Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'IFRS 16'
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Ennen, Sebastian, and Milan Bacetic. "IFRS 16 i Hotellbranschen." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-19944.
Full textDen internationella redovisningsstandardstyrelsens (IASB) tidigare redovisningsstandard IAS 17, ersattes av IFRS 16 den första januari 2019. Den främsta anledningen till att IFRS 16 skapades var att IASB ville att alla bolags leasingavtal skulle finnas med på balansräkningarna. Detta innebär att operationella leasingkontrakt kommer att behandlas på samma vis som finansiella leasingkontrakt. Tidigare forskning har indikerat att IFRS 16 kommer att ha stor påverkan på framförallt hotellbranschen. Forskningen har däremot inte gått djupare än så eftersom IFRS 16 är en relativt ny redovisningsstandard. Vår studie avser därför att undersöka detta ämne på en djupare nivå och fylla forskningsgapet. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka och förstå huruvida redovisningsprocessen och de finansiella rapporterna påverkas av den nya redovisningsstandarden, IFRS 16 Leasingavtal, i hotellbranschen. Studien har använt sig av den institutionella teorin, mer specifikt tvingande isomorfism och legitimitetsteori för att analysera empiriska data. Studien antar en kvalitativ forskningsansats och empiriska data har samlats in via semi-strukturerade intervjuer från tre börsnoterade hotellbolag. Därtill har dokument från praktiserande revisorer, redovisningsorganisationer och interna dokument från respondenterna använts i studien. Vår studies resultat visar att IFRS 16 bidrar till att redovisningssystem, insamling av operationella leasingkontrakt, kostnader, nyckeltal, budgeteringsprocess och transparensen påverkas. Vår studie har även bidragit till att fylla det forskningsgap som uppmärksammades i problematiseringen ovan, genom att komma fram till nya insikter om IFRS 16 påverkan på redovisningssystem och finansiella rapporter i hotellbranschen.
Jonsson, Linnéa, and Clara Svensson. "En Ex-Ante Analys av IFRS 16." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17029.
Full textBackground: The new standard for lease accounting, IFRS 16, was introduced January 1st, 2019. Until this date, companies that comply with IFRS have had the choice to report leasing agreements as financial or operating leases. Before IFRS 16, the majority of lease agreements have been reported as operating leases, not least in the industrial sector where machines and properties are frequently used. In accordance with IFRS 16, all leasing agreements will instead be reported as a right-of-use asset in the balance sheet. The objective of IFRS 16 is that the accounting of leases should accurately reflect the company's actual financial position and give a true and fair view of the business. However, there are critics of the new standard, who consider it an “unnecessary evil”. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether IFRS 16 will fulfill its objectives and reduce information asymmetry between companies and investors, or if it is only an "unnecessary evil". Methods: In order to generalize the effects of IFRS 16 in the industrial sector, this paper was conducted with a quantitative approach. To fulfill the purpose of the paper, we used a capitalization method for operating leases, to examine how the financial statements and ratios of 30 listed companies may be affected by IFRS 16. A regression analysis was conducted to test the correlation between operating lease accounting and a company's market value in order to observe how IFRS 16 may affect investors' business valuation. Conclusion: In conclusion, the financial ratios most effected by IFRS 16, are the balance ratios, regardless of the size of the companies. Performance ratios and liquidity ratios are only significantly affected for medium-sized and large listed industrial companies. The study also shows that IFRS 16 will not reduce information asymmetry between companies and investors, as the information on operating leases is already disclosed in the notes. However, IFRS 16 will fulfill its function for less sophisticated investors and reduce the costs of adjusting the financial statements for investors. We can therefore conclude that IFRS 16 is not an "unnecessary evil".
Nyberg, Louise, and Linnéa Karlsson. "IFRS vs K3 : En komparativ studie av IFRS och K3 gällande redovisning avleasing." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23852.
