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Güney, Zafer. "A Sample Design in Programming with Four-Component Instructional Design (4C/ID) Model." Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology 7, no. 4 (2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17220/mojet.2019.04.001.
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Kao, W. Y., and S. T. Case. "A novel giant secretion polypeptide in Chironomus salivary glands: implications for another Balbiani ring gene." Journal of Cell Biology 101, no. 3 (1985): 1044–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.101.3.1044.
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Chironomus salivary glands contain a family of high Mr (approximately 1,000 X 10(3)) secretion polypeptides thought to consist of three components: sp-Ia, sp-Ib, and sp-Ic. The use of a new extraction protocol revealed a novel high Mr component, sp-Id. Results of a survey of individual salivary glands indicated that sp-Id was widespread in more than a dozen strains of C. tentans and C. pallidivittatus. Sp-Id was phosphorylated at Ser residues, and a comparison of cyanogen bromide and tryptic peptide maps of 32P-labeled polypeptides suggested that sp-Ia, sp-Ib, and sp-Id are comprised of similar but nonidentical tandemly repeated amino acid sequences. We concluded that sp-Id is encoded by an mRNA whose size and nucleotide sequence organization are similar to Balbiani ring (BR) mRNAs that code for the other sp-I components. Furthermore, parallel repression of sp-Ib and sp-Id synthesis by galactose led us to hypothesize that both of their genes exist within Balbiani ring 2.
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Jobson, Laura, Alexandra Stanbury, and Peter E. Langdon. "The Self- and Other-Deception Questionnaires-Intellectual Disabilities (SDQ-ID and ODQ-ID): Component analysis and reliability." Research in Developmental Disabilities 34, no. 10 (2013): 3576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.07.004.
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Boulton, Natalie Elizabeth, Jonathan Williams, and Robert S. P. Jones. "Intellectual disabilities and ACT: feasibility of a photography-based values intervention." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 12, no. 1 (2018): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-07-2017-0028.
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Purpose There is limited evidence regarding clinical effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Previous research has highlighted challenges regarding adaptation of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for people with ID. Central to ACT is a focus on living in congruence with individual core values. The concept of values is abstract and difficult for people with a limited verbal understanding to comprehend, and yet this approach holds much promise for people with ID. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The current study outlines the adaptations undertaken to facilitate making the concept of values more accessible to people with ID. It also explores the feasibility of the adapted approach to the values component. Findings This trial has shown that it is possible to isolate a single component of ACT and adapt it for use with people with ID. The findings highlight the potential feasibility of a value-based approach for people with ID augmented through the use of participant-produced photography to enhance conceptual understanding of the values component of ACT. Research limitations/implications Findings were reliant on self-report data, which may result in inaccurate reporting and may be influenced by social demands. Given the diverse and unique presentations of people with ID, the inclusion and exclusion criteria limits the extent to which the current findings may be generalised to people with ID more widely. Practical implications Participant-produced photography may be directly applied to clinical practice, with implied benefits of improving access to, and meaningful engagement with psychological therapies for people with ID. Development of (and ability to articulate) a readily available and easily accessible values system, during times of adversity, represents a key implication arising from the current trial. Originality/value The current study shows that people with intellectual disability can be helped to appreciate abstract concepts such as personal core values. It also shows the potential to work through the medium of personal photography to explore the feasibility of the adapted approach to the values component – potentially a logical preliminary step towards an ACT-ID evidence base. To the authors’ knowledge, this novel approach is the first of its kind in the ID literature.
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Jimbo, Ryo, Julia Fernandez-Rodriguez, Young-Taeg Sul, and Carina B. Johansson. "Principal Component Analysis: A Novel Analysis to Evaluate the Characteristics of Osseointegration of Different Implant Surfaces." Implant Dentistry 20, no. 5 (2011): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/id.0b013e31822b9c39.
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Rychlik, Tomasz, and Magdalena Szymkowiak. "Bounds on the Lifetime Expectations of Series Systems with IFR Component Lifetimes." Entropy 23, no. 4 (2021): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23040385.
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We consider series systems built of components which have independent identically distributed (iid) lifetimes with an increasing failure rate (IFR). We determine sharp upper bounds for the expectations of the system lifetimes expressed in terms of the mean, and various scale units based on absolute central moments of component lifetimes. We further establish analogous bounds under a more stringent assumption that the component lifetimes have an increasing density (ID) function. We also indicate the relationship between the IFR property of the components and the generalized cumulative residual entropy of the series system lifetime.
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Webb, Zillah, Karen Dodd, Alexandra Livesey, et al. "Developing and evaluating the validity of the behavioural assessment of dysexecutive functioning – intellectual disabilities adaptation (BADS-ID)." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 14, no. 6 (2020): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-12-2019-0043.
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Purpose Assessment of executive functioning is an important element of a comprehensive assessment of intellectual abilities. Few assessments available are accessible for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and none have population-specific norms. This paper aims to describe the adaptation of the behavioural assessment of dysexecutive syndrome (BADS). Design/methodology/approach Adaptations were made to the BADS tests to create the BADS – intellectual disabilities (BADS-ID). Data from three doctoral dissertations were combined to explore the utility, reliability, validity and component structure of the BADS-ID. Properties of the BADS-ID were compared with the Cambridge Executive Functioning Assessment (CEFA). Findings The BADS-ID is accessible to IQ range 50–70 and has a two-component structure. It has good inter-rater reliability, but poor internal consistency. It has a good face and content validity but evidence for concurrent and discriminative validity is weak. All properties are comparable to or better than the CEFA. Research limitations/implications Further research is needed to improve reliability and validity. The development of an accessible test battery with known reliability and validity for individuals with ID should facilitate research into executive functioning in this population. There is the potential to develop population-specific norms from the data. Practical implications An accessible test battery for individuals with ID is helpful in clinical situations. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore the adaptation of the BADS for use with individuals with ID.
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Papazoglou, Aimilia, Lisa A. Jacobson, Marie McCabe, Walter Kaufmann, and T. Andrew Zabel. "To ID or Not to ID? Changes in Classification Rates of Intellectual Disability Using DSM-5." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 52, no. 3 (2014): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-52.3.165.
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Abstract The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability (ID) include a change to the definition of adaptive impairment. New criteria require impairment in one adaptive domain rather than two or more skill areas. The authors examined the diagnostic implications of using a popular adaptive skill inventory, the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System–Second Edition, with 884 clinically referred children (ages 6–16). One hundred sixty-six children met DSM-IV-TR criteria for ID; significantly fewer (n = 151, p = .001) met ID criteria under DSM-5 (9% decrease). Implementation of DSM-5 criteria for ID may substantively change the rate of ID diagnosis. These findings highlight the need for a combination of psychometric assessment and clinical judgment when implementing the adaptive deficits component of the DSM-5 criteria for ID diagnosis.
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Österborg, Anders, Qing Yi, Lotta Henriksson, et al. "Idiotype Immunization Combined With Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Myeloma Patients Induced Type I, Major Histocompatibility Complex–Restricted, CD8- and CD4-Specific T-Cell Responses." Blood 91, no. 7 (1998): 2459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v91.7.2459.
