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1
George, Nithu A., and Shyam Sudhir M. K. "To study the effectiveness of cord blood Albumin as a predictor of neonatal jaundice." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 2 (February 22, 2017): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20170724.
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Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the commonest problems in newborn. It can be due to different etiologies. Most often it is physiological jaundice. The main reasons for physiological jaundice is that in an infant the liver is not mature enough to handle the freely circulating bilirubin due to higher volume of short life erythrocytes in the circulation and low level of albumin. Early detection of neonatal jaundice is essential to prevent developing kernicterus as well as discharge the babies early. Albumin is synthesized by liver and helps in the transport of unconjugated bilirubin by binding to bilirubin it and thus making it nontoxic to the body. Low levels of albumin make bilirubin free and toxic to the body. Hence, this study was done to evaluate effectiveness of cord blood albumin as a predictor of neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: 50 term healthy newborns were included in the study with the term babies of both genders from any mode of delivery, birth weight >2.5 kg, APGAR score more than 7 at 1st and 5th minutes of life and without Rh incapability. Cord blood albumin levels were measured. Blood test for bilirubin was done when required and baby was managed accordingly.Results: Out of the total 50 neonates enrolled, 7 belonged to group 1 (albumin <2.8 g/dl), 34 to group 2 (2.8-3.3 g/dl), and 9 to group 3 (>3.3 g/dl). Out of the total 7 neonates in group 1, 6 (85.71%) was icteric at 24-48 hours and 1 (14.29%) was icteric at >72 hours. All the 7 neonates developed Hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy. 3 (42.86%) out the 7-neonate required phototherapy for more than 24 hours. Out of the total 34 neonates in group 2, 20 (58.82%) was icteric at >72 hours, 12 (35.29%) at 48-72 hours and 2 (5.88%) at 24-48 hours. Only 12 (35.29%) neonates had Hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy. Out of the total 9 neonates in group 3, 1 was icteric at 48 - 72 hours and 8 was icteric at >72 hours. But only 2 had Hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy.Conclusions: Cord blood albumin is an effective way to predict neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in term healthy infants.
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Suharti, Dewi, Sulina Yanti Wibawa, and Mutmainah Mutmainah. "ANALYSIS OF HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS AND LEUKOCYTE COUNT IN NEONATES WITH HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 25, no. 2 (April 13, 2019): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v25i2.1373.
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Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common clinical phenomena in neonatal patient. Etiology is generally physiological, only about 10% being pathological. It is important for clinicians to distinguish between physiological and pathological hyperbilirubinemia, because uncontrolled pathological conditions can cause severe complications of kern icterus, one ofthe causes of death in infants.This study was retrospective study by obtaining data of all neonatal patients with diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia, who undergone hemoglobin and leukocyte count test. The data were classified into two groups: physiological and pathological hyperbilirubinemia. Statistical tests were performed to assess the association of hemoglobin levels and leukocytes count between the two groups. A total of 144 data were collected, 54 physiological and 90 pathological hyperbilirubinemia. In physiological hyperbilirubinemia, hemoglobin levels and leukocyte counts were found to be normal, whereas in pathological anemia and leukocytosis developed and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0,001). Anemia was found in neonates with pathological hyperbilirubinemia caused by RDN, LBW, sepsis, hemolytic, and hemorrhagic. Leukocytosis was found in pathological hyperbilirubinemia caused by sepsis.There was a significant difference between the incidence of anemia and leukocytosis in physiological and pathological hyperbilirubinemia. It can be concluded that routine blood tests can be used to distinguish whether hyperbilirubinemia experienced by neonatel patient is a physiological or pathological condition, so it can be one of the tests suggested when the neonate is hyperbilirubinemia.
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Selvam, Sinduja, and Amar Taksande. "Risk Factors of Hyperbilirubinemia - A Case-Control Study in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Rural Central India." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 25 (June 21, 2021): 1904–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/393.
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BACKGROUND Hyperbilirubinemia is the most common cause of hospital readmission in neonates affecting about 60 % of term and 85 % of preterm neonates. Often, it is a benign condition but may result in neurological sequelae like bilirubin induced encephalopathy and kernicterus spectrum of disorders. We wanted to evaluate the foetal and maternal risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia and also identify the modifiable risk factors of it in neonates. METHODS An observational case - control study was carried out from July 2018 to July 2020. Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia levels in the range of phototherapy as described by the age and gestation by the American Academy of Paediatrics were taken as cases and neonates without hyperbilirubinemia were taken as controls. Detailed demographic-, prenatal-, perinatal-, family-history and physical-examination was undertaken for all the neonates included in the study and various risk factors were assessed such as the presence of maternal illness, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), premature rupture of membranes (PROM), prematurity, ABO and Rh incompatibility, previous history of phototherapy in siblings, breast feeding problems and birth asphyxia. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression studies of data collected has shown a significant association between IUGR (P value 0.01), prematurity (P value 0.002), ABO incompatibility (P value 0.009), breast feeding problems (P value 0.001), birth asphyxia (P value 0.05) and presence of PROM (P value 0.05) with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. CONCLUSIONS Early identification of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and prompt intervention reduces the morbidity and mortality associated with this common condition. KEY WORDS Jaundice of Neonate, Neonatal Jaundice, Icterus Neonatorum
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Jesus, Elisama Brito de, Arinete Véras Fontes Esteves, Elizabeth Teixeira, Horácio Pires Medeiros, Márcia Helena do Nascimento, and Vera Maria Sabóia. "Validação de tecnologia educacional sobre fototerapia para orientar familiares de neonatos ictéricos [Validation of educational technology on phototherapy to guide family members of icteric neonates] [Validación de tecnología educativa sobre fototerapia para orientar a familiares de neonatos ictéricos]." Revista Enfermagem UERJ 26 (December 30, 2018): e21789. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2018.21789.
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Objetivo: validar tecnologia educacional sobre fototerapia para orientar familiares de neonatos ictéricos. Método: estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico, realizado em 2012, com nove juízes especialistas, 11 enfermeiros assistenciais e 11 familiares, mediante aplicação de questionários submetidos à análise estatística. Foi realizado em uma maternidade pública estadual no município de Manaus, Brasil. Resultados: a tecnologia a ser validada foi do tipo álbum seriado, com dupla face, intitulado A luz que cura, a mão que cuida. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) foi de 79,7%. O Índice de Concordância (IC) na validação de aparência foi de 96,1% entre enfermeiros e 97,2% entre familiares. Conclusão:a tecnologia educacional mostrou-se válida quanto ao conteúdo e aparência, com potencial para orientar familiares de neonatos ictéricos por enfermeiros que atuam na área neonatal e maternidade.ABSTRACTObjective: to validate an educational technology on phototherapy designed to guide family members of icteric neonates. Method: a methodological study carried out in 2012 with 9 specialist, 11 nursing assistants and 11 family members, through the application of questionnaires later submitted to statistical analysis. The study was conducted in a state public maternity hospital in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Results: the technology that was to be validated was a double-sided flip chart called The light that heals, the hand that cares. The Content Validity Index was 79.7%. The Concordance Index for the validation of appearance was 96.1% among nurses and 97.2% among family members. Conclusion: the educational technology was validated for content and appearance and demonstrated potential for orientations of family members of icteric neonates conducted by nurses who work in the neonatal and maternity areas.RESUMENObjetivo: validar tecnología educativa sobre fototerapia para orientar a familiares de neonatos ictéricos. Método: estudio de desarrollo metodológico, realizado en 2012, con 9 jueces especialistas, 11 enfermeros asistenciales y 11 familiares, mediante aplicación de cuestionarios sometidos al análisis estadístico. Se realizó en una maternidad pública estadual en el municipio de Manaus, AM, Brasil. Resultados: la tecnología validada fue del tipo álbum seriado, con doble cara, titulado La luz que cura, la mano que cuida. El Índice de Validez de Contenido fue del 79,7%. El Índice de Concordancia en la validación de apariencia fue del 96,1% entre enfermeros y el 97,2% entre familiares. Conclusión: la tecnología educativa se mostró válida en cuanto al contenido y apariencia, con potencial para orientar a familiares de neonatos ictéricos por enfermeros que actúan en el área neonatal y maternidad.
