Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ideal protein. eng

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Ideal protein. eng'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ideal protein. eng"

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Carmona, Guillaume, Lauren Barney, Jared Sewell, et al. "Correcting Rare Blood Disorders Using Coagulation Factors Produced In Vivo By Shielded Living TherapeuticsTM Products." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 2065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-127050.

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Hemophilia A arises from mutations in the F8 gene, affecting ~ 1/5000 males. Treatment options include frequent intravenous factor and subcutaneous non-factor therapies. While these approaches have been widely used, they have significant limitations, such as breakthrough bleeds and joint disease due to suboptimal adherence, non-ideal factor kinetics, inhibitor generation, (Weyand, Blood 2018) as well as risk of thrombotic events and coagulation test interference with newer non-factor therapies. (Peters, Nat Rev Drug Discov 2018) Alternative modalities such as cell therapies with genetically mo
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Ban, Zhan, Peng Yuan, Fubo Yu, Ting Peng, Qixing Zhou, and Xiangang Hu. "Machine learning predicts the functional composition of the protein corona and the cellular recognition of nanoparticles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 19 (2020): 10492–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919755117.

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Protein corona formation is critical for the design of ideal and safe nanoparticles (NPs) for nanomedicine, biosensing, organ targeting, and other applications, but methods to quantitatively predict the formation of the protein corona, especially for functional compositions, remain unavailable. The traditional linear regression model performs poorly for the protein corona, as measured by R2 (less than 0.40). Here, the performance with R2 over 0.75 in the prediction of the protein corona was achieved by integrating a machine learning model and meta-analysis. NPs without modification and surface
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Wang, Yanli, Sihai Zhao, Liang Bai, Jianglin Fan, and Enqi Liu. "Expression Systems and Species Used for Transgenic Animal Bioreactors." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/580463.

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Transgenic animal bioreactors can produce therapeutic proteins with high value for pharmaceutical use. In this paper, we compared different systems capable of producing therapeutic proteins (bacteria, mammalian cells, transgenic plants, and transgenic animals) and found that transgenic animals were potentially ideal bioreactors for the synthesis of pharmaceutical protein complexes. Compared with other transgenic animal expression systems (egg white, blood, urine, seminal plasma, and silkworm cocoon), the mammary glands of transgenic animals have enormous potential. Compared with other mammalia
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March, David, Valentino Bianco, and Giancarlo Franzese. "Protein Unfolding and Aggregation near a Hydrophobic Interface." Polymers 13, no. 1 (2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010156.

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The behavior of proteins near interfaces is relevant for biological and medical purposes. Previous results in bulk show that, when the protein concentration increases, the proteins unfold and, at higher concentrations, aggregate. Here, we study how the presence of a hydrophobic surface affects this course of events. To this goal, we use a coarse-grained model of proteins and study by simulations their folding and aggregation near an ideal hydrophobic surface in an aqueous environment by changing parameters such as temperature and hydrophobic strength, related, e.g., to ions concentration. We s
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Surówka, K., and D. Żmudziński. "functional properties modification of extruded soy protein concentrate using Neutrase." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 22, No. 5 (2011): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3420-cjfs.

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Enzymic hydrolysis of extruded soy protein concentrate with Neutrase was used for the preparation new soy protein products with modified functional properties. After the determination of optimum values of pH as 6.8; temperature as 50°C, and water addition as 13.3 kg/kg protein, the response surface methodology with enzyme:substrate ratio and time as independent variables was used to establish optimal conditions of the process. Solubility, water holding capacity (WHC), back extrusion work (BEW) as well as emulsifying (BAI, ESI) and foaming (FO) properties were taken as optimisation crit
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Miller, Benjamin F., Christopher A. Wolff, Fredrick F. Peelor, Patrick D. Shipman, and Karyn L. Hamilton. "Modeling the contribution of individual proteins to mixed skeletal muscle protein synthetic rates over increasing periods of label incorporation." Journal of Applied Physiology 118, no. 6 (2015): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00987.2014.

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Advances in stable isotope approaches, primarily the use of deuterium oxide (2H2O), allow for long-term measurements of protein synthesis, as well as the contribution of individual proteins to tissue measured protein synthesis rates. Here, we determined the influence of individual protein synthetic rates, individual protein content, and time of isotopic labeling on the measured synthesis rate of skeletal muscle proteins. To this end, we developed a mathematical model, applied the model to an established data set collected in vivo, and, to experimentally test the impact of different isotopic la
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Suryanty, Melly, and Reswita. "ANALISIS KONSUMSI PANGAN BERBASIS PROTEIN HEWANI DI KABUPATEN LEBONG: PENDEKATAN MODEL AIDS (ALMOST IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM)." Jurnal AGRISEP 15, no. 1 (2016): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.15.1.101-110.