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Abstract Idiotypic structures expressed on the myeloma Ig protein might be regarded as a tumor-specific antigen. Five patients with IgG myeloma were immunized with the purified serum M-component by repeated intradermal injections together with soluble granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). All patients developed an idiotype (Id)-specific T-cell immunity, defined as blood T cells predominantly secreting interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) (type I cells). Id-specific DNA synthesis was induced in one patient. Delayed-type hypersensitivity against the Id was not evoked. The specific IFN-γ/IL-2 T-cell response was inhibited (46% to 100%) by a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I monoclonal antibody (MoAb) in all five patients. A 5% to 37% inhibition by an MHC class II MoAb was seen in four patients. CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells enriched by magnetic microbeads contained Id-specific cells. The T cells recognized peptides corresponding to the complementarity-determining regions 1, 2, and 3 of the heavy chain of the Id. There was a transient rise of B cells producing IgM anti-idiotypic antibodies in all patients. The results indicate that immunization of myeloma patients using the autologous M-component and soluble GM-CSF may evoke an Id-specific predominantly MHC class I–restricted type I T-cell response.
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Österborg, Anders, Qing Yi, Lotta Henriksson, et al. "Idiotype Immunization Combined With Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Myeloma Patients Induced Type I, Major Histocompatibility Complex–Restricted, CD8- and CD4-Specific T-Cell Responses." Blood 91, no. 7 (1998): 2459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v91.7.2459.2459_2459_2466.
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Idiotypic structures expressed on the myeloma Ig protein might be regarded as a tumor-specific antigen. Five patients with IgG myeloma were immunized with the purified serum M-component by repeated intradermal injections together with soluble granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). All patients developed an idiotype (Id)-specific T-cell immunity, defined as blood T cells predominantly secreting interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) (type I cells). Id-specific DNA synthesis was induced in one patient. Delayed-type hypersensitivity against the Id was not evoked. The specific IFN-γ/IL-2 T-cell response was inhibited (46% to 100%) by a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I monoclonal antibody (MoAb) in all five patients. A 5% to 37% inhibition by an MHC class II MoAb was seen in four patients. CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells enriched by magnetic microbeads contained Id-specific cells. The T cells recognized peptides corresponding to the complementarity-determining regions 1, 2, and 3 of the heavy chain of the Id. There was a transient rise of B cells producing IgM anti-idiotypic antibodies in all patients. The results indicate that immunization of myeloma patients using the autologous M-component and soluble GM-CSF may evoke an Id-specific predominantly MHC class I–restricted type I T-cell response.
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Schroen, Blanche, Joost J. Leenders, Arie van Erk, et al. "Lysosomal integral membrane protein 2 is a novel component of the cardiac intercalated disc and vital for load-induced cardiac myocyte hypertrophy." Journal of Experimental Medicine 204, no. 5 (2007): 1227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070145.
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The intercalated disc (ID) of cardiac myocytes is emerging as a crucial structure in the heart. Loss of ID proteins like N-cadherin causes lethal cardiac abnormalities, and mutations in ID proteins cause human cardiomyopathy. A comprehensive screen for novel mechanisms in failing hearts demonstrated that expression of the lysosomal integral membrane protein 2 (LIMP-2) is increased in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in both rat and human myocardium. Complete loss of LIMP-2 in genetically engineered mice did not affect cardiac development; however, these LIMP-2 null mice failed to mount a hypertrophic response to increased blood pressure but developed cardiomyopathy. Disturbed cadherin localization in these hearts suggested that LIMP-2 has important functions outside lysosomes. Indeed, we also find LIMP-2 in the ID, where it associates with cadherin. RNAi-mediated knockdown of LIMP-2 decreases the binding of phosphorylated β-catenin to cadherin, whereas overexpression of LIMP-2 has the opposite effect. Collectively, our data show that LIMP-2 is crucial to mount the adaptive hypertrophic response to cardiac loading. We demonstrate a novel role for LIMP-2 as an important mediator of the ID.
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Shpakodraev, K. M., S. I. Zherebtsov, Z. R. Ismagilov, and Z. R. Ismagilov. "EXTRACTION AND COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF BITUMOYS FROM SOL-ID FOSSIL FUELS (REVIEW)." Vestnik of Kuzbass State Technical University 18, no. 1 (2018): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26730/1999-4125-2018-1-169-179.
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Güney, Zafer. "Four-Component Instructional Design (4C/ID) Model Approach for Teaching Programming Skills." International Journal of Progressive Education 15, no. 4 (2019): 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2019.203.11.
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Mao, Jian Guo, and Han Quan Wang. "Development on an Acquisition and Analysis System for Indicator Diagram of Piston Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.268.
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An acquisition and analysis system for indicator diagram (ID) of piston engine is developed for monitoring the cylinder pressure in engine development. The hardware component of the data acquisition system is introduced. The method of the determination of the TDC, the method of filtering the interference signal of ID and the method of implementation with Visual C++ are presented. The system can provide ID online through the experiment on Honda 125 engine. It can directly and conveniently display the information about combustion. Therefore it has a high potential value in engineering applications.
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Nikishina, VB, OF Prirodova, EA Petrash, and IA Sevrukova. "Oculomotor response to images in primary school children with mild intellectual disability." Features of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection in a pandemic, no. 2021(1) (February 2021): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2021.008.
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Oculomotor activity (eye movements) is an essential component of visual data acquisition, analysis and use. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of oculomotor response to static images in primary school children with mild intellectual disability (ID). Our sample included a total of 49 schoolers (23 children with mild ID and 26 typically developing children). Oculomotor activity was evaluated using a GP3 Gazepoint eye tracker. The participants were presented with 15 visual stimuli: 10 pictorial and 5 mixed (pictures + text) static color images. Children with mild ID generated significantly fewer fixations (р = 0.038) than typically developing children. So, learning materials containing both pictorial and textual images are ineffective because textual elements are completely ignored by children with mild ID. The total duration of gaze fixations was significantly longer (р = 0.029) in typically developing children than in children with mild ID. However, the average duration of a single gaze fixation was longer in children with mild ID. The identified features of oculomotor response can help to optimize the format of instructional materials for primary school children with mild ID.
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Aravik, Havis, and Ahmad Tohir. "Pelatihan Pemanfaatan ID Author bagi Dosen." AKM: Aksi Kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36908/akm.v2i1.272.
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Training activities for the use of Author ID for Lecturers in the STEI Al-Furqon Prabumulih environment can be carried out well and smoothly due to the collaboration of the Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi dan Bisnis Syariah (STEBIS) Indo Global Mandiri Palembang with STEI Al-Furqon Prabumulih which was held on April 6, 2021 in the STEI Hall Al-Furqon Prabumulih from 08.00 WIB to 16.30 WIB. The purpose of this activity is to provide understanding and knowledge about Author IDs that a lecturer must have in supporting the Tridharma of Higher Education which he must carry out every semester. This activity uses the method of material presentation, guidance and practice of making Author ID and evaluation. The result of this training is that Author ID is an important component that every lecturer must have in order to support the success of the Tridharma of Higher Education which is implemented. With the Author ID, each lecturer can improve scientific publications and disseminate knowledge quickly to the community and even the world.
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Dupont, P., G. A. Orban, R. Vogels, et al. "Different perceptual tasks performed with the same visual stimulus attribute activate different regions of the human brain: a positron emission tomography study." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 90, no. 23 (1993): 10927–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.23.10927.
