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Journal articles on the topic 'Ideophones'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Dingemanse, Mark. "Ideophones and gesture in everyday speech." Gesture 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 143–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.13.2.02din.

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This article examines the relation between ideophones and gestures in a corpus of everyday discourse in Siwu, a richly ideophonic language spoken in Ghana. The overall frequency of ideophone-gesture couplings in everyday speech is lower than previously suggested, but two findings shed new light on the relation between ideophones and gesture. First, discourse type makes a difference: ideophone-gesture couplings are more frequent in narrative contexts, a finding that explains earlier claims, which were based not on everyday language use but on elicited narratives. Second, there is a particularly strong coupling between ideophones and one type of gesture: iconic gestures. This coupling allows us to better understand iconicity in relation to the affordances of meaning and modality. Ultimately, the connection between ideophones and iconic gestures is explained by reference to the depictive nature of both. Ideophone and iconic gesture are two aspects of the process of depiction.

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Karani, Michael, and Alexander Andrason. "Ideophones in Arusa Maasai: Syntax, morphology, and phonetics." Open Linguistics 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 440–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0220.

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Abstract The present article is dedicated to the syntax, morphology, and phonetics of ideophones in Arusa Maasai. After examining the compliance of 69 ideophonic lexemes with the typologically driven prototype of an ideophone, the authors conclude that Arusa ideophones may range from canonical to non-canonical even within a single language module. When syntax, morphology, and phonetics are considered jointly, holophrastic and asyntagmatic ideophones are more canonical than ideophones used as verbal modifiers and parts of complex predicates, which are, in turn, more canonical than predicative ideophones. The extent of canonicity is inversely correlated with the systematicity and integration of ideophones in sentence grammar and their diffusion into other lexical classes: predicative ideophones have been fully incorporated into the category of verbs; for ideophones employed as verbal modifiers, a comparable incorporation into the category of adverbs has not been completed; for all the other types, especially holophrastic and asyntagmatic, ideophones still maintain their categorical individuality. Overall, ideophones constitute an “old” category in Arusa, one that is well advanced on its grammaticalization cline.

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3

Henderson, Robert. "A demonstration-based account of (pluractional) ideophones." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 26 (October 15, 2016): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v26i0.3786.

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This paper develops a novel formal semantics of ideophones that can account for their meaning and compositional properties. The proposal extends recent work on iconicity in sign languages in Davidson (2015), whose demonstration- based framework provides a formal foundation for the semantics of ideophones that captures the difference between descriptive meaning and depictive meaning, the kind of meaning ideophones traffic in. After providing a demonstration-based account of the basic ideophone construction in the Mayan language Tseltal, the paper then shows how the demonstration-based account can be used to analyze pluractionality in the ideophone domain. In particular, through case studies on Tseltal and Upper Necaxa Totonanc (Totonacan), I show that there are two previously unrecognized types of ideophonic pluractionality, and that their properties support the demonstration-based account.

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Nuckolls, Janis B. "Ideophones’ challenges for typological linguistics." Pragmatics and Society 5, no. 3 (November 14, 2014): 355–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.5.3.03nuc.

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Typological studies of motion verbs have struggled to conceptualize a framework that would adequately account for languages which make use of ideophoness for expressing manner of motion. This paper examines ideophones in the Pastaza Quichua dialect of Amazonian Ecuador, with a special focus on the structural patterns observable in two categories of Quichua verbs of motion: verbs of motion by limited translocation and verbs of motion by nonlimited translocation. These two types of verbs and their ideophones manifest 5 major patterns of verb/ideophone interaction, which may be schematized with a gradient scale of possibilities. On the one hand, verbs and their ideophones may come together and coalesce into a unity of meaning, a meaning that is, in fact, lexicalized in one verb form by other languages. On the other hand, verbs and their ideophones may be more inclined toward a ‘separatist semantics’, in which each entity expresses a conceptually distinctive action, event, or process. These patterns problematize several assumptions made in typological studies.

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Nuckolls, Janis B. "“How do you even know what ideophones mean?”." Gesture 19, no. 2-3 (December 31, 2020): 161–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.20005.nuc.

