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Journal articles on the topic 'ICDP programme'

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Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Sherr, Lorraine, Ane-Marthe Solheim Skar, Claudine Clucas, Stephen von Tetzchner, and Karsten Hundeide. "Evaluation of the International Child Development Programme (ICDP) as a community-wide parenting programme." European Journal of Developmental Psychology 11, no. 1 (2013): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2013.793597.

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Skar, Ane-Marthe Solheim, Stephen von Tetzchner, Claudine Clucas, and Lorraine Sherr. "The long-term effectiveness of the International Child Development Programme (ICDP) implemented as a community-wide parenting programme." European Journal of Developmental Psychology 12, no. 1 (2014): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2014.950219.

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Suleymanov, Farid Alamdar oglu. "POSITIVE INTERACTION IN AN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: MANIFESTATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CHILD DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (ICDP)." Education and science journal, no. 3 (April 6, 2016): 156–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2016-3-156-176.

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Savosnick, Grethe, and Nina Olsvold. "Endringer i pakistanske og somaliske mødres oppdragelsespraksis etter deltakelse i foreldreveiledningsprogrammet International Child Development Programme (ICDP)." Fokus på familien 51, no. 3 (2023): 197–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/fokus.51.3.3.

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An, Zhisheng, Peizhen Zhang, Hendrik Vogel, et al. "Scientific drilling workshop on the Weihe Basin Drilling Project (WBDP): Cenozoic tectonic–monsoon interactions." Scientific Drilling 28 (December 1, 2020): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-28-63-2020.

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Abstract. The Weihe Basin, enclosed by the Chinese Loess Plateau to the north and the Qinling Mountains to the south, is an outstanding, world-class continental site for obtaining high-resolution multi-proxy records that reflect environmental changes spanning most of the Cenozoic. Previous geophysical and sedimentary studies indicate that the basin hosts 6000–8000 m thick fluvial–lacustrine sedimentary successions spanning the Eocene to Holocene. This sedimentary record provides an excellent and unique archive to decipher long-term tectonic–climate interactions related to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, the onset/evolution of the Asian monsoon, and the development of the biogeography of East Asia. Owing to its location at the interface of the opposing westerly and Asian monsoon circulation systems, the Weihe Basin also holds enormous promise for providing a record of changes in these circulation systems in response to very different boundary conditions since the Eocene. To develop an international scientific drilling programme in the Weihe Basin, the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, organized a dedicated workshop with 55 participants from eight countries. The workshop was held in Xi'an, China, from 15 to 18 October 2019. Workshop participants conceived the key scientific objectives of the envisaged Weihe Basin Drilling Project (WBDP) and discussed technical and logistical aspects as well as the scope of the scientific collaboration in preparation for a full drilling proposal for submission to the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP). Workshop participants mutually agreed to design a two-phase scientific drilling programme that will in a first phase target the upper 3000 m and in a second phase the entire up to 7500 m thick sedimentary infill of the basin. For the purpose of the 7500 m deep borehole, the world's only drill rig for ultra-deep scientific drilling on land, Crust 1, which previously recovered the entire continental Cretaceous sediments in the Songliao Basin, will be deployed in the WBDP.

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Horwich, Robert H., and Jonathan Lyon. "Community conservation: practitioners’ answer to critics." Oryx 41, no. 3 (2007): 376–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605307001010.

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AbstractBased on ethical, theoretical and practical concerns, community-based conservation projects have developed over the past 2 decades as alternatives to traditional protected areas. Recent criticisms of such programmes by biologists and social scientists involve a debate on who should manage our natural resources. Such criticisms have focused on large integrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs) and have largely ignored the successes of small community conservation projects. Practitioners of ICDPs have also been disappointed with the results of their projects and are seeking answers from ICDP failures. Two important differences separate community conservation projects and ICDPs and have led to the success of the smaller projects: (1) community conservation projects see local rural people as the solution to habitat degradation whereas ICDPs see them as the problem, (2) the scale of the smaller projects is at the community level but can use the same methods regionally, whereas ICDPs are large in scale and cost. We discuss, from a practitioner’s viewpoint, the strengths that contribute to the successes of community conservation projects, including actually functioning at the community level, creating an empowered community group to carry on the social sustainability of the project, continuous basic level funding, and the importance of monitoring.

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Dalafi, H. R. "ICTP Donation Programme." Europhysics News 17, no. 4 (1986): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epn/19861704051.

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Nimmagadda, Sneha, Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, Rasmi Avula, et al. "Effects of an mHealth intervention for community health workers on maternal and child nutrition and health service delivery in India: protocol for a quasi-experimental mixed-methods evaluation." BMJ Open 9, no. 3 (2019): e025774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025774.

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IntroductionMillions of children in India still suffer from poor health and under-nutrition, despite substantial improvement over decades of public health programmes. The Anganwadi centres under the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) provide a range of health and nutrition services to pregnant women, children <6 years and their mothers. However, major gaps exist in ICDS service delivery. The government is currently strengthening ICDS through an mHealth intervention called Common Application Software (ICDS-CAS) installed on smart phones, with accompanying multilevel data dashboards. This system is intended to be a job aid for frontline workers, supervisors and managers, aims to ensure better service delivery and supervision, and enable real-time monitoring and data-based decision-making. However, there is little to no evidence on the effectiveness of such large-scale mHealth interventions integrated with public health programmes in resource-constrained settings on the service delivery and subsequent health and nutrition outcomes.Methods and analysisThis study uses a village-matched controlled design with repeated cross-sectional surveys to evaluate whether ICDS-CAS can enable more timely and appropriate services to pregnant women, children <12 months and their mothers, compared with the standard ICDS programme. The study will recruit approximately 1500 Anganwadi workers and 6000+ mother-child dyads from 400+ matched-pair villages in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh. The primary outcomes are the proportion of beneficiaries receiving (a) adequate number of home visits and (b) appropriate level of counselling by the Anganwadi workers. Secondary outcomes are related to improvements in other ICDS services, and knowledge and practices of the Anganwadi workers and beneficiaries.Ethics and disseminationEthical oversight is provided by the Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects at the University of California at Berkeley, and the Suraksha Independent Ethics Committee in India. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and analysis data will be made public.Trial registration numberISRCTN83902145

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Hill, Barbara, Marian Tulloch, Susan Mlcek, and Melinda Lewis. "The ‘Within’ Journey: Assessment of the Online Indigenous Australian Cultural Competence Training Programme at Charles Sturt University." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 49, no. 1 (2018): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2018.12.

