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PITTANA, ILARIA. "The Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) and comfort in educational buildings." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11577/3460790.
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Differently from what occurs during laboratories studies, in educational buildings schools’ occupants are exposed at once to acoustical, thermal, visual, and air quality stimuli, and the effect of the indoor environment on students’ perception and performance depends on their combined effects. The present research deals with the assessment of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in educational buildings by means of physical measurements (objective evaluation), questionnaire (subjective evaluation) and building model simulation and calibration. The work proposes different original methods for: the design of a standard subjective questionnaire consistent for the four comfort domains, i.e. IAQ, thermal, acoustic and visual environment (i); data collection, namely the monitoring of the main physical parameters related to the four comfort domains (ii) and the administration of the questionnaire (iii); data validation and analysis, namely the validation of the questionnaire (iv) and the correlation method between objective and subjective data (v); optimization-based calibration, using a multi-level multi-step approach. As highlighted in Chapter 1, students use to stay more than 30% of their daytime in classrooms, thus the importance of assessing and enhancing the indoor conditions of school buildings. The indoor conditions can be evaluated either through measurements of physical quantities related to the main IEQ domains or by means of questionnaires’ administration. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the state of the art of the assessment of the IEQ by means of questionnaires and measurements. Chapter 3 reports the innovative methodology developed during my doctoral program. In the first part, the method for evaluating the indoor conditions of school buildings through objective and subjective evaluation, namely respectively in-field measurements and questionnaires, is presented. The second part includes the optimization-based procedure to calibrate the energy model of educational buildings, which explores the optimization-based procedure to calibrate the energy model of an educational building from short-term monitoring of a portion of a building in selected periods. Chapter 4 presents the case studies considered for the application of the methodologies. The results reported in Chapter 5 are divided into three sections: the questionnaire validation (i), the correlation between objective and subjective data ´(ii) and the multi-level multi-step optimization-based calibration (iii). The results coming from the questionnaire validation are divided into three subsections according to the three selected KPIs, i.e. effectiveness, efficiency and resolution. The outcomes of the correlation between the subjective survey and the objective data are split based on the different type of analysis, namely the single-domain that consists in analyzing the correlation between measured environmental conditions and the subjective response within the same comfort domain, and the multi-domain that aims to explore the combine effects of different comfort domains. The last paragraph presents the results of the multi-level multi-step optimization-based calibration method applied to two monitoring periods, i.e. unoccupied building with system off and occupied building with system off. The outcomes include the results of the calibration and the validation of the building model in different periods with the same characteristics of the reference periods. The last chapter reports the main conclusions of the work and future developments of the research. The collected dataset and the developed strict methods should be considered as part of one complex and replicable approach which can serve as a basic conceptual framework for future studies focusing on the assessment the IEQ of educational buildings and other complex buildings can be used for further investigation on the assessment of IEQ and comfort in educational buildings.Diversamente da quanto accade negli studi di laboratorio, negli edifici scolastici gli occupanti sono esposti contemporaneamente a stimoli acustici, termici, visivi e di qualità dell'aria e l'effetto dell'ambiente interno sulla percezione e sulle prestazioni degli studenti dipende dai loro effetti combinati. La presente ricerca si occupa della valutazione della qualità ambientale interna (IEQ) negli edifici scolastici mediante misurazioni fisiche (valutazione oggettiva), somministrazione di questionari (valutazione soggettiva) e simulazione e calibrazione di modelli energetici. Il lavoro propone diversi metodi originali per: la progettazione di un questionario soggettivo standard coerente per i quattro domini di comfort, ovvero IAQ, ambiente termico, acustico e visivo (i); raccolta dati (ii) e la somministrazione del questionario (iii); validazione e analisi dei dati, ovvero la validazione del questionario (iv) e il metodo di correlazione tra dati oggettivi e soggettivi (v); calibrazione basata sull'ottimizzazione, utilizzando un approccio multi-level multi-step. Come evidenziato nel Capitolo 1, gli studenti trascorrono più del 30% della loro giornata in classe, da qui l'importanza di valutare e migliorare le condizioni interne degli edifici scolastici. Le condizioni indoor possono essere valutate sia attraverso misure di grandezze fisiche relative ai principali domini sia tramite la somministrazione di questionari. Il capitolo 2 presenta una panoramica dello stato dell'arte della valutazione dell'IEQ mediante questionari e misurazioni. Il capitolo 3 riporta la metodologia innovativa sviluppata durante il mio programma di dottorato. Nella prima parte viene presentato il metodo per valutare le condizioni interne degli edifici scolastici attraverso valutazioni oggettive e soggettive, ovvero rispettivamente misurazioni in campo e questionari. La seconda parte include la procedura basata sull'ottimizzazione per calibrare il modello energetico degli edifici didattici, che esplora la procedura basata sull'ottimizzazione per calibrare il modello energetico di un edificio scolastico dal monitoraggio a breve termine di una porzione di un edificio in periodi selezionati. Il capitolo 4 presenta i casi di studio considerati per l'applicazione delle metodologie. I risultati riportati nel Capitolo 5 sono divisi in tre sezioni: la validazione del questionario (i), la correlazione tra dati oggettivi e soggettivi ´ (ii) e la calibrazione basata sull'ottimizzazione multi-level multi-step (iii). I risultati provenienti dalla validazione del questionario sono suddivisi in tre sottosezioni in base ai tre KPI selezionati, ovvero efficacia, efficienza e risoluzione. Gli esiti della correlazione tra l'indagine soggettiva e i dati oggettivi sono suddivisi in base al diverso tipo di analisi, ovvero single-domain che consiste nell'analizzare la correlazione tra le condizioni ambientali misurate e la risposta soggettiva all'interno dello stesso dominio di comfort, e multi-domain che mira a esplorare gli effetti combinati di diversi domini di comfort. L'ultimo paragrafo presenta i risultati del metodo di calibrazione basato sull'ottimizzazione multilivello multifase applicato a due periodi di monitoraggio, ovvero edificio non occupato con sistema spento e edificio occupato con sistema spento. L'ultimo capitolo riporta le principali conclusioni del lavoro e gli sviluppi futuri della ricerca. Il set di dati raccolto e i metodi rigorosi sviluppati dovrebbero essere considerati come parte di un approccio complesso e replicabile che può fungere da quadro concettuale di base per studi futuri incentrati sulla valutazione dell'IEQ degli edifici scolastici e di altri edifici complessi può essere utilizzato per ulteriori indagini su la valutazione dell'IEQ e del comfort negli edifici scolastici.
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Kim, Jungsoo. "Impact of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) factors on occupant evaluation of workspaces." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13341.
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This study aims to better understand the relationship between perceived building performance on specific Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) factors and occupants’ overall evaluation of their workspace environment. A three-factor satisfaction model, developed originally in the context of marketing, has been adapted to and found suitable for the IEQ domain. Analyses were conducted on the Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) database from Center for Built Environment (CBE) at the University of California, Berkeley to estimate the relative significance of individual IEQ factors on occupants’ overall workspace evaluation, depending on whether or not the occupants were satisfied with the IEQ factor in question. The empirical analysis suggested that a certain amount of input (i.e. increments or decrements of occupant satisfaction with individual IEQ factor) doesn’t necessarily lead to a commensurate desirable output (i.e. overall workspace satisfaction). According to each IEQ factor’s functional relationship with overall satisfaction, fifteen IEQ factors addressed in the CBE questionnaire were classified into three groups: (1) Basic Factors – having predominantly negative effects, (2) Bonus Factors – having predominantly positive effects, and (3) Proportional Factors – having both positive and negative effects with similar magnitudes. In general the IEQ factors tended to show negative asymmetry, becoming more critical when the building was deemed to be underperforming on them. This study also explored the influence of gender, building ventilation system type, and office layout configuration, on occupant IEQ satisfaction. (1) Female gender was significantly associated with increased dissatisfaction with all of the IEQ factors analysed in this thesis, but particularly with temperature, indoor air quality and workspace cleanliness. (2) Occupants of buildings with different ventilation systems responded in different ways to various IEQ dimensions. In naturally-ventilated buildings, good thermal conditions were associated with significantly enhanced workspace satisfaction and barely discernible adverse impacts. In air-conditioned buildings, on the other hand, thermal conditions were more directly associated with overall dissatisfaction with workspace environment. Occupants provided with higher degrees of adaptive opportunities were more satisfied with the IEQ of their workplaces. (3) Enclosed private offices clearly outperformed open-plan layouts iii in most aspects of IEQ, but particularly in acoustics, privacy and proxemics issues. Noise distraction and lack of privacy were identified as the major sources of workplace dissatisfaction in open-plan offices. The predicted decrements in overall workspace satisfaction due to privacy and acoustic issues in open-plan layouts were bigger than the predicted increment due to ease of communication between colleagues. Further analyses performed on an Australian POE database collected through Building Occupant Survey System Australia (BOSSA) project highlighted the benefits of external view through a window, positively affecting occupant satisfaction with workplace IEQ.
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de, Belder Tesséus Charlotte. "Upplevelse av orättvisa hos personer med långvarig smärta; psykometriska aspekter av den svenska versionen av IEQ." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysioterapi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324034.
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Ali, Sani Muhammad. "Measured and perceived conditions of indoor environmental qualities (IEQ) of university learning environments in semi-arid tropics." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2018. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/measured-and-perceived-conditions-of-indoor-environmental-qualities-ieq-of-university-learning-environments-in-semiarid-tropics(b611ff99-e930-42bc-b254-36d29cf6de97).html.
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This study investigates the conditions and the levels of satisfaction with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in naturally ventilated (NV) learning environments in Bayero University, Kano and compares the results to international comfort standards' thresholds. It examines the thermal and visual comfort, acoustic quality as well as the indoor air quality of six learning environments in the University consisting of four lecture theatres and two laboratories. Researches in IEQ have shown that good quality indoor environment enhances occupants' comfort, wellbeing, raises their productivity, and most importantly for this research, it raises students' performances, reduces absenteeism, and reduces stress and fatigue among teachers. IEQ researches are mostly being undertaken in the four most advanced continents that are situated in the temperate regions of the world, but not in sub-Saharan Africa. Using both measurement and survey methods, internal and external physical parameters (air and radiant temperatures, air velocity, relative humidity, background noise, sound pressure level, horizontal and vertical illumination level, carbon dioxide concentration and particulate matter) were evaluated. The assessments were undertaken three times covering ten months, August 2016 to May 2017, which coincided with the three distinct seasons (warm and wet; cool and dry & hot and dry) in Kano. PMV model, as always, failed to predict the thermal conditions of the learning environments. Similarly some of the measured and calculated IEQ parameters, have not met the thresholds specified by the adaptive components of ASHRAE-55, but were in agreement with EN 15251, the respondents expressed their acceptance of their learning environments, subjectively. This is not surprising as these standards were often based on experiments implemented in developed countries, where the severity of the climatic conditions and the culture are dissimilar to sub Saharan Africa. The outcome of the research is hoped to raise awareness of IEQ potentialities among the academia, building industry professionals, building owners, university managers and other education policy makers in the region.
