Relevant bibliographies by topics / IFAS

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Academic literature on the topic 'IFAS'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "IFAS"

1

Kamau, Mary, Samuel Kimani, and Waithira Mirie. "Counselling and knowledge on iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) among pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: a cross-sectional study." AAS Open Research 1 (March 25, 2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12891.2.

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Background: The increased demand for iron and folic acid during pregnancy is not met through diet due to insufficiency or reduced bioavailability of nutrients among women from low income countries. Thus, iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) is a promising interventional strategy for control of anaemia during pregnancy. Kenya adopted the global IFAS intervention with a target of 80% coverage by 2017, however, the compliance remains low. Increasing awareness, counselling, communication and community education on IFAS have improved compliance among pregnant women. Thus, we aimed to determine: IFAS knowledge, availability, practices, and content of IFAS counselling among pregnant women attending health facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 364 pregnant women aged 15-49 years. A two stage cluster sampling, including one sub-county and five public health facilities were used. A pre-tested structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data, maternal knowledge and counselling on IFAS was used. An observation checklist was used to observe practices and content of antenatal counselling session in each facility. Data was analysed using STATA in which descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. Results: Of 364 respondents, less than half (40.9%) scored high on knowledge on IFAS. Women who were counselled on duration of IFAS intake, side effects, and their mitigation were more likely (p <0.005) to have high IFAS knowledge. Although all the health facilities had varied IFAS posters displayed, none had key IFAS counselling documents. Conclusion: Less than half of the pregnant women had high IFAS knowledge, IFAS documents were scarce in health facilities, IFAS counselling information in different health facilities was limited and varied and content of counselling was associated with levels of knowledge on IFAS. This underscores the need to strengthen focused and targeted IFAS counselling for pregnant women and standardization of counselling messages to improve compliance and pregnancy outcomes.
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Kamau, Mary, Samuel Kimani, and Waithira Mirie. "Counselling and knowledge on iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) among pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: a cross-sectional study." AAS Open Research 1 (May 13, 2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12891.3.

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Background: The increased demand for iron and folic acid during pregnancy is not met through diet due to insufficiency or reduced bioavailability of nutrients among women from low income countries. Thus, iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) is a promising interventional strategy for control of anaemia during pregnancy. Kenya adopted the global IFAS intervention with a target of 80% coverage by 2017, however, the compliance remains low. Increasing awareness, counselling, communication and community education on IFAS have improved compliance among pregnant women. Thus, we aimed to determine: IFAS knowledge, availability, practices, and content of IFAS counselling among pregnant women attending health facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 364 pregnant women aged 15-49 years. A two stage cluster sampling, including one sub-county and five public health facilities were used. A pre-tested, structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data, maternal knowledge and counselling on IFAS was used. An observation checklist was used to observe practices and content of antenatal counselling session in each facility. Data was analysed using STATA in which descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. Results: Of 364 respondents, less than half (40.9%) scored high on knowledge on IFAS. Women who were counselled on duration of IFAS intake, side effects, and their mitigation were more likely (p <0.005) to have high IFAS knowledge. Although all the health facilities had varied IFAS posters displayed, none had key IFAS counselling documents. Conclusion: Less than half of the pregnant women had high IFAS knowledge, IFAS documents were scarce in health facilities, IFAS counselling information in different health facilities was limited and varied, and content of counselling was associated with levels of knowledge on IFAS. This underscores the need to strengthen focused and targeted IFAS counselling for pregnant women and standardization of counselling messages to improve compliance and pregnancy outcomes.
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Kamau, Mary, Samuel Kimani, and Waithira Mirie. "Counselling on iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) is associated with improved knowledge among pregnant women in a rural county of Kenya: a cross-sectional study." AAS Open Research 1 (July 19, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12891.1.

