph Pro-Opiomelanocortin Transcription." Cells 9, no. 4 (2020): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9040900.

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The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis plays a critical role in adaptive stress responses and maintaining organism homeostasis. The pituitary corticotroph is the central player in the HPA axis and is regulated by a plethora of hormonal and stress related factors that synergistically interact to activate and temper pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) transcription, to either increase or decrease adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production and secretion as needed. Nuclear receptors are a family of highly conserved transcription factors that can also be induced by various physiologic signals, an

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38

Alkalay, Arie L., Jeffrey J. Pomerance, Asha R. Puri, et al. "Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Function in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Treated With Dexamethasone." Pediatrics 86, no. 2 (1990): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.86.2.204.

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The effect of dexamethasone therapy on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function was prospectively investigated in very low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Ten infants (mean ± SD birth weight 825 ± 265 g, gestation 25.8 ± 1.9 weeks, postnatal age 33.1 ± 17.7 days) initially received intravenous dexamethasone, 0.5 mg/kg per day for 3 days, and then were weaned over a period of 45 ± 19.0 days to a replacement dose, followed by a metyrapone test. Morning plasma cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol levels were measured before and after an oral metyrapone dose given at midnight. F

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39

Brooks, A. N., and J. R. G. Challis. "Regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in birth." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 66, no. 8 (1988): 1106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y88-182.

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In sheep an increase in fetal pituitary–adrenal function, reflected in rising concentrations of plasma ACTH and cortisol, is important in relation to fetal organ maturation and the onset of parturition. This review presents evidence that implicates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in the control of parturition and describes recent experiments that explore in detail the maturation of the fetal hypothalamus and pituitary in relation to fetal adrenal function. Recent improvements for the measurement of ACTH in unextracted plasma and the ability to maintain vascular catheters in chronically

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40

Poliak, S., F. Mor, P. Conlon, et al. "Stress and autoimmunity: the neuropeptides corticotropin-releasing factor and urocortin suppress encephalomyelitis via effects on both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the immune system." Journal of Immunology 158, no. 12 (1997): 5751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.158.12.5751.

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Abstract Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) exerts a major role in the stress response. Both CRF and urocortin, a newly discovered neuropeptide homologous to CRF, suppressed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Suppression of paralysis with CRF involved stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and inhibitory effects on an encephalitogenic T cell line. While CRF increased glucocorticoid production, which is known to block EAE, it also suppressed EAE in adrenalectomized rats, where glucocorticoid stimulation via CRF plays no role. Moreover, the encephalitogenicity of

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41

Markosyan, R.L., and L.V. Navasardyan. "Central Precocious Puberty as a Sign of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Case Presentations." International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition 9, no. 4 (2020): 188–90. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4247.2020.09.04.5.

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Central precocious puberty results from the premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Rarely congenital adrenal hyperplasia and/or its inappropriate treatment can be a peripheral cause of CPP. There are very few case reports of this etiology. Chronic mildly to moderately elevated adrenal androgens or intermittent hyperandrogenemia in congenital adrenal hyperplasia may trigger the precocious activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, leading to CPP. In the current work, we describe 6 cases of late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia associated with central pre

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42

Bailey, Michael, Harald Engler, John Hunzeker, and John F. Sheridan. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Viral Infection." Viral Immunology 16, no. 2 (2003): 141–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/088282403322017884.

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43

Johnson, Karen L., and Cindy Renn RN. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Critical Illness." AACN Clinical Issues: Advanced Practice in Acute and Critical Care 17, no. 1 (2006): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00044067-200601000-00006.

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44

Imrich, R. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in ankylosing spondylitis." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 63, no. 6 (2004): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2003.006940.

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45

Pyter, Leah M., Jaimie D. Adelson, and Randy J. Nelson. "Short Days Increase Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responsiveness." Endocrinology 148, no. 7 (2007): 3402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-1432.

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46

Bussone, Gennaro, Massimo Leone, Boris M. Zappacosta, et al. "Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Evaluation in Cluster Headache." Cephalalgia 11, no. 11_suppl (1991): 244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102491011s11131.

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47

Arnett, Melinda G., Lisa M. Muglia, Gloria Laryea, and Louis J. Muglia. "Genetic Approaches to Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Regulation." Neuropsychopharmacology 41, no. 1 (2015): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2015.215.

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48

Morsi, Amr, Donald DeFranco, and Selma F. Witchel. "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and the Fetus." Hormone Research in Paediatrics 89, no. 5 (2018): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000488106.

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Glucocorticoids (GCs), cortisol in humans, influence multiple essential maturational events during gestation. In the human fetus, fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, fetal adrenal steroidogenesis, placental 11β- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity, maternal cortisol concentrations, and environmental factors impact fetal cortisol exposure. The beneficial effects of synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs), such as dexamethasone and betamethasone, on fetal lung maturation have significantly shifted the management of preterm labor and threatened preterm birth. Accumulating

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49

Tsigos, Constantine, and George P. Chrousos. "Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, neuroendocrine factors and stress." Journal of Psychosomatic Research 53, no. 4 (2002): 865–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00429-4.

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50

Kjaer, A., P. J. Larsen, U. Knigge, and J. Warberg. "Histaminergic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis." Endocrinology 135, no. 3 (1994): 1171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.135.3.8070360.

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