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1
Rogers, Eirlys Anne. "Character portrayal in three Icelandic sagas." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19035.
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This dissertation outlines the political and social organization of the Icelandic Commonwealth, and analyses the characters of Gunnlaug in Gunnlaugs saga; of Brodd-Helgi, Geitir, Bjami and Thorkel in Vápnfirŏinga saga and of Snorri in Eyrbyggja saga.
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O'Donoghue, Heather. "Relations between verse and prose in some Icelandic sagas." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277692.
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Matheson, Laura E. "Madness and deception in Irish and Norse-Icelandic sagas." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227591.
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This thesis explores the representation of mental illness and mental incapacity in medieval Irish and Norse-Icelandic saga literature, with a particular focus on the theme of deception in representations of madness. These texts are compared using the methods of literary close reading. It begins (Chapters 1 and 2) with an overview of concepts of madness found in the two bodies of literature (drawing on law texts and poetry as well as the sagas) and the different narrative uses to which these concepts are put. Some general parallels and contrasts are drawn, and the cross-cultural transmission of the concept of the geilt is discussed in this context. Chapter 3 lays the ground for the thesis's analysis of deception in madness narratives by comparing two Irish and Norse-Icelandic narratives about fools and discussing links between the language of mental impairment and the notion of deception. Chapters 4 and 5 explore narrative representations of how deception is used with the aim of rehabilitating the mad person and reconnecting them with society, focusing in particular on the late Middle Irish saga Buile Shuibhne and an episode in the Icelandic family saga Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar. Chapter 5 concludes with an extended discussion of the role of poetry and memory in representations of mental illness as seen in these two texts. Chapter 6 explores narratives in which deception is used with the purpose of destroying or humiliating the person of unsound mind, here focusing on the late Middle Irish saga Aided Muirchertaig meic Erca and an episode in the Norwegian king's saga Ágrip.
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Driscoll, Matthew James. "Sagas attributed to sr. Jon Oddsson Hjaltalin (1749-1835)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358434.
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Grossman, Deborah. "Survivals of Paganism in Christian Medieval Iceland as Evidenced by the Icelandic Family Sagas." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1363964743.
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Gentry, Jennifer R. "Wives and whetters the dichotomous nature of women in Medieval Iceland /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1313914851&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Wyatt, Ian Tony. "The form and function of landscape in the Old Icelandic family sagas." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433298.
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McGregor, Rick. "Per Olof Sundman and the Icelandic sagas : a study of narrative method /." Göteborg : Univ, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370331499.
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Attar, Karen. "Treachery and Christianity : two themes in the Riddarasögur". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318323.
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Finlay, Alison. "A study of the narrative themes and literary relationships of four Icelandic poets' sagas : Bjarnar saga hitdoelakappa, Kormaks saga, Hallfredar saga and Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240239.
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Phelpstead, Carl Luke. "Dialogues on sainthood : a Bakhtinian reading of saints' lives in the Icelandic Kings' Sagas." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285428.
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Spray, Thomas Edward. "Patterns of nationalist discourse in the early reception of the Icelandic sagas in Britain." Thesis, Durham University, 2019. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12964/.
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The unprecedented production of English translations of the Icelandic sagas in the 1860s occurred alongside widespread cultural discussion concerning ethnic-nationalism and the developing science of comparative philology. Although the relationship between these phenomena has been examined, there has been no scholarly consensus on the reality, extent, or direction of any influence between them. This thesis reports on the seminal texts which gave context to and informed the late-nineteenth-century translations of Old Norse Íslendingasögur into English, their cultural stimuli and progeny. Firstly, the thesis examines the influence of and contextual philosophies behind J. A. Blackwell's revised edition of Northern Antiquities, and in particular its depiction of Old Norse literature as key to understanding British ancestry. The thesis then considers the impact of Blackwell's inclusion of Walter Scott's Eyrbyggja saga 'Abstract', and the extent to which this partial translation characterised subsequent attitudes to nationality. Finally, the thesis examines the wide nationalist implications of the European interest in Friðþjófs saga, and the nature of the scholarship of George Stephens, its first English translator. The results of this study demonstrate that far from following a simplistic model of cause and effect, one needs to view the development of the reception of Old Norse literature as being intricately bound with contemporary political and national interests. Previous studies have often emphasised the unconventionality of the pioneering translators; this study underlines both their reliance on wider academic discussion and the wide-spread acceptability of their ideas within Georgian and early-Victorian Britain. The study complements previous research in providing a detailed assessment of ethnic-nationalist discourse within British Old Norse scholarship and eschewing the common view that the discussion was merely a product of foreign philosophy.
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Miranda, Pablo Gomes de. "Guerra e identidade: um estudo da marcialidade no Heimskringla." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16982.
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Previous issue date: 2013-09-24<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>The goal of our dissertation is to study how the Scandinavian writings produced a
Norwegian identity of warlike ideals in a compilation of Icelandic sagas known as
Heimskringla and has parts of its content focused on storytelling about a troubled time
of Scandinavian monarchies rising between the 8th and 11th centuries, which is called
the Viking Age. The Heimskringla, also known as The Circle of the World is a set of
writings based on Icelandic oral memory about the Norwegian kings and the conception
of a Norwegian territory. While we investigated the relationship between the members
of royalty, their companions and the Scandinavian people, we delineate the relationship
between memory, identity and war. Our study points out how the Scandinavian war
produces, in its storytelling, proper spaces, in socio-political relations among the
participants, in the organization of its conflicts or the location of war activities, where
places are transformed into essential points in these narratives. The war is both a place
of identity statements and a space of practices, necessary for the strengthening of royal
power<br>O objetivo de nossa disserta??o ? estudar como os escritos escandinavos produziram
uma identidade da Noruega em ideais b?licos dentro de uma compila??o de sagas
islandesas chamada Heimskringla e que tem parte de seu conte?do voltado para
narrativas de um momento conturbado do surgimento das monarquias escandinavas
entre o s?culo VIII e XI, a chamada Era Viking. O Heimskringla, tamb?m conhecido
como O C?rculo do Mundo , ? um conjunto de escritos baseados na mem?ria oral
islandesa sobre os reis noruegueses e a forma??o do territ?rio noruegu?s. Na medida em
que investigamos a rela??o entre os membros da realeza, seus companheiros e os povos
escandinavos, passamos a delinear as rela??es de mem?ria, identidade e guerra. Nosso
trabalho pontua a maneira como a guerra escandinava produz, em suas narrativas,
espa?os pr?prios, seja nas rela??es pol?tico-sociais entre seus participantes, na
organiza??o de seus conflitos ou na localiza??o das atividades guerreiras, sendo que os
lugares transformam-se em pontos essenciais dessas narrativas. A guerra ? ao mesmo
tempo um lugar de afirma??es identit?rias e um espa?o de pr?ticas necess?rias para o
fortalecimento do poder real
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Avis, Robert John Roy. "The social mythology of medieval Icelandic literature." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2837907c-57c8-4438-8380-d5c8ba574efd.