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To investigate the processing of visual form in human cerebral cortex, we used the PET (positron emission tomography) activation technique to compare the human brain regions that are involved in a visual detection task and two orientation discrimination tasks: the temporal same-different (TSD) task, which includes a short-term memory component, and the identification (ID) task, which is without this component. As a control task we used passive viewing. Stimuli were identical in all four tasks. Subtraction of passive viewing from detection showed that the detection task activates early visual cortical regions (areas 17/18) as well as several motor brain regions, while decreasing activity in several higher order frontal, temporal, and parietal regions. Comparing the ID task to the detection task revealed no further visual cortical activation, while comparison of the TSD task to the detection task revealed an activation of several right visual cortical regions, one of which remained significant after the subtraction of ID from TSD (right area 19). These experiments demonstrate the task dependence of visual processing, even for very closely related tasks, and the localization of the temporal comparison component involved in orientation discrimination in human area 19.
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Yang, Jia-Hua, Heung-Fai Lam, and James L. Beck. "Bayes-Mode-ID: A Bayesian modal-component-sampling method for operational modal analysis." Engineering Structures 189 (June 2019): 222–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.047.
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Shelton, Alexandra, Jade Wexler, Rebecca D. Silverman, and Laura M. Stapleton. "A Synthesis of Reading Comprehension Interventions for Persons With Mild Intellectual Disability." Review of Educational Research 89, no. 4 (2019): 612–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0034654319857041.
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The inclusion of individuals with intellectual disability (ID) in typical settings is increasing. To promote success in these settings, educators must support the reading comprehension of individuals with ID. Therefore, we conducted a synthesis of the extant research on reading comprehension interventions for individuals in the largest category of ID—mild ID—in Grades 4 through 12 and postsecondary programs. We review the methodological and intervention features of eight group-design studies and six single-case design studies published between January 2001 and December 2018. Findings from the 14 studies revealed inconsistent effects of single-component and multicomponent interventions on expository and narrative reading comprehension. However, medium to large positive effects were typically found from interventions using peer-mediated instruction and explicit strategy instruction. More rigorous research investigating the effects of reading comprehension interventions for individuals with mild ID using standardized measures is warranted. Practical implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Kirk, Julie. "The design and Performance of the Atlas Inner Detector Trigger in High Pileup Collisions at 13 Tev at the Large Hadron Collider." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 01051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921401051.
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The design and performance of the ATLAS Inner Detector (ID) trigger algorithms running online on the High Level Trigger (HLT) processor farm for 13 TeV LHC collision data with high pileup are discussed. The HLT ID tracking is a vital component in all physics signatures in the ATLAS trigger for the precise selection of the rare or interesting events necessary for physics analysis without overwhelming the offline data storage in terms of both size and rate. To cope with the high interaction rates expected in the 13 TeV LHC collisions, the ID trigger was redesigned during the 2013-15 long shutdown. The performance of the ID trigger in Run 2 data from 13 TeV LHC collisions has been excellent and exceeded expectations, even at the very high interaction multiplicities observed at the end of data-taking in 2017. The detailed efficiencies and resolutions of the ID trigger in a wide range of physics signatures are presented for the Run 2 data. The superb performance of the ID trigger algorithms in these extreme pileup conditions demonstrates how the ID tracking continues to lie at the heart of the trigger performance to enable the ATLAS physics program, and will continue to do so in the future.
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Wu, Tao, Zhenghong Deng, Yiwen Li, Zhengxin Li, and Yijie Huang. "Estimation of Two-Dimensional Non-Symmetric Incoherently Distributed Source with L-Shape Arrays." Sensors 19, no. 5 (2019): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051226.
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In the field of array signal processing, distributed sources can be regarded as an assembly of point sources within a spatial distribution. In this study, a two-dimensional (2D) non-symmetric incoherently distributed (ID) source model is proposed; we explore the estimation of a 2D non-symmetric ID source using L-shape arrays. The 2D non-symmetric ID source is established by modeling the angular power density function (APDF) as a Gaussian mixture model. Estimation of the non-symmetric distributed source is proposed based on the expectation maximization (EM) framework. The proposed EM iterative framework contains three steps in the process of each circle. Firstly, the nominal azimuth and nominal elevation of each Gaussian component are obtained from the phase parts of elements in sample covariance matrices. Then the angular spreads can be solved through a one-dimensional (1D) search by the original generalized Capon estimator. Finally, weights of each Gaussian component are obtained by solving the least-squares estimator. Simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the estimation technique.
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Rasmussen, Thomas, Lotta Hansson, Anders Österborg, Hans Erik Johnsen, and Håkan Mellstedt. "Idiotype vaccination in multiple myeloma induced a reduction of circulating clonal tumor B cells." Blood 101, no. 11 (2003): 4607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-06-1925.
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Abstract Myeloma cells express the idiotype (Id)–specific antigen that may be targeted by Id vaccination. Six patients with stage I IgG myeloma were immunized with the autologous purified M component together with the adjuvant cytokines interleukin 12 (IL-12) alone or in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The effect of Id vaccination on circulating clonal tumor B cells was monitored by a real-time allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction method. No other treatment was given. Reduction of blood tumor mass was observed in 4 of 6 patients, with one patient achieving a complete molecular remission in blood. In 3 of these 4 patients an Id-specific T-cell response was induced. In the remaining 2 patients with an unchanged level of blood tumor cells, one patient mounted a T-cell response, whereas the other did not. No significant change in the serum M protein level was noted. Id vaccination may target clonal B cells, suggesting that this strategy might be conducive to achieving tumor control. The clinical significance of these findings remains to be established.
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Kovrigina, I. V., E. V. Bolotova, and A. V. Kontsevaya. "Use of the Dominant Component Analysis for Improvement of Preventive Measures in Patients with Cardiovascular Risks." Doctor.Ru 20, no. 4 (2021): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31550/1727-2378-2021-20-4-7-14.
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Study Objective: To improve efficiency of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in patients with health category IIIa in Krasnodar Territorial Outpatient Clinic using a factorial analysis (dominant component analysis) of stage 1 health assessment results for 2015 and 2018. Materials and Methods. The study includes subjects who underwent stage 1 health assessment: 2015 — 2,461 people, 2018 — 2,772 people. Patients with health category IIIa were assessed for modifiable risk factors (RF) of CVDs using the dominant component analysis. Study Results. In 2015, health category IIIа was assigned to 29.9% of patients; female patients accounted for 68.5% (median age: 62 years), males accounted for 31.5% (median age: 60 years). In 2018, health category IIIа was recorded for 41.5% of patients; female patients accounted for 64.3% (median age: 63 years), males accounted for 35.7% (median age: 62 years). Factorial analysis demonstrated that male patients have the following composition of modifiable CVD RFs: factor 1 — improper diet (ID) and physical inactivity (PIA); factor 2 — hypercholesterolemia (HCS), tobacco smoking and alcohol abuse (TSAA); factor 3 — arterial hypertension (AH) and ID; factor 4 — AH. Women demonstrated different compositions of CVD RFs: factor 1 — ID and PIA; factor 2 — AH and HCS; factor 3 — BMI > 25 kg/m2 and hyperglycemia; factor 4 — TSAA. Conclusion. Gender differences together with modifiable CVD RFs in patients with risk category IIIa revealed with the help of the dominant component analysis allow correcting RFs taking into account combinations, most contributing to unfavourable cardiovascular events. Keywords: health assessment, risk factor, circulatory diseases, prevention, outpatient clinic, factorial analysis.
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Brown, Marisa, Diane Jacobstein, Irene Seyoung Yoon, Bruno Anthony, and Kim Bullock. "Systemwide Initiative Documents Robust Health Screening for Adults With Intellectual Disability." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 54, no. 5 (2016): 354–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-54.5.354.