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Jatau, ED, OB Toma, OJ Egesie, DO Damulak, Z. Ayuba, JO Ewuga, and TV Ma'an. "Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Newborn in Jos: A Necessary Evaluation for Icteric Neonates." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/2i4.2019127.
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Red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key regulatory enzyme with the major role of meeting the cellular need for reductive biosynthesis and maintenance of redox status. G6PD deficiency is a common inherited enzyme defect associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia that can result in permanent neurologic damage or death. This study was aimed at estimating the level of G6PD activity among icteric neonates to assess its usefulness in the evaluation of icteric neonates in Jos. One hundred and fifty icteric neonates (92 males and 58 females) whose parents consented were consecutively enrolled as they presented at the Special Care Baby Units (SCBU) of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Bingham University Teaching Hospital (BhUTH), and the Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH), Jos. These subjects had their G6PD activity levels assayed using the Pointe Quantitative Diagnostic Kit (USA) while other relevant clinical information was obtained using a questionnaire. G6PD activity of the icteric neonates ranged between 0.54 and 24.18 IU/gHb with a mean of 8.02 ± 4.87 IU/gHb. Sixty-one (40.7 %), comprising 45 males and 16 female neonates were G6PD deficient with mean G6PD activity of 3.79 ± 1.37 IU/gHb while eighty-nine (59.3%) were G6PD normal with a mean G6PD activity of 10.92 ± 4.24 IU/gHb. G6PD activity in icteric neonates in Jos varies widely with a relatively high proportion of these neonates being G6PD deficient. Determination of G6PD activity in icteric neonates should therefore form an important evaluation tool for identification and intervention in those with the deficiency.
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Jatau, ED, OB Toma, OJ Egesie, DO Damulak, Z. Ayuba, JO Ewuga, and TV Ma'an. "Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Newborn in Jos: A Necessary Evaluation for Icteric Neonates." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.127.
Full textAbstract:
Red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key regulatory enzyme with the major role of meeting the cellular need for reductive biosynthesis and maintenance of redox status. G6PD deficiency is a common inherited enzyme defect associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia that can result in permanent neurologic damage or death. This study was aimed at estimating the level of G6PD activity among icteric neonates to assess its usefulness in the evaluation of icteric neonates in Jos. One hundred and fifty icteric neonates (92 males and 58 females) whose parents consented were consecutively enrolled as they presented at the Special Care Baby Units (SCBU) of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Bingham University Teaching Hospital (BhUTH), and the Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH), Jos. These subjects had their G6PD activity levels assayed using the Pointe Quantitative Diagnostic Kit (USA) while other relevant clinical information was obtained using a questionnaire. G6PD activity of the icteric neonates ranged between 0.54 and 24.18 IU/gHb with a mean of 8.02 ± 4.87 IU/gHb. Sixty-one (40.7 %), comprising 45 males and 16 female neonates were G6PD deficient with mean G6PD activity of 3.79 ± 1.37 IU/gHb while eighty-nine (59.3%) were G6PD normal with a mean G6PD activity of 10.92 ± 4.24 IU/gHb. G6PD activity in icteric neonates in Jos varies widely with a relatively high proportion of these neonates being G6PD deficient. Determination of G6PD activity in icteric neonates should therefore form an important evaluation tool for identification and intervention in those with the deficiency.
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Jatau, ED, OB Toma, OJ Egesie, DO Damulak, Z. Ayuba, JO Ewuga, and TV Ma'an. "Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Newborn in Jos: A Necessary Evaluation for Icteric Neonates." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.v2.i4.2019.127.
Full textAbstract:
Red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key regulatory enzyme with the major role of meeting the cellular need for reductive biosynthesis and maintenance of redox status. G6PD deficiency is a common inherited enzyme defect associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia that can result in permanent neurologic damage or death. This study was aimed at estimating the level of G6PD activity among icteric neonates to assess its usefulness in the evaluation of icteric neonates in Jos. One hundred and fifty icteric neonates (92 males and 58 females) whose parents consented were consecutively enrolled as they presented at the Special Care Baby Units (SCBU) of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Bingham University Teaching Hospital (BhUTH), and the Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH), Jos. These subjects had their G6PD activity levels assayed using the Pointe Quantitative Diagnostic Kit (USA) while other relevant clinical information was obtained using a questionnaire. G6PD activity of the icteric neonates ranged between 0.54 and 24.18 IU/gHb with a mean of 8.02 ± 4.87 IU/gHb. Sixty-one (40.7 %), comprising 45 males and 16 female neonates were G6PD deficient with mean G6PD activity of 3.79 ± 1.37 IU/gHb while eighty-nine (59.3%) were G6PD normal with a mean G6PD activity of 10.92 ± 4.24 IU/gHb. G6PD activity in icteric neonates in Jos varies widely with a relatively high proportion of these neonates being G6PD deficient. Determination of G6PD activity in icteric neonates should therefore form an important evaluation tool for identification and intervention in those with the deficiency.
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Jatau, ED, OB Toma, OJ Egesie, DO Damulak, Z. Ayuba, JO Ewuga, and TV Ma'an. "Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Newborn in Jos: A Necessary Evaluation for Icteric Neonates." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.v2i42019.127.
Full textAbstract:
Red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key regulatory enzyme with the major role of meeting the cellular need for reductive biosynthesis and maintenance of redox status. G6PD deficiency is a common inherited enzyme defect associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia that can result in permanent neurologic damage or death. This study was aimed at estimating the level of G6PD activity among icteric neonates to assess its usefulness in the evaluation of icteric neonates in Jos. One hundred and fifty icteric neonates (92 males and 58 females) whose parents consented were consecutively enrolled as they presented at the Special Care Baby Units (SCBU) of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Bingham University Teaching Hospital (BhUTH), and the Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH), Jos. These subjects had their G6PD activity levels assayed using the Pointe Quantitative Diagnostic Kit (USA) while other relevant clinical information was obtained using a questionnaire. G6PD activity of the icteric neonates ranged between 0.54 and 24.18 IU/gHb with a mean of 8.02 ± 4.87 IU/gHb. Sixty-one (40.7 %), comprising 45 males and 16 female neonates were G6PD deficient with mean G6PD activity of 3.79 ± 1.37 IU/gHb while eighty-nine (59.3%) were G6PD normal with a mean G6PD activity of 10.92 ± 4.24 IU/gHb. G6PD activity in icteric neonates in Jos varies widely with a relatively high proportion of these neonates being G6PD deficient. Determination of G6PD activity in icteric neonates should therefore form an important evaluation tool for identification and intervention in those with the deficiency.
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Jatau, ED, OB Toma, OJ Egesie, DO Damulak, Z. Ayuba, JO Ewuga, and TV Ma'an. "Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Newborn in Jos: A Necessary Evaluation for Icteric Neonates." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 2, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp2i4.2019127.
Full textAbstract:
Red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key regulatory enzyme with the major role of meeting the cellular need for reductive biosynthesis and maintenance of redox status. G6PD deficiency is a common inherited enzyme defect associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia that can result in permanent neurologic damage or death. This study was aimed at estimating the level of G6PD activity among icteric neonates to assess its usefulness in the evaluation of icteric neonates in Jos. One hundred and fifty icteric neonates (92 males and 58 females) whose parents consented were consecutively enrolled as they presented at the Special Care Baby Units (SCBU) of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Bingham University Teaching Hospital (BhUTH), and the Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH), Jos. These subjects had their G6PD activity levels assayed using the Pointe Quantitative Diagnostic Kit (USA) while other relevant clinical information was obtained using a questionnaire. G6PD activity of the icteric neonates ranged between 0.54 and 24.18 IU/gHb with a mean of 8.02 ± 4.87 IU/gHb. Sixty-one (40.7 %), comprising 45 males and 16 female neonates were G6PD deficient with mean G6PD activity of 3.79 ± 1.37 IU/gHb while eighty-nine (59.3%) were G6PD normal with a mean G6PD activity of 10.92 ± 4.24 IU/gHb. G6PD activity in icteric neonates in Jos varies widely with a relatively high proportion of these neonates being G6PD deficient. Determination of G6PD activity in icteric neonates should therefore form an important evaluation tool for identification and intervention in those with the deficiency.
