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1
Shah, Jay Narayan. "Acknowledgement: for the reviewers of Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences." Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences 7, no. 3 (December 29, 2020): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpahs.v7i3.33928.
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We from the editorial team greatly appreciate the reviewers for your time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not in the JPAHS- Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all the reviewers for your generous contribution.
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Lefoe, Geraldine E. "Editorial 10.2." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.10.2.1.
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Welcome to the second edition of the Journal of University Learning and Teaching Practice for 2013. It is also the final edition involving my co-editor Dr Meg O’Reilly from Southern Cross University, Australia. It is always hard to say goodbye to a colleague who has made a substantial contribution to the ongoing success of our journal and this is no exception. Meg has taken a significant workload with allocating papers for review and coaxing reviewers to submit on time. She has an amazing ability to provide insightful comments to authors, and her contributions to keeping the journal on track and on time have involved sheer hard work. She has moved to take a leadership role in the Research in Learning Technology journal where I know she will again improve processes and communication for all involved. We wish her well and really appreciate the contributions she has made to JUTLP.
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Benova, Lenka, Sarah Neal, Emma G. Radovich, David A. Ross, Manahil Siddiqi, and Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli. "Using three indicators to understand the parity-specific contribution of adolescent childbearing to all births." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 6 (November 2018): e001059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001059.
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IntroductionA strong focus on sexual and reproductive health of female adolescents is a key to achieving sustainable development goals, due to the large size of the current cohort in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and adolescents’ biological and social vulnerability. Several indicators of fertility among adolescents are in wide use, but the contribution of adolescent births to all births is poorly understood. We propose and calculate a package of three indicators capturing the contribution of adolescent births to all births, stratified by parity (first and second/higher).MethodsWe used Demographic and Health Survey data for 30 LMICs and vital registration for two high-income countries (to calculate levels and trends across a range of countries) for three time periods: 1990–1999, 2000–2009 and 2010–2015. The three indicators were calculated overall and by age thresholds (<16, <18 and <20 years) and exact ages, for each country and time point. Patterns of changes in indicators for the three cumulative thresholds over time are described.ResultsIn the 30 LMICs, the percentage of all live births occurring to adolescents varied across countries, with a median of 18% for adolescents <20 years. Three countries (Jordan, Indonesia and Rwanda) had levels below 10%; Bangladesh had the highest at 33%. The contribution of adolescent first-order births to all first-order births was high; a median of 49%. Even among second-order and higher-order births, the contribution of adolescent childbearing was appreciable (median of 6%). Over the period under examination, the proportion of adolescent births among all live births declined in the majority of the LMICs.ConclusionThese three indicators add to our understanding of the scale of adolescent childbearing and can be used in conjunction with population estimates to assess the absolute need for age-appropriate and parity-appropriate reproductive, maternal and newborn healthcare and to monitor progress in improving young people’s health.
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Muhammed Yahaya, Abdulkadir, Adenike Montiliat, and Hajara Salahudeen. "The impact of Covid-19 lockdown on socio-economic activities in Kaduna State, Nigeria." Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship 2, no. 1 (September 25, 2020): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/joste.v2i1.547.
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Purpose: Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic affects social and economic activities all over the world. This study analyses the impact of lockdown caused by the pandemic in Kaduna State, Nigeria, so that the public can appreciate it and take adequate measures to curb it. Research methodology: A total of 370 questionnaires were administered to traders, worshippers, parents and marketers. The interview was also conducted in mosques and churches, markets and houses to collect data during and after the Covid-19 lockdown. The data were collected within a month from Tuesday 21 May 2020 to 21 June 2020. Results: The results reveal that 67% of the respondents see commercial activities doing well before the lockdown, but only 12% during the lockdown and a further 59% after the lockdown. The results also revealed that 56% of the respondents see educational acquisitions doing well before the lockdown, 13% during and 24% after the lockdown. The results further show that 60%, 10% and 53% were for before, during and after the lockdown, respectively, for religious activities. Limitation: The data was not collected before the lockdown but only during and after. This might not give highly reliable data for one of the data was organised not at the exact time of the incidence. Contribution: The study will help both public and private organisations appreciate the difficulties caused by the lockdown in the state so as to find alternative ways of cubbing the pandemic subsequently. The study can also be replicated in some areas with similar characteristics. Keywords: Impact, Covid-19, Lockdown, Socio-economic activities
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Reine, Barbara A. "From the News and Commentary Editor." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, no. 1 (February 1998): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927698210087.
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It is with much pleasure and gratification that I encourage you to read the messages from the presidents of the five societies for whom Microscopy and Microanalysis is the official journal. Each of the five presidents graciously agreed to write a message for this first issue of 1998. Writing such messages is often a burden on an already overtaxed schedule and we very much appreciate the effort they all have made. These contributions reflect one of the primary goals of the News and Commentary, that is, to be an arena for contributions from all of the societies affiliated with the journal—contributions of interest to a broad spectrum of microscopists. We hope to truly make this journal an endeavor reflecting international exchange and cooperation. Again, I thank these presidents for taking the time to write these words. So please, respect this effort and take the time to read their comments. The five presidential messages are presented in the order of their listing on the front cover of the journal, which reflects the order in which the particular society became affiliated with Microscopy and Microanalysis.
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Al-'Alwani, Taha Jabir. "The Islamization Of Methodology Of Behavioral Sciences." American Journal of Islam and Society 6, no. 2 (December 1, 1989): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v6i2.2823.
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All praise and thanksgiving are for Allah (SWT) Lord of the universe,and peace and blessings be upon the Seal of the Prophets (es), his kinand all his companions, and upon all who follow him and are guided by hisMessage, until the Day of Judgment.Brothers and sisters: it gives me great pleasure to welcome you all inthe name of the International Institute of Islamic Thought at the beginningof this conference, the fourth in its series of international conferences. Weare happy and appreciate that this conference is being hosted by the Sudan,and is being held in cooperation with the University of Khartoum, to discussa matter of great importance to this Ummah: The Reform of the Methodologyof Islamic Thought, and Ways of Islamizing the Behavioml Sciences. Undoubtedly,these sciences form the general basis for the social sciences andhumanities.This is indeed the first time that the Institute has held one of its internationalconferences in an Arab country, under the auspices of a Muslim Arabpresident from an historical family whose deep concern for attempting to effectreform in this Ummah is well-known. For the benefit of the good peopleof this country, and for the audience here, we should briefly but accurately outlinethe aims and objectives of this Institute, its achievements so far, and itsmost important plans and projects, so that individuals are able to determinethe part each can play as well as the extent of their possible participation inand contribution to this good work.Many years ago, and after numerous conkrences and exhaustive studiesand consultations on the present situation of our Ummah, in addition to extensiveanalysis of our past as well as our futm aspirations, an idea crystallizedin the minds of a group of young committed Muslims. They were convincedthat the crisis of this Ummah in both essence and reality is an intellectual ...
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T., Heera Shenoy, Sheela T. Shenoy, Anaswara T., and Remash K. "Analysis of caesarean delivery using Robson ten group classification system at a tertiary care teaching institute in Kerala, India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 5 (April 29, 2019): 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20191956.
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Background: Globally, the caesarean delivery rate is rising continuously, making caesarean one of the most common surgical procedures. The Robson classification, appreciated by WHO in 2014 and FIGO in 2016 is widely accepted, risk-based, ten-group classification system (TGCS) developed specifically to assess caesarean section rates. The aim of this study was to know the rate of Caesarean section in present hospital, to analyse the Caesarean sections based on Robson’s classification and to determine the contribution and significance of each group on the overall number of Caesarean sections.Methods: All women, who gave birth by Caesarean deliveries done over a period of 1 year (January 2018-December 2018) in Travancore Medical College Hospital in South Kerala India.Results: Group 5 (previous LSCS, single, cephalic >37 weeks) made the greatest contribution to the Caesarean section rate (27.24%). The second highest contributor was Group 2 (Nulliparous, singleton, cephalic, >37 weeks induced labour or caesarean section before labour followed by Group 10 (all single cephalic <36 weeks including previous CS) 18.78%.Conclusions: Limiting the CS rate in low-risk pregnancies is key to lowering the trend of increased CS. If TGCS is used uniformly, CS rates can be compared over time and between units, both nationally and internationally.
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Favoreu, Louise. "La justice constitutionnelle en France." Les Cahiers de droit 26, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 299–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042667ar.
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The 1958 Constitution provided France with a constitutionally based system of justice and although this had been contrary to French traditions — and consequently apprehended at that time — the system has progressively developed and become one of the main elements of the French constitutional regime and at the same time, one of its most dynamic and appreciated components. This article presents the French Constitutional Council: its status, composition and operations. It maps out areas in which this body has had to intervene and, above all, it analyses the jurisprudence of the Council and notes that its most impressive contribution lies in the field of the constitutional review of laws and its main objective, basic personal freedoms. The conclusion of this study is that French constitutional law has undergone radical modifications under this system and that in the future, it has become a fertile ground for comparative studies for the Canadian jurist due to the constitutional review of laws in the name of personal freedoms.
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Varshneya, Geetika, Gopal Das, and Arpita Khare. "Experiential value: a review and future research directions." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 35, no. 3 (May 2, 2017): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-05-2016-0075.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the academic literature on the experiential value to appreciate the developments in the area in the last decade; propose a conceptual framework delineating the determinants and outcomes of experiential value and provide future research directions based on the insights. Design/methodology/approach A range of online databases were searched to review and select the papers related to experiential value. The full text of each of the papers was taken as a unit of analysis. The classification and coding of all the selected papers was performed manually by two independent researchers. Findings The analysis led to the classification of the experiential value literature broadly into five categories, i.e. conceptualization, measurement, antecedents, outcomes and applications. The findings indicated that the experiential value delineates across cultures, store formats, channels and product categories. The proposed framework depicting antecedents and outcomes could form a basis for future studies. The study unveiled several other useful findings as discussed in the paper. Research limitations/implications The findings may be generalized only to the selected online databases for the given time period in the experiential value domain. The study identified several potential avenues for future research. Practical implications The present study may help the academicians and practitioners to comprehend the current state of literature. The bibliography may be considered as a ready reference for contemplating future research in the area. Originality/value The extant literature revealed that no study so far has captured a literature review in the area of experiential value. Thus, this could be seen as a unique and significant contribution to the literature.
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Lodberg, Peter. "Grundtvig i økumenisk perspektiv." Grundtvig-Studier 49, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/grs.v49i1.16276.
