Academic literature on the topic 'Ideationel metafunction'

<em>Hans Christian </em><em>Andersen's "Grandmother" is a well-written short story about life and death. The analysis of the story using Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) reveals the meaning and ideology which the writer expresses through the work. In the ideational metafunction, the story uses the material and relational processes the most. The use of the two processes presents the grandmother and her character vividly and clearly. In the interpersonal metafunction, the sentences mostly use </em>grandmother, she, <em>and other objects related to her as the subject. The use shows how meaningful the grandmother to her granddaugher, the narrator, is. Furthermore, the change of the tense also indicates the significant transformation of the grandmother. Finally, in the textual metafunction, though low, the use of marked themes emphasizes the life phases of the grandmother. The analysis of the text using SFG reveals the centrality of life and death in the story. The analysis of the ideational, interpersonal, and textual metafunctions of the text reveals well the meaning and ideology which the story conveys. Death is only a transform of a life to another life.</em>

It is believed that traditional grammar is no longer appropriate to teach students especially in developing their writing skill. Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) which focuses on meaning and function behind language is now seen to be well-implemented. The study tried to analyse student’s piece of writing on one type of text in which Hotel Industry students as the sample of the study should master known as recount text. Purposive type of sampling was chosen since there was only one text analysed which was seen as the most problematic one. Content analysis as the implementation of qualitative research was chosen as the design of the study. The findings showed that the major problem student encountered mostly on grammatical structures in which there were found some errors on it. Regarding the three metafunctions, it was known that the students had been able to accomplish all criteria of recount text, such as using mostly material processes which deals with ideational metafunction, using correct tense and subject to fulfil the mood exists in interpersonal metafunction, and using reiteration and zigzag pattern as representation of textual metafunction. However, since there was problem to overcome, a strategy was proposed known as “POWER” which stands for Plan, Organise, Write, Edit, and Revise, which is hoped to help students developed a well-constructed text fulfilling all sine qua non attributes that recount text has.

The interrelation between verbal and image represented in a textbook is one of the prominent issues that should be taken into account. If the interrelation between these modes is presented in a textbook properly and aptly, students' outcomes of a particular material, such as phonics, may be entrenched and fostered. Thereby, this study aimed to scrutinize the interrelation between the verbal and image represented in the phonics material, which was to the best of the writer's knowledge concerning studies scrutinizing the phonics materials vis-à-vis multimodal text was still limited. Furthermore, a qualitative research method using content analysis was employed to investigate the analysis unit, namely the phonics material taken from one primary level EFL textbook. Besides, Royce's (1998, 2002, 2007) Intersemiotic Complementarity and Kress and van Leeuwen's (2006) Grammar of Visual Design involving one of the metafunctions deriving from Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics, ideational metafunction was employed. The findings revealed that a multimodal text encompassing the phonic material was, in fact, had fruitful meanings manifested in various modes, and there was a synergy found between the visual and verbal meanings realized by the ideational intersemiotic complementarity.

According to Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) theory the structural shape of the clause in English is determined by the three metafunctions — ideational, interpersonal and textual (Halliday 1994:179). In Japanese, the situation is similar as far as ideational (Teruya 1998) and interpersonal (Fukui 1998) meanings are concerned. With respect to the textual metafunction, however, the situation appears to be different. Due to the presence of ellipsis, both anaphoric Subject ellipsis and formal exophoric Subject ellipsis (Hasan 1996), along with the operation of clause chaining, Japanese appears to organise textually over another kind of unit, the Theme unit. This paper will explore the Theme unit as it functions to organise discourse in Japanese, offering grammatical and semantic recognition criteria within a Systemic Functional theoretical framework. Justification for the theorisation of this textual unit will be presented together with a number of examples. In Japanese, the Theme unit is the unit within which Theme and Rheme unfold. Theme is realised by first position in the Theme unit, and the Theme unit can map onto clause simplexes, complexes, clauses within a complex and across sentences (in written texts). The paper will conclude with a discussion of the function of the Theme unit and the nature or status of the Theme unit within the SFL model of language, arguing that the notion is possibly applicable to the analyses of other languages, including English.

