Academic literature on the topic 'Ibas Fund'

SummaryBirdLife International´s Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA) Programme has identified, documented and mapped over 13,000 sites of international importance for birds. IBAs have been influential with governments, multilateral agreements, businesses and others in: (1) informing governments’ efforts to expand protected area networks (in particular to meet their commitments through the Convention on Biological Diversity); (2) supporting the identification of Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs) in the marine realm, (3) identifying Wetlands of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention; (4) identifying sites of importance for species under the Convention on Migratory Species and its sister agreements; (5) identifying Special Protected Areas under the EU Birds Directive; (6) applying the environmental safeguards of international finance institutions such as the International Finance Corporation; (7) supporting the private sector to manage environmental risk in its operations; and (8) helping donor organisations like the Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund (CEPF) to prioritise investment in site-based conservation. The identification of IBAs (and IBAs in Danger: the most threatened of these) has also triggered conservation and management actions at site level, most notably by civil society organisations and local conservation groups. IBA data have therefore been widely used by stakeholders at different levels to help conserve a network of sites essential to maintaining the populations and habitats of birds as well as other biodiversity. The experience of IBA identification and conservation is shaping the design and implementation of the recently launched Key Biodiversity Areas (KBA) Partnership and programme, as IBAs form a core part of the KBA network.

O IBAS é um relevante instrumento de cooperação sul-sul que nasceu como uma plataforma de debates para uma instituição com objetivos bem delineados. Passados 15 anos desde sua criação, quais foram os avanços mais salientes deste arranjo institucional? A partir disso, este texto fez um balanço dos resultados, a partir do confronto entre os resultados concretos do Fórum e as declarações oficiais. Foi constatado que o Fundo IBAS além de ser a face mais visível do Fórum IBAS é o principal instrumento para os objetivos comuns dos países-membros. A partir da conceituação da cooperação sul-sul será feito uma comparação dos objetivos iniciais do fórum com seus resultados após quinze anos.

The governments of several developing nations have used public funds to support International Branch Campuses (IBCs). These countries often have specific requirements and regulations that the IBCs must meet. As a result, some of the IBC’s most fundamental financial, academic and governance decisions are determined or heavily influenced by the host nation. These practices compromise the financial autonomy and academic autonomy of IBCs and threaten their sustainability and quality.

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to critically analyse State Bank of Pakistan’s Shariah governance framework (SGF) which is indeed a backbone for the survival of Islamic banking institutions (IBIs). Shariah compliance along with other contemporary standards makes it more challenging for the staff to ensure satisfaction of all stakeholders of IBIs. Besides profitability, IBI customers need complete satisfaction that their funds have been administered according to the Shariah law and returns are from permissible business operations. Design/methodology/approach: SGF was analysed for making inferences by systematically and objectively identifying special characteristics of the framework for IBIs. Utilising interpretive and naturalistic approach including both observational and narrative based discourses associated with ground realities, the article outlines pragmatic modifications in existing framework to bridge the gap between Shariah boards and the board of directors. Findings: Over the years Shariah governance mechanisms have significantly groomed in Pakistan, however, the need and room for improvement always remains for further developments . SGF enables convenient operations of IBIs with predetermined set of instructions and objectives. Nevertheless, IBIs need continuous monitoring and handholding to implement the SGF in true spirit. This article critically analysed updated SGF (2018) through content analysis and identified a few important gaps in the existing SGF. Those gapes such as absence of It has been observed that lack of performance evaluation of Board of Directors (BoD) and Shariah Board (SB) is important impediment in the development and expansion of IBIs. Originality/Value: Current study identifies that existing SGF is devoid of determining key performance indicators (KPIs) for IBIs in terms of Shariah compliance and performance of BoDs and SBs. Therefore, this article concluded with proposed new Shariah governance framework for IBIs to ensure close liaison between BoD and SB through Board’s Committee of Shariah Governance (BCSG) with the provision of indicators for Shariah compliance ratings of IBIs.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the budget system, accounting in budgetary institutions and changes that have occurred in budgetary legislation. The content and concepts of the budget system and its accounting are disclosed. Method. Theoretical approaches to determining the mechanisms and discrete components of the state budget system and its transition to the new IBAN international standards system have been developed. The research is based on the use of a systematic approach to the consideration of phenomena in the Treasury system of Ukraine and the budget system, on the fundamental principles of economic theory, systems theory, theory of finance, the theory of international calculations according to IBAN international standards. Results. There is an inseparable link between the Treasury and the budget system and the new legislation governing their activities. Value/originality. It has been determined that the dynamic development of states, regions and communities in the long run cannot be ensured without the creation of an effective budget management system. An innovative tariff policy has been proposed and opportunities for using non-traditional agricultural insurance products have been identified. Recommendations have been made to improve the state's budget and treasury activities. It is substantiated that the budget deficit is an almost constant phenomenon in the economy of every state, in Ukraine it is a chronic phenomenon, the presence of the deficit is indirect for the population, but it participates in the return of the funds involved to cover the deficit through payment of taxes.

