Journal articles: 'IC Engine'

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Mat Noh, Nor Amelia Shafikah, Baljit Singh Bhathal Singh, Muhammad Fairuz Remeli, and Amandeep Oberoi. "Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery Using Thermoelectric Generator Heat Exchanger." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 82, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.82.2.1527.

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Heat engine converts chemical engine available in fuel to useful mechanical energy. One of the most famous heat engines is internal combustion (IC) engine. IC engine plays a pivotal role in transportation and other industrial applications. A lot of waste heat is rejected from a typical IC engine as the conversion efficiency of this type of engine is only about 35-40 %. The waste heat has the potential to be tapped and converted into useful energy. This can help to increase the performance of the IC engine system. This work focused on the conversion of the waste heat energy of the IC engine into electricity by using thermoelectric generator (TEG). The aim of the project was to demonstrate the applicability of TEG to convert waste heat from exhaust to useful electrical energy. Two TEGs were individually tested to attain the electrical characterization and also tested on series and parallel connections. The study showed that the series connection of TEGs has improved and increased voltage generation but parallel connection is more reliable. The system proved that the waste heat recovery using TEGs has tremendous application in IC engine for better and higher efficient engine performance.

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Shankar, Swapnil, Philipp Mösta, Jennifer Barnes, Paul C. Duffell, and Daniel Kasen. "Proto-magnetar jets as central engines for broad-lined Type Ic supernovae." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 508, no. 4 (October 20, 2021): 5390–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2964.

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ABSTRACT A subset of Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic), broad-lined SNe Ic (SNe Ic-bl), show unusually high kinetic energies (∼1052 erg) that cannot be explained by the energy supplied by neutrinos alone. Many SNe Ic-bl have been observed in coincidence with long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that suggests a connection between SNe and GRBs. A small fraction of core-collapse supernovae form a rapidly rotating and strongly magnetized protoneutron star (PNS), a proto-magnetar. Jets from such magnetars can provide the high kinetic energies observed in SNe Ic-bl and also provide the connection to GRBs. In this work, we use the jetted outflow produced in a 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic CCSN simulation from a consistently formed proto-magnetar as the central engine for full-star explosion simulations. We extract a range of central engine parameters and find that the extracted engine energy is in the range of 6.231 × 1051−1.725 × 1052 erg, the engine time-scale in the range of 0.479−1.159 s and the engine half-opening angle in the range of ∼9°−19°. Using these as central engines, we perform 2D special relativistic (SR) hydrodynamic (HD) and radiation transfer simulations to calculate the corresponding light curves and spectra. We find that these central engine parameters successfully produce SNe Ic-bl that demonstrates that jets from proto-magnetars can be viable engines for SNe Ic-bl. We also find that only the central engines with smaller opening angles (∼11°) form a GRB implying that GRB formation is likely associated with narrower jet outflows and Ic-bl’s without GRBs may be associated with wider outflows.

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Khan, T. M. Yunus. "A Review of Performance-Enhancing Innovative Modifications in Biodiesel Engines." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 26, 2020): 4395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174395.

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The ever-increasing demand for transport is sustained by internal combustion (IC) engines. The demand for transport energy is large and continuously increasing across the globe. Though there are few alternative options emerging that may eliminate the IC engine, they are in a developing stage, meaning the burden of transportation has to be borne by IC engines until at least the near future. Hence, IC engines continue to be the prime mechanism to sustain transportation in general. However, the scarcity of fossil fuels and its rising prices have forced nations to look for alternate fuels. Biodiesel has been emerged as the replacement of diesel as fuel for diesel engines. The use of biodiesel in the existing diesel engine is not that efficient when it is compared with diesel run engine. Therefore, the biodiesel engine must be suitably improved in its design and developments pertaining to the intake manifold, fuel injection system, combustion chamber and exhaust manifold to get the maximum power output, improved brake thermal efficiency with reduced fuel consumption and exhaust emissions that are compatible with international standards. This paper reviews the efforts put by different researchers in modifying the engine components and systems to develop a diesel engine run on biodiesel for better performance, progressive combustion and improved emissions.

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Samad, Mohd Abdul, Syed Nawazish Mehdi, and Syed Khader basha. "A Modified Cylinder Block-IC Engine Experimentation." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b2095.0210321.

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In Internal combustion Engines, the adequate cooling plays vital role for proper functioning and enhanced efficiencies. In the present scenario, the demand for Air cooled Engines with higher powers is increasing and hence necessity for Augmented heat transfer through fins. The present work confined to fins mounted on the cylinder block.In the present work, Internal Combustion Engine test rig is used, which consist of 4S, single cylinder, vertical, air cooled, SI Engine with Instrumentation panel, Throttle control mechanism and Electrical Loading system. The performance test on IC engine is carried out for three various configurations of cylinder blocks i.e., 1. Actual cylinder block 2.Cylinder block with triangular profile fins 3. Cylinder block with perforated triangular profile fins. Performance parameters are evaluated, plotted and compared & eventually conclusions are made.

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Mohd, Abdul Samad, Nawazish Mehdi Syed, and Khader basha Syed. "A Modified Cylinder Block-IC Engine Experimentation." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 10, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 6–8. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.B2095.0210321.

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In Internal combustion Engines, the adequate cooling plays vital role for proper functioning and enhanced efficiencies. In the present scenario, the demand for Air cooled Engines with higher powers is increasing and hence necessity for Augmented heat transfer through fins. The present work confined to fins mounted on the cylinder block.In the present work, Internal Combustion Engine test rig is used, which consist of 4S, single cylinder, vertical, air cooled, SI Engine with Instrumentation panel, Throttle control mechanism and Electrical Loading system. The performance test on IC engine is carried out for three various configurations of cylinder blocks i.e., 1. Actual cylinder block 2.Cylinder block with triangular profile fins 3. Cylinder block with perforated triangular profile fins. Performance parameters are evaluated, plotted and compared & eventually conclusions are made.

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Gradjin, Zoran. "IC engine and environment." Vojnotehnicki glasnik 50, no. 2 (2002): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg0202184g.