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Background: The demand for iron and folic acid, is greatly increased during pregnancy. The high demand is not met through diet due to insufficiency or reduced bioavailability of nutrients among women from low income countries. Thus, iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) is a promising interventional strategy for control of anaemia during pregnancy. Kenya adopted the global IFAS intervention with a target of 80% coverage by 2017, however, the compliance remains low. Increasing awareness, counselling, communication and community education on IFAS have improved compliance among pregnant women. Thus, we aimed to determine: availability, practices, and content of IFAS counselling on knowledge of antenatal mothers attending health facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 364 pregnant women aged 15-49 years attending antenatal clinic. A two stage cluster sampling, including one sub-county and five public primary health facilities were used. A pre-tested structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data, maternal knowledge and counselling on IFAS was used. An observation checklist was used to observe practices and content of antenatal counselling session in each facility. Data was analysed using STATA in which descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. Results: Of 364 respondents, less than half (40.9%) scored high on knowledge on IFAS. Women who were counselled on duration of IFAS intake, side effects, and their mitigation were more likely (p <0.005) to have high IFAS knowledge. Although all the health facilities had varied IFAS posters displayed, none had key IFAS counselling documents. Conclusion: Content of counselling substantially contributed to high level of knowledge on IFAS among pregnant women. Counselling information on the duration of IFAS supplementation, IFAS side effects, and their management are the predictors of IFAS knowledge among pregnant women. This underscores the need to strengthen focused and targeted IFAS counselling for pregnant women to improve compliance and pregnancy outcomes.
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Niaux, Jocelyne, and Virginie Lasserre. "Créativité et innovations en Ifas." Soins Aides-Soignantes 14, no. 77 (July 2017): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sasoi.2017.05.001.

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Lyoba, Winfrida B., Joyce D. Mwakatoga, Charles Festo, Jackline Mrema, and Ester Elisaria. "Adherence to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Kasulu Communities in North-Western Tanzania." International Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2020 (June 5, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3127245.

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Introduction. Pregnant women are at a high risk of anaemia, with iron-folate deficiency being the most common cause of anaemia among pregnant women. Despite the well-known importance of iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) during pregnancy, adherence to these supplements is relatively low and associated factors were not well identified in the study area. This study is aimed at investigating adherence to IFAS and associated factors among pregnant women in Kasulu district, north-western Tanzania. Methods. A health facility cross-sectional survey with a mixed-method approach was conducted in Kasulu district from March to April 2019. A structured questionnaire was given to 320 women with children aged 0-6 months to assess factors associated with adherence to IFAS among pregnant women. Data were entered into SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was further employed to determine the factors associated with adherence to IFAS. Focus group discussions were done with 19 pregnant women and 15 mothers of children aged 0-6 months to obtain more clarifications on the factors associated with adherence to IFAS. Furthermore, in-depth interviews were done with six health care providers to explore their perceptions of IFAS. Results. Out of the 320 respondents of the survey, 20.3% (n=65) adhered to IFAS. Factors associated with adherence to IFAS among pregnant women included time to start ANC (AOR=3.72, 95% CI: 1.42, 9.79), knowledge of anaemia (AOR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.335, 10.66), counseling on the importance of the iron-folic acid (AOR=3.86, 95% CI: 1.42, 10.50), IFAS given during clinical visit (AOR=15.72, 95% CI: 5.34, 46.31), number of meals consumed (AOR=3.44, 95% CI: 1.28, 9.21), number of children (AOR=3.462, 95% CI: 1.035, 11.58), and distance to health facility (AOR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.131, 0.886). Qualitative findings revealed that delayed first ANC visit, lack of remainder for pregnant women to take IFAS, low awareness about the negative effects of anaemia, low of knowledge of IFAS and management of side effects, negative beliefs about the use of IFAS, and follow-up mechanism were major reasons for poor adherence. Conclusion. Adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation during pregnancy was low. Strengthening systems for creating reminding mechanism, raising community awareness through educational programs to pregnant women and health providers could improve adherence to IFAS.
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Hammer, Nikolaus. "International Framework Agreements: global industrial relations between rights and bargaining." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 11, no. 4 (November 2005): 511–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890501100404.

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This paper examines the emergence and the main features of International Framework Agreements (IFAs). IFAs originated in the 1980s and proliferated after 2000. They aim to secure core labour rights across multinational corporations' global supply chains. Global Union Federations, as well as other global (World Company and Works Councils), regional (European Works Councils or European Industry Federations) and national trade union structures, are parties to IFAs. Based on various features of international trade union activity, such as World Company Councils, codes of conduct, the trade and labour rights campaign or international social dialogue, IFAs constitute an important and innovative tool of international industrial relations. An analysis of the substantive and procedural provisions of IFAs leads to an analytical distinction between ‘rights' agreements and ‘bargaining’ agreements. The article assesses the substantive and procedural aspects of the 38 IFAs concluded before June 2005. Finally, key issues such as the scope of agreements, trade union capacity, and global supply chains are discussed in the context of international labour's campaigning, organising and negotiation activities.
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Zhao, Renzun, Hong Zhao, Rich Dimassimo, and Guoren Xu. "Pilot scale study of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) retrofit with integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS): nitrogen removal and design consideration." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 4, no. 4 (2018): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ew00337d.

