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Journal articles on the topic '−i} Cordial labeling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

S. K. Vaidya and N B Vyas. "Product cordial labeling for alternate snake graphs." Malaya Journal of Matematik 2, no. 03 (2014): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26637/mjm203/002.

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2

Gulab Minj, Dibya, G. V. V. Jagannadha Rao, and Chiranjilal Kujur. "TRUTH TABLE - SMARANDACHLEY PRODUCT CORDIAL LABELING OF BLOOM TORUS GRAPH BTM,N." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 02 (2023): 713–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16303.

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In this paper the researcher prepares truth table for the labeling of Bloom Torus graph by admitting the condition of Smarandachely product cordial labelling. Smarandachely product cordial labeling on is such a labeling with induced labeling

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3

Neerajah, A., and P. Subramanian. "A STUDY ON ZERO-M CORDIAL LABELING." Advances in Mathematics: Scientific Journal 9, no. 11 (2020): 9207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37418/amsj.9.11.26.

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A labeling $f: E(G) \rightarrow \{1, -1\}$ of a graph G is called zero-M-cordial, if for each vertex v, the arithmetic sum of the labels occurrence with it is zero and $|e_{f}(-1) - e_{f}(1)| \leq 1$. A graph G is said to be Zero-M-cordial if a Zero-M-cordial label is given. Here the exploration of zero - M cordial labelings for deeds of paths, cycles, wheel and combining two wheel graphs, two Gear graphs, two Helm graphs. Here, also perceived that a zero-M-cordial labeling of a graph need not be a H-cordial labeling.

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4

A R, Nagalakshmi. "The Cordial Energy of Some Graphs." Proyecciones (Antofagasta) 43, no. 6 (2024): 1455–71. https://doi.org/10.22199/issn.0717-6279-6403.

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This paper provides a comprehensive investigation into cordial spectra and energy. The study delves into the fundamental principles of cordial labeling, where graph vertices are assigned labels to maintain balanced adjacency. The analysis includes mathematical properties and the interplay between cordial labeling and graph energy. Spectral analysis involving eigenvalues of matrices associated with cordially labeled graphs is explored, offering insights into graph structural characteristics and relationships.

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Samir K. Vaidya and Chirag M. Barasara. "Total edge product cordial labeling of graphs." Malaya Journal of Matematik 1, no. 03 (2013): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26637/mjm103/009.

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The total product cordial labeling is a variant of cordial labeling. We introduce an edge analogue product cordial labeling as a variant of total product cordial labeling and name it as total edge product cordial labeling. Unlike to total product cordial labeling the roles of vertices and edges are interchanged in total edge product cordial labeling. We investigate several results on this newly defined concept.

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R, Charishma, and Nageswari P. "Cordial Labeling of Subdivision of Central Edge of Bistar Graph and Spider Graph." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 16, no. 35 (2023): 2889–93. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v16i35.679.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> To analyse cordial labelling of subdivision of central edge of bistar graph and Spider graph. <strong>Methods:</strong> Cordial labeling is defined as a function g : V (q ) ! f0;1g in which each edge ab is assigned the label jg(a)􀀀g(b)j with the conditions vg(0)􀀀vg(1) 1 and eg(0)􀀀eg(1) 1 1 where v g ( 0 ) and v g ( 1 ) signify the number of vertices with 0’s and 1’s, similarly eg (0) and eg (1) signify the number of edges with 0’s and 1’s. <strong>Findings:</strong> In this paper, it is proved that subdivisi

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7

T.Nicholas and P.Maya. "Some results on integer cordial graph." Journal of Progressive Research in Mathematics 8, no. 1 (2016): 1183–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4028748.

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An integer cordial labeling of a graph G(V, E) is an injective map f from V to − 𝑝 2 . . 𝑝 2 &lowast; or − 𝑝 2 . . 𝑝 2 as p is even or odd, which induces an edge labeling f * : E → {0, 1} defined by f * (uv) = 1 if f(u) + f(v) ≥ 0 and 0 otherwise such that the number of edges labeled with1 and the number of edges labeled with 0 differ atmost by 1. If a graph has integer cordial labeling, then it is called integer cordial graph. In this paper, we introduce the concept of integer cordial labeling and prove that some standard graphs are integer cordial.

