Relevant bibliographies by topics / Identification of transformation products

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Academic literature on the topic 'Identification of transformation products'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Identification of transformation products"

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Li, Adela Jing, Oliver J. Schmitz, Susanne Stephan, Claudia Lenzen, Patrick Ying-Kit Yue, Kaibin Li, Huashou Li, and Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung. "Photocatalytic transformation of acesulfame: Transformation products identification and embryotoxicity study." Water Research 89 (February 2016): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.035.

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Fang, L., W. E. Wood, and D. G. Atteridge. "Identification and range quantification of steel transformation products by transformation kinetics." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 28, no. 1 (January 1997): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-997-0078-6.

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Yoshizako, Fumiki, Atsuo Nishimura, and Mitsuo Chubachi. "Identification of algal transformation products from alicyclic ketones." Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering 77, no. 2 (January 1994): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0922-338x(94)90313-1.

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Kosjek, Tina, Noelia Negreira, Ester Heath, Miren López de Alda, and Damià Barceló. "Aerobic activated sludge transformation of vincristine and identification of the transformation products." Science of The Total Environment 610-611 (January 2018): 892–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.061.

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Cao, Fei, Mengtao Zhang, Shoujun Yuan, Jingwei Feng, Qiquan Wang, Wei Wang, and Zhenhu Hu. "Transformation of acetaminophen during water chlorination treatment: kinetics and transformation products identification." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23, no. 12 (March 17, 2016): 12303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6341-x.

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HONG, Jongki, Do-Gyun KIM, Chaejoon CHEONG, Seung-Yong JUNG, Mi-Ran YOO, Kang-Jin KIM, Tae-Kwan KIM, and Yoon-Chang PARK. "Identification of Photolytical Transformation Products of Pentachlorophenol in Water." Analytical Sciences 16, no. 6 (2000): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.16.621.

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Casado, Jorge, Isaac Rodríguez, María Ramil, and Rafael Cela. "Identification of antimycotic drugs transformation products upon UV exposure." Journal of Hazardous Materials 289 (May 2015): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.031.

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Helbling, Damian E., Juliane Hollender, Hans-Peter E. Kohler, Heinz Singer, and Kathrin Fenner. "High-Throughput Identification of Microbial Transformation Products of Organic Micropollutants." Environmental Science & Technology 44, no. 17 (September 2010): 6621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es100970m.

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Soufan, M., M. Deborde, and B. Legube. "Aqueous chlorination of diclofenac: Kinetic study and transformation products identification." Water Research 46, no. 10 (June 2012): 3377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.03.056.

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Headley, John V., Kerry M. Peru, John R. Lawrence, and Gideon M. Wolfaardt. "Tandem mass spectrometric identification of transformation products in degradative biofilms." Analytical Chemistry 67, no. 11 (June 1995): 1831–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00107a012.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Identification of transformation products"

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Pflug, Nicholas Craig. "Identification of bioactive products from environmental transformation of steroids." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5979.