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Abstract It is well documented that adults with intellectual disability (ID) experience higher rates of a series of health conditions compared to their peers without disability. These health conditions include cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, and psychiatric and behavioral disorders. With life expectancy approximating the general population, adults with ID are also now experiencing health conditions related to aging, further increasing their risk for diminished function and well-being. This increased morbidity poses new challenges in geriatric healthcare planning for this population. Relatively simple health prevention practices, such as the implementation of a health screening tool, can substantially increase disease detection and clinical activities directed toward improved health outcomes for people with ID. This study examines data collected from the District of Columbia Developmental Disabilities Administration's (DC DDA's) health screening component of its Health and Wellness Standards. Findings are presented, along with recommendations and implications for improving preventive health screening practices in the ID population.
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Rathod, Sapna M., and Paresh U. Patel. "CHEMOMETRICS ASSISTED SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF SOFOSBUVIR AND DACLATASVIR DIHYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLET FORMULATION." INDIAN DRUGS 57, no. 03 (2020): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.57.03.12273.
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Four chemometric methods, namely Classical Least Square (CLS), Inverse Least Square (ILS), Partial Least Square (PLS) and Principal Component Regression (PCR), were developed for the simultaneous estimation of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir dihydrochloride in tablet formulation. Full factorial design was used to construct calibration set as well as validation set. Twenty five mixed solutions were prepared for calibration set and sixteen mixed solution of drugs were prepared for validation set. The absorbance of all prepared solutions was measured in the range of 230 nm to 335 nm at 16 wavelength points at an interval of 7 nm. Linearity was observed in the range of 10 – 90 µg/mL for sofosbuvir and 4 - 20 µg/mL for daclatasvir dihydrochloride. The developed chemometric methods were validated in terms of precision and accuracy as per ICH guidelines. The developed methods can be applied for the routine quantitative analysis of formulation.
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Crammond, Donald J., and John F. Kalaska. "Prior Information in Motor and Premotor Cortex: Activity During the Delay Period and Effect on Pre-Movement Activity." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 2 (2000): 986–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.2.986.
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In instructed-delay (ID) tasks, instructional cues provide prior information about the nature of a movement to execute after a delay. Neuronal responses in dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) during the instructed-delay period (IDP) between the CUE and subsequent GO signals are presumed to reflect early planning stages initiated by the prior information. In contrast, in multiple-choice reaction-time (RT) tasks, all motor planning and execution processes must occur after the GO signal. These assumptions predict that neuronal planning correlates recorded during the IDP of ID trials should share common features with early post-GO activity in RT trials, and that those response components need not be recapitulated after the GO signal of ID trials. These two predictions were tested by comparing activity recorded in RT and ID tasks from 503 neurons in PMd and caudal (MIc) and rostral (MIr) primary motor cortex. The incidence and strength of directionally tuned IDP activity declined progressively from PMd to MIc. The directional tuning of activity during the IDP of ID trials was more similar to that in the reaction-time epoch (RTE) of RT trials than after movement onset, especially in PMd. A modulation of post-GO activity was often observed between RT and ID trials and was confined mainly to the RTE. This effect was also most prominent in PMd. The most common change was a reduction in intensity of short-latency phasic responses to the GO signal between RT and ID trials, especially in PMd cells with a short-latency phasic response to CUE signals. However, the largest group of cells in each area showed no large change in peak RTE activity between RT and ID trials, whether they were active in the IDP or not. Since early phasic CUE-related responses are least likely to be recapitulated after the GO signal in ID trials, they may be a neuronal correlate of an early planning stage such as response selection. Tonic IDP responses, which are not as strongly associated with a post-GO reduction in activity, may be related to other aspects of motor planning and preparation. Finally, a major component of the movement-related activity in both MI and PMd is not susceptible to modification by prior information and is indivisibly coupled temporally to movement execution.
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Rathod, Priyanka, Chandana Kulkarni, and Raman P. Yadav. "ANTI-DIABESITY PRINCIPLE FROM THE SEEDS OF PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L." INDIAN DRUGS 57, no. 12 (2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.57.12.12323.
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In recent years, pancreatic lipase inhibitor and α- glucosidase inhibitor have been highlighted as potential anti-diabesity principles. In the present study, seeds of Phyllanthus emblica L. (Family: Phyllanthaceae) was studied for anti-diabesity potential in terms of pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity. At 100μg/ml concentration, pancreatic lipase inhibition of the methanolic extract using synthetic substrate obtained was 73.2±0.1% (IC50 59.1μg/ml), whereas pancreatic lipase inhibition using natural substrate was 87.9 ± 2.62%. α- glucosidase inhibition of the extract at 50μg/ml was measured as 94.4±0.37% (IC50 34.4μg/ml). The superoxide scavenging activity of the extract was found to be 81.5±0.41%. Interestingly, upon TLC fingerprinting, only one band with Rf 0.70 showed multifunctional activity. The phytochemical found to be present was an alkaloid. The results evidenced the presence of multifunctional smart molecule in methanolic extract of P. emblica L and showed an alkaloid as the component responsible for anti-diabesity potential.
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Guo, Hai Kuan, Xin Wen Zhao, Feng Yan, and Yun Fang Zhao. "The Reliability Prediction of Component Cooling Water System (CCWS) Based on Copula." Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (August 2013): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.335.
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According to correlation between the equipment of CCWS, this paper uses Copula to describe correlation of the system, establishes the reliability prediction model of CCWS and does the quantitative calculation. Analysing the results shows that the reliability of redundancy system is much higher than that of single component, but dependent failures between the equipment decrease the reliability of system. And also shows that this model can be perfectly used in the reliability prediction of CCWS. CLC number: TL364+.1 Document id code: A
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Strain, Steven R., and Jerry G. Chmielewski. "A Simple Computer Application for the Identification of Conifer Genera." American Biology Teacher 72, no. 5 (2010): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2010.72.5.8.
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The National Science Education Standards prescribe that an understanding of the importance of classifying organisms be one component of a student's educational experience in the life sciences. The use of a classification scheme to identify organisms is one way of addressing this goal. We describe Conifer ID, a computer application that assists students in the identification of conifers without requiring prior specific knowledge. Conifer ID promotes careful observational skills and presents students with visual aids during the identification to overcome some of the weaknesses of more traditional identification methods.
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MEYER, JULIA S., IGOR V. GORNYI, and ALEXANDER ALTLAND. "DISORDER AND QUANTUM CRITICALITY IN d-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 07 (2004): 949–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204024562.
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To explain experimentally observed quasiparticle relaxation rates in the cuprate superconductors, Sachdev and collaborators recently proposed that the d-wave system may be close to a quantum critical point towards a superconducting state with an additional order parameter component of is- or id-wave symmetry. In the proximity of the transition, dynamical order parameter fluctuations modify the system properties. Here, we explore the influence of disorder on this interacting fluctuation regime. Our main finding is that unlike in the clean system, significant qualitative differences between is and id exist: In the is-case, due to the disorder-enhanced low-energy density of states, a secondary superconducting transition (with a strongly disorder-dependent Tc) takes place. In contrast, in the id-case essential features of the clean scenario are left intact by the disorder.
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Mardal, Marie, Frank Møller Aarestrup, Brian Schou Rasmussen, Christian Brinch Mollerup, Petur Weihe Dalsgaard, and Kristian Linnet. "Analytical Profiling of Airplane Wastewater - a New Matrix for Mapping Worldwide Patterns of Drug Use and Abuse." Scandinavian Journal of Forensic Science 23, no. 1 (2017): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjfs-2017-0003.