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A., A., and A. Rajkumar. "Neutrosophic Cordial Labeling on Helm and Closed Helm Graph." International Journal of Neutrosophic Science 25, no. 4 (2025): 453–52. https://doi.org/10.54216/ijns.250439.

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The Neutrosophic Cordial Labeling Graph integrates both neutrosophic labeling and Cordial Labeling. Building on our previous work, we have extended our study to include Neutrosophic Cordial Labeling for Helm and Closed Helm Graphs. This extension allows us to explore the application of Neutrosophic Cordial Labeling in more complex graph structures, providing insights into their properties and relationships. One of the key aspects of our research is investigating the relationship between Cordial and Neutrosophic Cordial Labeling. By comparing and contrasting these labeling techniques [4], we ai

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A. Sathakathulla, A., and M. G Fajlul Kareem. "Edge cordial and total edge cordial labeling for eight sprocket graph." International Journal of Applied Mathematical Research 10, no. 2 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijamr.v10i2.31621.

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This papers deals with the Edge cordial labeling of newly introduced eight sprocket graph. This graph is already proven as cordial and gracious in graph labelling. In our study we have further proved that Eight Sprocket graph related families of connected edge-cordial graphs. Also the path union of Eight Sprocket graph, cycle of Eight Sprocket graph and star of Eight Sprocket graph are Edge-cordial.

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10

Lourdusamy, A., E. Veronisha, and F. Joy Beaula. "Group S4 Difference Cordial Labeling." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 15, no. 32 (2022): 1561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v15i32.614.

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11

Seoud, M. A., A. T. M. Matar, and R. A. Al-Zuraiqi. "Prime Cordial Labeling." Circulation in Computer Science 2, no. 4 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22632/ccs-2017-251-98.

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We show that some special families of graphs have prime cordial labeling. We prove that If G is not a prime cordial graph of order m then G∪K_(1,n)is a prime cordial graph if E(G)= n-1,n or n+1 , and we prove that S^' (K_(2,n)), Jelly fish graph , Jewel graph, the graph obtained by duplicating a vertex v_k in the rim of the helm H_nand the graph obtained by fusing the vertex u_1 with u_3in a Helm graphH_n are prime cordial graphs.

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12

Beasley, LeRoy B. "Cordial Digraphs." Journal of Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing 121, no. 1 (2024): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.61091/jcmcc121-06.

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A ( 0 , 1 ) -labeling of a set is said to be friendly if the number of elements of the set labeled 0 and the number labeled 1 differ by at most 1. Let g be a labeling of the edge set of a graph that is induced by a labeling f of the vertex set. If both g and f are friendly then g is said to be a cordial labeling of the graph. We extend this concept to directed graphs and investigate the cordiality of directed graphs. We show that all directed paths and all directed cycles are cordial. We also discuss the cordiality of oriented trees and other digraphs.

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13

Gulab Minj, Dibya, G. V. V. Jagannadha Rao, and Chiranjilal Kujur. "SUM CORDIAL LABELING OF CORONA PRODUCT GRAPH OF PATH TO PATH." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 08 (2023): 410–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17405.

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In this paper the researcher studies on the labeling of Corona Product Graph of Path to Path by admitting the certain condition of Sum cordial labeling. A sum cordial labeling of a graph is a binary labeling with vertex set V, with edge labeling f:E(G) {0,1},defined by f(uv)=(f(u)+f(v))(mod2) if |vf(0)-vf(1)|â‰¤1and |ef(0)-ef(1)|â‰¤1. A graph G is Sum cordial if it admits Sum cordial labeling.

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14

Abdel-Aal, M. E., and S. A. Bashammakh. "A study on the varieties of equivalent cordial labeling graphs." AIMS Mathematics 9, no. 12 (2024): 34720–33. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20241653.

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<p>The concepts of cordial labeling, signed product cordiality, and logical cordiality have been introduced independently by different researchers as distinct labeling schemes. In this paper, we demonstrate the equivalence of these concepts. Specifically, we prove that a graph $ G $ is cordial if and only if it is signed product cordial, if and only if it is logically cordial. Additionally, we establish that a graph $ G $ admits permuted cordial labeling if and only if it exhibits cubic roots cordial labeling. Furthermore, we leverage this newfound equivalence to analyze the cordiality p

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15

Hasni, Roslan. "Some results on cordiality labeling of generalized Jahangir graph." Indonesian Journal of Combinatorics 1, no. 2 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ijc.2017.1.2.1.