This study reconsiders the place and nature of the logical metafunction in systemic theory. Halliday considers logical and experiential as subparts of the ideational metafunction, which he differentiates from the interpersonal and the textual, and he relates specific parts of the lexicogrammar to each metafunction, and each metafunction to a parameter of the context of situation. Here the proposal is to consider the logical component as an added function available for combination with each of the other three, and related equally to each of these, as well as to the field, tenor and mode of the context of situation. Logical meaning is considered independently from the strict structural constraints of recursion, parataxis and hypotaxis. Both projection and expansion are seen as multifunctional and as occurring at all grammatical ranks and at text level. Logical meaning is also seen in relational and existential processes, and as an extra unifying element in systems perceived as overlapping (modality and modulation, comparison and intensification).

In her thought-provoking article, Aneta Pavlenko approaches emotion and emotion-laden words in the bilingual lexicon from an impressive number of different perspectives. This is particularly welcome, since most models of linguistic structure do not account for emotional meanings in a systematic way. One exception worth mentioning, however, is Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL; Halliday, 1985/1994) with its broad division of functions into the textual, ideational and interpersonal metafunctions. Whereas the textual metafunction is concerned with the flow of information and the ideational with the construction of experience, the interpersonal function is concerned with interaction between people including the sharing of feelings. Recently, this last aspect has been developed more on the basis of SFL within Appraisal theory (Martin and White 2005), where attitudinal meanings are divided into Affect (the construal of emotion into the frame I feel (very) __), Judgment (social/moral evaluation of people) and Appreciation (aesthetic evaluation of things). The theory has primarily been applied to the development of the expression of feeling and evaluation in student writing in schools, based on qualitative analysis of corpora. The framework has also recently been applied to other languages than English as in Folkeryd (2006), who shows how the expression of affect and other evaluative resources are used in various story genres by Swedish students in grades 5, 8 and 11. The expression of attitudinal meanings turned out to be a problem characteristic of low-achieving students. This study includes bilingual students but they are not focused on in the published work.

AbstractThis article investigates the possibility to form determiner complexes in English nominal groups and the potential of leftward transfer of functional elements in nominal groups. The research finds that it is not possible to form hypotactic determiner complexes; rather there are hypotactic numeral complexes, hypotactic Epithet adjective complexes, hypotactic Classifier noun complexes and hypotactic Thing noun complexes, and the words for all the slots have the potential to form paratactic complexes. The corpus-based research confirms the potential of leftward transfer in nominal groups. Thereby, four types of shifts were identified: the shift from the Thing noun to the Classifier noun or adjective is a process of metaphorization from the group rank to the word rank; (2) the shift from the Classifier adjective to the Epithet2 adjective is a process of subjectification from the distinctive to the nondistinctive features of the Thing noun within the domain of ideational metafunction; (3) the shift from the Epithet2 adjective to the Epithet1 adjective is a process of subjectification from the domain of ideational metafunction to that of interpersonal metafunction; (4) the shift from the Epithet1 adjective to the post-Deictic adjective is a process of grammaticalization from the open-set attitude adjectives to the closed-set attitude adjectives.

Gender linguistics focuses on the diversity of male and female’s speech. In functional grammar, it is assumed that language expresses individuals’ worldview and ideology through the ideational metafunction. Considering gender and worldview, each individual uses a particular manner of expression which shows his/her thoughts, feelings, and experiences. The present study, focusing on the ideational metafunction, compares and explains the frequency and manner of using verbal processes such as “command and order”, “expressing emotions and feelings”, “swearing and insulting”, “damn and curse”, through considering the gender of the authors and the characters of their novels: Missing Soluch and Suvashun. The results indicated that the speaker and addressee’s gender are the most influential factors in verbal differences, which, by its own account, is affected by the atmosphere of the story. In fact, the power and the superior social status of men allow them to use more imperious, hostile, and impolite verbal processes. In addition, the feminine emotions and fragility, the fear raised from an inferior position in the community, and the cultural stereotypes dominating the setting of the story demanded the female characters to be obedient and silent, and sometimes use damn and curse.