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For bioactive chemical classes, it is often assumed that environmental transformation eliminates associated ecosystem risks. However, for endocrine-active steroid hormones, modest changes in structure can have a significant influence on biological activity and thus, subtle environmental transformations can yield products with conserved, enhanced, or activity across different biological endpoints. The aim of this work was to explore the environmental fate of high potency, endocrine-active steroid hormones during natural or engineered water processes in order to test the hypothesis that steroid transformation products generated during these processes are likely to contribute to residual bioactivity often reported in water resources. Specifically, laboratory experiments were used to simulate chemical disinfection (e.g., chlorination) or natural processes (e.g., photolysis) to: (i) determine the rate and extent of steroid transformation, (ii) isolate and identify products that are formed, and (iii) evaluate products or product mixtures for biological activity. These experimental results can be used to help guide occurrence studies for any products of concern in the environment and also guide computational predictions or rationalizations of chemical reactivity. Ultimately, the goal is to expand upon our awareness and understanding of how these potent endocrine ligands behave in the environment and how they potentially affect ecosystem health. Chapter 2 discusses the reaction of glucocorticoids (GC)s with aqueous chlorine (effectively, HOCl) to simulate their fate during engineered drinking water and wastewater chemical disinfection. Numerous transformation pathways were unveiled, including interconversion of GCs (e.g., endogenous cortisol to synthetic prednisolone), production of known androgens in the adrenosterone class, and chlorination of GCs (e.g., formation of 9-chloro-prednisone). We also showed that other advanced processes (e.g., oxidation via ozonation) result in more complete degradation of such pollutants, and may be better alternatives to chemical disinfection at eliminating bioactive steroidal product formation. In Chapter 3, results of the direct photolysis of dienogest (DNG), a widely prescribed oral contraceptive agent, are presented to simulate its fate in natural sunlit surface waters and engineered photochemical treatment systems (e.g., UV disinfection systems). The major products (~ 80% of the converted mass in neutral aqueous solutions) were identified to be photohydrates resulting from photochemical-induced incorporation of water into parent DNG. These products were found to be prone to dehydration in the dark, and thus, a source of substantial DNG regeneration (~ 65% after 72 h in neutral solutions). Other minor, non-revertible products were also identified, including two known estrogens. Although minor in initial yield, these estrogens are likely to accumulate over time through repeated cycling between DNG and its photohydrates, and thus, dominate DNG long-term fate. It was also found that DNG undergoes an unusual photochemical rearrangement to produce a minor product with a novel tetracyclic ring system--the subject of Chapter 4. Further, the generality of this unique photorearrangement process was explored through extension to the photolysis of two other dienone pharmaceutical steroids (e.g., the androgens methyldienolone and dienedione). Surprisingly, despite the significant change in core steroidal structure, the rearrangement products retain some progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) bioactivity (i.e., low-µM to sub-nm EC50 values). Again, these represent other non-revertible, minor products that are likely to accumulate over time, with likely adverse ecological consequences. Chapter 5 covers results arising from the direct photolysis of trenbolone acetate (TBA) metabolites in the presence of model nucleophiles (e.g., sodium azide, sodium thiosulfate, ammonium hydroxide, hydroxylamine, and humic acid), some of which would be expected to be present, along with TBA metabolites, in agriculturally-impacted water resources. Previous studies by our group revealed that TBA metabolites undergo photohydration-thermal dehydration cycling, like that described above for DNG photolysis. The objective of this study was to determine if other nucleophiles would outcompete water for photochemical incorporation across the TBA metabolite extended conjugation system. It was found that TBA metabolite photolysis results in photochemical (and at times thermal) addition of the nucleophile to the TBA metabolites. It was also found that the addition products undergo thermal elimination in the dark and contribute to TBA metabolite regeneration, and therefore, are expected to increase TBA metabolite persistence in water resources. Finally, Chapter 6 discusses the reactions of various trienone and dienone steroids with aqueous chlorine to simulate their fate during engineered drinking water and wastewater chemical disinfection. Single-step transformation pathways were unveiled for each steroid class, including 4-chlorination (trienones) and 9,10-epoxidation (dienones). Chlorination at position C-4 is known to enhance anabolic potency of androgenic steroids and the 9,10-epoxy products were found to undergo acid- or base-catalyzed ring-opening and aromatization to yield known estrogenic products. In addition, Chapter 7 provides conclusions and future directions, while Chapter 8 details the experimental methods and procedures used throughout this thesis. Collectively, the results presented herein confirm our overall hypothesis that steroid transformation products would be expected to contribute to residual biological activity often detected in water resources. Furthermore, the results indicate that the transformation of high potency pharmaceuticals does not automatically equate with reduction or elimination of hazards to exposed organisms, especially in cases where such compounds have potential to form products exhibiting diverse biological endpoints. More holistic approaches to risk assessment of such high potency environmental contaminants are needed in order to accurately assess the fate and effects of such emerging pollutant classes and their bioactive transformation products.
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Žonja, Božo. "Identification and Fate of Known and Unknown Transformation Products of Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic System." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401594.