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This thesis argues that the corpus of Old Norse-Icelandic literature which pertains to Iceland contains an intertextual narrative of the formation of Icelandic identity. An analysis of this narrative provides an opportunity to examine the relationship between literature and identity, as well as the potency of the artistic use of the idea of the past. The thesis identifies three salient narratives of communal action which inform the development of a discrete Icelandic identity, and which are examined in turn in the first three chapters of the thesis. The first is the landnám, the process of settlement itself; the second, the origin and evolution of the law; and the third, the assimilation and adaptation of Christianity. Although the roots of these narratives are doubtless historical, the thesis argues that their primary roles in the literature are as social myths, narratives whose literal truth- value is immaterial, but whose cultural symbolism is of overriding importance. The fourth chapter examines the depiction of the Icelander abroad, and uses the idiom of the relationship between þáttr (‘tale’) and surrounding text in the compilation of sagas of Norwegian kings Morkinskinna to consider the wider implications of the relationship between Icelandic and Norwegian identities. Finally, the thesis concludes with an analysis of the role of Sturlunga saga within this intertextual narrative, and its function as a set of narratives mediating between an identity grounded in social autonomy and one grounded in literature. The Íslendingasögur or ‘family sagas’ constitute the core of the thesis’s primary sources, for their subject-matter is focussed on the literary depiction of the Icelandic society under scrutiny. In order to demonstrate a continuity of engagement with ideas of identity across genres, a sample of other Icelandic texts are examined which depict Iceland or Icelanders, especially when in interaction with non-Icelandic characters or polities.
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Norman, William Hereward. "The classical Barbarian in the Íslendingasögur." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277652.
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The Íslendingasögur, written in Iceland in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, primarily describe the lives of Icelanders during the tenth and eleventh centuries. Many of these lives involve encounters with foreign peoples, both abroad and in Iceland, who are portrayed according to stereotypes which vary depending on the origins of those people. Notably, inhabitants of the places identified in the sagas as Írland, Skotland and Vínland are portrayed as being less civilized than the Icelanders themselves. This thesis explores the ways in which the Íslendingasögur emphasize this relative barbarity through descriptions of diet, material culture, style of warfare, and character. These characteristics are discussed in relation to parallel descriptions of Icelandic characters and lifestyle within the Íslendingasögur, and also in the context of a tradition in contemporary European literature which portrayed the Icelanders themselves as barbaric. Innovatively, comparisons are made with descriptions of barbarians in classical Roman texts, primarily Sallust, but also Caesar and Tacitus. Taking into account the availability and significance of classical learning in medieval Iceland, the comparison with Roman texts yields striking similarities between Roman and Icelandic ideas about barbarians. It is argued that the depiction of foreigners in the Íslendingasögur is almost identical to that of ancient Roman authors, and that the medieval Icelanders had both means and motive to use Roman ideas for inspiration in their own portrayal of the world. Ultimately it is argued that when the medieval Icelanders contemplated the peoples their Viking Age ancestors encountered around the world, they drew on classical ideas of the barbarian to complement the mix of oral tradition, literary inspiration and contemporary circumstance that otherwise form the Íslendingasögur.
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Shortt, Butler Joanne. "Narrative structure and the individual in the Íslendingasögur : motivation, provocation and characterisation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269413.
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This thesis takes a fresh, character-based approach to the Íslendingasögur. It is inspired by a narratological study that unites the functional and structural role of characters with their human, individualistic portrayal. My major objective is to demonstrate the important connection between characterisation and structure in the sagas. By drawing attention to characters that I term narrative triggers, I offer a way of reading the sagas that relies both on the narrative conventions of tradition and on the less predictable, personal interactions between the cast of any given saga. In the case of both major and minor figures in the Íslendingasögur a certain type of character is often present to perform necessary motivational functions, allowing the plot to develop. In Part I I emphasise the functional aspect of these characters, before exploring unusual examples that emphasise their individuality in Part II.The motivation of the plot is linked throughout to the figure of the ójafnaðarmaðr. A secondary objective is to provide a clearer understanding of the nature and function of this commonly occurring character type. The ójafnaðarmaðr is frequently alluded to in scholarship,but this thesis provides the first in-depth study of the portrayal of these characters. The quality that informs them (ójafnaðr,‘inequity’, lit. ‘unevenness’) is a threat to one of the core values of saga society and hints at an ‘unbalancing’ of social interactions and of the narrative equilibrium itself. That this unbalance leads to changes in the social structure of the setting is a key factor in driving the plots of the sagas along. For this reason, a detailed examination of the figure of the ójafnaðarmaðr is long overdue: they can be observed to perform a specific narrative function but are always fitted to suit their particular context. Focussing on the structural conventions of character introduction, Part I establishes my methodology and catalogues the examples of characters introduced as ójafnaðarmenn. The scope is limited to those introduced as such because it allows me to establish for the first time the full corpus and conventions of these characters and their introductions. Following developments in our understanding of the oral background to the sagas, my approach to these narratives is built upon the evidence of their shared origins in pre-literate storytelling [...]. The intersection between functionality and individuality in character brings certain aspects of the Íslendingasögur to the fore. Part II of this thesis shows that in combination with the structural markers explored in Part I, the sagas employ the collective perspective of the general public, other characters and ‘irrational’ motivators such as fate to contribute to their techniques of characterisation. Because disruptive qualities speak inherently of a difference in the way an individual sees themselves and in the way the public sees them, or we as an audience are meant to see them, figures termed ójafnaðarmaðr are an ideal focal point for the development of this study.
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Edblom, Lena. "Långhus i Gene : teori och praktik i rekonstruktion." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Archaeology and Sami Studies, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-248.