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This paper explores the impact of self-reflective processes of staff at Charles Sturt University (CSU) while undertaking an online Indigenous Cultural Competency Program (ICCP). The ICCP was designed for completion by all university staff to enhance their knowledge and understanding of Indigenous cultures, histories and contemporary realities. Staff were requirement to complete and submit answers to an online quiz, and a written reflection on their learning. This paper reflects on the responses of 64 volunteers and indicates large positive shifts are self-reported knowledge and understanding. The reflective texts of staff provide a rich source of information on the ‘journey within’. In-depth thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) identified three key themes: evaluation, the mapped learning journey and the personal learning journey. The participant feedback, not only pointed to the cognitive, attitudinal and emotional impact of the content and pedagogical approach of the programme, but also identified barriers and issues for programmes aimed at complex change in a contested space. Our programme assessment relied on self-reported individual perception that surfaced hidden assumptions about Indigenous cultural competency (Kumas-Tan¸ Beagan, Loppie, MacLeod, & Frank, 2007). We acknowledge in the longer term a range of comprehensive outcome measures are needed.

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Lal, Sunder. "Impetus To Immunization Programme In ICDS Project." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 10, no. 3 (1985): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.54717.

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N, Nakkeeran, Sushrut Jadhav, Aruna Bhattacharya, et al. "Recasting Food." CASTE / A Global Journal on Social Exclusion 1, no. 1 (2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26812/caste.v1i1.6.

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Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) is the principal programme operating in India to address issues around child development, malnutrition and pre-school education. A package of services – including the Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP), pre-school education, immunization, health check-ups, referral services, and nutrition and health education – are provided through an Anganwadi Centre (AWC) with an Anganwadi Worker (AWW) and an Anganwadi Helper (AWH) for roughly every one thousand people. From the mid-1990s, there have been successive efforts on the part of the Government of India to universalize ICDS, and there has been a multi-fold increase in funds allocated to this programme between the 8th Five-Year Plan (1992–93 to 1996–97) and the 12th Five-Year Plan (2012–17) (1-2). However, the utilization of all services under ICDS continues to be grossly low. Close to 75 percent of children aged 0–71 months in the areas covered by AWCs did not receive any supplementary food from the centres, and less than 12 percent of children received supplementary food ‘almost daily’. For children aged 36–71 months this figure is 15.5 percent. More than 80 percent of children were not weighed at all. It has been reported that children belonging to economically backward and socially marginalised families, including Dalit, tribal, and religious minorities, are excluded from utilising these services through unfavourable institutional rules and structural factors. Equally, members of well-off families do not use services provided by AWCs – especially the SNP – for under-6 children. A multi-sited ethnographic study was conducted in four villages in Gujarat in order to identify the reasons behind poor utilisation of AWCs, especially the SNP services. The study aimed to understand everyday experience of households around the SNP in rural settings and an opportunity to study AWCs as institutions embedded in the context of village cultural life. The authors hypothesise that a study focusing on AWCs could serve as an illustrative case to highlight challenges in implementing other entitlement-based programmes.

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Ritu, Devi Ritu Devi, Krishnan Karthika Krishnan Karthika, and Mala Mala. "Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding ICDS among Anganwadi Workers." International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation 8, no. 7 (2023): 308–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10101821.

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Background: In India, Integrated Child Development Services were first implemented in October 1975. Integrated Child Development Services are provided in Anganwadi Centers through the Anganwadi Workers. Anganwadi Worker's knowledge about ICDS is directly linked to the ultimate outcome of the ICDS scheme. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme in terms of knowledge regarding ICDS among Anganwadi Workers.Materials and methods: A Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted in quantitative approach. A total of 100 AWWs working in ICDS-Prem Nagar Project were selected using total enumerative sampling technique. Data was collected through structured knowledge questionnaire (KR20 - 0.8) in June-2022. On Day-1, Pre-test followed by Structured Teaching Programme on ICDS was administered. On Day-7, Post-test was conducted.  Results: Pre-test study results showed that only 3% AWWs had excellent knowledge, 45% had good knowledge, 40% had average knowledge and 12% had below average knowledge regarding ICDS. After intervention, Post-test scores improved significantly. Pre-test mean+SD was 16.82+4.085 and Post-test mean+SD was 24.29+3.586.The mean post-test knowledge score was higher than the mean pre-test score with mean difference of 7.47, which was found to be statistically significant (Z= 13.739) at p<0.05.No significant association was found between the pre-test knowledge level of the AWWs and selected socio-demographic variables at p<0.05.Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study it can be concluded that structured teaching programme on ICDS was significantly effective in enhancing the knowledge among Anganwadi workers.

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Gardner, Martin F. "Managing botanic garden collections of high conservation value." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 20 (June 2, 2021): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2021.360.

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The author has spent 30 years co-ordinating the International Conifer Conservation Programme (ICCP), based at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, and uses this significant milestone to reflect on some important aspects of managing genetic resources in plants of conservation concern. The main driver of the ex-situ component of the ICCP has been to develop robust protocols for broadening the genetic base of threatened conifers and a range of conservation dependent Chilean woody plants in cultivation. This is achieved using well-documented known wild origin material distributed through a dedicated network of ‘safe sites’. Examples of threatened species for which collection and cultivation of a breadth of genetic material has enabled meaningful conservation are given here. The strategy to increase genetic material in cultivation sometimes involves using novel methods including conservation hedges. The great challenge facing all managers of botanical collections is how to develop effective programmes that integrate ex-situ with in-situ conservation. The biggest contribution collection managers and growers can make is to maximise the value of collections in their care and actions which achieve this are listed.