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This paper analyze the food consumtion base-on animal protein in Lebong. The study estimated a demand model for food base-on animal protein by using Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model. It also estimated demand elasticities for different food items by the models. The result show that the demand model for food-based on animal protein can be explained by AIDS models. The model is consistent with demand theory. The coefficient of determination show range from 12.59 percent to 29.36 percent. However, the homogenity test for restriction parameters have not been explained by the model. The estim
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Pastore, Silvana Marques, Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino, Paulo Cezar Gomes, et al. "Digestible threonine-to-lysine ideal ratio for laying hens fed with low-protein diets from 24 to 40 weeks of age." Ciência Rural 46, no. 12 (2016): 2229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20150460.

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ABSTRACT: This trial was performed to determine the dietary digestible threonine-to-lysine (dig. Thr-to-Lys) ideal ratio for laying hens fed with low-protein diets from 24 to 40 weeks of age. At 24 weeks of age, two hundred forty Hy Line W-36 laying hens were randomly assigned to five treatments, represented by five dig Thr-to-Lys ratios (60; 67; 74; 81 and 88%), with eight replicates each one with six hens per experimental unit. Digestible Thr-to-Lys did not affect laying hen performance and egg quality, except for digestible Threonine intake, which showed linear increase as dig. Thr-to-Lys r
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Gomes, Ricardo A., Luís M. A. Oliveira, Mariana Silva, et al. "Protein glycation in vivo: functional and structural effects on yeast enolase." Biochemical Journal 416, no. 3 (2008): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20080632.

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Protein glycation is involved in structure and stability changes that impair protein functionality, which is associated with several human diseases, such as diabetes and amyloidotic neuropathies (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Andrade's syndrome). To understand the relationship of protein glycation with protein dysfunction, unfolding and β-fibre formation, numerous studies have been carried out in vitro. All of these previous experiments were conducted in non-physiological or pseudo-physiological conditions that bear little to no resemblance to what may happen in a living cell. I
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Kaczowka, Steven J., Christopher J. Reuter, Lee A. Talarico, and Julie A. Maupin-Furlow. "Recombinant production ofZymomonas mobilispyruvate decarboxylase in the haloarchaeonHaloferax volcanii." Archaea 1, no. 5 (2005): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/325738.

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The unusual physiological properties of archaea (e.g., growth in extreme salt concentration, temperature and pH) make them ideal platforms for metabolic engineering. Towards the ultimate goal of modifying an archaeon to produce bioethanol or other useful products, the pyruvate decarboxylase gene ofZymomonas mobilis(Zmpdc) was expressed inHaloferax volcanii. This gene has been used successfully to channel pyruvate to ethanol in various Gram-negative bacteria, includingEscherichia coli. Although the ionic strength of theH. volcaniicytosol differs over 15-fold from that ofE. coli, gel filtration
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ideal protein. eng"

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Alva, Juan Carlos Ríos. "Farinha de peixe e rações com proteína de origem vegetal formuladas com base na proteína ideal: desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e análise sensorial de carne de frangos de corte /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95251.

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Orientador: Otto Mack Junqueira<br>Banca: Silvana Martinez Baraldi Artoni<br>Banca: Edvaldo Antonio Garcia<br>Resumo: O experimento foi realizado no Setor de Avicultura da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - campus de Jaboticabal - São Paulo, com o objetivo de avaliar a utilização da farinha de peixe em dietas para frangos de corte, formuladas com base em proteína ideal. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com uma fonte de proteína de origem animal (farinha de peixe), e quatro dietas formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja. Os níveis de proteína bruta (PB)
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Duarte, Karina Ferreira. "Critérios de avaliação das exigências em treonina, triptofano, valina e isoleucina para frangos de corte de 22 a 42 dias de idade /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104970.

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Orientador: Otto Mack Junqueira<br>Banca: Edivaldo Antônio Garcia<br>Banca: Douglas Emygdio de Faria<br>Banca: Rosemeire da Silva Filardi<br>Banca: Silvana Martinez Baraldi Artoni<br>Resumo: Quatro experimentos foram conduzidos no Setor de Avicultura da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - Campus de Jaboticabal- SP, com o objetivo de estabelecer diferentes critérios de avaliação das exigências dos aminoácidos digestíveis treonina, triptofano, valina e isoleucina para frangos de corte de 22 a 42 dias de idade. Em cada experimento foram utilizados 1.920 frangos de corte machos com 22
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Abimorad, Eduardo Gianini. "Digestibilidade e exigência de aminoácidos para juvenis de pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100204.