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Naveen Venkatesh, S., G. Chakrapani, S. Babudeva Senapti, K. Annamalai, M. Elangovan, V. Indira, V. Sugumaran, and Vetri Selvi Mahamuni. "Misfire Detection in Spark Ignition Engine Using Transfer Learning." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (July 8, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7606896.

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Misfire detection in an internal combustion engine is an important activity. Any undetected misfire can lead to loss of fuel and power in the automobile. As the fuel cost is more, one cannot afford to waste money because of the misfire. Even if one is ready to spend more money on fuel, the power of the engine comes down; thereby, the vehicle performance falls drastically because of the misfire in IC engines. Hence, researchers paid a lot of attention to detect the misfire in IC engines and rectify it. Drawbacks of conventional diagnostic techniques include the requirement of high level of human intelligence and professional expertise in the field, which made the researchers look for intelligent and automatic diagnostic tools. There are many techniques suggested by researchers to detect the misfire in IC engines. This paper proposes the use of transfer learning technology to detect the misfire in the IC engine. First, the vibration signals were collected from the engine head and plots are made which will work as input to the deep learning algorithms. The deep learning algorithms have the capability to learn from the plots of vibration signals and classify the state of the misfire in the IC engines. In the present work, the pretrained networks such as AlexNet, VGG-16, GoogLeNet, and ResNet-50 are employed to identify the misfire state of the engine. In the pretrained networks, the effect of hyperparameters such as back size, solver, learning rate, and train-test split ratio was studied and the best performing network was suggested for misfire detection.

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Yue, Zongyu, and Haifeng Liu. "Advanced Research on Internal Combustion Engines and Engine Fuels." Energies 16, no. 16 (August 11, 2023): 5940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16165940.

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Internal combustion (IC) engines serve as power devices that are widely applied in the fields of transport, engineering machinery, stationary power generation, etc., and are evolving towards the goal of higher efficiency and lower environmental impacts. In this Editorial, the role of IC engines for future transport and energy systems is discussed, and research directions for advancing IC engine and fuel technologies are recommended. Finally, we introduce the 14 technical papers collected for this Special Issue, which cover a wide range of research topics, including diesel spray characteristics, combustion technologies for low- and zero-carbon fuels, advanced combustion mode, fuel additive effects, engine operation under extreme conditions and advanced materials and manufacturing processes.

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Raguman. A, Abdul, Madhankumar D, Ajith B, Mohanasundaram V, and Nandhakumar V. "Current trends in Oxygen enriched combustion : Application and scrutiny." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (March 19, 2018): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10404.

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The populace in the global scenario has drastically increased in the past decades. Due to this situation, the necessity of transportation also escalated which simultaneously raised the pollution levels. Nowadays the populace commonly prefers their individual vehicles rather than public transport system. This made the automotive manufacturers to come up with new technologies and to compensate the stringent norms introduced by several countries. Internal Combustion engine has been serving the world more than a century and plays a vital role in the means of transportation. Many types of research were made to enhance the efficiency of IC engines by the use of alternative fuels, alteration of the intake parameters, stroke variation, usage of alternative materials etc., At present scenario of IC engine, the efficiency ranges between 35 – 50 % based on the technology used. If more efficient IC engines are used it would meet the demand of depleting fossil fuels. Such engines may prevent the demise of fossil fuels. Thus our project deals with the prospect to discuss the phenomenal changes and effects occurring on IC engine when the working fluid is enriched oxygen.

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Kumar, Jatinder. "Reliability Centred Planning, Mapping & Analysis of Electronics and Electrical Systems in Electric Mobility." Journal of Advanced Research in Manufacturing, Material Science & Metallurgical Engineering 08, no. 01 (April 19, 2021): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2456.429x.202101.

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Reliability of a product is very critical aspect for a new product to create a success story in present age. This paper is focused on automobile industry especially in electric mobility domain. IC engines are in this market from last 100+ years and too much improvement work has been done in IC engine domain. First car powered by IC engine was made in 1885 by Karl Benzand from 1885 to present the IC engine mobility have undergone numerous process improvements and established them as a reliable mode of mobility. There are many process models available online which can be used to improve the reliability of IC engine powered mobility. In case of electric mobility there is major integration of three different domains electrical, mechanical & electronics. Electrical mobility is just 2 decade old and major developments happened in this space in last one decade. The major challenge in electric mobility domain is the change content, in IC engine mobility the if we compare one car model to another car model the change content is <25% but in case of electric mobility vs IC engine mobility the change content is >75%. Now the challenge is to manage & effectively synchronize this high change content moreover to establish the product reliability as equal or better than existing IC engine powered mobility. There are various reliability improvement models are available in electrical, mechanical and electronics domain. There is a need to integrate the reliability improvement models of electrical and electronics domain with automobile (mechanical domain) keeping automobile reliability improvement models as masters of process so that to establish product reliability in electric mobility. The overall aim of this dissertation work is to develop a reliability engineering model to establish the reliability and dependability of electric mobility in future.

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CHŁOPEK, Zdzisław, Jacek BIEDRZYCKI, Jakub LASOCKI, and Piotr WÓJCIK. "Comparative examination of pollutant emission from an automotive internal combustion engine with the use of vehicle driving tests." Combustion Engines 164, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116490.

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The pollutant emission from automotive internal combustion (IC) engines is highly susceptible to engine operation states determined by vehicle velocity processes. The article presents results of comparative examinations of specific distance pollutant emission characteristics determined from various vehicle driving tests. The specific distance pollutant emission was determined using vehicle type-approval and special tests as well as tests developed at the Automotive Industry Institute (PIMOT), treated as realizations of the stochastic process of vehicle velocity. The research results confirmed high susceptibility of the IC engine pollutant emission to the engine operation states, which endorses the usefulness of treating the conditions of operation of automotive engines as stochastic processes.

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Tran, Viet Dung, Prabhakar Sharma, and Lan Huong Nguyen. "Digital twins for internal combustion engines: A brief review." Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 2, 2023): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.61435/jese.2023.5.