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<p>Under åren 1977–89 bedrev arkeologiska institutionen vid Umeå universitet en forskningsundersökning av en boplats från äldre järnålder på Genesmon i Själevad socken, norra Ångermanland. Under åren 1991–99 rekonstruerades delar av gården i Gene fornby, ett hundratal meter därifrån. Denna avhandling behandlar uppbyggnad och inredning av ett av gårdens långhus, hus II, samt den treskeppiga byggnadstypens konstruktion och funktion i en större kontext. Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva växelverkan mellan teori och praktik i rekonstruktion, att beskriva rekonstruktionsarbete som en föränderlig förklarings- och förståelseprocess samt att undersöka om rekonstruktion kan bidra till ökad förståelse av arkeologiska huslämningar. Efter nära 5000 års dominans i södra och mellersta Skandinavien upphör långhusen att vara det allmänna byggnadsskicket i slutet av yngre järnålder. Varför detta sker blev en viktig fråga för förståelsen av byggnadstypen.</p><p>En hermeneutisk modell används för att beskriva hur tolkningarna under rekonstruktionsarbetet kom att inverka på varandra i en serie av samverkande eller motverkande förklaringar till den arkeologiska lämningen. Utifrån arkeologiska och skriftliga källor beskrivs därefter indelning och inredning av långhuset i sju rumsfunktioner som kan benämnas bur, önd, skåle, fjös, stall, lada och eldhus. Eldens roll, hedersplatsens placering och byggnadstypens förändring i Island blev viktiga delar för att förstå byggnadens ideologiska betydelse. Genom flera experiment med uppvärmning har lösningar sökts på problem med en rökig bostadsmiljö. Erfarenheterna leder slutligen fram till ett förslag på lösning som också illustrerar hur påtagligt förebilden kom att styra tolkningsarbetet.</p><p>Rekonstruktionsarbetet ledde till resultat av olika karaktär: dels erfarenheter om konstruktion, funktion samt material - och tidsåtgång för uppförande av den specifika huslämningen hus II och dels nya generella frågor och ny kunskap som ökar förståelsen kring den treskeppiga byggnadstypen. Långsträckt form, takbärande stolpar, mitthärd och relation till kult och ideologi föreslås som karaktäristiska element för byggnadstypen över tid och rum och byggnadens relation till ideologi föreslås som en av förklaringarna till varför långhusen försvinner i samband med kristnandet. När övergången till ett nytt byggnadsskick med ramverkshus sker under vikingatidens slutskede diskuteras den politiska och kyrkliga makten som styrande till dessa genomgripande förändringar.</p><br><p>During the years of 1977-89 the Department of Archaeology at Umeå University conducted a scientific investigation of an Early Iron Age settlement at Genesmon in the parish of Själevad, northern Ångermanland. Subsequently, during the years 1991-99 parts of the farm were reconstructed at Gene Fornby, a couple of hundred meters away from the site. This thesis deals with the construction and furnishing of one of the farm’s longhouses (House II), and the wider context of the construction and function of the “three-aisled” building type. The purpose of this thesis is to describe the interaction between theory and practice in reconstruction, to describe the reconstruction process as a constantly changing process of explanation and understanding, and to investigate as to whether reconstructions can contribute to an increased understanding of archaeological house remains. At the end of the Late Iron Age, after nearly 5000 years of dominance in Southern and Central Scandinavia, the longhouse ceases to be the dominant form of construction. Understanding why this happened became an important problem in this work. </p><p>During the reconstruction work, different interpretations influenced one another in a series of positive and negative feedbacks into the explanations of the archaeological remains. A hermeneutic model is used to describe this phenomenon. From archaeological and written sources, division and furnishing of the long-houses can be described in terms of seven room functions. These can be classified as storage bur, porch önd, living room skåle, byre fjös, stable stall, barn lada and rough kitchen eldhus. In order to understand the ideological meaning of the buildings the role of the fire, the placement of the seat of honour and the change in the type of building in Iceland became important parts of this study. Numerous heating experiments have been undertaken in order to try to solve the problem of excessive smoke within the building. The experiments finally led to a possible solution that also serves to illustrate just how the model itself came to influence the process of interpretation.</p><p>The reconstruction work led to results of different character: partly data on construction, function and materials – and the time frame for the construction of House II from its archaeological remains; and partly knowledge and new theories which increase our understanding of the three-aisled building form. The elongated form, roof supporting poles, central hearth and a close association with ritual and ideology are suggested as characteristic elements for this type of construction, throughout its chronological and spatial extent. The relationship between the building and Norse ideologies is suggested as one of the explanations for the longhouse’s dissappearance with the introduction of Christianity. At the end of the Viking Age, there is a transition into a new framework based method of construction, and the political and ecclesiastical authorities are discussed as having governed these widespread changes.</p>
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Fairise, Christelle. "Écrire et réécrire la vie de la Vierge en Islande au Moyen âge (XIIIe-XIVe siècles), la "Maríu saga" : étude et traduction." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20053.
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La Maríu saga est une saga hagiographique anonyme d’origine monastique faisant le récit de la vie de Marie, de sa conception à son Assomption, rédigée en langue vernaculaire et composée entre le dernier tiers du XIIIe siècle et la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle en Islande. Assortie d’une traduction inédite du texte, la présente étude se propose comme une nouvelle approche de la Maríu saga que nous inscrivons dans la longue tradition littéraire et théologique des Vies de la Vierge, des biographies homilétiques mariales tributaires des évangiles apocryphes composées par des moines et théologiens du VIIe au Xe siècle dans l’Empire Byzantin, et que nous situons dans le contexte littéraire et culturel européen médiéval afin de mettre en lumière les enjeux poétiques et doctrinaux que soulève l’acte d’écrire et de réécrire la vie de la Vierge en Islande au Moyen Âge. Pour ce faire, nous envisageons l’œuvre de différents points de vue, d’abord de l’histoire de la réception des textes bibliques et parabibliques, ensuite contextuel et philologique, puis littéraire et enfin théologique. Nous nous employons à montrer à travers son étude poétique et doctrinale que, à l’exemple des vies de Marie médiévales ecclésiastiques, la Maríu saga manifeste des spécificités propres au foyer culturel de son époque : medium entre la littérature et la théologie, l’œuvre est un texte hagiographique narratif qui présente le double intérêt d’être à la fois un témoin de la pratique de la réécriture hagiographique en langue vernaculaire et le reflet du développement dogmatique et de l’évolution de la réflexion théologique sur Marie, et de fait sur le Christ, en Islande médiévale<br>Maríu saga is an anonymous hagiographic saga relating the story of Mary’s life, from her Conception to her Assumption, written in the vernacular and composed in the monastic milieu between the last third of the thirteenth century and the second half of the fourteenth century in Iceland. Coupled with an unprecedented translation of the text, this dissertation offers a new approach to Maríu saga that I situate within the long literary and theological tradition of the Lives of the Virgin – these Marian biographic homilies which draw on apocryphal gospels were composed by monks and theologians from the seventh to the tenth century in the Byzantine Empire –, and that I put into the European medieval literary and cultural context in order to examine the literary and doctrinal issues raised by the act of writing and rewriting the life of the Virgin in Iceland in the Middle Ages. I successively consider Maríu saga from different perspectives: in a first part, from the history of the reception of biblical and parabiblical texts; in a second part, from an historical and a philological aspect; in a third part, from a literary point of view; and in a fourth part, from a theological angle. My aim is to demonstrate through the study of its poetics and its doctrine that, like the medieval ecclesiastical lives of Mary, Maríu saga bears specific features of its cultural area of its time: medium between literature and theology, this work is a narrative hagiographic text that presents the double interest of being the witness both to the practice of hagiographic rewriting in the vernacular and to the doctrinal development and the evolution of the theological reflection on Mary, and in fact on Christ, in medieval Iceland
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Capildeo, S. V. P. "Reading Egils saga Skallagrímssonar : saga, paratext, translations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:182b199f-3222-4610-81fa-6e36814bbb1c.