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In this paper we consider the cordiality of a generalized Jahangir graph $J_{n,m}$. We give sufficient condition for $J_{n,m}$ to admit (or not admit) the prime cordial labeling, product cordial labeling and total product cordial labeling.

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A, Lourdusamy, Veronisha E, and Joy Beaula F. "Group S4 Difference Cordial Labeling." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 32 (2022): 1561–68. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v15i32.614.

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Abstract <strong>Objective:</strong> To find the Group S4 difference cordial labeling of some standard graphs. <strong>Method:</strong> Path, Cycle and some standard graphs are converted into Group S4 difference cordial graphs by labeling the vertices with the elements of S4 and the edges as the difference of the order of the elements labeled to the vertices of the graph. <strong>Findings:</strong> Group S4 difference cordial labeling for path, cycle and some standard graphs. <strong>Novelty:</strong> Graph labeling can use for issues in Mobile Adhoc Networks

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17

Vaidya, S. K., and N. H. Shah. "On Square Divisor Cordial Graphs." Journal of Scientific Research 6, no. 3 (2014): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i3.16412.

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The square divisor cordial labeling is a variant of cordial labeling and divisor cordial labeling. Here we prove that the graphs like flower Fln, bistar Bn,n, square graph of Bn,n, shadow graph of Bn,n as well as splitting graphs of star Kl,n and bistar Bn,n are square divisor cordial graphs. Moreover we show that the degree splitting graphs of Bn,n and Pn admit square divisor cordial labeling. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i3.16412 J. Sci. Res. 6 (3), 445-455 (2014)

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18

Barasara, C. M., and Y. B. Thakkar. "DIVISOR CORDIAL LABELING FOR SOME SNAKES AND DEGREE SPLITTING RELATED GRAPHS." South East Asian J. of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 19, no. 01 (2023): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.56827/seajmms.2023.1901.17.

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For a graph G = (V (G),E(G)), the vertex labeling function is defined as a bijection f : V (G) → {1, 2, . . . , |V (G)|} such that an edge uv is assigned the label 1 if one f(u) or f(v) divides the other and 0 otherwise. f is called divisor cordial labeling of graph G if the number of edges labeled with 0 and the number of edges labeled with 1 differ by at most 1. In 2011, Varatharajan et al. [24] have introduced divisor cordial labeling as a variant of cordial labeling. In this paper, we study divisor cordial labeling for triangular snake and quadrilateral snake. Moreover, we investigate divi

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19

R., Ponraj*1 S. Yesu Doss Philip2 &. R. Kala3. "3-TOTAL DIFFERENCE CORDIAL LABELING OF SOME GRAPHS." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 6, no. 5 (2019): 46–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2677915.

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We introduce a new graph labeling technique called k- total difference cordial labeling .Let f:V(G)→{0,1,2,..,k-1} be a map where  k ε N and k>1.For each edge uv assign the label │f(u)-f(v)│,f is called k-total difference cordial labeling of G if  │t<sub>df</sub>(i)- t<sub>df</sub>(j)│≤1, i,jε{0,1,,2,……k-1} where t<sub>df</sub>(x) denote the total number of vertices and the edges labeled with x. A Graph with a k- total difference cordial labeling is called k- total difference cordial graph. We investigate k-total difference  cordial label

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B., Chandra*1 &. R. Kala2. "GROUP S3 CORDIAL PRIME LABELING OF WHEEL RELATED GRAPH." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 5, no. 12 (2018): 150–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2390060.

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Let <em>G </em>= (<em>V </em>(<em>G</em>)<em>, E</em> (<em>G</em>)) be a graph. Consider the group <em>S</em><sub>3</sub>. For , let  denote the order of <em>u </em>in <em>S</em><sub>3</sub>. Let be a function defined in such a way that . Let  denote the number of vertices of <em>G </em>having label <em>j </em>under . Now is called a group cordial prime labeling if  for every . A graph which admits a group cordial prime labeling is called a group cordial prime graph. In this paper, we prove that the Helm graph, Flower graph and  are group <em>S</em><sub>3 </sub>cordial prim

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21

Sathakathulla, ِA A. "Enabling Cordial, Edge cordial and total cordial labeling of dragon curve fractal graph." International Journal of Algebra and Statistics 3, no. 1 (2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20454/ijas.2014.773.