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Orientador: Dalton José Carneiro<br>Banca: Wilson Massamitu Furuya<br>Banca: Nilva Kazue Sakomura<br>Banca: Margarida Maria Barros<br>Banca: Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati<br>Resumo: Neste estudo foram avaliados os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) dos aminoácidos (AA), proteína e energia de seis alimentos utilizados em dietas para o pacu. Os ingredientes apresentaram altos valores de digestibilidade para todos os aminoácidos e diferenças foram detectadas entre os CDA individuais dos aminoácidos dos alimentos (P<0,01). O glúten de milho, o farelo de soja e a farinha de peixe foram o
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Reis, Renata de Souza. "Relação metionina mais cistina com lisina em dietas para codornas japonesas em postura." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5624.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:54:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 278166 bytes, checksum: ac8bc005df1ef0e6da3abf17c619b10c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-27<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>An experiment was conducted in the poultry sector of aviculture of the animal Science department of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, aiming to establish the methionine plus cystine to lysine to Japanese quail in phase position. 480 female quails were used, with initial age of 65 days, distributed in a completely randomized bloc
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Books on the topic "Ideal protein. eng"

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Mills, Kurt, and Cian O’Driscoll. From Humanitarian Intervention to the Responsibility to Protect. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.440.

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In contrast with humanitarian access or the provision of humanitarian assistance, humanitarian intervention is commonly defined as the threat or use of force by a state to prevent or end widespread and grave violations of the fundamental human rights of individuals other than its own citizens, without the permission of the state within whose territory force is applied. In support of their cause, advocates of humanitarian intervention often draw upon and reference the authority of the notional “just war.” The four main ways by which humanitarian intervention has been connected to the idea of th
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Brick, Howard. The End of Ideology Thesis. Edited by Michael Freeden and Marc Stears. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199585977.013.0033.

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The idea that ‘Western’ politics had witnessed a post-Second World War ‘end of ideology’ carried great weight among mid-twentieth-century liberal European and US intellectuals. Almost as soon as this idea was broadcast, however, it became the object of intense debate: what represented to some a welcome reprieve from ‘extreme’ and destructive political doctrines (‘isms’), and the conflict between them, struck others as an order of complacency that stifled vigorous political debate and meaningful visions of a better future. It remains exceedingly difficult to locate a clear meaning to the phrase
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Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.63.

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This GSoD In Focus Special Brief provides an overview of the state of democracy of Latin America and the Caribbean at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy in the region in 2020. Key findings include: • Democratically, the region was ailing prior to the pandemic, with some countries suffering from democratic erosion or backsliding, others from democratic fragility and weakness. Overall, trust in democracy had been in steady decline in the decade preceding the pandemic. Citizen discontent has c
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Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Europe Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2021.5.

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This GSoD In Focus aims at providing a brief overview of the state of democracy in Europe at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and then assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy in the region in the last 10 months. Key facts and findings include: • The COVID-19 pandemic arrived in a largely democratic Europe. Only 4 countries in the region (10 per cent) are not democracies, while many of the democracies are high performing. • Democracy in Europe, however, has in recent years experienced erosion and backsliding. More than half of Europ
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Taking Stock of Global Democratic Trends Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.66.

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This GSoD In Focus provides a brief overview of the global state of democracy at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy globally in 2020. Key findings include: • To address the COVID-19 pandemic, starting in March 2020, more than half the countries in the world (59 per cent) had declared a national state of emergency (SoE), enabling them to take drastic temporary (and in most cases necessary) measures to fight the pandemic. These measures have included in most cases temporarily curbing basic ci
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Botts, Tina. The Concept of Race and Equal Protection Law. Edited by Naomi Zack. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190236953.013.23.

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As equal protection law develops, the Supreme Court’s concept of race moves from sociocultural/sociohistorical to biological. Concurrently, (1) the academic concept of race moves in the opposite direction, (2) the Court’s understanding of why racial discrimination is problematic changes from how racial discrimination reinforces the badges of slavery to the idea that racial discrimination is problematic per se, and (3) whites begin to become successful at using equal protection law to protect them from “racial discrimination.” One explanation is that this is another example of the divestiture o
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Goldin, Paul. The Art of Chinese Philosophy. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691200798.001.0001.