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Alzahrani, Hamdan M. "Developing a model for assessing the effect of physical indoor environment quality on teachers' performance in Saudi education buildings." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621725.
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The nature and quality of the built learning environment affect occupants' comfort, wellbeing and performance. Within the broad range of studies of the physical indoor environment reported in the literature, there are several which have focused on the effects of these environmental conditions on the comfort and physical health of students and teachers, while the main consideration in others is the organizational health of the school. The parameters, which are measured often concern the state and condition of the physical environment. Categories of building features, which appear to influence comfort, health and wellbeing, include thermal sensation, acoustics, lighting, air quality, classroom equipment, learning resources and other aspects of the teachers' workspace. Those components of the physical of indoor environment, which are considered to most strongly affect occupants' comfort, wellbeing and performance, are subject to sets of standards. The aim of this study is to elucidate the association between the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of educational buildings and teachers' performance. Following a comprehensive review of the literature on the effects of IEQ on teachers' comfort, wellbeing and performance, a case study was conducted in which physical measurements were made of a range of indoor environmental variables in the classrooms of a technical college in Saudi Arabia, during lessons. At the same time, the teachers of those classes were asked to complete a questionnaire designed to investigate the quality of the indoor environment and explore teacher performance. An artificial neural network was then used to create an assessment model in order to test the hypothesis that the quality of the indoor physical environment in educational buildings is related to teacher performance and to predict future data. This research makes both academic and practical contributions to the study of the relationship between IEQ and teachers' performance. The findings of this research will be used as a primary knowledge resource for future researches and to identify initial IEQ parameters and tools for further in-depth studies. In practical terms, it offers standards to help designers to consider the importance of IEQ and its impact on building users.
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De, Giuli Valeria. "Modeling and experimental results in daylighting analysis to improve visual comfort and to reduce energy demand in buildings." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422380.
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The two main studies that will be presented in this thesis involve the comparison between measured and calculated illuminance profiles in an office building and the IEQ analysis, by means of an objective and a subjective approach, in two Italian Primary Schools.I due principali lavori oggetto di questa tesi riguardano la comparazione tra il monitoraggio e il calcolo, tramite modelli di simulazione, dei profili di illuminamento in un edificio per uffici e l'analisi della qualità percepita, mediante un approccio sia oggettivo che soggettivo, all'interno di due scuole elementari.
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Fonseca, Patricia Pinto [UNIFESP]. "Um questionário para avaliação do impacto de doenças crônicas: tradução validada e estudo de confiabilidade do IEQ (Illlness Effects Questionnaire)." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2001. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/17445.
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Previous issue date: 2001Em decorrência do progresso das ciências, condições de saúde que eram iminentemente letais passaram a dispor de tratamentos eficazes, embora a cura nem sempre seja alcançada. Atualmente, considerável parcela da população mundial sobrevive com condições crônicas de saúde, realizando tratamento sistemático. A necessidade de adaptação ao tratamento e ao novo estilo de vida freqüentemente constituem-se em importantes fontes de estresse para esses pacientes. Nessas condições, a depressão tem sido amplamente referida, apresentando-se associada à falta de adesão ao tratamento e repercutindo negativamente no prognóstico do paciente. Alguns estudos tem investigado a percepção do paciente acerca de sua condição de saúde e os resultados obtidos sugerem que esta é uma variável que se associa à ocorrência de depressão, à adesão e até mesmo à melhor evolução do paciente. O Illness Effects Questionnaire (IEQ) é um instrumento que possibilita a avaliação padronizada da percepção do paciente em relação à doença. Dada a relevância dessa questão e como no Brasil não dispúnhamos de instrumento equivalente, objetivamos com esse estudo realizar a adaptação transcultural do IEQ em nosso país. Para tanto, realizamos a tradução para o português através do método da retro-tradução e o estudo de confiabilidade através do método do teste-reteste. Os resultados obtidos mostraram-se bastante satisfatórios.
Due to the science advance, those health conditions that were almost always lethal have become able to provide effective treatments, although the healing is not always achieved. Presently a considerable part of the worldwide population survives upon chronic health conditions, performing sistematic treatment. The necessity of getting adapted to the treatment and to the new life style frequently consists of stress sources for these patients. Due to these conditions depression has been widely detected, being associated to a lack of adherence to a treatment, thus providing a negative prognosis of the pacient. Some studies have investigated the acknowledgement of the patient of his health condition and the achieved results suggest that this is a variable that is associated to the occurance of depression, to the adherence and even to a better evolution of the pacient. The Illness Effects Questionnaire (IEQ) is an instrument that permits a standard evaluation of perception on the account of the pacient of his illness. Once provided the relevance of the issue and as there had never been an equivalent instrument in Brazil, we aimed to perform by means of this study a trans-cultural adaptation of the IEQ in our country. Therefore we performed a translation of the IEQ into Portuguese through the method to back-translation, as well as the study reliability through the retest method. The accomplished results proved to be quite satisfactory.
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
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Teixeira, Anna MÃrcia Cordeiro. "Impactos do repasse do ICMS sobre a proficiÃncia dos alunos do estado do cearà - uma medida do IQE." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15085.
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nÃo hÃEsta dissertaÃÃo tem por objetivo mensurar o impacto do Ãndice Municipal de Qualidade da EducaÃÃo â IQE e do Ãndice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal â IDHM dos municÃpios cearenses sobre a proficiÃncia dos alunos do 5 e 9 anos do ensino fundamental das escolas pÃblicas municipais cearenses na Prova Brasil para o ano de 2011. A fonte de dados utilizada para as variÃveis que representam a Prova Brasil foi extraÃda do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais AnÃsio Teixeira (INEP) para o ano de 2011. Jà para o IDHM foi extraÃdo do Programa das NaÃÃes Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD), para os anos de 2010 e pelo Instituto de Pesquisa EstratÃgica EconÃmica do Estado do Cearà (IPECE) para o IQE, para os anos de 2011. Com a utilizaÃÃo do mÃtodo dos MÃnimos Quadrados OrdinÃrios foram feitas estimaÃÃes que indicaram que a proficiÃncia nas disciplinas de PortuguÃs e MatemÃtica apenas para o 5 ando ensino fundamental das escolas pÃblicas municipais cearenses à melhor quanto mais alto for o IDHM e o IQE. E mais importante, a existÃncia de assimetrias no impacto do IQE sobre a proficiÃncia dos alunos em MatemÃtica e PortuguÃs para os dois anos escolares analisados. Sendo os alunos do 5 ano os mais beneficiados.
This paper aims to measure the impact of Municipal Index of Educational Quality - IEQ and the Municipal Human Development Index - MHDI of Cearà municipalities on the proficiency of students in 5 and 9 years of basic education of public schools of Cearà in Prova Brasil Exam, for the year 2011. The data source used for variables representing Brazil Support was extracted from the National Institute of Educational Studies Teixeira (INEP) for the year 2011. As for the MHDI was extracted from the United Nations Program United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), for the years 2010 and 2011 and the IEQ from the Institute for Economic Strategy Research of the State of Cearà (IPECE) for the IEQ, for the years 2010 and 2011. Using the method of Ordinary Least Squares stimations were made which indicated that proficiency in the subjects of Portuguese and Math for only the 5th year of basic education of public schools Cearà is better the higher the IDHM. And more importantly, the existence of asymmetries in the impact of IQE about student proficiency in math and Portuguese for two school years analyzed. Being students of the 5th year the most benefit.
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Riffelli, Stefano. "Sustainable comfort in indoor environments: global comfort indices and virtual sensors." Doctoral thesis, Urbino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11576/2700929.
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Bonde, Magnus. "Green Buildings : Exploring performance and thresholds." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-184874.
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The overall aim of this research project is to study green/energy-efficient real estate from an economic perspective. The thesis summarizes the results from five different studies with a connection to green/energy-efficient real estate.The aim of the first paper (paper A) is to study how tenants perceive the indoor environment in green-rated premises, and to compare these results with tenants’ perception of a conventional building’s indoor environment. The main result is that the tenants in the green-rated building are more satisfied with the indoor environment than the tenants in the conventional building.Papers B and C assess whether energy efficiency has an impact on buildings’ income and market values using Swedish real-estate data. The key result is that although there is a small impact on building-related income, this does not seem to translate into a higher market value.The last two papers included in this thesis study hindrances to a more energy-efficient building sector. In paper D, two office buildings are used as baseline cases to provide insights into the difficulties that can arise when trying to upgrade a building to make it more energy efficient. The results indicate that changing existing leases is a prohibitive process and that it is often difficult to evaluate the final impact of an energy upgrade. The last paper focuses on why it may be rational to postpone green refurbishments even if they are profitable. The main result is that it may be rational to postpone such refurbishments. However, by introducing different financial penalties and/or subsidies, these investments could be triggered today.To sum up, the results indicate that green buildings are preferred by tenants, but that there still appear to be economic barriers to a greener building sector.Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling är att studera grön/energieffektiva byggnader ur ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Avhandlingen består av en kappa och fem separata studier, vilka belyser tre olika forskningsfrågor. Syftet med den första studien är att studera hur hyresgäster upplever inomhusmiljön i gröna byggnader. I studien jämförs inomhusmiljön i en grön byggnad med inomhusmiljön i en likvärdig konventionell byggnad. Resultatet visar, på det stora hela, att hyresgästerna är mer nöjda med inomhusmiljön i den gröna byggnaden. De nästföljande studierna, B respektive C, undersöker om byggnadens energiprestanda har någon inverkan på dess hyra respektive marknadsvärde. Resultaten visar på en liten signifikant hyrespåverkan, dock verkar denna inte ha någon effekt på byggnadernas marknadsvärdebedömningar. Skälet till detta kan vara att hyrespremien anses för liten för att ha någon signifikant inverkan på byggnadens marknadsvärde, alternativt att fastighetsvärderare inte beaktar energiprestanda när en fastighet värderas. De två sista studierna studerar varför vissa, tillsynes lönsamma, energiinvesteringar inte genomförs. Resultaten från studie D visar på svårigheterna med att ingå ett samarbetsavtal (för att eliminera felaktiga incitament) mellan hyresgäst och hyresvärd. Sådana avtal tar lång tid att förhandla fram och det uppkommer ofta svårigheter med att utvärdera de tänkta energiinvesteringarnas ekonomiska utfall. Studie E utgår ifrån en realoptionsmodell, vilken används för att utvärdera när ”gröna” renoveringar bör genomföras i en befintlig byggnad. Studien visar att det kan vara rationellt att vänta trots att investeringen idag är lönsam. Vidare visar resultaten att det är möjligt att via byggsubventioner/finansiella ”straff” påverka aktörer att tidigarelägga energieffektiviseringsåtgärder. Dock är det viktigt att dessa utformas korrekt så att det inte skapar några snedvridna incitament. Övergripande visar resultaten att gröna byggnader är att föredra ur ett brukarperspektiv men att det fortfarande finns ekonomiska hinder för en mer hållbar byggsektor. Nyckelord: gröna byggnader, energieffektiva byggnader, EPC, inomhusmiljö, Realoptioner, fastighetsekonomi.