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IFAS process was coupled with SBR operation in a pilot-scale reactor to verify the feasibility and to evaluate the performance of IFAS-SBR. Significant nitrification improvement in the IFAS-SBR system was observed, which is attributed to both the introduction of attached-growth biomass on media carriers and the “seeding effect” by biofilm sloughing.
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Ben-Asher, Yosi, Moran Feldman, Sharoni Feldman, and Pini Gurfil. "IFAS: Interactive flexible ad hoc simulator." Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 15, no. 7 (August 2007): 817–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2007.04.004.

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Johnson, Terry, Mark Steichen, Andrew Shaw, James McQuarrie, and Gary Hunter. "When Is IFAS The Right Choice?" Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2006, no. 13 (January 1, 2006): 200–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864706783710659.

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Plaza, Caroline. "L’enseignement de la laïcité en Ifas." L'Aide-Soignante 31, no. 188 (June 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aidsoi.2017.04.005.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "IFAS"

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Chen, Bingquan. "Anammox in IFAS reactor for reject water treatment." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266470.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor achieving partial nitritation/anammox process to treat reject water after dewatering of digested sludge. During the study period, dissolved oxygen setpoint, aeration mode and inflow loading were changed to evaluate their influence on the process performance and efficiency in the reactor. Four different values for dissolved oxygen setpoint were tested: 2.0 mg/L, 1.8 mg/L, 1.5mg/L and 1.3 mg/L. Three different aeration modes in a one-hour cycle were tested: 30 min, 35 min, 40 min. And two different inflow loadings were tested: 2 g N/m2∙d and 1.6 g N/m2∙d. Discussion and evaluation were based on laboratory analyses and online sensors. The highest achieved total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency was 85.6%, at 40 min aeration per hour, 2.0 mg/L dissolved oxygen and with 2 g N/m2∙day inflow NH4-N loading. Specific anammox activity (SAA) tests were also done for the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in biofilm attached to the carriers in the IFAS reactor, and the results showed that the bacteria could achieve a higher nitrogen removal rate than in the pilot-scale IFAS reactor.
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Zdyrska, Aleksandra. "Evaluation of Partial Nitritation/Anammox processes operated in IFAS mode." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223623.

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The main aim of the study was to optimize Partial Nitritation/Anammox process operated in pilot-scale integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) mode supplied with low-temperature mainstream wastewater and efficiency evaluation based on laboratory analysis and data from online sensors. Main tasks of research work were to stabilize the ongoing process and find the optimal conditions for maximizing effects of nitrogen removal. The use of online sensors (dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential, NH4-N, NO3-N and NO2-N) has allowed continuous process monitoring. During research period the influent wastewater flow, recirculated sludge flow, time of aeration, set point of dissolved oxygen and temperature were changed. Flow of influent wastewater varied between 11.2 and 16.8 L/h resulting in HRT varying between 11.9 and 17.9h. Different strategies of aeration were tested: 20, 25 and 30 minutes of aeration in one-hour cycle with DO values of 1.0, 1.3 and 1.5 mg O2/L. The best result of nitrogen removal efficiency for IFAS reactor operated at 15°C was 46.6% (based on online data) at oxygen concentration value of 1.3 mg O2/L, with 20 minutes of aeration and 40 minutes without aeration in 1-hour cycle. After increase of temperature to 17°C higher nitrogen removal efficiency was obtained with maximum value of 48.0% (based on online data).
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Ograbek, Ewa. "Monitoring and controlling of deammonification process in pilot-scale IFAS system." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-173856.

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In recent years, Anammox process has been investigated extensively. Today is successfully used for treatment of supernatant from dewatering of digested sludge having a high concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Currently, studies are carried out for the application of this system for the main waste water stream, which has a low concentration of ammonium nitrogen. The aim of the study was to find the optimal conditions for the activity of Anammox bacteria at low concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, a constant temperature of 25ºC and changing values of biomass in IFAS system. More than that, an assessment of the ongoing process through chemical analysis, physical parameters observation and verification data collected by the online system. Data from the online system have been revised in order to determine the useful and reliable of relevant devices. Each week once/twice analyses of the chemical parameters through laboratory analysis were performed by using Dr. Hach Lange cuvettes. Physical parameters were measured by portable devices to verify the data collected by the online system. All these activities had been made in each, of the four different, periods of the reactor operation. It is difficult to find optimal conditions for the Anammox bacteria that are susceptible to any change inside the reactor. For the evaluation of the process, after changing the parameters inside the reactor, it is necessary to keep time to adapt to new conditions by bacteria.
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Thomas, Wesley Allan. "Evaluation Of Nitrification Kinetics For A 2.0 MGD IFAS Process Demonstration." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31588.