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The adoption of digital twin technology in the realm of internal combustion (IC) engines has been attracting a lot of interest. This review article offers a comprehensive summary of digital twin applications and effects in the IC engine arena. Digital twins, which are virtual counterparts of real-world engines, allow for real-time monitoring, diagnostics, and predictive modeling, resulting in improved design, development, and operating efficiency. This abstract digs into the creation of a full virtual depiction of IC engines using data-driven models, physics-based simulations, and IoT sensor data. The study looks at how digital twins can potentially be used throughout the engine's lifespan, including design validation, performance optimization, and condition-based maintenance. This paper emphasizes the critical role of digital twins in revolutionizing IC engine operations, resulting in enhanced reliability, decreased downtime, and enhanced emissions control through a methodical analysis of significant case studies and innovations.

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Ahmedi, Ranaji Arib Hafiz Ayyub Akbar. "Forced Induction Technologies in an IC Engine: A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 25, 2021): 2766–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35582.

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This study has been undertaken to show the performance enhancement of engines using different Forced induction technologies. Forced induction technology like turbocharging and supercharging can enhance the performance of an internal combustion engine by compressing inlet air charge, allowing full engine power to be produced efficiently. As the fuel economy and greenhouse emission standards are projected to be far more stringent globally, the use of a Forced induction engine in passenger cars and light-duty trucks has become an inevitable trend within the automotive industry. A turbocharger system can effectively improve the power and torque of an engine, but turbo hysteresis exists. A mechanical supercharging system can boost at low speed, but the efficiency is lower. An electric supercharger can effectively improve the intake air at the early stage of accelerated working conditions, however, an electric supercharger will consume the engine power. The addition of Forced induction technologies to an IC engine helps with the scope of downsizing it. This review brings forward all the aspects of Forced induction technologies

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Chen, Lei, Hong Jun Ni, De Qin She, and Yin Nan Yuan. "Current Research of Biodiesel Used on IC Engine and Improved Measures of Emissions." Advanced Materials Research 887-888 (February 2014): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.887-888.473.

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The emission mechanism of biodiesel used on IC engine is analyzed, as well as the summary of the research of domestic and abroad situation about biodiesel used on IC engine. The improved measures, which is under the premise of not affecting power performance and economic efficiency of IC engine, combining the emission process of IC engine was presented, it needs some measures to improve the quality of biodiesel and the system of IC engine to control the emission of the harmful substances, in this way the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution can be ameliorated.

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Jain, Diwanshu, and Shailendra Kumar Gupta. "Battery Operated Hybrid Vehicle/Systems." Indian Journal of Signal Processing 2, no. 4 (January 30, 2024): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54105/ijsp.e1012.02041122.

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By the use of Battery operated Hybrid vehicle/system helps in reducing the pollution/emission and also reduces the consumption of fossil fuel (petrol, diesel, CNG etc.) Without compromising its performance, may leads to this hybrid design more economical as well as more ecofriendly when compare it with convention vehicles (fossil fuel operated IC engine Vehicles). The main advantages of using hybrid vehicle is flexibility in choosing any two engines it may be either Petrol engine with electric motor/generator, diesel engine with electric motor /generator etc. The traction battery used in Battery operated hybrid vehicle is either charge by using renewable energy sources or by using IC engine provide in combination with its.

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Diwanshu, Jain. "Battery Operated Hybrid Vehicle/Systems." Indian Journal of Signal Processing (IJSP) 2, no. 4 (November 30, 2023): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.54105/ijsp.E1012.02041122.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>By the use of Battery operated Hybrid vehicle/system helps in reducing the pollution/emission and also reduces the consumption of fossil fuel (petrol, diesel, CNG etc.) Without compromising its performance, may leads to this hybrid design more economical as well as more ecofriendly when compare it with convention vehicles (fossil fuel operated IC engine Vehicles). The main advantages of using hybrid vehicle is flexibility in choosing any two engines it may be either Petrol engine with electric motor/generator, diesel engine with electric motor /generator etc. The traction battery used in Battery operated hybrid vehicle is either charge by using renewable energy sources or by using IC engine provide in combination with its.

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Dhirendra, Patel, Kumar Singh Abhishek, and sarda and Ritu raj Chirag. "REVIEW SIX STROKE ENGINE." International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics (IJCI) 6, no. 1/2 (April 30, 2017): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijci.2017.6207.

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Now a day the most difficult challenges in engine technology is to increase its thermal efficiency, If the efficiency is higher, than there will less fuel consumption and lower atmospheric emissions per unit of work produced by the engine. In Six Stroke engine, the name indicates a cycle of six strokes in which two are useful power strokes. The engine which we get by adding two more stroke in existing four stroke engines generates more power with higher fuel efficiency. The exhausted heat generated form four stroke cycle is used in this engine to get an additional power and exhaust stroke of the piston in the same cylinder. In this engine, steam is produce from water with the help of heat generated from four-stroke cycle, which is later used as a working fluid for the additional power stroke. This steam will force the piston down. As well as extracting power, the additional stroke cools the engine by water which is used for steam generation and removes the need for a cooling system which is used in four stroke Otto cycle and makes the engine lighter and giving 40% increased efficiency over the normal Otto cycle. In six stroke engine. The pistons go up and down six times for each injection of fuel. These six stroke engines have two power strokes: one by fuel, one by steam

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Dhirendra, Patel, Kumar Singh Abhishek, and sarda and Ritu raj Chirag. "REVIEW SIX STROKE ENGINE." International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics (IJCI) 6, no. 1/2 (April 30, 2017): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijci.2017.6224.

