Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ichtyose'
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CATTIN, OLIVIER. "Ichtyose sarcoidosique : a propos d'une observation." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M031.
Full textPetit, Hervé. "Les ichtyoses : classification actuelle, etude de 8 observations." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU31552.
Full textBen, Selma Mohamed Zied. "Syndrome de Dorfman-Chanarin. Etudes biochimique et fonctionnnelle de la protéine CGI- 58 humaine. Description de nouvelles mutations du gène CGI-58/." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA132037.
Full textDorfman-Chanarin syndrome (DCS) is a recessive disease characterrized by an ichthyosiform erythroderma associated with a diffuse tissular accumulation of triacylglycerol and mutations in a new gene, CGI-58. Ananlysis of CGI-58 mPNA with real time RT-PCR showed an ubiquitous distribution with an overexpression in fat tissue and epidermis. Using indirect IF, a diffuse cytoplasùmic staining was observed on all studied cell types. The recombinant form of CGI-58-6His-myc protein had a molecular weight of around 47 kDa and was not N-glycosylated. Functional analyses showed that CGI-58 was modulated un epidermis in vivo and that CGI-58 had a coordionated expression with the main genes involved in lipid metabolism (ADRP, perilipin, ATGL, TIP47 and flotilline-1) during epidermal differentiation in vitro. Finally we demonstrated a new homozygous A-to-G transition at position 343 converting the serine-115 to a glycine in a turkish DCS patient and a homozygous splice-site mutation G-to-A transition at position 773-1 in 3 tunisian patients. Our reults in human are in favor of a role of CGI-58 in epidermal differentiation through its interaction with lipid metabolism
CHOUQUAIS, LAURENCE. "Kid syndrome : a propos d'un cas avec revue de la litterature." Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM011.
Full textJOST, PATRICK. "Le bebe collodion : a propos de trois cas." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0202.
Full textRobin, Emmanuelle. "Le bebe arlequin : a propos d'un cas et revue de la litterature." Amiens, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AMIEM047.
Full textAmsellem, Carole. "Prolifération et différenciation des kératinocytes humains normaux et ichtyosiques : modulation par les ciclosporines." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1T115.
Full textZaafouri, Sarra. "Etude physiopathologique d'une ichtyose inflammatoire, le "peeling skin disease", à l'aide de deux modèles murins invalidés pour la cornéodesmosine." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30347/document.
Full textCornification is the final step of epidermal differentiation. It is characterized by structural and biochemical modifications of keratinocytes and leads to the formation of a solid, resistant, impermeable and moisturized cornified layer, responsible for the "barrier" function of the epidermis. Some rare genodermatoses, called ichthyoses, are caused by mutations of genes involved in cornification. The Peeling Skin Disease (PSD, OMIM 270300) is a generalized inflammatory ichthyosis characterized by important desquamation, eczema and severe itching. This chronic disease severely affects patients 'quality of life and no specific therapy is currently available. PSD is due to homozygous mutations in the Corneodesmosin (CDSN) gene, which codes an adhesive epidermal protein crucial for the cohesion of the stratum corneum (SC) and the epidermal barrier homeostasis. The pathophysiology of PSD is still poorly understood. The detachment of the SC leads to an impairment of the epidermal barrier which could in turn trigger erythema, atopic manifestations and pruritus by so far unidentified mechanisms. In order to dissect these mechanisms, I used two epidermis-specific Cdsn-deficient mouse models (knock-out, KO). The first mimics the early phase of PSD (detachment of the SC in Cdsnep-/- E18.5 embryos) and the second, inducible, reproduces the chronic phase (permanent permeability defect in Cdsniep-/- adult mice). I performed a comparative analysis of the skin transcriptome between these two models using DNA microarrays. Distinct molecular signatures related to a skin barrier repair response were highlighted: increased expression of inflammatory and proliferative genes (Cdsnep-/-) vs antimicrobial defense and cornification genes (Cdsniep-/-). In particular, a strong expression of genes coding for inhibitors of cysteine proteases from the stefin A family (cystatin A in humans), and serine proteases of the kallikrein (KLK) family, was distinguishable in Cdsniep-/- mice. This was secondarily confirmed in the epidermis of PSD patients. Among the KLKs, KLK13 was the most strongly up-regulated, contrary to KLK5 whose expression remains low and constant. Thus, KLK13 could take part into the inflammatory response and/or the desquamation when until now only KLK5 was described as playing a central role in these mechanisms. An up-regulation of KLK13 has already been described in the epidermis from PSD patients and from chronic psoriatic plaques, reinforcing our hypothesis. Thus, my results highlight KLK13, whose epidermal function is still poorly characterized. At the same time, I was part of a collaborative study focusing on the inflammatory component of the disease carried out with our Cdsniep-/- adult mouse model. The results showed a simultaneous development of type 2 and type 17 T lymphocytes responses as well as a counter-regulation between these two inflammatory axes. In conclusion, my work contributes to a better understanding of PSD pathophysiology. Notably, the Cdsniep-/- adult mouse model seems especially relevant to study the human disease. A further exploration, in the context of PSD, of the role of the candidate genes we identified could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. Finally, our results will certainly be helpful for the understanding of other inflammatory skin diseases with epidermal barrier defects, whether they are rare (Netherton syndrome, SAM syndrome) or frequent (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis)
GAY, SYLVAIN. "Dermatose ichthyosiforme a type d'ichthyose lineaire circonflexe avec fragilite cutanee, trichorrhexie invaginee, onychodystrophie : nouvel aspect du syndrome de netherton ou nouveau syndrome ; a propos d'une observation." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M046.
