Academic literature on the topic 'Identity anchorages'

We have developed methodology to identify the block to anchorage-independent growth and position it within the fibroblast cell cycle. Results with NRK fibroblasts show that mitogen stimulation of the G0/G1 transition and G1-associated increases in cell size are minimally affected by loss of cell anchorage. In contrast, the induction of G1/S cell cycle genes and DNA synthesis is markedly inhibited when anchorage is blocked. Moreover, we demonstrate that the anchorage-dependent transition maps to late G1 and shortly before activation of the G1/S p34cdc2-like kinase. The G1/S block was also detectable in NIH-3T3 cells. Our results: (a) distinguish control of cell cycle progression by growth factors and anchorage; (b) indicate that anchorage mediates G1/S control in fibroblasts; and (c) identify a physiologic circumstance in which the phenotype of mammalian cell cycle arrest would closely resemble Saccharomyces cerevisiae START. The close correlation between anchorage independence in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo emphasizes the key regulatory role for G1/S control in mammalian cells.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the procedures adopted by Brazilian orthodontists in the following situations: extraction space closure, anchorage control in case of necessary anchorage for group A and frequency of skeletal anchorage use, especially in the upper jaw. METHOD: A questionnaire was sent to the e-mail address of all dentists registered in the Brazilian Federal Council of Dentistry. RESULTS: The results showed that most Brazilian orthodontists usually perform extraction space closure by means of sliding mechanics. The use of palatal bar, inclusion of second molars in the archwire and space closure performed in two phases are the most used techniques for anchorage control in the upper jaw. The skeletal anchorage is referenced by 36.5% of specialists as a routine practice for the upper jaw anchorage. CONCLUSIONS: There is a wide variety of procedures adopted by Brazilian orthodontists for orthodontic space closure and anchorage control.

Rock bolts play an important supporting role in the construction of slopes, deep foundation pits and tunnels. As such, it is especially necessary to assess bolt anchorage quality. This paper proposes an identification model for bolt anchorage defects based on an Elman neural network (ElmanNN) optimised using an improved chicken swarm optimisation (CSO) algorithm and the frequency response function. First, the principal components of the frequency response functions of different anchorage bolts are used as the input within the model. Next, the weights and thresholds of the ElmanNN are optimised using an improved CSO algorithm based on chaotic disturbance and elite opposition-based learning. Finally, the model is used to identify bolt anchorage defects. The experimental results show that the model has a higher identification accuracy and faster convergence rate than other neural network models.

AbstractThis article observes a transformation in the largely essentializing, decontextualized form of identity politics that long defined political cosmology in Turkey, now in the process of negotiating accession to the European Union (EU). Accordingly, identity politics – not only the bread and butter of both Kurdish nationalism and Islamism, but also a justification for exhortations towards a limited, authoritarian democracy by Kemalists, the major power holders – is receding in favour of a civic, non-divisive political culture enabled by the EU anchorage. In danger of losing the longstanding centre–periphery configuration in an enhanced, participatory democracy and, concomitant with it, the periphery clientelism created by the waning identity politics, Kemalist nationalists, Islamists and Kurdish separatists appear to have stopped squabbling among themselves and joined forces against Turkey's EU bid.

Microimplant anchors, also known as temporary anchorage devices, mini- and micro-screws, have been used to enhance orthodontic anchorage for difficult tooth movements. Here, the authors describe how microimplants can be used to help treat craniofacial patients by supporting distraction osteogenesis procedures, maxillary protraction procedures, cleft segment expansion and stabilization, and tooth movement into narrow alveolar cleft sites. While most craniofacial patients are treated without microimplants, it would be worthwhile to identify which cases could benefit from microimplant anchorage. As an adjunct to orthodontic treatment, the microimplant offers a potential method for solving troublesome orthodontic and surgical problems such as guiding distraction procedures with orthodontics when primary teeth are exfoliating, addressing residual maxillary cants after vertical distraction osteogenesis of a ramus, stabilizing an edentulous premaxilla, and moving teeth into atrophic alveolar ridges. These cases are presented to open a dialogue on their possible uses in craniofacial patients.

PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (PREX1) is a Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) overexpressed in a significant proportion of human breast cancers that integrates signals from upstream ErbB2/3 and CXCR4 membrane surface receptors. However, the PREX1 domains that facilitate its oncogenic activity and downstream signaling are not completely understood. We identify that ERK1/2 MAPK acts downstream of PREX1 and contributes to PREX1-mediated anchorage-independent cell growth. PREX1 overexpression increased but its shRNA knockdown decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in response to EGF/IGF-1 stimulation, resulting in induction of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D1 and p21WAF1/CIP1. PREX1-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, anchorage-independent cell growth, and cell migration were suppressed by inhibition of MEK1/2/ERK1/2 signaling. PREX1 overexpression reduced staurosporine-induced apoptosis whereas its shRNA knockdown promoted apoptosis in response to staurosporine or the anti-estrogen drug tamoxifen. Expression of wild-type but not GEF-inactive PREX1 increased anchorage-independent cell growth. In addition, mouse xenograft studies revealed that expression of wild-type but not GEF-dead PREX1 resulted in the formation of larger tumors that displayed increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but not AKT. The impaired anchorage-independent cell growth, apoptosis, and ERK1/2 signaling observed in stablePREX1knockdown cells was restored by expression of wild-type but not GEF-dead-PREX1. Therefore, PREX1-Rac-GEF activity is critical for PREX1-dependent anchorage-independent cell growth and xenograft tumor growth and may represent a possible therapeutic target for breast cancers that exhibit PREX1 overexpression.

Orthodontic anchorage is a necessity for every treatment and must be carefully evaluated by the orthodontist. It is defined as the resistance to unwanted dental movement of a tooth or a number of teeth by using different techniques. The purpose of the present paper is to highlight the subperiosteal anchorage applied to orthodontics; this technique has been debated in the literature and the purpose here is to summarize the fields of application. During the first check of previous literature 548 results were found, which have been reduced to 19 selected papers after application of the inclusion criteria and the elimination of duplicates. Multiple electronic databases were searched from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2020 in order to identify papers eligible for current review. The data obtained by this review underlined the versatility of onplants used as absolute anchorage during orthodontic treatments, the advantages and disadvantages, the biomechanical properties and survival rates, and the clinical procedure. Further clinical studies and research are required to explore other kinds of application and to state specific guidelines; however, this study represents an update and a starting point for clinicians who want to use these devices and for further improvement of the technique.

AbstractTheoretical and applied research in the field of institutional discourse analysis calls for an increasing awareness of the constitutive nature of discourse in the representation and the assessment of social identities (Sarangi & Roberts 1999; Blommaert 2010; Eades 2010). The staunchly textualist accounts surviving institutional practice, however, tend to obscure complex multidiscursive and language ideologically anchored processes that mold procedural outcomes. On the basis of first-hand ethnographic data collected across legal-administrative procedures in Belgium, this article aims at revealing some meaningful contexts that have been erased in the case of an asylum seeker who became a murder victim and whose asylum file was used in the assize trial as a resource to sketch his social identity. The analysis explores the ideological functioning of textuality in the situated details of communicative practice, thereby aiming for a better understanding of the intricacies of multidiscursive identity construction in translocal procedural settings. (Institutional discourse analysis, multidiscursivity, language ideology and identity, sociolinguistic mobility, asylum procedure, assize court procedure)*

Abstract Alaska currently has the fastest growing proportion of older adults than any state in the country, and seniors are choosing to age-in-place in Anchorage in record numbers. Research shows that including older adults with community-based professionals (aging advocates, researchers, service providers) in focus group activities can provide a rich and holistic model of aging that demonstrates a robust foundation for supporting aging and addressing health disparities. This paper presents the results of a project conducted with older adults (50+ years), advocates, and other stakeholders in Anchorage using Concept Mapping (CM) methodology, a technique not often used in the gerontology literature. CM is a mixed-method, participatory approach that uses brainstorming and unstructured card-sorting combined with multivariate statistics (multi-dimensional scaling, hierarchical cluster analysis) to create a data-driven visual representation of thoughts or ideas of a community. CM is well suited to integrating perspectives from multiple points of view. Participants were prompted to address the research question: how do we think about aging in Anchorage & what are the barriers and facilitators to aging well? Results indicate services for seniors should include culturally responsive health programming, low-cost opportunities for social engagement, inclusion of older adults with intellectual/developmental disabilities, transportation considerations, navigators to locate services in Anchorage, and more. CM allowed the researchers to identify how residents view healthy aging in this urban subarctic location and brainstorm practical solutions with stakeholders and local policy-makers. This presentation will also share lessons-learned regarding the use of this participatory approach with older adults.