Full textDen 1 januari 2019 infördes en ny leasingstandard, IFRS 16, som innebär att alla leasingavtal ska redovisas i ett företags rapport över finansiell ställning. Standarden har tagits fram då den tidigare standarden möjliggjorde för företag att hålla leasingavtal av stora värden utanför rapporten över finansiell ställning och på så sätt framföra en förskönad bild av ett företags finansiella ställning. Införandet av IFRS 16 eliminerade möjligheten att kostnadsföra en leasad tillgång. Utgångsläget i IFRS 16 är att den part som har nyttjanderätten över tillgången har skyldighet att redovisa tillgången i rapporten över finansiell ställning. En leasad tillgång ska enligt standarden kapitaliseras på rapporten över finansiell ställning som en nyttjanderätt och en leasingskuld. Större svenska onoterade företag kan välja att tillämpa IFRS som redovisningsmetod vid upprättandet av sin koncernredovisning men de har också valet att tillämpa K3, som är ett regelverk för större svenska företag. I K3 kan ett leasingavtal redovisas på två olika sätt beroende på leasingavtalets ekonomiska innebörd, antingen som ett operationellt avtal eller som ett finansiellt avtal. Ett finansiellt leasingavtal enligt K3 kapitaliserar tillgången på resultat- och balansräkningen medan vid ett operationellt leasingavtal kostnadsförs den leasade tillgången. Dessa olika sätt att redovisa ett leasingavtal bidrar till att ett företags rapporter över finansiell ställning kommer se olika ut och således också deras nyckeltal som är en väsentlig del för både ett företag och dess intressenter. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka skillnader det innebär för ett företags redovisning beroende på vilken leasingstandard de väljer att tillämpa och hur dessa skillnader påverkar en företagsledare vid val av regelverk. Vidare kommer vi studera effekterna redovisningen har på ett företags finansiella rapporter och dess nyckeltal och om dessa effekter har en påverkan på företagets intressenter. För att illustrera vilken effekt standarderna har på redovisningen, består studiens empiriska del av typfall. Resultaten av typfallen har analyserats utifrån IASBs och bokföringsnämndens kvalitativa egenskaper, utvalda nyckeltal samt ekonomiska teorier. Studiens resultat visar att den största skillnaden mellan regelverken K3 och IFRS är vid redovisning av ett operationellt leasingavtal. Vid redovisning av ett operationellt leasingavtal enligt K3 visar mer gynnsamma nyckeltal jämfört med redovisning enligt IFRS. Vidare visar resultaten att redovisning enligt K3 innebär en osäkerhet kring om det uppvisar en rättvisande bild av ett företags finansiella ställning. För ett företag med en övervägande del operationell leasing blir vår slutsats att ett företags finansiella rapporter gynnas av regelverket K3. Däremot anser vi att K3 inte uppfyller egenskaperna rättvisande bild samt jämförbarhet och utifrån avsaknaden av dessa egenskaper anser vi att regelverket IFRS är lämpligast. Vid ett leasingavtal som klassificeras som ett finansiellt leasingavtal enligt K3 är det liten skillnad redovisningsmässigt jämfört med IFRS. Studiens resultat visar vidare att ett leasingavtal som klassificeras som ett operationellt leasingavtal enligt K3 och löper under tolv månader, redovisas enligt samma metoder som IFRS. För ett företag med finansiella leasingavtal eller leasingavtal som är kortare än tolv månader har val av regelverk liten påverkan på redovisningen och därmed blir vår slutsats att IFRS bör tillämpas då det ger en större trovärdighet till ett företag då det är en internationellt accepterad standard.
Carlsson, Emma, and Hanna Rosén. "IFRS 16 i flygbranschen : en kvantitativ studie om hur implementeringen av IFRS 16 har påverkat kapitalstruktur och nyckeltal i europeiska flygbolag." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-22125.
Full textLeasing is today one of the largest sources of financing and especially for industries with high capital intensity. The reporting of leases has long been regulated by the IAS 17 standard, which excludes operating leases from the balance sheet. According to the new leasing standard IFRS 16, all leasing agreements must be reported on the balance sheet from 1 January 2019. When leasing agreements must be capitalized, IFRS 16 is expected to have significant effects on the accounts, especially for capital-intensive industries such as the aviation industry. The purpose of the study has been to examine how capital structure and key ratios have been affected since the implementation of the new leasing standard IFRS 16. To achieve the purpose of the study, a quantitative method has been used where financial reports from 19 European airlines have been collected. Based on the financial reports, the key ratios debt-to-equity ratio, EBIT, EBITDA and ROA have been calculated, which has then formed the basis for a statistical analysis. To answer the purpose, four hypotheses have been formulated that have been tested through Wilcoxon signed rank test and t-test. The study provides a two-part picture of how IFRS 16 is considered to have affected capital structure and key ratios. Results that are in line with the study's hypotheses are the debt-to-equity ratio, which increases and ROA, which decreases between the financial years 2018 and 2020. However, it is not possible to demonstrate the same results in the tests between the 2018 and 2019 financial years. The results for EBIT and EBITDA contradict the study’s hypotheses by showing significant reductions between the financial years 2018 and 2020. Similar results can be indicated for EBIT and EBITDA between the financial years 2018 and 2019.
Bergholm, Albin, and Fatijon Islami. "Kapitalisering av operationell leasing – en konsekvens av IFRS 16." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12629.