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This book provides an unmatched introduction to eight of the most important works of classical Chinese philosophy—the Analects of Confucius, Mozi, Mencius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Sunzi, Xunzi, and Han Feizi. The book places these works in rich context that explains the origin and meaning of their compelling ideas. Because none of these classics was written in its current form by the author to whom it is attributed, the book begins by asking, “What are we reading?” and showing that understanding the textual history of the works enriches our appreciation of them. A chapter is devoted to each of the ei
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Lawson, Stephanie. 17. Security and Insecurity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198704386.003.0018.

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This chapter examines traditional concepts of security and insecurity in the realm of international politics. It first considers Thomas Hobbes's account of the state of nature and the emergence of the power politics approach to security as worked out by Hans Morgenthau and his successors. It then discusses the evolution of security thinking through to the end of the Cold War, ideas about collective security as embodied in the United Nations and the nature of security cooperation in Europe through NATO. It also explores some pressing security challenges in the post-Cold War period and the broad
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Cabeza, Laura, and Mónica Egido. Mosaicos económicos. Género y economía. Edited by Esther B. del Brío González. Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/0ee0006.

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Este libro nace con la voluntad de contribuir a la divulgación de resultados de la investigación científica en economía entre lectores de otras disciplinas y el público en general. La comunicación de los avances de la economía y la administración de empresas a través de imágenes y mensajes cortos permite que la relación y la comunicación entre la Universidad y la sociedad sea más fluida. Trasladar mensajes económicos a través de imágenes es un campo poco explorado en la actualidad, pero debe ser un camino a considerar, dado el dinamismo y la rapidez con la que se mueve la información en el sig
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Nieman, Donald G. Promises to Keep. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071639.001.0001.

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This book examines the influence of race in the development of the US Constitution and argues that African Americans have had a powerful influence creating constitutional rights. It examines the debate over slavery in the Revolutionary era and at the Constitutional Convention and how antislavery advocates, black and white, created constitutional ideas that promoted equality, and their role in ending slavery, securing adoption of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments, and establishing civil rights protections during Reconstruction. By 1900, southern whites had reversed most of th
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Book chapters on the topic "Ideal protein. eng"

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He, Wenliang, Peng Li, and Guoyao Wu. "Amino Acid Nutrition and Metabolism in Chickens." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54462-1_7.

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AbstractBoth poultry meat and eggs provide high-quality animal protein [containing sufficient amounts and proper ratios of amino acids (AAs)] for human consumption and, therefore, play an important role in the growth, development, and health of all individuals. Because there are growing concerns about the suboptimal efficiencies of poultry production and its impact on environmental sustainability, much attention has been paid to the formulation of low-protein diets and precision nutrition through the addition of low-cost crystalline AAs or alternative sources of animal-protein feedstuffs. This necessitates a better understanding of AA nutrition and metabolism in chickens. Although historic nutrition research has focused on nutritionally essential amino acids (EAAs) that are not synthesized or are inadequately synthesized in the body, increasing evidence shows that the traditionally classified nutritionally nonessential amino acids (NEAAs), such as glutamine and glutamate, have physiological and regulatory roles other than protein synthesis in chicken growth and egg production. In addition, like other avian species, chickens do not synthesize adequately glycine or proline (the most abundant AAs in the body but present in plant-source feedstuffs at low content) relative to their nutritional and physiological needs. Therefore, these two AAs must be sufficient in poultry diets. Animal proteins (including ruminant meat &amp; bone meal and hydrolyzed feather meal) are abundant sources of both glycine and proline in chicken nutrition. Clearly, chickens (including broilers and laying hens) have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs to achieve their maximum productivity and maintain optimum health particularly under adverse conditions such as heat stress and disease. This is a paradigm shift in poultry nutrition from the 70-year-old “ideal protein” concept that concerned only about EAAs to the focus of functional AAs that include both EAAs and NEAAs.
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Ingale, Arun G. "Prediction of Structural and Functional Aspects of Protein." In Pharmaceutical Sciences. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1762-7.ch021.

