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Campos, Alfredo. "Self-Ideal Congruence as Measure of Self-Esteem." Psychological Reports 58, no. 3 (1986): 729–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.3.729.
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This study concerned whether self-ideal congruence correlates with general self-esteem and what aspects of self-esteem are better measured by the self-ideal congruence. For 25 men and 82 women ( M age = 21 yr.) self-ideal congruence correlated (-.28 to -.48) with general self-esteem and measured Sociability and Social Intelligence better (.34 to .42).
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Han, Jeongsoo, Mina Jun, Miyea Kim, and Sookyoung Key. "Influence of Congruency between Ideal Self and Brand Image on Sustainable Happiness." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 4076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114076.
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Building on the Sustainable Happiness Model, this study examines how congruency between ideal self-concepts and brand image influences a sense of happiness. The findings show that when the ideal self-image and the ideal social self-image are congruent with brand image, a sense of happiness can be enhanced through brand identification and positive emotions. An additional two-mediation analysis confirms that there are full mediation effects of brand identification and positive emotions between ideal self/ideal social self-brand congruency and happiness. This study contributes to the literature as it reveals the mechanism of how congruency between ideal self-concepts and brand image positively affects happiness. In addition, this study also provides useful insights for business practitioners as previous studies suggest that enhancing consumer well-being helps increase firms’ long-term sustainability in many ways.
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Mackowiak, Robert, Kristen M. Lucibello, Jenna D. Gilchrist, and Catherine M. Sabiston. "Examination of Actual and Ideal Body-Related Characteristics and Body-Related Pride in Adult Males." American Journal of Men's Health 13, no. 5 (2019): 155798831987464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988319874642.
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Body image concerns are becoming more prevalent in males. Discrepancies between actual and ideal body muscularity and thinness have been studied from a pathological perspective whereby perceiving the body as discrepant from an internalized ideal is associated with body dissatisfaction, negative emotions, and harmful body-altering behaviors. It is unclear if agreement among actual and ideal self-perceptions is associated with positive emotion in males. The present study examined the associations between actual and ideal congruence and discrepancies in muscularity and thinness, and two facets of pride (i.e., authentic and hubristic pride) in male adults. Participants ( n = 294; Mage = 34.80 years; MBMI = 27.31 kg/m2) completed a cross-sectional self-report survey. Results from polynomial regressions indicated that actual and ideal self-perceptions of muscularity and thinness were significant predictors of both authentic ( R2 = .37 and .20) and hubristic pride ( R2 = .33 and .19), respectively. Response surface values demonstrated that extremely high or low scores that were congruent for muscularity ( a2 = .35 and .40) and thinness ( a2 = .18 and .18) perceptions were associated with higher reports of authentic and hubristic pride. These findings demonstrated that congruence in actual and ideal self-perceptions contribute to feelings of pride, suggesting interventions that promote actual and ideal self-perception congruence may be important for fostering positive emotional experiences in males.
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Japutra, Arnold, Yuksel Ekinci, Lyndon Simkin, and Bang Nguyen. "The role of ideal self-congruence and brand attachment in consumers’ negative behaviour." European Journal of Marketing 52, no. 3/4 (2018): 683–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-06-2016-0318.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of ideal self-congruence in instigating two types of negative consumer behaviours – compulsive buying and external trash-talking – and the mediating role of brand attachment on these relationships. Design/methodology/approach Two studies were designed using a structural equation modelling methodology. Study 1a was based on a mail survey of 280 respondents, whereas Study 1b was based on an electronic survey of 152 respondents. Study 1b was conducted to test the external validity of the research model. Findings In Study 1a, ideal self-congruence affects emotional brand attachment and in turn emotional brand attachment affects compulsive buying behaviour and external trash-talking. The mediation analysis indicates that emotional brand attachment mediates the relationships. Study 1b offers support to the results of Study 1a. Practical implications From a practical point of view, this study is useful for policymakers seeking to regulate and prevent excessive consumerism. For marketers, they should understand that brand attachment leads to compulsive buying and external trash-talking, which may provide immediate benefit for the brand or the firm. However, marketers should understand that these two negative behaviours may harm the firm image and consumers’ well-being in the long run. Social implications Apart from practical implications, firms should consider alleviating compulsive buying, as it is harmful to society. Similarly, excessive external trash-talking may lead to physical aggression. Consumers expect firms to be socially responsible. Thus, firms should start conducting activities that promote responsible shopping and reduce external trash-talking. Originality/value The study highlights a dark side of ideal self-congruence and brand attachment. The results suggest that ideal self-congruence with the help of emotional brand attachment predicts compulsive buying behaviour and external trash-talking. This may not only damage brand image but also the consumers’ well-being.
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Wang, Weisha, Cheng-Hao Steve Chen, Bang Nguyen, and Paurav Shukla. "Collaboration between East and West: influence of consumer dialectical self on attitude towards co-brand personality traits." International Marketing Review 37, no. 6 (2020): 1155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-01-2019-0012.
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PurposeWith rising globalization, Western and Eastern brands are increasingly collaborating and co-branding. Drawing on the theory of dialectical self that captures the degree of cognitive tendency to tolerate conflicts, inconsistencies and ambiguities in self-concept, this paper investigates the effect of consumer dialectical self on co-branding that encompasses Western and East Asian cultural brand personality traits.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies were conducted using Chinese participants to examine the effects of the dialectical self on co-brand evaluation under single-and dual-personality conditions and to explore the mediating role of ideal social self-congruence and the moderating role of product type (high vs low conspicuous).FindingsThe findings suggest that counterintuitive to the received wisdom, the dialectical self negatively influences one's attitude towards a co-brand in the dual-personality condition only. Further, ideal social self-congruence mediates the relationship between the dialectical self and dual-personality co-brand evaluation in the high conspicuous product condition only.Practical implicationsImportant implications are offered to international marketing managers for managing the dialectical self that lead to positive co-brand evaluations. Moreover, managers should highlight ideal social self-congruence for co-branding success for particular product types.Originality/valueThis paper examines co-branding from a novel perspective of consumer dialectical self and shows the pivotal role it plays when brands carry varying cultural traits engage in co-branding. By identifying the role of the dialectical self and the important mediator and moderator, the paper fulfils an important gap in co-branding literature and offers key implications.
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Huang, Yu-Shan (Sandy), Yao-Chin Wang, and Pei-Jou Kuo. "Face Gain and Face Loss in Restaurant Consumers’ Brand Advocate Behaviors." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 43, no. 3 (2018): 395–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348018813733.
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Face plays a key role in guiding consumers’ consumptions in social settings. The purpose of this research is to understand how the desire to gain face and the fear to lose face affect consumers’ self-brand congruence and brand advocate behaviors toward their favorite restaurant brands. Using structural equation modeling to analyze the survey data, the results indicated (1) that ideal-self attainability encouraged the desire to gain face while discouraging the fear to lose face, (2) that the desire to gain face exerted positive effects on positive word-of-mouth and negative avoidance through actual self-brand congruence, and (3) that the fear to lose face exerted negative effects on positive word-of-mouth through actual self-brand congruence.