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Senger, Kim, Denise Kulhanek, Morgan T. Jones, et al. "Deep-time Arctic climate archives: high-resolution coring of Svalbard's sedimentary record – SVALCLIME, a workshop report." Scientific Drilling 32 (October 26, 2023): 113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-32-113-2023.

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Abstract. We held the MagellanPlus workshop SVALCLIME “Deep-time Arctic climate archives: high-resolution coring of Svalbard's sedimentary record”, from 18 to 21 October 2022 in Longyearbyen, to discuss scientific drilling of the unique high-resolution climate archives of Neoproterozoic to Paleogene age present in the sedimentary record of Svalbard. Svalbard is globally unique in that it facilitates scientific coring across multiple stratigraphic intervals within a relatively small area. The polar location of Svalbard for some of the Mesozoic and the entire Cenozoic makes sites in Svalbard highly complementary to the more easily accessible mid-latitude sites, allowing for investigation of the polar amplification effect over geological time. The workshop focused on how understanding the geological history of Svalbard can improve our ability to predict future environmental changes, especially at higher latitudes. This topic is highly relevant for the ICDP 2020–2030 Science Plan Theme 4 “Environmental Change” and Theme 1 “Geodynamic Processes”. We concluded that systematic coring of selected Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleogene age sediments in the Arctic should provide important new constraints on deep-time climate change events and the evolution of Earth's hydrosphere–atmosphere–biosphere system. We developed a scientific plan to address three main objectives through scientific onshore drilling on Svalbard: a. Investigate the coevolution of life and repeated icehouse–greenhouse climate transitions, likely forced by orbital variations, by coring Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic glacial and interglacial intervals in the Cryogenian (“Snowball/Slushball Earth”) and late Carboniferous to early Permian time periods.b. Assess the impact of Mesozoic Large Igneous Province emplacement on rapid climate change and mass extinctions, including the end-Permian mass extinction, the end-Triassic mass extinction, the Jenkyns Event (Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event), the Jurassic Volgian Carbon Isotopic Excursion and the Cretaceous Weissert Event and Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a.c. Examine the early Eocene hothouse and subsequent transition to a coolhouse world in the Oligocene by coring Paleogene sediments, including records of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2, and the Eocene–Oligocene transition. The SVALCLIME science team created plans for a 3-year drilling programme using two platforms: (1) a lightweight coring system for holes of ∼ 100 m length (4–6 sites) and (2) a larger platform that can drill deep holes of up to ∼ 2 km (1–2 sites). In situ wireline log data and fluid samples will be collected in the holes, and core description and sampling will take place at The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) in Longyearbyen. The results from the proposed scientific drilling will be integrated with existing industry and scientific boreholes to establish an almost continuous succession of geological environmental data spanning the Phanerozoic. The results will significantly advance our understanding of how the interplay of internal and external Earth processes are linked with global climate change dynamics, the evolution of life, and mass extinctions.

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kalapala, Gangadhar Rao, Shamanna BR, and B. Ravi Zechariah. "Nutritional Status and Utilization of Anganwadi Services: An Epidemiological Comparative Study Medak District, Telangana, India." Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences 3, no. 2 (2017): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32463/rphs.2017.v03i02.11.

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Background: Malnutrition is the widely prevalent problem in India as well as other developing countries; India has one of the astonishing magnitudes according to the national family health survey. The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) programme is a globally recognized community based early child care programme, which addresses the basic interrelated needs of young children, expectant and nursing mothers and adolescent girls across the life cycle, in a holistic manner. ICDS in India is a response the challenge of breaking a vicious cycle of mal-nutrition, impaired development, morbidity and mortality in young children, working in convergence with other flagship programmes. Material and methods: It is an observational cross sectional study design sampling was obtained through the simple random sampling .The sample size consists of 100 anganwadi children Results: The present study the findings have shown that Mean age of the children= 43.27 months Males 50% and Females 50% ,Average age of weaning=9.89=10 months, per cent of children attending anganwadi centre =97.6% ,Children attending anganwadi centres regularly=53% Children attending anganwadi centre irregular=29% Children attending anganwadi less than two days in a week=18%. Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition in males and females are comparatively higher as 48.8% and 49.4, despite many programs and efforts put down by the government the malnutrition rates are still prevail high in the country .the programs were beneficial to only certain class of people.

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Sanjeev, Badli, Devulkar Namrata, and Kole Uma. "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding ICDS Programme among Selected Mothers of Under-Five Children." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 4, no. 3 (2019): 156–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3935424.

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Objective: To knowledge regarding ICDS programme among mothers of under-five Children. Methods Pre-experimental study was carried over a period of 3 on 30 mothers of under-five children in Ramanagar Village, Belagavi Karnataka. All 30 mothers enrolled in study. Results: The study findings reveals that the overall pre test mean knowledge scores as 33.5% and the post test knowledge scores as 72.3%. The mean enhancement score was found to be 38.8%. The statistical results established significant at 5% level (t=52.09*) indicating the effectiveness of structured teaching programme in enhancing the knowledge of respondents. Conclusion: Structured Teaching Programme is the best methods to improve the knowledge on ICDS Programme among mothers of under-five children.

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Padovani, Renato. "Raising awareness of medical physics: The ICTP programme." Physica Medica 32 (September 2016): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.286.

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Jayalakshmi, Rajeev, and Srinivasan Kannan. "Is Child Nutrition a Priority in Kerala? An Exploration of the Integrated Child Development Services Programme." World Nutrition 16, no. 2 (2025): 36–46. https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202516236-46.

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Background: Kerala, a southern state of India, is well known for its better health indicators, including child nutrition. However, the state’s efforts to tackle malnutrition have been relatively stagnant in the last decade. The present paper examines the prioritization of child nutrition in the political agenda of Kerala and the implementation of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), the universal nutrition supplementation programme for children below five years in India. Methods: Thirty in-depth interviews with ICDS service providers and policymakers, and document analyses (ICDS Manual for District-level Functionaries-2017, Legislative Assembly questions, and field diaries) were conducted. Thematic analysis was done and the findings from interviews and document analysis were corroborated to generate final themes. Results: Location of the Anganwadi Centres (AWC) and inadequate facilities; undue importance of perfect documentation rather than the operationalization of ICDS services; parents’ expectations about their children’s education; helplessness of Anganwadi workers (AWW) to persuade parents to give their children supplementary nutrition or send them to AWCs; job burden of AWWS and ICDS supervisors and the lack of earnestness concerning the importance of adequate nutrition; cutting the budget for implementing ICDS; timely disbursal of allocated budget and stopping the training for AWWs; and poor cross-sectoral convergence were found to affect the achievement of nutrition goals of ICDS. Conclusion: There are lacunae in implementing ICDS at many levels, from political will to ground-level hurdles faced by the Anganwadi workers in delivering the services. Priority to be given to real action rather than focusing on making the programme success on paper.