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To predict the structure of protein from a primary amino acid sequence is computationally difficult. An investigation of the methods and algorithms used to predict protein structure and a thorough knowledge of the function and structure of proteins are critical for the advancement of biology and the life sciences as well as the development of better drugs, higher-yield crops, and even synthetic bio-fuels. To that end, this chapter sheds light on the methods used for protein structure prediction. This chapter covers the applications of modeled protein structures and unravels the relationship between pure sequence information and three-dimensional structure, which continues to be one of the greatest challenges in molecular biology. With this resource, it presents an all-encompassing examination of the problems, methods, tools, servers, databases, and applications of protein structure prediction, giving unique insight into the future applications of the modeled protein structures. In this chapter, current protein structure prediction methods are reviewed for a milieu on structure prediction, the prediction of structural fundamentals, tertiary structure prediction, and functional imminent. The basic ideas and advances of these directions are discussed in detail.
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Ingale, Arun G. "Prediction of Structural and Functional Aspects of Protein." In Advances in Secure Computing, Internet Services, and Applications. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4940-8.ch016.

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To predict the structure of protein from a primary amino acid sequence is computationally difficult. An investigation of the methods and algorithms used to predict protein structure and a thorough knowledge of the function and structure of proteins are critical for the advancement of biology and the life sciences as well as the development of better drugs, higher-yield crops, and even synthetic bio-fuels. To that end, this chapter sheds light on the methods used for protein structure prediction. This chapter covers the applications of modeled protein structures and unravels the relationship between pure sequence information and three-dimensional structure, which continues to be one of the greatest challenges in molecular biology. With this resource, it presents an all-encompassing examination of the problems, methods, tools, servers, databases, and applications of protein structure prediction, giving unique insight into the future applications of the modeled protein structures. In this chapter, current protein structure prediction methods are reviewed for a milieu on structure prediction, the prediction of structural fundamentals, tertiary structure prediction, and functional imminent. The basic ideas and advances of these directions are discussed in detail.
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Patberg, Markus. "Destituent Power." In Constituent Power in the European Union. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845218.003.0007.

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This chapter takes up the public narrative of ‘We, the multitude of Europe’, which suggests that the only hope for progressive change in the EU lies in a politics of disruption, and asks whether this idea can be defended based on a systematic model. To that end, it resorts to the political theory of destituent power, according to which opposition to or withdrawal from public authority can function as a legitimate trigger for constitutional change. Distinguishing between anti-juridical and juridical conceptions of destituent power, the chapter discusses to what extent the disruptive political strategies put forward by protest movements in the EU can be regarded as justifiable. Focusing on the juridical strand as the more plausible one, it argues that ideas of destituent power as ‘state civil disobedience’ run into a problem of authorization. By contrast, popular sovereignty-based approaches illuminate a neglected dimension of constituent power: the right to dismantle public authorities without the intention to create new ones. While such a model of destituent power in part captures the actions and demands of EU protest movements, it can only complement, not replace, the constructive side of constituent power.
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Cohen-Almagor, Raphael. "The End of Self-Regulation: On the Role of Internet Intermediaries in Countering Terror." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series – E: Human and Societal Dynamics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nhsdp200087.

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Terrorism is a significant concern worldwide. Criminals, jihadists, and terrorists are quick to use technology to protect their anonymity, privacy, modes of operation, and secret antisocial plans. They adapt to new innovations and exploit any technological advantages as means to ends. Clandestine operations are used to raise funds. Criminals, jihadists, and terrorists are working in international cells and rings that contest geographical boundaries and that require large resources and international security cooperation to obstruct their activities. Addressing these cross-country challenges require cross-country cooperation. The aim of this essay is to analyze the role of Internet intermediaries in countering online terror. I argue that Internet intermediaries can and should do far more than what they do to proactively fight online terrorism and that self-regulation is not effective enough. It is time for governments to step in and to protect vulnerable third parties by demanding that Internet intermediaries be vigilant and proactive in fighting terror. The idea of a new browser, CleaNet, is proposed to ensure a safe environment for Net users and for society at large.
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Moll, Don, and Edward O. Moll. "River Turtle Exploitation: Past and Present." In The Ecology, Exploitation and Conservation of River Turtles. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195102291.003.0008.