QC 20160407
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Peretti, Clara. "Analisi della qualità degli ambienti interni." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423623.
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The aim of this work is to analyze the indoor environmental quality in buildings. There are several objectives: to study the parameters that define the indoor environmental quality, to study the methods of investigation in relation to the targets of the analysis and to analyze the influence of the occupants in the management of indoor parameters.
In the first part of this work parameters that characterize the indoor environment are described; these are thermal comfort, air quality, lighting and acoustic. For each of them it will be analyzed the regulations and guidelines in force. The regulation UNI EN 15251 is described, because it is the primary reference for the definition of the indoor environmental quality. In addition, the standard is currently under review, bringing changes that are integrated with the topics discussed in this paper.
In the second chapter the certification of building both energy and indoor is described. Three voluntary certification are presented, with a focus on the CasaClima certification, that has been used in a research on the analysis of air quality in hotels and, by the means of assessment questionnaires, in a global analysis for the re-certification of buildings.
In the third part of this work measurement techniques are described, such as instrumentation monitoring and subjective measures carried out with questionnaires. Instruments described have been used in the analysis of the three case studies presented in chapter 4.
In order to analyze thermal comfort, acoustic, lighting, management and heal of occupants and their mutual connections in residential buildings an apartment located in Padova has been analyzed. In it indoor air quality and ventilation problems were reported.
The other two case study are non-residential buildings. Topics of indoor air quality, ventilation, energy efficiency and layout of school building and an office building have been analyzed. The school building, the School Stroppari located in Tezze sul Brenta, presents an innovative ventilation system with an earth to air heat exchanger. The office building is a public structure composed of 11 floors in which is installed an all in air system that provides heating, cooling and ventilation.
In the final part there the most important aspects of the application of the analysis to the three case studies are summarized, in order to outline practical guidelines for the investigation on the overall indoor environmental quality.Il presente lavoro approfondisce e analizza la qualità globale degli ambienti interni negli edifici. Diversi sono gli obiettivi: studiare i parametri che definiscono la qualità di un ambiente interno, studiare le metodologie di indagine in funzione degli obiettivi delle analisi e infine analizzare l’influenza degli occupanti nella gestione dei parametri indoor. Nella prima parte del lavoro sono stati approfonditi i parametri che caratterizzano gli ambienti interni: il comfort termo-igrometrico, la qualità dell’aria, la qualità illuminotecnica ed acustica. Per ognuno di essi sono state analizzate le normative e le linee guida vigenti. È stata approfondita la normativa UNI EN 15251, quale primario riferimento per la definizione della qualità degli ambienti interni. Inoltre la norma è attualmente in revisione, riportando modifiche che si integrano con i temi discussi nel presente lavoro. Nel secondo capitolo viene trattata la certificazione della qualità, a partire dalla certificazione energetica per poi descrivere quella dell’ambiente interno. Sono descritte tre certificazioni volontarie, con un particolare focus sulla certificazione CasaClima, oggetto di una collaborazione sull’analisi della qualità dell’aria nelle strutture alberghiere e sull’analisi globale tramite questionari per la ricertificazione degli edifici. Nella terza parte del lavoro vengono approfondite le tecniche di misura, quali monitoraggi tramite strumentazione e indagini soggettive mediante questionari. Le strumentazioni descritte sono state utilizzate nelle analisi dei tre casi studio, riportati nel capitolo 4. Per analizzare le tematiche del comfort termico, acustico, illuminotecnico, della gestione e salubrità (salute e benessere degli occupanti) e le loro reciproche connessioni negli edifici residenziali è stato scelto un edificio situato a Padova nel quartiere Forcellini. È stato selezionato un appartamento nel quale erano presenti evidenti problemi di qualità dell’aria e di ventilazione. Successivamente è stata analizzata la qualità degli ambienti interni in edifici non residenziali. In particolare sono state approfondite i temi della qualità dell’aria, ventilazione, salubrità, efficienza energetica e impiantistica in un edificio scolastico e in un edificio per uffici. L’edificio scolastico analizzato, la Scuola Stroppari situata a Tezze sul Brenta, presenta un innovativo sistema di ventilazione con uno scambiatore aria-terreno. L’edificio per uffici è una struttura pubblica composta da 11 piani nella quale è presente un sistema a tutt’aria per il riscaldamento, il raffrescamento e la ventilazione.
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Kashanifar, Mehrad. "Sustainable Development of Buildings (Green Buildings )." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Monti, Francesca. "Lighting of University lecture halls:a Design Proposal for Palazzo Malvezzi - Campeggi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21143/.
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Many university lecture halls in Bologna are based inside historic buildings and noble palaces, not designed for students as they are built for a different purpose. The daylight contribution in the rooms is usually not sufficient to satisfy the requirements for school premises; moreover, artificial lighting mainly consists in lamps with high consumption and low performances. Under these conditions the student's visual comfort is not optimal.
The following work is based on the open site analysis about the state of art of some university classrooms and their led re-design. The case studies are the lecture halls of Palazzo Malvezzi-Campeggi in Bologna, including the two noble halls on the main floor and the Aula Magna. It has been possible to interact with the acoustic component, not treated here, developing an integrated project able to meet the needs of both parties. The classrooms were qualified through simulations with lighting design software, in accordance with EN 12464, analyzing the daylight factor and the visual comfort parameters.
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Nie, Yingchao. "Functional comparison and analysis of protein-protein interactions of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus transregulatory proteins IE0 and IE1." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20752.
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Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus expresses two major
transregulatory proteins IE0 and IE1 immediately upon infection. IE0 differs from IE1
only by 54 additional N-terminal amino acids (aa). Either IE0 or IE1 can support viral
replication; however both are required for a wild-type infection. It is unknown what the
different functions of IE0 and IE1. Both IE0 and IE1 can transactivate viral early genes
and support viral DNA replication. It is therefore hypothesized that by the addition of Nterminal 54 aa, IE0 acquires different transactivation activity on viral genes and interacts with different viral or host partners. To test this hypothesis, functional comparisons between IE0 and IE1 and the identification of their interaction partners in infected cells were performed.
Comparisons of subcellular localization and transactivation activities between IE0 and IE1 showed no difference. However analyses of the nucleocapsid content of occlusion derived virions (ODV) revealed that IE0 and IE1 appear to regulate the number of nucleocapsids per ODV. Deletion within the IE0 specific N-terminal 54 aa did not affect IE0 transactivation dramatically but reduced its ability to support viral DNA replication.
Analyses of interacting proteins did not identify any proteins that were specific to either
with IE0 or IE1. However, the viral protein AC16 (BV/ODV-E26) was shown to bind to
both IE0 and IE1 via a binding domain at IE1 72-99 aa. Mutation of the binding domain
enhanced budded virus (BV) production by viruses expressing only IE0 but not IE1.
Deletion of ac16 however resulted in increased levels of IE0 relative to IE1 as the only
observable impact. These results would therefore indicate that AC16 regulates ie0
expression. Deletion of ac16 and the overlapping gene ac17, interestingly resulted in a
significant delay of viral gene expression for up to 12 hours. However, the delay of viral
gene expression was only observed with BV-infected cells and not in cells infected by
transfecting viral DNA. AC16 and AC17 are therefore critical for rapid gene expression
during the very early events of infection, and highlight the fact that proteins interacting
with IE0 and IE1 play key roles in baculovirus biology.
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Zalejska-Jonsson, Agnieszka. "In the Business of Building Green : The value of low-energy residential buildings from customer and developer perspectives." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-131375.
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An overarching aim of this research was to investigate the comprehensive value of green residential buildings as seen from two perspectives: that of the developer and that of the occupant (the customer). The dissertation consists of studies presented in seven papers. The studies conducted to investigate the developer’s perspective focused on construction cost and potential profit (papers I and VII). The customer’s perspective was examined with three approaches: the impact that energy and environment have on the decision to purchase (or rent) an apartment (paper V), willingness to pay for a green apartment (paper VI) and finally, the occupants’ satisfaction with the dwelling and indoor environment (papers II, III and IV). The first paper examines whether increased investment costs are profitable, taking into account the reduction in operating costs. The investment viability is approached by comparing investment in conventional and green residential building, particularly passive houses, using real construction and post-occupancy conditions. The increased investment costs in energy-efficient building were also the focus of paper VII. In this paper, the aim was to study how technologies used in energy-efficient residential building construction affect the available saleable floor area and how this impacts on the profitability of the investment. Potential losses and gains of saleable floor area in energy-efficient buildings were assessed using a modelled building and analysed with the help of the average construction cost. Papers II and IV present results from a study of occupants’ satisfaction and indoor environmental qualities. Both papers aim at comparing and analysing responses from occupants living in green and conventional buildings. Paper III focuses on a similar subject, but investigates occupants’ satisfaction among all adults living in multi-family buildings in Sweden, providing a national context for the results presented in papers II and IV. The results indicate that occupants are generally satisfied with their dwellings, but indoor environment proved to have a statistically significant effect on overall satisfaction. The results in paper V indicate that energy and environmental factors have a minor impact on customers’ decision to purchase or rent an apartment. However, availability of information on building energy and environmental performance may have an effect on the likelihood of the buyers’ being interested in environmental qualities and consequently an impact on their decision. The study presented in paper VI shows that customer interest in energy and environmental factors has a significant impact on stated willingness to pay for green dwellings. The paper discusses the stated willingness to pay for low-energy buildings and buildings with an environmental certificate and attempts to assess the rationale of the stated willingness to pay for low-energy dwellings given potential energy savings.Fokus i detta forskningsprojekt har legat på att undersöka värdet av gröna bostäder ur ett brett perspektiv, dvs både genom att studera byggherrens och de boendes (kundens) synpunkter. I avhandlingen ingår sju uppsatser. Undersökningen av byggherrens synpunkter fokuserades på kostnader och potentiella inkomster (uppsats I och VII). Kundernas åsikter undersöktes på tre olika sätt: vilken effekt energi och miljö faktorer hade på beslut att köpa eller hyra en lägenhet (uppsats V), betalningsvilja för gröna bostäder (uppsats VI) och slutligen de boendes trivsel samt nöjdhet med inomhusmiljön (uppsats II,III och IV). Den första uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka om ökningen av investeringskostnader vid byggande av gröna byggnader kan täckas av framtida energibesparingar och minskning av driftkostnad. Investeringens lönsamhet undersöktes genom att jämföra skillnader i byggkostnader mellan konventionella och gröna bostäder med skillnader i driftskostnader givet olika antaganden om energipriser och räntekrav. Huvudfokus i uppsats VII var också byggkostnader, men denna gång undersöktes hur nya tekniska lösningar påverkar boarea och lönsamhet av energieffektiva bostäder. Genom att konstruera en modell av ett typhus analyserades potentiella ökningar i boarea med nya lösningar och hur detta påverkade lönsamheten i olika geografiska lägen (prisnivåer). Uppsatserna II och IV presenterar resultat från boendeundersökningar. Båda uppsatserna syftar till att undersöka boendes trivsel och nöjdhet med inomhusmiljö samt att testa skillnaden i svar från boende i gröna och konventionella bostäder. Uppsats III fokuserar också på inomhusmiljön, men analysen gjordes på svaren som samlades in under Boverkets projekt BETSI och resultaten är därmed representativa för alla vuxna som bor i flerfamiljshus i Sverige. Uppsats III ger därmed en national kontext för uppsatserna II och IV. Resultaten visar att boende trivs i sina bostäder, men inomhusmiljön har en statistiks signifikanta effekt på allmän nöjdhet faktor.. Resultaten i uppsats V tyder på att energi- och miljöaspekter spelar mindre roll i beslutet att köpa eller hyra en lägenhet. Den synliga informationens tillgänglighet angående byggnadens energi- och miljöprestanda, påverkar kundens intresse för dessa faktorer och därmed indirekt hushållets beslut. Resultaten i uppsats VI pekar på att kunderna, som är intresserade av byggnaders energi och miljö prestanda, är villiga att betala mer för gröna bostäder. I uppsats 6 diskuteras betalningsvilja för låg-energi byggnader och för byggnader med miljöcertifikat samt utvärderas om den angivna betalningsviljan är rationell beslut när man tar hänsyn till nuvärdet av framtida energibesparingar.