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Jeffery, Jinny, Aabha Sharma, and Ruth M. Ayling. "Detection of haemolysis and reporting of potassium results in samples from neonates." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 46, no. 3 (March 4, 2009): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.008241.
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Background In vitro haemolysis is a common occurrence in clinical laboratories and causes a spurious increase in potassium. In the past, haemolysis was sought by visual inspection but is now commonly detected by automated measurement of the haemolytic index (HI). This study compared detection of haemolysis in adult and neonatal samples by inspection and measurement of HI and verified that a single equation is appropriate to correct for the increase in potassium in both haemolysed samples. Methods Laboratory staff inspected samples for haemolysis and their observations were compared with the measured HI. The potassium concentrations and haemolytic indices of 613 adult and 523 neonatal samples were correlated to derive equations to compensate for the increase in potassium with increase in HI. These were found not to differ significantly and a single equation for use in both populations was derived. Results The presence of icterus was found to decrease ability to detect haemolysis on inspection. The mean (95% confidence limits) potassium increase per unit HI was 0.0094 mmol/L (0.0078–0.0103 mmol/L) for adults and 0.0108 mmol/L (0.0094–0.0121 mmol/L) for neonates. The equation developed to compensate for potassium release in haemolysed samples was: adjusted potassium = measured potassium − (HI in μmol/L × 0.01). Conclusion The use of HI rather than visual inspection is particularly recommended in neonates whose serum tends to be icteric. It can be used in the same correction equation as in adults to compensate for potassium released due to haemolysis and facilitate reporting a qualitative comment to assist in immediate clinical management.
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K. C., Gaurav Aiyappa, Ashvij Shriyan, and Bharath Raj. "Cord blood albumin as a predictor of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in healthy neonates." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 2 (February 22, 2017): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20170698.
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Background: Neonatal jaundice or icterus neonatrum has been observed in newborn babies for many centuries. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between cord albumin levels and development of hyperbilirubinemia in term healthy neonates.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 165 term healthy neonates. Gender, gestational age, anthropometric measurements were taken into consideration. It was ascertained that there was no other risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia amongst the neonates. The neonates were divided into two groups A and B based on the cord albumin levels of <2.8 gm/dl and >2.8 gm/dl.Results: Of the 165 babies included in the study, 126 babies were under Group 1 and 39 under Group 2. 44 babies (34%) in group 1 and 28 babies (71.7%) in group 2 (p<0.0005) developed clinical icterus of which 16 in group 1 and 19 in group 2 required phototherapy (p<0.05). 1 baby in group required exchange transfusion. The sensitivity and specificity of cord albumin in detecting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in this study was determined to be 71.8% and 65.1% respectively.Conclusions: Cord albumin levels help to determine and predict the possibility of hyperbilirubinemia among neonates. Hence this can help to identify the at-risk neonates. So, routine determination of cord albumin can be advocated to keep a track on at risk neonates.
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Nicholson, N. A., C. D. Karabus, M. Klein, and P. S. Hartley. "Reduction of Neonatal Blood Eliminates the Error Induced by Oxygen Saturation in the Spectrophotometric Measurement of Carboxyhaemoglobin." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 25, no. 3 (May 1988): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456328802500307.
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Blood carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) is a sensitive index of haemolysis and has been used in assessing the cause of different types of neonatal jaundice. Although the introduction of automated spectrophotometry provides rapid and accurate measurement in adult blood, in neonates oxygenated foetal haemoglobin (HbF) is thought to interfere with COHb measurement. In an attempt to eliminate this problem, the haemoglobin in neonatal blood was reduced with sodium dithionite. Cord blood from 50 infants was measured before and after reduction using an IL-282 co-oximeter; COHb levels fell after reduction. A significant positive correlation was found between apparent COHb% and oxygenation of cord blood. In contrast, no significant correlation was found between these parameters in adult blood where COHb values remained the same or rose slightly after reduction. In 20 healthy non-icteric neonates the mean reduced blood COHb value was not significantly different from the mean COHb value of 23 healthy nonsmoking adults. We suggest that COHb in neonatal blood can be simply and accurately measured by the IL-282 co-oximeter provided that the blood is fully reduced.
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Parikh, Yogesh N., Jay C. Ghetia, and Aarti M. Makawana. "Utility of cord blood albumin as a predictor of significant neonatal jaundice in healthy term newborns." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20185189.
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Background: The aim is to study the association between cord blood albumin level and subsequent development of significant neonatal jaundice (NNJ) in healthy term newborns.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 106 term healthy neonates. Genders, gestational age, mode of delivery were taken into consideration. It was ascertained that there was no other risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia amongst the neonates. The neonates were divided into two groups based on cord blood albumin level of <3.2gm/dl and >3.2gm/dl.Results: Out of the 106 babies included in the study, 44 babies were under group A (<3.2mg/dl) and 62 babies were under group B(>3.2mg/dl). 24 babies (55%) in group A and 16 babies (26%) in group B developed clinical icterus of which 16(66.6%) in group A and 4(25%) in group B required phototherapy. There was no significant difference between the cases who did and who did not develop significant neonatal jaundice with respect to various factor such as type of delivery, gender and meconium stain liquor.Conclusions: Cord albumin levels help to determine and predict the possibility of hyperbilirubinemia among neonates. Hence this can help to identify the at-risk neonates. So routine determination of cord albumin can be advocated to keep a track on at risk neonates.
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Besharat, S., E. Alaee, and Y. Zahedpasha. "Idiopathic Neonatal Haemochromatosis: A Case Report." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 31, no. 3 (September 20, 2011): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v31i3.4966.
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A case of neonatal hemochromatosis is reported in a premature 35-week infant who presented at birth with coffee ground vomiting and gradual appearance of grayish icter and colorless stool. Neonatal hemochromatosis was confirmed by elevated ferritin levels and extrahepatic siderosis detected in liver biopsy. Key words: Neonatal hemochromatosis; Liver biopsy; Serum ferritin DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v31i3.4966 J Nep Paedtr Soc 2011;31(3): 247-248
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Castilho, Taísa Roberta Ramos Nantes de, Marcelli Salete Vargas, Adriana Pinsuti, Marcos Augusto Rocha, and Jose Ricardo D’Bertagnon. "Bilirubin encephalopathy due to Rh incompatibility." Einstein (São Paulo) 9, no. 2 (June 2011): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082011rc2014.
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The authors present the case of a newborn of an Rh-factorsensitized mother, who received early hospital discharge while icteric only to be readmitted at an Emergency Service at five days of age with signs of kernicterus. Despite treatment given, the neonate progressed with a clinical picture of bilirubin encephalopathy. The lack of interaction between the obstetric and neonatal teams, premature hospital discharge, and lack of concern of neonatologists with jaundice in a full-term infant are highlighted as causes of a condition that should have disappeared if there had been adequate prevention.
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Yu, Yingfang, Lizhong Du, An Chen, and Lihua Chen. "Study of Gilbert's Syndrome-Associated UGT1A1 Polymorphism in Jaundiced Neonates of ABO Incompatibility Hemolysis Disease." American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 06 (May 14, 2019): 652–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688816.
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Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess the probable relationship between icter in neonates with ABO incompatibility hemolysis and UGT1A1 gene polymorphism. Study Design There were 65 ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) neonates of full term in the study group and 82 non-ABO HDN neonates of full term in the compared group. We tested the UGT1A1 gene mutation of neonates of ABO HDN and non-ABO HDN. We compared the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia between neonates with and without UGT1A1 mutations in the ABO HDN and non-ABO HDN, to determine the relationship between icter in neonates with ABO HDN and UGT1A1 gene polymorphism. SPSS 13.0 were used to analyze those two groups' data. Results There was statistically significant difference of the serum bilirubin level between the Gly71Arg homozygous and no mutation group in the ABO HDN patients (p < 0.05). When hyperbilirubinemia was defined as serum bilirubin concentration >342 μmol/L, the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia between patients of UGT1A1 and non-UGT1A1 mutations in the ABO HDN group was significantly different (p < 0.05). But in the non-ABO HDN group, no significant difference was found. Conclusion Individuals with Gly71Arg homozygous contributed to their hyperbilirubinemia in ABO HDN patients.