This chapter takes note of the longstanding orientation Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to discourse studies before moving to a more detailed and selective presentation of current developments in SFL with respect to discourse models, developing research methodologies, and applications to different domains. The reinterpretation of cohesion as discourse semantics (identification, negotiation, conjunction, and ideation) is reviewed with respect to metafunctions (textual, interpersonal, and ideational). This work on texture is then related to social context through the register variables tenor, field and mode alongside genre. The chapter then reviews recent SFL-inspired research that applies these models to analysis of discourse across languages, modalities of communication, and domains. Work done on school and workplace discourse has raised new questions about appropriate units of discourse structure and their relationship to register analysis. It is predicted that some of these questions may be answered by the development of improved software for discourse analyses affording greater specificity in mapping the relationships among genres.

<p>The linguistic study of literature or critical analysis of literary discourse is no different from any other textual description; it is not a new branch or a new level or a new kind of linguistics but the application of existing theories and methods (Halliday, 2002). This study intends to determine how ideology or opinion is expressed in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and what kind of lexico-grammatical strategies are used in the first part of this novella to convey the author’s ideological meaning. By focusing on the lexico-grammatical choices in the transitivity system of the structure of the clauses, the researcher tries to shed light on the ideational meaning in the first section of the story. That is, the grammar of the clause as representation (transitivity patterns) which represents the encoding of experiential meanings: meaning about the world, about experience, about how we perceive and experience what is going on. By examining the transitivity patterns in text, we can explain how the field of situation is being constructed, i.e. we can describe what is being talked about and how shifts are achieved in the field. Both Halliday and Hassan have integrated theoretical statements with demonstrations of text analyses (Hassan, Matthiessen, &amp; Webster, 2005). In that spirit, the researcher here offers a textual demonstration of reading of a literary text. In order to do so, the researcher has identified metafunctional patterns of ideation found in the lexico-grammar of Joseph Conrad’s <em>Heart of Darkness </em>and has noted the author’s use of foregrounding against these patterns to contrast the racist and imperialistic ideologies being opposed to through the frame narration of the whole first part by Marlow as the chief character said to be Conrad’s own voice in the process of sailing and cruising on the Thames in a yawl by the name of Nellie.</p>

I denna uppsats presenteras en textanalytisk studie av ett urval pressmeddelanden från organisationen Djurens Rätt. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur Djurens Rätt positionerar sig bland de deltagare som beskrivs i deras pressmeddelanden. Djurens Rätt är en ideell och idéburen organisation vilket gör det intressant att undersöka hur dessa förhåller sig till andra aktörer i samhället i sina pressmeddelanden. Studien ut-går teoretiskt och metodologiskt främst från den systemisk-funktionella grammati-ken med fokus på det ideationella och erfarenhetsmässiga. Utöver detta är även positioneringsbegreppet och Greimas aktantmodell centrala för studien. Resultatet visar att Djurens Rätt använder sig av andra aktörer i flera avseenden för att positionera sig i de undersökta pressmeddelandena. Organisationen framstår exempelvis som sakliga och objektiva representanter för djuren genom att avstå från känslomässiga uttryckssätt, ibland tala om djuren i statistiska termer och även lägga fokus på opponenters handlingar istället för opponenterna i sig.
This paper presents a linguistic study of a number of press releases issued by the organization Djurens Rätt. The study aims to examine in which way Djurens Rätt positions itself among other participants being described in their press releases. Djurens Rätt is a non-profit organization based on an ideological idea, which makes it an interesting target for investigating their approach towards other societal opera-tors in their press releases. The study is theoretically and methodologically mainly based on Halliday’s functional grammar, focusing on the ideational and experiential part of language use. In addition to these perspectives, positioning as a concept and Greimas’ actantial model are also essential to the study. The results show that Djurens Rätt uses several other societal operators in order to position themselves in the analyzed press releases. The organization appears to represent the animals in an objective and impartial way, for instance by refraining emotional expressions, occasionally describing the animals in statistical terms and mostly focusing on their opponent’s actions instead of the opponents themselves.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
This study investigates the ideational metafunction in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart in order to explore the characterisation of Okonkwo, Unoka, Ezinma, Ekwefi and Mr. Brown. The study confines itself to the following objectives, namely, to identify process-types attributed to characters; identify the transitivity patterns embedded in process-types attributed to characters; establish the significance of transitivity patterns attributed in the characterisation; and establish the significance of process-type collocations in projecting the development of characters in the story. The present undertaking is drawn from the theoretical frontiers of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and the analytical lens of transitivity model, backed by the methodological locale of Corpus Linguistics (CL). The study reveals that although Okonkwo, Unoka, Ezinma, Ekwefi and Mr. Brown are attributed material processes (MaPs); mental processes (MePs); relational processes (RePs); and verbal processes (VePs), significant differences exist not only in how the allotted process-types are mapped per character but also on how they impact on characterisation.
2023