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Abstract There is limited knowledge on the global prescription and consumption patterns of therapeutic (TD) and illicit drugs (ID). Pooled urine analysis and wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been used for local-based drug screening. It is, however, difficult to study the global epidemiology due to difficulties in obtaining samples. The aims of the study were to test the detectability of TD and ID in airplane wastewater samples categorized according to their geographical origin. Wastewater samples (n= 17) were collected from long-distance flights and prepared with enzymatic conjugate cleaving followed by either precipitation or solid phase extraction. Aliquots were analysed on various liquid chromatography – mass spectrometers. TDs were grouped according to their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes. Identification confidence was assigned to three levels based on variables including detection on multiple instruments and number of targets per compound. A total of 424 compounds were identified across all samples, distributed on 87 unique TD and 2 ID. Two principal components in a principal component analysis separated three clusters of wastewater samples corresponding to geographical origin of the airplanes with therapeutic subgroup ATC codes as variables. Airplane wastewater analysis is useful for identifying targets for WBE and toxicological analysis and explore drug use and abuse patterns.
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Tachida, Hidenori, and C. Clark Cockerham. "Effects of identity disequilibrium and linkage on quantitative variation in finite populations." Genetical Research 53, no. 1 (1989): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300027877.
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SummaryIdentity disequilibrium, ID, is the difference between joint identity by descent and the product of the separate probabilities of identity by descent for two loci. The effects of ID on the additive by additive (a * a) epistatic variance and joint dominance component between populations and in the additive, dominance and a * a variance within populations, including the effects on covariances of relatives within populations, were studied for finite monoecious populations. The effects are formulated in terms of three additive partitions, ηb, ηa and ηd of the total ID, each of which increases from zero to a maximum at some generation dependent upon linkage and population size and decreases thereafter. ηd is about four times the magnitude of the other two but none is of any consequence except for tight linkage and very small populations. For single-generation bottleneck populations only d is not zero. With random mating of expanded populations ηb remains constant and ηa and ηd go to zero at a rate dependent upon linkage, very fast with free recombination. The contributions of joint dominance to the genetic components of variance within and between populations are entirely a function of the η's while those of a * a variance to the components are functions mainly of the coancestry coefficient and only modified by the η's. The contributions of both to the covariances of half-sibs, full-sibs and parent-offspring follow the pattern expected from their contributions to the genetic components of variance within populations except for minor terms which most likely are of little importance.
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Siavoshi, Hojjatollah, Hamid Agha Alinejad, Ali Kashi, Mohammad Ali Samavati Sharif, and Masoumeh Helalizadeh. "The Relationships Between Some Physical Fitness Factors and Muscle Damage in People With Intellectual Disabilities." Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 18, no. 2 (2020): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/irj.18.2.936.1.
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Objectives: The physical component of tasks can be a problem because of muscle weakness; therefore, this research was performed to investigate the relationships between some physical fitness factors and muscle damage enzyme levels in people with mild Intellectual Disabilities (ID). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 314 students with ID (Body Mass Index [BMI]: 23.42±4.84 kg/m2), after measuring their anthropometric variables (height, weight, and BMI), performed the Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness (CSTF). This test includes flexibility (sit and reach test), muscle endurance (Push-ups and Sit-ups tests), muscle strength (Hand-grip test), and cardiorespiratory endurance (Canada Home Fitness test). Then saliva samples were collected from 20 subjects who were homogeneous for age (Mean±SD: 20.30±2.27 years), sex (male only), and type of ID, for measuring their saliva levels of Creatine Phosphate Kinase (CPK), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and C-reactive Protein (CRP). Data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient and linear and nonlinear regressions (P<0.05). Results: The findings indicated significant relationships between some of the physical fitness factors and some enzymes of muscle damage (P<0.05). The results indicated significant relationships between CPK, with push-ups, sit-ups, and hand-grip strength, as well as between the LDH with push-ups and CRP with sit-ups and hand-grip strength (P<0.05). Discussion: According to the results of the present research, CPK, LDH, and CRP saliva levels in males with an ID have a significant relationship with some of the physical fitness components. Also, the results of the present research have provided equations for estimating CPK, LDH, and CRP saliva levels through CSTF battery test scores in people who have an educable ID.
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Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz. "O kilku możliwych śladach duale tantum w językach indoeuropejskich." LingVaria 13, no. 26 (2018): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.13.2018.26.04.
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On Some Possible Traces of Duale Tantum in Indo-European LanguagesThe paper is devoted to three selected Indo-European nouns that can be considered as dualia tantum. On the basis of lexical data preserved in historical Indo-European languages, I have reconstructed three probable archetypes:(1) IE. *ḱelī- (< PIE. *ḱel-ih1) f. duale tantum ‘two-component body of a human or animal’ is precisely attested in Avestan sairi f. du. tant. ‘two solid components of the human and animal body, i.e. the skin together with meat and bones; body, dead body, corpse’. The primitive dual form seems to appear in Old Indic (Vedic) śárīram n. ‘body, body frame, solid parts of the body, pl. bones’, also ‘a dead body’ (a derivative noun created by means of the suffix -ra- < IE. *-lo-), cf. also Pali sarīra- n. ‘body’, Prakrit sarira- n. ‘id.’; West Pahari sarīr, Old Gujarati saïra, sayara n. ‘body’.(2) IE. *agu̯ sī- f. sg. ‘axe’ (< PIE. *h2egu̯ s-ih1 f. du. tant. ‘double axe, two-edged battle-axe’) can be seen not only in the Germanic languages (e.g. Gothic aqisi f. ‘axe’, Old High German acchus ‘id.’, English axe ‘id.’), but also in some Greek-Latin derivatives (see Greek ἀξῑ́νη f. ‘double axe, twoedged battle-axe’, Modern Greek αξίνα f. ‘hoe, mattock, pickaxe’, Latin ascia f. ‘axe, trowel’). The original meaning ‘double axe, two-edged item’ is firmly confirmed by the Greek data.(3) IE. *oldhī- f. sg. ‘a kind of boat’ (< PIE. *h3eldh-ih1 f. du. tant. ‘a primitive boat built from two troughs’ ← *h3eldh- f. ‘trough’) is reflected in Tocharian AB olyi ‘boat’, Lithuanian eldijà f. ‘a canoe, a boat hollowed out from one trunk’, dial. aldijà f. ‘id.’, Old Church Slavic ladija f. ‘πλοῖον, σκάφη / navis, navicula’, also alъdija ‘id.’, Old Czech lodí f. ‘ship, boat’, Polish łódź f. ‘boat’ and so on. The basic noun *h3eldh- ‘trough’ is securely attested in the Germanic languages, cf. Norwegian alde f. ‘wooden trough’, Danish olde ‘id.’ (< Proto-Germanic *aldōn- f.).
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Ghante, Minal R., Akash C. Masale, Supriya G. Jagtap, Sanjay D. Sawant, and Vandana S. Nikam. "SIMPLE, COST EFFECTIVE UV-VIS METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF ELVITEGRAVIR (EVG) IN PURE AND DOSAGE FORM BY QBD APPROACH AND IN PRESENCE OF MAMMALIAN PLASMA." INDIAN DRUGS 57, no. 01 (2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.57.01.11738.