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Abstract Using data from the Northern Pastaza (qvc) and Upper Napo Quichua (quw) dialects of Amazonian Ecuador, this paper argues that the semantics of ideophones, a highly marked form class of expressive words, is principled and describable with a combination of sensori-semantic features and a fine-grained typology of gestures, based on insights from Streeck (2008) and others. Specifically, ideophones’ sensori-semantics are broken down into a semantic map consisting of 3 super- and 7 subcategorical distinctions. The greater the number of categories encoded by an ideophone’s semantics, the greater are the range of gestures used. Finally, gesture types identified by Streeck (2008) and others, were found among a very different group of people who are not western, educated, industrialized, rich, or democratic. Further research into ideophones and their gestures may find broader significance for ideophone semantics, and more generally, for the interrelations between language and gesture.

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Benson, Peace. "Ideophones in Dzə (Jenjo), an Adamawa language of Northeastern Nigeria." Language in Africa 1, no. 3 (December 25, 2020): 336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-3-336-352.

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Ideophone is a phenomenon dominant in African languages. Dzə is an under-investigated and under-documented Adamawa language found in Taraba, Adamawa and Gombe States, Northeastern Nigeria. It was noticed that the language has a lot of ideophones. It became necessary to study it to understand its importance in the language. This study is to draw the attention of scholars working on Adamawa languages and ideophones. It will also thus form part of the grammar of Dzə someday. The study of ideophone is not exhaustive, especially in the minority languages of Northeastern Nigeria. The study shows that Dzə ideophones express intensity, emphasis and description. Dzə ideophones have unique phonological features and some of the sounds found in the conventional phonology of Dzə are not found in the ideophones. The phoneme /ŋ/ is common in the coda position of the ideophones. Ideophones modify verbs, adjectives and nouns in Dzə. They also function as adverbs and are elements that constitute a noun phrase. They augment other word classes like nouns, verbs and adjectives.

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7

Akita, Kimi. "The linguistic integration of Japanese ideophones and its typological implications." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 62, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 314–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2017.6.

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AbstractThis article proposes that two linguistic systems (that is, two languages or registers) with different degrees of morphosyntactic integration of ideophones may apply the same restrictions on ideophones in different ways. In Study 1, the author shows quantitatively that the sentence-type restrictions reported for ideophones in several languages also constrain Japanese ideophones, but to a lesser extent. In Study 2, the author argues that two previously identified restrictions on Japanese ideophonic verbs appear to apply only partially to ideophonic verbs in baby talk and highly playful discourse. It is concluded that the strength of these restrictions is negatively correlated with the overall degree of morphosyntactic integration of ideophones in the language or register.

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Elders, Stefan. "Angela Bartens. Ideophones and sound symbolism in Atlantic creoles. (Suomalaisen Tiedekatemian Toimituksia/Annales Academiae Scientiarium Fennicae. Sarja-series Humaniora, 40.) Helsinki: Finnish Academy of Science and Letters and Finnish Society of Science and Letters, 2000. Pp. 198." Language in Society 31, no. 1 (January 2002): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404502261059.

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The central claim of Ideophones and sound symbolism in Atlantic creoles is that ideophones constitute a relevant category in Atlantic creoles, and that they show both functional and substantial correspondences with ideophones in African languages. The book consists of two main parts: a critical review of the literature on ideophones (Introduction; Chap. 1, “Previous treatment of ideophones and sound symbolism in the literature”; Chap. 2, “Characterization of ideophones: towards a cross-linguistic prototype”), and an etymological database of ideophones in the Atlantic creoles (Chap. 3, “The use of ideophone in the Atlantic creoles and their tentative etymologies”). Two appendices present data sources and the approximate number of ideophones in some languages. The study is based on the available literature, supplemented by data on Atlantic creoles, African languages, European languages, and two Asian languages that was obtained either from specialists on certain languages or from first-language speakers.

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Dingemanse, Mark. "Making new ideophones in Siwu." Pragmatics and Society 5, no. 3 (November 14, 2014): 384–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.5.3.04din.

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Ideophones are found in many of the world’s languages. Though they are a major word class on a par with nouns and verbs, their origins are ill-understood, and the question of ideophone creation has been a source of controversy. This paper studies ideophone creation in naturally occurring speech. New, unconventionalised ideophones are identified using native speaker judgements, and are studied in context to understand the rules and regularities underlying their production and interpretation. People produce and interpret new ideophones with the help of the semiotic infrastructure that underlies the use of existing ideophones: foregrounding frames certain stretches of speech as depictive enactments of sensory imagery, and various types of iconicity link forms and meanings. As with any creative use of linguistic resources, context and common ground also play an important role in supporting rapid ‘good enough’ interpretations of new material. The making of new ideophones is a special case of a more general phenomenon of creative depiction: the art of presenting verbal material in such a way that the interlocutor recognises and interprets it as a depiction.