Full textThe International Accounting Standard for leases, IAS 17 Leases, has been criticized to enablecompanies to report off-balance sheet by reporting leases as operating leases. There has longbeen discussion about the accounting of operational leases and if they represent a fair view.These contracts cause companies to withhold assets and liabilities from the balance sheet. Fromthis issue, the IASB has created a new accounting standard, IFRS 16, which will replace the oldaccounting standard.Key features of the new standard IFRS 16 has significant changes for the lessee rather than thelessor, where regulation is more reminiscent of the previous regulatory framework. The lesseewill need to report a right of use asset and a lease liability and the current breakdown of financialand operational leasing will therefore be dissolved. In this way, the company’s strategicdecisions changes in financing the business. The lessor will not be affected by this change, hewill still need to classify leases as capital or operating in accordance with the classificationcriteria corresponding to those of IAS 17.The purpose of this study is to investigate, with constructed scenarios, how the new accountingstandard, IFRS 16 Leases, will affect corporate balance sheets together with income statementsand, in the long run, how this affects relevant financial ratios. This is examined by our tworesearch questions which seek to find the effect of the capitalization of the operating leases forcorporate balance sheet and income statement when applying IFRS 16 as well as the impact oncompany’s financial ratios.Through our scenarios we have been able to draw conclusions that answers the study’s purposeand research questions. In our study, we have shown that key ratios, such as equity and leveragewill be significantly influenced by the capitalization that IFRS 16 implies. This is based on thelease liability that companies need to report when applying IFRS 16. The examined financialratios, profit margin, return on equity and return on assets have shown in our study to be initiallylower when applying IFRS 16. However, we have drawn other conclusions about what happensover the lease period with the ratios. The key ratios will ultimately show higher returns thanIAS 17 had shown during the same period. This conclusion is based on the reallocation ofearnings impact, as depreciation, interest and amortization is made instead of expensing thelease fee.We have concluded that corporate accounting of what was previously operational leasingbecomes more complicated when IFRS 16 is applied. Transitional options to the new standardhas also opened opportunities for companies to provide a customized picture of the financialstatements to stakeholders. Based on our study, we have also drawn the conclusion that thetransition to the new standard in the long run will benefit the company’s stakeholders. In thecurrent situation, stakeholders already adjust for operational leases when calculating corporatecredit risk. The new standard means that stakeholders do not need to make these adjustmentsas the company reports a more fair picture of the financial statements.This study is hereinafter written in Swedish.
Abushiere, Tarik, and Idris Jound. "IFRS 16 påverkan på företagens finansiella rapporter : En kvantitativ studie om IFRS 16 påverkan på nordiska börsnoterade företag inom detaljhandeln, tjänstesektorn och byggbranschen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41866.
Full textBakgrund och problemdiskussion: I den tidigare standarden IAS 17 hade företagen möjligheten att redovisa sina leasingavtal som operationella- eller finansiella leasingavtal. Företagens möjlighet till att redovisa leasingavtalen som operationella ledde till att företagens finansiella rapporter inte synliggjorde leasingåtaganden. Efter en granskning utförd av IASB och FASB visade det sig att nyckeltalen gav en missvisande bild gällande företagens finansiella ställning vid tillämpning av operationell leasing. Till följd av detta implementerades IFRS 16 den 1 januari 2019, som förtydligar att samtliga leasingavtal skall redovisas som finansiella med undantag för leasingavtal med löptid under 12 månader och tillgångar av mindre värde än 5 000 amerikanska dollar. Företagen behöver numera redovisa sina leasingavtal i balansräkningen, vilket skapar ökad jämförbarhet och eliminerar tidigare brister vid bedömning av företagens finansiella ställning. IFRS 16 förväntas påverka företagens nyckeltal, kassaflödesanalys samt resultat- och balansräkning. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att bidra med en förståelse för hur IFRS 16 påverkat företagens nyckeltal på Nasdaq OMX Nordic. Studien ämnar även till att undersöka ifall branscherna påverkats olika. Metod: Studien har utgått från en kvantitativ forskningsmetod, där datainsamlingen baseras på delårsrapporter från 2019, kvartal 1. Beräkning av nyckeltal har genomförts utifrån en totalundersökning som avser en population på 103 nordiska börsnoterade företag inom detaljhandeln, tjänstesektorn och byggbranschen. Därefter undersöktes övergångseffekterna av IFRS 16 på nyckeltalen mellan detaljhandeln, tjänstesektorn och byggbranschen. Resultat: IFRS 16 har haft en betydande påverkan på nyckeltalen i samtliga branscher. Detta till följd av att företagen i studiens utvalda branscher främst finansieras genom leasing. Studiens resultat visade att koncernföretag inom detaljhandeln påverkats mest av IFRS 16. Därefter kommer tjänstesektorn och sedan byggbranschen med minst påverkan på nyckeltalen.
Bergman, Axel, and Robin Nilsson. "Operationell leasing och effekten av IFRS 16 : En studie som undersöker effekten av IFRS 16 på svenska företag med hjälp av en internationell jämförelse." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-31976.
Full textDahir, Ali Elmi Adna, and Gorgees Yalda. "Övergången till IFRS 16 : En studie av detaljhandelsföretag och flygbolag." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21629.