QC 20131014
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Pekárek, Dominik. "Popis a testování komunikačních protokolů normy IEC 60870-5-103 a 60870-5-104." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319300.
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This thesis is focused on testing of communication protocols IEC 60870-5-103 and IEC 60870-5-104. Theoretical part of the thesis describes basic principles, services and possibilities of both communication protocols. Practical part of the thesis deals with configuration of the IEC 60870-5-103 communication standard of protective terminal REF630. PCVDEW6 tool was used to test this communication protocol. Next part of the thesis is focused on convertion of the communication standard IEC 61850 to IEC 61870-5-104 using control system COM600. The testing of both communication protocols was carried out in the laboratory of the protection relays on the testing panels at ABB Brno.
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Stodůlka, Ivo. "Model elektrické stanice s komunikačním protokolem IEC 61850." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219399.
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The amount of information transmitted in automation systems has grown exponentially, since the modern digital protection and control devices had been introduced. These systems with different features, limited data flow and the mutual incompatibility were mostly based on the principles defined by vendors themselves. The international communication standard IEC 61850 was created with the aim of introducing definite rules and the structure into the communication part of the electrical substations with the application of the latest technologies. This standard also emphasises the mutual interoperability of the different vendors´ devices. This thesis is focused on the comprehension of basic principles, the practical application and the testing of digital protections with IEC 61850 communication standard implemented. The first part of my thesis is a theoretical one and describes basic principles, services and possibilities of the abstract communication model defined by IEC 61850 standard. The second part of my thesis describes the configuration of IEC 61850 communication standard of the protective terminal REF 542plus with the partial support of this standard including only the vertical communication and the subsequent testing using the OMICRON's testing tool IED Scout. The third part of my thesis is focused on the configuration of the feeder protection REF615 which has fully implemented IEC 61850 standard covering both vertical and horizontal communication by means of the GOOSE messages and the subsequent testing using the ABB's testing tool ITT600 SA Explorer. The testing of both protective devices was carried out in the laboratory of the protection relays on the testing panels at ABB PPMV Brno. The conclusion summarizes the contributions of IEC 61850 communication standard and there are also compared the engineering procedures of the protective terminal REF 542plus and the feeder protection REF615.
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De, Lima Francisco. "Power System Protection Modelling with IEC 61850 and IEC 61499." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254404.
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The nature of the power system is changing; what was once a clearlydened generation-transmission-distribution-consumer power ow is nowshifting towards a distributed infrastructure, with great amounts of variablerenewable sources in the system. The penetration of alternative energieslike solar and wind have represented a game changer for the electricpower industry, diminishing the traditional dominance of fossil fuel basedsources, and moving towards a more renewable mixture. All this wasmade possible due to severe climate regulations, both in the Europeanand global framework, as well as ever decreasing installation, operationand maintenance costs for these novel technologies.However, the penetration of renewable energies brings challenges to thereliability and stability of the power system, which must be tackled accordingly.Fortunately, the tools are there, standards like the IEC61850 andIEC61499 were independently designed, and for dierent purposes. TheIEC61850 standard strives for inter-operability and vendor-independencewithin the substation design eld, specically in regards to the data objectsexchanged between the devices. On the other hand, the IEC61499standard is used for the design of industrial distributed systems.This report aims to answer the question: is it possible to generate anIEC61499 description which complements an IEC61850 substation speci-cation? To this end, an IEC61850-IEC61499 interface was created, whichtakes an IEC61850 substation specication description, as well as a seriesof conguration les (rules, connections, allocation, parameters) andgenerates extended descriptions of the substation, as well as a fully operationalIEC61499 system specication. This can be directly imported inthe 4DIAC tool, and executed to evaluate the performance of the designedprotection systems, in a network of distributed or centralized devices.A series of test cases were evaluated, and the obtained results demonstratethat it is possible to bridge the gap between IEC61850 and IEC61499,thus enabling power system engineers to assess the performance of a certainprotection scheme, before actually implementing it in the substation.This potentially reduces human errors and development times. The interfacewas implemented in Java p.l. and is distributed as an open sourceproject.Kraftsystemets karaktär förändras, vilket en gång var ett klart definie-rat generations-kraftnät-distributionsnät-konsumentflöde, Växlar nu mot en distribuerad infrastruktur, med stora mängder av förnybara källor i systemet. Inträngningen av alternativa energier som sol och vind har representerat en spelväxlare för elkraftindustrin, vilket allvarligt minskar den traditionella dominansen av fossila bränslebaserade källor och går mot en mer förnybar blandning. Allt detta gjordes på grund av svåra klimatbestämmelser, både inom den europeiska och globala ramen, samt att minska installationskostnaderna, driftskostnaderna och kostnaderna av underhållning, för denna nya teknik.Införandet av förnybara energikällor medför emellertid allvarliga utmaningar för kraftsystemets tillförlitlighet och stabilitet, vilket måsteåtgärdas i enlighet med detta. Lyckligtvis finns verktygen där standarder som IEC61850 och IEC61499 var självständigt utformade och för olika ändamål. IEC61850-standarden strävar efter interoperabilitet och leverantörsoberoende inom substationsdesignfältet, särskilt när det gäller de dataobjekt som utbyts mellan enheterna. Å andra sidan används IEC61499standarden för konstruktion av industriella distribuerade system.Denna rapport syftar till att svara på frågan: är det möjligt att generera en IEC61499 beskrivning som kompletterar en IEC61850 substationsspecifikation? För detta ändamål, ett IEC61850-IEC61499 gräns-snitt skapades, detta tar en IEC61850-specifikationsbeskrivning för stationen, liksom en grupp konfigurationsfiler (regler, anslutningar, allokering, parametrar) och genererar utökade beskrivningar av substation samt en helt operativ IEC61499-systemspecifikation, som direkt kan importeras i 4DIACverktyget, och exekveras för att utvärdera prestanda hos de utformade skyddssystemen, i ett nätverk av distribuerade enheter.En serie testfall utvärderades. De erhållna resultaten visar att det är möjligt att överbrygga klyftan mellan IEC61850 och IEC61499 och göra det möjligt för kraftsystemingenjörerna att bedöma prestanda för ett visst skyddsschema innan de faktiskt implementeras i substationen. Detta minskar potentiellt mänskliga fel och utvecklingstider. Gränssnittet implementerades i Java p.l. och distribueras som ett open source-projekt.
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Moreira, C. Claudia. "Invernadero educativo Down - IED." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/100806.
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La discapacidad se conceptualiza como un problema social y personal, que requiere no solo
atención médica y rehabilitadora, sino también apoyo para la integración social, a la que han
de darse respuestas mediante tratamientos individuales y acción social, y cuya superación
requiere de cambios personales como cambios en el entorno. Como consecuencia de este
proceso nace lo que llamamos Integración.
Tener una discapacidad conlleva a presentar dificultades para participar en
determinadas situaciones de la vida cotidiana, ambientes discapacitantes más que de
discapacidad. Lo que indica que para lograr una real integración el foco de accionar no solo
debe estar puesto en la persona que sufre una deficiencia sino que también en el ambiente
que lo hace discapacitado.
Es aquí donde la Arquitectura juega un rol importante al encontrarse relacionada
directamente con el usuario que la habita. Por ende el proyecto arquitectónico se centra en
la capacidad que esta disciplina ofrece para contribuir a la integración social y a la igualdad
de oportunidades para personas con discapacidad, enfocándose a ser participe y tutor en
el desarrollo de sus potencialidades y requerimientos.
Es por ello que se propone crear un proyecto arquitectónico que busque satisfacer las
necesidades formales, funcionales y espaciales que requiere el proceso educativo para un
usuario con Síndrome de Down; y de esta forma conformarse como una herramienta de
estimulación permanente para el desarrollo personal y social del usuario.
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Pierre, de Langtoft Thiolier Jean-Claude. "Le Règne d'Édouard Ier." Créteil : CÉLIMA [Centre d'études littéraires et iconographiques du Moyen âge], Université de Paris XII, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb350356774.
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Texte remanié de: Th.--Histoire--Paris IV, 1978.Contient la trad. en vers français, due à Pierre de Langtoft, de la bulle adressée par Boniface VIII à Édouard Ier le 27 juin 1299, de la réponse des barons anglais réunis en Parlement à Lincoln (12 février 1301) et de celle d'Édouard Ier (17 mai 1301).
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Srp, Jakub. "Simulátor průmyslové komunikace standardu IEC 61850." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413076.
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This thesis is focused on IEC 61850 communication protocols SMV, GOOSE and MMS and their implementation in SCADA systems. There is a simulator, run on Raspberry Pi, that generates data according to IEC 61850 and transmits the data using protocols in question. The simulation consist of various virtual devices e.g. surge protection, undervoltage protection, circuit breaker, disconnector, HMI. The MMS protocol is used for station control. Simulation can be user-defined from textual configuration file.
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Junior, Osvaldo Rein. "Um modelo de integração entre os padrões IEC 61850 e IEC 61970 (CIM/ XML)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-05092006-150514/.