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A fractal is a mathematical set that typically displays self similar patterns. The dragon curves (Also Known as Highway dragon) was the first in this family and further, it lead to other studies too. For our study, this fractal has been considered as a graph and the same has been tested with enabling the labeling of cordial, edge cordial and total cordial labeling, and which may lead to continue the applied studies further.

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Barasara, C. M., and Y. B. Thakkar. "Some Characterizations and NP-Complete Problems for Power Cordial Graphs." Journal of Mathematics 2023 (July 15, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2257492.

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A power cordial labeling of a graph G = V G , E G is a bijection f : V G ⟶ 1,2 , … , V G such that an edge e = u v is assigned the label 1 if f u = f v n or f v = f u n , for some n ∈ N ∪ 0 and the label 0 otherwise, and satisfy the number of edges labeled with 0 and the number of edges labeled with 1 differ by at most 1. The graph that admits power cordial labeling is called a power cordial graph. In this paper, we derive some characterizations of power cordial graphs as well as explore NP-complete problems for power cordial labeling. This work also rules out any possibility of forbidden subg

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Irene, Yanne, Winda Ayu Mei Lestari, Mahmudi Mahmudi, Muhammad Manaqib, and Gustina Elfiyanti. "Product Cordial Labeling Of Scale Graph S_{1,r}\left(C_3\right) For r\geq3." Mathline : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 9, no. 4 (2024): 1073–87. https://doi.org/10.31943/mathline.v9i4.662.

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Graph theory plays a crucial role in various fields, including communication systems, computer networks, and integrated circuit design. One important aspect of this theory is product cordial labeling, which involves assigning labels to the vertices and edges of a graph in a specific way to achieve a balance. Despite extensive research, the product cordial labeling of scale graphs has not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating whether the scale graph can be labeled in a product cordial manner. To achieve this, we followed a three-step methodology: first, we

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Gulab Minj, Dibya, G. V. V. Jagannadha Rao, and Chiranjilal Kujur. "SMARANDACHLEY PRODUCT CORDIAL LABELING OF BLOOM TORUS GRAPH (BT M,N)." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 02 (2023): 705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16302.

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In this paper we work on the Bloom Torus graph by satisfying the condition of Smarandachely product cordial labeling. Smarandachely product cordial labeling on is such a labeling with induced labeling

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25

Ivančo, Jaroslav. "On edge product cordial graphs." Opuscula Mathematica 39, no. 5 (2019): 691–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/opmath.2019.39.5.691.

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An edge product cordial labeling is a variant of the well-known cordial labeling. In this paper we characterize graphs admitting an edge product cordial labeling. Using this characterization we investigate the edge product cordiality of broad classes of graphs, namely, dense graphs, dense bipartite graphs, connected regular graphs, unions of some graphs, direct products of some bipartite graphs, joins of some graphs, maximal \(k\)-degenerate and related graphs, product cordial graphs.

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Vaidya, S. K., and N. H. Shah. "Some New Results on Prime Cordial Labeling." ISRN Combinatorics 2014 (March 23, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/607018.

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A prime cordial labeling of a graph G with the vertex set V(G) is a bijection f:V(G)→{1,2,3,…,|V(G)|} such that each edge uv is assigned the label 1 if gcd(f(u),f(v))=1 and 0 if gcd(f(u),f(v))>1; then the number of edges labeled with 0 and the number of edges labeled with 1 differ by at most 1. A graph which admits a prime cordial labeling is called a prime cordial graph. In this work we give a method to construct larger prime cordial graph using a given prime cordial graph G. In addition to this we have investigated the prime cordial labeling for double fan and degree splitting graphs of p

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G. Megala and K. Annadurai. "k-TRIANGULAR PRIME CORDIAL LABELING OF MAXIMAL OUTERPLANAR GRAPHS." jnanabha 52, no. 02 (2022): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.58250/jnanabha.2022.52215.

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In this paper, we study graph labeling, namely, k- triangular prime cordial labeling for k = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. This is a simple extension of prime cordial labeling where the vertex labels are defined as the higher order triangular numbers. Also we show that the maximal outerplanar graphs are k- triangular prime cordial under certain conditio

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S. Pasunkili Pandian, J. Maruthamani,. "Union Of 4-Total Prime Cordial Graph G With The Bistar Bn,N." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 11, no. 1 (2023): 2195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/cienceng.v11i1.396.