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This thesis is concerned with how a set of different texts, all titled with various English or Icelandic versions of Egils saga, exists, can be interrelated, and may be read. The first level of interpretation, before reading of the text even begins to occur, is a response to the book as a physical object whose ordering encourages and excludes certain interpretations. The first two chapters analyze the six English translations of Egils saga: W.C. Green (1893), E.R. Eddison (1930), Gwyn Jones (1960), Christine Fell and John Lucas (1975), Hermann Palsson and Paul Edwards (1976), Bernard Scudder (1997): together with the Icelandic editions used as their source texts, in terms of paratext, as developed by Gerard Genette. The third chapter consists of translation analyses. These use some of the methods of traditional translation criticism, together with more liberal methods of analysis associated with 'Translation Studies', as established by Susan Bassnett, among others. I conclude that the reader of translations who intends to move between 'target language' (language of translation) and 'source language' (language for translation), or who is in the process of getting the freedom to make transitions between these languages, is a special case, and that there is a literature which exists for them. By this I mean that, while it can be liberating to read literary translations as works 'in their own right', there are areas in some literary translations where it is best, or possible, to manipulate several languages and culture levels. There are also literary translations where the play between source language and target language, texts and paratexts, is necessary to their existence. Although I retain the 'source' and 'target' terminology of Translation Studies, I begin the chapter by questioning the direction of the vector: "target" texts are in some senses the 'source' texts for the 'source' texts subsequently encountered by readers between languages. The final chapter studies processes of transformation in Egils saga, following the Islenzk fornrit text. It shows how the saga itself is concerned with the meaning and powers of language and processes of transmission: it translates itself, not in a modern self-reflexive sense, but with its own, historically particular aesthetic.
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NANNINI, SOFIA. "The Icelandic Concrete Saga: Architecture and Construction (1847-1958)." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2898038.
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Piet, Jules. "The Self-Made Gods : euhemerism in the works of Saxo Grammaticus and Snorri Sturluson." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAG029.
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La Gesta Danorum de Saxo Grammaticus, ainsi que l’Edda et la Heimskringla de Snorri Sturluson, trois des plus importants textes du treizième siècle scandinave, ont recours à l’évhémérisme pour expliquer la religion de leurs ancêtres païens. Cette théorie selon laquelle les dieux païens étaient des imposteurs humains fut l’un des principaux outils des auteurs médiévaux pour traiter des religions païennes. La comparaison de l’oeuvre de Saxo et de celles de Snorri révèle que derrière une apparente similarité, leurs récits évhéméristes servent des visées idéologiques radicalement différentes : Saxo construit l’identité du royaume danois dont il veut affirmer l’indépendance, alors que Snorri produit un discours sur la nature du pouvoir royal, ses limites, et sa transmission. De plus l’étude du corpus médiéval révèle que la méthode évhémériste ne consiste pas seulement en une humanisation des dieux mais aussi en une reconstruction complète de la cosmologie mythique<br>Saxo Grammaticus’ Gesta Danorum, as well as Snorri’s Edda and Heimskringla, three of the most important texts of 13th century Scandinavia, use euhemerism to explain the religion of their pagan ancestors. This theory, according to which gods were human impostors, was one of the main tools that the medieval authors used to explain pagan religions. A comparison of Saxo’s works with those of Snorri reveals that behind an apparent similarity, their euhemeristic narratives serve radically different ideological agendas: Saxo constructs the identity of the Danish Kingdom, which he wants to depict as an independent kingdom, whereas Snorri produces a discourse on the nature of royal power, its limitations, and its transmission. Furthermore, the study of the medieval corpus reveals that the euhemerist method involves not only a humanization of the gods, but a complete reconstruction of mythic cosmology
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Cardew, Philip Westbury. "Genre, history and national identity in Icelandic saga narrative." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516720.
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Viljoen, Leonie. "Svinfellinga saga : a new critical edition of BL Add. 11, 127 fol." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22492.
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This is the first self-contained critical edition based on the most significant 17th century paper copy of the text of Reykjarfjarðarbók (AM 122b fol.), one of the two remaining vellum manuscripts of Sturlunga saga. Information about BL Add. 11,127 has hitherto been available only in annotations to editions of composite texts of the Sturlunga compilation and a few separate editions of its shorter sagas. This edition shows the nature of the 17th-century paper copy, its language, orthography and spelling, and reveals some linguistic change from the 14th century. Textual notes document all instances where BL Add. 11,127 differs from the other vellum manuscript, Króksfjarðarbók (AM 122a fol.), and two other paper copies: Stockholm pap. 8 4to and Adv. MS 21.3.17. The manuscripts have been examined and transcribed at first hand. The texts of the editions of Sturlunga saga by Vigfusson (1878), Kålund (1906-11), Jóhannesson et al. (1946) and Thorsson et al. (1988) are also considered. Lexical, syntactic, discursive and factual differences are shown to render a crisp, faster-moving, often more dramatic text, one which displays creativity and individuality in its processes of selection, abbreviation, addition and composition. The saga is placed in its social, historical and literary context and shown to reveal the tensions and contradictions of its age. The interpolation, hitherto excluded by editors, is shown to be part of the thematic and narrative design, linking the saga to the broader sweep of events in the Sturlung age which led to the loss of Iceland's independence. The glossary lists all words, their inflexions and conjugations, and gives grammatical and idiomatic explanations. The general notes, genealogical tables and the map of Iceland relevant to the text provide lexical, historical and literary background. Translations of sections difficult to trace elsewhere are appended.
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Nordal, Gudrun. "Ethics and action in thirteenth century Iceland : an examination of motivation and social obligation in Iceland, c. 1183-1264, as represented in Sturlunga saga." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670350.
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Tulinius, Torfi H. "The matter of the North : the rise of literary fiction in thirteenth-century Iceland /." Odense : University press, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39086914w.
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Meneghetti, Federica <1995>. "The sagas of Borg: Íslendigasögur as political tools in 13th century Iceland." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19158.
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Analisi di due saghe islandesi composte durante il Medioevo appartenenti al genere delle “Saghe degli Islandesi” in relazione al loro utilizzo come strumenti politici per rafforzare la posizione sociale e il diritto a governare sul distretto di Borgarfjördur della dinastia degli Sturlung . Le due saghe, Egils saga e Gunnlaugs saga Ormstungu, sono entrambe ambientate a Borg o nelle sue vicinanze.
Verrà fornita un’introduzione riguardante la struttura politica e sociale dell’Islanda in due diversi periodi storici: l’undicesimo secolo e il tredicesimo secolo. Ad essa segue la presentazione della vita e delle opere del famoso storico islandese Snorri Sturluson, rilevante ai fini di questa analisi.
Le due saghe verranno poi analizzate dopo averne fornito una breve sezione introduttiva e un riassunto degli eventi in esse raccontati.
Infine, verrà analizzata la relazione tra le due saghe e il loro utilizzo a livello politico.
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Ólafsdóttir, Ólöf Ásta. "An Icelandic midwifery saga : coming to light : "with woman" and connective ways of knowing." Thesis, University of West London, 2006. https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1080/.