Full textThe lease accounting standard IAS 17, has been criticized for enabling companies to take advantage of the benefits of operational leasing, since both leased assets and their corresponding liabilities have been kept off-balance sheet with information on future lease obligation presented only in notes. In 2005, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) raised some concerns due to the lack of transparency and information on lease obligations, something that already worried investors and other stakeholders. In response to the criticism, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), together with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), launched a project hoping to improve the accounting of leases. With the new IFRS 16 standard, all operating leases will be capitalized and reported on the balance sheet. Hence, a model similar to the accounting for financial leasing agreements eliminating the division of lease agreements into operational and financial leases. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences between IAS 17 and IFRS 16, examine what impact IFRS 16 will have on the companies' financial reports and key ratios. Furthermore, the study aims to explain how the effects on key ratios relate to comparative periods in particular when applying the modified retrospective approach. In this study, a qualitative approach in combination with an inductive approach has been applied. The study has been carried out on a fictitious company and eight annual reports from eight different companies within the retail and airline industry. With regard to the actual companies, the data material extracted from the annual reports has been processed using the constructive capitalization model designed by Imhoff, Lipe and Wright (1991, 1997) and modified by Fülbier, Silva and Pferdehirt (2008).Based on the study's results, it becomes clear that IFRS 16 is about transparency and disclosure of information. IFRS 16’s impact on the income statement and balance sheet results in key ratios such as equity ratio, debt/equity ratio, return on equity and total capital and average debt interest rate to change. Users of financial reports use these key ratios to identify problem areas and opportunities within a company. This study finds that the capitalization of operating leases provides users of financial reports with more accurate information. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how and why some key ratios will be affected by IFRS 16 in relation to comparative periods. The study also helps in understanding the relevance of IFRS 16 and how this standard contributes to the information value in accounting.
Kulukaeva, Alfiya, and Georges Bchara. "IFRS 16:s påverkan på finansiella nyckeltal : företagets finansiella rapporter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447872.
Full textOn the first of January 2019, a new accounting standards IFRS 16 was introduced to replace the former standard IAS 17 which prescribes the accounting policies that are applied to leasing. The new standard is expected to conduce a more transparent image of the company's financial status. The purpose of this study is to identify what effect the new standard IFRS 16 has on the financial ratio which is based on the actual numbers of the Nordic publicly listed companies over the course of three years. The selection of the study includes 340 Nordic publicly listed companies in Nasdaq in four different industries: finance, retail business, logistics and telecom. The ratios that were examined during this study are solidity, debt-to-equity ratio, EBIT, EBITDA, ROE and ROA. To study the correlation between the insertion of IFRS 16 and the alteration in the ratio, t-test was carried out with comparisons between four industries and five Nordic countries. The study finds static correlation between the insertion of IFRS 16 and the alteration in the ratio in three out of four industries over the course of 2018 to 2019. An additional effect on three out of six ratios was found in two out of four industries during the period from 2018 and 2020. As a result of this study a static correlation between the IFRS 16 and the alteration of ratio in four out of six countries in four out of five countries over the first period of time. Over the second period of time three out of five countries has confirmed a static correlation for three out of six ratios.
Hansson, Brusewitz Matilda, and Elin Pettersson. "The value relevance of IFRS 16 on the Swedish market." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418084.
Full textIvarsson, Sanna, and Annie Johansson. "Hur anpassar sig företag till en redovisningsstandard? : Fallet IFRS 16." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85756.
Full textBackground: Previous studies on adaptation to an accounting standard have to a large extent only discussed Early Adoption, but there may also be additional ways of adapting. Before accounting standards are utilized, companies are given the opportunity to make different accounting choices, which will be studied in this master thesis. Purpose: The purpose of this master thesis is to identify which adapting methods companies use before an accounting standard is utilized. The driving forces behind the adaptation itself will also be studied. Method: The quantitative study uses panel data with a deductive approach. The theories, Positive Accounting theory and Legitimacy Theory are used to derive hypotheses which will then be tested to see if they can explain the driving forces behind the adaptation to a new accounting standard. The quantitative data is collected from the Stockholm Stock Exchange. Conclusion: The results show that most companies use some sort of adaptation methods before a new accounting standard. The identified driving forces in the thesis had no effect on whether the company adapted or not.
Bolin, Fredrik, and Vural Akdemir. "Nya leasingstandarden IFRS 16 : Kapitalisering av operationella leasingavtal och dess effekter." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30567.
Full textCompanies can use different ways to finance their businesses. One of the options is to leas the assets they want. This means that another company purchase an asset then you leas said asset from the purchasing company. IASB have made a new standard, IFRS 16, which will become active in January 2019. This new standard have change the criteria of how to classify leases. With IFRS 16 many of the operating leases that are longer than 12 months, now have to be classified as financial leases. Because of that they have to go from off balance sheet to be a part of the balance sheet. With this study we want to look at the effects that a capitalization of leases have on selected financial ratios in Swedish companies traded on the OMX Nasdaq stock exchange. We use a constructive capitalizations model to see the effects of current operating leases on the balance- and income-sheet for the year 2014. Our results indicate that most effect will be seen on the balance-sheet, because of the way capitalization works, it is intended to bring the leases onto the balance-sheet. We also see some effects on financial ratios, where balance focused ratios gets effected more than others, example intensity of investment, equity/assets and debt/equity.
Forsman, Alexander, and Victor Karlsson. "IFRS 16 : Standardens effekter på de finansiella rapporterna och kreditgivares bedömningar." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-68519.