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A simple, cost effective, UV-VIS spectrophotometric method for analysis of elvitegravir (EVG) in the presence of plasma was developed to facilitate the assessment of clinical samples or as a routine alternative tool in drug quality control laboratories for quantitative estimation of EVG. The present work delineates the estimation of EVG in 50μl of rat plasma that is directly dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and subjected to analysis. Firstly, estimation of EVG in pure and dosage form was developed and validated using analytical quality by design (QbD) as per ICH Q2 (R1), Q8 (R2) guidelines. Validation parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness and recovery were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA). The % RSD for accuracy, precision and robustness was found to be < 2%. The detection of EVG in DMSO spiked with plasma showed asymmetrical curves that were transformed by deconvolution techniques. The deconvoluted spectra were symmetrical and linearity plot having a coefficient of regression of 0.999 was obtained. The proposed method could be further utilized for the estimation of EVG in biological samples.
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Simpson, D. J. W. "On the stability of boundary equilibria in Filippov systems." Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis 20, no. 9 (2021): 3093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/cpaa.2021097.
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<p style='text-indent:20px;'>The leading-order approximation to a Filippov system <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ f $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> about a generic boundary equilibrium <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ x^* $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> is a system <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> that is affine one side of the boundary and constant on the other side. We prove <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ x^* $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> is exponentially stable for <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ f $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> if and only if it is exponentially stable for <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> when the constant component of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> is not tangent to the boundary. We then show exponential stability and asymptotic stability are in fact equivalent for <inline-formula><tex-math id="M8">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. We also show exponential stability is preserved under small perturbations to the pieces of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M9">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. Such results are well known for homogeneous systems. To prove the results here additional techniques are required because the two components of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M10">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> have different degrees of homogeneity. The primary function of the results is to reduce the problem of the stability of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M11">\begin{document}$ x^* $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> from the general Filippov system <inline-formula><tex-math id="M12">\begin{document}$ f $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> to the simpler system <inline-formula><tex-math id="M13">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. Yet in general this problem remains difficult. We provide a four-dimensional example of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M14">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> for which orbits appear to converge to <inline-formula><tex-math id="M15">\begin{document}$ x^* $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> in a chaotic fashion. By utilising the presence of both homogeneity and sliding motion the dynamics of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M16">\begin{document}$ F $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> can in this case be reduced to the combination of a one-dimensional return map and a scalar function.</p>
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Gregorius, H. R. "Partitioning of diversity: the "within communities" component." Web Ecology 14, no. 1 (2014): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-14-51-2014.
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Abstract. It is routinely understood that the total diversity within a metacommunity (γ-diversity) can be partitioned into one component summarizing the diversity within communities (α-diversity) and a second component representing the contribution of diversity (or differences) between communities (β-diversity). The underlying thought is that merging differentiated communities should raise the total diversity above the average level of diversity within the communities. The crucial point in this partitioning criterion is set by the notion of "diversity within communities" (DWC) and its relation to the total diversity. The common approach to summarizing DWC is in terms of averages. Yet there are many different ways to average diversity, and not all of these averages stay below the total diversity for every measure of diversity, corrupting the partitioning criterion. This raises the question of whether conceptual properties of diversity measures exist, the fulfillment of which implies that all measures of DWC obey the partitioning criterion. It is shown that the straightforward generalization of the plain counting of types (richness) leads to a generic diversity measure that has the desired properties and, together with its effective numbers, fulfills the partitioning criterion for virtually all of the relevant diversity measures in use. It turns out that the classical focus on DWC (α) and its complement (β as derived from α and γ) in the partitioning of total diversity captures only the apportionment perspective of the distribution of trait diversity over communities (which implies monomorphism within communities at the extreme). The other perspective, differentiation, cannot be assessed appropriately unless an additional level of diversity is introduced that accounts for differences between communities (such as the joint "type-community diversity"). Indices of apportionment IA (among which is GST and specially normalized versions of β) and differentiation ID are inferred, and it is demonstrated that conclusions derived from IA depend considerably on the measure of diversity to which it is applied, and that in most cases an assessment of the distribution of diversity over communities requires additional computation of ID.
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Florio, Monica, Maria-Clemencia Hernandez, Hui Yang, Hui-Kuo Shu, John L. Cleveland, and Mark A. Israel. "Id2 Promotes Apoptosis by a Novel Mechanism Independent of Dimerization to Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Factors." Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, no. 9 (1998): 5435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.9.5435.
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ABSTRACT Members of the helix-loop-helix (HLH) family of Id proteins have demonstrated roles in the regulation of differentiation and cell proliferation. Id proteins inhibit differentiation by HLH-mediated heterodimerization with basic HLH transcription factors. This blocks their sequence-specific binding to DNA and activation of target genes that are often expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Id proteins can also act as positive regulators of cell proliferation. The different mechanisms proposed for Id-mediated promotion of entry into S phase also involve HLH-mediated interactions affecting regulators of the G1/S transition. We have found that Id2 augments apoptosis in both interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent 32D.3 myeloid progenitors and U2OS osteosarcoma cells. We could not detect a similar activity for Id3. In contrast to the effects of Id2 on differentiation and cell proliferation, Id2-mediated apoptosis is independent of HLH-mediated dimerization. The ability of Id2 to promote cell death resides in its N-terminal region and is associated with the enhanced expression of a known component of the programmed cell death pathway, the proapoptotic gene BAX.
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Ta, Van Thanh, Thinh Huy Tran, Binh Thanh Nguyen, Linh Quy Nguyen, Hoai Quy Nguyen, and Khanh Van Tran. "ID:4007 Immune-cell base for cancer therapy." Biomedical Research and Therapy 4, S (2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v4is.217.
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The development of immune cell-based approaches for treatment of cancer has been actively investigated for many years. One strategy that has been demonstrated as an effective method for cancer treatment is adoptive T cell therapy. The principle of this method is using Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), a crucial component of the adaptive immune system that aids in the control of intracellular pathogens. Effector CTL have the capacity to promote the apoptotic death of specifically targeted cells, using a combination of granule (perforin/granzyme)-and receptor (Fas/tumor necrosis factor)-mediated mechanisms. CTL recognize specific antigen on target cells using an unique T-cell receptor (TCR) when they are presented by class I major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules. In this study, we demonstrated that T lymphocytes were activated and dramatically expanded by stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies and culture in the present of IL-2, IL-15 and IL-21 cytokines. These T cells exhibited a predominantly activated phenotype as manifested by an increase in the percentage of cells expressing CD8 and generation of various cytokines such as IL-2, INFγ and TNFa. These findings indicate that stimulation by anti- CD3/CD28 generated effector CTL in adoptive T-cell therapy for cancer.
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Fahrner, Jill A., and Hans T. Bjornsson. "Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery: postnatal malleability and therapeutic prospects." Human Molecular Genetics 28, R2 (2019): R254—R264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddz174.