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Turtles and their eggs have long served as an important source of food for humans—almost certainly since very early in the evolution of the hominid lineage, and surely for at least the last 20,000 years (Nicholls, 1977). Evidence in the form of shells and skeletal material (some showing burn marks as evidence of cooking) in the middens of Paleolithic aboriginal cultures, and from eyewitness accounts of explorer-naturalists in more recent times is available from numerous locations around the world (e.g., Bates, 1863; St. Cricq, 1874; Goode, 1967; Rhodin, 1992, 1995; Pritchard, 1994; Lee, 1996; Stiner et al., 1999). Skeletal evidence of river turtles, in particular from such locations as Mohenjodaro and Harappa in the Indus Valley (e.g., Indian narrow-headed softshells and river terrapins), Mayapan, and many other Mesoamerican Mayan sites (e.g., Central American river turtles), and Naga ed-Der of Upper Ancient Egypt (e.g., Nile softshell) suggest that river turtles have helped to support the rise of the world's great civilizations as well (de Treville, 1975; Nath, 1959 in Groombridge &amp; Wright, 1982; Das, 1991; Lee, 1996). Their role continues and, in fact, has expanded as human populations have burgeoned and spread throughout the modern world. River turtles have always been too convenient and succulent a source of protein to ignore. Often large, fecund, and easily collected with simple techniques and equipment, especially in communal nesters which may concentrate at nesting sites in helpless thousands (at least formerly), river turtles are ideal prey. Much of the harvesting has been, and continues to be, conducted in relative obscurity in many parts of the world. Occasionally, however, the sheer magnitude of the resource and its slaughter has attracted the attention of literate observers, such as the early explorer-naturalists of the New and Old World tropics. Their accounts have given us some idea of the former truly spectacular abundance of some riverine species, and the equally spectacular levels of consistent exploitation which have brought them to their modern, much-diminished condition. Summaries of the exploitation of the two best documented examples of destruction of formerly abundant riverine species, the Asian river terrapin, and the giant South American river turtle, are provided under their appropriate geographic sections below.
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Segosebe, Eagilwe M. "The Development of the Environmental Impact Assessment Process in Botswana." In Advances in Geospatial Technologies. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3440-2.ch022.

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The desire to protect the natural environment and the resources it hosts is at the core of every country's ambition to achieve long-term sustainable development. Yet, the history of development shows that environmental protection always came about as an after the fact activity. Nations around the world, including the industrial countries, most of the time reacted to adverse impacts of the environment rather than acting proactively to prevent undesirable outcomes of development. The 1970s decade is seen as a watermark in the development of legislation aimed at protecting the environment particularly in the developed world. This development and requirement to have projects subjected to environmental impact assessments spread to developing countries like Botswana in the 1980s. Botswana embraced the ideal to protect the environment to achieve sustainable development. Toward this end, the government of Botswana carried out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) on major projects voluntarily, even before the passing of the maiden EIA Act of 2005 and its supplement of 2011 and accompanying guidelines in 2012. After this and particularly in the 1990s, Botswana rigorously pursued its position on the international terrain where the country signed and ratified some international conventions and protocols. This chapter concludes by suggesting that the next area of focus for Botswana is on monitoring the outcomes of projects for which EIAs have been conducted.
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Segosebe, Eagilwe M. "The Development of the Environmental Impact Assessment Process in Botswana." In Developing Eco-Cities Through Policy, Planning, and Innovation. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0441-3.ch002.

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The desire to protect the natural environment and the resources it hosts is at the core of every country's ambition to achieve long-term sustainable development. Yet, the history of development shows that environmental protection always came about as an after the fact activity. Nations around the world, including the industrial countries, most of the time reacted to adverse impacts of the environment rather than acting proactively to prevent undesirable outcomes of development. The 1970s decade is seen as a watermark in the development of legislation aimed at protecting the environment particularly in the developed world. This development and requirement to have projects subjected to environmental impact assessments spread to developing countries like Botswana in the 1980s. Botswana embraced the ideal to protect the environment to achieve sustainable development. Toward this end, the government of Botswana carried out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) on major projects voluntarily, even before the passing of the maiden EIA Act of 2005 and its supplement of 2011 and accompanying guidelines in 2012. After this and particularly in the 1990s, Botswana rigorously pursued its position on the international terrain where the country signed and ratified some international conventions and protocols. This chapter concludes by suggesting that the next area of focus for Botswana is on monitoring the outcomes of projects for which EIAs have been conducted.
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Buchanan, Ruaridh, and Armine Sefton. "Mechanism of Action of Antimicrobial Agents." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0053.