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Now a day the most difficult challenges in engine technology is to increase its thermal efficiency, If the efficiency is higher, than there will less fuel consumption and lower atmospheric emissions per unit of work produced by the engine. In Six Stroke engine, the name indicates a cycle of six strokes in which two are useful power strokes. The engine which we get by adding two more stroke in existing four stroke engines generates more power with higher fuel efficiency. The exhausted heat generated form four stroke cycle is used in this engine to get an additional power and exhaust stroke of the piston in the same cylinder. In this engine, steam is produce from water with the help of heat generated from four-stroke cycle, which is later used as a working fluid for the additional power stroke. This steam will force the piston down. As well as extracting power, the additional stroke cools the engine by water which is used for steam generation and removes the need for a cooling system which is used in four stroke Otto cycle and makes the engine lighter and giving 40% increased efficiency over the normal Otto cycle. In six stroke engine. The pistons go up and down six times for each injection of fuel. These six stroke engines have two power strokes: one by fuel, one by steam

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Doric, Jovan, and Ivan Klinar. "Efficiency of a new internal combustion engine concept with variable piston motion." Thermal Science 18, no. 1 (2014): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci110923020d.

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This paper presents simulation of working process in a new IC engine concept. The main feature of this new IC engine concept is the realization of variable movement of the piston. With this unconventional piston movement it is easy to provide variable compression ratio, variable displacement and combustion during constant volume. These advantages over standard piston mechanism are achieved through synthesis of the two pairs of non-circular gears. Presented mechanism is designed to obtain a specific motion law which provides better fuel consumption of IC engines. For this paper Ricardo/WAVE software was used, which provides a fully integrated treatment of time-dependent fluid dynamics and thermodynamics by means of onedimensional formulation. The results obtained herein include the efficiency characteristic of this new heat engine concept. The results show that combustion during constant volume, variable compression ratio and variable displacement have significant impact on improvement of fuel consumption.

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Masoničić, Z., I. Grujić, A. Davinić, S. Savić, and R. Pešić. "Numerical analysis of intake port modification onto fluid flow pattern and flame propagation in particular combustion chamber." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1271, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1271/1/012007.

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Abstract It is known for a long time that inlet port geometry has a great influence onto fluid flow pattern and flame propagation in spark ignition IC engines. In this paper only the initial results of the very complex study on the effects that proposed inlet port modification has onto the in-cylinder flow processes including the combustion stage, in particular. The study mentioned below incorporates state of the art multidimensional numerical modelling of reactive flow in the inlet port and combustion chamber geometry layout with moving boundaries of spark ignition IC engine with two valves. The main objective of this study is to investigate the possibilities for improvement the IC engine output characteristics through the inlet port modifications. Bearing in mind that flame propagation through unburnt mixture of spark ignition IC engine is primarily controlled by dint of turbulence diffusion, it is of prime importance for engine optimization to correctly identify the influence of certain types of organized flows onto the fluid flow pattern and flame propagation. The efforts for improvement have to be aimed on the type of organized flow or eventually their combination that is of prime importance for further development of the in-cylinder processes and combustion stage.

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CICHY, Marian, Jacek KROPIWNICKI, and Sławomir MAKOWSKI. "A model of the IC engine in the form of the bond graph (BG)." Combustion Engines 119, no. 2 (November 1, 2004): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117417.

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Grounds for the use of the bond graph method in the modeling of internal combustion (IC) engines, which are energy sources in systems consisting of different physical nature elements have been presented. The model of hybrid vehicle, as an example of such system, has been presented. Examples of definitions of the main engine parameters, which follow the established BG convention have been given. A proposal of formalization of the IC engine characteristics, which follows the selected method of modeling, has been presented as well as an analytic form of the characteristic as the multidimensional vector function. Example of the engine characteristic approximation with the use of the “Spline” functions and author’s computer programs has been given.

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Mohamad, Barhm. "Review Article: Effect of Ethanol-Gasoline Fuel Blends on the Exhaust Emissions and Characteristics of SI Engines." Vehicle and Automotive Engineering 2, no. 1 (March 23, 2019): 2941. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2603865.

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The stricter worldwide emission legislation and growing demands for lower fuel consumption and anthropogenic CO, NOx and HC emissions require significant efforts to improve combustion efficiency of SI engines while satisfying the emission quality demands. In this review, different volume % of ethanol fuel combined with gasoline provide particularly promising and at the same time, a challenging approach. Ethanol is widely used as an alternative fuel or an effective additive of gasoline due to the advantage of its high-octane number and it self-sustaining concept, which can be supplied regardless of the fossil fuel for the contribution of its faster flame speed, leading to enhanced combustion initiation and stability and improved engine efficiency. As a result, numerous studies have been carried out to study its effects on engine performance and emission. Nearly all published engine experimental results showed a significant improvement in combustion characteristics and enhanced engine performance for the use of ethanol-gasoline blend as fuel. Moreover, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen emissions were also significantly decreased. The objective of this paper is to provide latest fuel blend technique through literature review and their effects on the emission and performance of SI engines.

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Kim, Yong Wha, Giorgio Rizzoni, and Yue-Yun Wang. "Design of An IC Engine Torque Estimator Using Unknown Input Observer." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 121, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2802500.

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The torque produced by each combustion in an engine is one of the most important indices tied to internal combustion engine performance. In this paper, an approach is investigated to estimate engine torque. Instead of employing expensive and delicate combustion pressure sensors to directly measure indicated pressure in each cylinder, unknown input observers are exploited to estimate cylinder indicated torque using one or more low-cost measurements of crankshaft angular position. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such torque estimators for multi-cylinder engines are presented in the paper; these include the number of angular position sensors required and their suggested placement. Model reduction issues and the number of measurements required to obtain an acceptable estimate are also considered. The approach is applied to a six-cylinder industrial diesel engine.

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TUTAK, Wojciech, and Arkadiusz JAMROZIK. "Modelling of the thermal cycle of a gas engine using AVL FIRE Software." Combustion Engines 141, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117152.

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Paper presents results of modelling gas engine thermal cycle using AVL FIRE and KIVA 3V software. There are described three combustion models used in software. KIVA and FIRE software are used in Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Control Engineering for analysis of thermal cycle of IC engines. FIRE software gives many possibilities with many combustion models. All used combustion models are dependent on turbulence of flow field before ignition. Comparison of modelling results of thermal cycle of IC engine is presented in paper. Pressure, temperature, heat release and turbulence parameters variations in function of crank angle as well as spatial distribution of above mentioned quantities at selected crank angles were determined.