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Mohapatra, Jagatabandhu, Ranjit Kumar Dehury, Parthsaratathi Dehury, and Ranjan Pattnaik. "The Functions of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS): An Assessment of Existing Policy and Practice in Odisha." Journal of Development Policy and Practice 6, no. 2 (2021): 231–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/24551333211025112.

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The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme is the world’s biggest and unique programme for nutrition and childcare, launched way back on 2 October 1975 by the Government of India. It is a centrally subsidised scheme implemented by states across the country for the benefit of children, especially for vulnerable groups. The scheme’s main objective is to improve the health and nutritional condition of children below six years of age, along with pregnant women and lactating mothers. The objective of the study is to critically analyse functions of the ICDS Scheme in the state of Odisha about implementation and monitoring. The analysis was done with the help of secondary literature and available data from government documents. The opinion and experience of various stakeholders like Anganwadi workers, supervisors and other government staff have been analysed for this purpose. This article describes existing policies and procedures of food procurement, storing, supply, cooking, production and serving cycle under ICDS Scheme in Odisha. The recommendations of the study may help for future improvement of various thrust areas of the ICDS Scheme. The article brings out critical factors accountable for the efficient implementation of the ICDS programme. Further, the study evaluates the ICDS Scheme based on existing government guidelines to reach out to the masses in Odisha.

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Diwakar G., Dilip. "Addressing utilization of the ICDS programme in Tamil Nadu, India: how class and caste matters." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 34, no. 3/4 (2014): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2013-0008.

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Purpose – The reduction in under nutrition is very slow in the past two decades in India even with high-economic growth rate and expansion in the ICDS programme. The ICDS evaluation studies majorly stressed on the general factors but they fail to acknowledge the structural factors - class and caste - while providing solutions. In Tamil Nadu nutritional status and utilization of ICDS services are better as compared to all-India average. The purpose of this paper is to explore the nutritional status of the poor and scheduled caste (SC) in Tamil Nadu and their utilization of ICDS services and to examine the role of group-specific factors in low reduction of nutritional status and utilization of ICDS programme. Design/methodology/approach – Multivariate analysis and logistic regression method were used using SPSS. Findings – The reduction of underweight is slow among the poorest and SC, moreover, the disparity between the richest and poorest as well as upper caste and SC is increasing. Logistic regression analysis shows that the poorest are marginalized, children belonging to poorer income group have higher chances of using the ICDS than the poorest and it is significant. After making the wealth quintile constant, the utilization of ICDS services across social groups showed that, though the poorest quintile has less access, within them the SC had utilized less compared to the other backward class (OBC). This indicates the poorest SCs are more vulnerable and marginalized across all quintiles and social groups. Research limitations/implications – In Tamil Nadu there is no sufficient sample of other caste/tribe and scheduled tribe. It would have given more insight on the utilization pattern. Lack of qualitative data has limited in explaining few phenomena to get more insight. Social implications – It will help the government to formulate more inclusive policy and address the issue of exclusion of marginalized people. Originality/value – The main core argument was based on the Tamil Nadu National Family Health Survey (NFHS) III unit-level data.

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Rajyalakshmi, C., and M. K. Jabbi. "Evaluation of the Functional Literacy Programme of ICDS Scheme." Social Change 15, no. 4 (1985): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085719850402.

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Pandya, Binal, and Neha Tarpara. "A Review: ICDS Programmes: To Develop a New Fortified Nutrient Rich Sugar Free Supplementary Food Product." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 7, no. 3 (2022): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20220709.

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Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) is India's flagship programme for infant and young child health, nutrition and development. Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP) is one of the core components of ICDS. Balshakti (Energy Dense Micronutrient Fortified Extruded Blended Food) is provided as Take-Home Ration (THR) to children 7 months to 3 years. The feasibility of using a wheat flour mill to refine corn, soya, ragi, moong dal and chickpea was studied. Milling of wheat, ragi, rice, corn, chana dal, moong Dal, and soya grain resulted in fiber content from 1.93, 2.16,2.60 and 2.50 % in raw, finely milled and coarsely milled moong dal and ragi respectively. kcal obtain from BSR and BSM 455.66 & 435.22. Similarly, there was a fat, protein (1.74 &0.70) (25.79 &8.59) content from roasted material, according to ICDS Indian RAD for 12-23 month age group of infant have to required 1060 kcal and 16.7 g protein. our product (THR) provides 500 kcal and 12-15 g protein. aim was this new development to more nutrition and healthy food gave infant.50 % requirement fulfilled by this new product. Keywords: ragi, moong dal, ICDS, THR, protein, nutrition, BS.

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Marbaniang, Ereneus K. "Knowledge Level of The Village Councillors in Implementing ICDS Programme in Meghalaya." Indian Research Journal of Extension Education 23, no. 1 (2023): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54986/irjee/2023/jan_mar/17-22.