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Antibacterial and antifungal agents aim to kill pathogens, or at the very least incapacitate them. To achieve this aim these agents must have a reasonable degree of toxicity at the cellular level. If this toxicity was equally manifest against all cell types then the drugs would be unusable in patients as the side effect profile would be unacceptably severe. Selective toxicity, whereby the agents are orders of magnitude more toxic to bacteria or fungi than human cells, allows for the safe and effective administration of these agents to patients. There are a number of different mechanisms by which an antimicrobial agent can yield selective toxicity: ● Target a cellular structure that exists only in bacteria/fungi—e.g. the cell wall; ● Target a cellular structure that has a significantly different structure in bacteria/ fungi— e.g. the ribosome; the fungal cell membrane; ● Target cellular enzymes that are significantly different in bacteria/fungi e.g. topoisomerase; ● Target a synthetic pathway that exists only in bacteria e.g. folate synthesis. Broadly, antibacterial drugs can be divided into the following categories: ● Agents that target the cell wall; ● Agents that target the cell membrane; ● Agents that inhibit protein synthesis; ● Agents that inhibit DNA replication/ transcription of RNA; ● Agents that target folate synthesis; ● Agents that directly damage intracellular structures. The cell wall is unique to bacteria, and therefore an ideal target. Disrupting the complex cross-linking process required to produce the cell wall leads to loss of bacterial cell integrity and therefore to cell death. The following classes of antibiotics target the cell wall: The first class to be discovered, and still in many cases the most effective, incorporates the four-membered beta-lactam ring—its homology to d-alanyl-d-alanine allows beta-lactam-containing compounds to bind to cell wall peptidoglycans and act as chain terminators. The beta-lactam ring is fused to a five-membered sulphur-containing ring. Variations in side chains account for the differing pharmacokinetics and spectra of action of the different compounds—for example, the addition of an amino group to benzylpenicillin produces ampicillin.
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Dow, Katharine. "Origin Stories." In Making a Good Life. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167480.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the importance of ideas of nature to how people in Spey Bay think about the relationship between maternal bonding and gender differences in parenting. It begins by outlining two women's experiences of giving birth that illustrate their ambivalence about medical and technological intervention in the birth process and, specifically, the importance of naturalness, knowledge, and care in their aspirations for a good birth. It then considers the ethics of care and responsibility in parenthood, along with people's experiences and observations about the maternal bond and specifically its relationship to bodily experience. In discussing maternal bonding, people were rarely specific about which particular aspects of biological motherhood led to the formation of a maternal bond. In seeking to protect “nature” and “natural” reproduction, people can end up protecting and reproducing established norms of gender and sexuality.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ideal protein. eng"

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Dalet, Corinne, Olivier Lottin, Gae¨l Maranzana, and Mouad Diny. "Criteria for Characterizing the Performances of Fuel Cell Humidifiers: Theoretical Approach and Experimental Results." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65182.

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In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), humidification of reactant gases must be carefully optimized. Extremes in humidity levels at the low end (membrane dehydratation) and at the high end of the range (cathode flooding) can seriously reduce PEMFC performances. Various devices already exist to humidify and to adjust the temperature of gas streams. Criteria for the evaluation of their performances depend on the technology and/or differ from one manufacturer to the other, which makes comparison difficult. A fortiori, there is no consensus regarding their ideal values and no general met
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Tan, Taide, and Yitung Chen. "Numerical Investigation of Oxide Layer Growth of Stainless Steel LBE at a Mesoscopic Level." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67961.

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The corrosiveness of LBE, as an ideal coolant candidate in reactors and accelerator driven systems (ADS), presents a critical challenge for safe applications. One of the effective ways to protect the materials is to form and maintain a protective oxide film along the structural material surfaces by active oxygen control technology. The oxidation process of metals in lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) environment is investigated numerically at a mesoscopic scale. An improved stochastic cellular automaton model based on an improved Moore neighborhood is proposed to investigate the development of a cont
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Panin, A., I. Arzhantseva та V. Murasheva. "МЕТОДЫ СОГЛАСОВАНИЯ ВАРИАЦИЙ И АСТРОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ МАРКЕРОВ В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ АРХЕОЛОГИИ". У Радиоуглерод в археологии и палеоэкологии: прошлое, настоящее, будущее. Материалы международной конференции, посвященной 80-летию старшего научного сотрудника ИИМК РАН, кандидата химических наук Ганны Ивановны Зайцевой. Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-91867-213-6-62-63.

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Application of the modifications of the radiocarbon method are presented that allowed accurate dating of archaeological sites of the 1st millennium AD. The use of wiggle-match dating on tree rings from the excavations of the settlement of Gnezdovo on the upper Dnieper made it possible to date the foundation of the settlement to the end of the 8th century AD, a century older than previously existing ideas. Identification in tree rings of the AD 775 solar proton event («Miyake event») made it possible to date the construction of the walls of the ancient Uigur complex Por-Bajin with an accuracy o
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Guo, Jiusheng, Wen-Chung Huang, and Bor Z. Jang. "A New Highly-Efficient Direct Methanol Fuel Cell." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97116.