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James Edionhon, Edosa. "On the Syntactic Status of Edo Ideophones." Macrolinguistics 8, no. 13 (December 30, 2020): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26478/ja2020.8.13.3.

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Ideophones are a particular lexical class of expressive words depicting perceptual events or states, and are said to be a universal or near-universal feature of language (Dingemanse, 2012:655; Kilian-Hatz, 2001:163). This paper presents an overview of Ẹdo ideophones to characterize them in terms of their occurrence in grammatical syntactic frames. It investigates what sets them apart within word classes in Ẹdo and how they differ from their non-ideophonic counterparts in sentential constructions. The Basic Linguistic Theory was adopted as the method for data analysis. This was done to show how ideophones manifest syntactically in the language. Ideophones appear in copular frames with some verbs in the language, especially the verb ‘to be’. This paper concludes that Ẹdo ideophones do not occur pre-nominally in the language.

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Nuckolls, Janis B., Tod D. Swanson, Diana Shelton, Alexander Rice, and Sarah Hatton. "Lexicography in-your-face: The active semantics of Pastaza Quichua ideophones." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 62, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 154–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2017.9.

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AbstractWe argue that a multimodal approach to defining a depictive class of words called ‘ideophones’ by linguists is essential for grasping their meanings. Our argument for this approach is based on the formal properties of Pastaza Quichua ideophones, which set them apart from the non-ideophonic lexicon, and on the cultural assumptions brought by speakers to their use. We analyze deficiencies in past attempts to define this language's ideophones, which have used only audio data. We offer, instead, an audiovisual corpus which we call an ‘antidictionary’, because it defines words not with other words, but with clips featuring actual contexts of use. The major discovery revealed by studying these clips is that ideophones’ meanings can be clarified by means of a distinction found in modality and American Sign Language studies. This distinction between speaker-internal and speaker-external perspective is evident in the intonational and gestural details of ideophones’ use.

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Marchese Zogbo, Lynell. "Ideophones in the Kru language family." Language in Africa 3, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 84–143. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2022-3-1-84-143.

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In many grammatical descriptions, ideophones are often ignored. In this paper, I attempt to do a preliminary study of ideophones in the Kru language family (Niger Congo). Though data is limited, I give an overview of various phonological, morphophonological, syntactic and semantic features of this word class, as well as make some initial observations of ideophone use in discourse. Primarily a descriptive study, I try to interact with some major claims in the literature (Blench 2010a; 2010b; Bodomo 2006; Childs 1996; 2001; 2003; 2019; Dingemanse 2012; 2019; Welmers 1973), especially in regard to African languages.

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VAN HOEY, Thomas, and Arthur Lewis THOMPSON. "The Chinese Ideophone Database (CHIDEOD)." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 49, no. 2 (October 26, 2020): 136–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-bja10006.

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Abstract This article introduces the Chinese Ideophone Database (CHIDEOD), an open-source dataset, which collects 4948 unique onomatopoeia and ideophones (mimetics, expressives) of Mandarin, as well as Middle Chinese and Old Chinese. These are analyzed according to a wide range of variables, e.g., description, frequency. Apart from an overview of these variables, we provide a tutorial that shows how the database can be accessed in different formats (.rds, .xlsx, .csv, R package and online app interface), and how the database can be used to explore skewed tonal distribution across Mandarin ideophones. Since CHIDEOD is a data repository, potential future research applications are discussed.

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Ibarretxe-Antuñano, Iraide. "Basque ideophones from a typological perspective." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 62, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 196–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2017.8.

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AbstractIdeophones are described as expressive marked linguistic units with a dramaturgic depictive function. Although commonly regarded in traditional general linguistics as rare and marginal, recent research on this topic has shown that these elements are pervasive in all languages and that they might share some linguistic characteristics across languages. This article analyses Basque ideophones from a typological perspective. The main goal is to describe the structure, meaning and function of Basque ideophones and to discuss how the Basque ideophonic system fits into the cross-linguistic characterisation of these linguistic units.