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The study was conducted purposively in Meghalaya, the state with 86.14 per cent of tribal population dominated by the Khasi, Jaintia and Garo communities. It was conducted in the year 2020-21 in three districts of the state, selecting two blocks each with the total respondents of 120 Village Councillors from 30 villages respectively, among the major tribes of Khasi, Jaintia and Garo communities. With the objective to study the knowledge level of the village councillors and their problems faced by them in implementing Integrated Child Development Services ICDS programme in Meghalaya. Results indicated that majority of the village councillors (51.67%) belonged to the medium knowledge level, followed by high knowledge level (25.83%) and low knowledge level (22.50%), respectively. Knowledge index of the village councillors implementing ICDS was found to be 75.29 per cent. About 75.00 per cent of the respondents had knowledge that Anganwadi worker and helper are selected by the Selection Committee of the Department followed by prevention of immunization from six vaccine preventable diseases, tetanus, tuberculosis and measles for pregnant women and infants protects children (73.33%), the actual immunization is given by the Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (71.66%), respectively. While only 43.33 per cent knew that Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG) is meant only for school drop-out aged 11-14 years old, and only 31.66 per cent had awareness that ICDS is implemented by Department of Social Welfare. Major implementation problems faced by the ICDS councillors were less honorarium paid to the AWWs (85.83%), non-preference of the food items (80.00%), lack of infrastructure facilities at the centre (75.00%), respectively.

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Saba, Mohammed Mansoor, D. N. Shrivathsa, G. Kiran K., and Kumar Hemant. "Evaluation of the Effect of Supplementary Nutrition through ICDS in Children below 6 Years." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 9 (2022): 336–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13327716.

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Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the biggest issue in India and other parts of the world. From United Nation to World Health Organization and other International Councils and formal bodies are well concerned about this issue. Although, it is being pressurised and many programmes are running to reduce the effect and prevalence of malnutrition, the result shows it is hardly been tackled efficiently. There is a need to udnerstand the depth of the problemn and government needs to formulate policies and modifies the current programmes to suit the need of the problem, instead of formulating new programmes. Around 157.86 million children, or 15.42 % of India, are under the age of six, making it the country with the greatest pediatric population in the world. Malnutrition in the form of under-nutrition in children is now recognized as a vulnerable group in need of targeted intervention. Aims and Objectives: To find out the health status of children under Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) by analyzing the weight and height gain. Materials and Methods: The study considered 250 children from 5 Anganwadi Centres (AWC) in Mangaluru region. Also, a control AWC has been considered. The anthropometric measurements have been taken and height and weight gain have been compared with that of control AWC.  The outcomes and findings of this study were analyzed to find out the main objectives by employing ANOVA. Results: It is shown that all the selected AWCs have shown significant (p<0.05) improvement in weight gain as compared to the control AWC. Regarding height gain, only 1 AWC showed that the gain is not significant as compared to the control and another proved to be equal to that of control while 2 AWCs showed that their children had significant increase in gain in height as compared to the control AWC. Conclusion: The study has concluded that there is significant improvement in weight and height due to the application of the awareness and education to the parents as intervention. Hence, providing education and awareness to the parents should be made mandatory as part of ICDS programme.

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Błaszczak, Barbara. "International Compliance Assurance Programme jako przykad dialogu midzy podatnikami a administracj podatkow." Doradztwo Podatkowe - Biuletyn Instytutu Studiów Podatkowych 3, no. 319 (2023): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.3340.

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Celem niniejszego artykuu jest opisanie i ewaluacja dziaania nowego programu Organizacji Wsppracy Gospodarczej i Rozwoju1, tj. Midzynarodowego Programu Zapewnienia Zgodnoci (ang. International Compliance Assurance Programme ICAP). Program powsta na potrzeby oceny i analizy ryzyka podatkowego w transakcjach midzynarodowych realizowanych przez przedsibiorstwa dziaajce transgranicznie. Jego podstawowym zaoeniem jest nawizanie i zbudowanie przyjaznej relacji midzy przedsibiorcami a administracj podatkow, opartej na wsppracy, otwartoci i przejrzystoci dziaa. Ma on na celu zwikszenie zaufania do administracji, a tym samym zwikszenie przestrzegania przepisw prawa podatkowego przez podatnikw korporacyjnych. Autorka niniejszego artykuu w ramach oceny wprowadzonego rozwizania stwierdza, e jego modelowe zaoenia naley uzna za zasadne i wartociowe. Jednake wobec braku zaoferowania podatnikom pewnoci prawnej na poziomie innych podobnych rozwiza ICAP moe nie spotka si z pozytywn odpowiedzi z ich strony.

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Furlan, G. "The ICTP TRIL Programme: Training and Research in Italian Laboratories." Europhysics News 35, no. 1 (2004): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epn:2004107.

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Lal, Sunder. "Integration Of Rch With Primary Health Care & Icds Programme." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 23, no. 4 (1998): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.53551.

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Alqaidoom, Hana, Fatima Wali, and George K. Toworfe. "Exploring the Level of Computer Literacy for Candidates in Higher Education: ICDL Programme at Bahrain Polytechnic." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 10, no. 6 (2020): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.10.6.12.

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Bahrain Polytechnic is a Higher Education technical institution established in 2008 (by Royal Decree No. 65 for the year 2008). Its main mission is to supply the Bahraini economy with a skilled Bahraini labour force aiming to contribute to economic growth and diversification. The Polytechnic ensures that its values of excellence, learning and innovation are achieved by designing curricula that meet international standards as well as national and individual needs through continuous consultations with the industries and international education institutions. The development of computer and technological literacy is a significant predictor for success in the workplace and is also one of the key skills that the polytechnic provides through its programmes to students and faculty. This paper explores how computer literacy and skills are acquired by educators and students through International Computer Driving License (ICDL) tools employed at Bahrain Polytechnic. The study also considers the challenges that hinder learners from completing the requirements of ICDL. If adequate numbers of faculty and students have already learned basic computer skills, then the question facing the polytechnic is if computer literacy should continue to be taught at all levels. To answer this question, ICDL tests were administered to ascertain the computer literacy level of existing faculty and students. The results of the tests will determine which ICDL tests students and faculty should be placed on in order to address their computer literacy needs.

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Poonja, Rima S., A. Akshay Subramanian, P. Sushantha, and Sanjeev Badiger. "IJCM_253A: A cross sectional study to assess the coverage, impact and reasons for non- utilisation of supplementary nutrition among ICDS beneficiaries in the field practice area of a tertiary medical college in Mangalore." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, Suppl 1 (2024): S73—S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_abstract253.