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The James River Treatment Plant (JRTP) operated a 2 MGD Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) demonstration process from November 2007 to April 2009 to explore IFAS performance and investigate IFAS technology as an option for a full scale plant upgrade in response to stricter nutrient discharge limits in the James River Basin. During the study, nitrification kinetics for both ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria and plastic biofilm carrier biomass content were monitored on a near-weekly basis comparing the IFAS media, the IFAS process mixed liquor, and mixed liquor from the full-scale activated sludge process. Carrier biomass content is variable with respect to temperature and process SRT and relates to the localization of nitrification activity in the IFAS basin. Similar to trends observed for carrier biomass content (Regmi, 2008), ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity also shifted from the fixed film to the suspended phase as water temperatures increased and vice versa as the temperature decreased. The data suggest that AOB activity occurs on the surface of the biofilm carriers, while NOB activity remains deeper in the biofilm. During the highest temperatures observed in the IFAS tank, AOB activity on the media contributed as little as 30% of the total nitrification activity in the basin, and after temperatures dropped below 20 °C, AOB activity in the fixed film phase made up 75% of the total activity in the IFAS basin. During the warmest period of the summer, the media still retained more than 60% of the total NOB activity, and more than 90% of the total NOB activity during the period of coldest water temperature. This trend also points out that some AOB and NOB activity remained in the mixed liquor, even during the coldest periods. The retention of nitrification activity in the mixed liquor indicates that the constant sloughing of biomass off of the carriers allowed for autotrophic activity, even during washout conditions. Carrier biomass content and nitrification rates on the IFAS media remained constant along the length of the basin, indicating that the IFAS tank is will mixed with respect to biomass growth, although there was a concentration gradient for soluble species (NH4-N, NO2-N, NO3-N). In addition to the weekly nitrification rate measurements, experiments were also conducted to determine how operational inputs such as dissolved oxygen (DO) and mixing affect the nitrification rates. Mixing intensity had a clear impact on nitrification rates by increasing the velocity gradient in the bulk liquid and decreasing the mass transfer boundary layer mass transfer resistance. At higher mixing intensities, advection through the mass transfer boundary layer increased making substrate more available to the biofilm. The affect of mixing was much more profound at low DO, whereas increased mixing had less effect on nitrification rates at higher bulk liquid DO. DO also affected nitrification rates, such that as DO increased it penetrated deeper into the biofilm increasing the nitrification rate in a linear fashion until the biofilm became saturated. Another aspect of the research was modeling effective half saturation effects for AOB and NOB activity in the fixed film phase. The modeling work demonstrated that KS for AOB activity on the media was similar to accepted suspended growth KS values, while KS for NOB activity on the media was considerably higher than suspended growth KS. This trend indicates that nitrite was not as bioavailable in the biofilm and resists diffusion into the deeper part of the biofilm where NOB activity takes place. KO for both AOB and NOB activity in the biofilm was higher than typical suspended growth values because of boundary layer and biofilm diffusion resistances. In addition, the presence of readily degradable organics did not significantly affect nitrification rates on the media, but did reduce nitrification rates in the mixed liquor. That, combined with low chemical oxygen demand (COD) uptake rates indicates that little heterotrophic activity is occurring on the media.
Master of Science
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Sriwiriyarat, Tongchai. "Computer Program Development for the Design of IFAS Wastewater Treatment Processes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32065.