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Chang, Chingching. "Ideal Self-Image Congruency as a Motivator for Smoking: The Moderating Effects of Personality Traits." Health Communication 22, no. 1 (2007): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10410230701310240.
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Al-Hoorie, Ali H. "Unconscious motivation. Part II: Implicit attitudes and L2 achievement." Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 6, no. 4 (2016): 619–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2016.6.4.4.
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This paper investigates the attitudinal/motivational predictors of second language (L2) academic achievement. Young adult learners of English as a foreign language (N = 311) completed several self-report measures and the Single-Target Implicit Association Test. Examination of the motivational profiles of high and low achievers revealed that attachment to the L1 community and the ought-to L2 self were negatively associated with achievement, while explicit attitudes toward the L2 course and implicit attitudes toward L2 speakers were positively associated with it. The relationship between implicit attitudes and achievement could not be explained either by social desirability or by other cognitive confounds, and remained significant after controlling for explicit self-report measures. Explicit–implicit congruence also revealed a similar pattern, in that congruent learners were more open to the L2 community and obtained higher achievement. The results also showed that neither the ideal L2 self nor intended effort had any association with actual L2 achievement, and that intended effort was particularly prone to social desirability biases. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Castro, Lorena, and Jose Marquez. "The use of Facebook to explore self-concept: analysing Colombian consumers." Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal 20, no. 1 (2017): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qmr-12-2015-0086.
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Purpose This research aims to explore the way companies can use social network sites, in particular Facebook, to understand the elements of the actual and ideal-selves of their target market. An important issue is whether the brand’s personality should match consumers’ actual or ideal-self; this complex decision depends on specific characteristics of target markets and products. Design/methodology/approach Photo-elicitation and in-depth interviews were carried out and applied to 15 interviewees. This exploratory phase seeks to broaden the understanding of the phenomenon clarifying important concepts through the users’ rich descriptions and explanations. A primary exploratory qualitative research is conducted, as there is only little information available to answer the research question. Secondary data have also been used to support or contrast the findings with those made by other authors Findings The results indicate that Facebook users construct their virtual identity with elements from both the actual and the ideal-self, although they predominantly stress those aspects, which make them look more socially desirable. Each Facebook feature is used with different intentions, and that is why different elements of the self can be extracted from each. Practical implications Companies can enhance emotional connections with consumers by applying “self-congruence”, which refers to the correspondence between the consumer’s self-concept and the brand’s personality. Originality/value To analyse the empirical findings, the paper draws on the self-concept, brand personality and self-congruence theory. More particularly, on Facebook representations and its relationship with the way people think about them and the manner in which they are expressed.
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Wallace, Elaine, Isabel Buil, and Sara Catalán. "Facebook and luxury fashion brands: self-congruent posts and purchase intentions." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 24, no. 4 (2020): 571–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-09-2019-0215.
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PurposeThis study explores consumers' self-congruence with luxury fashion brands they mention on Facebook. It investigates the extent to which those brands are congruent with the actual self (ASC) or the ideal self (ISC), and whether ASC or ISC of luxury fashion brands on Facebook predicts purchase intention. It also examines trait antecedents of both ASC and ISC Facebook mentions of luxury fashion brands, specifically materialism, self-monitoring and self-esteem.Design/methodology/approachFindings are presented from a survey of Facebook users who mention luxury fashion brands on the social medium.FindingsSelf-esteem was revealed as an antecedent of ASC luxury fashion brands mentioned on Facebook, while materialism and high self-monitoring predicted ISC luxury fashion brands. Only ASC luxury fashion brands mentioned online were positively associated with purchase intention.Research limitations/implicationsResults are exploratory, and they are limited to those who are active Facebook users and who mention a luxury fashion brand on Facebook.Practical implicationsThe study offers implications for managers of luxury fashion brands seeking to utilise Facebook to enhance the purchase intention for their brands or to increase the idealisation of the brand.Originality/valueThe paper provides new insights into the relationship between self-congruent mentions of luxury fashion brands on Facebook and purchase intention of those brands, distinguishing between ISC and ASC. This research also offers valuable and useful insights into ISC and ASC antecedents.
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Ryan, William S., and Richard M. Ryan. "Toward a Social Psychology of Authenticity: Exploring Within-Person Variation in Autonomy, Congruence, and Genuineness Using Self-Determination Theory." Review of General Psychology 23, no. 1 (2019): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000162.
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Authenticity entails autonomy, congruence, and genuineness. In this article, we use a self-determination theory framework to discuss a critical aspect of social environments that facilitates these aspects of authenticity, namely the experience of autonomy support. Although authenticity is often studied as a trait or individual difference, we review research demonstrating that authenticity varies within individuals and predicts variations in well-being. Next, we show that perceiving autonomy support within a relational context is associated with people feeling more authentic and more like their ideal selves and displaying constellations of Big 5 personality traits indicative of greater wellness in that context. To explore another important part of authenticity, being genuine in interactions with others, we review evidence linking autonomy support to situational variation in identity disclosure among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. This research suggests that perceiving autonomy support within a context or relationship helps lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals be more open about their sexual orientation and identity, which in turn affords greater opportunities for the satisfaction of not only autonomy, but competence and relatedness needs as well, facilitating well-being. We conclude by highlighting future directions in the study of authenticity’s dynamic nature, and the importance of the situation in its expression and its relation to well-being.
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Hikmah, Muthia Noor, and Muhammad Syafiq. "Perubahan Diri Narapidana Pembunuhan Berencana." Jurnal Psikologi Teori dan Terapan 6, no. 1 (2015): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v6n1.p35-49.
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This study was aimed to explain the self-concept of a prisoner who jailed for premeditated murder and factors that influence self changes. A qualitative approach with a case study method was used. One participant and three significant others were involved in this study. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using Thematic Analysis (TA). The result of this study indicates that there is a change of participant’s self-concept as the impacts of his murder act and his imprisonment. Before the murder case, the participant experienced some degrees of incongruence between actual and ideal self. After the murder case and his life in prison, the participant’s self incongruence tends to decrease. There are several factors that influence the participant’s self-congruence, namely: social supports they received both psychologically and materially from relatives and friends, the ability to learn from his past experience, having self-acceptance and gratitude shown by accepting the punishment and sentence in the prison, and good adjustment during his life in prison. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran konsep diri dan faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi perubahan diri pada seorang narapidana kasus pembunuhan berencana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Tematik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan konsep diri pada subjek antara sebelum dan setelah melakukan pembunuhan. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya perubahan konsep diri. Sebelum melakukan pembunuhan, subjek memiliki kecenderungan inkongruensi yang lebar antara diri yang diidealkan (ideal self) dan diri nyata (actual self). Namun, setelah melakukan pembunuhan justru konsep diri subjek cenderung mendekati kongruensi karena tindakan pembunuhan yang telah dilakukan berhasil mengurangi diskrepansi antara diri ideal dan diri nyata. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perunahan konsep diri subjek, yaitu adanya dukungan yang diterima secara psikologis dan materiil dari orang-orang terdekat, kemampuan mengambil pelajaran dari pengalaman masa lalu, adanya penerimaan diri, serta kemampuan penyesuaian diri yang baik selama menjalani hukuman di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan.