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Background: Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme is world’s largest community-based Programme Objective: To assess the coverage, impact, and reasons for non-utilization of supplementary nutrition among ICDS beneficiaries Methodology: To assess the coverage, impact, and reasons for non-utilization of supplementary nutrition among ICDS beneficiaries Results: 66 % of the beneficiaries are aware of the supplementary nutrition availability, while only 52% of them acquire the services. Only 24% of the adolescents are aware of the supplementary nutrition being given in ICDS and none of them are availing it. 28.7 % of the beneficiaries are getting. Conclusion: 52% of the study participants were utilizing the services and the major reason for non-utilization was inferior quality of the grains and unawareness, mainly among adolescent females. Positive impact could be seen with reduction in SAM cases, immunization updation but nutrition education needs to be upgraded.

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Ribes Ribes, Aurora. "RETOS DEL INTERNATIONAL COMPLIANCE ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (ICAP) PERMANENTE DE LA OCDE COMO MODELO DE CUMPLIMIENTO COOPERATIVO MULTILATERAL." Revista Crónica Tributaria 182, no. 1 (2022): 91–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.47092/ct.22.1.3.

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Tras dos ediciones piloto en 2018 y 2019, el International Compliance Assurance Programme (ICAP) de la OCDE adquirió en 2021 carácter permanente como programa voluntario de análisis de riesgos fiscales de grupos empresariales con presencia internacional.Este trabajo aborda el estudio de las dos versiones en pruebas, así como de la configuración y mejoras incorporadas en el ICAP de 2021, a partir de la experiencia acumulada. Se incide especialmente en los aspectos perfectibles del programa y en los resultados obtenidos hasta la fecha, con el propósito de dilucidar si el ICAP constituye verdaderamente un programa de garantía de cumplimiento cooperativo multilateral susceptible de reportar beneficios (seguridad jurídica) tanto al contribuyente como a las Administraciones Tributarias partícipes y, por tanto, un paso decidido hacia el multilateralismo en el marco del compliance tributario y la evaluación de riesgos fiscales.

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SINGH, SATNAM, and ROBERT BRUCE FINDLER. "Special Issue Dedicated to ICFP 2012: Editorial." Journal of Functional Programming 24, no. 2-3 (2014): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796814000124.

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The 17th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP) took place on September 10–12, 2012 in Copenhagen, Denmark. After the conference, the programme committee selected several outstanding papers and invited their authors to submit to this special issue of Journal of Functional Programming. Robby Findler and Satnam Singh acted as editors for these submissions. This issue includes the accepted papers, each of which provides substantial new material beyond the original conference version.

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Rout, Jashasya. "India’s Maternal and Child Health Scenario: Evidence from ICDS." International Journal of Management and Development Studies 11, no. 10 (2022): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53983/ijmds.v11n10.002.

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The ICDS programme launched by the central government tries to address the problems of maternal and child mortality, morbidity and malnourishment by assisting with development of children and mothers especially from rural and backward areas leading to human capital development and benefiting the economy as a whole. The present paper attempts: a) To present an overview of maternal and child health status in India b) To study the utilisation of ICDS services in India. The study is based on secondary sources of data collected from NFHS 3 and NFHS 4. The results show betterment in the selected maternal and child health indicators for the period under study. The trends in coverage of ICDS services show a positive shift yet there is room for improvement and transformation.

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Wilson, Preethy. "Adolescent Development Education through Anganwadi Workers: A Study Report from Kerala." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (2012): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.20.4.

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Integrated Child Development Services Scheme (ICDS) has been a pioneering initiative of the Government of India for the betterment of adolescent girls and mothers. The current paper is an attempt to develop an intervention program for adolescent girls on enhancing their psychosocial competence through Anganwadi teachers and evaluate its outcome. The master trainers (Anganwadi workers) were trained and they conducted interventions for adolescents on four topics with 16 activities. The post assessment result on a control and intervention group shows that significant changes in adolescent girls can be effected through the intervention of Anganwadi workers. The paper also highlights that planners and the policy makers need to give serious thought to effective utilisation of the human resource available at the disposal of the ICDS programme for improved service delivery to adolescent girls under ICDS.

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Srinivasan, K. "Malnutrition and Mortality among Children in India:Need to Revisit ICDS Programme." Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 58, no. 4 (2016): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.21648/arthavij/2016/v58/i4/153057.

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ASAI, KENICHI, and BENJAMIN C. PIERCE. "Special Issue Dedicated to ICFP 2011 Editorial." Journal of Functional Programming 23, no. 4 (2013): 355–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796813000129.

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The 16th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP) took place on September 19–21, 2011 in Tokyo, Japan. After the conference, the programme committee, chaired by Olivier Danvy, selected several outstanding papers and invited their authors to submit to this special issue of the Journal of Functional Programming. Kenichi Asai and Benjamin C. Pierce acted as editors for these submissions. This issue includes the three accepted articles, each of which provides substantial new material beyond the original conference version. The selected papers represent the importance of various aspects of proof techniques, from theory to practice, all of which aim at verifying realistic programs.

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Syska, Paweł. "Inappropriate ICD shocks – a nightmare of the past or an ongoing problem?" In a good rythm 1, no. 46 (2018): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.6501.

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The discussed paper is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies concerning the inappropriate shocks (ISs) in single-chamber and subcutaneous cardioverter-defibrillators (S-ICDs). Based on the analysis of 16 selected articles, 6.4% of patients received an IS per year. Meta-regression analyses demonstrated that IS rates were lower in more recent studies and with longer follow-up. Use of S-ICDs and ventricular tachycardia zone programmed on did not significantly increase the risk of ISs. One of the studies showed markedly reduced annual ISs rate (1.9%).

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Chowdhary, Deepshikha. "ICDS Nutrition Programme and Responsibilities of Self-Help Groups in Delhi-NCR." Social ION 11, no. 1 (2022): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2456-7523.2022.00002.7.

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Haslegrave, Marianne. "Implementing the ICPD Programme of Action: What a Difference a Decade Makes." Reproductive Health Matters 12, no. 23 (2004): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0968-8080(04)23131-7.

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Jejeebhoy, Shireen J., AJ Francis Zavier, and KG Santhya. "Meeting the commitments of the ICPD Programme of Action to young people." Reproductive Health Matters 21, no. 41 (2013): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0968-8080(13)41685-3.