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Grundtvig in an Ecumenical PerspectiveBy Peter LodbergN.F.S. Grundtvig’s theology has often been perceived as a uniquely Danish phenomenon. This has resulted in a failure to appreciate the ecumenical themes in his theology and has precluded a positive consideration of what impulses his comprehensive work may have added to the ecumenical debate about such issues as practical theology, ecclesiology, and the relationship between Scripture and tradition.The article points out that in order to understand Grundtvig’s church view it is absolutely essential to begin with the Danish version of a classical discussion in ecumenical theology: the relationship between justification and church, christology and ecclesiology, as it manifested itself in the discussion between Grundtvig and H.N. Clausen about the nature of Catholicism and Protestantism.In Kirkens Gienmæle (The Rejoinder of the Church), Grundtvig rejects the attempt by modem Protestantism to establish a fundamental difference between the two versions of the understanding of Christianity in the Western Church as far as the question of the relationship between justification and church is concerned. According to Grundtvig, such an attempt is bound to end in heresy, since it fails to appreciate the actual historical church as the bearer of God’s salvation in the world. Instead Grundtvig emphasizes an ecumenical ecclesiology, starting from a common confession of the Apostles’ Creed, Baptism and Communion, which are the unifying elements of all Christians, regardless of differences in theological dogma. Hence follows that there is no fundamental difference between Catholicism and Protestantism, but a shared basic view as far as the content and celebration of faith is concerned.Thus, what Grundtvig achieves is a theological freedom to remain critical of the transformations undergone by the historical church in its many confessional and national versions through the ages. But at the same time this means that there is a decisive systematic-theological point in emphasizing that Grundtvig always speaks about the Christian Church before he speaks about the confessional or national church. It should be stressed at the same time that the all-Christian church is not invisible or an unattainable ideal, but a historical fact when the congreation is gathered for divine service. Here the Gospel and the Holy Communion is administered to people, so the faith must live in their hearts.Grace is thus inseparable from and dependent on the sacramental presence as it is experienced in the church which is the congregation celebrating divine service. Thus the way has been opened for a positive consideration of Grundtvig’s contributions to ecumenical theology.
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Hayashi, Haruo, and Go Urakawa. "Special Issue on Effective Emergency Management: A Geographic Approach." Journal of Disaster Research 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2010.p0003.
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This special issue introduces 12 papers on a variety of best practices for effective emergency management using geospatial database and geographic information system (GIS). The first seven papers are grouped under GIS in action, show how GIS is used for different disaster reduction services. In response to the 2007 Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki Earthquake, GIS maps have been a part of Niigata PrefectureGovernment Emergency Operation Center work to aid in decisionmaking by providing Common Operational Picture (COP) as detailed by Tamura et al. A victim database was used as the key for integrated victim support in Kashiwazaki City in long-term recovery as detailed by Inoguchi et al. The success of GIS-based postdisaster operations vastly impacts on local governments in Wajima City, hit by the 2007 Noto Hanto Earthquake, where the use of GIS continued and expanded as an effective tool for building local government agency response capacity as detailed by Ura et al. In Kashiwazaki, the failure to apply municipal integrated GIS in postdisaster operations changed GIS policy to a less expensive service-oriented GIS readily available for local government agency use as detailed by Honma et al. A nationwide GIS map archive for researchers contains maps created at different disaster response stages as detailed by Nawa et al. Visualization of disaster impact using GIS is a powerful tool for disaster mitigation and preparedness, with impact by a worst-case-scenario magnitude 7.3 Tokyo Metropolitan earthquake as detailed by Suzuki et al. Design principles for visualization are reviewed by Urabe et al. In Japan, damage certification is used as the basis for deciding public and private support eligibility for quake victims, making it imperative for local governments to issue certification based on housing damage assessment results as soon and as fairly as possible. Based on practices in Kashiwazaki City following the 2007 Niigataken Chuetsu-oki earthquake, damage to 64,000 household footprints was assessed within one month as detailed in the last five papers. Two papers cover GIS-based data acquisition in housing damage assessment - PDA-assisted real-time input as detailed by Tonosaki et al., and OCRassisted paper result conversion as detailed by Higashida et al. In addition to housing damage assessment data, preexisting residential and housing databases should be integrated. Basic principles for creating this new database using GeoWrap are detailed by Yoshitomi et al. and implemented for Kashiwazaki as detailed by Matsuoka et al. In anticipating future disasters, a proposal to integrate local government operations both daily routine and emergency management was made by Urakawa et al. We appreciate the support of the Special Project for Governance in Ubiquitous Society (2007-2009) by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Special Project for Metropolitan Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in Tokyo Metropolitan Area (2007-2011) by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (MEXT). Lastly, we would like to appreciate all the authors for their wonderful contribution as well as all the blind reviewers for their dedication to make this issue more valuable.
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Hegarty, R. S. "Genotype differences and their impact on digestive tract function of ruminants: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 5 (2004): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02148.
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Physiological factors that cause between-animal variation in digestive function were evaluated as possible selection traits to achieve improved growth and feed-use efficiency by ruminants. Comparative studies of the digestive function of Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle, as well as selection lines of dairy cows and sheep were reviewed to determine the scope and significance of diversity in rumen function. All investigations indicated differences in digesta retention time between genotypes. Therefore, the digesta retention time, either the total mean retention time (MRT) or the ruminal retention time (RRT), may be suitable selection traits for improving animal productivity.Differences in MRT and RRT may affect animal productivity by changing the number and diversity of rumen microorganisms, the volatile fatty acid (VFA) pattern, the composition and maintenance energy requirement of the microbes, and thus the energetic efficiency of microbial growth. Further effects associated with changed RRT include a possible reduction in methane production and increased long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) synthesis in the rumen, which may consequently affect the energetic efficiency of the ruminant. It is concluded that despite strong evidence of genetic diversity in gut function, the central role of MRT and RRT in digestive metabolism has not been fully appreciated, nor have their contribution to productivity differences among livestock of similar or divergent genotypes been adequately investigated.
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Chang, Yunhua, Kan Huang, Mingjie Xie, Congrui Deng, Zhong Zou, Shoudong Liu, and Yanlin Zhang. "First long-term and near real-time measurement of trace elements in China's urban atmosphere: temporal variability, source apportionment and precipitation effect." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 16 (August 20, 2018): 11793–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11793-2018.
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Abstract. Atmospheric trace elements, especially metal species, are an emerging environmental and health concern with insufficient understanding of their levels and sources in Shanghai, the most important industrial megacity in China. Here we continuously performed a 1 year (from March 2016 to February 2017) and hourly resolved measurement of 18 elements in fine particles (PM2.5) at the Shanghai urban center with an Xact multi-metals monitor and several collocated instruments. Mass concentrations (mean ± 1σ; ng m−3) determined by Xact ranged from detection limits (nominally 0.1 to 20 ng m−3) to 15 µg m−3. Element-related oxidized species comprised an appreciable fraction of PM2.5 during all seasons, accounting for 8.3 % on average. As a comparison, the atmospheric elements concentration level in Shanghai was comparable with that in other industrialized cities in East Asia but 1 or 2 orders of magnitude higher than at sites in North America and Europe. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to identify and apportion the sources of the elements in the PM2.5 mass. Five different factors were resolved (notable elements and relative contribution in parentheses): traffic-related (Ca, Fe, Ba, Si; 46 %), shipping (V, Ni; 6 %), nonferrous metal smelting (Ag, Cd, Au; 15 %), coal combustion (As, Se, Hg, Pb; 18 %) and ferrous metal smelting (Cr, Mn, Zn; 15 %). The contribution from the exhaust and non-exhaust vehicle emissions, i.e., the traffic-related factor shows a strong bimodal diurnal profile with average concentration over 2 times higher during the rush hour than during nighttime. The shipping factor was firmly identified because V and Ni, two recognized tracers of shipping emissions, are almost exclusively transported from the East China Sea and their ratio (around 3.2) falls within the variation range of V ∕ Ni ratios in particles emitted from heavy oil combustion. Interestingly, nearly half of the K was derived from coal combustion with high mineral affinity (elements associated with aluminosilicates, carbonates and other minerals in coal ash). The contributions of nonferrous metal smelting to the trace elements are consistent with a newly developed emission inventory. Although the precipitation scavenging effect on the mass concentration of the trace elements varied among different species and sources, precipitation could effectively lower the concentration of the traffic- and coal combustion-related trace elements. Therefore, water spray to simulate natural types of precipitation could be one of the abatement strategies to facilitate the reduction of ambient PM2.5 trace elements in the urban atmosphere. Collectively, our findings in this study provide baseline levels and sources of trace elements with high detail, which are needed for developing effective control strategies to reduce the high risk of acute exposure to atmospheric trace elements in China's megacities.
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Nowacki, Horst. "Leonhard Euler and the Theory of Ships." Journal of Ship Research 52, no. 04 (December 1, 2008): 274–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2008.52.4.274.
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On April 15, 2007, the scientific world commemorated Leonhard Euler's 300th birthday. Euler's eminent work has become famous in many fields: mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, astronomy, and geodesy, even in the theory of music. This article will recall his no less distinguished contributions to the founding of the modern theory of ships. These are not so widely known to the general professional public. In laying these foundations in ship theory, as in other fields, Euler was seeking "first principles, generality, order and above all clarity." This article will highlight those achievements for which we owe him our gratitude. There is no doubt that Leonhard Euler was one of the founders of the modern theory of ships. He raised many fundamental questions for the first time and through all phases of his professional lifetime devoted himself to subjects of ship theory. Thereby he gave a unique profile to this still nascent scientific discipline. Many of his approaches have been of lasting, incisive influence on the structure of this field. Some of his ideas have become so much a matter of routine today that we have forgotten their descent from Euler. This article will synoptically review Euler's contributions to the foundation of this discipline, will correlate them with the stages of Euler's own scientific development, embedded in the rich environment of scientific enlightenment in the 18th century, and will appreciate the value of his lasting aftereffects until today. The same example will serve to recognize the fertile field of tension always existing between Euler's fundamental orientation and his desire to make contributions to practical applications, which has remained characteristic of ship theory to the present day. Without claiming completeness in detail, this article aims at giving a coherent overview of Euler's approaches and objectives in this discipline. This synopsis will be presented primarily from the viewpoint of engineering science in its current stage of development.
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Levy, A. "Physiological implications of pituitary trophic activity." Journal of Endocrinology 174, no. 2 (August 1, 2002): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1740147.