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REIN JR., O. UM MODELO DE INTEGRAÇÃO ENTRE OS PADRÕES IEC 61850 E IEC 61970 (CIM/XML). 2006. 98 p. Dissertação Mestrado Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. A troca de informação entre os vários sistemas de gerenciamento e outros sistemas de informação de uma empresa do setor elétrico não é apenas desejada, mas, na maioria dos casos, necessária. Dois padrões internacionais surgiram, um relacionado à troca de dados nas subestações (IEC 61850) e outro relacionado à troca de informações entre os centros de controle (IEC 61970), sendo ambos publicados pelo comitê técnico 57 (TC57) do IEC, cujo tema é o gerenciamento e a troca de informação associados aos sistemas de potência. Contudo, apesar da similaridade em seu domínio de aplicação, cada um tem seu próprio modelo de objetos. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar como a integração dos dados pertencentes aos sistemas de controle da subestação e do centro de controle pode ser alcançada, de maneira a permitir que a topologia de uma determinada subestação possa ser conhecida pelo EMS/SCADA. Vale, ainda, ter em conta que a verificação de tal análise demanda a implementação de um protótipo simulando a arquitetura de integração proposta. Logo, o estudo contempla as anotações que refletem os passos dessa implementação, bem como o registro dos testes exigidos pelos trabalhos, os quais compreenderam informações sobre a configuração de uma subestação contidos num arquivo SCL, informações de tempo real obtidas a partir de dispositivos eletrônicos inteligentes (IEDs), e a gravação desses dados em uma base de dados relacional modelada de acordo com o Common Information Model (CIM) contido na IEC 61970-301.REIN JR., O An integration model between the IEC 61850 and IEC 61970 standards. 2006. 98 p. Dissertação Mestrado Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. The exchange of information among several management systems and other information systems of an electric utility company is not only desired but in most cases needed. Two international standards have emerged, one related to the data exchange of substations (IEC 61850) and another related to the exchange of information among control centers (IEC 61970), both published by the IEC technical committee 57 (TC57) that deals with the management and exchange of information on power systems. Nevertheless, in spite of the similarity in its application domain, each standard has its own object model. This work intends to investigate how to achieve the integration of data belonging to the substation control and control center systems, thus allowing a specific substation topology to be known by the EMS/SCADA. It is important to emphasize that the verification of such analysis required the implementation of a prototype to simulate the proposed integration architecture. Therefore, this work includes notes describing the implementation steps, as well as the record of the tests that have been done, encompassing substation configuration information within a SCL file, real-time information obtained from intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) and data recording in a relational database modeled according to the Common Information Mode (CIM) comprised in the IEC 61970-301.
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Bechtel, Wayne, Nathaniel Hathaway, Trevor Jerdee, Eric Laskey, Jill McConaghy, Lisa Quade, Kariym Smith, Scott Sparrow, and James Tuey. "Roving UAV IED interdiction system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6957.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.In support of the Naval Postgraduate School's Systems Engineering Capstone, a project team was formed from Cohort 311-093A to perform an analysis on the possibility of utilizing Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) in campaign against improvised explosive devices (IEDs). The goal of the project was to determine if a weapon system is feasible to increase capabilities to the warfighter in the fight against the IED threat. The project scope was limited to the UAV classes with local (squad/battalion) control to provide an organic increase in capabilities
specifically Tier I (man-portable) and Tier II (tactical) families of UAVs. Modeling and simulation, warhead analysis, and a cost analysis were used to score the proposed alternatives on specific Key Performance Parameters. This information was analyzed and a recommendation was made to only arm the Tier II UAV using a small missile.
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Rusz, Lukáš. "Simulační prostředí standardu IEC 61850." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413079.
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The work deals with communication protocols of the IEC 61850 standard. The protocols GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Events), SMV (Sampled Measured Values) and MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification) are described. The protocols are used to create a simulation network, which is described in this work. The simulation network is created in the OMNeT ++, program installed in the Ubuntu virtual environment.
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Mims, Pamela J. "IES SBIR Funded Project Presentation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3235.
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Brandt, Gustav. "Counter IED : Är den svenska försvarsmakten anpassad för internationellt arbete? En fallstudie av den svenska försvarsmakten." Thesis, Swedish National Defence College, Swedish National Defence College, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-773.
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Den svenska försvarsmakten har genomgått en förändring mot ett insatsförsvar från ett invasionsförsvar. I dagsläget genomför Försvarsmakten insatser internationellt, tillsammans med flera olika nationer, något som ställer krav på interoperabilitet. Försvarsmakten har genomfört insatser i Afghanistan sedan 2002 och har där varit med om utvecklingen av IED-hotet och på så sätt blivit tvungen att genomföra en anpassning. Hur långt har denna anpassning kommit, främst i form av utbildning och direktiv utgivna av Försvarsmakten? Ett tydligt mål är uppsatt men finns underlaget för att nå detta mål? I uppsatsen kommer jag att jämföra de styrningar som finns i målet, NATO 2294 och AJP 3.15, med de direktiv som Försvarsmakten har gett ut och de krav som ställs på utbildning.
The Swedish Armed Forces have transformed from being mainly a national defence force to becoming a mission-based force, capable of being deployed within and outside the Swedish border. Currently, the Swedish Armed Forces are operating internationally, with several other nationalities. It has therefore become important for the Armed Forces to be capable of operating with other nations. Since the beginning of 2002, the Swedish Armed Forces has been operating in Afghanistan and experienced the changes in the level of IED-threat and has been forced to adapt to it. How far has this adaptation come, with focus on training and instructions? There is a goal stated, but do the necessary qualities exist? In this paper I will compare the goal, NATO STANAG 2294 and AJP 3.15, with the instructionsand the demands on training that the Swedish Armed Forces has developed.
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Drake, Brian M. "An Examination of the Alignment Between Individualized Education Program (IEP) Goals and IEP Progress Reports." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1590588661832163.
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Faria, Flávio José Jesus. "Relatório do Estágio realizado no ISQ." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Tomar, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/5824.
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O presente Relatório enquadra-se na Unidade Curricular de Estágio, do Mestrado em Reabilitação Urbana do Instituto Politécnico de Tomar.
O estágio foi realizado no Instituto de Soldadura e Qualidade (ISQ), uma entidade privada e independente com cerca de 50 anos de atividade, que presta serviços no âmbito da inspeção, ensaios, formação e consultoria técnica. Este período de estágio decorreu ao longo de dois semestres: no primeiro a tempo parcial (17 Outubro de 2012 a 15 Fevereiro de 2013) e no segundo a tempo inteiro (25 Fevereiro de 2013 a 7 Junho de 2013).
No primeiro contacto estabelecido com a entidade de acolhimento, foram definidos os objetivos a atingir e o tipo de atividades a desenvolver ao longo do estágio. Desde o primeiro momento foi iniciado todo um processo de integração e adaptação ao local de trabalho, o que permitiu um primeiro contacto com a diversidade das atividades desenvolvidas pela entidade de acolhimento.
No período subsequente, o estagiário interveio na realização de várias atividades, salientando-se as seguintes:
Análise de Vários Documentos;
Caracterização Visual de Amostras em Betão;
Acompanhamento da Inspeção Técnica à Ponte da Figueira da Foz;
Acompanhamento da Inspeção Técnica a uma Fração de um Edifício de Habitação Multifamiliar;
Acompanhamento da Inspeção Técnica à Ponte do Beliche;
Colaboração no Projeto de Requalificação de Serviços de Formação Profissional do Instituto do Emprego e Formação Profissional
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Uchytil, Tomáš. "Testování komunikace ochran podle IEC 61850." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219085.
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This thesis contains an overview of a new standard IEC 61850. Parts of the standard are described particularly. More space is devoted to the analysis of communication in substations and to features of horizontal GOOSE messages. The other part is devoted to testers of protection and their use in testing of communication in substations according with IEC 61850. The last part is a practical example of using the tester and software for communication network monitoring and measurement of reaction of the system which is controlled with GOOSE messages.
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Faye, Mathieu Coumba. "Etude de systèmes basse consommation avec récupération d'énergie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0634.
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Habituellement, les antennes utilisées dans les technologies RFID communiquant en champ proche ont une surface relativement grande. La réduction de cette surface présente un fort intérêt dans la mesure où elle facilite l’intégration dans des objets de petite dimension. Cependant, elle conduit à une diminution considérable de l’énergie disponible. Une amélioration de l’efficacité de fonctionnement, de tous les dispositifs intégrés à la puce, est primordiale pour pouvoir conserver les mêmes fonctionnalités d’un système passif avec une taille d’antenne qui tend à se réduire. Toutefois, l’optimisation adéquate devra se faire au niveau du système global. Cela assurera une contribution optimale de chaque dispositif inclus dans le circuit mais aussi celle de l’antenne radiofréquence. A cela se rajoute la tendance, au sein des applications associées à ces technologies, à intégrer de plus en plus de données et à nécessiter des débits de plus en plus élevés. Afin de répondre à ces problématiques, nous avons mené des études systèmes permettant d’identifier les différents facteurs influents dans la récupération d’énergie et de proposer un système optimisé. Pour l’aspect communication, nous avons étudié et conçu une PLL, basée sur la synchronisation par injection et un algorithme de descente de gradient, permettant de fournir une image sinusoïdale de la porteuse RF. Cela a permis, d’apporter une solution à l’absence de signal RF, durant la modulation ASK. Mais surtout de rendre possible une démodulation quadratique analogique. Grâce à cette méthode, nous avons réussi à concevoir un système compatible avec les méthodes de modulation ASK et PSKNear field RFID technologies use to embark loop antennas large enough to provide the amount of energy needed by the all the circuits they are interfaced with. Reducing the size of those antennas facilitates their integration into small sized objects and opens up the possibility of new applications. However, it also reduces the energy transfer capability of the system. In order to keep the same functionalities with this size reduction trend, it is clear that each important part of the integrated circuit need to have a higher efficiency. Although an overall optimization, ensuring an optimal contribution of each of all the parts of the system, is more fitting. In addition to this energy drop, the current applications create an increasing need of high data volume exchange and high data rates. The main objectives of thesis work are the optimization of the power transfer capabilities of 13.56MHz passive RF systems and the improvement of the communication circuits. A thorough study, to identify the key factors in RF power transfer, have been led. The ultimate goal being the design of an optimized system. For the communication aspect a discrete PLL, based on injection locking and gradient descent algorithm, was studied and designed. Thus introducing a new method of carrier recovery in this field. This PLL provides a synchronous clock to the system during OOK modulation and also a sine shaped clock for quadrature demodulation. This method was successfully tested on ASK and PSK modulated signals.Two chip have been design and manufactured, using STMicroelectronics 130nm technology for the power recovery system and UMC 55nm technology for the clock and data recovery system
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Jodamus, Johnathan. "An investigation into the construction(s) and representation(s) of masculinity(ies) and femininity(ies) in 1 Corinthians." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20265.