Full textBitoun, Emmanuelle. "Functional genetics of netherton syndrome." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30169.
Full textNetherton syndrome (NS) is a severe autosomal recessive ichthyosis characterised by congenital erythroderma, a specific hair shaft defect, and atopic manifestations. SPINK5 (serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5), encoding the 15-kazal-type-domain serine protease inhibitor LEKTI (lympho-epithelial Kazal-type related inhibitor), has recently been identified as the defective gene in NS. Screening of SPINK5 in 21 NS patients identified 18 mutations including nonsense, frameshift and splice site defects. These mutations result in premature termination codons which promote nonsense-mediated mRNA decay of SPINK5 transcripts in human primary keratinocytes (HK), predicting severe impairement of LEKTI expression in patients' skin epidermis. Based on the recurrence of particular mutations in specific ethnic groups, we have performed the first cases of prenatal diagnosis for a lethal form of NS by direct mutation detection. In the absence of genetic heterogeneity, we have also used linkage analysis at the SPINK5 locus for genetic counselling in one family. Using newly generated monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, we have shown that LEKTI is a marker of epithelial differentiation strongly expressed in the granular and uppermost spinous layers of skin epidermis, and in differentiated layers of stratified epithelia. .
PARMENTIER, LAURENT. "Vers l'identification d'un second gene pour les ichtyoses lamellaires." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077191.
Full textRoussel, Benjamin. "Étude biochimique d’ABHD5 dans le syndrome de Dorfman-Chanarin et en condition physiologique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD021/document.
Full textABHD5 is a lipase activator whose mutations induce triacylglycerol accumulation called Dorfman–Chanarin syndrome (DCS). DCS is characterized by ichthyosiform erythroderma resulting from acanthosis and orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. Ultrastructural findings include lipid droplets in basal and granular layers and abnormal lamellar bodies. The ichthyosis pathomechanism is unclear. Because some ichthyoses are associated with defective ceramide syntheses, we examined ceramides in 7 DCS patients. ABHD5 genetic analysis identified 4 different mutations, including 2 original, 1 missense and 1 large deletion. Epidermal ceramides were very low in all DCS patients but expression of ceramide genesis-related enzymes was minimally changed. Because ABHD5 might act indirectly on ceramides, we tried to identify ABHD5 partners. Three interactors were detected : perilipin-1, -2 and -3 (PLIN3) ; the latter is a new partner and involved in endosome transport through Rab9. PLA (protein proximity assay) demonstrated PLIN3’s physical closeness to ABHD5 in epidermis and PLIN3 was weakly expressed in DCS epidermis. These findings suggest that DCS-ichthyosis is linked to a trafficking defect of lamellar granules. Then we identified new ABHD5 alternative transcripts, 1 in mice (absence of exon 2) and 4 in human (absence of exon 6, 5, beginning of 6, 5 and 6). The full length ABHD5 and accessory bands were shown by western blot using human epidermis and fat extracts. The molecular weight of some of these bands was compatible with the predicted molecular weight of the isoforms encoded by these alternative transcripts. However, we were unable to identify these isoforms, nor the full length ABHD5 by mass spectrometry
Fischer, Judith. "Génétique des maladies dermatologiques avec l'exemple des kératodermies palmoplantaires, des ichtyoses récessives et du psoriasis." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077081.
Full textEriksson, Jennifer. "Generation of mutated expression plasmid KRT1 and comparison of HaCaT cells transfected with expression plasmid KRT1 or KRT10 concerning keratin aggregates." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176426.
Full textFrontin, Deborah. "Économie de pêche au Mésolithique et diversité piscicole à l'Holocène ancien dans le bassin hydrographique du Doubs." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H007/document.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on understanding fishing practices and their role in human subsistence economies during the Late-Glacial/Earl Holocene transition, through the ichtyo-archaeological study of over 11,000 fish bone remains. The remains original from four archaeological sites of the Doubs hydrographical basin (Jura, France), namely the Cabônes rock-shelter in Ranchot ( 1 very large assemblage dating from the Boreal period),Rochedane in Villars-sous-Dampjoux (5 assemblages spanning the Epipaleolithic to the Mesolithic), Gigot in Bretonvillers (2 mesolithic assemblages) and Roche-aux-Pêcheurs in Villers-le-Lac (2 mesolithic assemblages). After an initial reassessment of the most common analytical tools used in ichtyo-archaeology, we developed a thorough protocol allowing bath the characterisation of our assemblages (origin of deposit, taxonomical identification, quantification, body-size and weight estimates and the economic analysis of fishing as a subsistence activity. Fishing appears to have been practiced year-round, with an increase in catch at the beginning of the warm season. The activity stayed very local, and targeted ail of the available species. Fishermen seem to have favoured intermediate river environments, such as shallow banks o side channels, most suitable for setting fish-traps. The prey was then consumed directly on site, apparently without any prior preparation, and the refuse was discarded in the immediate vicinity, often around healths. Late-Glacial and Early Holocene societies of France demonstrate an excellent command of the exploitation of fluvial resources, and fishing appears to have been optimized to maximise yield-to-effort ratios
Solomon, Crina Cristina. "Un cas sévère d'ichthyose huileuse chez deux jumelles monozygotes diffère du syndrome de Chanarin-Dorfman et constitue une nouvelle entité nosologique." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15315.
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