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A complete inventory of pituitary trophic responses depends on precise estimates of mitotic activity and apoptotic events, and accurate characterization and quantification of pituitary cell subtypes irrespective of previous and current physiological demand. For a discrete structure that has been so extensively studied, it is disappointing but perhaps not surprising that none of these measures is available and therefore that the relative contributions to changes in the proportions of pituitary cellular subpopulations of trophic activity, differentiation of pluripotent cells and variations in the secretory profiles of apparently committed cells remain almost impossible to determine. To fully appreciate the extent of this dilemma, it should be remembered that conservative estimates of the proportion of corticotrophs in the rat anterior pituitary under basal conditions vary over twofold and that it is still not clear whether the apparent threefold increase in mammotrophs during pregnancy is the result of maturation of uncommitted cells, transdifferentiation of other cells such as somatotrophs, cell division, or a mixture of all three. Equally, while it has been known for some time that adrenalectomy results in a transient increase in anterior pituitary mitotic activity and appropriately timed supraphysiological glucocorticoid replacement with a wave of apoptosis, the precise identity of the cells involved in both of these responses is open to question. Thus, although many of the physiological stimuli associated with apparent changes in the proportions of pituitary cellular subpopulations are known, the precise mechanism of the changes and the consequences of the same remain obscure. This review summarizes the limited literature on pituitary trophic activity and asks what, if anything, analysis of pituitary trophic activity using current technology can tell us.
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Kaire, Sandra. "Significant artifacts in schools: teacher and pupil perspectives." Journal of Education Culture and Society 7, no. 2 (September 10, 2016): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20162.131.149.
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Drawing on the recent research ‘Dominant and demotic school culture: analysis of tensions fields’ this paper analyses found artifacts in 6 different Lithuanian secondary schools. The visual data was collected by making images of places and artifacts which were mentioned during the walks in the school territory with one teacher and one pupil afterwards. The analysis of images focuses particularly on two aspects: a) which artifacts are significant for teachers and pupils in the schools? b) What do these artifacts mean for teachers and pupils? Therefore, the analysis is based on comparing walks among teachers and pupils in all schools. The analysis shows obvious differences on re/presented artifacts among teachers and pupils. The teachers emphasized and showed those artifacts which on one way or another represent their schools’ achievements, like pupils’ sport achievements, pupils’ artworks, and honored pupils’ displays, and were related with aspects of pride. The paper argues the possible reasons for the importance of pride in schools. Meanwhile, pupils were highlighting spaces they like to gather around during non-learning time. Pupils appreciate less visible places because it is possible to have some privacy there. As analysis shows, different sitting artifacts (chairs, sofas, beanbags) play an important role for creating such private pupils’ ‘oases’. On the other hand, such artifacts, as pupils’ artworks, information displays, and sport achievements, seem to be meaningful for pupils if they were contributing in the creation process or were mentioned in these artifacts.
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Gabetta, Giovanna. "Thirty-five years in environmentally assisted cracking in Italy: a point of view." Corrosion Reviews 33, no. 6 (November 1, 2015): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2015-0065.
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AbstractIn this paper, I will attempt to summarize my experience of approximately 35 years on environmental fatigue damage, which I gained from industries outside Milan, Italy, and as a visiting scientist at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC. I will present a brief summary of my understanding of the topic of environmentally assisted fatigue of metals. About halfway in my career, I moved from the nuclear industry towards the oil and gas industry. This shift allowed me to understand that environmentally assisted cracking, which is an important topic for pipeline steels, is also similar to the nuclear pressure vessel steel community and that the problems are similar. At the same time, I became aware that the scientific communities are not working well to communicate the issues and challenges. People working in one industrial sector do not seem to appreciate the contribution from another industrial sector. This is understandable, as there are industrial rules and regulations. Because of such constraints, a knowledge gap is introduced into the technical community. This lack of cooperation slows down the progress of relevant research, especially nowadays, when we are facing increasingly complex service situations that may lead to failures. While trying to cope with such difficulties, I became interested in knowledge management. I learned that there is a need to build bridges between contemporary science, engineering, and business. We are facing big challenges in analyzing failures, and maybe it is time to do things differently and consolidate different disciplines of engineering with applications that can give us more reliable predictions. Organizations and companies worldwide are currently facing (a) increasing quantity of available information on material usage, (b) increasing number of people with high education in science and engineering, (c) increasing complexity of the failure problems to be solved, and (d) increasing lack of communication between institutions. It is estimated that the material loss in the US due to corrosion alone is approximately $300 billion per year. The necessity of knowing, understanding, and processing such complex data and problems is a very large task. Thus, there is a need for exploiting the technical information and using communication technology tools to help support teamwork, networking, using available experience and expertise, and, hopefully, international cooperation. Knowledge management involves a cultural change to stimulate a better use of all types of resources. Progress will be slow and difficult if we do not learn how to cope with this new situation.
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Chinasho, Alefu, Bobe Bedadi, Tesfaye Lemma, Tamado Tana, Tilahun Hordofa, and Bisrat Elias. "Evaluation of Seven Gap-Filling Techniques for Daily Station-Based Rainfall Datasets in South Ethiopia." Advances in Meteorology 2021 (August 18, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9657460.
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Meteorological stations, mainly located in developing countries, have gigantic missing values in the climate dataset (rainfall and temperature). Ignoring the missing values from analyses has been used as a technique to manage it. However, it leads to partial and biased results in data analyses. Instead, filling the data gaps using the reference datasets is a better and widely used approach. Thus, this study was initiated to evaluate the seven gap-filling techniques in daily rainfall datasets in five meteorological stations of Wolaita Zone and the surroundings in South Ethiopia. The considered gap-filling techniques in this study were simple arithmetic means (SAM), normal ratio method (NRM), correlation coefficient weighing (CCW), inverse distance weighting (IDW), multiple linear regression (MLR), empirical quantile mapping (EQM), and empirical quantile mapping plus (EQM+). The techniques were preferred because of their computational simplicity and appreciable accuracies. Their performance was evaluated against mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), skill scores (SS), and Pearson’s correlation coefficients (R). The results indicated that MLR outperformed other techniques in all of the five meteorological stations. It showed the lowest RMSE and the highest SS and R in all stations. Four techniques (SAM, NRM, CCW, and IDW) showed similar performance and were second-ranked in all of the stations with little exceptions in time series. EQM+ improved (not substantial) the performance levels of gap-filling techniques in some stations. In general, MLR is suggested to fill in the missing values of the daily rainfall time series. However, the second-ranked techniques could also be used depending on the required time series (period) of each station. The techniques have better performance in stations located in higher altitudes. The authors expect a substantial contribution of this paper to the achievement of sustainable development goal thirteen (climate action) through the provision of gap-filling techniques with better accuracy.
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Chow, Esther, and Sai-Fu Fung. "Narrative Group Interventions to Rediscover Life Wisdom Among Hong Kong Chinese Older Adults: A Waitlist RCT Study." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.260.
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Abstract Objectives: To recognize, and rejuvenate the life wisdom of Hong Kong Chinese older adults, a new strength- and meaning-based Narrative Therapy (NT) in practice is developed, with two objectives: to examine its effectiveness in enhancing wisdom; and to test the longer-term effects at 2 and 8 months respectively. Method: A waitlist randomised controlled trial (RCT) design was used. A total of 157 older adults were recruited, 82 of which was randomly assigned to 12 intervention groups to receive four 2-hour NT sessions using the ‘Tree of Life’ metaphor, to assess perceived wisdom at baseline (T1), at the end of treatment (T2), and at two (T3) and 8 months after treatment (T4). Results: Participants in the NT group showed significant improvements in the wisdom outcome measure [F(2.726, p = 0.041)]. As such, the results of latent growth curve models with time-invariant covariates for impact of NT on wisdom scores suggested significant effects two months after treatment (T3) with controlled the effects of age, gender and educational level [TML(11) = 17.306, p = 0.098, RMSEA = 0.079, CFI = 0.960]. Most improvements were sustained at 2- and 8-months post intervention. No adverse reaction was recorded in any of the cases mentioned at all study sites. Conclusion: The findings have significant theoretical contributions for professional social work practice to ground a new theory in understanding wisdom in older adulthood, develop a new clinical practice that appreciate and celebrate life wisdom, and a practice guide to be disseminated among health and social care practitioners.
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Schmid, G. H., K. P. Bader, and R. Schulder. "A Study on the Life Time of the S3-State in the Filamentous Cyanobacterium Oscillatoria chalybea." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 49, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1994): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1994-1-216.
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In the filamentous cyanobacterium Oscillatoria chalybea deactivation of the S-states starting from steady-state conditions in which S0 = S1 = S2 = S3 = 25% reveals that S3 deactivates to a finite level of approx. 10%. This level is reached under normal conditions between 10-15 seconds. This quasi metastable S3 meets all requirements for S3 in that one flash eliminates this redox conditions to give S4 and therewith molecular oxygen. An analysis of the cyanobacterial S-state system in the 5-state Kok model shows that the S-state population in the dark adapted sample contains no contribution from S-1 or a more reduced condition which under normal conditions is the case for Chlorella or higher plant chloroplasts. Hence under standard conditions, the Oscillatoria condition is a pure Kok-4-condition in which S0 is the most reduced state. Under these conditions S2 seems to deactivate to S1 and S3 to S2 and to a smaller extent to S0. In the presence of the ADRY-reagent Ant-2-p (2-(3-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl)- anilino-3,5-dinitrothiophene) introduced by Renger (Biochim. Biophys. Acta 256,428,1972), which is supposed to specifically act on the S3-state (and thereby on S2), not only the deactivation kinetic of S3 (and S2) is accelerated (hence the life time of the S3-state is shortened), but also the level of metastable S3 becomes practically zero. An analysis of the deactivation pattern shows that the agent changes the mode of deactivation of the entire system. Thus, it is seen that after deactivation of a sample in presence of this agent the dark population of S-states contains the more reduced redox condition S-1 It looks as if in this condition S2 deactivates not only to S1 but also to an appreciable extent by two steps to S-1 Another agent ABDAC (alkyl-benzyl-dimethyl-ammoniumchloride) seems to lengthen the lifetime of the S2 and S3 condition in this cyanobacterium by apparently acting on the membrane condition.
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Brîndescu, Sorin. "Study on the psycho-motor profile of the central defender in Romanian football compared to European football." Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal 6, no. 11 (December 1, 2013): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tperj-2013-0014.
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Abstract The stage reached nowadays in the development of the game of football throughout the world, as a result of the effort and concern of specialists and players for continuous improvement of the game, inevitably led to the development of new well-established ideas and solutions about the manner of playing, the game and training system, the selection and promotion of players. All this made the performance level be very high at present, both nationally and especially internationally, and this can only be achieved by players whose performance capacity is particularly large and growing. A special contribution in solving these problems has been brought and will be brought further by scientific research, both the fundamental one which studies essentially the mass basis of performance football in all its conceptual complexity, and the applicative one which addresses more limiting issues but still definite, specific to the practice and methodology of football at this level. Moreover, until now there have been numerous studies with an applicative nature joined by many specialists worldwide through research studies conducted over the years. Thus, it can be appreciated that most of the issues regarding the effective contact time with the ball are identified by the manner in which the possession of the ball is gained and lost. Therefore, we compared the two competitions, the players involved, depending on their position in a team. We want the results to be mostly a support for the advanced training of football players at all divisionary levels, with the possibility of achieving specific training plans and stages.