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Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) is often viewed as an ideal power source for microelectronics and portable devices such as cell phone, laptop computer, and sensor, etc. However, the drawbacks in conventional DMFC (e.g., methanol crossover through the proton exchange membrane and the low concentration of methanol and water mixture) impede the wide commercial applications of DMFC due to the dissatisfactory electrical output. Moreover, the complex system configuration in conventional DMFC increases fuel cell weight, size, and cost and also reduces the system reliability. In this paper, an innova
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Devarakonda, Murthy, and Jennifer Biedscheid. "Safe and Compliant Nuclear Waste Management: What Does It Really Mean?" In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4854.

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Nuclear waste management is a complex and contentious issue in all parts of the world, involving social, political, technical, and economic interests, and generating a reaction of public suspicion and mistrust in most cases. Not surprisingly, the end goal for all parties involved in the nuclear waste management debate is identical: the safe disposition of the waste in compliance with governing regulations. The governing regulations, in turn, are intended primarily to protect public health and the environment, not just in the present, but well into the future, given the long-lived nature of man
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Ou, Junjie, Shuwen Wang, Carolyn L. Ren, and Janusz Pawliszyn. "Preparation of Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Chip-Based Cartridge for Isoelectric Focusing and Whole-Channel Imaging Detection." In 2008 Second International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/micronano2008-70303.

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A poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic chip-based cartridge was fabricated by sandwiching commercial dialysis membrane and inserting fused-silica capillary into the end of channel according to the principle and structure of a commercial fused-silicon capillary-based cartridge, which can adapt to an IEF analyzer for isoelectric focusing with whole channel imaging detection (IEF-WCID). The novel design of sandwiching membrane in this chip not only eliminated the unfavorable hydrodynamic pressure, leading to poor IEF reproducibility, but made the sample injection much easy. Thus the reprodu
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Kasahara, Naoto, Takashi Wakai, Izumi Nakamura, Takuya Sato, and Masakazu Ichimiya. "Application of Fracture Control to Mitigate Failure Consequence Under BDBE." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21072.

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Abstract As a lesson learned from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, the industry recognized the imporatance of mitigating accident consequences after Beyond Design Basis Events (BDBE). We propose the concept of applying fracture control to mitigate failure consequences of nuclear components under BDBE. Requirements are different between Design Basis Events (DBE) and BDBE. In the case of DBE, it requires preventing occurrence of failures, and thus, its structural approach is strengthening. On the other hand, BDBE requires mitigating failure consequences. The simple strengthening appro
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Rink, T. J. "CALCIUM IN PLATELET ACTIVATION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644772.

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Studies with calcium ionophores, permeabilised platelets, and platelets containing fluorescent calcium indicators quin2 and fura-2 have shown that elevation [Ca2+]i is an effective trigger for shape-change, aggregation, secretion and release of TxA2; and that elevation of [Ca2+]i is an important part of a complex “activation cascade” set up by natural agonists combining with their surface receptors. We have used calcium ionophores to impose [Ca2+]i changes, monitored by indicator dyes, to construct [Ca2+]i/function relationships for shape-change, secretion, aggregation, arachidonic acid releas
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Barnett, Ralph L., and Theodore Liber. "Standard Chain Lever Load Binder." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88139.

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The standard chain lever load binder that is used for truck cargo securement operates on an over-center principle that has been used for over a century on suitcases, tool boxes and camera cases. The safety hazards associated with the uses and misuses of the load binder were identified decades ago and various inventors patented innovations that eliminated or mitigated the safety shortcomings. Furthermore, their ideas were not only effective, they were economical, versatile, and efficient. These patents are now in the public domain and many companies manufacture and/or distribute entire lines of
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MattaraChalill, Subin, Chinnapalaniandi Periasamy, Pillai Nandakumar, and Ram Karthikeyan. "Interpretation and Analysis About Energy Savings in Commercial Green Houses Using Custom-Made Shadenets As Well As Thermal Reflective Screens." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71560.

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Greenhouses are known to be the modern outlook for the agronomical industry in terms of high-end yield especially in the regions where climatic conditions are not stable like in the Middle East, Europe, and United States. Crop optimization is one of the major challenges facing the farmers and the controlled production centers can dictate this difficulty in the upcoming market. Greenhouses are considered as the high -tech production centers which can support the food industry to have a green revolution through the mass production of the vegetables and spices. Properly designed commercial greenh
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