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The Integrated Film Activated Sludge Process (IFAS) was developed to reduce the cost of additional facilities required to complete year round nitrification in the design of new or retrofit wastewater treatment plants. The purpose of this project was to develop a computer-based mechanistic model, called IFAS, which can be used as a tool by scientists and engineers to optimize their designs and to troubleshoot a full-scale treatment plant. The program also can be employed to assist researchers conducting their studies of IFAS wastewater treatment processes. IFAS enables the steady-state simulation of nitrification-denitrification processes as well as carbonaceous removal in systems utilizing integrated media, but this current version supports only sponge type media. The IFAS program was developed by incorporating empirical equations for integrated biofilm carbonaceous uptake and nitrification developed by Sen and Randall (1995) into the general activated sludge model, developed by the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ, previously known as IAWRC), plus the biological phosphorus removal model of Wentzel et al (1989). The calibration and evaluation of the IFAS model was performed using existing data from both an IFAS system and a conventional activated sludge bench-scale plant operated over a wide range of Aerobic Mean Cell Residence Times (Aerobic MCRT's). The model developed provides a good fit and a reasonable prediction of the experimental data for both the IFAS and the conventional pilot-scale systems. The phosphorus removal component of the model has not yet been calibrated because of insufficient data and the lack of adequately defined parameters.
Master of Science
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Khayi, Noureddine. "Deammonification efficiency in combined UASB and IFAS system for mainstream WWT." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik (flyttat 20130630), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210809.

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The study is about Nitrogen removal from the low concentrated mainstream wastewater after Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor process (UASB) by single-stage Partial Nitritation/Anammox process in a pilot scale reactor at Hammarby Sjöstad in Stockholm. A mixture of various concentrations of dissolved oxygen and different aeration methods have been tested in the pilot scale reactor in five months divided into five periods where the temperature was set at 15° C throughout the study. The best result was in period 4, the average nitrogen removal efficiency was 52% varying between 40 and 60 % with aeration method of the ratio R = 1/3 (R = 20 minutes with aeration to 40 minutes without aeration) and a dissolved oxygen concentration of 1.3 mg/L. Partial nitritation/Anammox is considered more environmentally friendly due to reduced energy requirements for aeration, no need for an external carbon source. The process also allows for a more cost-effective nitrogen removal from wastewater.
Vatten är nödvändigt för existensen av allt liv på jorden och spelar en avgörande roll i alla mänskliga aktiviteter. Antropogena aktiviteter förorenar denna viktiga resurs och medför stor risk för människors och djurs hälsa samt växter. Kvävebelastning från jordbruket och avloppsvatten i mark- eller vattenmiljön har resulterat till övergödning, vilket är ett miljö- och ekonomiskt problem på grund av en obalans mellan ekosystemtillförseln och den naturliga näringsförbrukningen. I denna studie behandlades avloppsvatten i en pilotskala reaktor med en integrerad fastfilm aktiverat slam (IFAS) som drivs med ett enstegs partial nitritation/Anammox-process. Kväverening från den lågkoncentrerade huvudström avloppsvatten efter Uppflöde Anaerob Slam Blankett reaktor process (UASB) undersöktes. En blandning av olika koncentrationer av upplöst syre och olika luftningsmetoder har testats i pilotskala reaktorn i fem månader uppdelad i fem perioder där temperaturen sattes vid 15° C under hela studien. De bästa resultaten i kväve reningseffektivitet var 52 % i genomsnitt i period 4 varierande mellan 40 och 60 %, luftningsmetod med ett förhållande av R = 1/3 (R = 20 minuter med luftning till 40 minuter utan luftning) och ett upplöst syre Koncentration av 1,3 mg/l. Jämförelsen tog hänsyn till alla former av utsläpp av kväve- och energikostnader för luftning. Under de senaste decennierna har vattenbehandlingsprocesserna haft många positiva utvecklingar, vilket har lett till en kvalitetsförbättring av vatten samtidigt som kostnaden för kväveavlägsnande från avloppsvatten har minskat. För närvarande flyttar kvävereningsteknik från konventionell nitrifikations/denitrifikationsprocessen till partiell nitritation/Anammox (PN/A) -processen kallad deammonification. Det verkar som om den största svårigheten är att upprätthålla en stabil ackumulation av nitrit medan man försöker delvis med nitritation av ammonium. Partiell nitritation/Anammox (PN/A) anses vara mer kostnadseffektivt avlägsnande av kväve från avloppsvatten, mer miljövänligt än konventionella nitrifikations-denitrifikationsprocesser på grund av minskat energibehov för luftning och inget behov av en yttre källa av kol.
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Fujii, Fábio Yugo. "Análise comparativa entre o processo de lodo ativado e o reator de biofilme de leite móvel na remoção de nitrogênio de esgoto sanitário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-12122011-134438/.