À la lumière de la théorie de l’identité narrative élaborée par Paul Ricœur, ce mémoire évoque la configuration identitaire des personnages dans les œuvres Cosmos et Les envoûtés de W. Gombrowicz, ainsi que To the Lighthouse et The Waves de V. Woolf. D’une part, nous analyserons l’obsession d’une mise en série aliénante dans le cas de Witold (Cosmos), suivi par un cas de dédoublement et de perte dans l’Autre chez Walczak (Les envoûtés). D’autre part, nous évoquerons le rapport à la famille (James Ramsay) en plus de l’inscription et de l’ancrage par le biais d’éléments prépondérants (The Waves). Il en résulte chez ces personnages, la conception d’une identité par l’entremise d’histoires et d’événements qui la façonnent en un parcours narratif singulier.
By the means of Paul Ricœur’s theory on narrative identity, the following thesis will examine the singular conceptions of identity in the works Cosmos and Les envoutés (W. Gombrowicz) as well as To the Lighthouse and The Waves by V. Woolf. On one hand, we will analyze the obsessive serialization behavior that Witold manifests in Cosmos followed by a case of complete loss of one’s self towards otherness. Furthermore, we will scrutinize the family turmoil between James Ramsay (To the Lighthouse) and his family members. Additionally, we will also inspect the adherence and anchoring of three protagonists towards the development of a unique perception of their environment (The Waves). Ultimately, the protagonists recognize that one’s self is intrically linked to individual stories and events that craft their own sense of being.