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Pharmaceuticals which are used worldwide are designed to facilitate the life for the human society and have an important role in treatment and prevention of disease for both humans and animals. They are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment and are mainly derived from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to their low removal rate. Therefore, their presence in the environment is directly linked to the human impact. Various biological and abiotic processes in the environment can transform them to transformation products (TPs). In many cases, transformation is already initiated in the human body by a variety of drug-metabolizing enzymes. The metabolites formed through human metabolism present some modifications in their chemical structures that can differ in physicochemical properties to their parent compound. Once they are excreted from the human body, both the unmetabolised parent drug and their metabolites enter WWTPs by means of the sewer system. Since the WWTPs are not designed to remove completely pharmaceutical residues, the fraction not removed after the treatment will eventually end up in the receiving water bodies. Consequently, due to pharmaceutical transformations in the human body, biotransformations in WWTPs and phototransformations in surface water, they can potentially produce a high number of TPs in real world samples which makes their identification a challenge. In this thesis, two different approaches (TPs profiling and suspect screening) based on high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for the detection and identification of TPs of pharmaceuticals were investigated. TPs profiling approach was applied for the identification of phototransformation products of an antiviral zanamivir (ZAN) in batch reactors filled with surface water. On the other hand, suspect screening approach was applied for evaluation of transformation, prioritization and identification of photoTPs of six iodinated contrast media in surface water. Finally, a combination of suspect and TPs profiling approach was applied for the detection of TPs of an anticonvulsant lamotrigine and its main human metabolite lamotrigine N2-glucuronide which were formed as the result of their degradation in both activated sludge and pH dependent hydrolysis. The TPs profiling approach for evaluation of these transformations is illustrated in the example of photodegradation of an antiviral ZAN with identification of its TPs in surface water (Chapter 3.). Here a set of lab- scale experiments was performed in order to determine the susceptibility of ZAN towards photodegradation under simulated and natural sunlight. The identification of the TPs was performed using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HILIC-HRMS) where four photoTPs were tentatively identified and their proposed structures were rationalized by photolysis mechanisms. Kinetic experiments showed that photodegradation kinetics of ZAN in surface waters would proceed with slow kinetics since upon exposure of aqueous solutions of surface water (20 μg L-1) to simulated sunlight, ZAN was degraded with t1/2 of 3.6 h. Under natural sunlight irradiating surface water, about 30 % of the initial concentration of the antiviral disappeared within 18 days. However, when ZAN and its TPs were retrospectively screened from surface water extracts, neither the parent nor the TPs were detected. The results of this TP profiling used for the identification of TPs of ZAN, although straightforward, suggests that it is not suitable when dealing with a considerably elevated number of TPs formed in batch experiments. However, time and effort needed to be optimised for the structure elucidation of 108 photoTPs of six iodinated contrast media (ICM) (Chapter 3.). Again, the photodegradation study was performed in surface water spiked with the ICMs using a sunlight lab-scale simulator. 108 TPs were generated and each photoTP was characterised by its unique exact mass of the molecular ion and retention time and added to a suspect list. Once the suspect list was generated, the photoTPs were searched in thirteen surface water samples which were extracted using a generic solid- phase extraction method (four cartridges of different chemistries in order to retain ample number of compounds with different chemical properties). Based on their detection frequency (those TPs with the frequency higher than 50 % were deemed important), eleven TPs were prioritized and their structures elucidated by HRMS and NMR (when possible). Out of the eleven prioritised TPs, ten were formed as the result of deiodination (either by deiodination, oxidative deiodination or intramolecular elimination). In the real surface water samples, median concentration of parent compounds was 110 ngL-1 reaching up to 6 µgL-1 for iomeprol while TPs were found at median concentration of 8 ngL-1, reaching up to 0.4 µgL-1 for iomeprol TP651-B. Here detection-based prioritization served as a crucial step to reduce the number of TPs to be identified and thereby reducing costs and time for the subsequent target analysis. This time-effective approach not only guaranties that the degradation products elucidated would be found, but also that they are environmentally relevant. In summary, the proposed screening approach facilitates the evaluation of the degradation of polar compounds at a real scale with a fast detection of TPs without prior availability of the standards. Approach used for detection and identification of TPs of ICM in Chapter 3 was an example of suspect screening where the suspect list of TPs was generated at lab-scale, In Chapter 4, the work started with a suspect screening of lamotrigine (LMG) and related compounds (its human metabolites, synthetic impurities and photoTPs) which were listed from the literature and searched in wastewater and surface water samples. As the result of suspect screening, LMG, three human metabolites and a LMG synthetic impurity (OXO-LMG) were detected in the screened samples. Preliminary results showed significantly higher concentrations of OXO-LMG in wastewater effluent, suggesting its formation in the WWTPs. However, biodegradation reactors amended with mixed liquor at neutral pH showed that LMG is resistant to biodegradation with only about 5 % elimination after 6 days. Since LMG is extensively and predominantly metabolised by phase II metabolism to its N2-glucuronide, this metabolite (LMG-N2-G) was degraded following the same experimental setup. Results showed that this metabolite was the actual source of the TP detected. Additionally, in batch experiments, LMG-N2-G was transformed, following pseudo-first kinetics, to three TPs as a result of i) deconjugation (to LMG), ii) oxidation of the glucuronic acid (to LMG-N2-G-TP430) and iii) amidine hydrolysis in combination with deconjugation (to OXO-LMG). In order to further rationalize the formation of the TP OXO-LMG, the stability of LMG-N2-G and related compounds was studied as a function of pH in the range of 4 – 9. Same as during biodegradation, LMG was stable across the entire pH range tested. However, LMG-N2-G was transformed to three TPs at neutral – basic pH. They were identified as TPs formed after hydrolysis of amidine and guanidine moieties. The third TP detected was an intermediated in the guanidine hydrolysis reaction. Kinetic experiments in wastewater samples at different concentration (20 and 200 nM) and pH (pH 6.5, 7, 8, 8.5 and 9) demonstrated that while the degradation constants were concentration independent, at higher pH, LMG-N2-G degraded at higher rate. The pH-dependent stability experiments of related compounds with different nitrogen N2-substituents on the 1,2,4-triazine ring showed that reaction of amidine and guanidine hydrolysis depends on imine tautomer equilibrium whose formation depends directly on the N2-supsitutent. LMG- N2-G major abiotic TP (amidine hydrolysis TP) was detected in hospital effluent and WWTP influent samples. Having in mind the concentrations of both biotic and abiotic TPs detected, a total mass balance at two- concentration levels batch reactors was closed at 86% and 102%, respectively. In three WWTPs total mass balance of LMG-N2-G ranged from 71-102%. Finally, LMG-N2-G and its TPs were detected in surface water samples with median concentration ranges of 23–186 ngL-1. The work presented in this chapter gives a new insight into the behaviour of glucuronides of pharmaceuticals, suggesting that they might also be sources of yet undiscovered, but environmentally relevant TPs.
Els productes farmacèutics, l'ús dels quals s'estén a nivell mundial, estan dissenyats per millorar la qualitat de vida de la societat i juguen un paper clau en el tractament i la prevenció de malalties, tant en homes com en animals. Aquests compostos químics es troben de forma ubíqua en el medi ambient. Això es deu principalment a les estacions depuradores d'aigua residual (EDARs), les quals no són capaces d'eliminar de manera eficient aquest tipus de compostos, ja que no estan dissenyades amb aquesta finalitat. Per tant, la presència de fàrmacs en el medi ambient està directament relacionada amb l'activitat humana. Un cop al medi ambient, l'estructura d'aquests compostos pot ser modificada per diferents processos biològics i abiòtics, generant-se així els que es coneixen com a productes de transformació (PTs). De fet, la transformació dels fàrmacs pot iniciar-se en alguns casos en el cos humà, després de la seva administració a causa de l'activitat metabòlica dels diferents enzims que posseeix l'home. Els metabòlits formats en aquests processos presenten algunes modificacions en les seves estructures químiques pel que fa al compost original, i, en conseqüència, unes propietats fisicoquímiques diferents. Un cop excretats, tant el fàrmac original no metabolitzat com els seus metabòlits arriben a les EDARs mitjançant la xarxa de sanejament municipal d'aigües residuals. La fracció d'aquests compostos que no s'elimina en els diferents tractaments realitzats en l'EDAR, es descarrega juntament amb l'efluent de la planta als aigües receptores. El gran nombre de transformacions que poden experimentar els fàrmacs en el seu cicle de vida a causa del seu metabolisme en el cos humà, la seva biotransformació per microorganismes i la seva fototransformació per llum solar, pot generar un nombre molt elevat de PTs en el medi ambient, i, per tant, la identificació dels mateixos, necessària per avaluar el destí dels fàrmacs en el medi ambient, és un desafiament. En el desenvolupament d'aquesta tesi es van aplicar dues aproximacions analítiques diferents: a)avaluació de perfils de PTs generats en experiments a escala de laboratori i b) anàlisi qualitativa dirigida suspect screening en mostres reals, tots dues basades en espectrometria de masses d'alta resolució (HRMS) per a la detecció i identificació de PTs de productes farmacèutics. L'aproximació d'avaluació de perfils de PTs en reactors a escala de laboratori es va aplicar per identificar productes de fototransformació (fotoPTs) de l'antiviral zanamivir (ZAN) en aigua superficial. L'aproximació de suspect screening es va aplicar per prioritzar i identificar fotoPTs de sis mitjans de contrast radiològics iodats (ICM) en aigua superficial. Finalment, una combinació de les dues aproximacions es va aplicar per detectar PTs de l’anticonvulsiu lamotrigina (LMG) i del seu principal metabòlit humà, el lamotrigina-N2-glucurònid (LMG- N2-G), resultants de la seva degradació tant en fangs activats com a reaccions d'hidròlisi a diferents valors de pH.
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Tisler, Selina Kornelia [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Zwiener. "Identification, occurrence and fate of transformation products and metabolites of fluoxetine and metformin in the aquatic environment / Selina Kornelia Tisler ; Betreuer: Christian Zwiener." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1205002499/34.