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Upamannyu, Nischay Kumar, Garima Mathur, and S. S. Bhakar. "The Connection between Self concept (Actual self Congruence & Ideal Self congruence) on Brand Preferences." International Journal of Management Excellence 3, no. 1 (2014): 308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/ijme.v3i1.118.
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Self concept has been a very important concept in consumer behavior and it gives the central idea to the Marketing people in the market place, Academician and business student to understand the bases to evaluate the self concept. The extensive previous research work gave very important conceptual answer to implement new marketing strategy. A different class of customer can be shot in the marketplace. These are the customers who buy product while evaluating the product self-image, product/brand image and their congruity and then they set their minds to buy the products in the market. The purpose of the research is to explore the self concept dimensions to examine the self congruity relationship with brand preference. Relationships between constructs (actual self congruity, ideal self congruity and brand preference) were hypothesized and data were collected through survey Method. The perceptions of 400 respondents about their self congruity with brand preference were obtained for two types of product usage (‘Mobile phone’ as conspicuous and ‘Bathing soaps’ as inconspicuous) with Seven brands in each type. The moderating role of ‘type of product usage (Conspicuous and inconspicuous)’ was examined in the relationship between actual/ideal self congruity and brand preference.
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Lee, Jieun, Junghyun Kim, and Jinhyun Yu. "Effects of Congruence of Product, Visual Image, and Consumer Self-Image on Art Infusion Advertising." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 43, no. 10 (2015): 1725–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.10.1725.
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Although previous researchers have reported that use of visual art in advertising induces more positive responses in consumers than does no art, which variables are important in inducing these responses has been largely unexamined. We investigated the moderating effects on advertising of the congruence between product and visual image, and also the congruence between visual image and self-image. The sample consisted of 228 university students in Korea and the results showed that the students experienced stronger purchase intention when exposed to art infusion advertising with high levels of advertisement–product congruence and advertisement–self-image congruence than they did when the levels of congruence were low. Further, we found that positive emotion mediated the effects of art infusion advertising on attitude toward advertising only for a hedonic product, and that consumer response to art infusion advertising differed according to product type.
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Wu, Shuhui, Minglun Ren, Abdul Hameed Pitafi, and Tahir Islam. "Self-Image Congruence, Functional Congruence, and Mobile App Intention to Use." Mobile Information Systems 2020 (December 12, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5125238.
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Although the research on the technology acceptance model (TAM) has received much attention, limited research has been done on the role of self-image congruence on the mobile application (app) intention to use. Therefore, leveraging the lens of the self-congruence theory, the primary objective of the present research is to examine the impact of self-image and functional congruence on the mobile app intention to use. We conduct a survey and collect 349 responses from Chinese smartphone users. The results of the current research reveal that self-image congruence is positively significantly related to mobile app intention to use. Also, our findings show that symbolic congruence is a vital determinant of the mobile app intention to use among Chinese smartphone users. Overall, the present study extends the understanding of TAM and concludes that symbolic congruence, such as functional attributes, is equally essential for technology intention to use. Moreover, this study extends the TAM and self-congruence theory literature by empirically investigating and validating the conceptual framework. The present study highlights the significance of self-image congruence to understand the user mobile app adoption behavior better. It provides important knowledge for the app developers, researchers, policymakers, and marketing managers of the famous social commerce and popular brand apps.
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Ahn, Jiseon. "Cognitive antecedents and affective consequences of customers’ self-concept in brand management." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 5 (2019): 2114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2018-0712.
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Purpose This study aims to analyze the antecedents and consequences of customers’ actual and ideal self-congruence in the tourism and hospitality context. This research analyzes playfulness (e.g. creative- and enjoyment-based), self-congruence (e.g. actual and ideal self-congruence) and passion (e.g. harmonious and obsessive). Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 350 integrated resort customers in the USA, and the hypotheses were examined using partial least square-structural equation modeling. Findings Findings suggest that creative-based playfulness significantly and positively influences the different types of customers’ self-congruence. Moreover, a fit between integrated resort brand and customers’ actual and ideal self leads to their harmonious and obsessive passion toward integrated resort brand. Research limitations/implications In the integrated resort setting, customers’ attitude toward innovation served as the antecedent of self-congruence and passion. The proposed model can be used to other sectors, such as hotels, restaurants and casinos. Practical implications The present study contributes to integrated resort service providers through the provision of several insights into how they can manage integrated resort brands. Originality/value This study contributes to the service research and extends previous studies in several important ways. Although previous studies have focused on analyzing the effect of the playfulness of product on customers’ behavior, the current study moves a step further by assessing its relationship with dual types of image congruence and passion in the tourism and hospitality setting.
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Suh, Jungmin, Youseok Lee, and Sang-Hoon Kim. "The effects of collaborated character’s image congruence on cosmetic products evaluation: The relative importance of ideal and actual self-image congruence." Journal of Global Fashion Marketing 9, no. 2 (2018): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2018.1426482.
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Ericksen, Mary K., and M. Joseph Sirgy. "Employed Females' Clothing Preference, Self-Image Congruence, and Career Anchorage." Journal of Applied Social Psychology 22, no. 5 (1992): 408–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb01547.x.
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Ho Lee, Seong, and Kyung Sik Jung. "Loyal Customer Behaviors: Identifying Brand Fans." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 46, no. 8 (2018): 1285–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6482.
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Using concepts of self-image congruence and involvement, we investigated whether existing customers can be considered brand fans and, if so, how to determine the behavior of brand fans in various situations. Participants were 180 students in a business administration marketing program in South Korea with strong brand loyalty. Cluster analysis was conducted using a 2 (high vs. low self-image congruence) × 2 (high vs. low involvement) analysis of variance and paired t tests were used to identify brand fans through fanship and switching intentions (Study 1). Then we investigated how participants' minds changed after being exposed to a negative article (Study 2) and a competitor's aggressive marketing (Study 3). We found that fans do exist for commercial brands and that, as assumed, image congruence and involvement are critical constructs. These results suggest that consideration of image congruence and involvement is necessary for businesses to secure and foster brand fans.
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Palmiter, David J., and David E. Silber. "Assessing the Validity of the Semantic Differential Portion of the Apperceptive Personality Test." Psychological Reports 88, no. 3_suppl (2001): 1235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3c.1235.