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Let G be a (p, q) graph. Let f : V (G) → {1, 2, . . . , k} be a map where k ∈ N is a variable and k > 1. For each edge uv, assign the label gcd(f (u), f (v)). The map f is called a k- Total prime cordial labeling of G if |tpf (i) − tpf (j)| ≤ 1, i, j ∈ {1, 2, · · · , k} where tpf (x) denotes the total number of vertices and the edges labelled with x. A graph with a k-total prime cordial labeling is called k-total prime cordial graph. In this paper we investigate the 4-total prime cordial labeling of G ∪ Bn,n, where G has a 4-total prime cordial labeling and Bn,n is a bistar.

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Ariel C. Pedrano and Ricky F. Rulete. "On the total product cordial labeling on the cartesian product of $P_m \times C_n$, $C_m \times C_n$ and the generalized Petersen graph $P(m, n)$." Malaya Journal of Matematik 5, no. 03 (2017): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26637/mjm503/007.

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A total product cordial labeling of a graph $G$ is a function $f: V \rightarrow\{0,1\}$. For each $x y$, assign the label $f(x) f(y), f$ is called total product cordial labeling of $G$ if it satisfies the condition that $\mid v_f(0)+e_f(0)-$ $v_f(1)-e_f(1) \mid \leq 1$ where $v_f(i)$ and $e_f(i)$ denote the set of vertices and edges which are labeled with $i=0,1$, respectively. A graph with a total product cordial labeling defined on it is called total product cordial. In this paper, we determined the total product cordial labeling of the cartesian product of $P_m \times C_n, C_m \times

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Lourdusamy, A., and F. Patrick. "Some results on SD-Prime cordial labeling." Proyecciones (Antofagasta) 36, no. 4 (2025): 601–14. https://doi.org/10.22199/issn.0717-6279-2538.

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Given a bijection ʄ : V(G) → {1,2, …,|V(G)|}, we associate 2 integers S = ʄ(u)+ʄ(v) and D = |ʄ(u)-ʄ(v)| with every edge uv in E(G). The labeling ʄ induces an edge labeling ʄ'' : E(G) → {0,1} such that for any edge uv in E(G), ʄ '(uv)=1 if gcd(S,D)=1, and ʄ ' (uv)=0 otherwise. Let eʄ ' (i) be the number of edges labeled with i ∈ {0,1}. We say ʄ is SD-prime cordial labeling if |eʄ '(0)-e ʄ' (1)| ≤ 1. Moreover G is SD-prime cordial if it admits SD-prime cordial labeling. In this paper, we investigate the SD-prime cordial labeling of some derived graphs.

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R., Shankar* R. Uma. "SQUARE DIVISOR CORDIAL LABELING FOR SOME GRAPHS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 10 (2016): 726–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.163293.

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Let G = {V (G), E (G)} be a simple graph and f: v→ {1, 2. . . |v|} be a bijection. For each edge uv, assign the label 1. If either or and the label 0 otherwise f is called a square divisor cordial labeling if. A graph with a square divisor cordial labeling is called a square divisor cordial graph. In this work, a discussion is made on Shell, Tensor product, Coconut tree, Jelly fish and Subdivision of bistar under square divisor cordial labeling.

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Kuo, David, Gerard J. Chang, and Y. H. Harris Kwong. "Cordial labeling of mKn." Discrete Mathematics 169, no. 1-3 (1997): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-365x(95)00336-u.

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Cichacz, Sylwia, Agnieszka Görlich, and Zsolt Tuza. "Cordial labeling of hypertrees." Discrete Mathematics 313, no. 22 (2013): 2518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2013.07.025.

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Cynthia, V. Jude Annie, and E. Padmavathy. "SIGNED CORDIAL LABELING AND SIGNED PRODUCT CORDIAL LABELING OF SOME INTERCONNECTION NETWORKS." Advances and Applications in Discrete Mathematics 26, no. 1 (2021): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17654/dm026010035.

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35

Thamizharasi, R., and R. Rajeswari. "Edge product Cordial Labeling and Total Magic Cordial Labeling of Regular Digraphs." International Journal on Information Sciences and Computing 9, no. 2 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.18000/ijisac.50153.

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Inayah, N., A. Erfanian, and M. Korivand. "Total Product and Total Edge Product Cordial Labelings of Dragonfly Graph D g n." Journal of Mathematics 2022 (November 15, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3728344.