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O processo de tratamento de esgoto por lodo ativado pode ser adaptado para o recebimento de maior carga orgânica ou para a remoção de nitrogênio por meio da introdução de suportes plásticos móveis, em um processo conhecido por IFAS Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge. O objetivo do projeto é avaliar comparativamente os desempenhos dos sistemas de lodo ativado e IFAS na remoção de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio de esgoto doméstico, associados à variação da idade do lodo com referência na biomassa suspensa. O efeito da adição de suportes plásticos móveis em sistemas existentes de lodo ativado é avaliado como forma de subsidiar análises de viabilidade de emprego dessa solução para a ampliação e adaptação de estações de tratamento de esgotos domésticos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em escala piloto, mantendo dois sistemas em funcionamento em paralelo, um representando um sistema de lodo ativado com remoção de nitrogênio e outro idêntico, exceto para a introdução dos suportes plásticos móveis. Desta forma, foi possível atribuir a diferença nos resultados à presença de biomassa aderida. Foram utilizados elementos suporte com área superficial específica de 300 m²/m³ e fração de enchimento de 50%. Ambos os sistemas foram mantidos em operação estável e eficiente, considerando a remoção de matéria orgânica. No entanto, o sistema IFAS teve melhor desempenho na remoção de nitrogênio em todas as fases experimentais, confirmando as vantagens antecipadas. Os resultados foram verificados em termos de taxas de aplicação previstas para cada porção de biomassa, de acordo com as idades do lodo estudadas.
The activated sludge wastewater treatment process can be retrofitted to either receive larger organic loads or for nitrogen removal by introducing plastic media carriers, in a process known as IFAS Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge. The project aims to comparatively assess the performances of activated sludge and IFAS systems in removing organic matter and nitrogen from domestic sewage, associated to the variation of the sludge age with reference to the suspended biomass. The effect of adding plastic media carriers on existing activated sludge systems is evaluated as a subsidy for prefeasibility analysis of using this solution for the upgrading and retrofitting of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The study was developed on a pilot scale, operating two systems in parallel, representing an activated sludge system with nitrogen removal and another identical system except for the introduction of plastic media carriers. Thus, it was possible to assign the difference in results to the presence of attached biomass. Carriers were used with 300 m²/m³ specific surface area and 50% filling fraction. Both systems were kept under stable and efficient operation considering the removal of organic matter. However, the IFAS system had better performance at removing nitrogen in all experimental phases, confirming the anticipated advantages. The results were verified in terms of application rates expected for each portion of biomass in accordance with the sludge ages studied.
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Tjandra, Nathalia Christiani. "On the road to brand leadership : co-creating with Independent Financial Advisers (IFAs)." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2013. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/6798.

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With total assets of £3,010 billion (ONS, 2012), the long-term savings and investment industry is one of the most important economic pillars in the UK. The uniqueness of this industry is that the majority of its sales to individual customers are generated through Independent Financial Advisers (IFAs) (Datamonitor, 2012; Mintel, 2012). Despite their importance, academic studies which investigate how to develop brand leadership in the IFA market are scarce. Most of the financial services branding studies to date have been established in the context of banking in the end customers market. In addition, the implementation of the Retail Distribution Review (RDR) on 1 St January 2013 will increase the complexity of the industry. The aim of this study is to investigate whether and how the co-creation of brand values with IFAs could be adopted in order to achieve brand leadership in the UK long-term savings and investments industry. To achieve this aim, this study critically examines the triadic relationship between IFAs, a provider, and customers and investigates the meaning of a successful long-term savings and investments brand to the IFAs. Therefore, this study is built upon the concepts of triadic relationship, brand equity, and co-creation. This study is conducted in collaboration with a UK based long-term savings and investments provider. A case study research method using multiple sources of evidence is adopted. Following the retroductive research approach, this study is divided into two main stages, exploratory and explanatory. The analysis of the research findings lead to the development of three interrelated frameworks: the effects and the results of interconnectedness in the triadic relationship between providers, IFAs, and end customers, the IFAs' brand equity pyramid, and the spiral model of brand values co-creation. Finally, it is concluded that the co-creation of brand value with IFAs could be the solution for the collaborative company to develop brand leadership in the longterm savings and investments industry.
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Liermann, Matthias [Verfasser]. "Self-energizing electro-hydraulic brake / Matthias Liermann. [IFAS, Institut für fluidtechnische Antriebe und Steuerungen]." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1000669483/34.

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Los, Karolina. "Evaluation of the IFAS system with Deammonification Process for Nitrogen Removal from Municipal Wastewater." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233881.