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With the use of SRI as an interpretive analytics combined with a gender-critical hermeneutical optic I have traced out some of the ways in which gender is constituted and performed in the discourse of 1 Corinthians. I demonstrate that normative and normalising engendering is operative in the text and that the discourse replicates hegemonic gendered structurings and machinations from the broader social and cultural environment of that milieu. As a result Christian bodies are scripted to perform according to the dominant cultural protocols and engendering praxes. Because Paul is structured by and functions within the larger discourses of the ancient Mediterranean sex and gender system(s), one cannot comprehend the gendered rhetoric of 1 Corinthians without recourse to its interconnections with ancient gender discourses in general. Furthermore, when Paul is engaged in persuasion through the discourse of 1 Corinthians, gender construction(s) and representation(s), because of the nature of gender in the ancient world, is precisely what is at stake. It seems evident that the discourse of 1 Corinthians tendentiously served to maintain and sustain hierarchical gendered relationships between men and women in the church at Corinth that mimicked the normative, androcentric, and kyriarchal power relations from the dominant Graeco-Roman culture. These power dynamics continue to have an effect on many churches today because they understand Scripture to be regulative for Christian practice in our contemporary society in spite of the temporal and cultural separation of our world from that of the world of the New Testament. As a result contemporary churches reproduce gendered power relations that have been established in habitus which in turn enables replicated gendered structurings in society. In this regard the rhetoric of 1 Corinthians may be viewed as a text that functions as discourse in the making and sustaining of gendered and ideological normativities that continue to structure gendered bodies and bodiliness. It should be kept in mind that the structuredness of habitus came into being as the product of reiteration and sedimenting, and its dismantling similarly will come about as a result of reiteration.
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Duarte, Pedro. "Le vocabulaire latin de la sculpture et de la peinture (Ier s. av. n.è. – Ier s. de n.è.)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040033.
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Les sources littéraires du Ier siècle av. n.è. et du Ier s. de n.è. permettent de suivre la formation et l’enrichissement du vocabulaire de la sculpture et de la peinture en latin, accompagnant de près le développement dans le bassin méditerranéen d’un commerce des œuvres appartenant aux arts visuels, développement initié vers le IIe s. av. n.è. Partant, il est possible d’observer la manière dont des lettrés se font les témoins de cette constitution d’un vocabulaire, aussi bien dans une approche lexicale que sémantique. Il convient de faire le départ entre un vocabulaire hérité et son enrichissement plus récent, surtout dans la perspective de l’étude linguistique de la motivation des lexèmes dont disposaient les locuteurs latins. Dans le domaine de la sculpture et de la peinture, où les Grecs ont développé des expressions artistiques connues, reconnues et prisées, la constitution du lexique latin se fait également en regard du lexique déjà disponible en grec. Il ne s’agit pas exclusivement de traductions, de transferts ou calques lexicaux ou sémantiques, mais également d’émulation entre les deux langues, ce qui apparaît nettement à propos du vocabulaire esthétique, mais également lorsque les locuteurs latins se réapproprient les lexèmes grecs pour dénoter des realia du monde latin, modifiant alors la signification première des termes et expressions repris au grec. Nous analysons, de ce fait, la motivation des lexèmes appartenant à ce pan du lexique latin, pour apprécier l’intégration de ces lexèmes dans la langue latine, au vu des emplois et des commentaires métalinguistiques faits par les auteurs, dans des sources exclusivement littérairesThe literary sources from the 1st century B.E. and the 1st century C.E. allow us to follow the formation and growth of the Latin vocabulary in the areas of sculpture and painting. This closely parallels the development throughout the Mediterranean of the trade in visual works of art that started around the 2nd century B.E., so that by using both a lexical and a semantic approach, we can see how the scholars of antiquity bore witnesses to the creation of this new vocabulary. A distinction must be made here between inherited vocabulary and more recent lexical creations, especially in the context of our linguistic analysis of the degree of motivation of those lexemes that were available to Latin speakers. In the areas of sculpture and painting the Greeks had already developed a well-known and widely accepted and appreciated body of artistic production, so that the corresponding Latin lexicon was developed within the framework of the already existing Greek vocabulary. The relationship between the two languages involved not only translations and lexical and semantic transfers and calques, but even a degree of emulation. The latter is clearly to be seen in the vocabulary of aesthetics, but also when Latin speakers took over Greek terms in order to denote Roman realia and in the process altered the original meaning of those terms and expressions or phrasal lexemes. For this reason we will analyze here the motivation of the terms belonging to this part of the Latin lexicon, determining the degree of integration of these lexical items into the Latin language as a function both of their use in the literary texts and of the metalinguistic comments of the authors concerned
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Chen, Mingqing. "A rule-based expert system for IAQ." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1115997020.
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Riggs, Julie J. "An approach to increasing awareness of IAQ." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2014. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13523/.
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This project explores the approach to increasing the awareness of indoor air quality using a literature research to evaluate historical context, critiquing combined contaminants, reviewing fragrances, appraising awareness, resources and government policy, both UK and Worldwide. Two surveys were conducted with local authorities and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Practitioners in order to explore risk perception and awareness within a real world situation. The literature research and project activities raised further discussion points regarding the application of risk management, cost effective modelling, impact of body burden, the increase trend of scent marketing, understanding and influencing society risk perception and evaluation of the leadership of IAQ at local and government levels. This project highlights some key recommendations including the requirement to label products, particularly products like perfume who claim brand protection, to enable the consumer to understand the ingredients and make choices about their purchases; Funding for the development of bio-monitoring and multi-pollutant frameworks to build on existing silo contaminant research and create a harmonised and structured approach in understanding psychological and physiological impact interactions from a mixture of pollutants; And the establishment of an IAQ body to lead and engage stakeholders to deliver effective IAQ models. As a legacy of the project, the first accredited IOSH UK IAQ certificate and website was developed, implemented and appraised. This project is submitted as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Professional Studies with an overall programme plan of ‘setting the agenda and raising awareness of IAQ within the UK’.
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Kling, Martin. "Unsecured sessions with ICQ : applying forensic computing." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik och datavetenskap, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4724.
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Digital evidence is becoming more and more frequent and important in investigations carried out by the police. To make the correct judgements, the police force needs to know what one can do with ICQ and in what ways it can be exploited. This thesis aims to point out weaknesses in ICQ that can aid the police in their work. But these weaknesses can not only be used by the police, also crackers can perform malicious acts with them. Therefore, I investigated if the use of ICQ resulted in non-secure sessions. To investigate ICQ’s security, I divided a session into an authentication phase, sending of messages, and the protection of stored messages in a history file. While investigating ICQ, I sniffed its Internet traffic and monitored files on the computer’s hard drive with MD5 checksums. I have investigated the following three ICQ applications: ICQ Pro 2003a, ICQ2Go and the Linux clone Licq. The result of the entire investigation showed that ICQ had a non-secured authentication phase, non-secured messages and no protection for stored messages. From these results the main conclusion was derived: The use of ICQ resulted in non-secure instant messaging sessions. Your ICQ account can be hijacked and another person can impersonate you and send messages that you dislike. Also, your messages can be intercepted on the Internet and their content can be read. If your computer is compromised, all your previous messages on ICQ Pro 2003a and Licq can be read.Martin Kling Fältv 17 SE-291 39 Kristianstad martinkling@hotmail.com 0733691999
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O'Hara, Matthew. "Detection of IED emplacement in urban environments." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3960.
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This research will be focused on discovering patterns of activity that lead to the emplacement of IEDs by terrorists in urban environments. This research will employ a network in a predictive mode by looking for suspicious activity patterns and raising alerts when a pre-determined level of confidence is achieved in the prediction. The scope of this thesis will be to conduct various experiments using wireless sensor network motes to detect the presence of magnetic material. Using various configurations of the motes, a pattern will be established that best predicts the presence of IEDs in a busy urban environment. The configurations will be designed and tested for reliability and coverage to support detection in various urban settings. The results show that wireless sensor networks in conjunction with other anti-IED methods prove useful for the detection of IED material in urban settings. A wireless sensor network configured with proper equipment provides useful results for detecting IEDs and shows potential for correctly predicting behavior associated personnel carrying IED material.
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Fonseca, Izabel Aparecida Zimermann. "Uma Revisão dos IEA/RIMA sobre Manguezais." Universidade de São Paulo, 1995. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/90/90131/tde-23112011-143025/.
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Os conceitos e técnicas que envolvem a caracterização dos bosques de mangue são amplamente conhecidos e utilizados em diversas pesquisas, teses e relatórios técnicos elaborados para distintas finalidades, seja com o intuito de identificar e descrever o bosque, acompanhar a evolução de impactos ou ainda apontar áreas prioritárias para o gerenciamento ambiental. Entretanto há uma grande carência de informações sobre como o manguezal é estudado para efeito de elaboração de EIA/RIMA. Assim, com o objetivo de identificar qual a abordagem utilizada nesses documentos para análise de áreas de mangue e registrar se os mesmos adotam os conceitos e técnicas usuais de pesquisa para esse ecossistema, o presente estudo consiste em uma revisão de oito EIA/RIMA referentes a regiões litorâneas do Estado de São Paulo. Como não existe um procedimento técnico que propicie a discussão do estudo dos manguezais no contexto da elaboração de EIA/RIMA, foi necessário delinear um procedimento de investigação que se adequasse a presente proposta. Os levantamentos de informações contidas nos EIA/RIMA basearam-se na metodologia recomendada para estudo dos manguezais. Os diagnósticos foram classificados quanto a natureza dos dados apresentados em primários e secundários, e quanto a sua tipologia em qualitativos ou quantitativos. Nos prognósticos foram identificadas e comparadas as bases empíricas e/ou conceituais usadas, bem como os tipos de monitoramento e medidas mitigadoras propostas. Verificou-se que os diagnósticos dos manguezais são predominantemente baseados em dados primários e secundários qualitativos, ou seja, a ocorrência de medidas de campo são raras. Os prognósticos caracterizam-se basicamente pelo uso de medidas qualitativas. Somente um EIA/RIMA apresentou proposta de monitoramento em área de manguezal.
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Genov, Evgeny. "Filter Design for an HVDC protection IED." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286672.