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Albert K. Arkoh, Esther B. Kyere, and Isaac Edunyah. "Comparative analysis of engine running performance with and without thermostat." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 4, no. 1 (November 30, 2021): 047–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021.4.1.0171.

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The rate of removal of internal combustion (IC) engine thermostat when engines are imported to Ghana and other part of African continent is alarming. Such phenomenon calls for an experiment to compare the performance of IC engines imported here in Ghana running with and without engine thermostat. The analysis was done by determine engine performance characteristic such as engine torque, indicated power (Ip), brake power (bp), frictional power (fp), fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature (EGT) as well as exhaust emission at engine speed of 1500 rpm for engine running with thermostat (WT) and without thermostat (WOT). Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were done using GenStat software (VSN International, 2021). Statistical significance was carried out at p≤0.05. The best fuel mean value of 103 ml was recorded for engine condition WT at EGT of 283.2 °C while fuel consumed for engine condition WOT was 170 ml at EGT of 155.4 °C. The recorded mean exhaust emission gases for Ex, O2, CO, H2S were 13.2%, 16.2%, 1000 ppm and 35.2 ppm and 0%, 18.38%, 393.2 ppm and 0.4 ppm for engine condition WOT and WT respectively. There was significant difference (p≤0.05) in mean values of EGT, Fuel consumption and exhaust emissions for engine condition WOT with the exception of O2. The removal of engine thermostat affect engine working temperature which result in incomplete combustion, high fuel consumption and high exhaust emissions.

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BHASKARA. "Comparative study of alternative fuels for sustainable IC engine operation." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 512–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.1.0407.

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The increasing environmental concerns, coupled with the rapid depletion of conventional fossil fuels, have prompted the automotive industry to explore alternative energy sources that can support the continued operation of internal combustion (IC) engines in a more sustainable manner. The need to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, reduce dependence on finite fossil resources, and meet stringent environmental regulations has led to extensive research and development efforts in identifying viable alternative fuels. These fuels must not only align with the performance requirements of modern IC engines but also minimize their environmental footprint.This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of various alternative fuels, including biodiesel, ethanol, hydrogen, natural gas, and synthetic fuels, each of which offers unique advantages and challenges. The study evaluates these fuels across key parameters, such as fuel availability, energy content, emissions profile, required engine modifications, and overall sustainability. The analysis takes into consideration the economic feasibility and infrastructure requirements for large-scale adoption of each fuel.Furthermore, the paper highlights the technological advancements and modifications necessary to optimize IC engines for these alternative fuels. This includes the impact of alternative fuels on engine efficiency, power output, fuel economy, and maintenance requirements. Special attention is given to emissions reduction strategies, with a focus on how each fuel contributes to lowering carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and particulate matter (PM) emissions.In addition to evaluating the current state of alternative fuels, the paper addresses the challenges associated with their adoption, including production scalability, distribution infrastructure, and compatibility with existing vehicle technologies. Finally, the future prospects of integrating these fuels into automotive applications are explored, considering the rapid rise of electric vehicles and other emerging technologies that may further influence the role of IC engines in the transition to sustainable transportation.The findings of this study suggest that while no single alternative fuel is likely to fully replace conventional gasoline and diesel in the near future, a combination of fuels, along with continued innovation in fuel production, engine technology, and policy support, will be necessary to achieve sustainable IC engine operation. The paper concludes by outlining the critical research areas and policy initiatives needed to promote the wider adoption of alternative fuels in the automotive sector.

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Beresnev, Alex, and Max Beresnev. "Vibroacoustic Method of IC Engine Diagnostics." SAE International Journal of Engines 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-0282.

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O'Reilly, P., S. Thompson, and C. Gong. "Development of an IC Engine Simulator." Measurement and Control 26, no. 10 (December 1993): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029409302601004.

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After demonstrating the need for real-time simulation, it is shown that a transputer-based system can be used to mimic the functional elements of an analogue computer. This analogue approach to the modelling of dynamical systems, combined with the transputer's inherent digital mode of operation, results in a low-cost quasihybrid computer. In particular, it is shown how the quasi-hybrid computer is used to simulate an internal combustion (IC) engine model.

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Sahamijoo, Amirzubir, Farzin Piltan, Shahnaz Tayebihaghighi, and Nasrib Sulaiman. "Functional-Based Auto-Tuned IC Engine." International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2016): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijunesst.2016.9.12.05.

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Durst, F., and H. Krebs. "Adaptive optics for IC-engine measurements." Experiments in Fluids 4, no. 4 (1986): 232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00717819.

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Northam, G. B., and H. K. Rivers. "IC Engine Applications of Carbon-Carbon." Advanced Engineering Materials 2, no. 9 (September 2000): 583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1527-2648(200009)2:9<583::aid-adem583>3.0.co;2-a.

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Kanna, Rajesh, and Manikandan Saravana. "Intelligent Vision Inspection System for IC Engine Head: An ANN Approach." Advanced Materials Research 479-481 (February 2012): 2242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.479-481.2242.

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A machine vision system based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for inspection of IC Engine block was developed to identify the misalignment and improper diminishing of holes in the IC Engine block. The developed machine vision and ANN module is compared with the commercial MATLAB® software and found results were satisfactory. This work is broadly divided into four stages, namely Intelligent inspection module, Machine Vision module, ANN module and Expert system module. A system with a camera was used to capture the various segments of head of the IC Engine block. The captured bitmap format image of IC Engine block has to be filtered to remove the noises present while capturing and the size is also altered using SPIHT method to an acceptable size and will be given as input to ANN. Generalized ANN with Back-propagation algorithm was used to inspect the IC Engine block. ANN has to be trained to provide the inspected report.

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Jagadeesh,, J. "Design and Stress Analysis of an IC Engine Piston Using Different Materials." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 03 (March 25, 2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem42950.