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Abstract The epigenetic machinery in conjunction with the transcriptional machinery is responsible for maintaining genome-wide chromatin states and dynamically regulating gene expression. Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery (MDEMs) are genetic disorders resulting from mutations in components of the epigenetic apparatus. Though individually rare, MDEMs have emerged as a collectively common etiology for intellectual disability (ID) and growth disruption. Studies in model organisms and humans have demonstrated dosage sensitivity of this gene group with haploinsufficiency as a predominant disease mechanism. The epigenetic machinery consists of three enzymatic components (writers, erasers and chromatin remodelers) as well as one non-enzymatic group (readers). A tally of the entire census of such factors revealed that although multiple enzymatic activities never coexist within a single component, individual enzymatic activities often coexist with a reader domain. This group of disorders disrupts both the chromatin and transcription states of target genes downstream of the given component but also DNA methylation on a global scale. Elucidation of these global epigenetic changes may inform our understanding of disease pathogenesis and have diagnostic utility. Moreover, many therapies targeting epigenetic marks already exist, and some have proven successful in treating cancer. This, along with the recent observation that neurological dysfunction in these disorders may in fact be treatable in postnatal life, suggests that the scientific community should prioritize this group as a potentially treatable cause of ID. Here we summarize the recent expansion and major characteristics of MDEMs, as well as the unique therapeutic prospects for this group of disorders.
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Shah, Umang, Bhumika Desai, and Vyomesh Nandrubarkar. "APPLICATION OF CHEMOMETRIC METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF CLOTRIMAZOLE AND BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM." INDIAN DRUGS 57, no. 02 (2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.57.02.11601.
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Chemometry is the use of mathematical and statistical methods to improve the understanding of chemical information and to correlate quality parameters or physical properties to analytical instrument data. In the present work, two chemometric methods, named as principal component regression (PCR) and (PLS) based on the use of spectrophotometric data, were developed for simultaneous determination of clotrimazole (CLO) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BE C) in bulk and cream form. The absorbance of zero order UV spectra of CLO and BE C in the range of 80-400 μg/mL and 2-10 μg/mL, respectively were recorded in the wavelength range 230-272 nm at 3 nm wavelength intervals. Twenty-five (25) mixed solutions were prepared for the chemometric calibration as training set and sixteen varied solutions were prepared as a validation set. The suitability of the models was decided based on the RMSECV, RMSEP and PRESS values of calibration and validation data. The % recovery study of both the methods was compared, and it was found near each other. The assay of CLO and BE C for both the methods was found to be in the range of 99.78 to 101.20%. Hence, the proposed methods can be used for simultaneous analysis of the mixture of the drugs, without chemical pre-treatment, with good speed of analysis.
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Worthington, Rachel. "The multi-component model of harmful sexual behaviour for people with autism and co-morbid intellectual disabilities – a theory and practice guide." Journal of Forensic Practice 21, no. 1 (2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-07-2017-0027.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore to what extent neuro-typical theories of sexual offending apply to clients with Levels 2 and 3 autism with a co-morbid intellectual disability (ID). The paper develops a model of harmful sexual behaviour (HSB) for this client group and makes suggestions for how these behaviours can be understood and reduced.Design/methodology/approachThe revised Integrated Theory of Sexual Offending (ITSO) (Ward and Beech, 2016) is used as a starting framework to understand HSB in this client group. This attends to specific neuropsychological systems, brain development, motivation and emotional processing.FindingsThe revised ITSO has some utility in understanding HSB in this client group. This is improved when neuro-atypical specific state factors are identified. Practical ways of establishing these state factors are made which attend to the function of the behaviour in line with “Good Lives” model of rehabilitation.Research limitations/implicationsRecommendations for ways in which the function of HSB in this client group can be identified are made as well as recommendations for how treatment can be tailored dependent on the function of behaviour in this client group.Practical implicationsThe paper makes practical recommendations for how interventions for people with ID and autism in line with Ward, Clack and Haig’s (2016) Abductive Theory of Method which noted that interventions should be adopted to consider wider explanations for offending thus acknowledging that treatment could extend beyond cognitive behavioural therapy for clinical phenomena. Future treatments for clients with autism and LD are suggested which attend to sensory needs, teaching alternative communication strategies for seeking out “deep pressure” or attention in ways that do not involve sexual offending, using picture communication, information technology or Makaton to communicate needs or using social stories to explain the consequences of behaviour. In addition, neuro-atypical interventions which attend to the neuropsychological functioning of clients could also be included in treatment for neuro-typical clients, thus ensuring that interventions attend to every aspect of the ITSO and not purely clinical phenomena.Social implicationsEnhancing treatment interventions for clients with ID and autism could both reduce risk and enhance quality of life for this client group.Originality/valueMuch of the work to date exploring HSB in clients with autism has attended to clients with Level 1 autism or those without an additional ID. This paper provides practitioners with a theory upon which to understand HSB in clients with a dual diagnosis of Levels 2/3 autism and an ID as well as practical recommendations for reducing HSB in this client group.
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Wan, Gang, and Bao Lin Wu. "Dynamic Mechanical Property Anisotropy of ZA31 Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Pressing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 598 (July 2014): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.598.102.
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the microstuctures and orientations changing of hot extrusion AZ31 magnesium alloy were obtained by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). After the ECAP samples annealed, the dynamic anistropy of AZ31 alloy in different impacting directions were given by dynamic compressing in HSPB system. The results showed that with pression passes increasing, the grains were refined more obviously and {0002}<11-20> texture component increased and concentrated in the center of the pole figure. The maxmium reduction under impacting direction (ID) parelleled to extrusion direction (ED) is larger than that of ID // ND during dynamic compressing, and there was a obvious strain softing in the strain-stress curves. However, the dramatic strain hardening and higher yield strength appeared in the stress-strain figure when ID parelleled to ND. In addition, the reasons for mechanical anistropy of AZ31 alloy were discussed in a way of grains orientationes changing.
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Mu'in, Muhammad Affan, and Sintje Lumatauw. "Heritabilitas Produki Telur Ayam Lokal Papua Berbeda Genotip dari Lokus 24- bp Insertion-Deletion dalam Promotor Gen Prolaktin." Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) 11, no. 2 (2021): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.46549/jipvet.v11i2.161.
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The heritability (h2) of a trait shows phenotypes variance of the trait caused by additive genetic variance. The h2 value is used to estimate the quantitative trait breeding value of livestock in order to improve these traits through selection. This study aims to estimate the h2 of egg production characteristics in Papua local chickens with different genotypes from the 24-bp InDel (Insertion-Deletion) locus in the prolactin gene promoter region (24-bp InDel/cPRLp locus). A total of 13 pairs of Papua local chickens consisting of 3 pairs of II genotypes (♂II x ♀II) and 11 female offspring, 5 pairs of ID genotypes (♂ID x ♂ID) and 19 female offspring, and 5 pairs of DD genotypes (DD x ♀DD) and 17 female offspring were used in this study. Observations were made on the characteristics of egg production in female offspring of each genotype group. The variance component for h2 estimation is obtained by the one-way analysis of variance method and the separation of the variance components for single pairs. The results showed that the h2 at first laying of eggs in all genotype groups was moderate (0.10 to 0.30); the h2 of the number of eggs produced from the time they first laid eggs until the age of 240 days in II and ID genotype groups was high (> 0.3), while in the DD genotype group was classified as moderate (0.10 to 0.30); and the h2 of egg weight in all genotype groups was moderate (0.10 to 0.30). The high h2 of a trait indicates that the trait is more dominated by additive genes and is more responsive to the selection treatment.
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DAGHERO, D., R. S. GONNELLI, G. A. UMMARINO, and V. A. STEPANOV. "POSSIBLE d + id SCENARIO IN La2-xSrxCuO4 BY POINT-CONTACT MEASUREMENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 04n06 (2003): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203016376.