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Nestorova, Anka, and Darina A. Ivanova. "STUDYING THE ATTITUDES OF THE STUDENTS OF SPECIALTY "MIDWIFE" CONCERNING PERFORMING UNIVERSAL NEONATAL HEARING SCREENING." International Conference on Technics, Technologies and Education, ICTTE 2019 (2019): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ictte.2019.03.001.
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Hearing is one of the five human senses and represents the ability to perceive sounds through the hearing system. The presence of normal auditory perception is one of the prerequisites for the emergence and development of speech in children. Conducting neonatal auditory screening is part of the early neonatal screening and incorporates examining infant’s hearing shortly after birth. A screening device is used that emits very low sounds with the help of simultaneous "otoacoustic emissions" from the inner ear of this acoustic stimulation. The latest researches show that in one or two in a thousand births the child has congenital deafness or impaired hearing. Aim: To acquaint midwifery students with the implementation of universal neonatal hearing screening using information from the Trakia Electronic University. Materials and Methods: The conducted survey allows us to study students' attitudes towards the audio screening. Study materials are accessible via the Internet in our e-university. The use of digital and multimedia materials is a way of enhancing the students' professional competence and the effectiveness of the learning process.
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Goel, Keshawati, and Anshuman Srivastava. "Study of clinical spectrum of hyperbilirubinemia with frequency of glucose six phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in neonates." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 1674. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212235.
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Background: Jaundice is defined as visible reflexion of serum hyperbilirubinemia on mucous membranes and skin as yellowish discoloration. The frequency of icterus among neonates is about 1 in 2500-5000 live births. When there is disparity between the production of bilirubin, conversion from unconjugated to conjugated bilirubin and excretion of bilirubin results in jaundice. Unconjugated bilirubin is usually harmless but it can also cross blood-brain barrier causing neurotoxicity or kernicterus.Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study which is carried out in the department of paediatrics of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh from December 2019 to November 2020 on 74 neonates who required admission for hyperbilirubinemia.Results: The most common jaundice occurred in neonates were idiopathic or breastfeeding jaundice as the neonates were breast fed (47.29%). The second most common cause was ABO incompatibility leading to jaundice in 27 (36.48%) neonates. Incidence of neonatal Sepsis, G6PD deficiency, hypothyroidism and cephalhematoma was 22.9%, 4.1%, 2.70% and 4.1% respectively. Polycythemia contributed to 1.35% and the frequency of hyperbilirubinemia in infants of diabetic mother’s or GDM was 10.8%. Rh incompatibility was seen in 13.5%.Conclusions: G6PD deficiency is a significant cause for NNHB and the cases with pathological jaundice if left untreated may lead to severe neurological deficits and lifelong disabilities, hearing impairment, mental retardation, seizures and movement disorders. Hence we recommend G6PD screening in every newborn with significant hyperbilirubinemia to reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Aspberg, Sara, Gisela Dahlquist, Thomas Kahan, and Bengt Källén. "Confirmed association between neonatal phototherapy or neonatal icterus and risk of childhood asthma." Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 21, no. 4p2 (April 27, 2010): e733-e739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01038.x.
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Mladenovic, Marija, Nedeljko Radlovic, Dragana Ristic, Zoran Lekovic, Petar Radlovic, Momcilo Pavlovic, Milan Gajic, Marijana Puskarevic, Ivana Davidovic, and Jelena Djurdjevic. "Arias icterus: Prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia caused by breast milk." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 135, no. 11-12 (2007): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0712655m.
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Introduction Breast milk jaundice occurs in 1-2% of healthy breast-fed newborns and young infants. It develops as the result of liver immaturity and the inhibitory effect of mother?s milk to the clearance of unconjugated bilirubin. Objective The paper analyzes variations in the level and length of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in breast-fed infants. Method The study was conducted on a sample of 29 young infants (19 male) with breast milk jaundice. All infants were born on time, by natural delivery and without complications. All were on breast-feeding only and developed optimally. None of the infants had either haemolysis or any other disease associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Results All infants had physiological jaundice in the first week after birth, with unconjugated bilirubin level of 166-260 ?mol (201.50?36.37 ?mol). In the postneonatal period the highest bilirubin level was recorded in the fifth week of life and was 87-273 ?mol (166.82?45.06 ?mol), which then spontaneously, without interruption of breast-feeding, gradually declined. The decrease of the unconjugated fraction of serum bilirubin between the fourth and fifth week was significant, and after that highly significant. The normalization of serum bilirubin occurred in the seventh and thirteenth week (10.41?1.68 ?mol). Negative consequences of hyperbilirubinemia were not noted in any of the infants. Conclusion Breast milk jaundice presents a harmless and transitory disorder of bilirubin metabolism. It occurs in healthy breast-fed neonates and young infants. Jaundice is most marked in early neonatal period, and then it gradually declines and disappears between the seventh and thirteenth week.
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khodashenas, E., A. khakshour, E. momeni, M. sinaii, and M. mir. "Systemic review of herbal medicine efficacy on neonatal Icterus." Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences 7, no. 3 (January 1, 2016): 683–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jnkums.7.3.683.
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Corrons, Joan-Lluis Vives, Estefania Garcia, Joan J. Tusell, Kottayil I. Varughese, Carol West, and Ernest Beutler. "Red cell adenylate kinase deficiency: molecular study of 3 new mutations (118G>A, 190G>A, and GAC deletion) associated with hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia." Blood 102, no. 1 (July 1, 2003): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-07-2288.
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Abstract We report here 2 patients with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia (CNSHA) and severe red blood cell (RBC) adenylate kinase (AK) deficiency. One of these patients, a boy of Spanish origin, exhibited a neonatal icterus and splenomegaly and required blood transfusions until the age of 2 years. The other patient was a white, American infant born to parents who were first cousins; he also presented with neonatal icterus and anemia. In neither case was psychomotor impairment observed. The first patient was found to be a compound heterozygote for 2 different missense mutations, 118G>A(Gly40Arg) and 190G>A(Gly64Arg) (cDNA sequence first described by Matsuura et al, 1989). The second patient was homozygous for an in-frame deletion (GAC) from nucleotide (nt) 498 to 500 or nt 501 to 503 of the cDNA sequence, predicting deletion of either aspartic acid (Asp) 140 or 141. The crystal structure of porcine cytosolic AK was used as a molecular model to investigate how these mutations may affect enzyme structure and function. (Blood. 2003;102:353-356)
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R., Ramanathan, and Baby Praveena A. "Cord serum bilirubin as a predictor of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term and late preterm neonates." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 5 (August 24, 2018): 1815. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20183512.
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Background: Icterus neonatorum is the most common neonatal illness occurring in the first 7 days of life. It is the most important cause for hospital readmissions during the early neonatal period and also the cause for neonatal morbidity. In this study our main objective is, to find out that whether detecting umbilical cord blood bilirubin levels soon after birth, will help to identify the development of significant jaundice in early neonatal period which requires immediate interventionMethods: This was a prospective observational study carried out among 150 term and preterm babies. Their cord bilirubin level were estimated. Jaundice was determined by using yellowish appearance of eyes, skin and Kramer score. Statistics employed include Chi-square test and receiver operator characteristic curveResults: Study participants enrolled into the study was 150. Cord serum bilirubin was significantly associated with Kramer score and yellowish discoloration of eyes and skin and not significantly associated with sex, mode of delivery, gestational age and birth weight. When cord serum bilirubin was compared against the occurrence of clinical jaundice, sensitivity was found to be 58.33%, specificity was 96.49% positive predictive value was 84% and negative predictive value was 88%. Receiver operator characteristics curve indicated that the area below the curve was 0.842.Conclusions: Cord serum bilirubin can be used as a screening tool to identify the neonatal jaundice in both term and late preterm babies. Present study has shown increased specificity than sensitivity which warrants further exploration.