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A selective fault detection approach is necessary for successful implementation of multi-terminal high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) grids. Fault detection is per- formed by an intelligent electronic device (IED) that takes in voltage and current measurements, performs fault detection algorithms, and outputs, e.g., trip signals for circuit breakers. A digital low-pass filter is utilised for removing the noise from the signal monitored. The amount of delay imposed on the signal by the filter implementation is critical for speed requirements of DC fault detection. The goal of this research is selecting the best performing design of a digital filter based on considerations, which are application-specific. After considering the theoretical constraints and previous research conducted, a filter design most suitable for the fault detection in HVDC grids is proposed. A series of specifications of Butter- worth filters are tested in a lab environment using the intelligent electronic device (IED) prototype and the dv/dt fault detection algorithm. The behaviour of the filter is studied with respect to changes in threshold setting and slope of a voltage collapse. The speed and accuracy of fault detection are the criteria used for as- sessment of filter performance. The suggested filter design improves the accuracy of fault detection to 2.5 % as compared to 8 % when using no filter (both — for the lowest dv/dt threshold setting). The improved filter shows a more consistent performance across the operational range of threshold settings in the IED.För ett välfungerande högspänd likströms system (HVDC) med fler terminaler än två (MTDC) är det nödvändigt att ha en selektiv feldetektering. Feldetekteringen utförs av en IED (intelligent electronic device) som läser in spännings- och strömmätningar, kör algoritmer för feldetektering och skickar ut t.ex. brytsignaler till strömbrytare. Ett digitalt lågpassfilter implementeras för att reducera störningar på de övervakade signalerna. Den fördröjning som uppkommer på grund av filtret, är kritisk för de tidsbegränsningar som finns för att upptäcka fel i likströmssystem. Målet med denna studie är att välja den digitala filter design med bäst prestanda, baserat på överväganden som är applikationsspecifika. Efter att ha övervägt de teoretiska begräsningarna och tidigare genomförd forskning, föreslås en filter design bäst lämpad för felsökning inom MTDC. En serie av Butterworth filter är testade i labbmiljö med en IED prototyp och dv/dt algoritm för feldetektering. Filtrets beteende analyseras med avseende på förändringar i tröskelnivåer och lutningen av spänningskollapsen. Hastigheten och noggrannheten i felsökningen är kriterier som används vid utvärderingen av filters beteende. Den föreslagna filter designen förbättrar noggrannheten i feldetekteringen med 2.5 % i jämförelse med 8 % med det ursprungliga filtret (där båda har den lägsta dv/dt tröskelnivån). Det förbättrade filtret visar mer konsekvent prestanda över hela det operativa området av tröskelnivåerna i IEDn.
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CHEN, MINGQING. "A RULE BASED EXPERT SYSTEM FOR IAQ." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1115997020.
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El, Machrafi Khadija. "Volubilis Ier-IIIe siècles : les divinités pai͏̈ennes." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040238.
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La révolte qui suivit l'assassinat de Ptolémée de Maurétanie ne put empêcher l'annexion du pays et la création de deux provinces romaines. Volubilis, ville phare de cette province de l'extrême occident africain, rejoint ainsi toutes ces cités qui ont contribué au rayonnement de la civilisation romano-africaine. La ville, qui n'était pas restée à l'écart de la koiné culturelle méditerranéenne adopte, à l'instar des autres cités africaines, les cultes introduits par les nouveaux maîtres et met en place la religion impériale, gage de loyauté des populations. Pourtant, derrière cette apparente conformité, l'examen des documents laisse apparaître des particularités propres à cette cité où certaines des grandes divinités africaines n'ont rencontré que peu d'écho quand elles ne sont pas absentes. Faut-il, malgré l'ignorance où nous sommes de la vie religieuse à Volubilis durant l'époque préromaine, chercher dans l'existence de cultes antérieurs, l'explication de cette adhésion sélective ? Rome a, certes, toléré l'expression de particularismes dans la vie religieuse mais elle n'en a pas moins imposé ces dieuxThe rebellion which followed the murder of Ptolemy of Mauritania could not prevent the annexation of the country and the founding of two Roman provinces. Volubilis, the leading city of this farthest African West, thus joins all the cities that have contributed to the worldwide influence of the afro-roman civilisation. The city, which had already been influenced by the Mediterranean cultural koine, adopts, alike the other African cities, the cults introduced by the new masters and sets the Emperor's cult as a token of the populations' loyalty. However, beyond this apparent conformity the analysis of the documents reveals some original characteristics about this city where a number of great African gods have met tedious welcome if not none at all. In Spite of our ignorance of religious life in Volubilis during the pre-roman period, shall this selective adhesion be explained by the existence of former cults ? Rome has actually tolerated that specificities be expressed in religious life but it has nonetheless imposed its gods
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O'Hara, Matthew P. H. "Detection of IED emplacement in urban environments." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Sept/08Sep%5FOHara.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Singh, Gurminder. "September 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 31, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-44). Also available in print.
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Freitas, Luiz Laertes de. "A autonomia nas IES públicas estaduais paranaenses." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/78267.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T12:07:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T18:56:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 177440.pdf: 3813445 bytes, checksum: fc01e3b5104c9870a59caf3d22bd198a (MD5)
O estudo procurou identificar a visão e as perspectivas dos Dirigentes das Instituições de Ensino Superior Estaduais Paranaenses. O trabalho buscou contextualizar a importância do exercício de liberdade de atuação nas Universidades, desde sua origem, apresentando fatos históricos e contemporâneos na evolução do processo da Educação Superior Brasileira. Os resultados podem ser sintetizados nas concepções dos Dirigentes das Universidades e Faculdades sobre as visões de autonomia e perspectivas organizacionais, administrativas e de Ensino.
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Tai, Chih-Che. "Lessons and Best Practices of ITQ Projects." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3301.
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Ngqondi, Tembisa Grace. "The ISO/IEC 27002 and ISO/IEC 27799 information security management standards : a comparative analysis from a healthcare perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1066.
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Technological shift has become significant and an area of concern in the health sector with regard to securing health information assets. Health information systems hosting personal health information expose these information assets to ever-evolving threats. This information includes aspects of an extremely sensitive nature, for example, a particular patient may have a history of drug abuse, which would be reflected in the patient’s medical record. The private nature of patient information places a higher demand on the need to ensure privacy. Ensuring that the security and privacy of health information remain intact is therefore vital in the healthcare environment. In order to protect information appropriately and effectively, good information security management practices should be followed. To this end, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published a code of practice for information security management, namely the ISO 27002 (2005). This standard is widely used in industry but is a generic standard aimed at all industries. Therefore it does not consider the unique security needs of a particular environment. Because of the unique nature of personal health information and its security and privacy requirements, the need to introduce a healthcare sector-specific standard for information security management was identified. The ISO 27799 was therefore published as an industry-specific variant of the ISO 27002 which is geared towards addressing security requirements in health informatics. It serves as an implementation guide for the ISO 27002 when implemented in the health sector. The publication of the ISO 27799 is considered as a positive development in the quest to improve health information security. However, the question arises whether the ISO 27799 addresses the security needs of the healthcare domain sufficiently. The extensive use of the ISO 27002 implies that many proponents of this standard (in healthcare), now have to ensure that they meet the (assumed) increased requirements of the ISO 27799. The purpose of this research is therefore to conduct a comprehensive comparison of the ISO 27002 and ISO 27799 standards to determine whether the ISO 27799 serves the specific needs of the health sector from an information security management point of view.
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Ncube, Alexander Mandlenkosi. "IEC 61850-9-2 based sampled values and IEC 61850-8-1 Goose messages mapping on an FPGA platform." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2377.
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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.Electricity substation monitoring and control systems have evolved over the years from simple systems capable of achieving minimalistic functions to autonomous, self-healing smart grid schemes (Farhangi, 2010). The migration of technology to networked smart grid systems was driven by the need for standardisation of communication networks, system configuration and also the reduction of system implementation costs and engineering time. Before the introduction of a uniform communication standard, legacy (non-standardised) communication protocols, for example, the Distributed Network Protocol (DNP3) were used by Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) for information exchange (Luwaca, 2014). These communication protocols could not provide a standard naming convention or data semantics since the data/information was accessed using an address-based system. The implementation of automation systems based on legacy protocols and RTUs was expensive because of parallel copper wiring required to connect instrument transformers and circuit breakers to multiple RTUs for protection and monitoring functions (Iloh et al., 2014). Legacy systems refer to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems implemented using RTUs and legacy communication protocols. Legacy systems tended to be vendor specific because devices from different vendors did not support the same communication protocol. These issues led to the introduction of the IEC 61850 standard. The IEC 61850 standard for “communication networks and systems in a substation” provides standardised naming convention, data semantics, standardised device configuration and also device interoperability and interchangeability in some instances. The IEC 61850 standard provides a solution to expensive parallel copper wiring and standardisation issues experienced with legacy protocols. In as much as the introduction of the IEC 61850 standard addresses problems experienced with legacy system there is still a need to provide inexpensive access to IEC 61850-compliant devices and effective knowledge transfer to facilitate implementation of automation systems based on this standard. The development of an IEC 61850-compliant device requires a specialised skillset and financial investment for research and industrialisation therefore only a few vendors manufacture these devices resulting in an increase in production and manufacturing costs. For this reason this research project develops VHDL modules for mapping IEC 61850-9-2 Sampled Value (SV) messages and IEC 61850-8-1 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messages on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform. Sampled values are used for transmitting current and voltage transformer (CT and VT) measurements to protection devices while GOOSE messages exchange information/commands between primary equipment (CT, VT and circuit breaker) and protection devices over an Ethernet network known as the process bus.
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Hill, Robert. "Does IEB make the grade? Alternative testing methods and educational outcomes: The case of the IEB in South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31374.
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According to the Independent Examinations Board (IEB, 2015), students who write the IEB National Senior Certificate school-leaving exam are at a distinct advantage and seem to be better prepared for the pressures and challenges faced during their university years than are those students who wrote the Department of Basic Education (DBE) exams. Although the underlying curriculum is no different, the IEB exam is thought to be more challenging and to encourage more critical thinking and deeper engagement with the material than the DBE exam. Thus, this research paper aims to provide a rigorous investigation of whether those students who write the IEB exam at the end of their matric year achieve higher university grades in their first year of study, as well as a decomposition of this effect into a teaching effect and a testing effect. This is done by exploiting within-school variation of examination boards. Given that studies investigating independent school impacts on university performance have predominantly been conducted internationally (McNabb et al., 2002; Ogg et al., 2009; Smith & Naylor, 2001; Smith & Naylor, 2005), this paper will add to the literature in the South African context. By using the techniques of OLS, quantile regression, binary choice probit models and ordered probit models, this paper attempts to provide a holistic view of the effect that the IEB school-leaving examination has on a student’s academic performance at a tertiary level. The data used in this study is also unique, in that it is made up of an amalgamation of student record data obtained from the University of Cape Town (UCT), as well as governmental survey data. This paper finds that the IEB examination has a strong positive effect of between 1.6 and 6.5 percentage points on first-year GPA at UCT, particularly in the Medicine and Engineering faculties. Furthermore, this effect is present, but decreasing across the entirety of the performance distribution. Students with an IEB matric are significantly more likely to achieve a 2nd class pass or higher at the end of their first year of study than are comparable students from Former African schools. When decomposing the IEB effect into a teaching effect and a testing effect, it was found that the majority of the impact of the IEB comes simply from the different exam, and that teaching effects are minimal. A further finding of interest is that the IEB effect seems to be independent of resource availability, and that simply the exposure to the alternative testing method is sufficient for students to see significant improvements in their university performance. These results are robust to changes in functional form, and provide a strong and clear picture that perhaps South Africa should be adopting more of the IEB policies towards teaching and learning on a national scale.