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Franco, Ludovico. "L-syntax and phono-symbolism: on the status of ideophones in complex predicates." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 62, no. 2 (February 9, 2017): 243–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2017.7.

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AbstractIn this article, the author demonstrates that verbal compound constructions involving an ideophone and a light verb represent a widespread syntactic device in the world's languages. The author provides evidence that phono-symbolic morphemes cannot be treated as ‘bare’ direct objects in such constructions. Ideophones appearing in the light verb-adjacent position form a semantic unit with the verbal predicate, despite the fact that in some languages they can be syntacticized as (bare) nouns and appear in argumental position. Specifically, ideophones in complex predicates are part of the verbal domain with which they ‘blend’ (yielding a single predicate) through the mechanism of conflation, along the lines of Hale and Keyser (1993, 2002), and building on Ramchand (2008).

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Vajda, Edward J. "Ideophones (review)." Language 79, no. 4 (2003): 723–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2003.0277.

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Danqing, LIU, and LIU Danqing. "Ideophonic reduplication of content words in Mandarin Chinese: A category shift and its typological background." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 41, no. 1 (2012): 39–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1960602812x00023.

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Ideophonic reduplication is a special type of reduplication in Mandarin Chinese. By repeating the mere sounds of a word or expression taken from the linguistic context, it turns content words into temporary ideophones. I argue that this operation highlights the signifiant (the acoustic form) and downplays the signifié (the concept referring to the subject in reality) of the reduplicated segments. This type of reduplication differs from pragmatic repetition, and it has a number of distinctive characteristics. I argue that the development of ideophonic reduplication in Chinese is closely connected with the typological characteristics of Chinese.

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Naser, Angelo Ali, and Sharon Rose. "Ideophones in Moro." Faits de Langues 51, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 37–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05101004.

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Abstract This article presents a descriptive study of ideophones in Moro, addressing both their structural characteristics and usage, with data from the Thetogovela dialect. We describe their sound patterns, word categorization and placement within sentences, and discuss their meaning and conventionalization. Moro ideophones convey a wide range of sensory meanings, including sound, touch, movement and visual patterns. They are uninflected and typically appear utterance finally, most closely resembling adverbs. Ideophones are often introduced by support verbs, including ‘do’, ‘be’ and ‘eat’, the latter for visual patterns. Ideophones may exhibit reduplication, which in some cases can correspond to pluractionality. The main distinctive sound pattern of Moro ideophones is a wider distribution of obstruents, as well as a performative use of expressive duration and phonation.

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Dingemanse, Mark. "Ideophones and reduplication." Why and How of Total Reduplication: Current Issues and New Perspectives 39, no. 4 (December 31, 2015): 946–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.39.4.05din.

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Repetition is one of the most basic operations on talk, often discussed for its iconic meanings. Ideophones are marked words that depict sensory imagery, often identified by their reduplicated forms. Yet not all reduplication is iconic, and not all ideophones are reduplicated. This paper discusses the semantics and pragmatics of repeated talk with special reference to ideophones. To understand these phenomena, it is useful to distinguish two modes of representation in language — description and depiction — along with cues like prosodic foregrounding that help steer listener’s interpretations from one to the other. Reduplication can partake in both modes, which is why it is common in ideophones and other areas of grammar. Using evidence from a range of languages, this paper shows how the study of ideophones sheds light on the interpretation of repeated talk, and argues that both description and depiction are fundamental to understanding how language works.

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Dhoorre, Cabdulqaadir Salaad, and Mauro Tosco. "111 Somali ideophones*." Journal of African Cultural Studies 11, no. 2 (December 1998): 125–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13696819808717831.

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Teilanyo, Diri I. "Translating African ideophones." Perspectives 9, no. 3 (January 2001): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0907676x.2001.9961418.

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Sicoli, Mark A. "Ideophones, rhemes, interpretants." Pragmatics and Society 5, no. 3 (November 14, 2014): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.5.3.08sic.