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Kumar, Nomita P. "Reaching Out to Mother and Child Through ICDS: Insights from a Field Study in Uttar Pradesh." Indian Journal of Human Development 11, no. 2 (2017): 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973703017720573.

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Under-nutrition among women and children remains a major development challenge across India. It is recognized that several integrated interventions are necessary to deal with the problem of undernutrition. The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme was aimed at improving maternal and child nutrition. A set of broadly agreed nutrition-specific interventions are delivered through network of anganwadi centres (AWCs) along with the continuum of care. Though well-conceived, ICDS has, in practice, given more attention to increasing coverage than to improving the quality of service delivery and to distributing food rather than changing family-based feeding and caring behaviour. This inertia is reflected in poor outcomes in the state of Uttar Pradesh (UP). This article seeks to evaluate the work delivered by ICDS in UP after assessing the allocation and expenditure. This study draws upon the findings of field survey in nine districts of UP conducted by the author recently. Overall, 90 anganwadi centres were covered to find out the kinds of constraints that arise in utilizing funds effectively under this programme. The study also analyses the secondary data to examine the implementation status of ICDS in the state.

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Saha, Mausumi, and Romy Biswas. "An assessment of facilities and activities under integrated child development services in a city of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 6 (2017): 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172165.

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Background: ICDS is the unique community based programme for early childhood care and development. The objective of the study were to assess the facilities and activities of ICDS centres and the utilization of ICDS services among children aged 6 months to 6 years in a city of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. Study setting and design – Community based cross-sectional study done in a city of Darjeeling District of West Bengal, India during June – September 2016.Methods: 30 ICDS centres were selected by cluster sampling method. From each cluster 7 households were selected randomly with help of register of AWCs. 30 AWWs and 210 mothers of 6 months – 6 years children were interviewed with pre-designed, pre-tested schedule.Results: 86.66% AWCs were running in pukka building. Toilet facility was absent in 43.33% AWC. All AWCs were well equipped & all workers were literate. 65.12% male child and 70.74% female child had received supplementary nutrition. Immunization records were present in all AWC. NHED was celebrated in all AWC twice monthly. 80% AWC referred sick children verbally. 17.61% of children took the meal to their home and 29.57% mother didn’t attend NHED meeting.Conclusions: There was gap in infrastructural facility and some activities. Mothers were satisfied with overall functioning of AWC.

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Ramani, K. V., Dileep Mavalankar, Sanjay Joshi, Imran Malek, Tapasvi Puvar, and Harish Kumar. "Why Should 5,000 Children Die in India Every Day? Major Causes of Death and Managerial Challenges." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 35, no. 2 (2010): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920100202.

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Globally, more than 10 million children, under five years of age, almost all in poor countries, die every year (20 children per minute), mostly from preventable causes. The major causes of child death include neonatal disorders (death within 28 days of birth), diarrhoea, pneumonia, and measles with malnutrition being a major contributing factor for childhood illnesses. India alone accounts for almost 5,000 deaths of under-five years children (U5) every day. In 1975, the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) was launched in the country to provide integrated health and nutrition services focusing upon the holistic development of children at the village level. Yet by 2005, 50 per cent of the children in India were still malnourished. India's neonatal mortality, which accounts for almost 50 per cent of the U5 deaths, is one of the highest in the world. India launched the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in 1985. Yet full immunization in India had reached only 43.5 per cent by 2005-06, as per the NFHS 31. This paper, besides discussing the status of mortality of children and the situation of child health services, examines the managerial challenges of the child health programmes in India. There is a need for improving the management capacity amongst health service providers, specifically the planning and implementation of child health programmes such as immunization, control of diarrhoea, and pneumonia. The analysis of the trends of the past decline shows that during 1990-2008, India achieved a decrease in infant mortality rate (IMR) at a very low annual average rate of 1.9 per cent. To achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 4, between 2009— 2015, the rate of reduction of IMR needs to be increased to a very high level — at 6.74 per cent every year. This means that the government and the private sector need to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the child health programmes substantially. Incremental improvement over “business-as-usual” will not help in achieving MDG 4. Effective and efficient management of child health programmes would require focused political and administrative attention and managerial capacity.

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Bhatnagar, Chhavi, and Subhasis Bhadra. "Perceived stress among anganwadi workers (AWWS) in integrated child development services (ICDS) programme." Social ION 6, no. 2 (2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2456-7523.2017.00007.6.

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Karunakaran, N. "ICDS and supplementary nutrition programme to children in rural areas of Kasargod, Kerala." Journal of Management Research and Analysis 7, no. 3 (2020): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jmra.2020.026.

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Kan, O., S. A. Baldwin, and A. D. Whetton. "Apoptosis is regulated by the rate of glucose transport in an interleukin 3 dependent cell line." Journal of Experimental Medicine 180, no. 3 (1994): 917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.180.3.917.

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In the absence of a survival stimulus, the interleukin 3 (IL-3)-dependent IC.DP cell line undergoes a process termed programmed cell death or apoptosis. Survival can be induced by IL-3, which can also stimulate proliferation of IC.DP cells. IC.DP cells have been stably transfected with the p160v-abl protein tyrosine kinase, activation of the kinase at the permissive temperature permits cell survival in the absence of IL-3 by suppression of apoptosis, although the growth factor is still required for proliferation. Both IL-3 and activation of the v-ABL tyrosine kinase stimulated glucose transport, which may in part be due to a translocation of transporters to the cell surface. Inhibition of glucose uptake markedly increased the rate of apoptosis in these cells, an effect that could be reversed by the provision of alternative energy sources such as glutamine. Growth factor- or oncogene-mediated increases in glucose uptake may therefore represent an important regulatory point in the suppression of apoptosis.

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Nair, Sajini B., and Jyoti S. Hallad. "Understanding the influence of individual level factors of Anganwadi workers on service delivery under the Integrated Child Development Service scheme." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 12, no. 1 (2024): 180–87. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20244015.