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Malkawi, Fathi Hasan. "Remembering Ibn Rushd." American Journal of Islam and Society 15, no. 2 (July 1, 1998): vii—xi. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v15i2.2175.
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This year is the 800th anniversary of Ibn Rushd's (1128-1198) death.Our editorial is dedicated to his memory as a great Muslim scholar. Hislegacy is one of the greatest contributions to human understanding andintellectual scholarship. The occasion deserves much more than an editorial.This issue reports on a conference celebrating Ibn Rushd'sachievements and later this year MISS will have a report on the seminarthat the International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) is organizing inAmman, Jordan, honoring his work. In this editorial I will try to clarifyIbn Rushd's place in Islamic Intellectual history and underscore his contributionsto the development of philosophical, theological, and scientificthought in the Muslim and Western worlds.Although Ibn Rushd has an important position in the Islamic intellectuallegacy, his contributions have not received due recognition in theMuslim world. Even among those who are aware of his works, to a greatextent, he has been misunderstood and misrepresented, and his positionhas undergone multiple distortions. We feel it is essential to understandhis work free of historical and contemporary ideological biases and distortionsin order to fully comprehend the problems and concerns thatmotivated Muslim scholars and provided the framework for Islamicthought. It is also important that we understand the reasons why he wasnot given the place he deserves in the Islamic heritage and why he isoften misinterpreted.Ibn Rushd was a great integrator of knowledge. He was a preeminentphysician and a prominent judge of his time. He was also a philosopherand theologian. His mastery of knowledge demonstrated two dimensions-he was both encyclopedic and specialist. In the areas of his specializations-medicine, jurisprudence, and philosophy-he was a masterwithout peer. Ibn Rushd had two outstanding qualities. He was extremelyintelligent and he was also extraordinarily just and fair in his approachto religion. It is important that we understand and appreciate his unprejudicedapproach to the study of religion. Indeed, it is one of his most distinctivequalities.Ibn Rushd was a committed Muslim and a very humble man. Thishumility manifests itself in his writings as well as in his methodology.His search for truth allowed him to explore all sources, including earlyGreek philosophers. He believed that we must examine all sources, even ...
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Zhou, Xiaojun, and Taihe Zhang. "The Effect of Electron Microscopy on Pathological Diagnosis of Neoplasm." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (August 12, 1990): 248–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100158789.
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Although electron microscopy (EM) has contributed enormously to an understanding of the structural intricacies of tumor cells, the usefulness of EM in pathological diagnoses of neoplasms has not been readily appreciated by general pathologists. In the present study, 223 tumors submitted for EM diagnosis were analyzed in an attempt to gain further information concerning the contribution of EM to tumor diagnosis.223 neoplasms were submitted to EM for their final diagnoses when histopathological diagnoses were obscure, which represented about of the total number of surgical tumor specimens. Most specimens were taken at the time of frozen section diagnosis and a small number of tissues were originally fixed informaldehyde. All of tissues were fixed with buffered glutaradehyde, postfixed with osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon 812. Ultrasections were made after semith in sections were examined to verify that representative tumor tissues were present. Thin sections were stained with uranium acetate and lead citrate, and examined under JEM-1200 EX electron microscope. In selected cases, mainly with neuroendocrine tumors, nickel grid-mounted sections were subjected to post embedding immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) using protein A-gold for more detailed functional classification. Protein A-gold probes were prepared as Wang and co-workers described.
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Office, Editorial. "Letter of Editor." Journal of Internal Medicine: Science & Art 1 (November 25, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36013/jimsa.v1i1.29.
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In the Universe, time is tirelessly moving into the Future. Each new unit of time is a witness of the birth of new ideas, current events, modern lives. Our consciousness determines their significance.
Today's vitality of the Planet Earth is determined by our friendship, tolerance, compassion, positive emotions, and enjoyment of each other's successes.
Our personal space (each of us!) includes natural resources, information networking, individuals' consciousness, perception of the world, different points of view, correct and incorrect decisions, and actions. We all challenge kindness in Eternity, regardless of everyone's beliefs and religions. We are looking for the aspiration and holidays of a SOUL.
We all coming to the Great Holliday Season. And the whole world is waiting for the Miracle of Hope to come on a New Year. We wish you and your family a Happy Holidays! We hope that your New Year will be filled with Peace, new ideas, and success!
These days, the Editors of the «Journal of Internal Medicine Science and Art,» a new journal born in the tough 2020, are fully confident in this journal project's viability and success, its effectiveness in the professional informational space of medical professionals, and experts.
We are opened to new scientific and clinical research discussions and ideas. We, under no circumstances, will put up with informational deprivation. We are pleased with your desire to share research findings, new ideas, discuss results and cases with the international medical community to benefit our patients.
We welcome international cooperation in the critical fields of Global Human Health using our journal's pages. We are open to effective partnerships with authors, experts, reviewers, and medical practitioners to advance medical knowledge.
We appreciate everyone who contributed to our success this year. It has been an honor and a pleasure working with you! We are thankful for your professionalism, science, and educational support; that was a real pleasure working with you. Thank you for the opportunity to serve you!
As the year ends, we think our relationship will continue in 2021: we are looking forward to contributing to the future medical field's success.
Our sincerest warm greetings, and all good wishes to you; let your days be filled with happiness, success, and prosperity in the coming NEW Year!
"Every end is a new beginning."
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van Galen, LS, W. van der Schors, NL Damen, Mark H. H. Kramer, C. Wagner, and Prabath WB Nanayakkara. "Measurement of generic patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in an acute admission unit: A feasibility study." Acute Medicine Journal 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0595.
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Objective: Measuring patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is a challenge in Acute Admission Units (AAUs), where patients present with a variety of pathologies. Generic PROMs may be used to measure the quality of care in this population. The main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of measuring generic PROMs in a Dutch AAU. Design: Longitudinal cohort study Setting: An AAU of a tertiary hospital in Amsterdam, the Netherlands Participants: 123 patients admitted to the AAU during 5 weeks in May and June 2015 Methods: Patients admitted to the AAU were asked to fill out a questionnaire relating to three time points: 7 days before, during, and within 2 weeks after admission. Additionally, patients were asked to report on their experienced level of safety on the AAU and the contribution of the AAU to their recovery. Results: There were significant trends in generic PROMs for all three domains. Physical functioning decreased during hospital admission and almost fully returned to the previous level after discharge. Satisfaction with social role and anxiety significantly decreased over time. Conclusions: Measuring generic PROMs in the AAU is feasible. The analysis of the PROMs took little effort and results could be reported back to the healthcare workers on the AAU quickly. Patients appreciated being asked about their own perceived health and the quality of care. Given that this is the first study focusing on PROMs in AAU patients in the Netherlands, future studies with larger sample sizes, and from other nations are needed to further investigate PROMs in this patient group to establish International reference values.
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McTaggart-Cowan, Ron, Thomas J. Galarneau, Lance F. Bosart, Richard W. Moore, and Olivia Martius. "A Global Climatology of Baroclinically Influenced Tropical Cyclogenesis*." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 6 (June 1, 2013): 1963–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00186.1.
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Abstract Tropical cyclogenesis is generally considered to occur in regions devoid of baroclinic structures; however, an appreciable number of tropical cyclones (TCs) form in baroclinic environments each year. A global climatology of these baroclinically influenced TC developments is presented in this study. An objective classification strategy is developed that focuses on the characteristics of the environmental state rather than on properties of the vortex, thus allowing for a pointwise “development pathway” classification of reanalysis data. The resulting climatology shows that variability within basins arises primarily as a result of local surface thermal contrasts and the positions of time-mean features on the subtropical tropopause. The pathway analyses are sampled to generate a global climatology of 1948–2010 TC developments classified by baroclinic influence: nonbaroclinic (70%), low-level baroclinic (9%), trough induced (5%), weak tropical transition (11%), and strong tropical transition (5%). All basins other than the North Atlantic are dominated by nonbaroclinic events; however, there is extensive interbasin variability in secondary development pathways. Within each basin, subregions and time periods are identified in which the relative importance of the development pathways also differs. The efficiency of tropical cyclogenesis is found to be highly dependent on development pathway. The peak efficiency defined in the classification subspace straddles the nonbaroclinic/trough-induced boundary, suggesting that the optimal environment for TC development includes a baroclinic contribution from an upper-level disturbance. By assessing the global distribution of baroclinically influenced TC formations, this study identifies regions and pathways whose further study could yield improvements in our understanding of this important subset of TC developments.
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Shurson, Gerald C. "“What a Waste”—Can We Improve Sustainability of Food Animal Production Systems by Recycling Food Waste Streams into Animal Feed in an Era of Health, Climate, and Economic Crises?" Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 30, 2020): 7071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177071.
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Food waste has been a major barrier to achieving global food security and environmental sustainability for many decades. Unfortunately, food waste has become an even bigger problem in many countries because of supply chain disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic and African Swine Fever epidemic. Although Japan and South Korea have been leaders in recycling food waste into animal feed, countries that produce much greater amounts of food waste, such as the United States and the European Union, have lagged far behind. Concerns about the risk of transmission of bacteria, prions, parasites, and viruses have been the main obstacles limiting the recycling of food waste streams containing animal-derived tissues into animal feed and have led to government regulations restricting this practice in the U.S. and EU. However, adequate thermal processing is effective for inactivating all biological agents of concern, perhaps except for prions from infected ruminant tissues. The tremendous opportunity for nitrogen and phosphorus resource recovery along with several other environmental benefits from recycling food waste streams and rendered animal by-products into animal feed have not been fully appreciated for their substantial contribution toward solving our climate crisis. It is time to revisit our global approach to improving economic and environmental sustainability by more efficiently utilizing the abundant supply of food waste and animal tissues to a greater extent in animal feed while protecting human and animal health in food animal production systems.
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Ivanenko, Valentyn V. "Master of Ukrainian Medieval Studies (Memoirs on the Anniversary of Professor M. P. Kovalskyi)." Universum Historiae et Archeologiae 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/26190101.