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This study investigated the validity of the semantic differential portion of the Apperceptive Personality Test with 225 undergraduates who completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability scale, actual-self and ideal-self semantic differential scales (e.g., Actual-self and Ideal-self), and either the Apperceptive Personality Test or a modified version. A projected-self score was calculated using the semantic differential ratings of the hero(ine) character on the test, e.g., Projected-self. A strong negative correlation indicated that, as the difference between the Ideal-self and Actual-self decreased, the difference between the Actual-self and Projected-self increased. Discriminant analyses indicated that highly guarded participants, e.g., high Social Desirability scores, showed more congruency between Ideal-self and Actual-self and less congruency between Actual-self ratings and Projected-self on the APT than did less guarded participants. When the difference scores incorporated only those semantic differential items that loaded on an Evaluative factor, the same result of discriminant analysis was found when participants who completed the modified version were included. These findings support the validity of the test's semantic differential items and suggest that guardedness tends to promote more similarity between Actual-self and Ideal-self and less similarity between Actual-self and Projected-self.
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Kim, Ji-Yeon, and Kyu-Hye Lee. "Effects of Brand-Self Image Congruence on Attitudes toward Children's Wear Brands -Focus on Children's Image, Actual Image and Ideal Image-." Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles 36, no. 11 (2012): 1137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5850/jksct.2012.36.11.1137.
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Wallace, Elaine, Isabel Buil, and Leslie de Chernatony. "Consumers’ self-congruence with a “Liked” brand." European Journal of Marketing 51, no. 2 (2017): 367–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-07-2015-0442.
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Purpose Brand “Likes” on Facebook facilitate self-expression, forming part of consumers’ virtual selves. Yet, consumers’ brand “Likes” may bear little resemblance to their material realities. This paper aims to test similarities of brand image with self-image for Facebook “Likes” to determine whether self-congruence with a “Liked” brand leads to positive offline brand outcomes. It also investigates whether consumers’ perceptions about their Facebook social relations influence self-congruent brand “Likes”. Design/methodology/approach A large-scale survey was conducted of regular Facebook users who “Liked” brands. Data from 438 respondents was analysed and hypotheses tested using structural equation modeling. Findings Empirical results show that the perceived self-congruence with a “Liked” brand increases with social tie strength. Perceived social tie strength is informed by perceived attitude homophily. When the perceived self-congruence with a “Liked” brand is higher, brand love and word of mouth (WOM) are enhanced. Consumers also have greater brand loyalty and offer more WOM when brands are loved. Research limitations/implications Findings demonstrate the influence of consumers’ cognitive network on “Likes” and brand outcomes. Further replication would enhance generalisability. Future research should use a wider sample and investigate other variables. Practical implications Findings support managers seeking to grow and analyse Facebook “Likes” by providing insights into brand loyalty, brand love and WOM for “Liked” brands. Originality/value The paper addresses the dearth of research exploring how consumers’ perceptions of their Facebook network influence their online brand behaviour and how perceived self-congruence with a “Liked” brand relates to brand outcomes.
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Ceyhan, Ayben. "The Impact of Perception Related Social Media Marketing Applications on Consumers’ Brand Loyalty and Purchase Intention." EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal 9, no. 1 (2019): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2019.173.
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Social media offers a social interaction environment where consumers have the opportunity to communicate with brands, exchange ideas with other users, produce content and influence the masses. Brands also create various social media marketing applications by turning these opportunities in their favor. In this study, it was aimed to measure the effect of consumer perception on marketing applications of brands on Instagram pages and their impact on brand loyalty as well as purchase intention. In this context, the research model developed was tested on Beykent University students. Data obtained by the survey method were analyzed using SPSS and Amos package programs. According to research findings, the functional value, hedonic value and self-brand image congruency perceptions towards the Instagram page of the brand in question positively affected the purchase intention, whereas the social value and co-creation perceptions did not have a significant effect on purchase intention. The functional value, social value and self-brand image congruency perceptions towards the Instagram page of the brand in question positively affected brand loyalty, whereas the hedonic value and co-creation value perceptions were found to be unrelated to brand loyalty. Furthermore, it was observed that brand loyalty mediates the whole effect of the functional value and co-creation perceptions towards the Instagram page of the brand in question on purchase intention.
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Rogers, Mary K., and Francis J. Kelly. "Study of Ideal-Self Discrepancy and Observed Social Behaviors in a Therapeutic Community." Psychological Reports 64, no. 2 (1989): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.64.2.495.
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This descriptive study explored relations between ideal self-discrepancy (often referred to as self-esteem or self-concept) and behaviors observed in 27 residents of a therapeutic community for polydrug users. The Sliding Person Test (SPERT), an abstract, nonverbal measure of self-reported, ideal self-discrepancy was administered three times a week, for seven consecutive weeks to 27 subjects after regularly scheduled group meetings. Data were charted on graphs to reveal fluctuations of ideal self-discrepancy and incidences of observed, documented changes in behavior. Analysis suggests the instrument detects some changes in ideal self-discrepancy congruent with transitional behaviors. In more than half of the cases, fluctuation of 25% or more in discrepancy between ideal self-concept and at-the-moment self-concept was directly related to an observed change in behavior or residents' transition in the hierarchy of the program's structure. Implications for validity and reliability issues concerning measures of ideal-self-discrepancy are briefly discussed.
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Flight, Richard L., and Kesha K. Coker. "Brand constellations: reflections of the emotional self." Journal of Product & Brand Management 25, no. 2 (2016): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-02-2015-0806.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role that enduring consumer emotional traits play in brand constellation formation. Theories of self-image and brand-image congruence are used as the foundation to explain how complex brand constellations are a reflection of emotional dispositions. Design/methodology/approach A clustering technique based on 24 consumption emotion set items was used to analyze data from 287 consumers and 66 different consumer brands. A conjoint analysis was also performed to examine the degree of brand congruence within each cluster. Findings Results reveal four unique consumer clusters (Sad, Passionate, Joyful, and Balanced Middle) with unique brand constellations and differing degrees of brand congruence. Of significance is the Sad cluster, which shows a strong brand congruence to seemingly hedonic products. Research limitations/implications Given the nature of self-reported data, an inherent potential bias because of a single source for both dependent and independent variables exists. Also, this research design is based on an inductive form of reasoning, and thus, results may not be falsifiable. Practical implications Implications of brand constellations based on emotional dispositions for marketing theory and practice are discussed. Given this exploratory research on brand constellations defined by emotional disposition, limitations and avenues for future research are also presented. Social implications In this paper, the consumer’s enduring psychological traits act as the grouping mechanism, and from this psychometric profile, brands group to reflect the collective self-image of consumers based on emotional disposition. By introducing the emotional disposition approach to constellation formation, the authors demonstrate that psychometric variables offer a new methodology by which brands may be categorized. Originality/value Using a cluster analysis to essentially reverse-engineer consumption patterns is novel and reflects a valid approach toward demonstrating how otherwise unrelated brands may be consumed together.
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Селезнева, Антонина Владимировна, Наталья Валентиновна Смулькина, and Александра Федоровна Яковлева. "THE IMAGE OF RUSSIA IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE YOUTH: A VISUAL DIMENSION." ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, no. 2(28) (April 20, 2021): 110–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2021-2-110-129.