Full textLeasing has generally been an attractive financing method for companies to obtain the assets required to compete in its industry. With IAS 17, leases can be classified as either financial or operating leases, which affects how companies report their leases. Operating leases has created opportunities for companies to keep their financing outside their balance sheets and thus hidden from the companies’ external stakeholders. The companies have thus been able to show a better picture of their financial position and performance. International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) now seeks to resolve this issue by introducing a new accounting standard called the IFRS 16. This new accounting standard means that all listed companies now have to report all their leasing contracts as financial, which means they are capitalized in the company's financial reports. The purpose of this study is to explain IFRS 16 and the effects a capitalization of operating leases can have on a company's financial reports and key ratios. In addition, we want to create an understanding of how this change can affect creditors' assessments of financial reports based on the features of the IASB Conceptual Framework. With the help of a capitalization, we have entered a company's operating leases in their income statement and balance sheet and subsequently studied the effects on the key financial ratios. This material has then been used in interviews with different creditors. The results of our study show that the financial statements and key ratios are affected by a transition to IFRS 16. Another conclusion of our study is that creditors get a more faithful representation of the company's financial position and that the comparability increases when a company’s operating leases are capitalized.
Spånberger, Jonathan, and Momtahina Rista. "Implications of IFRS 16 adoption : Evidence from Swedish publicly listed firms." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414750.
Full textHrušková, Karolína. "Standardy IFRS 15 a 16 a jejich dopad na finanční výkonnost podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359172.
Full textAhldén, Magnus, and Petter Domeij. "Effekterna på företags finansiella rapporter och nyckeltal efter införandet av IFRS 16." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29991.
Full textÅsell, Julian, and David Amoi. "Leasing - en studie om skillnader mellan K3 och IFRS : En komparativ studie mellan K3 och IFRS gällande redovisning av leasing ur ett intressentperspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37316.
Full textAccounting intends to provide support and information to society. Therefore, it is important that the accounting reflects reality. The current lease standard IAS 17 for European international level has been criticized because it has its purpose in a classification between financial or operational leases. Companies in Sweden applying K3 chapter 20 treat leases in the same way through a classification. This has created opportunities for companies to invent an account where major values in terms of assets and liabilities are off-balance-sheet through operational lease agreements. Hence, there has been an international discussion between the IASB and the FASB for a long time if leases classified as operational really reflect a fair view of companies applying IFRS standards. This debate is about an increase in transparency in accounting and corporate financial reporting is constantly present in these debates. Because this financial information is often the only information which stakeholder has at its disposal as a basis for decision making. Due to these problems and to develop a more consistent reporting, the IASB has chosen to create a new lease agreement - IFRS 16 Leases. IFRS 16 has another approach to lease agreements as it is based on a right of use. This entails significant changes for lessees, as they, based on the right of use, need to report leases as assets and liabilities in their balance sheets. The IASB has already implemented IFRS 16, but it is not required to comply with the standard until 1 January 2019 when IFRS 16 enters into force. The purpose of the study is to describe and analyze the differences between companies applying K3 chapter 20 and the forthcoming standard IFRS 16 regarding lease agreements. Furthermore, the purpose of the study is to investigate and illustrate, by typical cases, differences in financial reports and relevant key ratios and how these effects may affect the company's stakeholders. Through a qualitative research method, fictional typical cases have been designed to draw conclusions that answer the purpose and research question of this paper. The study addresses what differences exist in the treatment of classification, valuation and definition of lease agreements. Thus, it can be established and demonstrate that, in application of the forthcoming leasing standard IFRS 16, an increase in assets and liabilities in the companies balance sheet is made. This implies significant changes as they must account for a lease agreements right of use and obligations. These changes have a significant impact on key ratios such as returnability, equity, debt ratio and leverage formula. Furthermore, the conclusion can show that stakeholders are affected in a significant way as changes in financial reports affect their analyzes and ultimately decision-making.
Izgi, Leon, and Simon Salloum. "Transportsektorns övergång till IFRS 16 : En kvantitativ studie om effekterna av den nya leasingstandarden på europeiska transportföretags finansiella rapporter." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41861.
Full textBackground and problemdiscussion: Lessee-tenants have had strong incentives to avoid disclosing leasing contracts in the balance sheet, which has led to much criticism of the old leasingstandard IAS 17. The new leasingstandard IFRS 16 has since 1 January 2019 replaced IAS 17, and means that all leasing contracts must now be reported in the balance sheet. IFRS 16 entails significant changes for companies that have not reported leasing agreements of significant values in the balance sheet. The transport sector has been forecast to be a sector where the effects are expected to hit hardest in terms of its leasing intensity. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of the application of IFRS 16 on the financial position of European transport companies. The study will examine the effects that have arisen by calculating the change in relevant key figures since the implementation of IFRS 16 in the transport sector and its sub-sectors (shipping, aviation, road- and rail, and transportlogistics). Research questions: How are the key ratios equity ratio, debt ratio, EBITDA, ROA and ROE affected in European transport companies' financial reports? How does the impact differ in the different sub-sectors of the transport sector? Research method: The thesis uses a quantitative research approach where an analysis of relevant information and data is used to answer the research questions. Relevant information and data are hand-picked from quarterly reports on companies that have applied IFRS 16. The thesis is limited to a selection of companies operating in the European transport sector. The study covers transport companies established in the countries Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Germany and the United Kingdom. Furthermore, the study is limited to studying the key ratios equity ratio, debt ratio, EBITDA, ROA and ROE. Results and conclusion: Significant changes have arisen as a consequence of IFRS 16. The transport sector's equity ratio, debt ratio and EBITDA were significantly affected, while ROA and ROE were affected to a much lesser extent. The sub-sector that was most affected was the aviation sector, where the change in debt ratio, ROA and ROA was at the largest extent. The road- and rail sector and the transportlogistics sector have had to endure the largest change in equity ratio respectively EBITDA. The shipping sector has been affected to a much lesser extent as the majority of key figures have been shown to be almost unchanged as a result of IFRS 16.