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Heuett, Nubia Vanesa. "Target and Non-target Techniques for the Quantitation of Drugs of Abuse, Identification of Transformation Products, and Characterization of Contaminants of Emergent Concern by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2194.

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Development and application of target and non-target techniques for routine analysis, identification of transformation products, and characterization of unknown compounds in water matrices using liquid-chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were explored in this dissertation. A novel analytical method based on online-SPE-LC-HRMS was developed for the detection of 18 drugs of abuse (DOAs) in raw sewage water from a college campus. Results showed the presence of 14 DOAs for which amphetamine and 11-nor-9-carcoxy-THC (THC metabolite) were the most prevalent and had the highest potential consumption rates. A second study dedicated to the identification of transformation products (TPs) generated from DOAs was conducted using a combination of HR-MS/MS and metabolic identification and structural elucidation software. Findings confirmed the presence of multiple phase I and II DOA TPs (n=35) in raw sewage influents. Concentrations of all TPs were estimated based on the parent DOAs response factors, and used to calculate the percent mole fraction contributions of each TP to the parent concentrations. High abundance and frequency (compared to the parent drug) was determined for 9 of the TPs coming from drugs like oxycodone, morphine, codeine, methadone, LSD, cocaine, and MDEA. Non-target analysis using HRMS was explored as a tool to characterize, and compare a series of interconnected water matrices along a river system. Several thousands of formulae were generated using automated heuristic rules from the full-scan acquisition at 140,000 resolution. Samples were part of a trajectory covering upstream, effluent, effluent mixing zone, downstream, drinking water intake, and treated drinking water locations. Graphical representations of the data were used to evaluate commonalities among the system. Using this approach, a total of 64 recalcitrant components were identified throughout the samples downstream of the effluent release point. Using a combination of MS/MS and computer-aid software techniques 4 out of the 64 compounds were tentatively confirmed. In addition, comparison of drinking water intake and finalized treated drinking water sites showed the presence of 1,152 chemical entities that were common to both locations; and 1,857 that were unique to the treated drinking water. Therefore, this non-target technique could be used to identify the potential formation of treatment byproducts.
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Tawk, Alice. "Photolyse et oxydation par le chlore et l'ozone de la tembotrione et de la sulcotrione : étude cinétique, identification des produits de transformation et impact sur la toxicité et la biodégradabilité." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2318.