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The project titled “Design and Analysis of an IC Engine Piston” focuses on developing an optimized piston design for an internal combustion (IC) engine through advanced modelling and simulation techniques. The piston is a critical component subjected to extreme mechanical and thermal loads during engine operation, making its design and material selection essential for ensuring durability and performance. The project begins with the conceptual design of the piston using SolidWorks software, incorporating standard design parameters such as bore diameter, stroke length, and compression ratio. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is then used to evaluate the structural integrity of the piston under thermal and mechanical stresses during the combustion cycle. The analysis includes stress distribution and deformation to identify potential failure zones. Material selection is also considered, comparing conventional aluminium alloys with advanced materials such as reinforced composites to enhance strength and heat dissipation. Design modifications, including optimization of piston geometry and weight reduction, are implemented to improve engine efficiency and reduce wear. The results of the analysis provide insights into improving piston durability and performance, contributing to the development of more efficient and reliable IC engines. This study offers a comprehensive approach to enhancing the design lifecycle of engine pistons by integrating simulation, material science, and mechanical analysis Keywords: stress distribution, deformation, potential failure zones

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Robinson, K., M. Wilson, M. J. Leathard, and J. G. Hawley. "Computational modelling of convective heat transfer in a simulated engine cooling gallery." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 221, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 1147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto450.

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Experimental data from internal combustion (IC) engines suggests that the use of proprietary computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes for the prediction of coolant-side heat transfer within IC engine coolant jackets often results in underprediction of the convective heat transfer coefficient. An experimental and computational study, based on a coolant gallery simulator rig designed specifically to reproduce realistic IC engine operating conditions, has been conducted to explore this issue. It is shown that the standard ‘wall function’ approach normally used in CFD models to model near-wall conditions does not adequately represent some features of the flow that are relevant in convective heat transfer. Alternative modelling approaches are explored to account for these shortcomings and an empirical approach is shown to be successful; however, the methodology is not easily transferable to other situations.

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Cardoso, Daniel Silva, Paulo Oliveira Fael, Pedro Dinis Gaspar, and António Espírito-Santo. "An Innovative Mechanical Approach to Mitigating Torque Fluctuations in IC Engines during Idle Operation." Designs 8, no. 3 (May 17, 2024): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs8030047.

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Internal combustion engines have been a major contributor to air pollution. Replacing these engines with electric propulsion systems presents significant challenges due to different countries’ needs and limitations. An active, purely mechanical solution to the problem of irregular torque production in an alternative internal combustion engine is proposed. This solution uses an actuator built on a camshaft and a spring, which stores and returns energy during the engine operating cycle, allowing torque production to be normalized, avoiding heavy flywheels. Designed for control throughout the engine’s duty cycle, this system incorporates a cam profile and a spring mechanism. The spring captures energy during the expansion stroke, which is then released to the engine during the intake and compression strokes. Simple, lightweight, and efficient, this system ensures smoother and more consistent engine operations. It presents a viable alternative to the heavy and problematic dual-mass flywheels that were introduced in the 1980s and are still in use. This innovative approach could significantly enhance the performance and reliability of alternative internal combustion engines without notable energy losses.

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Hu, Zhemin, Ramin Tafazzoli Mehrjardi, Lin Lai, and Mehrdad Ehsani. "Optimal Hybridization of Conventional ICE Vehicles." Eng 2, no. 4 (November 12, 2021): 592–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng2040037.

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Most commercially available hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) drivetrains are made of small internal combustion (IC) engines and large electric drives to improve fuel economy. They usually have higher cost than the conventional IC-engine-based vehicles because of the high costs of the electric drives. This paper proposes a hybridized powertrain composed of the original full-size engine of the vehicle and a universally optimum size parallel electric drive. The dynamic programming (DP) algorithm was used to obtain the sensitivity of the maximum miles per gallon (MPG) values versus the power rating of the electric drive. This sensitivity was then analyzed to determine the optimal window of the electric drive power ratings. This was proven to be universal for all passenger cars of various masses and engine powers. The fuel economy and vehicle performance of this HEV was compared with those of the 2019 Toyota Corolla, a conventional IC-engine-based vehicle, and the 2019 Toyota Prius, a commercially available HEV. The results showed that the proposed universally optimized HEV powertrain achieved better fuel economy and vehicle performance than both the original ICE and HEV vehicles, at low additional vehicle cost.

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Koszałka, Grzegorz, and Andrzej Niewczas. "Prediction of IC Engine Power System Durability with the Use of Ring Pack Model." Journal of Konbin 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10040-008-0156-x.

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Prediction of IC Engine Power System Durability with the Use of Ring Pack ModelThe paper presents the new method of engine life prediction, which bases on the results of wear measurements taken on an investigated engine and simulations carried out with the use of the analytical model of ring pack of the engine. In the contrary to traditional methods the proposed method does not require the prior knowledge of the limit wear value, which is essential for the prediction, however its reliable establishing for new engines is difficult. In the presented method its value is determined with the use of the ring pack model. The example of durability calculation for an automotive diesel engine is also presented.

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Izadi Najafabadi, Mohammad, and Nuraini Abdul Aziz. "Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion: Challenges and Proposed Solutions." Journal of Combustion 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/783789.

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Engine and car manufacturers are experiencing the demand concerning fuel efficiency and low emissions from both consumers and governments. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is an alternative combustion technology that is cleaner and more efficient than the other types of combustion. Although the thermal efficiency andNOxemission of HCCI engine are greater in comparison with traditional engines, HCCI combustion has several main difficulties such as controlling of ignition timing, limited power output, and weak cold-start capability. In this study a literature review on HCCI engine has been performed and HCCI challenges and proposed solutions have been investigated from the point view ofIgnition Timingthat is the main problem of this engine. HCCI challenges are investigated by many IC engine researchers during the last decade, but practical solutions have not been presented for a fully HCCI engine. Some of the solutions are slow response time and some of them are technically difficult to implement. So it seems that fully HCCI engine needs more investigation to meet its mass-production and the future research and application should be considered as part of an effort to achieve low-temperature combustion in a wide range of operating conditions in an IC engine.

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Mahesh, G., Hiregoudar Yerrennagoudar, R. H. M. Somanath Swamy, and S. Sharth Kumar. "Emission characteristics of modified inlet poppet valve." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2054, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2054/1/012009.