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Hodgin, E. Clay, David A. Miller, and Fernando Lozano. "Leptospira Abortion in Horses." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 1, no. 4 (October 1989): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063878900100401.
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Leptospira infection was diagnosed as the cause of 4 late-term equine abortions/stillbirths and 1 neonatal death in Louisiana. The most consistent gross and microscopic lesions were icterus and interstitial nephritis, respectively. Diagnoses were based on visualization of compatible spirochetes in Warthin-Starry-stained sections of kidney, liver, and placenta. Confirmation by immunofluorescence was made in 2 cases.
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Najati, N., M. M. Gharebaghi, and F. Mortazavi. "Underlying Etiologies of Prolonged Icterus in Neonates." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 13, no. 14 (July 1, 2010): 711–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2010.711.714.
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M.K., Maharoof, Shamshad Ahmed Khan, Prakash Robert Saldanha, and Reshad Mohamed. "Comparison of light emitting diode and compact fluorescent lamp phototherapy in treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 2 (February 22, 2017): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20170083.
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Background: High levels of total serum bilirubin can cause life threatening complications in neonates requiring management either with phototherapy or exchange blood transfusion. Most commonly used modality of phototherapy is with blue light. There are many bulbs like fluorescent tubes, halogen spotlights etc. Due to disadvantages of the available bulbs, newer method like light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been investigated as possible alternatives as they produce low heat, has a longer life span with lower energy consumption and rapid reduction of serum bilirubin level. The aim was to compare the efficacy between phototherapy equipped with light emitting diode (LED) to compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia among neonates.Methods: A hospital-based intervention study was conducted among 50 neonates born in the hospital during the study period, with gestational age more than equal to 35 weeks, being breastfed and healthy in a private medical college teaching hospital in Dakshina Kannada district from August to September 2016. Following ethical committee clearance the neonates looking icteric by clinical examination were randomly allocated to receive CFL or LED phototherapy. Baseline, 24 hour total serum bilirubin and rectal temperature was measured. Results: A total of 50 neonates were randomly allocated into two groups with almost similar characteristics between the two groups with respect to gender, type of delivery and gestational age. The mean bilirubin values (in mg/dl) among neonates in the CFL group and LED group were 14.8 and 15.6 respectively and post 24 hour values were 11.54 and 10.68 respectively. The mean difference in the reduction in the bilirubin values before and after receiving phototherapy between the two groups were significant (p <0.001). The increase in temperature was lesser among LED treatment group.Conclusions: LED therapy is better than the CFL therapy in terms of mean reduction in the total serum bilirubin after a fixed duration of time and lesser raise in temperature among the neonates.
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Hossain, Mahmud, Momotaj Begum, Shafi Ahmed, and Md Nurul Absar. "Causes, Management and Immediate Complications of Management of Neonatal Jaundice ? A Hospital-Based Study." Journal of Enam Medical College 5, no. 2 (June 29, 2015): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v5i2.23384.
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Background: Jaundice is very common in the neonatal period of life. Although it is not a major cause of mortality, it is an important cause of morbidity. So, assessment of the causes and risk factors of neonatal jaundice is very important.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find out the causes of jaundice, its clinical features, evaluation of the outcome of current management strategy and complications encountered by the participating subjects following treatment.Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Unit of Rangpur Medical College Hospital (RpMCH) during July to December 2006. A total of 100 neonates having jaundice on admission or who developed jaundice following admission were included in the study. A number of investigations were done for the purpose of assessment of neonates and their icteric condition. The test statistics used to analyse the data were descriptive statistics, Chi-square (?2) and correlation tests.Results: In the present study the median age of the jaundiced newborns on admission was 5 days, while the median age of appearance of jaundice was 3.5 days. Most of the newborns exhibited jaundice 24 hours after birth and peaked by 34 days. Majority of the subjects (77%) had pathological jaundice and only 23% had physiological jaundice. This study shows septicemia was in 28% cases followed by asphyxia (20%), prematurity (18%), Rh incompatibility (15%), IUGR (11%) etc. Half of the newborns (51%) had serum bilirubin (indirect) >10 mg/dL. Gestational age and serum bilirubin was found to exhibit a negative correlation. Preterm babies also tend to develop severe to very severe jaundice more than their term counterparts (p<0.001). Birth weight was also found to bear a negative correlation with serum bilirubin. Low birth weight (LBW) babies also had a significantly higher tendency to develop severe to very severe jaundice (p<0.001). Of the 77 patients who were treated, about 64% received phototherapy, 61% received antibiotics and very few (5.2%) received exchange transfusion. Majority of the patients developed some sorts of complications. The predominant complications of phototherapy were irritability (40.8%) followed by skin rashes (26.5%), loose motion (20.4%) and dehydration (16.3%). Very few newborns (4%) had hyperthermia. All four babies who received exchange transfusion suffered from hypovolaemia, one developed hypoglycaemia and one exhibited anaemia.Conclusion: Neonatal jaundice is a leading cause of hospitalisation in the first few weeks of life throughout the world. Though management of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in newborns has undergone changes based on emerging evidences, phototherapy and exchange blood transfusion are still the most commonly used effective modalities for lowering serum bilirubin level.J Enam Med Col 2015; 5(2): 104-109
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El Qadiry, R., A. Ouayad, H. Nassih, A. Bourrahouat, and I. Ait Sab. "Neonatal Cholestasis: A Rare and Unusual Presentation of Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome." Case Reports in Endocrinology 2021 (May 22, 2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6161508.
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Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a very rare entity, and the clinical manifestations are nonspecific. Neonatal cholestasis due to endocrine disorders is rare and poorly recognized. Our case report describes a case of PSIS in a Moroccan infant revealed by isolated neonatal cholestasis, which is an unusual presentation in children. Case report. A 40-day-old girl was admitted to our department for progressive cholestatic jaundice appeared on the third day of life. She was born from a non-consanguineous marriage, and her prenatal and perinatal history went without incident. Physical examination showed icteric skin and sclera, without hepatomegaly. Analysis of pituitary hormones revealed panhypopituitarism. On brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the pituitary stalk was absent, the posterior pituitary was ectopic, and the anterior pituitary was hypoplastic. The patient was diagnosed with interrupted pituitary stalk syndrome. The treatment consisted of hormone replacement with rapid improvement of her clinical condition. Conclusion. Panhypopituitarism, a consequence of PSIS, is a rare cause of neonatal cholestasis. However, pediatricians should keep this syndrome in mind for patients who present with neonatal cholestasis.
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Amirshagha, Abdolahad, Kamyar Ghabili, Mohammadali M. Shoja, and Hossein Kooshavar. "Neonatal Jaundice: Knowledge and Practice of Iranian Mothers with Icteric Newborns." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 1, 2008): 942–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2008.942.945.
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Das, Jagadish C., Md Masudur Rahaman Khan, Jannatul Ferdous, Mohammed Shaheen, and Syeda Humaida Hasan. "Neonatal COVID-19 in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Chattogram: A Case Report." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 44, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v44i3.52712.
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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China in December 2019 and now has led to a global pandemic. The incidence is lower in neonates. A five days old newborn infant got admitted with history of reluctance to feeding and less movement. On admission, the newborn infant was found to be lethargic, icteric, tachypnoeic, afebrile with SPO2 of 90% throughout his hospital stay. Chest x-ray was normal but RT-PCR for COVID-19 was positive. His mother had symptoms of COVID-19 with positive RTPCR. The neonate was isolated and was treated with antibiotics along with supportive care, then improved gradually and was discharged on day 10 of his age. Suspicion about COVID-19 in newborn infants with prompt identification is essential to limit its transmission in the community.
Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :170-173
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Pasha, Zahed Y., Ahmadpour M. Kacho, Akha H. Van Niaky, and R. Farhadi. "284 Comparison of Molecular Mutations of G6Pd Gene Between Icteric and Non Icteric Neonates." Pediatric Research 68 (November 2010): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-201011001-00284.