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Background: Anganwadi workers (AWW) of the Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) Scheme are the agents of social change, mobilizing community support for better care and continuously addressing malnutrition among young children. The influence of individual background characteristics of AWWs on uptake of service delivery is rarely examined and forms the subject of inquiry. Methods: Data used pertain to information on 349 Anganwadi centres (AWCs) in 11 Indian states collected for a study on ICDS during 2021-22. Multivariate statistical methods were employed to derive the findings using SPSS version 20. Results: AWWs age, work experience, trainings received, residence in proximity to AWCs varies across districts under study. The mean number of services rendered of 11.9 out of the 14 types of services provided through AWCs indicate the overall competency of AWWs in rendering services. Sagar (MP), Solan (HP) and Dharwad (Karnataka) districts fall short of rendering complete services. Regression analysis indicate that presence of AWWs in their 50+ years in AWCs, greater experience of AWWs, increase in capacity building of AWWs and higher education levels strongly determine uptake of more services. Conclusions: ICT intervention entails digital literacy to implement programmes and web-based monitoring for better nutritional outcomes require better competency for AWWs. To cater to the changing needs perhaps a review of the guidelines on educational level of AWWs for recruitment and revamping the training programmes by focussing on skill-based training for AWWs to unlock the full potential of ICDS scheme workforce may be attempted.

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P., Rajeswari. "Impact of structured awareness programme on behavioural outcomes regarding ICDS services and its utilization satisfaction among mother with children in selected rural and urban area of Bellary district, Karnataka." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 11, no. 5 (2024): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20241035.

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Background: Health, nutrition, yet education are the three basic elements of human resource development, and they are all combined in a unique program known as the integrated development of children service Scheme. Methods: A quasi experimental design where Pre and post-test with equivalent control group design was used to carry out the study. Mothers with children from selected rural and urban area who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected by using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Total 40 samples were included in the study. Results: The study findings revealed the utilization scores of mothers on ICDS service majority mother 335 (83.8%) were not satisfied followed by 65 (16.3%) were moderately satisfied, the pretest and post knowledge scores of subjects in experimental group mean percent of mother on utilization of ICDS service was 37.63% with mean score 14.3 was in pretest, where as in posttest 57.23% with mean score 21.75, the overall pretest and post attitude scores of subjects in experimental group mean percent of mother on utilization of ICDS service was 28.75% with mean score 28.75 and standard deviation 4.610 was in pretest, where as in posttest 46.35% was mean percent, with mean score 46.35 and standard deviation 4.487. Conclusions: The structured awareness programme on ICDS services and its utilization among mothers proved its beneficial effects in terms of satisfaction, awareness and attitude level.

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Chandra Mandal, Gopal, Kaushik Bose, and Slawomir Koziel. "Comparison of the effects of the food supplementation programmes of ICDS centers and primary schools at Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambagh, West Bengal, India." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 34, no. 3/4 (2014): 232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-09-2013-0092.

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Purpose – Developing countries like India, accounts for about 40 percent of undernourished children in the World and it is largely due to the result of dietary inadequacy in relation to their needs. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the changes in the nutritional status of the children, from their preschool days to the present primary school days. Design/methodology/approach – The present investigation was conducted at 20 Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) centers (Center-A) and 15 primary schools (Center-B) in Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambag, Hooghly District of West Bengal, India, at an interval of three to four years. A total of 1,012 children (boys=498; girls=514) aged two to six years old enrolled in these ICDS centers and a total of 603 children (boys=300, girls=303), aged five to ten years were studied from the 15 primary schools who were the beneficiaries of ICDS centers. Underweight (weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ)) and wasting (weight-for height Z-score (WHZ)) were used to assess the nutritional status. Findings – The nutritional situation (both in case of underweight and wasting) was better in Center B as compared with Center A. In general, the nutritional condition of boys was better than girls. Center had a very significant effect on both WAZ as well as WHZ, irrespective of age and sex. Sex has a significant impact only on WAZ. Interestingly, there was no significant sex-center interaction for both WAZ as well as WHZ. The children of the area were getting Mid Day Meal supplied through the school authorities which was comparatively better than the ICDS centers’ food supplementation. Better monitoring of nutritional supplementation at primary schools may be an important factor. Practical implications – In ICDS centers, only the Anganwari worker is responsible in running and implementing the programs offered by the Government. However, at primary schools, the active involvement of all the teachers to run the program may have effectively led to have better results. Furthermore, the Government's focus should not be only on the increase the area covered by the ICDS program, but focus should be to increase the quality of food supplied, proper monitoring of the implementation and increase the allocation of funds. Appropriate measures may be taken by the authorities regarding this. Originality/value – The results of the study will help in policy making in reducing the prevalence of undernutrition.

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Pietrzak, Katarzyna, and Hanna Grabowska. "ICNP® – why not? Nurses’ opinions on the implementation of ICNP® vocabulary for clinical practice." Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century 19, no. 4 (2020): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pielxxiw-2020-0034.

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AbstractIntroduction. The most important application of information technology in nursing is generating and maintaining patient’s electronic records. Implementing ICNP® to this can guarantee the continuity and high quality of evidence-based care.Aim. Obtaining information on nurses’ opinions on the implementation of ICNP® in clinical practice.Material and methods. The study was conducted in late 2018 and early 2019 in a group of 104 nurses of the University Clinical Centre in Gdańsk. It involved conducting a diagnostic survey.Results. Prior to the survey, 77.9% of the respondents were aware of ICNP®. The respondents who did not provide the correct answer to question about the essence of the ICNP® were mostly over 45 years of age. When it comes to 25% of subjects, they declared they were willing to use ICNP®. The vast majority considered it more convenient to maintain care records in the traditional way than with the use of ICNP®. The respondents with a master’s degree showed a higher level of acceptance for the implementation of the ICNP® to clinical practice than respondents with secondary and tertiary education.Conclusions. The nursing staff over 45 years old presented a lower level of knowledge related to the ICNP® as compared to other respondents. The reasons behind the conviction that applying ICNP® would be difficult included understaffing and lack of mobile devices such as tablets or laptops in hospital wards. It is, therefore, necessary to launch a nursing terminology training programme, equip branches with the necessary devices and comply with minimum employment standards.

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