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The aim of this thesis was to explore storytelling of Icelandic midwives' working lives, in the period from the mid twentieth century to the present time. This ethnographic narrative study was designed with a broad perspective looking at birth stories of midwives as mine full of their knowledge to identify and uncover. Interviews were conducted with twenty midwives to collect birth-stories that represent the social and cultural world of childbirth and midwifery in Iceland, and theory was to arise inductively from the midwives' own telling. Furthermore, one focus group interview with six midwives was conducted and field notes were used to gather more stories. The narrative analysis was designed by means of identifying the plot of the midwives' birth stories, which was identified as being "with woman", leading the focus towards midwives' relationship with women and their inner ways of knowing. The findings suggest that Icelandic midwives have a common philosophy of care that is associated with a midwifery partnership model, incorporated in the ideological statements of the Icelandic midwifery education in Iceland. Yet, in a diverse culture of changing childbirth, the birth stories illustrated the complexity of maintaining balance being pressed to base their work on conflicting models of care, including the social narrative of medical dominance. The research adds information and a deeper understanding of inner knowing of midwives, intuition and spiritual awareness in practice. The "act of being with" or yfirseta "sitting over" at birth was identified as being crucial for preserving and developing this kind of midwifery knowledge integrated with other kinds of knowledge systems. The midwives' storyline demonstrated three different types; one developed by learning from practice experience and the second was of more spiritual nature, even transcendence. The third type referred to the connective knowing where the two types overlap based on a reciprocal relationship with the woman - their connective way of knowing, which needs to be explored further. It is imperative to develop further narrative methodologies in different cultural context, to identify the central concepts of the midwife-with-woman relationship. Furthermore, research is needed on how the relationship affects development of midwifery knowledge, including the intuitive and spiritual, which provides safety of chidbirth.
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Kaiser, Charlotte. "Krankheit und Krankheitsbewältigung in den Isländersagas medizinhistorischer Aspekt und erzähltechnische Funktion /." Köln : Seltmann & Hein, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/50093851.html.
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Borodina, Kristina. "The Icelandic Banking Saga : The ways to deal or not to deal with a systemic banking crisis." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-363982.
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Every key feature of the Icelandic banking in the run-up to the 2008 year meltdown can be viewed as an emblem of the concept systemic banking crisis. The concept of a banking crisis is usually defined as “an event that shows significant signs of financial distress in the banking system and which is usually associated with significant bank runs, big losses in the banking system and bank liquidations.”[1]The detailed bank data, attained after the secrecy laws were being lifted after the crisis,[2]sheds light on five core problems that, in my estimate, portray the Icelandic crisis the best. These problems are unreliable deposit insurance system, fictional collaterals, inside dealing, the inadequacy of foreign reserves and supervision problems. Due to banks’ central role in economic welfare, the main scope of the regulations and laws in the area of banking is to contribute to operational stability in financial corporations, increase the credibility of the system, protect the customers and increase the confidence of the public. Failure of one bank can lead to disastrous consequences for the whole economic system.[3]Probably one of the most critical situations is a scenario of a bank run. Bank runs are usually seen as depositors’ reaction to fear about the bank’s solvency.[4]They are usually characterized by a massive simultaneous withdrawal from banks that in many cases may lead to liquidity problems due to the liquidity mismatch of the banks.[5]A bank’s liquidity is defined as bank’s capacity to quickly react to a sudden withdrawal without having to sell off illiquid assets.[6]The phenomenon of bank runs has two very particular features: (1)they are associated with a tendency to “run” as soon as there is a signal of potential solvency problems, and (2) a tendency to create feedback.[7]The first feature implies that the depositors are most likely to withdraw their funds as soon as they see the slightest sign of potential insolvency. The second feature is a reaction to the first signal, when depositors, who not necessarily believe in signals, run because they do not want to be the last ones to withdraw their money. Lost confidence in one bank may eventually spread to other banks and result not just in a failure of the banks involved, but even in a systemic failure. In light of the aforesaid, many countries take different measures to prevent bank runs and financial panic. Among these measures is an establishment of deposit-guarantee schemes( DGS).[8] The significant increase in deposits in Icelandic banks not only had the effect of transforming the financing of the Icelandic banking system but, as it will be discussed in the next chapters, eventually led to catastrophic consequences as about half of the deposits were deposited with the banks’ branches abroad and in foreign currency. This increase of deposits in foreign branches resulted in a substantial increase in the obligations of the Icelandic Depositors’ and Investors’ Guarantee Fund(TIF).[9]However, the TIF was unable to cope with such an increase. When depositors lost trust in Icelandic banks, and when there was no clear information whether the TIF covered the branches of Icelandic banks in the UK and Netherlands, a scenario of bank run was inevitable. Bank runs were seen not only in Iceland but also at the branches and subsidiaries of the Icelandic banks abroad. As stated above, a scenario of a bank run usually involves many depositors simultaneously withdrawing their deposits from a bank, which in its turn causes liquidity problems.[10]In the Icelandic case that is precisely what happened with bank accounts in Icelandic branches in the UK and Netherlands, since Icelandic banks were experiencing big liquidity problems in foreign currency.
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Dunn, Steven T. "Weaponizing Ordinary Objects: Women, Masculine Performance, and the Anxieties of Men in Medieval Iceland." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7781.
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This thesis unravels the deeper meanings attributed to ordinary objects, such as clothing and food, in thirteenth-century Icelandic literature and legal records. I argue that women weaponized these ordinary objects to circumvent their social and legal disadvantages by performing acts that medieval Icelandic society deemed masculine. By comparing various literary sources, however, I show that medieval Icelandic society gradually redefined and questioned the acceptability of that behavior, especially during the thirteenth-century. This is particularly evident in the late thirteenth-century Njal’s Saga, wherein a woman named Hallgerd has been villainized for stealing cheese from a troublesome neighbor. If Hallgerd were a man, this behavior would have been considered rán, which was a masculine act whereby men challenged one another to take things by force. As a woman, however, Hallgerd’s clever use of ordinary objects was unsettling to men; her act, although mirroring the masculine expectations of rán, has been condemned by the author. Thus, by emphasizing the anxieties of men regarding such behavior, it is evident that later male authors, particularly those writing from the late thirteenth century onwards, considered this behavior as preventing society’s progression away from extra-legal conflict resolution. In doing so, the author of Njal’s Saga demonstrated that both women and men were aware of the power that these ordinary objects had in the hands of ambitious women, as well as how potentially dangerous and harmful to society they could be.
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Heans-Głogowska, Eleanor Bridget. "Re-writing history in fourteenth-century Iceland : Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708614.
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Ingimundarson, Jon Haukur. "Of sagas and sheep: Toward a historical anthropology of social change and production for market, subsistence and tribute in early Iceland (10th to the 13th century)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187180.
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Research on medieval Iceland--focusing on the period of the Commonwealth, from the establishment of the National parliament of 36 chiefdoms in 930 to submission to the Norwegian King in 1264--generally assumes a perennial subsistence economy, neglects the significance of trade, and lacks focus on changes in farming systems and tributary relations. This dissertation deals with the formation of chiefdoms, communities, ecclesiastical institutions and state, and with production for market, subsistence and tribute in early Iceland in the context of climatic change and ecological succession. Based on the integrative use of narrative, legal and economic documents, and archaeological and ethnographically derived data, it is argued that foreign markets and domestic credit exchanges were key to productive relations and land tenure and farming systems prior to 1200. This dissertation describes (1) chiefdom formation in terms of the economic rule of merchant-farmers, (2) the integration of a broad-based subsistence economy supporting specialized sheep production and yielding surplus wool for export, (3) freeholder production intensification in the context of mercantile activity, (4) disintensification and a change to a farming system emphasizing sheep reared for efficient milk and meat production, (5) the rise of rent tenure, communal property rights, and tributary systems in contexts of developing ecclesiastic institutions and colonial relations with Norway. The sagas are examined to show how trade enterprises were facilitated through class, transmission of property, a cognatic ego-centered kinship system, marriage, fostering, and household networks. An extensive analysis of Bjarnar saga Hitdaelakappa reveals changes in the modes and means of production and shows the saga employing symbolism relating to marriage and kinship that reflects successive formation of different institutions and professional careers, as well as historically transforming links between Iceland and Norway, secular and ecclesiastical authority, and wealth accumulation and succession. A new model is proposed for looking at the 'secondary exploitation' of livestock and for characterizing levels and means of intensification and specialization in Northern farming. This model is applied to evidence from England pertaining to the period from Iron Age to the 15th century.