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In this paper, we study the total product and total edge product cordial labeling for dragonfly graph D g n . We also define generalized dragonfly graph and find product cordial and total product cordial labeling for this family of graphs.

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ELrokh, Ashraf, Mohammed M. Ali Al-Shamiri, Shokry Nada, and Atef Abd El-hay. "Cordial and Total Cordial Labeling of Corona Product of Paths and Second Order of Lemniscate Graphs." Journal of Mathematics 2022 (May 5, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8521810.

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A simple graph is called cordial if it admits 0-1 labeling that satisfies certain conditions. The second order of lemniscate graph is a graph of two second order of circles that have one vertex in common. In this paper, we introduce some new results on cordial labeling, total cordial, and present necessary and sufficient conditions of cordial and total cordial for corona product of paths and second order of lemniscate graphs.

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Annie Lydia A and Angel Jebitha MK. "Perfect Mean Cordial Labeling of [Pn : Sk ] Graphs." Journal of Computational Mathematica 7, no. 1 (2023): 073–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/cm164.

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A vertex labeling h : V(G) → {0,1,2,3} is said to be perfect mean cordial labeling of a graph G if it induces an edge labeling h∗ defined as follows : with the condition that |eh(0)−eh(1)| ≤ 1 and |vh(α)−vh(β)| ≤ 1 for all α,β ∈ {0,1,2,3},where eh(δ) is number of edges label with δ(δ = 0,1) and vh(λ) denote the number of vertices labeled with λ (λ = 0,1,2,3). A graph G is said to be perfect mean cordial graph if it admits a perfect mean cordial labeling. In this paper, we investigate [Pn : Sk ] graphs are perfect mean cordial graphs.

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A. Sudha Rani. "On Vertex, Edge Matrix Cordial Labeling." Advances in Nonlinear Variational Inequalities 28, no. 7s (2025): 411–18. https://doi.org/10.52783/anvi.v28.4538.

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Let G be a simple undirected graph whose vertices are from non cyclic abelian group and there is an edge between any two vertices iff vertices form a non singular matrix. Here we assign the Matrix Cordial Labeling to the vertices. In this paper we introduce the concept of Matrix Cordial labeling for some splitting graphs We shall discuss Matrix Cordial Labeling for path, cycle . Conclusions: In this paper we investigated three new matrix cordial graphs. The findings in this paper are original. For a better understanding of the labeling pattern specified in each theorem, illustrations are given

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Ahmad, Yasir, Umer Ali, Muhammad bilal, Sohail Zafar, and Zohaib Zahid. "Some new standard graphs labeled by 3–total edge product cordial labeling." Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences 2, no. 1 (2017): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21042/amns.2017.1.00005.

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AbstractIn this paper, we study 3–total edge product cordial (3–TEPC) labeling which is a variant of edge product cordial labeling. We discuss Web, Helm, Ladder and Gear graphs in this context of 3–TEPC labeling. We also discuss 3–TEPC labeling of some particular examples with corona graph.

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Yulianti, Kartika, Fitri Rokhmatillah, and Ririn Sispiyati. "E-Cordial Labeling for Cupola Graph Cu(3, b, n)." InPrime: Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 4, no. 1 (2022): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/inprime.v4i1.24210.

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AbstractGraph labeling is a map that maps graph elements such as vertices, edges, vertices, and edges to a set of numbers. A graph labeling is named e-cordial if there is a binary mapping f:E(G)→{0,1} which induces the vertex labeling defined by g(v)=Ʃ_{uvϵE(G)}f(uv)(mod 2), so that it satisfies the absolute value of the difference between the number of vertices labeled 1 and the number of vertices labeled 0 is less than equal to 1, and also for the number of edges labeled 0 and labeled 1. A graph that admits the e-cordial labeling is called an e-cordial graph. In this paper, we proved that so

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Lourdusamy, A., S. Jenifer Wency, and F. Patrick. "Sum Divisor Cordial Labeling of T p -Tree Related Graphs." Ars Combinatoria 157 (December 31, 2023): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.61091/ars157-01.