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В статье исследуются психологические и социально-политические особенности молодого поколения россиян, определяющие основные черты, пути и способы формирования гражданского самосознания молодежи. Категория «гражданское самосознание» понимается как комплекс ценностных, когнитивных, рефлексивных, мотивационных и эмоциональных особенностей личности, определяющих ее устойчивую и осознанную самоидентификацию в качестве гражданина и выражающихся в ее взаимоотношении с государством и обществом. Структурно-содержательные характеристики образа России в сознании молодежи даны с позиций теории политического восприятия и разработок политических психологов в области изучения политического сознания молодежи, различных положений теории идентичности в аспекте понимания гражданской идентичности как основы политического самоопределения индивида. Присущий современной молодежи образ России (комплекс представлений о ней как стране и государстве) исследуется в его визуальном измерении – через рисунки молодых людей, репрезентирующие их представления о России в виде изображений. В исследовании использована проективная рисуночная методика «Россия в виде дома», которая, как и любая другая подобная диагностическая техника, направлена на выявление глубинных и слабо осознаваемых особенностей восприятия окружающей действительности и себя в этом мире. Основное внимание уделено смысловому содержанию представленных в рисунках сюжетов, их символическому наполнению, эмоциональному знаку изображений. Обобщение данных осуществлялось по параметрам когнитивной сложности и конгруэнтности образов. Целевую группу исследования составили молодые российские граждане в возрасте от 15 до 30 лет в рамках трех возрастных групп: 15–17 лет, 18–23 лет, 24–30 лет. В ходе исследования было собрано и проанализировано 540 рисунков (по 180 рисунков респондентов каждой возрастной группы) в Москве и Санкт-Петербурге, в Краснодарском и Приморском краях, в Московской, Тверской, Липецкой, Омской областях, в республиках Крым и Северная Осетия – Алания (не менее 50 рисунков в каждом регионе). По результатам исследования выделены как общие тенденции восприятия страны, определяющие гражданскую идентичность молодежи, так и особенности образа России у разных возрастных групп в структуре молодого поколения. Выделены несколько взаимосвязанных направлений (контуров) структурирования образа своей страны, включающих в себя разные аспекты представлений о России молодых россиян: личностно-эмоциональный, властно-государственный, цивилизационный. Отмечено, что наибольшие сложности формирования гражданской идентичности проявляются у младшей возрастной группы исследуемых россиян. Рассмотрение образа страны в структуре гражданского самосознания молодежи на визуальных данных – материалах проективных рисунков – позволило подтвердить наличие зависимости гражданской идентичности от соотнесения молодыми людьми себя с воспринимаемой общностью – Россией как социокультурным и политическим образованием. Сделан вывод о том, что использование визуальных методов в исследованиях молодежи представляется перспективным в том числе в силу особого «клипового» характера восприятия ею социально-политической реальности и значительной роли визуальных средств в ее коммуникации в социальной среде и виртуальном пространстве. The article examines the psychological and sociopolitical features of Russia’s young generation, which determine the characteristics, ways and means of forming the civic consciousness of the youth. The category “civic consciousness” is understood as a complex of value, cognitive, reflexive, motivational and emotional characteristics of a person that determine their stable and conscious self-identification as a citizen and are expressed in a person’s relationship with the state and society. The structural and substantive characteristics of the image of Russia in the minds of young people are given from the standpoints of the theory of political perception and developments of political psychologists in the field of studying the political consciousness of young people, various aspects of the theory of identity in terms of understanding civic identity as the basis of the political self-determination of the individual. The image of Russia, which is a complex of ideas about it as a country and a state, the modern youth has is explored in its visual dimension through young people’s drawings representing their ideas about Russia in the form of images. The study used the projective drawing technique “Russia in the form of a house”, which, like any other similar diagnostic technique, aims at identifying deep and poorly perceived features of the perception of the surrounding reality and oneself in the world. The main focus is on the semantic content of the plots presented in the drawings, their symbolic content, the emotional sign of the images. Data were generalized according to the parameters of the cognitive complexity and congruence of the images. The target group of the study consisted of young Russian citizens aged 15 to 30 within three age groups – 15 to 17, 18 to 23, and 24 to 30 years. In the course of the study, 540 drawings were collected and analyzed (180 drawings by respondents of each age group) in Moscow and St. Petersburg, in Krasnodar and Primorsky krais, in Moscow, Tver, Lipetsk, Omsk oblasts, in the Republics of Crimea and North Ossetia-Alania (at least 50 drawings in each region). Based on the results of the study, the authors identify general tendencies of the perception of the country, which determine the civic identity of young people, and the distinctiveness of the image of Russia in different age groups in the structure of the younger generation. Several interrelated directions (outlines) of structuring the image of their country are also described, including different aspects of young Russians’ ideas about Russia: personal-emotional, power-state, civilizational. The authors note that great difficulties in the development of civic identity are manifested in the younger age group of the studied Russians. The analysis of the image of the country in the structure of the civic consciousness of youth based on visual data, particularly materials of projective drawings, made it possible to confirm the existence of the dependence of civic identity on how the young correlate themselves with the perceived community – Russia as a sociocultural and political entity. The conclusion is made that the use of visual methods in youth research seems to be promising, including due to the specific “clip” nature of the youth’s perception of the sociopolitical reality and the significant role of visual means in the youth’s communication in the social environment and the virtual space.
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Choi, Sejung Marina, and Nora J. Rifon. "It Is a Match: The Impact of Congruence between Celebrity Image and Consumer Ideal Self on Endorsement Effectiveness." Psychology & Marketing 29, no. 9 (2012): 639–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.20550.
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Amos, Amanda, David Gray, Candace Currie, and Rob Elton. "Healthy or druggy? Self-image, ideal image and smoking behaviour among young people." Social Science & Medicine 45, no. 6 (1997): 847–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00425-x.
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Grover, Aditi, Jeffrey Foreman, and Mardie Burckes-Miller. "“Infecting” those we care about: social network effects on body image." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 10, no. 3 (2016): 323–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-09-2014-0052.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the forces at work that negatively influence the self-image perceptions of young women, causing them to strive for an “ultra-thin” ideal. Design/methodology/approach Focus groups explore why and how perceived self-image influences young women’s body and perceptions and, consequently, health. Thematic qualitative analysis explores the realm of information and emotions involved with the thin-ideal. Findings Social contagion theory emerged with a significant impact caused by network influencers and the spread of information and emotions within social networks forces that sustain the need to be ultra-thin, even though there is abundant knowledge about adverse effects. Research limitations/implications Future research should address limitations involving representativeness and generalizability. Practical implications Social marketing programs, including social media, should stress healthy eating habits while focusing on the importance of the self and de-emphasizing the “thin-ideal” image. Originality/value Results will assist in developing more informed and effective prevention programs, including social media campaigns, as preventative healthcare to reduce the risk of the spread of eating disorders and promote psychological health of at-risk young adults.
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Gasieva, I. T. "Self-construction as a specialist for young teachers." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 10 (December 11, 2020): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-10-163-168.