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Callow, Christopher. "Landscape, tradition and power in a region of medieval Iceland : Dalir c. 900 - c. 1262." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368431.
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Wetzler, Sixt [Verfasser], and Stefanie [Akademischer Betreuer] Gropper. "Combat in Saga Literature. Traces of martial arts in medieval Iceland / Sixt Wetzler ; Betreuer: Stefanie Gropper." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1199547182/34.
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Burt, Robert A. ""A Considered Conversion": The Conscious Choice to Accept Christianity by the Populace of Iceland and Greenland in the Era of Scandinavian Conversion." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2928.
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A Considered Conversion: The Conscious Choice to Accept Christianity by the Populace of Iceland and Greenland in the Era of Scandinavian Conversion Robert A. Burt Department of History, BYU Master of Arts Most studies of the Christianization of Scandinavia attribute the phenomenon to the influence of powerful kings. However, many times the conversion experiences of Iceland and Greenland are either ignored, or tied to the influence of these distant kings. This thesis unites sociological ideas relating to conversion along social and familial lines, ideas introduced by Roger Stark and Rodney Finke, with historical details of Icelandic and Greenland family genealogies found in Íslendingabók, Landnámabók, Kristni saga, and Njáls saga to demonstrate a clear pattern of Christian conversion along social and familial lines on the islands of Iceland and Greenland during the era of Scandinavian Conversion.
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Aberl, Jessica. "Genre's Genders: The Transformation of Gudrun from The Poetic Edda to Volsungasaga." University of Toledo Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=uthonors1481836342813156.
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Bonté, Rosalind Suzanne. "Conversion and coercion : cultural memory and narratives of conversion in the Norse North Atlantic." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708971.
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McDonald, Werronen Sheryl Elizabeth. "Transforming popular romance on the edge of the World : Nítíða saga in Late Medieval and Early Modern Iceland." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5061/.
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This thesis focuses on late medieval and early modern Icelandic literature and society roughly spanning the years 1400–1700, including the reception and reinterpretation of medieval Icelandic popular texts after the Icelandic Reformation in 1550. The thesis discusses in detail one late medieval Icelandic romance called Nítíða saga, which was very popular in post-Reformation Iceland, surviving in 65 manuscripts. The thesis is organized into two parts. Part One discusses Nítíða saga’s internal and external contexts, looking at the saga as a physical and cultural artefact, as well as its setting. Chapter One delves into the saga’s manuscript context, including a classification of the surviving manuscript witnesses and a discussion of the medieval text’s post-Reformation reception and transformation through three case studies. Chapter Two discusses the saga’s intertextual relationships, through the analysis of a prominent motif and through two case studies highlighting the saga’s relationships with other Icelandic romances. Chapter Three analyses the saga’s setting, investigating the text’s unusual depiction of world geography. Part Two considers the saga’s characters and their relationships: Chapter Four discusses the depiction of the saga’s hero, including perspectives on gender and power; Chapter Five looks at the characterization of other figures in the saga and how they reinforce the hero’s position; and Chapter Six explores the role of the narrator. Overall this thesis shows, through material philology together with literary analysis, how Nítíða saga explores and negotiates the genre of Icelandic romance. The thesis also raises questions of Icelandic identity, both locally and in relation to the wider world, uncovering relationships among manuscripts and texts, which have previously gone unnoticed, and also shedding light on Icelandic attitudes towards literature and literacy in the late medieval and early modern periods.
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Farnsworth-Everhart, Lauren. "The Death of All Who Possess It: Gold, Hoarding, and the Monstrous in Early Medieval Northern European Literature." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1619783734315379.
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Fridriksson, Adolf. "La place du mort. Les tombes vikings dans le paysage culturel islandais." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040215/document.
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La place du mort est une étude topographique des sépultures païennes de l'âge de fer en Islande. Le but de ce travail est d'étudier la localisation des tombes et d'en déterminer le sens. Les résultats se fondent sur une révision critique de toutes les données disponibles en matière de site funéraire en Islande, et sur la fouille de chaque sépulture répertoriée. Les données obtenues permettent l'élaboration d'un modèle de localisation des tombes qui les situe a) loin des fermes, mais près des frontières et des routes, b) à proximité des fermes et à une courte distance de leur zone d'activité principale et c) au carrefour entre la route principale et l'allée menant au corps de ferme. Ces résultats ont été testés et confirmés par d'autres explorations de terrain et des fouilles récentes. La comparaison des tombes situées en a) et en b) met en évidence une différence intéressante : près des fermes, les tombes sont souvent orientées nord-sud, les sépultures sont en petit nombre et d'une variété limitée, et la population des défunts est majoritairement constituée d'hommes adultes ou âgés. Les tombes éloignées des fermes quant à elles sont le plus souvent orientées est-ouest, présentent une variété plus importante de biens funéraires, et contiennent des hommes et des femmes de tous âges. Les spécificités topographiques sont interprétées comme reflétant les différentes étapes du processus de la colonisation humaine de l'Islande, qui a eu lieu à la fin du IXe siècle : au stade initial, les sépultures sont placées près de l‘unique endroit important aux yeux des premiers colons : leur habitation. Puis la croissance de l'immigration entraîne de nouvelles règles, dont l'élaboration de frontières entre les propriétés agricoles, frontières signifiées entre autres par les cimetières qui y sont établis. Vers la fin de la colonisation, les démarcations sont nettes et convenues. Les frontières sont désinvesties et les lieux d'importance sont alors déplacés aux carrefours entre route principale et allée conduisant au nouveaux corps de ferme construits au sein d'établissements prééxistants<br>The Place of the Dead. Viking Pagan Burial in Icelandic Cultural LandscapeLa place du mort is a topographical study of pagan burials from the late Iron Age in Iceland. The aim of this work is to investigate where burials are located, and explain the reason behind the choice of place. The results are based on a critical revision of all available data on known burial sites in Iceland, and a survey of each site in the field. The main results are presented as a model of burial location, which shows that graves were placed either a) away from farmhouses, on boundaries and by roads, or b) close to farms, and a short distance outside the main activity area of the farm, or c) at the crossroads between the main road and the home lane leading to the farm. These results were tested – and confirmed - by further field survey and excavation. When the details of each grave at the two extreme locations were compared, and interesting difference became apparent: At locations near farms, the graves are frequently orientated N-S, the grave-goods are in small numbers and of a limited variety, and the population are predominantly adult or old men. The graves far away from the farm, are most often oriented E-W, there is a greater number and a greater variety of gravegoods, and there are male and female graves of people of all ages.The differences between locations are explained as different stages of the process of the human colonisation of Iceland which occurred in the late 9th century : at the initial stage, burials were located near to the only significant place of the first settlers, the habitation. With growing immigration, people establish boundaries between farms by placing cemeteries there. Towards the end of the colonisation, where boundaries have been agreed upon, the most significant location shifts again, from boundaries, to the junction between the main road and the home track, leading to the farm which has been located between two already established settlements
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Pereira, Valéria Sabrina. "Die küneginne rîch - o mundo feminino em \'A Canção dos Nibelungos\' e \'A Saga dos Völsung\'." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8144/tde-22022007-203412/.