Eriksson, Johan, and Axel Gref. "Effekter av införandet av IFRS 16 : En kvantitativ studie på svenska börsnoterade företag." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38567.
Full textBakgrunden till denna uppsats är problemen i samband med den tidigare leasingstandarden IAS 17 och införandet av det nya IFRS 16. Under tillämpningen av IAS 17 klassificerades leasingavtal som antingen operationell eller finansiella. Klassificeringen handlar om det finns likheter i hyreskontraktet till ett återbetalningsköp eller ej. För finansiella leasingavtal finns det likheter till ett köp av tillgången, där leasetagaren ska redovisa både tillgång och skuld i balansräkningen. Samtidigt redovisas varken tillgång eller skuld i balansräkningen vid upprättandet av operationella leasingavtal. Den tidigare standarden IAS 17 har fått stor kritik för att de operationella leasingavtalen tillåts vara utanför bolagets bokföring, det har inneburit att insynen och tillförlitligheten hos den rapporterade informationen har varit otillräcklig. Operationella leasingavtal leder till vilseledande nyckeltal och att företagen därmed kan underskatta deras finansiella risker i samband med den hyrda tillgången. En lägre skuldkvot kan vara relaterad till en högre skuldfinansiering från balansräkningen. Studien genomförs för att undersöka de potentiella effekter som IFRS 16 har på olika branscher i Sverige, och hur införandet påverkar nyckeltalen EBITDA, skuldsättning, skuldsättningsgrad och soliditet. Relevant tidigare litteratur om de potentiella effekterna inom branscherna kommer att presenteras i det teoretiska avsnittet. Resultatet av studien kommer därefter att presenteras och analyseras med tidigare vetenskaplig forskning.
Raattamaa, Joanna, and Hanna Sveningsson. "Värderelevansen av IFRS 16 : Redovisad information i notupplysning eller i balans- och resultaträkning." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185211.
Full textGustafsson, David, and Patrik Sigurdson. "Implementeringen av IFRS 16 : En kvalitativ studie som granskar företagens beslutsfattande vid implementeringen." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-20035.
Full textHasselquist, Gabriel, and Johanna Thyrestam. "IFRS 16 påverkan på värderelevans : En studie om värderelevans för skulder och EBITDA." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414965.
Full textAlvarado, Felipe, and Ludvig Lundqvist. "Har kapitalstrukturen i svenska företag förändrats i och med införandet av IFRS 16?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433951.
Full textPalo, Lovisa, and Hermona Rustom. "IFRS 16 - Kapitalisering av operationell leasing : Hur påverkas de svenska företagen inom konsumenttjänster?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32265.
Full textPereira, Luís Guilherme de Sousa. "O impacto contabilístico inicial da IFRS 16 nas empresas cotadas na Euronext Lisboa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19980.
Full textO trabalho realizado pretende analisar, quantificar e demonstrar o impacto inicial que decorreu da aplicação da IFRS 16 Locações nas demonstrações financeiras das empresas cotadas na Euronext Lisboa, em 2018. A IFRS 16 entrou em vigor a 1 de janeiro de 2019, e exige que os locatários efetuem o reconhecimento no balanço das anteriores locações classificadas como operacionais, que até 2018 eram apenas reconhecidas em resultados do exercício e divulgados os pagamentos futuros destes contratos no anexo às demonstrações financeiras, de acordo com a anterior norma IAS 17 Locações. Para o efeito, foram analisados os relatórios e contas anuais de 2018 e os intercalares de 2019, publicados até ao momento das 44 empresas. Conclui-se que os valores de ativos e passivos reconhecidos a partir de agora, e que estavam fora dos Balanços das empresas, são materialmente relevantes, e que afetam a posição financeira das entidades, e agravam os rácios de autonomia financeira e solvabilidade, motivados apenas por alteração de politica contabilística.
The work carried out, aims to analyze, quantify and demonstrate the initial impact that resulted from the application of IFRS 16 Leases in the financial statements of companies listed on Euronext Lisbon, in 2018. IFRS 16 came into force on January 1st 2019, and requires that lessees carry out the recognition in the Balance Sheet of previous leases classified as operating leases. Until 2018, lessees recognized operating leases only in the income statement for the year and the future payments of these contracts disclosed in the notes to the financial statements, in accordance with the previous IAS 17 Leases. For this purpose, were analyzed the annual reports and accounts for 2018 and the interim reports for 2019, published up to the time of the 44 companies. It is concluded that the values of assets and liabilities recognized as of now, and that were outside the balance sheets of the companies, are materially relevant, and that they affect the financial position of the entities, and aggravate the ratios of financial autonomy and solvency, motivated only due to changes in accounting policy.