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On the basis of personal memoirs and observations the research dwells on some fragments of the life and creative biography of a well-known Ukrainian historian, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine, Professor M. P. Kovalskyi during his work at the Dnipropetrovsk Classical University (1963–1994). It has been emphasized that it was during this period of time that M. P. Kovalskyi formed as a scientist and prominently revealed himself as one of the greatest researchers of the Ukrainian Middle Ages, especially the national source studies of historical heritage of the 16th and the first half of the 17th centuries. His scientific works as well as his contribution to the development of historical science is well-known and appreciated not only in Ukraine, but also in the European historical and professional spheres. The powerful school of source studies created by the scientists along with other world-famous scientific centers of our higher educational establishment over different generations, has remained in the historical memory of the university community as a symbol and inspirational example of true asceticism in science. The most essential imperatives of professional and life credo of M. P. Kovalskyi were a high general and academic culture, an amazing hard work, purposefulness, perseverance, intelligence, erudition, sociability, active citizenship, patriotism, honesty, modesty, decency, all of which made him a popular acknowledged scientist and authoritative scholar, a teacher, and an extraordinary, outstanding person.
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González Ramírez, Carolina Margarita, Marek Baran, Pedro Dono López, and Inmaculada Carbonell Sánchez. "Consumos lectores entre adolescentes: Un abordaje comparado desde contextos internacionales. El caso de Polonia, Chile y Portugal." Investigaciones Sobre Lectura, no. 13 (May 11, 2020): 137–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37132/isl.v0i13.300.
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This contribution evaluated aspects, such as the frequency of reading, formats, and reading preferences, of secondary school students from Poland, Chile, and Portugal. For this, we started with the data obtained from a questionnaire on reading interests and frequencies, answered by 491 schoolchildren from the referred countries (175 Poles, 178 Chileans, and 138 Portuguese), on which a contrastive analysis was carried out with the aim of observing whether the strategies for promoting and consolidating reading habits should follow similar or divergent guidelines in each of the contexts. The comparison of the results indicates low reading frequencies are common to all the countries of the study, highlighting the lack of interest in reading periodicals (newspapers and magazines) and comics, although in leisure time (particularly on holidays) respondents show a greater interest in reading. Their preferences are oriented toward the adventure genre, which is followed by books on romantic themes, science fiction, mystery, terror, and humor. As for specific works and authors, we found a very heterogeneous and diverse panorama for each country. They show, in general terms, a penchant for paper in relation to reading support (e-books, in particular, are not particularly appreciated); however, a large contingent of schoolchildren are indifferent to the format. Digital reading is largely dominant in social networks. The analysis of the results reveals an important confluence in the three contexts analyzed, pointing in general to a low frequency and motivation toward reading, which is why common strategies are proposed to enhance the reading habits of Polish, Chilean, and Portuguese schoolchildren.
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Syeed, Sayyid M. "EDITORIAL." American Journal of Islam and Society 8, no. 3 (December 1, 1991): v—viii. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v8i3.2601.
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Once again it is our pleasure to have the “Guiding Light” from AbdulHm-d AbiiSulaymh under a specific title. He has arranged relevant versesfrom the Qur’an and the sayings of the Prophet to discuss the civilizationalvalue of cleanliness. This approach has been appreciated by our readership.In this issue of AJISS, Ghulam-Haider Aasi sketches the relativelyunknown contribution of Muslim scholars to the history of religions and theirrole as the true founders of this discipline. It is important for present-dayMuslim historians and social scientists to realize how their predecessorsconceived the reality of sociohistorical phenomenon, a view which was basedupon religious ideas and practices. The history of humanity for Muslim scholarswas the history of ideas and values, for they saw religion as the core andbasis of all human culture and civilization and all other branches of knowledgeas being directly related to and dependent upon the science of religion. Inhis brief paper, Aasi has brought to our attention an unexplored legacy which,if mentioned at all, is only done so casually and very briefly by the Westernscholars of Islam. This unique and volumnious literature, Aasi says, still awaitsits readers, analysts, critics, and translators.Khalid Blankinship, writing on the periodization of history, shows howthe supposedly “world” history taught in the West has a strong Eurocentricbias, which is reflected in the currently acceptable division of history intoancient, medieval, and modem times based on what was happening in theWest (i.e., Europe) at that time. He shows through his analysis of this three partperiodization of history how the narrow parochial origins of the Westernvision of history goes back to the idea that only Western European civilizationis worthy of study. He also shows the limitations of the traditional Muslimhistorians, who tended to be largely isolationist in their accounts, and ofthe assimilating Muslim modernizers, who have accepted the subordinationof their history and ideas to materialist viewpoints of the West.Blankinship argues that in light of the universality of tawhid, based onhis assertion that the history of humanity is essentially a quest to know God,all human traditions contain elements that are more or less close to Islamand therefore worthy of study. He demonstrates that from an Islamic pointof view, history is the universal property of everyone. As an alternative tothe current Eumcentric periodhation, Blankinship postulates dividmg historicaleras based on the approximate date of 600 CE, which he claims is a watershed ...
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Perniola, Michele, Pier Paolo Roggero, Michael D. Casler, Davide Cammarano, and Michele Rinaldi. "Editorial." Italian Journal of Agronomy 15, no. 1 (March 19, 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ija.2020.1624.
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The Italian Society of Agronomy (SIA) has changed the Editor in Chief and the Editorial board of the Italian Journal of Agronomy (IJA). The new Editorial board is being integrated with new expertise and includes three Associate editors: Michael D. Casler from USDA-ARS, USA, Davide Cammarano from Purdue University, USA and Michele Rinaldi from Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Italy, the former co-editor. The Editorial board is redeveloping the Journal with a more pro-active publishing policy, that is consistent to the changing editorial demand of agronomy scientists worldwide. The international scientific publishing industry is facing a sharp transition, pulled by the increasing demand of rapid publication in the publish-or-perish or highly-cited paradigm and pushed towards full open access publishing by research funders and end-users. Minimizing the time between manuscript submission and paper publication is threatening the quality of the peer-review process, which is constrained by time pressure on highly qualified scientists, who end up being overloaded with reviews and editorial duties. The open access scientific journal industry is struggling between increasing the impact factor/cite score of the journals and maximizing the number of published articles, which is directly proportional to the publisher’s business. This is generating an increasing number of open access scientific publications worldwide: +75% between 2008-10 and 2015-17 in the ‘Agronomy and crop science’ subject category (Source: Scopus) while the non-open access publications in the same domain and time span increased by only +27%. This situation and the evolution of long term open-theme research funding schemes into short-term projectified finalized research funding programs are deeply influencing the topics of research in Agronomy. Long term agronomic facilities and field scale research are becoming rare and are often being replaced by short-term easily-published studies. However, international scientific exchanges are facilitating the development of permanent regional and global networks of researchers (e.g. AgMip, Global Research Alliance) that are developing unprecedented long-term research efforts on global issues around agronomy, involving hundreds of post-docs and young researchers worldwide. In this developing context, the Italian Journal of Agronomy, own by the Italian Society of Agronomy, a non-profit scientific organization, is developing a new editorial policy to contribute to the progress of agronomic science through an open-access, low-cost and authoritative scientific literature space, with particular attention to young scientists. There are number of reasons why an agronomy scientist should publish an article in the Italian Journal of Agronomy, including: i) to get a rapid and careful peer review assessment of the submissions by an authoritative editorial board with specific expertise in Agronomy and receive careful support on how to address major revisions when required; ii) to ensure maximum visibility for published articles through the open access system; iii) to contribute to the agronomic scientific literature through an open access Scopus/WOS scientific Journal owned by a non-profit scientific society at a fair price; iv) to compete for the SIA grants and prizes for best articles or best reviewers of the year. The new editorial policy of IJA includes a more pro-active publishing strategy aiming at widening the arena of international scientists contributing to the journal’s scope, including invited papers and special conditions for the publication of special issues on cutting-edge agronomy topics, promotion of the journal during scientific conferences and events, rewarding of the best articles and peer-reviewers contributing to the journal’s development. IJA is solely focused on the free diffusion of agroecosystem science, not on any other business: we trust that authors and readers will appreciate that IJA’s editorial board members work toward this mission without compensation and that the article fee is necessary only to cover the publisher’s net costs. We are very grateful to the past and new Editorial board and all peer reviewers for their invaluable contribution to the development of our Journal.
Michele Perniola, President of the Italian Society of Agronomy Pier Paolo Roggero, Editor in ChiefMichael D. Casler, Associate EditorDavide Cammarano, Associate EditorMichele Rinaldi, Associate Editor
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Osol, George, Gerard Celia, Natalia Gokina, Carolyn Barron, Edward Chien, Maurizio Mandala, Leonid Luksha, and Karolina Kublickiene. "Placental growth factor is a potent vasodilator of rat and human resistance arteries." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 294, no. 3 (March 2008): H1381—H1387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00922.2007.
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The objectives of this study were to determine whether placental growth factor (PlGF) exerts a vasodilatory effect on rat uterine vessels (arcuate arteries and veins) and to examine regional differences in reactivity by comparing these responses to those of comparably sized mesenteric vessels. We also sought to examine and compare its effects on human uterine and subcutaneous vessels. All vessels were studied in vitro, under pressurized (rat) or isometric wire-mounted (human) conditions, and exposed to a range of PlGF concentrations. Inhibitors of nitric oxide and prostaglandin synthesis were included in an effort to understand the causal mechanism(s). In rat uterine arteries, the effects of receptor inhibition and activation using selective ligands for VEGFR-1 (PlGF) vs. VEGFR-2 (VEGF-E) were determined, and real-time RT-PCR was performed to evaluate the effect of pregnancy on relative abundance of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 message in the vascular wall. PlGF was a potent vasodilator of all vessels studied, with greatest sensitivity observed in rat uterine arteries. Pregnancy significantly augmented dilator sensitivity to PlGF, and this effect was associated with selective upregulation of VEGFR-1 message in the pregnant state. The contribution of nitric oxide was appreciable in rat and human uterine arteries, with lesser effects in rat uterine veins and mesenteric arteries, and with no observable effect in human subcutaneous vessels. Based on these results, we conclude that PlGF is a potent vasodilator of several vessel types in both humans and rats. Its potency and mechanism vary with physiological state and vessel location and are mediated solely by the VEGFR-1 receptor subtype. Gestational changes in the uterine circulation suggest that this factor may play a role in modulating uterine vascular remodeling and blood flow during the pregnant state.
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Manuelidis, Laura, Igor Zaitsev, Pandelakis Koni, Zhi Yun Lu, Richard A. Flavell, and William Fritch. "Follicular Dendritic Cells and Dissemination of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease." Journal of Virology 74, no. 18 (September 15, 2000): 8614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.18.8614-8622.2000.