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Azzuqa, Abeer, and Jon F. Watchko. "Bilirubin Concentrations in Jaundiced Neonates with Conjunctival Icterus." Journal of Pediatrics 167, no. 4 (October 2015): 840–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.06.065.
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Zeltser, M. Ye, T. K. Chuvakova, N. N. Mezinova, R. B. Bazarbekova, N. N. Kobzar, A. A. Nurbekova, A. A. Akyshbayev, A. K. Kurmanova, K. B. Zhubanysheva, and G. G. Kiam. "Specific features of adaptation of the newborns born of mothers with endemic goiter." Problems of Endocrinology 40, no. 5 (December 15, 1994): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl12160.
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Relationships between chronic iodine deficiency and, among other things, endemic goiter in women and adaptation of their babies in the early neonatal period were studied. A total of 125 women with endemic goiter of the Ist-IInd degrees and their newborns were examined. The diagnosis of endemic goiter was verified by the findings of an objective examination, ultrasonic examination, and puncture biopsy of the thyroid. Blood levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxin were measured in the women on days 3-4 postpartum. In the newborns Apgar score, body mass and length at birth, degree of maturity, physiologic body mass loss, duration of the icteric syndrome, time of umbilical cord drop off, and immunity status from the data of NBT test were assessed. Forty-five women without goiter and their newborns were controls. Postpartum measurements of triiodothyronine and thyroxin levels in the blood of patients with endemic goiter brought the authors to a conclusion that subclinical hypothyrosis was characteristic of them. Adaptation processes in the early neonatal period were found disordered in the newborns of mothers with endemic goiter. This manifested by a higher, vs. controls, incidence of asphyxia, hypotrophy, signs of the CNS involvement, and respiratory distress syndrome. Initial body mass recovery, disappearance of the icteric syndrome, umbilical cord loss were delayed in these newborns in comparison with the controls, and statistically reliable deviations in their immune status were revealed.
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Dahmarde, Hamid, Fateme Parooie, and Morteza Salarzaei. "Accuracy of Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Pneumothorax: A Comparison between Neonates and Adults—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2019 (December 19, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5271982.
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Objective. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of pneumothorax in neonates and adults. Method. The searches were conducted by two independent researchers (MS and HD) to find the relevant studies published from 01/01/2009 until the end of 01/01/2019. We searched for published literature in the English language in MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase™ via ovid, the Cochrane Library, and Trip database. For literature published in other languages, we searched national databases (Magiran and SID), KoreaMed, and LILACS, and we searched OpenGrey (http://www.opengrey.eu/) and the World Health Organization Clinical Trials Registry (http://who.int/ictrp) for unpublished literature and ongoing studies. The keywords used in the search strategy were pneumothorax or ultrasound or chest ultrasonography or neonate or adult or aerothorax or sensitivity or specificity or diagnostic accuracy. The list of previous study resources and systematic reviews was also searched for identifying the published studies (MS and HD). Analyses were performed using Meta-Disc 1.4. Results. In total, 1,565 patients (255 neonates, 1212 adults, and 101 pediatrics suspected of pneumothorax) were investigated in 10 studies. The overall specificity of chest ultrasound in the diagnosis of pneumothorax in both populations of adults and neonates was 85.1% at the confidence interval of 95 percent (95% CI 81.1%–88.5%). At the confidence interval of 95 percent, the sensitivity was 98.6% (95% CI 97.7%–99.2%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 387.72 (95% CI 76.204–1972.7). For the diagnosis of pneumothorax in neonates, the ultrasound sensitivity was 96.7% at the confidence interval of 95 percent (95% CI 88.3%–99.6%). At the confidence interval of 95 percent, the specificity was 100% (95% CI 97.7%–100%). For the diagnosis of pneumothorax in adults, the ultrasound sensitivity was 82.9% at the confidence interval of 95 percent (95% CI 78.3–86.9%). At the confidence interval of 95 percent, the specificity was 98.2% (95% CI 97.0%–99.0%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 423.13 (95% CI 45.222–3959.1). Analyzing studies indicated that the sensitivity of “absence lung sliding” sign for the diagnosis of pneumothorax was 87.2% (95% CI 77.7–93.7), and specificity was 99.4% (95% CI 96.5%–100%). DOR was 556.74 (95% CI 100.03–3098.7). The sensitivity of “lung point” sign for the diagnosis of pneumothorax was 82.1% (95% CI 71.7%–89.8%), and the specificity was 100% (at the confidence interval of 95% CI 97.6%–100%). DOR was 298.0 (95% CI 58.893–1507.8). Conclusion. The diagnosis of pneumothorax using ultrasound is accurate and reliable; additionally, it can result in timely diagnoses specifically in neonatal pneumothorax. Using this method facilitates the therapy process; lack of ionizing radiation and easy operation are benefits of this imaging technique.
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DIMA, Vlad, Andreea CALOMFIRESCU-AVRAMESCU, Ana Maria Alexandra STĂNESCU, and Anca A. SIMIONESCU. "History of the Rhesus factor and of neonatal jaundice." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 16, S4 (August 15, 2021): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2021.s4.2.
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The history of icterus and neonatal jaundice has been recorded since the 17th century, when a French midwife first described jaundice (jaune) in twins. In 1940, Alexander Wiener and Karl Landsteiner discovered the Rh blood group, and they investigated the isoimmunization via antigen transfer across the placenta from the fetus. Other blood group systems implicated in isoimmunization were discovered between 1901 and 1965. Between 1940-1960, many studies have focused on the etiology of hemolytic disease of the newborn, on incompatibility in the Rh system, cholestasis, metabolic diseases, inhibitors of breast milk, and the association between prematurity and jaun-dice or extremely nuclear jaundice. It is the merit of AW Liley, in 1963, who described the diagram of the same name based on the level of bilirubin in the amniotic fluid and who performed the first fetal transfusions for fetal anemia. Last decades, non-invasive methods of diagnosis and treatment were described.
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Snoeck, F., T. Rijsselaere, and A. Van Soom. "Neonatale iso-erytrolyse bij de kat." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 82, no. 6 (December 28, 2013): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v82i6.16680.
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Neonatale iso-erytrolyse bij kittens kan enkel voorkomen wanneer de moederpoes bloedgroep B en de kater bloedgroep A of AB heeft. De eerste 24 uur na de geboorte is de darmbarrière bij een kitten open, waardoor na het zuigen antistoffen uit het colostrum in de bloedbaan kunnen opgenomen worden. Een kitten met bloedgroep A neemt anti-A-antistoffen op, waardoor zijn eigen erytrocyten vernietigd worden. Bij symptomen, zoals anemie, hemoglobinurie en icterus, is een bloedtransfusie vaak noodzakelijk. Toch blijft het sterftepercentage heel hoog en is preventie uitermate belangrijk. Daarom dient de bloedgroep van risicorassen steeds vóór het fokken te worden bepaald. Het is af te raden om te fokken met een moederpoes met bloedgroep B en een kater met bloedgroep A of AB. Indien dit wel gebeurt, dient men de kittens 24 uur weg te halen bij de moederpoes, ze te voeden met kunstmelk en subcutaan of oraal serum van een goed geïmmuniseerde poes met bloedgroep A toe te dienen.
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Maiti, G. D., Arup Ratan Pal, Tony Jose, and Monica Saraswat. "Pregnancy outcome in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: an observational case control study." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 3830. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20203865.