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The article is devoted to the study of self-construction as a professional and a reference (ideal image) professional among young teachers of secondary schools of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania. The article empirically studies the content component of the image of the Self as a professional and the image of the Self as an ideal teacher. In the course of the research, it was revealed that the majority of young teachers surveyed identify themselves with the reference image of a professional in their chosen professional activity. The structure of the self-construction and the reference self- construction is dominated by the social component; young professionals whose self-construction does not coincide with the reference image position themselves as disillusioned with their chosen professional activity.
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Lin, Chien-nai, Yu-Tzu Lin, and Ching-Cha Hsieh. "Unfolding the Diminishing Image Control in Online Self Presentation." International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking 3, no. 1 (2011): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jvcsn.2011010103.
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As the young generations grow up using applications like Facebook and as fans of social networking technologies, understanding the presentations of self in a virtual community becomes a worthwhile topic to be addressed. Drawing on the theory of dramaturgical theory (Goffman, 1959), this interpretive research was conducted to observe the self presentation of the participants in a virtual community to analyze their online behaviors and interactions. The observations found that only in the early stage of interaction, people can have a high degree of control over the ideal images creation; however, the clues to reveal actual images are accumulated over time and across cyberspaces. This research suggested that personal control over image delivery in a virtual community weakens over time, which challenged the assumption made by prior literature regarding how people have greater control in creating ideal images in the virtual community. The findings of this research could provide insight for people who use virtual community to search for credible personal information or to build ideal images. Besides, this research suggested that although Internet technologies facilitate access to a rich source of information, the convenience in information acquisition and verification comes at the expense of personal privacy.
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Davis, Brooke, Bernadette Moore, and Dorothy Bruck. "The Meanings of Sleep: Stories from Older Women in Care." Sociological Research Online 12, no. 5 (2007): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1620.
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This paper analyses data from a two phase project which utilizes a mixed methods design to investigate the construct of ‘good’ and ‘poor’ sleep quality amongst older women in Australian residential care. Phase one of the study demonstrates the lack of congruence between quantitative measures of sleep behaviour and self categorizations by the participants as ‘good’ or ‘poor’ sleepers. This lack of congruence is explored in the second phase of the project where semi structured interviews investigate the process by which self categorizations emerge. Interview data ratifies the findings of phase one identifying that the process of self-categorization is not necessarily linked to sleep behaviours, as many of these phenomena such as nocturnal disruption, or early morning awakenings were similarly described by self-categorized ‘good’ and ‘poor’ sleepers. Rather, it appears that these women, through the process of upward and downward social comparison, construct ideas about ‘normal’ sleep, and it is this normative definition, rather than the sleep phenomena experienced, that the individual uses to provide a benchmark for their self-categorization of sleep quality.
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Wille, Lien, Greet Van Hoye, Bert Weijters, Deva Rangarajan, and Marieke Carpentier. "To Be Yourself or to Be Your Ideal Self?" Journal of Personnel Psychology 17, no. 3 (2018): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000213.
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Abstract. Recruitment research on person–organization fit has typically focused on organizations’ fit with potential applicants’ actual self, not considering other possible self-images. Based on image congruity theory, we investigate how actual and ideal self-congruity relate to application intentions and intentions to spread word-of-mouth. In a first study, conducted in Belgium, actual and ideal self-congruity related positively to both outcomes. The relation with application intentions was equally positive for actual and ideal self-congruity. Ideal self-congruity showed a stronger positive relation with word-of-mouth intentions. A second study replicated these findings in the United States and tested for social adjustment concern (need to impress others) as a moderator. As social adjustment concern increased, relations of both outcomes with ideal (actual) self-congruity were stronger (weaker).
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Montgomery Sklar, Elliot. "Body Image, Weight, and Self-Concept in Men." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 11, no. 3 (2015): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827615594351.
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In the traditional debate between biological and environmental determinants of body weight, the body has most often been explored in terms of its anatomical, genetic, or hormonal influences on personality, experience, and behavior. While obesity has been identified as a threat to our public health, correlating attitudes toward body image and self-concept have been explored within women to a limited extent, and even less so in relation to men. Consequently, men’s body image will be discussed in light of current literature reveals for women. For men, as for women, as the social pressure to attain an “ideal” physique increases, the discrepancy between that ideal and one’s body increases as well. This dynamic is more readily recognized for women than for men. As men are socialized not to discuss their body image concerns, negative self-concept and esteem may reinforce behaviors resulting in weight gain. In recent years, the proliferation of media has served to reinforce messaging related to one’s body. This review of existing data and literature suggests that body image and self-concept are related to body weight in men (as with women) and need to be addressed as part of healthy weight management practices.
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Bishop, John Douglas. "Is Self-Identity Image Advertising Ethical?" Business Ethics Quarterly 10, no. 2 (2000): 371–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857882.
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Abstract:Discussions of the ethics of advertising have been based on a general distinction between informative and persuasive advertising without looking at specific techniques of persuasion. Self-identity image ads persuade by presenting an image of an idealized person-type such as a “beautiful” woman (Chanel) or a sexy teen (Calvin Klein). The product becomes a symbol of the ideal, and target consumers are invited to use the product to project the self-image to themselves and others. This paper argues that image ads are not false or misleading, and that whether or not they advocate false values is a matter for subjective reflection. Image ads can undermine a consumer’s self-esteem by collectively omitting images authentic for that sort of person (such as large women), and by combining impossible images with implied gaze. Image ads generally do not undermine autonomy of choice, internal autonomy, or social autonomy. It is concluded that image advertising is a basically ethical technique, but several recommendations are given on how use of image advertising can avoid specific harms.
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Bühler, Janina Larissa, Rebekka Weidmann, Madoka Kumashiro, and Alexander Grob. "Does Michelangelo care about age? An adult life-span perspective on the Michelangelo phenomenon." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no. 4 (2018): 1392–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407518766698.
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Humans are motivated to expand their actual self toward an ideal self. Known as the Michelangelo phenomenon, movement toward the ideal self can be facilitated through an affirming romantic partner and is linked to positive life outcomes. Yet, research on the Michelangelo phenomenon has primarily focused on young adult samples, and it remains unknown whether the framework generalizes across the adult life span. The authors addressed this shortcoming by examining the Michelangelo phenomenon in a three-generation sample of 505 adults aged 18–90 years ( M = 47.2 years). Multilevel analyses revealed one age effect on the framework, showing that being seen by the partner in a manner congruent with one’s ideal self (i.e., partner perceptual affirmation) becomes more important for relationship satisfaction with increasing age. Otherwise, age did not affect the Michelangelo phenomenon, suggesting life-span generalizability of the framework. By highlighting personal growth processes that continue across the life span, the present findings add to theories of successful aging.
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Taiwo Stephen Fayose, Lanre Adebara, and Folashade Adeola Bolarinwa. "On the image promotion on social media by polytechnic students in Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 9, no. 1 (2021): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.9.1.0009.