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ABSTRACT The contribution of immune system cells to the propagation of transmissible encephalopathies is not well understood. To determine how follicular dendritic cells (FDC) may act, we challenged lymphotoxin β null and wild-type (wt) controls with a Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) agent. There was only a small difference in incubation time to clinical disease even after peripheral challenge with low infectious doses (31 in a total of 410 days). Brain pathology with extensive microglial infiltration, identified by keratan sulfate, as well as astrocytic hypertrophy, was also equivalent in all groups despite the fact that null mice had neither FDC nor splenic metallophilic macrophages that filter particulate antigen. Because FDC accumulate pathologic prion protein (PrP) in infected but not wt mice, we studied the cellular distribution of PrP by confocal microscopy. The majority of pathologic PrP collected on the plasma membrane of FDC, as identified by the Ca+2-binding protein S100A. This surface distribution suggested that agent aggregated with pathologic PrP might spread by cell-to-cell contacts. While several types of leukocytes may be involved in agent dissemination, cells of myeloid lineage were found to be infectious. Moreover, perivascular tracks of microglia and abnormal PrP after intraperitoneal inoculation were consistent with hematogenous spread. In summary, FDC are not required for CJD agent spread from the periphery, although FDC may enhance spread through surface accumulation of pathologic PrP. While it is still not clear where the infectious agent replicates, macrophages can sequester appreciable levels of infectivity and hence act as reservoirs for prolonged latent infection.
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Pajarianto, Hadi, and Junaidi Junaidi. "The Contribution of Family Edification, Mutualism, and Kinships Against The Tolerance Values in Tana Toraja." KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture 28, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 234–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19105/karsa.v28i2.3483.
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Indonesia is a multicultural country. It consists of many different races, religion, and ethnicities. That is why the tolerance attitude is important to minimize the intolerance cases which seem to raise lately. Tolerance is an attitude to let anyone to be different and to appreciate the diversity as recognition of human right. Teachers play a strategic role in implementing values of tolerance, by placing diversity within the frame of brotherhood and humanity based. This study uses an ex-post-facto approach. The research instruments used are questionnaires that meet the validity and reliability. It is analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. The finding of this study shows that family edification, mutualism, and kinship have strong correlation with the tolerance attitude of the early childhood teachers in Tana Toraja. Kinship gives the highest contribution to the tolerance attitude of the early childhood teachers in Tana Toraja. It is in line with the characteristic of Toraja’s community who appreciate kinship above all the existing diversities, including the diversity in religion and belief. The kinship in Toraja’s community is bound by Tongkonan which philosophically has a strong sense of brotherhood among extended families (clans), and keeps all the existing diversities aside
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Sallemi, Nourhen, Rim Zouari Hadiji, and Ghazi Zouari. "Governance mechanisms and the Takaful insurance performance: the moderating role of the leader’s seniority." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 12, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-09-2019-0185.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the effect of governance mechanisms (board size, board independence, duality, the Sharia board size, Sharia board meetings and ownership concentration) on the performance of insurance providers of distinguishable Muamalah contracts (wakalah and hybrid), moderated by the length of senior leaders’ servicing time. Design/methodology/approach The full sample includes 21 listed Takaful companies divided into two subsamples – 12 insurance wakalah contracts offered in the South East Asian (SEA) countries and 9 insurance hybrid contracts offered in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries over the period of 2012–2018. The methodology is informed by Baron and Kenny’s (1986) moderation process approach. Findings The results of this study indicate that the larger the size of directors’ board and the higher the number of outside directors, the greater the SEA wakalah Takaful insurance performance. Nondual functions and a larger size of Sharia board along with a highly-concentrated ownership structure have a positive effect on the Takaful insurance performance in both the SEA and GCC regions. Furthermore, the higher the Sharia board meetings, the higher performance of all types of Takaful insurance providers in the sample. As for the moderating effect of the director’s seniority, it is found to negatively moderate the relationship between the governance mechanisms and the Takaful performance in both regions. Originality/value This paper highlights that the leader’s entrenchment stands as an obstructing factor impeding the governance mechanisms from enhancing Takaful performance. Thus, it serves to contribute to clearly understanding the appropriate governance mechanisms usefully fit for a Takaful insurance effective performance, applying the wakalah and hybrid contract types. Such a contribution should be appreciated by the concerned regulators engaged in setting up limited serving periods for the directors whereby the Takaful insurance practice could be efficiently managed and supervised.
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Palmer, S. S., and E. E. Fetz. "Effects of single intracortical microstimuli in motor cortex on activity of identified forearm motor units in behaving monkeys." Journal of Neurophysiology 54, no. 5 (November 1, 1985): 1194–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1985.54.5.1194.
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We examined the magnitude and extent of output effects elicited from focal cortical sites on the activity of individual motor units (MUs) by delivering single-pulse intracortical microstimuli (S-ICMS) (5-15 microA) during isometric wrist activity. Stimulation sites in the precentral gyrus (area 4) were chosen for study if stimulus-triggered averages (stimulus-TAs) of multiunit electromyograms (EMGs) revealed poststimulus facilitation (PStimF) of EMG activity in any of the coactivated wrist muscles. Single MUs were then isolated in the facilitated muscles with a remotely controlled tripolar microelectrode. MUs were identified by their signatures in their parent muscles (from MU-triggered averages of EMGs) and by their firing pattern during ramp-and-hold wrist responses. One objective was to quantify the magnitude and time course of the effects on single MUs by compiling peristimulus histograms of MU firing. The cross-correlation histograms between S-ICMS and MU action potentials showed peaks with onset latencies of 8.8 +/- 1.7 ms (mean +/- SD, n = 64) and durations of 1.8 +/- 1.2 ms (n = 104). The cumulative sums of the correlogram peaks resembled the rising phase of corticomotoneuronal excitatory postsynaptic potentials previously recorded in forelimb motoneurons. Comparison of correlogram peaks with stimulus-TAs of MU potentials suggests that the duration of PStimF of multiunit EMG can be accounted for, in approximately equal proportions, by l) the variation in firing time of single MUs (i.e., the width of the MU correlogram peaks), 2) the width of single MU potentials, and 3) the contribution of different MUs at different latencies. The sizes of the correlogram peaks relative to base line were larger than the PStimF of multiunit EMGs, and increased more rapidly with stimulus intensity, indicating appreciable cancellation in the multiunit records. A second objective was to determine whether S-ICMS affected all the MUs of a facilitated muscle, or only a particular subset. Of 104 MUs sampled in facilitated muscles, 99 (95%) were found to be individually facilitated (P less than 0.05). MU firing patterns during isometric ramp-and-hold torque responses were characterized as phasic, phasic-tonic, tonic, or decrementing; stimulation at a given cortical site was found to facilitate all four types of MUs. When more than one muscle showed PStimF from a site, MUs belonging to each of the facilitated muscles were facilitated individually by S-ICMS at that site.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Kanyi Wamuyu, Patrick. "Closing the Digital Divide in Low-Income Urban Communities: A Domestication Approach." Interdisciplinary Journal of e-Skills and Lifelong Learning 13 (2017): 117–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3885.
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Aim/Purpose: Significant urban digital divide exists in Nairobi County where low income households lack digital literacy skills and do not have access to the internet. The study was undertaken as an intervention, designed to close the digital divide among low income households in Nairobi by introducing internet access using the domestication framework. Background: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have the potential to help reduce social inequality and have been hailed as critical to the achievement of the Sustainable Development goals (SDGs). Skills in use of ICTs have also become a prerequisite for almost all forms of employment and in accessing government services, hence, the need for digital inclusion for all. Methodology: In this research study, I employed a mixed methods approach to investigate the problem. This was achieved through a preliminary survey to collect data on the existence of urban digital divide in Nairobi and a contextual analysis of the internet domestication process among the eighteen selected case studies. Contribution: While there have been many studies on digital divide between Africa and the rest of the world, within the African continent, among genders and between rural and urban areas at national levels, there are few studies exploring urban digital divide and especially among the marginalized communities living in the low-income urban areas. Findings: Successful domestication of internet and related technologies was achieved among the selected households, and the households appreciated the benefits of having and using the internet for the first time. A number of factors that impede use of internet among the marginalized communities in Nairobi were also identified. Recommendations for Practitioners: In the study, I found that use of differentiated costs internet services targeting specific demographic groups is possible and that use of such a service could help the marginalized urban communities’ access the internet. Therefore, ISPs should offer special internet access packages for the low-income households. Recommendation for Researchers: In this research study, I found that the urban digital divide in Nairobi is an indication of social economic development problems. Therefore, researchers should carryout studies involving multipronged strategies to address the growing digital divide among the marginalized urban communities. Impact on Society: The absence of an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) inclusion policy is a huge setback to the achievement of the SDGs in Kenya. Digital inclusion policies prioritizing digital literacy training, universal internet access and to elucidate the social-economic benefits of internet access for all Kenyans should be developed. Future Research: Future studies should explore ways of providing affordable mass internet access solutions among the residents of low-income communities and in eliminating the persistence urban digital divide in Kenya.
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Miyasaka, Hiroshi. "Preface." Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, no. 12 (January 1, 2006): iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac20067812iv.
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The XXIst IUPAC Symposium on Photochemistry was chaired jointly by Profs. Masahiro Irie (Kyushu University, International Committee) and Atsuhiro Osuka (Kyoto University, Local Committee) on 2-7 April 2006 in Kyoto, the beautiful and ancient capital of Japan in the season of cherry blossoms. This series of Symposia was initiated by Prof. George S. Hammond, and the first was held in Strasbourg in 1964. Since then it has been held almost every two years, and this is the first time that it has been held outside Europe.The opening presentation of the Symposium was dedicated to the founding pioneer, Prof. Hammond, who passed away in 2005 at the age of 84. In a eulogy, Prof. David G. Whitten (University of New Mexico) paid a tribute to his memory with an account of his personality and his scientific works in photochemistry and physical organic chemistry.The scientific program of the Symposium featured 25 plenary and invited lectures, and three workshops on the topics "Organic light-emitting diodes: Present and future", "Photocatalysis: Water splitting and environmental purification", and "Photoinduced electron transfer: Present and future". In addition to 462 posters on display, 131 were selected for short oral presentations. The poster sessions were spirited, with the younger participants engaged in stimulating discussions with their more senior colleagues, and the contributions of three young authors were additionally recognized by the award of prizes. The numerous presentations reflected the broad scope and interdisciplinarity of modern photochemistry. The spectrum of topics ranged from the classical fields of inorganic, organic, physical, and theoretical chemistry, to physics, biological chemistry, and materials science. In summary, the exciting scientific program maintained the proud tradition of this series, and demonstrated that photochemistry continues to be a vivid, active, and evolving discipline, some details of which have been introduced by Prof. Jochen Mattay [Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.45, 3570 (2006)]. In addition to the scientific program, the participants and their accompanying guests enjoyed a variety of social and cultural programs provided by the Local Organizing Committee, which took full advantage of the spring season in Kyoto.A highlight of the meeting was the presentation of the Porter Medals, named for 1967 NobelLaureate, George Porter. On this occasion, two medals were awarded, to recognize the outstandingachievements of Prof. Howard E. Zimmerman (University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA), one of thefounders of modern organic photochemistry whose lifetime's work has contributed to our understandingof fundamental processes in excited states, and Prof. Hiroshi Masuhara (Osaka University, Japan)for his pioneering work on the integration of time and spatially resolved measurements on the emergingfields of nanosciences.This issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry offers a representative collection of papers, based upon plenary and invited lectures by the two medallists and a number of internationally recognized scientists, who covered traditional as well as modern photochemistry, and discussed the science as well as related technologies such as materials for photonics, nanotechnology, and photobiology. This demonstrates the broadening scope of photochemistry from an initial central core toward a periphery that is increasingly interactive and interdisciplinary. As editors, we appreciate all the important contributions made by our authors and hope that this collection enables us to convey to readers some of the excitement of photochemistry and the status of recent achievements in the field.Hiroshi MiyasakaMasahiro IrieConference Editors
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Hasty, Olga. "Memory, Consciousness, and Time in Nabokov's Lolita." KronoScope 4, no. 2 (2004): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568524042801400.