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As obras A Canção dos Nibelungos e A Saga dos Völsung foram escritas na região que hoje corresponde à Áustria, no século XII, e na Islândia, no século XIII, respectivamente. São obras apresentam as mesmas personagens, assim como uma narrativa semelhante, mas tem um tratamento diferenciado dessas personagens, e a narrativa se desenvolve de maneira notoriamente díspare na segunda parte das obras. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o papel das personagens femininas, as quais são de vital importância para o desenvolvimento das vinganças que constituem o tema principal dessas histórias. A pesquisa foi fundamentada nas vertentes atuais da Medievística alemã que integra as tradições da filologia crítica e uma hermenêutica informada pela teoria da recepção. Os procedimentos centrais consistem em leitura crítica, comparação e interpretação dos textos literários, seguidos por uma confrontação de controle mediante estudos historiográficos. O estudo foi separado em cinco partes, sendo elas: Os Pares Românticos, Casamento, Maternidade, Mulheres e Poder, e, Conflitos Violentos da Perspectiva feminina. Nesses capítulos, procurou-se analisar os principais campos de atuação feminina, de forma a poder destacar como as semelhanças e diferenças entre as culturas e o imaginário dessas distantes regiões se refletem em duas obras que têm por base a mesma matéria.<br>The works The Nibelungenlied and The Saga of the Volsungs were written in the region that nowadays corresponds to Austria during the 12th Century and in Iceland during the 13th Century, respectively. Those are works that have the same characters and a similar plot, but they show the characters in a different way, as well as the plot takes separate ways on the second part of each book. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the role of the feminine characters, which are of great importance to the main theme of those stories: revenge. The research has been based on the modern german medieval studies, which combines the tradition of the critical philology with an interpratation of texts informed by the theory of reception. The main procedures are the critical lecture, critical comparison and interpretation of the texts, and, at last, a confrontation with historical documents. This study has five parts: The Romantic Pairs, Wedding, Maternity, Women and Power, and, Violent Conflicts from a Feminine Perspective. On these chapters it was atempted to analyse the main fields of feminine actions, in way that enable the reader to recognize how the similarities and the differences between the cultures and the imaginary world of those distant regions are reflected in two works that are based on the same material.
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Hansson, Stefan. "Gemensamma strukturer i isländska sagor." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-31914.
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This paper is a morphological structure-analysis of icelandic tales to determine their common and distinguishable components in relation to one another and to the russian folktale with Vladimir Propp’s book Morphology of the Folktale (1968) as theoretical basis. The paper looks at the Poetic Edda and Njals saga and the functions of the actions for each other and for the story as a whole. Although the icelandic tales shows great similarities with the russian folktale in general, it also shows deviations. The functions have sometimes appeared on inverted positions, and in a full third of the stories the evil has won over the good in a crucial struggle, but has in 90 % of these stories still been punished before the end. In seven of the thirty tales the story has ended with a foreboding of misfortune or lack. My conclusion is therefore that the icelandic tales indeed shows a common morphological structure, but also deviations in relation to Propps conclusions which could function as a basis of critique against his theory as well as a foundation for future research to improve his theory.
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Adeux, Malo. "Appropriation et légitimation du discours historique : l’exemple de trois traductions vernaculaires du De Excidio Troiae de Darès le Phrygien : la Veraie Estorie de Troies, l’Ystoria Daret galloise, la Trójumanna saga islandaise (XIIIème siècle)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2023. https://theses-scd.univ-brest.fr/2023/These-2023-ALL-Langue_litteratures_francaises_litteratures_francophones-ADEUX_Malo-Tome_1.
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Se présentant comme témoin oculaire de la guerre de Troie, Darès le Phrygien est l’historien de référence du Moyen Âge latin sur le conflit troyen. Au XIIIe siècle, son ouvrage, De Excidio Troiæ, est traduit dans plusieurs langues vernaculaires, parmi lesquelles le français, le gallois ou l’islandais (ou norrois). Mais le récit de Darès vient rarement seul : on le trouve associé au récit romain, ainsi qu’à l’histoire des Bretons (les actuels Gallois), qui pensent à l’époque être d’ascendance troyenne. Dans cette étude, j’analyse les stratégies textuelles à l’oeuvre pour légitimer le transfert du récit darétique vers les langues vernaculaires et s’approprier ce récit par une nouvelle communauté textuelle, non latinisée. Ce travail se présente comme une étude comparée de ces trois corpus. Après une présentation du contexte d’écriture, des manuscrits, vient une analyse des sources et des manières dont elles sont employées par les traducteurs. Après une analyse des compilations, vient celle des stratégies textuelles internes, c’est-à-dire le traitement du texte de Darès, les modifications, l’explicitation des références, la figure du narrateur et les conceptions de l’histoire exprimées dans ces oeuvres. Je tâche de montrer ici que l’appropriation de la matière troyenne, si elle n’est jamais expliquée, provenait d’un intérêt spécifique pour le récit de Darès et l’histoire de Troie de manière générale<br>Presenting himself as an eyewitness of the Trojan war, Dares Phrygius is the reference historian of the Latin Middle Ages when it comes to the war of Troy. In the 13th century, his work, De Excidio Troiæ, wastranslated in many vernacular languages, amongst them French, Welsh and Norse (i.e. Icelandic). But the story of Dares seldom comes alone: it is often associated with the story of Romans or even of Bretons (i.e. Welsh), as they thought themselves then to be of Trojan ascent. In this study, I analyze the textual strategies at work in order to legitimize the transfer of Dares’s story towards vernacular languages and to appropriate this story by a new, unlatinized, textual community. This work presents itself as a compared study of these three corpuses. After a presentation of the context in which they were written and their manuscripts comes an analysis of the sources and their uses by the translators. After analyzing the compilations, I turn towards internal textual strategies, that is the treatment of the story of Dares, the modifications, the explanation of references, the role of the narrator and how history was conceived therefore in these works. In this study, I endeavor to show that appropriating the Trojan matter, even if the process is never made explicit in the texts, came from a specific interest for the story of Dares and more generally for the history of Troy
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Champion, Margrét Gunnarsdóttir. "Theorizing character the Icelandic family saga /." 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/63537637.html.
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Crocker, Christopher W. E. "Les demoiselles d'islande: on the representation of women in the sagas of Icelanders." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4436.