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The research examined the reasons polytechnic students join social media such as Instagram and what they intend to learn from celebrities on Instagram in order to have their ideal body image for self-esteem. The study identified different measures polytechnic students used to achieve desired body image and the level of psychological effect Instagram posts have on their body image. The analysis is based on the findings of a questionnaire survey carried out in two higher institutions in Nigeria (N=600). The results revealed Nigerian students are highly conscious of their body image (91.2%), they employed different measures to achieve their desired body image, the rate at which Nigerian students patronized products advertised on Instagram to acquire ideal beauty standard is relatively high (61.5%) and finally, level of psychological effect of Instagram posts on body image is approximately high (88%).
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Di Vittorio, Arianna, Lucrezia Maria De Cosmo, Nicolaia Iaffaldano, and Luigi Piper. "Identity processes in marketing: Relationship between image and personality of tourist destination, destination self congruity and behavioral responses." MERCATI & COMPETITIVITÀ, no. 2 (June 2019): 13–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mc2-2019oa8129.
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There are few works in literature that study the relationship between tourist destination image and tourist destination personality. The present study starting from the relationship between image and personality tries to analyze how this relationship can strengthen the identification of tourists with the destination itself and consequently behavioral responses. The results will highlight a strong impact of image on some personality traits of the destination and how these personality traits have an effect on the the effective, ideal, social and social ideal destination self congruity and on the intentions of return and word of mouth. The work ends with a discussion on the theoretical and managerial implications in terms of destination branding strategies.
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Furnham, Adrian, and Nicola Greaves. "Gender and locus of control correlates of body image dissatisfaction." European Journal of Personality 8, no. 3 (1994): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410080304.
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The study concerned sex and various locus of control correlates of body image satisfaction. The results indicated that men and women differ significantly in the degree and in the direction of dissatisfaction towards their bodies, which were consistent with the culturally defined ideals for men and women. Significant differences were also observed regarding self‐perceptions, suggesting that women more than men are more likely to suffer from depression and have lower self‐esteem which was itself associated with body image satisfaction. Individual beliefs about perceived control towards achieving an ‘ideal’ body shape were assessed using a new locus of control scale which correlated significantly with two scales measuring attitudes relating to body shape. The results from this new scale suggest that perceived locus of control beliefs are important predictors of the resulting behaviours and self‐perceptions associated with body shape satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
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Shumar, Wesley. "‘Being TED’: The university intellectual as globalised neoliberal consumer self." Learning and Teaching 9, no. 2 (2016): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/latiss.2016.090205.
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This article focuses on the ways that modern American universities are engaged in the process of articulating new producing and consuming subjects. It argues that the image of the engaged ‘media celebrity’ intellectual, as presented in the TED Talk model, has become a cultural ideal that reconciles a deeper contradiction in the academy. Through a complex process, university faculty and students are assimilated into the globalised lifestyle and the identity of cosmopolitans by participating in a social space that is at once an upscale shopping mall and at the same time a high tech corporate research park. This global elite is forged first out of individuals who make it through the university and then secondly out of those university students who successfully excel under the twin pressures of elite production and consumption. Most student, faculty and universities fall short of this ideal. But by watching TED talks they can aspire to this fantasy ideal through the image of the media celebrity intellectual.
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Nagar, Itisha, and Rukhsana Virk. "The Struggle Between the Real and Ideal." SAGE Open 7, no. 1 (2017): 215824401769132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244017691327.
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Media, in its diverse forms, has become a powerful tool for construction and portrayal of the “shoulds, oughts, and musts” of a woman’s body. As a result of “thinning” of beauty ideals in the media, the real woman finds the representations of ideal woman to be increasingly unattainable. This exploratory study examined the effect of acute media images for a sample of young adult Indian woman ( N = 60). A 2 (intervention group) × 2 (time) mixed-group design was used where half the participants were presented with thin-ideal media images, whereas the other half were presented with control images. The participants were examined on body image dissatisfaction, thin-ideal internalization, and self-esteem. Results of the study indicate a significant increase in thin-ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction and a significant decrease in self-esteem scores as a result of exposure to the thin-ideal media images. The findings of the study indicate that, similar to their counterparts in Europe and North America, young urban Indian women experience body image disturbances when exposed to thin-ideal images. The findings have been examined in light of the spread of global media and homogenization of beauty standards among non-Western countries.
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Shahyad, Shima, Shahla Pakdaman, and Omid Shokri. "Prediction of Body Image Dissatisfaction from Self-esteem, Thin-ideal Internalization and Appearance-related Social Comparison." International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 3, no. 2 (2015): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20286/ijtmgh-030299.
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Thériault, Patrick. "La destination communautaire de l'interprétation, le De doctrina christiana d'Augustin." Dialogue 45, no. 2 (2006): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001221730000055x.
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ABSTRACTIn the De doctrina christiana Augustine lays the foundations of a type of hermeneutics more community oriented than epistemological. Likewise, the rules he formulates have jurisdiction beyond the sole domain of semiotics; as I shall argue, they are applicable, in like (even congruent) manner, to the world of social relations. More fundamentally, these rules are intended to moderate an economy of desire, in which semiotics and social relations find a common origin and, above all, the principles of their harmonious organization. I shall demonstrate these ideas through an analysis of the image of “the voyage towards the homeland” (peregrinatio ad patriam).
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ŁYSAK, ANNA, DOMINIKA WILCZYŃSKA, ANNA WALENTUKIEWICZ, KAROL KARASIEWICZ, and PAWEŁ SKONIECZNY. "Adolescents' actual appearance and body image self-assessment." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 9, no. 1 (2017): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.09.1.07.
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The body image is one of the most important components of self-esteem which corresponds with the psycho-physical health of the individual. The purpose of the study was to search for the relationship between the actual figure and body image. The research was conducted in 2014 among 830 adolescents. Sample selection was random. Actual figure was defined by the body composition, BMI and the distribution of body fat. Body image was assessed with Stunkard's Figure Rating Scale. Statistical analysis was performed based on the software Statistical Package for Social Science. The results of the analysis indicate that there is a significant strong correlation between the real somatic self assessment and actual figure, and the strongest indicator for the development of self-image is BMI and fat mass. The results also indicated that real somatic self is explained in 49%, and ideal somatic self in approx. 30% Stable body self-esteem is an essential part of human mental health and an appropriate level of body fat which allows to determine the actual figure, can protect individuals from many civilization diseases in the future.