Resumo: O Processamento auditivo é a capacidade que o sistema nervoso tem para usar a informação que chega pela audição. As habilidades auditivas são necessárias para que haja o processamento das informações. Testes comportamentais são utilizados para avaliar desordens do processamento auditivo, como o Teste de Identificação de Sentenças Sintéticas com Mensagem Competitiva Ipsilateral Pediátrico (PSI), que avalia a habilidade de figura-fundo para sons verbais. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa que objetiva identificar a aplicabilidade do teste PSI, nos últimos dez anos. Uma busca nas bases de dados: Lilacs, PubMed, Medline, IBCS e SciELO foi realizada, utilizando-se como descritores: percepção auditiva, testes auditivos, transtorno da percepção auditiva ,audição, compreensão, combinados com a palavra PSI. Foram encontrados 52 artigos, sendo selecionados, lidos na íntegra e analisados, apenas, oito artigos. Pôde-se observar grande variabilidade em sua aplicação, demonstrando ser uma eficaz ferramenta de avaliação do processamento auditivo em diferentes populações e faixas etárias.

Desde a década de 70, nas favelas cariocas, boa parte da produção cultural e de entretenimento está diretamente ligada à música negra norte-americana, passando por releituras em sua estrutura rítmica e adaptando as letras para o cenário nacional. A favela tem ocupado um lugar decisivo na produção e consumo musical, principalmente nos bailes funk, ambientes propícios à suspensão dos problemas do cotidiano, interação entre diferentes classes sociais, geração de renda e lócus privilegiado para demonstração do poder das facções. A música, nesse contexto, torna-se importante forma de comunicação e passa a ocupar um lugar central nas discussões sobre ordem urbana. Os dados apresentados são resultado de entrevistas em favelas entre 2005 e 2009, e no retorno a campo em 2012. Serão analisadas letras classificadas como "proibidas", documentos produzidos pelo Estado durante a implantação das UPPS e um número especial da revista do Instituto Brasileiro de Análises Sociais (Ibase) sobre o tema.