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This commentary considers the depictive quality of ideophones within the context of a general semiotic. I seek to expand the limited uptake of iconicity in linguistic theory from a resemblance between sign and object along Peirce’s second trichotomy (icon, index, symbol) to discuss iconicity from the often overlooked perspective of Peirce’s third trichotomy (rheme, dicent, argument). I examine ideophones as semiotic rhemes that affect iconic interpretants and suggest this shift in understanding iconicity unites lexical iconicity with depictive processes in interaction more generally, and beyond this with other rhematic linguistic signs. These parallels are illustrated by two examples of the expressive use of pitch, and throughout the discussion by reference to how the work of the authors of the present Special Issue help free a theory of iconicity from the bonds of it being considered a fixed, lexical relationship, to rather theorize iconicity as a poetic achievement designed for an interpreter’s active reception.

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Childs, G. Tucker. "Expressiveness in Contact Situations." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 9, no. 2 (January 1, 1994): 257–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.9.2.03chi.

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Typically not the focus of linguistic analysis, the expressive function nonetheless represents a core linguistic behavior. Throughout Africa, ideo-phones robustly manifest that function. When adult speakers learn and begin to use a second language, particularly in contact situations with limited L2 input, they often draw on structures and resources from L1. These facts suggest that when languages with ideophones serve as the substrate for a contact language, ideophones will be found in that new language, as is the case for, e.g., Krioulo (Guinea Bissau), Krio (Sierra Leone), and Liberian English. Yet, not all African contact languages possess ideophones. This paper characterizes the distribution of ideophones in pidgins, Creoles, and other contact varieties.

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Barrett, Rusty. "Ideophones and (non-)arbitrariness in the K’iche’ poetry of Humberto Ak’abal." Pragmatics and Society 5, no. 3 (November 14, 2014): 406–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.5.3.05bar.

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This paper examines the ways in which Ak’abal uses K’iche’ ideophones and arbitrariness to highlight differences between Mayan languages and Spanish. This paper focuses on Ak’abal’s sound poems constructed through the use of K’iche’ ideophones, primarily onomatopoetic forms representing natural phenomena such as animal sounds, the movement of water, and sounds associated with weather. Ak’abal often treats non-onomatopoetic words (such as the names of birds) as ideophones, suggesting a direct (unmediated) relationship between K’iche’ signs and the natural elements of the environment. These uses of ideophones allow Ak’abal to position Mayan languages and literature as spiritually connected to the environment, in sharp contrast to the environmental destructiveness he associates with Spanish and Ladino cultural dominance in Guatemala.

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Lahaussois, Aimeé. "Ideophones in Khaling Rai." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 40, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 179–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.17005.lah.

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Abstract In Khaling Rai, a number of lexemes have been found which can be considered ideophones, according to Dingemanse’s (2012: 654) definition of the latter as “marked words depictive of sensory imagery.” This article will describe the different types of ideophones found in Khaling. These ideophones not only manifest a range of different morphological patterns, they cover the entire spectrum of sensory modalities found in Dingemanse’s implicational hierarchy (2012: 663), namely sound, movement, visual patterns, other sensory perceptions (such as texture and taste) and cognitive states. The more than 400 ideophones collected to date in Khaling present a sound symbolic landscape which appears to be considerably richer than that found in other Kiranti languages with which the author is familiar.

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Lahti, Katherine. "Ideophones in Vladimir Mayakovsky’s work." Pragmatics and Society 5, no. 3 (November 14, 2014): 419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.5.3.06lah.

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The Russian poet Vladimir Mayakovsky used ideophones to create meaning. In fact Mayakovsky constantly used ideophones in his poetic expression, part and parcel of the emphasis on sound in his poetry. In the 1910s he worked alongside the Moscow Linguistic Circle. To the end of his life in 1930 (due to suicide) the poet remained close friends with the important linguist Roman Jakobson. There is no doubt that his association with linguists led to Mayakovsky’s paying more attention to verbal form in his work; in particular, his use of ideophones is remarkable.

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Moshi, Lioba. "Ideophones in KiVunjo-Chaga." Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 3, no. 2 (December 1993): 185–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jlin.1993.3.2.185.

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Jacques, Guillaume. "Ideophones in Japhug (Rgyalrong)." Anthropological Linguistics 55, no. 3 (2013): 256–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/anl.2013.0014.

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Andrason, Alexander. "IDEOPHONES AS LINGUISTIC “REBELS”: THE EXTRA-SYSTEMATICITY OF IDEOPHONES IN XHOSA – Part II." Asian and African Studies 30, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31577/aassav.2021.30.1.01.