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Diaz, Canales Eva María. "Síntesis de Nuevos Materiales Microporosos Mediante Técnicas High-Throughput." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/59230.
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[EN] Zeolites are microporous crystalline materials showing channels and cavities of molecular dimensions in its interior. The main advantage of these materials is their high thermal and chemical stability as well as the possibility to change the topology and dimensions of the channels and cavities.
The main goal of this thesis is to obtain new microporous materials (zeolites) and to widen the composition range of some existing materials, using high-throughput techniques of synthesis and characterization.
Four families of structure directing agents (SDAs) are synthesized to obtain these microporous materials and each family is formed by quaternary tetraalkylammonium cations. The size and the volume of the members of each SDA family are increased to carry out a study on how it affects this increase on the type of zeolite that crystallizes
Taking into account the importance of each of the various parameters that influence on the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites and trying to cover all the possible range of composition, a factorial design of experiments for each obtained and characterized SDA is performed. The materials of interest obtained in these experiments are subjected to an exhaustive characterization, in order to determine its structure and properties.
Known materials such as zeolites ITQ-3, ITQ-43 and ITQ-44 have been obtained with the SDAs used. But the most important thing of this thesis has been obtaining two new materials, which we refer to as ITQ-57 and ITQ-60. The structure of the zeolite ITQ-60 is completely determined and we can conclude that it is an intergrown material, formed by two layers and presenting a two-dimensional system of 10 x 12 MR channels. On the other hand, the structure of the zeolite ITQ-57 is in its final stages of definition, but we are able to determine is that it presents a large orthorhombic unit cell.
We must also mention the obtaining of an optimized synthesis method of the chiral zeolite SU-32. This zeolite has been synthesized as a racemic mixture with a chiral SDA. Using theoretical calculations it has been found that every one of the enantiomers of the SDA is able to lead to the formation of each one of the enantiomers of chiral zeolite. The last step is to synthesize each enantiomer of the SDA separately, allowing us to obtain the two chiral zeolites.[ES] Las zeolitas son materiales cristalinos microporosos que presentan canales y cavidades de dimensiones moleculares en su interior. La principal ventaja de estos materiales es su elevada estabilidad térmica y química, así como la posibilidad de poder variar la topología y dimensiones de los canales y cavidades. El principal objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es la obtención de nuevos materiales microporosos (zeolitas) y ampliar el rango de composición de alguno ya existente, empleando técnicas de síntesis y caracterización de alta capacidad. Para la obtención de estos materiales microporosos se sintetizan cuatro familias de agentes directores de estructura (ADEs), formadas por cationes tetraalquilamonio cuaternarios. En cada familia de ADEs se aumentan el tamaño y el volumen del agente para poder realizar un estudio sobre cómo afecta este aumento sobre el tipo de zeolita que cristaliza. Obtenidos y caracterizados los agentes directores de estructura, se lleva a cabo un diseño factorial de experimentos para cada uno de ellos teniendo en cuenta cada una de las variables que influyen sobre la síntesis hidrotermal de zeolitas e intentando cubrir el mayor rango posible de composición. Los materiales de interés obtenidos en estos experimentos se someten a una caracterización exhaustiva, para poder determinar su estructura y propiedades. Con los ADEs con los que se ha trabajado se ha obtenido materiales conocidos entre los que destacan las zeolitas ITQ-3, ITQ-43 e ITQ-44. Pero lo más importante de la realización de esta tesis ha sido la obtención de dos nuevos materiales, a los que se les ha denominado ITQ-57 e ITQ-60. La estructura de la zeolita ITQ-60 está completamente determinada y podemos concluir que es un material intercrecido, formado por dos capas y que presenta un sistema bidimensional de canales formados por anillos de 10 y 12 miembros. Por otro lado, la estructura de la zeolita ITQ-57 se encuentra en sus últimas etapas de determinación, pero ha podido determinarse que presenta una celda unidad ortorrómbica de grandes dimensiones. También es de destacar la obtención de un método optimizado de síntesis de la zeolita quiral SU-32. Esta zeolita se ha sintetizado en forma de mezcla racémica y empleando un ADE quiral. Mediante cálculos teóricos se ha podido comprobar que cada uno de los enantiómeros del ADE es capaz de dirigir hacia la formación de cada uno de los enantiómeros de la zeolita quiral. El último paso consiste en sintetizar por separado los enantiómeros del ADE, lo que nos permitirá obtener las dos zeolitas quirales.
[CAT] Les zeolites son materials cristal·lins microporosos que presenten canals i cavitats de dimensiones moleculars al seu interior. El gran avantatge de estos materials és la seua estabilitat térmica i química, així com la possibilitat de poder variar la topología i dimensiones dels canals i cavitats. El principal objectiu de esta tesi doctoral es l'obtenció de nous materials microporosos (zeolites) i ampliar el rang de composició d'algú ja existent, fent ús de tècniques de síntesi i caracterització d'alta capacitat. Per a l'obtenció d'estos materials microporosos se sintetitzen cuatre famílies d'agents directors d'estructura (ADEs), formades per cationes tetraalquilamoni cuaternaris. En cada familia d'ADEs s'augmenta la grandària i el volum de l'agent per a poder realizar un estudi sobre com afecta esta augment sobre el tipus de zeolita que cristal·litza. Obtinguts i caracteritzats els agents directors d'estructura, es du a terme un disseny factorial d'experiments per a cadascun d'ells tenint en compte cadascuna de les variables que influïxen sobre la síntesi hidrotermal de zeolites i intentant cobrir el major rang possible de composició. El materials d'interés obtinguts en estos experiments es sotmeten a una caracteritzación exhaustiva, per a poder determinar la seua estructura i propietats. Amb els ADEs amb els quals s'ha treballat s'han obtingut materials coneguts entre els quals destaquen les zeolites ITQ-3, ITQ-43 i ITQ-44. Però el més important de la realitzación d'esta tesi ha sigut l'obtenció de dos nous materials, al quals se'ls ha denominat ITQ-57 i ITQ-60. L'estructura de la zeolita ITQ-60 està completament determinada i podem concloure que és un material intercrescut, format per dos capes i que presenta un sistema bidimensional de canals format per anells de 10 i 12 membres. D'altra banda, l'estructura de la zeolita ITQ-57 es trova en les seues últimes etapes de determinació, però ha pogut determinar-se que presenta una cel·la unitat ortoròmbica de grans dimensions. També cal destacar l'obtenció d'un método optimitzat de síntesi de la zeolita quiral SU-32. Esta zeolita s'ha sintetitzat en forma de mescla racèmica i emprant un ADE quiral. Per mitjà de càlculs teòrics s'ha pogut comprobar que cadascun dels enantiómers de la zeolita quiral. L'últim pas consisteix a sintetitzar per separat els enantiómers de l'ADE, la qual cosa ens permtetrà obtindre les dos zeolites quirals.
Diaz Canales, EM. (2015). Síntesis de Nuevos Materiales Microporosos Mediante Técnicas High-Throughput [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/59230
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Arrieta, Aitor. "FB-Environment in Wise-Shop Floor : Algorithm parser and code generation." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-6594.
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IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is the authority that publishes different standards in the fields of electrical and electronics engineering, to be used internationally. In the area of manufacturing, it has demanded a new standard to fulfil better solutions of dynamic requirements. The IEC 61499 redacted by IEC offers interoperability, portability, configurability and distributed control applications for manufacturing processes. However, this standard is not a replacement of IEC 61131-3, one of the most used standards in industry; instead, it is a complement of it. The basic software units of IEC 61499 are named Function Blocks (FBs), which can be described as blocks that encapsulate functionality. By combining FBs together, it is possible to solve complex problems. The objective of this project (in close cooperation with another project) is to develop a software environment in Java language. It follows the requirements of IEC 61499, and implement a Function Block designer and a runtime execution environment, as a part of an existing Wise-ShopFloor framework. The scope of this project covers: FB algorithm editor: Each FB has one or more algorithms, which can be defined in the algorithm editor using IEC 61131-3 or Java. FB serialization: Opening and saving the configuration of FBs in Java Class file is one of the tasks of this project. As soon as the configuration is saved, the Java code of FB can be generated. Java code is generated because compiled Java allows execution of FB. Saving in Java Class file permits portability, i.e. the saved configuration can be opened in any JVM system, and vice versa. Case study: A simulation of an assembly station using an ABB IRB 140 robot is studied and implemented using the runtime simulator of the Java platform, in which some basic FBs have been also created in a library. This project also includes: (1) implementation of user interface and (2) FB serialization in XML. It is anticipated that the developed environment will be able to save and open FBs configurations either in XML or in Java Class, following the specification of IEC 61499. It will allow portability and reusability. Because of the portability, the so-designed FBs can be validated using another FB environment such as FBDK (Function Block Development Kit).
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Azizpour, Batoul. "Târikh-e Iltchi-e Nezâmshâhde Khurshâh ebn-e Qobâd Al-Hoseyni : règnes de Shâh Esmâ'il Ier et Shâh Tahmâsb Ier." Paris, EPHE, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPHE4037.
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Boussin, Isabelle. "Le testament dans la littérature latine au début du Principat (Ier s. Avant J. -C. - Ier s. Après J. -C. )." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040067.
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Cette thèse s'intéresse à la fascination des auteurs latins du début du Principat pour le testament, document juridique par lequel un citoyen organise sa succession. La littérature permet de retracer l'évolution des formes testamentaires et l'élaboration d'un document comprenant une partie privée, secrète, qui excitait la curiosité de l'entourage et de la société, et une partie publique, qui faisait intervenir des témoins. Les textes littéraires font découvrir l'identité des héritiers et légataires, la nature des biens transmis et les autres opérations effectuées dans le document. Cependant le testament est source de problèmes : le testateur, de son vivant, se trouve entouré de captateurs qui déploient un art consommé. Après sa mort, la famille et parfois l'Etat interviennent pour contester les dernières volontés du testateur. Mais le testament joue surtout un rôle social important : il permet au testateur d'exercer un pouvoir sur son entourage à travers ses derniers jugements. En même temps il est soumis à une forte pression de la société, soucieuse de voir respectés des codes non-écritsThis thesis deals with the fascination of the Latin writers in the early Principate for the will, the legal document organizing a citizen's succession. Literature allows us to relate the evolution of the different forms of will and the elaboration of such a document. It incluses a private part, increasing the curiosity of both the family circle and society in general, and a public part which requires witnesses. Literary texts reveal the identity of heirs, legatees and the nature of the legacy, as well as the other sorts of testamentary provisions. However the will was a real source of trouble. While he was alive, the testator was surrounded by crafty legacy-hunters. After his death, his family circle, and sometimes the State itself, interceded to contest the testator’s last wishes. But the will plays an important part socially : the testator has power over the people around him in making his decisions. He is nevertheless under pressure because society is deeply concerned about respecting unwritten rules