Abstract Air pollution is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia in older populations (Cacciottolo et al 2017; Chen et al 2017). Rodent models of air pollution exposure also show Alzheimer-like changes including glial inflammatory responses and increased levels of endogenous amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides (Cacciottolo et al 2017 Levesque et al 2011). We hypothesized that pharmacological inhibition of Aβ production during nPM exposure would attenuate the amyloidogenic processing of APP and glial inflammatory responses. This hypothesis was tested using the γ-secretase modulator (GSM) (BPN-15606) which decreases Aβ42 levels in wild-type rodents (Wagner et al 2017; Kounnas et al. 2010). After nPM exposure of C57BL/6J male mice for 8 weeks, GSM-feeding attenuated pro-amyloidogenic and microglial inflammatory responses. Cerebral cortex levels of Aβ40 and 42 peptides were decreased by 35% and 45% respectively in mice exposed to filtered air and fed with GSM. Hippocampal levels of microglial Iba1 remained at control levels, a decrement of 50% below GSM treated mice. We suggest the Alzheimer candidate drug BPN-15606 has potential benefits to reducing the possible impact of urban air pollution in cognitive aging and Alzheimer risk. The attenuation of pro-amyloidogenic and microglial inflammatory responses is consistent with a role of endogenous Aβ levels in glial inflammatory responses and cognitive impairments from air pollution. Cacciottolo et al 2017, PMID 28140404; Chen H et al. 2017, PMID: 28917207; Levesque et al 2011, PMID 21864400; Wagner et al 2017, PMID 28416568; Kounnas 2010, PMID 20826309 Funding: P01 AG055367, R21AG050201, Cure Alzheimer’s Fund

Despite development and extension of different ways of financing in financial markets, encompassing Islamic and conventional financing, the mechanism of Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) of project financing both as borrowed and non-borrowed methods has not been considered at most. Moreover overall IT infrastructures development namely Real Gross Settlement System (RTGS), Automatic Clearing House (ACH), Scriptless Security Settlement System (SSSS) and International Bank Account Number (IBAN) for authentication process and the international meta bank network of Single Euro Payment Area (SEPA) and also international integrated banking networks including the Society For Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) and Interbank Information Transfer Network (Shetab), and other accomplished endeavors are not efficient in absorbing international contributions for project financing through foreign exchange funds in the different countries, satisfactory E-Payment mechanism in informative portal systems for investment projects are weak. In this way, the role of applying E-Payment systems for attracting foreign investment through retail resources mobilization and design of financial instruments with the capability of transacting in the secondary markets should be reconsidered. In this paper by having a glance at different types of investment project financing, we introduce a new project financing mechanism based on E-Payment with non-usury financial instruments to complete investment project financing chain in the form of Rastin Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) banking.Sharia compliance of financing instruments in one side and accessibility in absorbing international retail foreign exchange sources on other side are two fundamental discussible items in this paper. In this way by designing a new system of "Non-Usury Scriptless Security Settlement System" (NSSSS) with non-usury mechanisms -avoiding legislative (Sharia) circumvention- can provide the two cited goals in designing non-usury financing instruments through IT-based non-usury financial innovations which includes of Rastin Certificates in Rastin PLS banking, and Non-Usury Bonds namely Rastin Swap Bonds.

In this paper, I present a part of the results of the field research I conducted from mid-2011 to early 2017 in Kosovska Mitrovica. The aim of this study was to attempt to clarify the situation of the Serbian population in this city in terms of the major socio-political changes after the war in Kosovo and Metohia in 1999, the introduction of an international protectorate in this territory and the division of Kosovska Mitrovica into two parts - the southern, inhabited mostly by Albanians, and northern, populated mostly by Serbs. The main problem which the paper discusses refers to one of the key aspects of the everyday life of Kosovska Mitrovica residents in the period after the war, and that is the concept of space, the significance of which is already supported by the fact that the division of the city causes the concentration of the Serbs and the Albanians on the opposite sides of the Ibar river, in respect of which, as the borderline, they both marked the parts of the city in which they are grouped as theirs, abstracting them as entities associated with the determination of their own ethnic identity. The greatest attention in the paper is devoted to the consideration of the individual elements of the spatial symbolism of Serbs in the ethnically divided city of Kosovska Mitrovica, from the standpoint of their role in competitive identity politics against the Albanians. The elements considered in this respect fall into, on the one hand, the domain of secular symbolism, which took into account the strategies of space ideologization by constructing street topography and a memorial fund, and, on the other hand, the domain of religious symbolism, where a reference was made to the identity shaping of space using religious architecture.