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Ahrnberg, Jonathan, and Rasmus Andersson. "K3 vs IFRS : Påverkan på de finansiella rapporterna vid kapitalisering av leasing." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23851.
Full textLeasing har under många år varit ett attraktivt finansieringsalternativ, framförallt hos företag med en hög skuldsättningsgrad. Uppskattningsvis görs vart tredje inköp med leasing som finansiering. Leasing har trots sin popularitet varit ett omdiskuterat ämne, det som föranlett diskussionerna är att en stor del av leasingen hanterats utanför rapporten över finansiell ställning. Diskussionerna har tillslut resulterat i att IASB utfärdat en ny leasingstandard, IFRS 16, som ersatt den tidigare standarden IAS 17. Med IAS 17 kunde leasetagaren klassificera sina leasingavtal som operationella eller finansiella, med IFRS 16 ska alla leasingavtal anses vara finansiella. IFRS 16 trädde i kraft 1 januari 2019 vilket innebar att alla företag som tillämpar IFRS var tvungna att kapitalisera alla större leasingavtal under de räkenskapsår som påbörjades 2019. I Sverige är det fortsatt möjligt för leasetagare att klassificera sina leasingavtal som operationella om leasetagaren tillämpar det svenska K3-regelverket. Fördelar med operationell leasing har ansetts vara att leasetagaren kan ta en större finansiell risk utan att det uppmärksammas genom att hålla skulder utanför företagets rapport över finansiell ställning. Företag som tillämpar IFRS kommer ha finansiella rapporter som skiljer sig åt från de finansiella rapporter som presenteras av företag som tillämpar K3-regelverket. Men även att IFRS 16 i sin tillämpning är väldigt beroende av den diskonteringsränta som används för att nuvärdesberäkna leasingavtalen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur utformningen av de finansiella rapporterna skiljer sig åt i sin hantering av leasing beroende på om ett företag väljer att tillämpa IFRS eller om företaget väljer att tillämpa K3 i sin redovisning. Syftet är också att undersöka hur olika räntelägen påverkar hanteringen av leasing enligt IFRS samt att undersöka om det finns några för- och nackdelar för intressenter vid jämförande och analysering av olika företag som går att härleda till vilket av regelverken som tillämpas. Detta har vi undersökt genom att konstruera typfall där vi tillämpat de olika regelverken. Den empiri som typfallen genererat har analyserats och tolkats utifrån ett intressentperspektiv med hjälp av diverse utvalda nyckeltal men också redovisningens kvalitativa egenskaper. Resultatet av studien visar att flertalet nyckeltal, till följd av förändringar i de finansiella rapporterna, påverkas när ett företag tillämpar IFRS istället för K3. Nyckeltalen framställer i vissa avseenden ett företag som mindre finansiellt starkt när IFRS tillämpas. Däremot uppvisar ett företag som tillämpar IFRS en bättre och mer effektiv operativ verksamhet i kassaflödesanalysen. Vår slutsats är trots att vissa nyckeltal påverkats negativt att IFRS är det regelverk som med avseende på hantering av leasingavtal bör föredras av intressenter. Anledningen är den mer korrekta bilden som företaget visar genom att tillämpa IFRS.
Sedláček, Petr. "Analýza dopadů nových pravidel IFRS / US GAAP pro leasingy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-207048.
Full textSkoglöv, Suzanne, and Anna Edlund. "Nya avskrivningsregler i IFRS - ger komponentavskrivning en mer rättvisande bild av periodisering av kostnader?" Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-71.
Full textSyfte: Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats är att utröna om komponentavskrivning ger en mer rättvisande bild av periodisering av kostnader.
För att uppfylla huvudsyftet har vi fyra delsyften, det första är att redogöra för vad regelverket och experterna anser om ämnet. Det andra är att undersöka om komponentavskrivning uppfyller de kvalitativa kriterierna genom en bättre kvalitet på redovisningen. Det tredje är att illustrera de för- och nackdelar som finns i och med komponentavskrivning. Det fjärde vill belysa hur det kommer sig att vissa företag väljer att tillämpa anskaffningsvärdemetoden med avskrivningar, komponentavskrivning, medan andra väljer att redovisa till verkligt värde.
Object: The main purpose with this thesis is to determine whether component depreciation gives a more true and fair view of amortization of costs.
To fulfil the main purpose we have four sub purposes, where the first is to state views from the accounting rules and the expertise regarding this topic. The second sub purpose is to investigate if component depreciation meets the qualitative criteria as a better quality in accounting. The third sub purpose is to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages with component depreciation. The fourth sub purpose will show how certain companies chose to use historic cost depreciation, component depreciation, while other chose to prepare their accounts according to the fair value method
Mårtensson, Stina, and Emelie Lund. "Leasingavtal utifrån IFRS 16 och K3 : En komparativ studie beträffande värdering, uppskjuten skatt och inkomstbeskattning." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-25723.