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Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (IHCP) is the most common cholestatic liver disease, which may impact the foeto-maternal health. The present study is conducted to determine various factors including maternal and neonatal outcome in IHCP comparing with the controls.Methods: In this prospective case control study, pregnancy with IHCP is compared with asymptomatic non-IHCP controls. Classical pruritus, icterus, elevated liver enzymes were considered in diagnostic criteria of IHCP. Dermatological lesion, acute or chronic liver disease, and other causes of pruritus were excluded from study.Results: Out of 100 patients, 50 cases and 50 controls were included in this study. Incidence of IHCP was seen 3.914% of which 66% were primi presented maximum at 31-33 weeks. 86% of IHCP responded to medication. Mean value of ALT, AST and ALP was found significantly raised (p value-<0.001) in IHCP patients. 66% in IHCP and 64% in non-IHCP group had normal delivery and remaining 34% and 36 % had caesarean delivery respectively. There was no significant increase in foetal distress or low Apgar (<7 at 5 min) at birth or adverse neonatal or maternal outcome in IHCP group. However, there was a statistically high meconium stained liquor (MSL), neonatal jaundice, IUGR and NICU admission were noted in the IHCP group in comparison to non-IHCP group.Conclusions: There is a significant incidence of IHCP in the obstetrical population. The biochemical changes, meconium stained liquor, neonatal jaundice, IUGR and NICU admission were significantly high in IHCP in pregnancy.
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Sarker, Mst Mukta, ASM Bazlul Karim, and Soma Halder. "Evaluation of Visual Examination of Stool as A Screening Test for Infant with Prolonged Neonatal Cholestasis Namely Biliary Atresia." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 39, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v39i1.50451.
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Introduction: Neonatal cholestasis is a hepatobiliay disease characterized by biliary obstruction in the neonatal period. Biochemically it is evidenced by prolonged elevation of serum conjugated bilirubin beyond the first 14 days of life.1 Most common causes are biliary atresia and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis.3, 4
Objective: To evaluate stool color as a screening test by visual inspection in infants with prolonged neonatal cholestasis.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional analytic study, conducted in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department,BSMMU, Dhaka, from 3 September 2012 to 3 February 2013 about 6 month duration. Statistically calculated 38 infants with prolonged neonatal direct hyperbilirubinaemia beyond their 14 days of age were included in this study.
Results: The mean age of the subjects was 62.3 days with a standard deviation (SD) ±13.7 days. Male to female ratio was 1.2:1. All (100%) the subjects were icteric and hepatomegaly was found in 94.7% subjects. Dark urine (84.2%), pale stool (78.5%), bleeding manifestations (31.8%) and infection (29%) were also observed. Thirty (78.5%) subjects had pale colored stool. Mean (± SD) albumin and conjugated bilirubin levels were 3.68 (±1.88)gm/dl and 5.29 (±1.31)mg/dl respectively. ALT and GGT level of the study subjects were 346.19±124.28 u/dl and 315±198.91 u/l respectively. Common ultrasonographic findings of the patients were non visualization of gallbladder 60.5%, non-visualization of common bileduct 50%, hepatomegaly 92.1%, and triangular cord sign in portahepatis 7.9%. Scintigraphy revealed impaired excretion into intestine 88.9% in majority of the subjects. Liver biopsy revealed liver architecture was preseved 65.8% bile duct proliferation 52.6%, regenarating nodule was absent 65.8% gaint cell was present 52.6% portal tract inflammation was found in 47.4%. Sensitivity of stool color in the diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis was found 90.6%, specificity 83.3%, accuracy 89.5%, positive predictive value 96.7% and negative predictive value 62.5%.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that stool color might be reliable indicator for screening of prolonged neonatal cholestasis namely biliary atresia.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(1): 46-52
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Lo, Stanley F., Bernadine Jendrzejczak, and Basil T. Doumas. "Total or Neonatal Bilirubin Assays in the Vitros 5,1 FS: Hemoglobin Interference, Hemolysis, Icterus Index." Clinical Chemistry 53, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 799–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.082586.
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Faulhaber, Fabrízia Rennó Sodero, Gustavo Adolpho Moreira Faulhaber, Natália Aydos Marcondes, Renato Soibelmann Procianoy, and Rita C. Silveira. "Expression of neutrophil surface markers in icteric neonates before and after phototherapy." Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry 94, no. 6 (October 8, 2018): 895–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.21734.
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Sonne, Luciana, Djeison Lutier Raymundo, Bianca Santana De Cecco, Adriana Da Silva Santos, Caroline Argenta Pescador, Eduardo Conceição De Oliveira, and David Driemeier. "Kernicterus in an Adult Dog." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (January 9, 2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.85116.
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Background: Kernicterus or bilirubin encephalopathy is a condition rarely observed in animal characterized by a yellowish discoloration of the central nervous system. It is a potentially fatal condition due to bilirubin neurotoxic effects caused by the increase of non-conjugated bilirubin pigment, which passes blood brain barrier and has been attributed to an imbalance between albumin and bilirubin levels. Intracellular bilirubin is toxic for cells and can cause decrease in protein synthesis, specially albumin, depression of cell respiration and cellular death. This paper describes kernicterus in a 2-year-old Great Dane female dog.Case: Clinically, the animal showed apathy, lethargy, weight loss and jaundice, which progressed to vomiting and neurological signs characterized by loss of consciousness and eventually coma. Blood parameters were within normal range, except for high levels of alanine aminotransferase (523 U/L), suggesting a liver lesion. The animal was submitted to euthanasia due to the poor prognosis, and at post-mortem examination it showed dehydration and severe jaundice, especially oral, vaginal and ocular mucosas, subcutaneous tissue and blood vessels intima surface. The liver had an accentuated lobular pattern, and the stomach mucosa was reddened. Multiple petechiae were observed in the epicardium, as well as icterus in the blood vessels of the heart. Furthermore, the brain and cerebellum cortex, thalamic region and nuclei region of brainstemshowed extensive icteric areas. Microscopically, the liver presented a mononuclear portal hepatitis, centrilobular necrosis and presence of yellowish pigments. The brain had neuronal necrosis, mild vacuolization of the white matter, perineuronal edema and Alzheimer type II astrocytes, while cerebellum showed Purkinje cells necrosis. Hepatic cooper measurement was within range values, and direct imunofluorescence for the detection of Leptospira sp. was negative.Discussion: Kernicterus pathogenesis has been extensively studied, as the condition is commonly seen in neonatal humans. Diagnosis is based on gross and microscopic lesions in brain, which are consistent with bilirubin encephalopathy caused by the necrosis and degeneration of neurons. This condition is related to cases of intense hyperbilirubinemia, which exceedsthe albumin binding capacity and, therefore, the excess of unconjugated bilirubin that can pass through the blood brain barrier. Liver disease causes deficient production of protein, especially albumin, decreasing the potential binding capacity to bilirubin, and consequently causing hyperbilirubinemia. In this case, the previously detected hepatic lesion suggested by liver enzymes increased, probably led to protein production dysfunction, causing hypoalbuminemia and hyperbilirubinemia. Unfortunately, albumin and bilirubin seric levels could not be measured. Decrease in albumin production along with the excess of unconjugated bilirubin caused the jaundice, and in cases like this one described, the blood brain barrieris compromised and the kernicterus occurs. Unconjugated bilirubin has negative effect in the glutamate uptake causing extracellular accumulation of it, which is consequently neurotoxic, causing necrosis and degeneration leading to a characteristic encephalopathy in animals with kernicterus. In this report, it was not possible to determine the primary hepatic disease, however this caused clinical neurotoxic disease, known as bilirubin encephalopathy.Keywords: kernicterus, icterus, dog.
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Atimati, Anthony Oyovwikigho, and Paul Ikhurionan. "A suspected case of Progressive Familial Intra-hepatic Cholestasis in a Six-Year-Old Nigerian Child." Annals of Health Research 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0501-14-44.
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Progressive Familial Intra-hepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) is a group of heterogeneous, autosomal recessive disorders characterized by cholestasis, jaundice and mutilating pruritus, mostly in infancy. The incidence of PFIC ranges from 1:50,000 to 1:100,000. There are three subtypes; Types 1 and 2 typically present in the neonatal period and early infancy while Type 3 can present in early infancy, childhood or adolescence. This report is about a 6-year old Nigerian girl who presented with jaundice and severe pruritus of one-month duration and abdominal pain of a week duration. The symptoms were preceded by ingestion of Atropine meant for ocular examination two days earlier. She was well-nourished, deeply icteric, had generalized healing scratch marks and hepatomegaly. The laboratory findings included conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, moderately elevated liver transaminases and Gamma-Glutamyltransferase enzymes. She was managed for PFIC3 using oral ursodeoxycholic acid with complete resolution of the disease.