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AbstractIn his "Confession of a White Widowed Male," Humbert Humbert, the fictional narrator of Nabokov's Lolita, writes: "I am not concerned with so-called 'sex' at all." In the context of a narrative that centers on his pedophilia, it is difficult to take this assertion seriously. Yet if we do, we come to appreciate that Humbert's sexuality is emblematic of a distinctly modernist response to the perennial question of how to counter temporal passage and the inevitable loss attendant on it. Nabokov's configuration of memory, consciousness, and time in Lolita shows how passage itself might be engaged in the creative enterprise of resisting loss.
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Segal, N. H., D. Reidy-Lagunes, M. Capanu, N. Kemeny, K. Chung, D. Kelsen, E. Hollywood, N. Goodman-Davis, and L. B. Saltz. "Phase II study of bevacizumab in combination with cetuximab plus irinotecan in irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who have progressed on a bevacizumab-containing regimen (The BOND 2.5 Study)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 4087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4087.
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4087 Background: We previously showed that adding bevacizumab (bev) to cetuximab (cetux) plus irinotecan (IRI) in bev-naïve, IRI-refractory CRC patients is feasible, and yielded a favorable response rate and time to tumor progression (TTP) compared with historical controls (Saltz: JCO, 2007). Since most CRC patients now receive a bev-containing regimen prior to cetux, we evaluated the addition of bev to cetux plus IRI (CBI) in patients with metastatic CRC who had previously progressed on chemo + bev. Methods: All patients were naïve to cetux. The importance of KRAS mutation was not appreciated when the trial was designed and this has not yet been evaluated. Patients received IRI at the same dose and schedule as last received prior to study, Cetux 400 mg/m2 loading dose, then weekly at 250 mg/m2, plus Bev 5 mg/kg given every two weeks or 7.5 mg/kg given every three weeks. Results: 33 received treatment. Median age was 58 (range 29–85). Median number of prior regimens was 2 (range 1–2). Median performance status was ECOG 1 (range 0–1). Patients received a median of 2 cycles (range 1–15). Grade 3/4 Toxicities: Acneiform Rash 18%, hypomagnesemia 6%, hypophosphatemia 6%, Neutropenia 15%, Diarrhea 6%. One patient developed neutropenic fever and one patient had a hypersensitivity reaction to cetux. At a median follow up of 32 months (range 21–32 months) in 33 evaluable patients, we observed 3 (9%) partial responses and 11 (33%) patients with stable disease for > 4 months. Median TTP was 3.9 months (95% CI: 1.3 - 6.8). Median survival was 10.6 months (95% CI: 6.6 - 13.8). Conclusions: The toxicity profile was similar to what would have been expected from the individual agents alone. Recognizing the limitations of cross-study comparisons, the response rates and TTP seen with CBI in patients who have previously progressed on bev do not appear to be as encouraging as the 37% response rate and 7.3 months TTP seen in the BOND 2 trial of bev-naïve CRC patients. Ongoing randomized trials, including SWOG 0600, will be needed to definitively determine the contribution of continued use of bev after progression on a bev-containing regimen. Supported by Genentech. [Table: see text]
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Khalaf H Alghamdi, Amani, and Sue L. T. McGregor. "Quality of Academic Life at the Postgraduate Stage: A Saudi Female Perspective." International Journal of Doctoral Studies 16 (2021): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4691.
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Aim/Purpose: Vision 2030 (Saudi Arabia’s national development plan) expects women (50% of all university students) to contribute to a viable economy and ambitious nation, meaning data about their quality of academic life (QAL) during their university experience are timely and significant. They are key players in the nation’s future. Background: This inaugural, exploratory study addresses this under-researched topic by exploring the spiritual, cognitive, physical, social, and psychological dimensions of Saudi female graduate students’ QAL. Methodology: Data comprised the lead author’s reflections and reflexion and interviews with 17 Saudi female graduate students conveniently sampled from Imam Abdul Rahman bin Faisal University (IAU) (Eastern Province) in January 2020. A new Academic Quality of Life Schema was especially designed for this study and future research. Contribution: A Middle Eastern country’s perspective is shared about female graduate students’ QAL from a holistic perspective (spiritual, mind, and body) and through the lens of a new QAL Schema (cognitive, social, and psychological). Findings: Spirituality was the highest rated holistic QAL dimension (76.6%) followed with body (67.4%) and mind (intellect) (58.8%). Despite a generally positive QAL evaluation (67.6%), participants (a) lamented their inability to sustain previous levels of religious devotion and practice, (b) reported health issues with deep emotions and surprise, and (c) experienced dissatisfaction with the educational aspect of their QAL. Regarding the QAL Schema, (a) their lack of research savviness hampered their ability to learn and enjoy the graduate experience; (b) psychological anxiety hampered their ability to connect with the Creator and poor time management and heavy academic workload compromised exercise and leisure with all three causing an imbalanced lifestyle; and (c) social peer camaraderie and positive classroom environments were appreciated. Recommendations for Practitioners: Women’s colleges should (a) collect subjective data about female graduate students’ satisfaction with university services, specialization and teaching decisions, and faculty members’ and peer colleagues’ support; (b) provide and promote services related to places and means of recreation, leisure, and alone time; and (c) ensure that guidance and counseling offices develop strategies to reduce stress and anxiety factors hindering QAL. Recommendation for Researchers: Future studies should use larger sample frames and, for comparative purposes, previously validated empirical QAL instruments. Saudi-based QAL studies should include religion. Mixed methods research designs are recommended as is a gendered comparative study for the gender-segregated Saudi higher education context. Impact on Society: Deeper understandings of Saudi female graduate students’ QAL will facilitate (a) tailored institutional and faculty support leading to higher enrolment levels, (b) stronger knowledge bases and more sophisticated research skills for students and (c) improved labor force participation. Future Research: Over 1/3 of participants felt their academic gains were not as strong as anticipated, yet few commented about teaching staff or teaching methods. Future research should expand inquiries into the educational aspect of QAL as well as the underrepresented social aspect of QAL.
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Markandya, Anil. "Environment and development economics: past, present and future challenges." Environment and Development Economics 19, no. 3 (June 2014): 328–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x14000333.
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The journal Environment and Development Economics has made a major contribution over the last 20 years to our understanding of the ways in which the environment interacts with the process of development. The risks of ignoring environmental considerations was raised at the outset when the journal was launched and the discussion has gone on to become more informed and sophisticated as time has passed. We know more about where development may bring about an improvement in environmental quality and where it may not, unless the right policies are followed. We also better appreciate what those policies are and what challenges governments face in implementing them.
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Ribeiro, Henrique Jales. "Karl Popper and Contemporary Argumentation Theory: the Case of Pragma-Dialectics." Revista Filosófica de Coimbra 30, no. 59 (March 30, 2021): 71–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0872-0851_59_3.
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Virtually for the first time in the known historiography on the present impact of Karl Popper’s philosophy upon the theory of rhetoric and argumentation, this impact is scrupulously analysed and its most important dimensions are highlighted. The author shows how the above impact is crucial to understanding some contemporary schools within the scope of that theory, such as pragma-dialectics. The limitations of Popper’s philosophy are carefully analysed while, on the other hand, the limitations of the theory of rhetoric and argumentation itself are thoroughly discussed, in order to properly appreciate the contribution in question. Globally, it is concluded that Popper’s influence is inescapable.
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Reynolds, Arthur J. "Child development as social action: Reflections on four underrated contributions of Edward Zigler to science and society." Development and Psychopathology 33, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 466–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001777.
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AbstractIn a career spanning six decades, Edward Zigler redefined developmental psychology as the equal integration of scientific inquiry and evidence with social policy formulation and analysis to improve child well-being. The theme of his accumulated work was advancing child development as social action for children and families. Besides early childhood intervention and policy, for which he devoted most of his time, Dr. Zigler did pioneering work in education and school reform, social policy, prevention, child maltreatment, family support, developmental disabilities, and in service to government. In this article, I reflect on four of Dr. Zigler's major contributions to science and society that are underrated and, in many respects, under-appreciated in the larger context of the field. These are (a) historical analysis of Head Start, (b) conceptualization and analysis of motivation as a key component of early childhood program impacts, (c) development of preschool-to-third-grade programs and school reforms, and (d) critical analysis of theory, research, policy, and practice. Together, these and other contributions by Dr. Zigler provide a strong foundation to build a better society for all.
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White, Ross G., Cheryl McGeachan, Gavin Miller, and Sophia Xenophontos. "“Other psychotherapies”: Healing interactions across time, geography, and culture." Transcultural Psychiatry 57, no. 6 (November 24, 2020): 727–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461520948997.
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This article introduces the special issue of Transcultural Psychiatry entitled “Other Psychotherapies”: Healing Interactions across Time, Geographies, and Cultures. This special issue is intended to highlight that, rather than being exclusively a modern phenomenon, variants of psychotherapeutic practice have existed for millennia in diverse sociocultural contexts. This article explores the historical development of Western psychotherapy and points to the important contribution that Greco-Roman scholars from antiquity made to contemporary understandings of mental states and emotional wellbeing. The ways in which healing interactions have been localized to reflect the local cultural and geographic contexts are also highlighted through a discussion of recent work in psychotherapeutic geographies. This allows us to identify commonalities and differences between various forms of psychotherapy. We also consider how particular subcultures may influence the future development of psychotherapy. This article serves to foreshadow the themes that are explored in more detail in the collection of articles that make up the “Other Psychotherapies” special issue. The various articles that contribute to the special issue are introduced, and the key issues explored by these articles briefly highlighted. The intention of the special issue is to facilitate an opportunity to appreciate the ways in which psychotherapies are a product of the epoch, setting, and institutions that shape people’s lives.