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Kosogorova, M. A. "Ideophones and intensifiers in Pular." Kunstkamera 6, no. 4 (2019): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/2618-8619-2019-4(6)-131-140.

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You, Seokhoon. "Expressives and Ideophones in Korean." Korean Linguistics 7 (January 1, 1992): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/kl.7.08sy.

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Araujo, Gabriel Antunes de. "Ideophones and realia in a Santome/Portuguese bilingual dictionary." LaborHistórico 6, no. 3 (December 20, 2020): 44–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24206/lh.v6i3.33700.

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In this work, we discuss how Araujo Hagemeijer’s Santome/Portuguese bilingual dictionary (ARAUJO; HAGEMEIJER, 2013) defines and describes ideophones and realia entries. We show that ideophones were listed individually along with their collocation counterparts. Realia entries (words and expressions for culture-specific items) were presented in their Santomean forms, followed by a description of their endemic specificities. Many realia items from Santome can also be found in Portuguese. We conclude that the authors contribute to the lexicographic record of ideophones, lexical items that did not exist in Portuguese, but relevant to the language and culture of Santome. On the other hand, with the documentation of realia entries, they collaborate for the validation of lexical units (originated in Santome) in the local vernacular variety of São Tomé and Príncipe’s Portuguese, a common historical practice in Portuguese lexicography.

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Araujo, Gabriel Antunes de. "Ideophones and Realia in a Santome/Portuguese Bilingual Dictionary." Languages 5, no. 4 (November 10, 2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages5040056.

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In this work, we discuss how Araujo & Hagemeijer’s Santome/Portuguese bilingual dictionary defines and describes ideophones and realia lemmata. We show that ideophones were listed individually along with their expression counterparts. Realia lemmata (words and expressions for culture-specific items) or specialized lexical units were presented in their Santomean forms, followed by a description of their endemic specificities. Many realia items from Santome can also be found in Portuguese. We conclude that the authors contribute to the lexicographic record of ideophones, lexical items that did not exist in Portuguese, but relevant to the language and culture of Santome. On the other hand, with the documentation of realia entries, they collaborate for the validation of lexical units (originating in Santome) in the local vernacular variety of São Tomé and Príncipe’s Portuguese, a common historical practice in Portuguese lexicography.

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Maduka, Omen N. "Size and shape ideophones in Nembe a phonosemantic analysis.pdf." Studies in African Linguistics 19, no. 1 (April 1, 1988): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v19i1.107466.

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In Nembe, ideophones, as in symbolic words in all languages in general, there is direct connection between sounds and the meanings they convey. For Nembe ideophones describing the fields of size and shape. there are peculiar strategies for accomplishing this connection. For size', medial alveolars as well as vowels in the narrow set are used for smallness, while medial velars and vowels in the wide set are used for largeness. For shape, on the other hand, consonant and vowel melodies are used rather than single phonic units. A sequence of three different consonants invariably refers to crooked shape while a sequence of three consonants ending in two identical liquids refers to straight shape, etc. However, this whole neat pattern is complicated 'by the existence of hierarchies of phonosemantic suggestiveness whereby certain phonosemantic units displace others away from their legitimate values, leading to both the ability of otherwise opposing psychomorphs to get into construction and the ability of simultaneous multiple field representation by ideophones.

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Mihas, Elena. "Ideophones in Alto Perené (Arawak) from Eastern Peru." Studies in Language 36, no. 2 (October 15, 2012): 300–344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.36.2.04mih.

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This research is a first attempt to survey ideophones in the Amazonian Arawak language Alto Perené (a.k.a. Ashéninka Perené). Based on fieldwork data, this study shows that ideophones constitute a separate class of words in Alto Perené in view of their distinctive phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic properties. The study also draws on primary and secondary data from three other genetically related neighboring language varieties (Ashéninka Pichis, Asháninka Tambo-Ene, and Kakinte) to demonstrate a moderate degree of interdialect variation. The study suggests the possibility that the following properties may be regional affinities: non-canonical stress assignment; word class-specific reduplication of the word-final syllabic segments -ri, -re, -ro, -pi, -po expressing spatial distribution, intensity, or repeated/durative/open-ended temporal structure of the reported event; productive (V)k-suffixation contributing to the expression of punctual/perfective aspect; syntactic functions of appositional or coordinated predicate, co-verb, complement, and adverb; prevalence of Gestalt packaging of sensory events; a dearth of ideophones describing states.