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Aujourd’hui, la présence de pesticides dans les eaux fait l’objet d’une forte préoccupation car ils constituent un risque majeur pour la qualité des eaux. Ce travail s’est intéressé à étudier la transformation de deux herbicides de la famille des béta-tricétones, la tembotrione et la sulcotrione, lors de réactions de photolyse appliquées à leur devenir dans l’environnement et lors de l’utilisation du chlore et de l’ozone dans les filières de production d’eau potable. Dans un premier temps, la photolyse directe a été étudiée en condition de lumière polychromatique puis des expériences ont été réalisées en présence d’ions nitrate et de peroxyde d’hydrogène afin d’obtenir les constantes de réaction des molécules avec le radical hydroxyle. Dans un second temps, les constantes de réaction avec le chlore et l’ozone ont été déterminées afin de prédire leur cinétique de transformation. Des sous-produits de transformation ont été identifiés par LC-MS/MS et des mécanismes réactionnels ont été proposés. Des tests de toxicité utilisant la mesure de l’inhibition de la luminescence de Vibrio fischeri ont été réalisés en parallèle du suivi des sous-produits de transformation. Une augmentation de la toxicité a été observée lors de la photolyse et de la chloration de ces deux composés, tandis qu’une diminution a été notée au cours de l’ozonation. Enfin, une augmentation de la biodégradabilité des solutions de pesticides, déterminée par le test OCDE 301D, a été observée en cours d’ozonation et pour les premiers taux de photodégradation
Today, the presence of pesticides in water is a major concern and a threat to water quality. This work has focused on the behavior of two béta-triketones herbicides, tembotrione and sulcotrione, under photolysis with direct applications for their behavior in surface water resources, and also during chlorination and ozonation in drinking water treatment plant. First, direct photolysis was studied under polychromatic irradiations, and then experiments were conducted in the presence of nitrates and hydrogen peroxide in order to determine the rate constants of molecules with hydroxyl radical. Secondly, chlorination and ozonation kinetic rate constants were determined in order to predict their transformation kinetics. Transformation by-products were identified by LC-MS/MS and reaction mechanisms were proposed. Toxicity tests performed by using measurement of Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition were compared with the evolution of transformation by-products. An increase in toxicity was observed for both compounds during photolysis and chlorination, while it decreased under ozonation. Finally, an increase in biodegradability of pesticide solutions, determined by using the OCDE 310D test, was observed during ozonation and for the first yields of photolysis
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Cambou, Stéphanie. "Identification des composés aromatiques clés impliqués dans les comportements d'attrait ou de rejet d'un produit laitier par les consommateurs." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF21792.

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L'objectif de ce travail était les composés odorantes clés de l'arôme du camenbert et de rechercher ceux qui dont susceptibles d'induire des compotements d'attrait ou de rejet chez les consommateurs. Un nouvel outil de CPG-O à huit voies synchrones a permis de repérer et d'identifier plus de 27 composés volatils odorants majeurs dans 9 fromages représentatifs de la diversité aromatique du camenbert. Un sous-ensemble de ces composés a été sélectionné pour appréhender les préférences qu'ils sont susceptibles d'induire chez des consommateurs de camenbert. Pour cela, nous avons réalisé deux études sur deux panels d'environ 180 consommateurs répartis selon trois "segments de préférence", selon qu'ils appréciaient les camenberts "peu affinés", "typés", ou "corsés". Ces études ont permis d'acquérir des informations sur les préférences induites "hors contexte produits" et en "contexte produit" et de mettre en evidence 8 composés "préférences actifs"
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Rastogi, Tushar [Verfasser], and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Kümmerer. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Photolysis, Identification of Transformation Products - Environmental Risk Assessment for X-ray Contrast Media and Demonstrating the Feasibility of Designing Environmentally Biodegradable Derivatives Using the Example of Beta-Blockers / Tushar Rastogi. Betreuer: Klaus Kümmerer." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074758439/34.

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Fuster, Laura. "Mise en oeuvre d’une démarche intégrée pour identifier des contaminants pertinents dans l’environnement." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0880/document.

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De nos jours, l’évaluation de la qualité d’un milieu naturel repose traditionnellement sur des analyses ciblant des molécules déjà connues pour être biologiquement actives. Cependant ces molécules ne reflètent que partiellement les effets biologiques observés et la complexité des matrices environnementales. Par ailleurs, les contaminants dans l’environnement subissent des phénomènes de dégradation (hydrolyse, biodégradation, photodégradation). Ces processus peuvent conduire à la génération de produits de transformation qui sont encore trop peu pris en compte dans l’évaluation du risque, alors qu’ils sont susceptibles d’occasionner des effets toxiques plus importants que les molécules mères. L’impact écotoxicologique de ces mélanges nécessite préalablement l’obtention d’une vision globale quant à la présence et au devenir de ces molécules.Dans ce contexte, ces travaux appliquent une méthodologie pluridisciplinaire afin d’identifier des molécules préoccupantes et pertinentes à surveiller. Pour cela, ce travail s’appuie sur des analyses ciblées ultra-traces, des outils bioanalytiques, et des analyses non ciblées, qui ont été appliqués sur des échantillons environnementaux ou issus d’études en laboratoire mimant l’évolution des matrices environnementales. Au final, cette étude a permis : (1) d’identifier des molécules préoccupantes en estuaire de Seine sur la base de leur occurrence et de leur persistance, (2) d’identifier de nouveaux produits de transformation et (3) d’identifier les molécules responsables d’activités biologiques dans des matrices très complexes
To date, environmental risk assessment is based on a restricted number of molecules assessed by targeted chemical analyses. However, this approach give a partial picture of co-occurrence of known and unknown compounds. Moreover, in the aquatic environment, chemicals are not completely mineralized and are subject to abiotic and biotic processes. Transformation products (TPs) can be more toxic and more persistent than the parent compound. However, TPs are not typically included in classical monitoring and risk assessment. Because of complexity and variability of these matrices and the restricted number of molecules focused in targeted chemical analyses, selection of relevant molecules for environmental monitoring is often laborious.In this context, an integrative approach was used in order to identify chemicals of concern for a classical monitoring. This work has been realized on environmental complex samples and on laboratory-generated samples. A combination of targeted, non-targeted analyses and in vitro bioassays was performed and allowed to: (1) identify polar chemical of concern in the Seine estuary on the basis of occurrence and persistence, (2) identify new transformation products and (3) identify compounds responsible of biological activity observed in complexes matrices
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Reifenstein, Edward C. (Edward Conrad). "Understanding spatial structure : identification, transformation, evaluation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69295.