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., Imani Mahmood, H. T. Mohammad Taghi ., and Mohammadi Mehdi . "Transcutaneous Bilirubinometery Compared with Serum Level of Bilirubin in Icteric Neonates in Zahedan." Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 4 (September 15, 2005): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jms.2005.239.242.
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Boskabadi, Hassan, Maryam Kalate Molaei, and Maryam Zakerihamidi. "Effect of phototherapy on pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in newborns with Jaundice." Biomedical Research and Therapy 5, no. 7 (July 27, 2018): 2432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v5i7.455.
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Introduction: Jaundice is the most common condition requiring medical attention in newborns. Phototherapy is the standard treatment for jaundice. However, in recent decades, phototherapy has been considered as an oxidative stress that can cause lipid peroxidation and damage to DNA. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to examine the possible effects of phototherapy on the Pro-oxidant/Antioxidant Balance (PAB) in jaundiced newborns.
Methods: The present clinical trial was conducted on 70 icteric term neonates admitted to Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad, Iran between February 2013 and February 2015. The study population consisted of all term neonates who were admitted to the hospital within 2 to 14 days after birth for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin levels > 15 mg/dl) and were treated with phototherapy. Neonates’ and mothers’ characteristics, along with the cause of jaundice, were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire, and neonates’ bilirubin levels and PAB values were simultaneously checked before, during and after the phototherapy. Finally, bilirubin levels and PAB values were compared using statistical methods.
Results: According to the results, neonates’ underlying characteristics were not statistically different. The average and standard deviation of bilirubin levels and PAB values were, respectively, 18.90±2.97 and 16.29±9.83 (before phototherapy), 15.71±3.16 and 29.63±12.56 (during phototherapy), and 12.37 ±3.57 and 40.91 ±13.35 (after phototherapy).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that decreased levels of bilirubin after phototherapy cause a shift in the PAB value in favor of oxidants.
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Nguyen, Liem Thanh. "ID3020 Stem cell transplantation for incurable diseases in children." Biomedical Research and Therapy 4, S (September 5, 2017): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v4is.241.
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Background: Stem cell transplantation has been widely performed to treat many different diseases in adults. However, its indication is still limited in children. Since 2014, we have been doing stem cell transplantation for various incurable diseases in children. The aim of our report is to evaluate safety and efficacy of stem cell transplantation for incurable diseases in children.
Results
From 2014-2017, stem cell transplantation has been performed for different conditions including :
Cerebral palsy due to oxygen deprivation, cerebral palsy related to neonatal icterus , Cerebral palsy after meningitis/encephalitis , cerebral palsy after brain trauma ,
Brain damage due to drowning
Autism
Liver cirrhosis due to biliary atresia
Bowel and urinary dysfunction after meningocele repair
Brongchopulmonary dysplasia
Intestinal neural dysplasia
There were no death related to stem cell transplantation. No severe side effects occurred. Early outcomes are promising.
Conclusion : Stem cell transplantation is safe and effectiveness in treatment of different incurable diseases in children
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Terui, Keita, Yasuyuki Higashimoto, Eriko Saito, Takeshi Saito, Tetsuya Mitsuanga, Mitsuyuki Nakata, Jun Iwai, and Hideo Yoshida. "Diagnosis of biliary atresia can not be excluded by declining trend of serum direct bilirubin." Pediatric Reports 5, no. 4 (November 18, 2013): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/pr.2013.e17.
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The aim of this paper is to investigate the clinical courses of patients with biliary atresia (BA) during neonatal period. We examined 19 patients with BA, who underwent blood tests including direct bilirubin (D-Bil) within 20 days of age, in 3 tertiary hospitals in Japan. The first blood sample was collected at 8.4±6.5 days of age. The acholic stool was observed within 2 weeks of age in 16 cases (84.2%). Decrease of T-Bil was observed in all the subjects, with a range of reduction of 6.5±3.3 mg/dL, from 10.4±7.5 to 29.8±9.1 days of age. Decrease of D-Bil was also observed in 17 out of 19 cases (89%), with a range of reduction of 1.1±1.0 mg/dL, from 15.5±8.0 to 24.9±9.6 days of age. A significant decrease of D-Bil was observed in 2 cases of biliary atresia splenic malformation syndrome. We therefore conclude that clinicians treating icteric infants should not exclude a diagnosis of BA even if the level of D-Bil has a declining tendency.
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Kheirkhah, Davood, and Mohammad Sharif. "The effect of intravenous fluid therapy in icteric neonates during phototherapy: A randomized clinical trial." Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science 5, no. 2 (2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jrmds.2017529.
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Jatau, EzraDanjuma, JulieOchaka Egesie, BoseO Toma, ObadiahDapus Damulak, Zakari Ayuba, and Jasini James. "ABO and Rh blood group incompatibility among icteric neonates and their mothers in Jos, Nigeria." Annals of Tropical Pathology 11, no. 1 (2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_25_19.
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Samsuri, Muhammad Taadi, Kholifah Kholifah, Tuti Sukini, and Tulus Puji Astuti. "Midwife’s Knowledge and Attitude in Kangaroo Mother Care To Premature Neonatal in the Public Health Centre in Batang." Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 13, no. 3 (April 2, 2018): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v13i3.9644.
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One of indicators in the successful health affair in a country is the number of infant mortality rate. Causes of mortality among others are respiratory disorders 37%, prematurity 34%, sepsis12%, hypothermia7%, post mature 3% and congenital defect 1% and blood defect or icterus 6%. Infant mortality due to hypothermia can be prevented by practical method as an alternative to incubator namely Kangaroo Care Method. The implementation of Kangaroo Care Method must be monitored and evaluated by health care provider especially the midwife. This research was conducted in 2015.The purpose of this research was to find out the correlation between midwives’ knowledge and their attitude in implementing Kangaroo Method to premature infant.This research was observasional with design cross sectional approach. The number of population was 65 midwives and as a sample 49 midwives. The data were collected by means of questionnaire. Data analyses used bivariate Spearman rho test. The result of the research showed that 32 midwives (65.3%) had good knowledge and most of 27 midwives (55.1%) had positive attitude. It was obtained from Spearman rho test ρ value 0.001 and correlative coefficient (r) 0.696. The conclusion, there was any close correlation between knowledge and attitude of midwives in kangaroo care method.
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Quintero-Ortíz, María Andrea, Carlos Fernando Grillo-Ardila, and Jairo Amaya-Guio. "Expectant Versus Interventionist Care in the Management of Severe Preeclampsia Remote from Term: A Systematic Review." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 43, no. 08 (August 2021): 627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1733999.
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Abstract Objective To compare the effects of expectant versus interventionist care in the management of pregnant women with severe preeclampsia remote from term. Data sources An electronic search was conducted in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS, for its Spanish acronym), World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO-ICTRP), and OpenGrey databases. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO, for its French acronym), Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG), American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), and Colombian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (CJOG) websites were searched for conference proceedings, without language restrictions, up to March 25, 2020. Selection of studies Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and non-randomized controlled studies (NRSs) were included. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence. Data collection Studies were independently assessed for inclusion criteria, data extraction, and risk of bias. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Data synthesis Four RCTs and six NRS were included. Low-quality evidence from the RCTs showed that expectant care may result in a lower incidence of appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) scores < 7 at 5 minutes (risk ratio [RR]: 0.48; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.23%to 0.99) and a higher average birth weight (mean difference [MD]: 254.7 g; 95%CI: 98.5 g to 410.9 g). Very low quality evidence from the NRSs suggested that expectant care might decrease the rates of neonatal death (RR: 0.42; 95%CI 0.22 to 0.80), hyaline membrane disease (RR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.40 to 0.87), and admission to neonatal care (RR: 0.73; 95%CI: 0.54 to 0.99). No maternal or fetal differences were found for other perinatal outcomes. Conclusion Compared with interventionist management, expectant care may improve neonatal outcomes without increasing maternal morbidity and mortality.