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Khan, Muhammad Asif, Rohail Ashraf, and Aneela Malik. "Do identity-based perceptions lead to brand avoidance? A cross-national investigation." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 31, no. 4 (2019): 1095–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-12-2017-0332.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of identity-based consumer perceptions on the brand avoidance of foreign brands across multiple markets.Design/methodology/approachFocussing on general product category brands, the study was conducted across two countries, i.e. New Zealand (Study 1) and Pakistan (Study 2), using online surveys. Study 1 explores the perceptions of university students, whereas Study 2 evaluates the perceptions of a more heterogeneous population across the country. Partial least squares–structural equation modelling was used to analyse the model.FindingsFirst, the results confirm that individual-level identity-based drivers (undesired self-congruence and negative social influence) consistently predict brand avoidance for foreign brands across both markets, whereas country-level drivers (consumer ethnocentrism and animosity) have inconsistent effects across the markets. Second, the study demonstrates that avoidance attitude fully mediates the relationship between antecedences and intentions to avoid foreign brands.Practical implicationsThe finding that undesired self-congruence is the strongest predictor of brand avoidance across the markets reinforces the importance of brand image congruence with the target audience. Considering the negative effect of social influence, especially on social media (i.e. Facebook and Twitter), this finding cautions managers to constantly monitor the prevailing negative word of mouth (online or offline) about the brand to mitigate its potential effect.Originality/valueDrawing on social identity theory, this study explores the identity-based pre-purchase determinants of brand avoidance at the country level and at the individual level. These determinants have never been explored yet in the context of brand avoidance.
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Aparicio-Martinez, Perea-Moreno, Martinez-Jimenez, Redel-Macías, Pagliari, and Vaquero-Abellan. "Social Media, Thin-Ideal, Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating Attitudes: An Exploratory Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21 (2019): 4177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214177.
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Disordered eating attitudes are rapidly increasing, especially among young women in their twenties. These disordered behaviours result from the interaction of several factors, including beauty ideals. A significant factor is social media, by which the unrealistic beauty ideals are popularized and may lead to these behaviours. The objectives of this study were, first, to determine the relationship between disordered eating behaviours among female university students and sociocultural factors, such as the use of social network sites, beauty ideals, body satisfaction, body image and the body image desired to achieve and, second, to determine whether there is a sensitive relationship between disordered eating attitudes, addiction to social networks, and testosterone levels as a biological factor. The data (N = 168) was obtained using validated surveys (EAT-26, BSQ, CIPE-a, SNSA) and indirect measures of prenatal testosterone. The data was analysed using chi-square, Student’s t-test, correlation tests and logistic regression tests. The results showed that disordered eating attitudes were linked to self-esteem (p < 0.001), body image (p < 0.001), body desired to achieve (p < 0.001), the use of social media (p < 0.001) and prenatal testosterone (p < 0.01). The findings presented in this study suggest a relationship between body image, body concerns, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating attitudes among college women.
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Rahardjo, Imanurul Aisha, Bagus Takwin, and Imelda Ika Dian Oriza. "Pengaruh Socio-cultural Influences dan Self-Compassion terhadap Apresiasi Tubuh Wanita: Social Appearance Comparison sebagai Mediator." TAZKIYA: Journal of Psychology 9, no. 1 (2021): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tazkiya.v9i1.19051.
Full textAbstract:
Self-image in general is an important part of humans. Having an ideal body shape according to the perceptions and norms that develop in society is usually a standard condition to be considered to be attractive. Self-image view is closely related to body image; mental picture of a person, cognitive and emotional assessments of himself, and approximately other people's judgments about the shape and size of his body. A positive body image is a multifaceted construct that is not simple so that it is not only a target of self-criticism but also an attitude of respect and self-acceptance which is called body appreciation. The purpose of this study was to find out the role of sociocultural influences and self-compassion on individual body appreciation and the presumption of the role of social appearance comparison variables as mediators between self-compassion and body appreciation. Participant were individuals aged 20-40 years consisting of 84 women. This research was conducted using multiple regression analysis. The results of the analysis, self-compassion contributed 21.7% to body appreciation and the proof of social appearance comparison mediated partially the relationship between self-compassion and body appreciation.
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Cirklová, Jitka. "Reaffirming Identity Through Images. The commodification of Illusions in the Contemporary Presentation of Self." methaodos revista de ciencias sociales 8, no. 1 (2020): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17502/m.rcs.v8i1.351.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, the construction of an ideal image of the self will be discussed within the theoretical framework of “Representation”. Drawing more on Hall’s concept of representation I would like to concentrate on the practices of “stereotyping”, drawing out the links between representation and stereotype that are closely connected with the production of mass culture, consumerism, institutions, and social media. Photos from galleries and museums and heritage locations taken and shared on social media can be understood as a commodified presentation of the tourist experience of an attractive location that has come into existence in order to narrate an ideal trip. After a picture is shared on social networks, the process of the commodification of an illusion starts − an illusion that was shared and presented as a personal authentic proof of the visit to the location and experiencing a unique moment. Often one particular image from a museum is massively reproduced and becomes a form of an ideal souvenir or a goal of travel. The connection of the centrality of the location captured in images, stereotyping, and identity is crucial in this research. The aim of this text is to understand the current trends of enhancing identity via creating and consuming images and portraits. It also aims to address the changing patterns and techniques of visual self-presentation, pointing out shared cultural values that are becoming certain global standards and institutionalized conventions of the personal and professional commercial photography.
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Sifers, Sarah K., and Dana N. Shea. "Evaluations of Girls on the Run/Girls on Track to Enhance Self-Esteem and Well-Being." Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology 7, no. 1 (2013): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.7.1.77.
Full textAbstract:
Girls on Track (GOTR/T) is a program focused on improving pre-teen (Girls on the Run) and young teen (Girls on Track) girls’ self-esteem and fostering a healthy lifestyle through running and all-inclusive development. The GOTR/T curriculum attempts to foster physical, psychological, and social well-being through education, team building, and physical activity. Participants in the present GOTR/T study (N = 111 girls, ages 8 to 13) completed the Behavioral and Emotional Screening System, Children’s Body Image Scale, Self-perception Profile for Children, and a measure of attitudes toward physical activity at the start of the program and at the conclusion. Guardians completed a consumer satisfaction survey. Self-perceptions of physical appearance and average size of ideal body image increased. Discrepancy between perceived real and ideal body image decreased. Guardian satisfaction with the program was high. Results suggest GOTR/T may help improve self-esteem in relation to physical appearance and body image. Improvements in other domains were not found, and the program did not improve behavioral and emotional functioning.
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Khuhro, Rafique Ahmed, Niaz Ahmed Bhutto, and Irshad Hussain Sarki. "Failure of Brand Intoxication with the Mediating Effect of Ad Skepticism." Sukkur IBA Journal of Management and Business 2, no. 1 (2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30537/sijmb.v2i1.90.
Full textAbstract:
Brands still have not intoxicated the all segments of customers, yet there are people who have motivations to escape from brand. This study explores the mediating role of ad skepticism between self-image congruency, product knowledge and brand escapism motivation. The other purpose is to see the direct relation of product knowledge and self-image congruency on brand escapism motivation. A Study of 267mobile phone users is conducted, who use iconic and less iconic mobile phone brands. Proposed relationships were empirically tested through SPSS and SPSS Macro for Multiple Mediation. People in Pakistan consider mobile phone brands as their social status, due to this their beliefs and disbeliefs about advertising and motivation in brand escapism are helpful to understand. Pakistan is a developing country, consumers are not so much brand conscious and do not pay attention to advertising issues like developed countries. Because of this mediating effect of ad skepticism is not supported. The results support the effects of self-image congruence and product knowledge on the brand escapism motivation but not on the ad skepticism.