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We analyze the results of point-contact measurements in La 2-x Sr x CuO 4 (LSCO) previously reported as a clear evidence of the separation between gap and pseudo-gap in this copper oxide. Here we show that, in addition to this, the conductance curves of our point-contact junctions – showing clear Andreev reflection features – can be interpreted as supporting a nodeless dx2 - y2 + i dxy-wave symmetry of the gap in LSCO. The results of our analysis, in particular the doping dependence of the subdominant dxy gap component, are discussed and compared to the predictions of different theoretical models.
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Gao, Xu, Wenru Zeng, Yu Shen, et al. "Integrated Deep Neural Networks-Based Complex System for Urban Water Management." Complexity 2020 (November 27, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8848324.
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Although the management and planning of water resources are extremely significant to human development, the complexity of implementation is unimaginable. To achieve this, the high-precision water consumption prediction is actually the key component of urban water optimization management system. Water consumption is usually affected by many factors, such as weather, economy, and water prices. If these impact factors are directly combined to predict water consumption, the weight of each perspective on the water consumption will be ignored, which will be greatly detrimental to the prediction accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a deep neural network-based complex system for urban water management. The essence of it is to formulate a water consumption prediction model with the aid of principal component analysis (PCA) and the integrated deep neural network, which is abbreviated as UWM-Id. The PCA classifies the factors affecting water consumption in the original data into three categories according to their correlation and inputs them into the neural network model. The results in the previous step are assigned weights and integrated into the form of fully connected layer. Finally, analyzing the sensitivity of the proposed UWM-Id and comparing its performance with a series of commonly used baseline methods for data mining, a large number of experiments have proved that UWM-Id has good performance and can be used for urban water management system.
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Chen, Shen Li, Tsung Shiung Lee, and Yu Ting Huang. "Influences of MOS Device Characteristic under Different Oxygen-Dose Participations in the Silicon Substrate." Key Engineering Materials 656-657 (July 2015): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.656-657.8.
Full textAbstract:
A silicon substrate is the starting point of producing the semiconductor component, so that the quality of semiconductor substrate is very important during the VLSI fabrication. In this paper, we will evaluate the influence of MOS device characteristics under different oxygen impurities in silicon substrates. In the course of silicon substrate pulling process by Czochralski method, the defect and impurity will be existed; the oxygen atom will be induced substrate dislocations and affected the substrate quality. In this work, different oxygen doses will be used in wafer to study the impacts on MOS CV curve characteristic, interface trap charge characteristic, ID-VDScurve, ID-VGScurve, and threshold voltage behaviors of MOS devices.
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Hubeau, Marjorie, Flora Ngadjeua, Anne Puel, et al. "New mechanism of X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency: impairment of ubiquitin binding despite normal folding of NEMO protein." Blood 118, no. 4 (2011): 926–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-10-315234.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Nuclear factor-κB essential modulator (NEMO), the regulatory subunit of the IκB kinase complex, is a critical component of the NF-κB pathway. Hypomorphic mutations in the X-linked human NEMO gene cause various forms of anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (EDA-ID). All known X-linked EDA-ID–causing mutations impair NEMO protein expression, folding, or both. We describe here 2 EDA-ID–causing missense mutations that affect the same residue in the CC2-LZ domain (D311N and D311G) that do not impair NEMO production or folding. Structural studies based on pull-down experiments showed a defect in noncovalent interaction with K63-linked and linear polyubiquitin chains for these mutant proteins. Functional studies on the patients' cells showed an impairment of the classic NF-κB signaling pathways after activation of 2 NEMO ubiquitin-binding–dependent receptors, the TNF and IL-1β receptors, and in the CD40-dependent NF-κB pathway. We report the first human NEMO mutations responsible for X-linked EDA-ID found to affect the polyubiquitin binding of NEMO rather than its expression and folding. These experiments demonstrate that the binding of human NEMO to polyubiquitin is essential for NF-κB activation. They also demonstrate that the normal expression and folding of NEMO do not exclude a pathogenic role for NEMO mutations in patients with EDA-ID.
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Sang, Yu, Hong Wen Song, and Jun Zhao. "Intrinsic Dimensional Correlation Discretization for Mining Task." Applied Mechanics and Materials 404 (September 2013): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.404.548.
Full textAbstract:
Discretization is a necessary pre-processing step of the mining task, and a way of performance improvement for many machine learning algorithms. Existing techniques mainly focus on 1-dimension discretization in lower dimensional data space. In this paper, we present an intrinsic dimensional correlation discretization technique in high-dimensional data space. The approach estimates the intrinsic dimensionality (ID) of the data by using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). Further, we project data onto eigenspace of the estimated lower ID by using principle component analysis (PCA) that can discover the potential correlation structure in the multivariate data. Thus, all the dimensions of the data can be transformed into new independent eigenspace of the ID, and each dimension can be discretized separately in the eigenspace based on the promising Bayes discretization model by using outstanding MODL discretization method. We design a heuristic framework to find better discretization scheme. Our approach demonstrates that there is a significantly improvement on the mean learning accuracy of the classifiers than traditional discretization methods.
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Albert, J. L., and J. M. Nerbonne. "Calcium-independent depolarization-activated potassium currents in superior colliculus-projecting rat visual cortical neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 73, no. 6 (1995): 2163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2163.
Full textAbstract:
1. K+ conductances were characterized in isolated, identified superior colliculus-projecting (SCP) rat visual cortical neurons. SCP neurons were identified in vitro under epifluorescence illumination after in vivo retrograde labeling with rhodamine-labeled microspheres or "beads." For experiments, SCP neurons were isolated from the primary visual cortex of postnatal day 7 to 16 (P7-P16) Long Evans rat pups after bead injections into the ipsilateral superior colliculus at p5. 2. Recording conditions were optimized to allow the characterization of Ca2+ -independent K+ conductances. SCP cells that were largely devoid of processes were selected for recording, and experiments were completed 2-30 h after cell isolation. Ca2+ -independent, depolarization-activated K+ currents were routinely recorded during 200-ms voltage steps to potentials positive to -50 mV from a holding potential of -70 mV. 3. Peak outward current densities and the relative amplitudes of the peak and plateau outward currents evoked during 200-ms voltage steps varied among SCP cells. Although cells were isolated from animals at different ages (P7-P16) and maintained for varying times in vitro (2-30 h), no correlations were found between the variations in peak current densities or peak to plateau current ratios and the age of the animal from which the cell was isolated or the length of time the cell was maintained in vitro before recording. 4. Pharmacological experiments revealed the coexpression of three K+ current components in SCP cells that could be separated on the basis of differing sensitivities to the K+ channel blockers, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and tetraethylammonium (TEA). Varying the concentration of 4-AP, for example, facilitated the separation of two rapidly activating K+ currents similar to A (IA) and D(ID) type currents in other cells. ID in SCP neurons is blocked by micromolar concentrations of 4-AP, whereas micromolar concentrations of 4-AP are required to effect complete block of IA in these cells. The current component remaining in the presence of high concentrations (5-10 mM) of 4-AP is slowly activating outward K+ current, similar to delayed rectifier (IK) currents in other cells. IK in SCP neurons is blocked by micromolar concentrations of TEA. 5. Activation of IA, ID, and IK in SCP neurons is voltage dependent, although the three current components display distinct time- and voltage-dependent properties. For example, although both IA and ID begin to activate at approximately -50 mV, IA activates two to three times faster than ID. In addition, the threshold for activation of IK (-30 mV) is approximately 20 mV depolarized from that of IA (or ID), and the voltage dependence of IK activation is steeper than that of IA and ID.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)