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Books on the topic "IFAS"

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Ifas eto fyth! Talybon (Ceredigion): Y Lolfa, 1987.

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IFAS: International Fine Arts Symposium, October 20-22, 2011 = Uluslararası Güzel Sanatlar Sempozyumu, 20-22 Ekim 2011, Konya. Konya: Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2012.

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Thailand) Joint APEC-BOI-IFAS Workshop on Improving Investment Promotion Performance in Accessibility to Investors and Information Provision (2009 Bangkok. Joint APEC-BOI-IFAS Workshop on Improving Investment Promotion Performance in Accessibility to Investors and Information Provision: [proceedings] : 3-5 June 2009, Bangkok, Thailand. Singapore: Committee on Trade and Investment, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, 2009.

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Williams, Cen. Rhys Ifans. Caerdydd: Cyhoeddiadau Relay, 2000.

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Montagna, Guido, Oreste Nicrosini, and Valerio Vercesi, eds. IFAE 2006. Milano: Springer Milan, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0530-3.

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Theile, Carsten. Übungsbuch IFRS. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6833-3.

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Theile, Carsten, Michael Becker, Nina Glaesmann, Kai Udo Pawelzik, Daniel von Pigage, and Willi Pretzer. Übungsbuch IFRS. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9319-9.

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Theile, Carsten. Übungsbuch IFRS. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-02258-7.

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Christian, Dieter, and Norbert Lüdenbach, eds. IFRS Essentials. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119207917.

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Theile, Carsten. Übungsbuch IFRS. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8822-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "IFAS"

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Schneider, Jochen. "Das Integrierte Finanzanalysesystem IFAS." In Finanzanalysen in der Investitions- und Finanzierungsberatung, 89–134. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01605-3_4.

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Ortiz-Jaramillo, B., L. Platisa, and W. Philips. "iFAS: Image Fidelity Assessment." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 83–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56010-6_7.

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Ødegaard, H. "New Applications for MBBR and IFAS Systems." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 499–507. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_78.

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Cinà, P., G. Bacci, G. Gallo, M. Capodici, A. Cosenza, D. Di Trapani, R. Fani, G. Mannina, and A. M. Puglia. "Bacterial Community Structure of an IFAS-MBRs Wastewater Treatment Plant." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 550–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_86.

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Mannina, G., M. Capodici, A. Cosenza, D. Di Trapani, G. A. Ekama, and H. Ødegaard. "UCT-MBR vs IFAS-UCT-MBR for Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Comparison Including N2O Emission." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 567–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_89.

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Chow, M. F. "An Overview of the Integrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS) Studies in Insufficiently Gauged Catchments: Approaches, Challenges, and Prospects." In Integrated Research on Disaster Risks, 71–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55563-4_5.

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Sezen-Barrie, Asli, and Rachel Mulvaney. "An Interactional Ethnography Perspective to Analyze Informal Formative Assessments (IFAs) to Build Epistemic and Conceptual Coherence in Science Learning." In Theory and Methods for Sociocultural Research in Science and Engineering Education, 125–54. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351139922-6.

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Baumunk, Henrik. "IFRS-Rechnungslegung." In Immobilienwirtschaftslehre - Management, 365–91. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18193-2_14.

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Henkel, Knut. "IAS/IFRS." In Rechnungslegung von Treasury-Instrumenten nach IAS/IFRS und HGB, 100–246. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8806-5_3.

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Zielke, Carsten. "Grundzüge des IFRS: Phase II (IFRS 17)." In IFRS für Versicherer, 27–52. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20734-2_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "IFAS"

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Hafiz, I., L. M. Sidek, H. Basri, K. Fukami, M. N. Hanapi, L. Livia, and A. S. Jaafar. "Integrated flood analysis system (IFAS) for Kelantan river basin." In 2014 IEEE 2nd International Symposium on Telecommunication Technologies (ISTT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istt.2014.7238196.

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Hu, Liuchao, Yue Wen, and Qi Zhou. "Responses of Nitrifiers’ characteristics to Filling Ratio in IFAS Systems." In International Conference on Chemical,Material and Food Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cmfe-15.2015.11.

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Sugiura, Tomonobu, Kazuhiko Fukami, and Hironori Inomata. "Development of Integrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS) and Its Applications." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)279.

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Moursy, Aly, Mai Fayd, Medhat Moustafa, and Walid Elbarqi. "IFAS Wastewater Treatment Plants Performance Evaluation Using a Dynamic Model Approach." In Seventh International Conference on Advances in Bio-Informatics, Bio-Technology and Environmental Engineering - ABBE 2018. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-161-0-28.