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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-103).
This thesis outlines a process of observation and transformation using formalized concepts about space, territory, and position as well as transfonnational rules implicit in these concepts. A set of references is analyzed and explained using a common graphical language which serves to locate the references within a continuum of spatial configurations. Transformational rules are developed which allow for the generation of new configurations. Some proposals are made about inhabiting these configurations and the process of formal observation and trtransformation is placed within the larger context of design.
by Edward C. Reifenstein.
M.Arch.
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Leslie, Daniel C. "Transformation of UV-Filtering Agents in the Presence of Aqueous Chlorine: Kinetics and Transformation Products." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1306282546.

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Books on the topic "Identification of transformation products"

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Somasundaram, L., and Joel R. Coats, eds. Pesticide Transformation Products. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1991-0459.

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Cable, C. J. Transformation products in groundwater. Marlow: Foundation for Water Research, 1992.

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T, Lange Frank, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Knepper, Thomas P., and Frank T. Lange, eds. Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21872-9.

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Huneck, S. Identification of lichen substances. Berlin: Springer, 1996.

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Huneck, Siegfried. Identification of lichen substances. Berlin: Springer, 1996.

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Bary-Lenger, Anne. Transformation, utilisation et industries du bois en Europe. Alleur-Liège: Éditions du Perron, 1999.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Transformation Products of Synthetic Chemicals in the Environment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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Boxall, Alistair B. A., ed. Transformation Products of Synthetic Chemicals in the Environment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88273-2.

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Lambropoulou, Dimitra A., and Leo M. L. Nollet, eds. Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118339558.

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Book chapters on the topic "Identification of transformation products"

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Kenessov, Bulat, and Lars Carlsen. "Identification (Quantitative Determination and Detection) and Fate of Transformation Products of Rocket Fuel 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine." In Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment, 627–48. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118339558.ch21.

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Calza, Paola, and Debora Fabbri. "Advanced Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques for the Identification and Structure Elucidation of Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants." In Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment, 325–50. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118339558.ch11.

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Preiss, Alfred, and Markus Godejohann. "Applications of NMR Techniques for the Identification and Structure Elucidation of Emerging Organic and Other Xenobiotic Organic Contaminants." In Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment, 351–84. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118339558.ch12.

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Seiwert, Bettina, Cindy Weidauer, Kristin Hirte, and Thorsten Reemtsma. "Lab-Based Approaches To Support the Screening and Identification of Transformation Products by LC-HRMS." In ACS Symposium Series, 67–84. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2016-1241.ch005.

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Hollender, Juliane, Heinz Singer, Dolores Hernando, Tina Kosjek, and Ester Heath. "The Challenge of the Identification and Quantification of Transformation Products in the Aquatic Environment Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry." In Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle, 195–211. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3509-7_11.

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Barışçı, S., and A. Dimoglo. "Review on the Stability of Ferrate (VI) Species in Aqueous Medium and Oxidation of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) by Ferrate (VI): Identification of Transformation By-Products." In ACS Symposium Series, 287–335. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2016-1238.ch012.

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Eisner, Peter, Ute Weisz, Raffael Osen, and Stephanie Mittermaier. "Innovative Food Products." In Biological Transformation, 37–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59659-3_4.

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Hunter, Tony. "The Functions of Oncogene Products." In Cell Transformation, 79–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5009-5_4.

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Somasundaram, L., and Joel R. Coats. "Pesticide Transformation Products Research." In ACS Symposium Series, 285–88. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1991-0459.ch020.

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Cortina-Puig, Montserrat, Gabino Bolívar-Subirats, Carlos Barata, and Silvia Lacorte. "Transformation Products of Alkylphenols." In Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment, 577–612. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118339558.ch19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Identification of transformation products"

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Camburn, Bradley A., Jason Guillemette, Richard H. Crawford, Kristin L. Wood, Dan J. Jensen, and John J. Wood. "When to Transform? Development of Indicators for Design Context Evaluation." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28951.