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Abstract In the case of a diesel engine, air is very important for increasing and decreasing engine parameters. On IC engines, air enters through an inlet valve passage, which is more critical. This is a promising combustion strategy for achieving homogeneity that combines the benefits of both SI and CI engines. Turbulence must be created in engines to achieve homogeneity, and as a result, swirl flow will be activated in the ignition chamber. In light of the stream properties of air streaming in different structures of the CI engine’s air inlet channel, many types are available to create swirl flow for enhancing engine efficiency and lowering emissions. The advantages of an HCCI engine is that it produces low NOx emissions by burning a lean mixture of charge. Working in cylinder with emission in exhaust gas are HC, CO, CO2 and Nox of CI engine, this is based on chamber pressure, temperature, loss of heat transfer on chamber surfaces, and working in cylinder with HC, CO, CO2 and Nox of CI engine. Changes to the inlet route must be performed to create turbulent conditions in order to improve IC engine characteristics. Turbulent will improve the uniformity of the air/fuel mixture at all ignition chamber entry points. This research is aimed at lowering emissions by modifying the inlet poppet valve of a four-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine. For modified inlet poppet valves of HC, CO for modified (masking) inlet poppet valve (4M), and CO2 for modified (masking) inlet poppet valve (4M), emission levels are lowered (2M).

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Sivanantham, A., J. Devaraj, Bhanuteja Sanduru, Muntather M. Hassan, B. K. Bhagyashree, Awadhesh Chandramauli, and Satyendra Singh. "Study on the failure effect analysis of IC engine cylinder head." E3S Web of Conferences 563 (2024): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456302010.

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This study presents the failure analysis of multi-cylinder head material for light duty vehicles (cars), which is made of aluminum alloys. Material cracks and wear form intensively due to thermo-mechanical stress caused by engine function or any load. In order for the cylinders to develop sufficient compression for engine running, the cylinder head's primary job is to assist the head gasket in sealing the cylinders. The cylinder head of a four-stroke engine houses the spark plugs, injectors, gas-exchange valves, and the valve gear overall in the majority of these engines. According to the quantity and arrangement of valves as well as the shape of the combustion chamber, several designs might exist. Because they dissipate heat more effectively and weigh less, cast aluminum alloys AS7GU (A356+0.5%), A319, and A356 are the most often utilized in cylinder head designs today. The general issue of engine head failures is very risky and comprehensive, based on material failures such as cracks and wear due to transient vibration, over-temperature, or any impact loads during accidents. In this research, the metallurgical examination will be conducted by altering material of aluminum alloy 7000 series i.e., Aluminum 7068. The proposed material behavior of the engine head was also examined by Finite Element Analysis.

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Amit, Shukla* Praveen Nagesh &. Sonu Navgotri. "EVALUATION OF EMISSION AND EFFICIENCY OF SINGLE CYLINDER FOUR –STROKE DIESEL ENGINE USING EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION PROCESS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 8, no. 3 (March 30, 2019): 271–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770251.

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In recent days, internal combustion (IC) engines are playing an important role in the field of automobiles due to their advantages. Still, the fuel consumption and thermal efficiency are the factors defining the performance of the engine. In an IC engine, homogeneous charge refers to the complete mixture of fuel (petrol or diesel) and air entering the chamber. In an ideal world, this would imply complete dispersion of the atomized fuel by air. This work utilizes the four-stroke diesel engine for the experimental purpose to evaluate the efficiency of the engine and also the emission level. The efficiency of the engine is enhanced by using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) process. The improvement of engine efficiency is performed by minimizing the throttling losses, reducing the heat rejection, and decreasing the molecular separation with the help of EGR process. The experimental setup includes a heat exchanger at the engine's manifold, and when the heat exchanger's fresh charge and outlet pipes come into contact, heat transfer can occur. The experimental results proved that the EGR process is enhancing the brake thermal efficiency and reduced the fuel consumption ratio. Moreover, the mechanical efficiency of the engine also increases and reduces the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) from the engine.

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Guo, Xiao Ping, Wei Zheng, and Yi Chao Wu. "The Application of VB Matlab and AutoCAD in IC Engine Optimization Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 1951–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.1951.

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Estimating the advantages and disadvantages of Matlab/Simulink, Visual Basic (VB) and AutoCAD software, the model of the working process of internal combustion (IC) engine was built based on Matlab/Simulink, and the drawing programs for engine structure were written with the parametric design language AutoLISP. A user-friendly VB interface of inputting parameter was established, realizing VB coupled with AutoCAD and Matlab/Simulink software. Calling the AutoLISP drawing program nested in the AutoCAD and Matlab/Simulink software via VB, integration of the simulation and analysis of the engine and the CAD drawing of its body can be achieved. Its more efficient to analyze the performance and optimize the structure parameters of engines.

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Grujic, Ivan, Jovan Doric, Oday Abdullah, Nadica Stojanovic, and Aleksandar Davinic. "The influence of the hydrogen injection timing on the IC engine working cycle." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2020): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci190816346g.

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From an ecological aspect, the hydrogen has all properties to be a very good fuel for IC engines. However the high combustion speed, as well as the possibility of backfire, is inconvenient properties of port injection. In this paper, the influence of the injection timing on the IC engine working cycle parameters (pressure and temperature) was investigated deeply. The investigation, of the injection timing influence on the IC engine working cycle parameters, was performed numerically by application of ANSYS software. It was observed the geometry of the real engine with added pre chamber, in order of layer mixture formation and pressure damping, because of high combustion speed. The results are presented for four cases with different injection timing and the same spark timing. By earlier injection, the time for mixing rise as well as the possibility of homogenization and uniform mixture creation, in pre chamber and cylinder. This claim it is confirmed on the basis of obtaining pressure and pressure rise gradient, which are growing with earlier injection, because of hydrogen combustion characteristics in stoichiometric mixture. The higher pressures as well as the surface under the diagram are positive from the aspect of the engine efficiency. However, with the earlier injection, the values of the pressure rise gradient are higher than for the classic diesel engine. This means that this phenomena can cause brutal engine work from the aspect of mechanical stresses. However the value of the maximum pressure is smaller than this in a diesel engine, this is due to added pre chamber, which has decreased the compression ratio.