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Yusop, N. I., A. Ta'a, and Z. M. Marzuki. "Assessment of Integrated Financial and Accounting System (IFAS) maintenance: Reuse of functionalities." In 2006 International Conference on Computing & Informatics. ICOCI 2006. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoci.2006.5276504.

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Widiastuti, Tika, Aam S. Rusydiana, and Irman Firmansyah. "Development Strategy For Islamic Microfinance Institution In Indonesia: Ifas-Efas Matrix Approach." In 1st International Conference on Islamic Ecnomics, Business and Philanthropy. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007088407070711.

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Elawwad, Abdelsalam, Omar Abdelkarim, and Minerva Edward. "Performance of Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) under Variable Organic Load." In The 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/iceptp21.lx.108.

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Deeken, Michael. "Simulation of the Tribological Contacts in an Axial Piston Machine." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59968.

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A research project at the Institute for Fluid Power Drives and Controls (IFAS) sponsored a simulation tool, which was developed to analyze the tribological contacts in an axial piston machine. This paper describes the comparison between simulation and measurement results. The research project defined several objectives. These included extending the program for the tribological contacts, such as slipper/swash plate and cylinder block/valve plate pairings. Furthermore, the results of the simulations were to be verified by means of measurements conducted on the test rig and these were to be performed on a standard unit, if possible. The values to compare simulation and measurement must first be defined in order to meet these objectives.
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Milanese, María Magdalena. "The Dense Plasma Focus Group of IFAS at Argentina: A brief history and recent direction of the investigations." In PLASMA AND FUSION SCIENCE: 16th IAEA Technical Meeting on Research using Small Fusion Devices; XI Latin American Workshop on Plasma Physics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2405895.

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Stammen, C. "Fluid Effects in Small Gaps: A Challenge for Sensor Application." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82335.

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This paper is motivated by the difficulty of pressure distribution measurement in the small gap between valve spool and housing or sleeve. The research project “Design of Balancing Grooves for Hydraulic Valves using Analysis of Flow and Pressure Distribution” at IFAS aims at providing a design tool for balancing grooves. It is based on the idea that the application of modern simulation techniques together with experimental results enhances knowledge about necessity and design of balancing grooves. Main influence on the pressure distribution is the gap height profile. Although valve spool and sleeve can be examined separately, it cannot be concluded to the geometrical information about the gap between these parts as accurate as needed to verify the simulation model. The paper describes the development of miniature pressure sensors made of manganin wire. Measurements showing the current results are presented. As an outlook, the integration of gap height measurement into the pressure sensors is proposed.
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Reports on the topic "IFAS"

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Phillippe, Aaron M., Larry J. Ott, Kevin T. Clarno, and James E. Banfield. Analysis of the IFA-432, IFA-597, and IFA-597 MOX Fuel Performance Experiments by FRAPCON-3.4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1048727.

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Kurtoglu, Tolga, Matthew Campbell, Joseph Rasche, Jami Shah, and Yorgos Stilyanos. Instant Foundry Adaptive through Bits (iFAB). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada565067.

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Dilnot, Andrew, Helen Simpson, and Carl Emmerson. IFS Green Budget 2002. Institute for Fiscal Studies, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2002.0087.

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Johnson, Paul, Helen Miller, and Carl Emmerson. IFS Green Budget 2014. Institute for Fiscal Studies, February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2014.0091.

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Johnson, Paul, Carl Emmerson, and Robert Joyce. IFS Green Budget 2015. Institute for Fiscal Studies, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2014.0106.

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Johnson, Paul, Robert Joyce, and Carl Emmerson. IFS Green Budget 2016. Institute for Fiscal Studies, February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2016.0112.

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Emmerson, Carl, Robert Joyce, and Paul Johnson. IFS Green Budget 2017. The IFS, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2017.0124.

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Zaranko, Ben, Tom Waters, Isabel Stockton, Christian Schulz, Benjamin Nabarro, David Miles, Alex Davenport, et al. IFS Green Budget 2020. The IFS, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2020.0180.

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Johnson, Paul, Christine Farquharson, and Carl Emmerson. IFS Green Budget 2019. The IFS, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2019.0163.

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Chote, Robert, Helen Simpson, and Carl Emmerson. The IFS Green Budget 2003. IFS, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2003.0092.

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