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A sum divisor cordial labeling of a graph G with vertex set V ( G ) is a bijection f from V ( G ) to { 1 , 2 , ⋯ , | V ( G ) | } such that an edge u v is assigned the label 1 if 2 divides f ( u ) + f ( v ) and 0 otherwise; and the number of edges labeled with 1 and the number of edges labeled with 0 differ by at most 1 . A graph with a sum divisor cordial labeling is called a sum divisor cordial graph. In this paper, we discuss the sum divisor cordial labeling of transformed tree related graphs.

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P, Sumathi, and Suresh Kumar J. "Fuzzy Quotient -3 Cordial Labeling on Generalized Petersen Graph." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 16, no. 9 (2023): 648–59. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v16i9.1720.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> To analyze the existence of fuzzy quotient-3 cordial labeling on the generalized Petersen graph. <strong>Methods:</strong> The method involves mathematically defining how to label the vertex of a generalized Petersen graph and demonstrating that these formulations produce fuzzy quotient-3 cordial labeling. <strong>Findings:</strong> In this study, we proved that the generalized Petersen graph GP(h;m) ; 1 m < &lfloor; h 2 &rfloor; is fuzzy quotient-3 cordial, except for h 0( mod 6). <strong>Novelty:</strong> Here, we gi

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Prajapati, U. M., and Anit Vantiya. "SD-Prime cordial labeling of alternate k-polygonal snake of various types." Proyecciones (Antofagasta) 40, no. 3 (2021): 619–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22199/issn.0717-6279-4015.

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Let f : V (G) → {1, 2,..., |V (G)|} be a bijection, and let us denote S = f(u) + f(v) and D = |f(u) − f(v)| for every edge uv in E(G). Let f' be the induced edge labeling, induced by the vertex labeling f, defined as f' : E(G) → {0, 1} such that for any edge uv in E(G), f' (uv)=1 if gcd(S, D)=1, and f' (uv)=0 otherwise. Let ef' (0) and ef' (1) be the number of edges labeled with 0 and 1 respectively. f is SD-prime cordial labeling if |ef' (0) − ef' (1)| ≤ 1 and G is SD-prime cordial graph if it admits SD-prime cordial labeling. In this paper, we have discussed the SD-prime cordial labeling of

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D., SRIRAM. "Union of 4-Total Mean Cordial Graph with the Star K1, N." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 7, no. 2 (2024): 4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10784511.

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Consider (p, q) graph G and define f from the vertex set V (G) to the set Zk where k ∈ N and k > 1. Foreache uv, assign the label f (u)+f (v) 2, Then the function f is called as k-total mean cordial labeling of G if number of vertices and edges labelled by i and not labelled by i differ by at most 1, wherei ∈ {0, 1, 2, · · · , k − 1}. Suppose a graph admits  a k-total mean cordial labeling then it is called as k- total mean cordial graph.In this paper we investigate  the 4-total mean cordial labeling of G ∪ K1,n where G is a 4-total mean co

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A. Delman, S. Koilraj, and P. Lawrence Rozario Raj. "SD and k-SD Prime Cordial graphs." International Journal of Fuzzy Mathematical Archive 15, no. 02 (2018): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22457/ijfma.v15n2a9.

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R.Charishma, P.Nageswari. "Cordial Labeling in the Context of Some Graphs." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 38s (2025): 21–31. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i38s.6813.

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Let G=(V,E) be the graph. A mapping f:V→{0,1} is called Binary vertex labeling and f(v) is called the label of the vertex v of G under f . For an edge e=uv, the induced edge labeling f^*:E→{0,1} is given by f^* (e)=|f(u)-f(v)|. Let f:V→{0,1} and for each edge uv, assign the label |f(x) – f(y)|. Then the binary vertex labeling f of a graph G is said to be cordial labeling if |V_f (0)-V_f (1)|≤1 and |e_f (0)-e_f (1)|≤1. In this paper, some graphs are proved for cordial labeling and known to be cordial graph.

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MURUGAN, Dr A. NELLAI, and G. BABY SUGANYA. "Cordial Labeling of Path Related Splitted Graphs." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 3 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/mar2014/167.

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S, Sudhakar, Dharani J, Maheshwari V, and Balaji V. "Mean Cordial Labeling for Two Star Graphs." Journal of Computational Mathematica 3, no. 1 (2019): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/cm43.

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Mary, M. Maria Angela, and Elvina Mary L. "Prime Cordial Distance Labeling for Some Graphs." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 6, no. 3 (2025): 1485–91. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0325.1146.

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