A presente tese teve como objetivo discutir e analisar a dinâmica da Cooperação Sul-Sul, bem como na atuação do Fundo Ibas como um mecanismo alternativo e complementar às iniciativas no âmbito Norte-Sul. Com este fim, é abordado o estudo do Fundo Ibas, onde focalmente se analisou, por meio do estudo, se tal atuação de cooperação técnica internacional do Fundo Ibas, promoveu ações durante o período em que Guiné Bissau reformulava a política nacional de mitigação da fome e da pobreza. A partir de um estudo de caráter qualitativo-descritivo o estudo verificou se houve um alinhamento destes projetos no processo de formulação da política de Estado deste referido país africano. Entende-se que os projetos executados pelo Fundo Ibas em Guiné Bissau têm maior sucesso se forem acolhidos e amparados por uma política nacional que vá convergir com os seus objetivos institucionais voltados para a transferência de conhecimento e de boas práticas. Desse modo, para responder à questão-problema desta tese, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, foram desenvolvidas entrevistas com três atores-chave para se analisar acerca das ações promovidas pelos programas desenvolvidos na solução de problemas a partir do empoderamento do potencial do agente local (Guiné Bissau) no período de 2005 a 2015. Mesmo que a pesquisa constatou contribuições voltadas ao desenvolvimento local das comunidades guieneenses sendo beneficiadas com os projetos, dos resultados encontrados permite concluir que houve um alinhamento quanto aos princípios centrais do Fundo Ibas com as iniciativas do governo local para o enfrentamento da fome e da pobreza, não sob uma perspectiva de doação internacional, mas por meio de transferência de conhecimento. Não pode se dizer que houve impacto direto da iniciativa do Fundo Ibas na reformulação de política nacional de combate da fome e da pobreza, particularmente porque não constam formalmente e não são citados nas estruturas do Denarp I e II.
The aim of this thesis was to discuss and analyze the dynamics of South-South Cooperation, as well as the Ibas Fund as an alternative mechanism and complement the initiatives to the North-South axis. To this end, the Ibas Fund study is approached, where it was analyzed, through the study, whether such an international technical cooperation action of the Ibas Fund, which promoted actions during the period in which Guinea Bissau reformulated the national mitigation policy Hunger and poverty. From a qualitative-descriptive study, the study verified if there was an alignment of these projects in the process of formulating the state policy of this African country.It is understood that the projects executed by the Ibas Fund in Guinea Bissau have greater success if they are welcomed and supported by a national policy that converges with their institutional goals for knowledge transfer and good practice. Thus, in order to answer the problem question of this thesis, a bibliographical and documentary research was developed, interviews were developed with three key actors to analyze about the promoted actions about the programs developed in the solution of problems from the empowerment of the potential Of the local agent (Guinea Bissau) from 2005 to 2015. Even though the research found contributions to the local development of the Guinean communities benefiting from the projects, the results show that there was an alignment with the core principles of the this Fund and with the local government initiatives to address hunger and poverty, not from an international donor perspective, but through knowledge transfer. It can not be said that there was a direct impact of the Ibas Fund's initiative in the reformulation of the national policy to mitigation of hunger and poverty, particularly since they are not formally included and are not mentioned in the structures of the Denarp I and II.

This study investigates the colonization of Barbados, the seasonality of breeding, and the function of breeding plumes in the cattle egret Bubulcus ibis ibis. Colonization occurred around 1956, and the island now has 4 colonies. Numbers of birds at each colony are still increasing. Colonies are evenly spaced around the island. Plumage scores varied seasonally, and males had higher scores than females. Breeding activity peaked in July-August and November-March. Conspecific interference may force poorly plumed birds to breed when environmental conditions are poor. Chick mortality was primarily from starvation during periods of low breeding activity, and primarily from conspecific attack during high breeding activity. Fledging success did not increase with breeding activity. Plumage scores correlated positively in breeding pairs. Well-plumed males fed chicks more often than poorly plumed males and had the higher fledging success. Males contributed more to nest and nestling attendance when their mates were well plumed. Plumes appear to indicate the potential paternal care and the genetic quality of a mate.

This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.