This study attempts to answer three questions regarding how health warnings that adorn Swedish cigarette packages affects the consumer on a grammatical and a semiotic level. To investigate this, the health warnings has been analysed in order to identify the grammatical and semiotic components impact on the coniditons for the messages to influence the recipicent. By examining two different designs of health warnings from the tobacco directive from 2014 and 2016, and to take part in a focus groups opinions, this study revealed different factors that enable or limit the consumer to perceive and embrace that which is conveyed in these specific health warnings.

This study aims to examine how meaning and value is created in IKEA’s internal and external means of communication. I want to see if the values expressed in the internal and external communication tangent. I will additionally inspect how IKEA present themselves depending on whether the recipients are internal coworkers or external customers. The last thing to be inspected is the internal and external “ideal reader”, which is translated from the Swedish term “modelläsare” (Björkvall 2003). Furthermore, the objective of the study is to contribute to the field of linguistic research. This is done by exposing how values are used to shape different versions of the identity of organizations internally and externally. The internal documents consist of a vision and a “värdegrund”, in English called “fundamental values”, and the external communication entails three images from the advertising campaign “Where life happens”. I analyzed the material through the ideational metafunction belonging to the theory of systemic functional grammar and through a sociosemiotic multimodal analysis. The result reveals that nearly all of the expressed values occur both internally and externally. An example of prominent values is togetherness, inclusiveness and openness. However, the way in which IKEA present themselves towards internal and external target audiences varies markedly, as does the constructed ideal reader. The internal ideational representation of IKEA marks the coworker as part of the organization. At the same time multiple demands describing how the coworker should act and think greatly constricts and controls the internal audience. The external recipients, however, are free to be of a varying kind. IKEA expresses how the external target audience includes everyone. As a result, there are no expectations of who the external ideal reader should be, with one exception. The internal and external ideal readers are both part of a community, as contrasting to being portrayed as solitary.

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No ano de 2016 o Brasil vivenciou mais um processo de impeachment em sua recente democracia. A partir de tal acontecimento, foi estabelecido o tema do estudo, qual seja, uma análise linguística dos textos produzidos em mídia digital no período de janeiro a setembro do ano em questão. Assim, este trabalho tem por objetivo geral analisar linguisticamente textos jornalísticos em português brasileiro que tratam do processo de impeachment da presidente Dilma Rousseff. A Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2014) foi o viés teórico escolhido para analisar esses textos e, devido à extensão do corpus, foi necessária a utilização de métodos extraídos da Linguística de Corpus (BERBER SARDINHA, 2004). A Metafunção Ideacional foi escolhida para ser o escopo de análise do estudo. A motivação da pesquisa surge no instante em que há uma necessidade de descrição do momento histórico pelo qual a sociedade brasileira está passando e de como este vem sendo construído ideacionalmente nas mídias digitais. Houve a compilação de dois corpora: um corpus de estudo e outro de referência. O corpus de estudo é composto de textos jornalísticos e o corpus de referência é composto por textos acadêmicos. A fim de obter as palavras-chave do corpus de estudo, ambos os corpora foram combinados no programa computacional WordSmith Tools. Após essa etapa, foram selecionadas as dez palavras-chave mais frequentes no papel de substantivos para que os Participantes com tais palavras-chave fossem anotados, utilizando o CROSF (FEITOSA, 2006). Os resultados mostram que os Participantes com as palavras-chave ocorrem em sua maioria no âmbito dos Processos prototípicos (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2014). Grande parte dos Participantes com as palavras-chave também realizam o papel de Sujeito Lógico das orações. Por fim, pode-se concluir que majoritariamente os Participantes com as palavras-chave estão vinculados aos Processos Materiais, Relacionais e Verbais.
Brazil went through an impeachment process in 2016. Based on this event, the theme has been established, that is, a linguistic analysis of online texts in the period from January to September of that year. Thus, this thesis aims to analyse linguistically journalistic texts in Brazilian Portuguese that tackle president Dilma Rousseff’s impeachment process. Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014) has been the theory chosen for analysing these texts. Due to the corpus size, the use of methods from Corpus Linguistics (Berber Sardinha, 2004) was necessary. Ideational Metafunction has been chosen as scope of analysis. The motivation of the research lies in the fact that the description of the historical moment whereby Brazilian society is going through is necessary as well as of how this moment has been constructed ideationally in digital media. A study corpus and a reference corpus were compiled. The former consists of journalistic texts, and the latter consists of academic texts. In order to obtain the keywords from the study corpus, both corpora were combined on WordSmith Tools software. After that, the ten most frequent keywords, namely nouns, were selected so that the Participants with these keywords were annotated by using CROSF (Feitosa, 2006). Results show that the Participants with the keywords occur mostly in the realm of prototypical Processes (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014). Most Participants with the keywords are also Logical Subjects in the clauses. Lastly, it can be concluded that Participants with the keywords are mainly linked to Material, Relational, and Verbal Processes.