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Transformable products (or transformers), those with two or more functional states, are increasingly utilized by our society. As the mobility and complexity of life increases, so must the adaptability of the products which we use. To develop more adaptable products and systems, we need new design techniques. Transformer design methodology is a discipline with opportunity for expansive development. In particular, the question of deciding when a transformable design is applicable, is as yet unanswered by current research. The purpose of this study is to propose a response to the question “When to implement a transformable design approach?”, by developing and assessing a technical design method. Our novel method identifies, at an early stage in the design process, when developing a transformable product is likely to be advantageous. A brief review of how prior research efforts which categorize transformers has been included. This review helps define what a transformer is, and acts as a segue to understanding when to use transformational designs. Both a deductive and an inductive study are used to identify transformation indicators, primary context properties and usage factors that identify “When to transform?” Our technique seeks to enhance the process of design by simultaneously reducing process complexity and broadening the design scope. The result of this study is a set of basic transformation indicators. Two applications are provided for the use of these indicators: identification of whether transformation is a viable solution branch to a particular design problem statement; and simplified development of new transformers by functionally examining a usage environment or process.
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Choroev, Kalybek. "Optimization of the Structure of the Economy of Regions." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02160.

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The article reveals the negative role played by the existing sectoral imbalances in the development of the regions of the Kyrgyz Republic and substantiates the need for a qualitative transformation of the structure of the economy. An approach to optimizing the sectoral structure of the regional economy is proposed, based on the identification of priority and auxiliary industries with stable links. As a target function of optimization of the sectoral structure of the region, the coefficient of structural independence is proposed. The coefficient of structural independence is calculated as the ratio of exports and imports of industries. Using it, you can calculate the indicator of the closedness of the economic sector (system). The proposed model can be used to optimize the sectoral structure of the regions of the Kyrgyz Republic to optimize and make informed decisions in the formation of a regional industrial policy aimed at providing an accelerating increase in industrial production, stimulating exports of products with a high share of added value.
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Bajaj, Manas, Russell S. Peak, and Christiaan J. J. Paredis. "Knowledge Composition for Efficient Analysis Problem Formulation: Part 2 — Approach and Analysis Meta-Model." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35050.

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In Part 1 we presented technical background and a gap analysis leading to the identification of five requirements for a methodology for efficient formulation of analysis problems for VTMB design alternatives. These requirements are founded on (a) abstraction of analysis knowledge as modular, reusable, computer-interpretable, analyst-intelligible building blocks, and (b) automated creation, reconfiguration, and verification of analysis models. In this paper (Part 2), we present an example scenario to overview the Knowledge Composition Methodology (KCM) that is aimed at satisfying these requirements. The methodology is founded on analysis knowledge building blocks and a model transformation process based on graph transformations. With KCM an analyst may automatically compose an analysis model from a design model and these building blocks. In this paper, we focus on the analysis knowledge component of this methodology (illustrated for structural and thermal disciplines), and describe four dimensions of analysis knowledge. Using these dimensions, we develop a decision template for analysts to create specifications for analysis models. Analysis models can be automatically created from a given specification using model transformation techniques (not described in this paper). We leverage the notion of choices and decisions to (a) define primitive and complex building blocks of analysis knowledge, and (b) formalize an analysis meta-model that represents the structure of analysis models. We also relate this analysis meta-model to the NIST Core Product Model (CPM2). The envisioned methodology impact is a formal and systems-oriented foundational approach for analysis problem formulation that is time- and cost-effective.
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Tao, Jing, Zhaorui Chen, Suiran Yu, and Qingjin Peng. "Study on UGNX-LCA Integration for Sustainable Product Development." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60463.

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It is beneficial to conduct LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) during early stages of product development, as the earlier the environmental problems associated with the product life cycle are discovered, the less costly and more effective the preventing measures are. However, due to the lack of data communication tools between CAD and LCA systems, life cycle data collection during design stage is difficult. This paper presents a feature-based method of UGNX-LCA integration for sustainable product development. A feature-based multi-view life cycle model for integrating product-process-LCI (Life Cycle Inventory) data is developed based on mapping mechanism between engineering domains of product design, process planning and LCA. Data migration from UGNX models to LCA, including UG modeling feature identification, UG-LC(Life Cycle) feature transformation and LC feature model output are realized by embedded integrator. A case study of data migration from UGNX to LCA is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach.
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Wimmer, Stephanie A., and Virginia G. DeGiorgi. "Interpreting Sensor Data Using Continuous Wavelet Transformations." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60552.

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Structural monitoring systems consist of a method to measure the structure’s performance at a given point in time to produce raw sensor data and the interpretation of this data in terms of presence and location of damage. This work focuses on the interpretation. The raw sensor data needs to be examined to indicate when further inspection is necessary, prior to the degradation of key structural performance parameters. Finding low levels of damage is critical to the development of a health monitoring system. This paper describes the use of the continuous wavelet transformation in the identification of damaged plates. Strain time histories are used in the algorithm. The strain histories are measured experimentally. In the past the authors have used finite element analysis to generate virtual sensor data. The authors track how the wavelet maximas change as damage accumulates. Various excitations are used to determine their affect.
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Kalinin, Oleg, Maksim Elfimov, and Timur Baybolov. "Exploration Drilling Management System Based on Digital Twins Technology." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205994-ms.