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Malkiel, Brenda. "The effect of translator training on interference and difficulty." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 18, no. 2 (December 31, 2006): 337–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.18.2.07mal.
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Twenty-two translation students translated two texts using Translog keystroke-monitoring software, once at the beginning of their studies and again three semesters later. Performance on two measures of interference, lexicalizable strings and false cognates, improved significantly among both the students working into L1 and those working into L2. Students working into L1 found the task as difficult after three semesters as they had at the beginning of their studies. For students translating into their L2, translation did get significantly easier as judged by the objective measures of time and keystrokes, but the students’ subjective assessment of difficulty and satisfaction was unchanged. This study also indicates that students appreciate the contribution of translation theory to practice.
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Kucher, Liudmyla. "“To awaken of an artist in every musician”… : to the 120th anniversary of the birth of I. S. Shteiman." Aspects of Historical Musicology 23, no. 23 (March 26, 2021): 108–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-23.07.
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Problem statement. The article is dedicated to the 120th anniversary of famous Ukrainian conductor, Honored Artist of Ukraine, Professor Israel Solomonovich Shteiman (1901–1983), who devoted more than 55 years of his life to opera conducting. The musician is also famous by his skills in training of opera singersactors to their professional activity, as a head of Opera Studio under the Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts (former Kharkiv Conservatoire and the Kharkiv National University of Arts now). However, in addition to short lines of newspaper chronicles covering the theatrical life of Kharkiv city at that time, the brief background information collected in the archives of art institutions of the city and single memoir pages of his contemporaries (Shasha, 1991; Chepalov, 2012), there are still no special studies on the artist’s work. At the same time, these few sources provide an opportunity to recreate a holistic picture of I. S. Shteiman’s activities as a conductor of the Opera Studio under the Kharkiv National University of Arts and highlight one of the pages of its historical development, which is the goal of this article. The research methodology is based on the ways of analysis and systematization that were used in working with factual material; generalization and historical reconstruction when referring to opera productions by I. S. Shteiman in striving to characterize him as a musician-teacher. The results for discussion. In the period after II World War, many famous conductors worked in the Opera Studio under the Kharkiv Conservatory, but the activity of Israel Shteiman was the most fruitful, long and outstanding one. From 1944 until the end of his life, he was one of the leading conductors of M. Lysenko Kharkiv Opera and Ballet Theater. A characteristic feature of Shteiman-conductor was the ability to penetrate deeply into the composer’s creative concept, an impeccable sense of taste, an attentive and sensitive attitude towards the singer. Having started working at the Vocals Department of Kharkiv Conservatory in 1947, since 1953 I. S. Shteiman became the Opera Studio’s conductor, and from 1973 to 1979 – the Head of Opera Training Department at I. P. Kotlyarevsky Kharkov Institute of Arts. When working with students, I. S. Shteiman infected them with love for creative process, showed and knew how to emphasize the individuality in each of them. Among I. S. Shteiman’s students – Peopl’s Artists of the USSR N. Tkachenko, M. Manoilo, T. Alyoshina, People’s Artists of Ukraine and Russia V. Arkanova, L. Solyanik, L. Sergienko, Honored Artists of Ukraine V. Tryshyn, A. Rezilova, Y. Danilchishin... Since late 1960s, a new trend has emerged in the Opera Studio’s repertoire policy associated with growing interest in the creative work of contemporary composers. Thus, Studio productions of the operas by A. Nikolaev “At the Price of Life” (1967), A. Spadavecchia “The Road to Calvary” (1970), A. Kholminov’s “Optimistic Tragedy” (1972) were called to life by I. S. Shteiman. He believed that a deep disclosure of modern themes requires new thinking not only by composers, but also by singers, and it is crucial to develop this in young actors based on modern repertoire only. Continuing the course for revival of Soviet classics, to commemorate the 30th Anniversary of the Great Victory, I. S. Shteiman together with director L. Kukolev, staged V. Gubarenko’s opera “The Revived May”. The directors managed to reveal vividly all the strengths of the talented opera by this contemporary Ukrainian composer. Farther, the performers of the main parts were successfully working on various opera stages at Ukraine and abroad. Conductor I. S. Shteiman’s individual approach to working with each performer led to positive results – a high performance culture that ensured his performances’ long and successful life and high-quality professional training of singers-actors. From 1982, even after the stopping of his active conducting work, to the end of his life, Israel Shteiman was a professor-consultant at the Opera Training Department of the Kharkiv State Institute of Arts, continuing his life and creative mission – “to awaken of an artist in every musician”… (S. Kussevitsky). Conclusions. So, I. S. Shteiman dedicated practically all of his life to opera conducting. The memorable date is an occasion to analyze and appreciate his contribution to the very difficult and extremely important task of professional education of the opera singers, to pay tribute of respect and gratitude to this extraordinary man and musician. As one of the leading conductors of the Kharkiv M. Lysenko Opera and Ballet Theater, I. S. Shteiman had extensive experience of collaboration with prominent opera performers of his time. His conducting work was distinguished by a subtle understanding of the composer’s idea, a huge artistic taste. All these qualities were reflected in his fruitful work with student creative teams, which was always characterized by an individual approach to performers, by the ability to convey to them the will of the composer, as well as his own creative thought aimed at educating of high musical culture, by the ability to discover the artistry and creativity energy of the young musicians. Thus, the long-term conducting work by I. S. Shteiman played a huge positive role in the professional education of the brilliant constellation of the singersactors of the Kharkiv opera scene, in the formation of the tradition that opens wide creative prospects for graduates of the Kharkiv opera’s school also and in modern world music culture. The extraordinary personality of the talented conductor, who has educated more than one generation of singers-actors for work on the professional stage, will remain in the hearts of those who respected and loved him for a long time.
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Goglio, Valentina, and Sonia Bertolini. "“The contribution of MOOCs to upskilling the labor force”." Journal of Workplace Learning 33, no. 7 (May 7, 2021): 561–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-10-2020-0159.
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Purpose The study aims to investigate whether participation to massive open online courses (MOOCs) may lead to labor market returns and through which mechanisms such relative advantage may take place. Indeed, despite high figures of registered users, empirical studies on occupational returns are limited and MOOCs may represent a viable, cost-efficient example of lifelong learning practice to respond to the demand of a better skilled workforce for the fourth industrial revolution. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on qualitative empirical material constituted by a set of 21 qualitative semi-structured interviews conducted in 2019 among learners who registered in MOOCs provided by European higher education institutions. Findings Interviews return a situation in which MOOCs are beneficial for work: learners appreciate the new knowledge and skills they can access, with time flexibility and low entry cost. However, MOOCs positive contribution is not at everyone’s reach: self-selection issues tend to further advantage individuals with high levels of education and individual resources. Moreover, MOOCs can increase the risk of a shift of responsibility for training to the employees and qualify as a lower tier type of qualification, reinforcing social closure mechanisms based on educational credentials. Originality/value The study contributes to the empirical analysis of MOOCs economic returns empirically, by providing original qualitative material. Second, it contributes theoretically by bridging literature on economic and occupational returns to education on one side and literature on digital technologies in education on the other, providing new insights on the potentials and limits of MOOCs as a new form of lifelong learning.
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Bhatnagar, Jyotsna, and Pranati Aggarwal. "Meaningful work as a mediator between perceived organizational support for environment and employee eco-initiatives, psychological capital and alienation." Employee Relations: The International Journal 42, no. 6 (July 1, 2020): 1487–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-04-2019-0187.
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PurposeIn this paper, the authors propose and empirically test an integrated model which investigates the relationship between POS-E (perceived organizational support for the environment) and employee outcomes, which are employee eco-initiatives (the first category of OCBE), employee psychological capital and alienation. Meaningful work as a mediator between POS-E and employee outcomes was also investigated.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized a survey method to empirically test the hypothesized relationships on a sample of 303 respondents. For testing, Confirmatory factor analysis for the proposed and alternative models, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on software AMOS, version 20.0 was used. This was to ensure validity and construct distinctiveness among the variables in the study and to evaluate the fit of the hypothesized measurement model in comparison to several alternate models. To estimate the effects of meaningful work (as a mediator) on the association between POS-E and eco-initiatives, psychological capital and alienation, the authors administered Sobel test.FindingsThe present research augments the contemporary research on environmental sustainability and employee outcomes by further developing the emerging constructs of perceived organizational support of the environment (POS-E) and organized citizenship behavior toward the environment (OCBE), which is measured by eco-initiatives. The results imply that POS-E is positively associated with eco-initiatives and employee psychological capital and is negatively associated with alienation. The findings further suggest that meaningful work mediates the association between POS-E and all the outcome variables which are: employee-eco-initiatives, psychological capital and alienation.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings confirm the desired direction of research and accomplished the research objective of the study. As the consequences of POS-E imply immense value for all stakeholders, decision-makers must also reflect on the means of enhancing employees' understanding. Further, it is imperative, that the organization supports their environmental goals and values, and their green engagement.Practical implicationsResults of the present study exhibit wide practical inferences for the managers. HR managers need to organize the passion for green behavior and work on intrinsic drivers of employee green engagement to let it sustain over a period of time. As society gradually expects increased organizational contributions towards environmental sustainability, this paper indicates that those employees who get an opportunity to act in coordination with environmental objectives will engage in eco-initiatives, exhibit higher psychological capital, and be less likely to feel alienated. The results imply that leaders should examine a diversity of probable interventions to enhance POS-E in order to gain from the initial rise in perceived meaningful work, employee eco-initiatives, increased psychological capital and reduced alienation. These interventions may lead to higher passion for sustainability and green behavior.Social implicationsFurther, this work supports the work of Toffel and Schendler (2013), whose study states that organizations should market their environment and climate initiatives, climate activism, such that customers and suppliers appreciate their leadership, and understands what matters. This work supports the work of Turaga et al. (2010), whose study states that for pro-environment behavior, environment passion is an intrinsic behavior which is needed (see Afsar et al., 2016). The current study enhances the need to trigger employee's sense of pro-environment passion at work place for significant results.Originality/valueThis is a pioneer study, in India which confirms and extends the construct of POS-E using Social Exchange theory as an underpinning theory. We found that POS-E was linked with previously untested employee consequences, like employee eco-initiatives and psychological capital and that it was negatively associated with alienation. Our study confirmed mediator variable to be meaningful work in the relationship between POS-E and psychological capital, alienation and eco-initiatives
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Meitzer, Eugenia. "Statenotes." American String Teacher 36, no. 4 (November 1986): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313138603600413.
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Editor's Note: We would like to communicate what's happening in our state units for all members to appreciate. Special activities, awards, news, events, etc. will be noted here, as space and time allow. Do send your state newsletter to the AST editor's office: PO Box 49-0039, Key Biscayne, FL 33149. [J.A.]