Au Canada, 52,2 % des enfants placés en foyers d’accueil sont autochtones, alors qu’ils ne comptent que pour 7,7 % de l’ensemble des enfants au pays (Statistiques Canada, 2016). En comparaison de leurs homologues allochtones, les mères autochtones sont plus souvent signalées en protection de la jeunesse (PJ) et tenues responsables de négligence à l’égard de leurs enfants (ÉCI – 2008 ; Sinha, Ellenbogen, and Trocmé, 2013). Les politiques coloniales, la violence institutionnalisée, les conditions socioéconomiques précaires et les difficultés parentales expliquent une part de ces constats (CVRC, 2015 ; Sinha, Trocmé, Fallon et al., 2011). D’autres études suggèrent que les incompréhensions entre les mères autochtones et l’institution de la PJ non seulement perdurent, mais tendent également à s’accentuer (Cull, 2006 ; Gosselin, 2006 ; Veenstra et Keenan, 2017). Malgré ces écarts de perspectives de part et d’autre quant aux valeurs et repères culturels qui fondent la parentalité autochtone, peu d’études qualitatives ont cherché à entendre la voix des actrices concernées afin d’éclairer leurs points de vue et de mieux comprendre leur expérience en contexte de PJ (Bennett, 2009 ; MacDonald, 2002 ; Soumagnas, 2015). Pour combler ces lacunes, la présente étude a pour objectif d’appréhender les fondements qui balisent la parentalité des mères autochtones recevant des services de la PJ et d’explorer de quelle manière leurs savoirs sont reconnus ou valorisés au contact de l’intervention. La présente recherche privilégie un cadre d’analyse constructiviste et mobilise la théorie de Berger et Luckmann (2018) et la théorie de l’action historique de Martin (2003a ; 2009). Ces théories permettent d’appréhender l’expérience des participantes à partir de leur point de vue et de leur propre construction sociale de la réalité. La mise en œuvre de la recherche s’inscrit dans une approche narrative et une méthodologie inductive et interprétative qui met en lumière l’expérience singulière et subjective des participantes. Une collecte de données a été réalisée à l’automne 2016 auprès de neuf mères innues issues d’une même communauté et dont au moins un enfant a fait l’objet de mesures de protection. Des entretiens individuels semi-directifs de type récits de vie ont été recueillis. À l’automne suivant (2017), une seconde phase de collecte de données a pris la forme d’un terrain de restitution et une validation des récits a été réalisée auprès des participantes. Fondé sur des analyses compréhensives (Kaufmann, 2004), le principal constat de l’étude établit la volonté des mères que leurs trajectoires d’adversité, leurs réalités parentales, et leurs manières singulières de concevoir leurs valeurs, leurs rôles et leurs responsabilités de parent, soient davantage pris en compte par les services en PJ. Selon les résultats de l’étude, cette reconnaissance permettrait de prioriser les liens mère – enfant – réseau familial et de garantir la sécurisation culturelle au sein de services qui correspondent mieux aux besoins des mères. En écho aux Appels à l’action de la Commission de vérité et réconciliation (CVRC, 2015), au rapport final de la Commission d’enquête sur les relations entre les Autochtones et certains services publics (CERP, 2019), et au plan de réforme législatif des services en enfance-famille autochtone, les retombées de cette étude visent à donner la parole aux mères, à fournir un éclairage sur la manière de « soutenir un système innu autonome de protection des enfants » (Guay, Grammond et Vollant, 2019 : 1) et à aiguiller les travailleurs sociaux en communauté.
In Canada 52.2% of children in foster care age 0 to 14 are Indigenous, while Indigenous children represent only 7.7% of all children in the country (Statistics Canada, 2016). Compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts, Indigenous mothers are more frequently reported to youth protection services (YP) and more often held responsible for neglecting their children (CIS-2008 ; Sinha, Ellenbogen and Trocmé, 2013). Colonial policies of dispossession, assimilation, institutionalized violence, precarious socio-economic conditions, and parental difficulties of addiction and psychological distress; account for some of these findings (TRCC, 2015; Sinha, Trocmé, Fallon et al., 2011). Furthermore, studies suggest that these trends persist and are exacerbated by differing perspectives between Indigenous mothers and YP institutions, regarding the foundational values, beliefs, and realities that underlie Indigenous parenthood (Cull 2006 ; Gosselin 2006 ; Veenstra and Keenan 2017). Despite the apparent difficulties which arise due to the differing perspectives regarding the cultural values, beliefs and realities surrounding Indigenous parenthood, few empirical studies have sought to hear the voices of the mothers in order to shed light on their points of view and better understand their experiences with the YP services (Bennett 2009 ; MacDonald 2002 ; Soumagnas 2015). In an effort to fill this gap, this qualitative study aims to understand the perspectives of parenthood held by Indigenous mothers and explore whether they consider that their perspectives are recognized and valued by child welfare services during times of intervention. This research favours a constructivist analytical framework and mobilizes Berger and Luckmann’s (2018) theories and Martin's Historical Action (2003a ; 2009). These theories allow for the understanding of participant’s experiences from their points of view and from their own social construction of reality. The implementation of the research is part of a narrative approach and an inductive and interpretive methodology that highlights the singular and subjective experience of the participants. As part of the study, a data collection phase was conducted in Fall 2016 with nine Innu mothers from the same community, of whom (at least) one child was apprehended. Semi-directed individual interviews, such as biographical narratives, were collected. A second phase of restitution and validation of the stories was completed in Fall 2017. Based on a comprehensive analyses (Kaufmann, 2004), the main finding of this study demonstrates that given respondent’s trajectories of adversity, parental realities, and their singular ways of conceiving their parental values, roles and responsibilities, YP should adapt to take Indigenous cultural perspectives into account. Furthermore, the study suggest that this acknowledgment would prioritize mother – child – family network ties and ensure cultural safety in services that better meet the needs of mothers. In regards to the Calls to Action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC, 2015) ; investigation reports on Indigenous public relations (CERP, 2019) ; and the legislative reform plan for Indigenous children and family services, this study aims to give a voice to mothers, provide insight on how to « support an autonomous, child protection innu system » (Guay, Grammond et Vollant, 2019 : 1), and orientate community social workers.