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Abstract Digital transformation of oil and gas companies requires consistent improvement of work performance management. Oil and gas companies strive to improve work efficiency and consistently develop and implement digital products. The realization of such complicated solutions requires deep diving into current business processes and transformation of them. This paper deals with implementation of digital management system for exploration and production wells. Digital management system for exploration and production wells is based on ideology of digital twin and act as a single window and single source of data for all exploration and production wells. Digital management system covers whole construction process started from planning stage to execution and results assessment and orchestrates the exchange of data between process phases and people involved in it. Transparency provided by the digital twin improves efficiency and accelerates well construction process. Cognitive assistants based on AI and ML techniques are implemented at every stage: while planning, the assistants search analogue wells, analyze its design and complications while drilling and provide recommendations for the most optimal well design, offers the optimum drilling mud density and recommends the most suitable set of logs to cover geological section uncertainty. At the execution stage, a number of ML assistants are used to increase efficiency and reduce risks while drilling: automatic method for anomaly detection while drilling to prevent complications while drilling, machine learning based model for automatic torque and drag control to control borehole condition to predict any signs of differential stuck, key sitting and pack-off, data-driven model for drilling bit position and direction determination to predict BHA position while drilling including a blind zone, data-driven model for the identification of the rock type at a drilling bit for correct geosteering application.
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Ren, Chengyuan, Huiqing Guo, and Yuting Mei. "Artistic Transformation of Used Products." In 3rd International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icadce-17.2017.108.

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Sosa, Ricardo, Kristin L. Wood, and Rajesh E. Mohan. "Identifying Opportunities for the Design of Innovative Reconfigurable Robotics." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35568.

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The creative design of reconfigurable robots presents challenges that can be tackled by the application of transformation principles for innovative design. This paper extends previous work in the systematic extraction of transformation principles in mechanical systems and reports new results that apply to the design of innovative reconfigurable robotics. Definitions of key terms are revised and a deductive research approach is used to expand and complement the conceptual classification of design operators (principles, facilitators and guidelines) based on semantic analysis of lexical structure, written and spoken conventions. The aim of this work is to produce a comprehensive taxonomy and semantic representation that can be used in the systematic identification of opportunities for the design of innovative solutions in reconfigurable robotics. This semantically robust, comprehensive and cross-domain conceptual taxonomy is tested in the mapping of large knowledge bases, demonstrating its potential to characterize large solution spaces and to identify new opportunities for the design of innovative solutions. Specialized assessments in the area of robotics and design show that this method successfully captures the qualitative reasoning of seasoned practitioners and has a clear potential to inform the design of innovative transformer designs.
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Šoštarić, Marko, Marijan Jakovljević, Orsat Lale, Krešimir Vidović, and Saša Vojvodić. "Sustainable Urban Mobility Boost Smart Toolbox." In Public Transport & Smart Mobility. Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences, University of Zagreb, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptsm.2020.6.

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Traffic system analysis and planning is a very complex process that requires quality input data collected on a relevant sample and over a relevant time period. The project Sustainable Urban Mobility Boost Smart Toolbox aims at development of the methodology (toolbox) in data rich reality, which is combining traditional and novel data science approach for transport system analysis and planning. It enables digital transformation of existing (traditional, ingrained) analytic methodologies by novel utilization of mobile network infrastructure as urban mobility data sources (spatio-temporal data on population migrations gathered from anonymized mobile network logs) and data science capabilities. The project is funded by the EIT Urban Mobility Regional Innovation Scheme RIS 2020. The end product will provide transport planners with insight in spatial distribution of commuters and their transport means. Also, it will propose methodology for the identification and implementation of the measures for improvement of the transport system based on input data. Primary goal of the Project is to provide universal methodology suitable for any city to create sustainable transport system.
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Đurđević, Stefan, Dragoljub Novaković, and Željko Zeljković. "Development of products state identification application." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p61.

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The subject of this paper is the development and design solution of an application for product identification with smart packaging. The main goal of the study is to examine the functionality of a relatively new application design program "Adobe XD" company - "Adobe" as well as creating an application that will allow each user to very easily navigate through it. The main goal of the application is to give the user more information about the product than the packaging itself and help him choose the right product. The development of the application was preceded by research in the field of smart packaging and product state identification. This paper aims to set up an intuitive system in the form of a mobile application that would identify the product state and the information would be unambiguously obtained on the mobile device screen.
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Reports on the topic "Identification of transformation products"

1

Berry, Steven, and Philip Haile. Identification in Differentiated Products Markets. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21500.

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Grove, J. W., and G. S. Samuelsen. Transformation of Nitrogen Oxides while Sampling Combustion Products. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada152184.

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Anderson, Jason, Peter Shepard, and Ron Valente. Catalytic Transformation of Waste CO{sub 2} into Valuable Products. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1127075.

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Gutierrez-Hartmann, Arthur. Identification of Structural Domains of ESX Required for Breast Cell Transformation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396817.

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Gutierrez-Hartmann, Arthur. Identification of Structural Domains of ESX Required for Breast Cell Transformation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418640.

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Gutierrez-Hartmann, Arthur. Identification of Structural Domains of ESX Required for Breast Cell Transformation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427070.

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Gutierrez-Hartmann, Arthur. Identification of Structural Domains of ESX Required for Breast Cell Transformation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada407404.

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Berry, Steven, and Philip Haile. Nonparametric Identification of Differentiated Products Demand Using Micro Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27704.

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Berry, Steven, and Philip Haile. Identification in Differentiated Products Markets Using Market Level Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15641.

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Thorne, Philip G., and Daniel C. Leggett. Investigations of Explosives and Their Conjugated Transformation Products in Biotreatment Matrices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada361904.

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