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Mathangwane, Joyce T., and Ndana Ndana. "Chiikuhane/Chisubiya ideophones: A descriptive study." South African Journal of African Languages 34, no. 2 (July 3, 2014): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2014.997051.

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Newman, Paul. "Reduplication and Tone in Hausa Ideophones." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 15 (November 25, 1989): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v15i0.1759.

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Thompson, Arthur Lewis, Thomas Van Hoey, and Youngah Do. "Articulatory features of phonemes pattern to iconic meanings: evidence from cross-linguistic ideophones." Cognitive Linguistics 32, no. 4 (October 25, 2021): 563–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2020-0055.

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Abstract Iconic words are supposed to exhibit imitative relationships between their linguistic forms and their referents. Many studies have worked to pinpoint sound-to-meaning correspondences for ideophones from different languages. The correspondence patterns show similarities across languages, but what makes such language-specific correspondences universal, as iconicity claims to be, remains unclear. This could be due to a lack of consensus on how to describe and test the perceptuo-motor affordances that make an iconic word feel imitative to speakers. We created and analysed a database of 1,860 ideophones across 13 languages, and found that seven articulatory features, physiologically accessible to all spoken language users, pattern according to semantic features of ideophones. Our findings pave the way for future research to utilize articulatory properties as a means to test and explain how iconicity is encoded in spoken language. The perspective taken here fits in with ongoing research of embodiment, motivation, and iconicity research, three major strands of research within Cognitive Linguistics. The results support that there is a degree of unity between the concepts of imitative communication and the spoken forms through cross-domain mappings, which involve physical articulatory movement.

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Webster, Anthony K. "“So it's got three meanings dil dil:” Seductive ideophony and the sounds of Navajo poetry." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 62, no. 2 (March 6, 2017): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2017.11.

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AbstractThis article engages questions about translation, phonological iconicity, and seductive ideophony. I begin by discussing the work of Paul Friedrich as it relates to questions of linguistic relativity and poetics and the qualities of music and myth that constitute poetry. I then present a poem written in Navajo by Rex Lee Jim and four translations of the poem. Three are from Navajo consultants and one of those translations will be, from a certain perspective, rather surprising. Namely, why does one consultant translate this poem as if it is composed of ideophones? The fourth translation is mine. I then work through the morphology of the poem in Navajo, saying something more about the translators and the process of translation. I then provide a transcript of a conversation I had with Blackhorse Mitchell about this poem. I use this to take up questions of phonological iconicity (punning) and the seductive quality of ideophony (the pole of music). I also place this poem within a context of the stick game in Navajo philosophy (the pole of myth). This leads, in the conclusion, to reflections about linguistic relativity, misunderstandings, sound, and poetics.

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Pischedda, Pier Simone. "A Corpus-Based Study on the Translation of English Ideophones in Italian Picture Books: The Case of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid." Languages 7, no. 3 (August 26, 2022): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7030224.

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This paper aims to provide the readers with an overview of the nature of sound symbolism in Italian and offers new food for thought to scholars in the under-researched field of sound symbolism in translated literature for young readers. Whilst English uses ideophones in literature for young readers, Italian sound symbolism often seems to rely on Anglophonic creations, arguably due to both linguistic and cultural reasons. The third and fourth books of the series for children and young adults, ‘Diary of a Wimpy Kid’, have been taken as a source for examples. The books contain both text and pictures, which include ideophones in them. Each of the two English books has been analysed together with their Italian versions, and the strategies employed to translate sound symbolism have been catalogued into a small corpus. The results, on top of elucidating the nature of Italian sound symbolism, show a considerable degree of adaption and a frequent reliance on Anglophonic forms, with scattered attempts made at adapting English ideophones for the Italian readership. This is achieved through the modification of source forms to resemble Italian syntactical structures more closely and through the removal of certain consonant clusters that are considered typically Anglophonic (i.e., <th>, <sh>).

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Samarin, William J. "Intersubjective and Intradialectal Variation in Gbeya Ideophones." Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 1, no. 1 (June 1991): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jlin.1991.1.1.52.