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Chen, Jian, Robert Randall, Bart Peeters, Wim Desmet, and Herman Van der Auweraer. "Artificial Neural Network Based Fault Diagnosis of IC Engines." Key Engineering Materials 518 (July 2012): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.518.47.

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Fault diagnosis is important to avoid unforeseen failures of IC engines, but normally requires an expert to interpret analysis results. Artificial Neural Networks are potential tools for the automated fault diagnosis of IC engines, as they can learn the patterns corresponding to various faults. Most engine faults can be classified into two categories: combustion faults and mechanical faults. Misfire is a typical combustion fault; piston slap and big end bearing knock are common mechanical faults. The automated diagnostic system proposed in this paper has three main stages, each stage including three neural networks. The first stage is the fault detection stage, where the neural networks detect whether there are faults in the engine and if so which kind. In the second stage, based on the detection results, the severity of the faults was identified. In the third stage, the neural networks localize which cylinder has a fault. The critical thing for a neural network is its input feature vector, and a previous study had indicated a number of features that should differentiate between the different faults and their location, based on advanced signal processing of the vibration signals measured for different normal and fault conditions. In this study, an advanced feature selection technology was employed to select the significant features as the inputs to networks. The input vectors were separated into two groups, one for training the network, and the other for its validation. Finally it has been demonstrated that the neural network based system can automatically differentiate and diagnose a number of engine faults, including location and severity.

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Kumar, K. M., P. Venkateswaran, and P. Suresh. "Effective Fuel Consumption by Improving Cooling Water Flow Rate in IC Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 812 (November 2015): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.812.112.

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The coolant (water) pump assumes an important role of cooling system in IC engines. With upgrading of the engine power by turbocharging and turbo inter cooling, the water pump capacity needs to be increased corresponding to the power. This capacity enhancement has to be achieved without calling for a major change in the existing water pump, envelop and related fitment details. This requires a clear understanding of centrifugal pump for its performance parameter. One such engine is upgraded by turbocharging from 195PS to 240PS @2200 rpm. Improving water pump flow by changing the impeller dimensions, impeller casing, increase the suction, delivery pipe diameter had been done. Validation of the water pump in its actual engine installation was taken up as a part of the research work. Flow rate comparison of the new pump with the existing pump was made and the results were analyzed. The new water pump gives better flow rates for the engine speeds up to1800 rpm, beyond which the flow rate is slightly lesser than the existing pump.

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Rajendran, S., K. Ganesan, K. Sakthivel, SM Murugesan, and T. Paramaguru. "Experiment and Investigation in Reducing Emission from an IC Engine by using Inlet Helical Roller." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 10 (October 9, 2021): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/10725.

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This research paper reports that in-cylinder flow formation in a combustion engine has a major influence on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics. Air and fuel enters the combustion chamber of an engine throughout the intake manifold with high velocity. So, it introduces a helical roller in the path of inlet stream of mixture. It achieved the swirl by using a component that could be easily integrated into any existing engines at low engine speed. The performance of the engine increases and completes the combustion, leads to reduced emissions and small change in volumetric efficiency. It is also proved that increased swirl movement introduces helical roller that helps the flame spread which used into constant heat transfer rate. This suggests to a new combustion technique that should be developed to yield improved primary combustion processes in-side the engine with significantly reduced exhaust gas emissions.

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Sajag, Poudel, and Deb Dipan. "Study of Modified Internal Combustion Engine to Run with Ethanol." International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Volume 4 Issue 8 (August 2017), Volume 4 Issue 8 (August 2017) (December 20, 2017): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1119140.

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Moving across the emerging trends of renewable energy sources, ethanol has attracted more attention because it is considered as a renewable resource and is easily obtained from sugar or starch. Moreover, ethanol fuel as an IC engine fuel would be able to solve the issue of carbon emission and environmental pollution. Ethanol can replace conventional gasoline to be used as a fuel for automotive. This paper is about the results and analysis obtained during the test of an IC engine with ethanol before and after modification. As we want to run an IC engine with ethanol, its physical and chemical properties play crucial role. Due to different physical & chemical properties of ethanol than that of gasoline, proper engine parameters should be maintained in gasoline engine to run it with ethanol i.e. the stoichiometric ratio needs to be maintained. An attempt to test gasoline based IC engine using ethanol initially didn’t give promising result in terms of efficiency and mileage. Carburetor of engine was modified so as to maintain proper stoichiometric ratio which improved the brake power of engine but with more fuel consumption; resulting to lesser thermal efficiency at the end. Finally, the optimal utilization of ethanol in the modified gasoline engine was done by changing the compression ratio of the engine. Since, ethanol has higher octane rating, it can sustain higher compression ratio and boost up the engine performance. The gasoline & ethanol (with modified carburettor) test was done in 4 stroke gasoline engine test rig and the results like brake power, specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency was analysed. The loss in efficiency in case of ethanol was brought down by increasing the compression ratio of same engine. Due to some feasibility constraint, variable compression ratio (VCR) engine was used for experiments rather than changing the compression ratio of the engine itself.

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A, Suryaprakash, Kumaravel K, Kulandaivel D, and Ramesh K. "Study and Performance Characteristics of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Using Alternative Fuels." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 1062–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48746.

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Abstract: Biogas is the one of the best alternative fuel for IC engines. However some improvements and different techniques are still needed. In this research biogas with petrol fuelled Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine performance was to be studied. The current study shows that biogas with petrol using GDI engine, particularly beneficial to reach interesting conversion efficiencies. It allows a significant boost in energy conversion from biogas compared to existing system.

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Y, Basava Raj. "Power Generation from IC Engine Exhaust Gases." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 3 (March 31, 2018): 3390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.3717.

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Griaznov, V., N. Trigui, H. Affes, and D. Smith. "Cfd Based Shape Optimization of Ic Engine." Oil & Gas Science and Technology 54, no. 2 (March 1999): 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst:1999029.

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Journal articles on the topic 'IC Engine'

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