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For much of the history of saga scholarship, questions of origins, the role of feud, kinship, and the structure of the society, and its institutions, have been fertile grounds for research. As such, the female characters – who were certainly less overtly prominent in the settlement of the country as outlined in the texts, as well as in the public and institutional structures – have often been overlooked as subjects of in depth scholarly enquiry. Turning a sharp gaze upon three particular characters, from three different sagas: Auðr from Gísla saga, Guðrún from Laxdæla saga, and Hallgerður from Njáls saga, and entering upon a comparative analysis of the introductions, marriages, and divorces – if applicable – of the characters, this study refutes the archetypical models under which these characters are sometimes studied, and examines the idea of marriage, contrary to its commonly perceived function, as largely a destabilizing force.
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Korecká, Lucie. "Sturla Þórðarson: jeho dílo v kontextu jeho doby a analýza autorského záměru." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340546.
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Sturla Þórðarson: his work in context of his time and an analysis of the authorial intent The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the literary-historiographical works of Sturla Þórðarson with regard to the specific historical situation at the time of their origin and the methods and authorial intent of this 13th century Icelandic historian. The introductory chapters give a brief overview of Sturla Þórðarson's life in a broader historical context, based on the extant primary sources, and of his literary and literary- historiographical works. The major topic of the thesis is an analysis and comparison of two of the author's works, Íslendinga saga and Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar, in context of various scholars' views of medieval historiography. The former saga belongs to the genre of samtíðarsögur (contemporary sagas), the latter to the genre of konungasögur (kings' sagas). Both works present the same historical period. The major object of analysis is the differences in the author's approach to the historical material in his literary-historiographical works of different genres; this analysis is followed by an attempt to explain the differences. The first part of the thesis presents a separate analysis of each saga in context of the given genre. Both sagas are among the latest extant works in their respective...
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Lanpher, Ann. "The Problem of Revenge in Medieval Literature: Beowulf, The Canterbury Tales, and Ljósvetninga Saga." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24360.
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This dissertation considers the literary treatment of revenge in medieval England and Iceland. Vengeance and feud were an essential part of these cultures; far from the reckless, impulsive action that the word conjures up in modern minds, revenge was considered both a right and a duty and was legislated and regulated by social norms. It was an important tool for obtaining justice and protecting property, family, and reputation. Accordingly, many medieval literary works seem to accept revenge without question. Many, however, evince a great sensitivity to the ambiguities and paradoxes inherent in an act of revenge. In my study, I consider three works that are emblematic of this responsiveness to and indeed, anxiety about revenge. Chapter one focuses on the Old English poem Beowulf; chapter two moves on to discuss Chaucer’s Reeve’s Tale and Tale of Melibee from the Canterbury Tales; and chapter three examines the Old Icelandic family saga, Ljósvetninga saga. I focus in particular on the treatment of the avenger in each work. The poet or author of each work acknowledges the perspective of the avenger by allowing him to express his motivations, desires, and justifications for revenge in direct speech. Alongside this acknowledgement, however, is the author’s own reflection on the risks, rewards, and repercussions of the avenger’s intentions and actions. The resulting parallel but divergent narratives highlight the multiplicity of viewpoints found in any act of revenge or feud and reveal a fundamental ambivalence about the value, morality, and necessity of revenge. Each of the works I consider resists easy conclusions about revenge in its own context and remains incredibly current in the way it poses challenging questions about what constitutes injury, punishment, justice, and revenge in our own time.
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Schmid, M. M. E., D. Zori, E. Erlendsson, Catherine M. Batt, B. N. Damiata, and J. Byock. "A Bayesian approach to linking archaeological, paleoenvironmental and documentary datasets relating to the settlement of Iceland (Landnám)." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/12520.
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Yes<br>Icelandic settlement (Landnám) period farmsteads offer opportunities to explore the nature and timing of anthropogenic activities and environmental impacts of the first Holocene farming communities. We employ Bayesian statistical modelling of archaeological, paleoenvironmental and documentary datasets to present a framework for improving chronological robustness of archaeological events. Specifically, we discuss events relevant to the farm Hrísbrú, an initial and complex settlement site in southwest Iceland. We demonstrate that tephra layers are key in constraining reliable chronologies, especially when combined with related datasets and treated in a Bayesian framework. The work presented here confirms earlier interpretations of the chronology of the site while providing increased confidence in the robustness of the chronology. Most importantly, integrated modelling of AMS radiocarbon dates on Hordeum vulgare grains, palynological data, documented evidence from textual records and typologically diagnostic artefacts yield increased dating reliability. The analysis has also shown that AMS radiocarbon dates on bone collagen need further scrutiny. Specifically for the Hrísbrú farm, first anthropogenic footprint palynomorph taxa are estimated to around AD 830–881 (at 95.4% confidence level), most likely before the tephra fall out of AD 877 ± 1 (the Landnám tephra layer), demonstrating the use of arable fields before the first known structures were built at Hrísbrú (AD 874–951) and prior to the conventionally accepted date of the settlement of Iceland. Finally, we highlight the importance of considering multidisciplinary factors for other archaeological and paleoecological studies of early farming communities of previously uninhabited island areas.
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Mulvey, James Patrick. "The saga of the Confederates: historical truth in an Icelandic saga /." 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06282006-142304/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Roscoe, Brett. "Sagacious Liminality: The Boundaries of Wisdom in Old English and Old Norse-Icelandic Literature." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/12183.
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This dissertation examines the relationship between wisdom and identity in Old English and Old Norse-Icelandic literature. At present, the study of medieval wisdom is largely tangential to the study of proverbs and maxims. This dissertation makes wisdom its primary object of study; it sees wisdom not just as a literary category, but also as a cultural discourse found in texts not usually included in the wisdom canon. I therefore examine both wisdom literature and wisdom in literature. The central characteristic of wisdom, I argue, is its liminality. The biblical question “Where is wisdom to be found?” is difficult to answer because of wisdom’s in-between-ness: it is ever between individuals, communities, and times (Job 28:12 Douay-Rheims). As a liminal discourse, wisdom both grounds and problematizes identity in Old English and Old Norse-Icelandic literature. After a preliminary chapter that defines key terms such as “wisdom” and “wisdom literature,” I examine heroic wisdom in three characters who are defined by their wise traits and skills and yet who are ultimately betrayed by wisdom to death or exile. The implications of this problematic relation to wisdom are then examined in the next chapter, which analyzes the composition of wisdom in proverb poems. Like the wise hero, the poets represented in these poems blend their own voices with the voice of community, demonstrating that identity is open and therefore in need of constant revision. Next I examine how the liminality of wisdom is embodied in the figure of the wise monster, who negatively marks the boundaries of society and its desires. This then leads to a study of the reception of wisdom in chapter six, which focuses on instruction poems. Like narratives of wise monsters, these texts present lore as the nostalgic remnant of a tradition that defines identity, in this case the identity of a community. However, nostalgia assumes loss, and these texts also reveal an underlying fear that wisdom, the basis of the community’s identity, will be forgotten. Whether communal or individual, identity in this literature is both formed and threatened by liminal wisdom.<br>Thesis (Ph.D, English) -- Queen's University, 2014-05-08 15:35:46.885