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Bradshaw, Joel. "Grammatically Marked Ideophones in Numbami and Jabem." Oceanic Linguistics 45, no. 1 (2006): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2006.0005.

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Pei-jung Lee, Amy. "Ideophones, Interjections, and Sound Symbolism in Seediq." Oceanic Linguistics 56, no. 1 (2017): 181–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2017.0007.

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van Gijn, Rik. "Middle voice and ideophones, a diachronic connection." Studies in Language 34, no. 2 (August 13, 2010): 273–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.34.2.02gij.

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Kemmer (1993) argues that middle voice markers almost always arise diachronically through the semantic extension of a reflexive marker to other semantic uses related to reflexive. In this paper I will argue for an alternative diachronic path that has led to the development of the middle marker in Yurakaré (unclassified, Bolivia): through ideophone-verb constructions. Taking this perspective helps explain a number of synchronic peculiarities of the middle marker in Yurakaré, and it introduces a previously unnoticed channel for middle voice markers to arise.

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Noss, Philip A. "Pleonasms, Ideophones, and the Song of Songs." Bible Translator 71, no. 3 (December 2020): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051677020975126.

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Pischedda, Pier Simone. "Translating English Sound Symbolism in Italian Comics: A Corpus-Based Linguistic Analysis across Six Decades (1932–1992)." Arts 9, no. 4 (October 26, 2020): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts9040108.

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Linking interdisciplinarity and multimodality in translation studies, this paper will analyse the diachronic translation of English ideophones in Italian Disney comics. This is achieved thanks to the compiling of a bi-directional corpus of sound symbolic entries spanning six decades (1932–1992)—a corpus that was created following extensive archival work in various Italian and American libraries between 2014 and 2016. The central aim is to showcase practical examples coming from published comic scripts and to highlight patterns of translation in each of the five different time windows which were chosen according to specific historical, linguistic and cultural vicissitudes taking place in the Italian nation. Overall, the intention is to shed light on an under-developed area of studies that focuses on the cross-linguistical transposition of ideophonic forms in comic books and to pinpoint how greater factors might influence the treatment of such deceptively miniscule elements in the comic books’ pages.

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DINGEMANSE, MARK, and KIMI AKITA. "An inverse relation between expressiveness and grammatical integration: On the morphosyntactic typology of ideophones, with special reference to Japanese." Journal of Linguistics 53, no. 3 (October 4, 2016): 501–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002222671600030x.

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Words and phrases may differ in the extent to which they are susceptible to prosodic foregrounding and expressive morphology: their expressiveness. They may also differ in the degree to which they are integrated in the morphosyntactic structure of the utterance: their grammatical integration. We describe an inverse relation that holds across widely varied languages, such that more expressiveness goes together with less grammatical integration, and vice versa. We review typological evidence for this inverse relation in ten spoken languages, then quantify and explain it using Japanese corpus data. We do this by tracking ideophones – vivid sensory words also known as mimetics or expressives – across different morphosyntactic contexts and measuring their expressiveness in terms of intonation, phonation and expressive morphology. We find that as expressiveness increases, grammatical integration decreases. Using gesture as a measure independent of the speech signal, we find that the most expressive ideophones are most likely to come together with iconic gestures. We argue that the ultimate cause is the encounter of two distinct and partly incommensurable modes of representation: the gradient, iconic, depictive system represented by ideophones and iconic gestures, and the discrete, arbitrary, descriptive system represented by ordinary words. The study shows how people combine modes of representation in speech and demonstrates the value of integrating description and depiction into the scientific vision of language.

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Andersen, Torben. "An outline of Lulubo phonology." Studies in African Linguistics 18, no. 1 (April 1, 1987): 40–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v18i1.107478.

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This article outlines the phonology of Lulubo, a little known Central Sudanic language spoken in the southern Sudan. An account is given of the phonemic inventory (vowels, consonants, and tones), vowel harmony, syllable structure, special features of ideophones, and vowel elision.

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Kwon, Nahyun. "Iconicity correlated with vowel harmony in Korean ideophones." Laboratory Phonology: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Phonology 9, no. 1 (January 23, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/labphon.53.

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Sambo, Almustapha Wali. "Canonical Shape Analysis of Hausa and Bole Ideophones." Macrolinguistics 4, no. 5 (December 1, 2016): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26478/ja2016.4.5.5.

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