Place branding has focused on larger cities with an inherent attractiveness and a strong appeal to various stakeholders, or destinations that have undergone a transition. This development is strongly intertwined with urbanization. Drawing upon a rich qualitative and quantitative data set, our research attempts to relate inhabitant preferences to the stream of research that deals with branding to create growth in eight various-sized Swedish municipalities. When inhabitants don't agree with place branding efforts confusion emerges rather than, as intended, brand enforcement. Rural areas may have a clear advantage since there are fewer competing ideas on the place identity but have too little activity to arouse interest among a broader audience. Our research questions economic growth to be the key driver of place success. Politicians and policy-makers should consider trying to find a balance between ambitions to grow and making sure that the local community supports the efforts. Branding efforts that lack anchorage among inhabitants are unlikely to take effect.

<em>Abstract.</em>—As part of the Sustainability of the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) Salmon Fisheries Symposium held in Anchorage, Alaska during February 5–9, 2007, we identify and discuss the issues that connect the symposium’s presentations and papers (this volume), especially those focusing on AYK stock status and management. We also describe themes that, based on our experience, we know exist but were not explicitly discussed by symposium participants. Issues emerging from the symposium included: different mechanisms affecting stock abundance, cooperation between industry and management, the challenges of stock-recruit curves, effects of broad-scale environmental instability, biocomplexity and stock-specific management, management power-sharing, and conflicts among fisheries. Two unspoken themes were (1) the management tensions between up-river and down-river fishers on the Yukon and Kuskokwim rivers and between state and federal management authorities, and (2) data sharing among the scientific, management, and stakeholder communities. Understanding how escapement goals were set, and identifying where shared values exist among stakeholder groups and managers were themes that should have gained attention and discussion. Each of the themes could provide a focus for future discussion, research, and resolution, thus leading to alternative ways to manage salmon in the region.

The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) and Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) are collaborating to develop seismic capability evaluation technology for degraded structures and passive components (SPCs) under a multi-year research agreement. To better understand the status and characteristics of degradation of SPCs in nuclear power plants (NPPs), the first step in this multi-year research effort was to identify and evaluate degradation occurrences of SPCs in U.S. NPPs. This was performed by reviewing recent publicly available information sources to identify and evaluate the characteristics of degradation occurrences and then comparing the information to the observations in the past. Ten categories of SPCs that are applicable to Korean NPPs were identified, comprising of anchorage, concrete, containment, exchanger, filter, piping system, reactor pressure vessel, structural steel, tank, and vessel. Software tools were developed to expedite the review process. Results from this review effort were compared to previous data in the literature to characterize the overall degradation trends.

Postoperative deep vein thromboisis(DVT) is a frequent complication following total hip (THR) or knee (TKR)replacement but no test has been devised to identify specific patientswho will develop DVT. Because conventional prophylaxis does not significantly reduce the incidence of DVT, monitoring is widely used to detect evolving thrombosis. More intense anticoagulation (adjusted dose heparin,two step warfarin) may be effective but requires laboratory tests and carries increased risk of bleeding. Itwould be an economic and medical advantage to restrict prophylaxis and monitoring to patients who will develop DVT. Based on observations in a canine model of THR, we developed andtested a method that shows promise of being able toidentify, intraoperatively, patients who will develop DVT.In the canine model we found characteristic venous lesions (gaping tears through endothelium and basementmembrane, localized to confluences,selectively infiltrated with platelets and leukocytes). Incidence of lesions correlated with intraoperative venodilation, measured by a modified ultrasound scanner. Lesionsmight serve as sites for initiationand anchorage of thrombi. Diagnostic ultrasound was used to monitor cephalic vein diameter in 25 THR patients and 12 TKR patients. In THR patients, 1 of 9 patients with venodilation of 6-16% developed DVT. At 21-57% venodilation 12 of 12 THR patients developed thrombi. In the intermediate range of venodilation (19%,20%), 2 of 4 patients developedDVT. In 12 TKR patients, 10 had venodilation of 0-16% and none developedDVT in the non-operated leg. In patients with 22% and 55% venodilation,one did and one did not develop DVT in the non-operated leg (expectedfrcxn equal distribution between legs in THR patients).DVT in the operated leg did not correlate with venodilation. We suggest that in THR patients substances released at the operative site circulate briefly, causing venous dilation. In TKR patients the tourniquet prevented substances from being circulated, reducing venodilation and DVT in the non-operated leg. Proximitv of surgicalwound to calf veins and tourniquet pressure mav have contributed to DVT in the operated leg.