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This study aims at researching a cacique s worldview of himself, of his people and of the white man. Halliday s Systemic Functional Grammar (1984) is used as theoretical background: the ideational and the interpersonal metafunctions were used in order to analyze the cacique s linguistic representations of reality. Indigenous Anthropology (Junqueira 2000) is also part of the theory since it defines culture by observing linguistic processes. A number of works has dealt with the indigenous question, but none of them actually researched the worldview of a cacique Guarani from Aracruz, ES, under the SFG theory. Thus, this project is an attempt to make a real contribution to the Discourse Analysis field. The interviews with the cacique are the corpus. When asked what his view of himself was, he answered that he considerers himself as an active leader who is always ready to fight for the rights of his people. The cacique has a positive view of his people and considers them the real owners of the land. However, he has a negative view of the white man, who is seen as the one who destroys, kills, and is not punished for breaking the law. We hope to have contributed to Language Studies by showing that the choices made by speakers are meaningful and directly related to their worldview. This work intends to provide Applied Linguistics with and original contribution. It also presents and discusses future limitations, possible topics to be discussed in the future and suggestions of sociological applications of the results
Esta pesquisa de mestrado teve como objetivo principal verificar as visões de mundo que o cacique tem de si mesmo, do seu povo e do homem branco. Para tanto, este trabalho encontrou suporte teórico na Gramática Sistêmico Funcional de Halliday (1984) levando em conta metafunção ideacional para analisar a representação lingüística da realidade feita pelo cacique, e a metafunção interpessoal que considera a língua como elemento fundamental para expressar relações sociais, e para estabelecer esses relacionamentos. Além da GSF e da LC, o projeto desenvolvido para este volume fundamentou-se na Antropologia indígena (Junqueira 2000) que parte de uma concepção de cultura a partir da observação da linguagem. Há vários trabalhos que lidam com a questão indígena, entretanto nenhum deles enfocou o problema da construção de visão de mundo de um cacique guarani de Aracruz , ES à luz da GSF, conforme proposto aqui. Desta forma, o projeto buscou fazer uma contribuição original para o estudo do deste discurso. O corpus empregados na pesquisa foi entrevistas em português com o cacique de uma aldeia Guarani de Aracruz, Espírito Santo. Em resposta à primeira pergunta de pesquisa, qual a visão de mundo que o Cacique constrói de si mesmo, viu-se que ele se vê como um líder ativo e que diz lutar pelos direitos do seu povo. Quanto à segunda pergunta, a visão sobre o seu povo, o cacique vê seu povo de forma positiva como sendo os verdadeiros donos da terra. Em relação à terceira pergunta, a visão sobre o homem branco, os resultados sugeriram que o cacique constrói uma visão de mundo negativa, pois o homem branco destrói, mata, burla as leis e ainda assim fica sem punição. A pesquisa pretende ter contribuído para os estudos da linguagem sob o viés da GSF ao mostrar por meio das escolhas lingüísticas de um falante que podemos analisar quais as visões de mundo que ele constrói sobre determinados fatos e pessoas que o cercam. Assim este trabalho pretende trazer uma contribuição original para a Lingüística Aplicada. Apresenta e discute ainda, as limitações bem como possíveis temas de pesquisas para o futuro, além de possíveis sugestões de aplicações sociológicas dos resultados