Full textLease agreements are classified as operational or financial. As an alternative to company funding, operational leasing has been applied frequently by companies since it is not required to be included in the balance sheet. Discussions regarding operational leasing agreements have occurred as a result. Due to the debates IASB issued a new accounting standard, IFRS 16, for leasing agreements in order to replace IAS 17. Companies that implement the new accounting standard were required by law to reclassify their existing operational agreements to financial agreements. Swedish companies that apply the K3 regulation have the opportunity to post leasing agreements according to both classifications. Tax legislation in Sweden states financial leasing agreements should be handled as operational leasing from a lessee’s perspective. When the accounting standard IFRS 16 is utilized, a gap in accounting and taxation appears. The leasing asset and leasing liability in a financial agreement are to be reported in the balance sheet. Depreciation, amortization, and interest expenses that arise may be reported as stated in both K3 and IFRS. From a tax aspect, adjustments are enforced in income tax return for depreciation and interest expenses. Ownership of the leasing agreement are not accrued to the lessee. Temporary discrepancies originating from leasing asset and leasing liability, leads to consideration of deferred tax in accounting. Intent of this study is to investigate how classification of leasing agreements affects financial reports for companies, according to K3 and IFRS. This study also focus on the dilemma issued from various valuation instructions for financial leasing regarding regulations (K3, IFRS) and income tax legislation. Our examination reviews the influence of chosen accounting standard for deferred tax, according to K3 and IFRS, and the impact it presents in financial notes. Aim of this study has been tested by implementing both regulations to typical scenarios prevalent within the industry. The empirical evidence emerged from our cases are clarified and analyzed on the basis of characteristics in quality and theory of stakeholders. Results coming from this study indicates financial reports affected by practiced rules of classification in accordance with K3 and IFRS. The outcome implies complications as to valuation instructions for income tax legislation and IFRS. Depending on whether the K3 regulation or IFRS are applied concerning leasing agreements, different approaches to managing deferred tax are appropriate. Consequently, both accounting and additional information in financial reports are influenced in partial. Our conclusion is that financial leasing accounting wise would be preferred by stakeholders when utilizing K3 and IFRS. That is due to a higher extent of transparency in financial reports as well as a faithful representation. This study is written in Swedish.
Fransson, Hans-Philip, Linnéa Karlsson, and Julia Snäll. "Upplysningskvalitet vid kapitalisering av operationella leasingavtal enligt IFRS 16 : en kvantitativ studie av svenska börsnoterade företag." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-24365.
Full textDespite the main purpose of accounting as source for information and support in investment decisions, the quality of disclosure differs between companies. The accounting standards developed by IASB leaves room for interpretation, which may lead to disclosures permeated by the relationship between principals and agents, resulting in an information gap between the company and its stakeholders. This study contributes to a reduced market influence caused by this gap, by reviewing the disclosures of 249 Swedish listed companies when changing principles of accounting for operating leases. IFRS 16- Leases requires a capitalization of the lease contract as an asset and debt respectively in the balance sheet. The empirical data of the study succeeds to explain some of the variance in disclosure quality between companies, during a transitional period, by the effect of capitalizing when changing principle.
Nartova, Darya. "Vykazování leasingů dle IFRS v novelizované podobě - příprava, očekávání a finální dopad." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203714.
Full textNylen, Christoffer, and Fornes Philip Nilsson. "Effekterna av att kapitalisera operationella leasingavtal : Hur påverkas stora företag verksamma i Sverige av IFRS 16?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35442.
Full textLeasing har varit och är amerikanska företagens största externa källa till utrustningsfinansiering och det finns spår som tyder på att konceptet redan använts 2010 år före Kristus. Leasing är större än banklån, obligationer, aktier och är den snabbast växande formen av affärsinvesteringar. Imhoff, Lipe och Wright (1991) skrev att populariteten av leasing beror på ledningens förmåga att behålla den leasade tillgången och därmed den finansiella skulden utanför balansräkningen. Den kommande övergången från IAS 17 till IFRS 16 innebär en förändring av operationell och finansiell leasingredovisning för leasingtagare för att tillhandahålla en mer transparent och jämförbar bild över företagets balansräkning och resultaträkning. Teorin för denna uppsats är konstruktiv kapitaliseringsmetod som Imhoff, Lipe och Wright (1991,1997) tog fram och som senare Fülbier Silva och Pferdehirt (2008) modifierade. Modellerna används för att kunna kapitalisera företagens operativa leasingavtal utifrån offentlig information från årsredovisningen. Studien genomfördes med en kvantitativ ansats genom insamling av sekundärdata på OMXS30-företagen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa hur stora företag som är verksamma i Sverige påverkas av de nya leasingreglerna i IFRS 16 och uppmärksamma hur mycket skulder som de facto ligger utanför balansräkningen. Denna studie framvisar att företagen kommer redovisa högre skulder, tillgångar, rörelseresultat och nettoresultat samt ett mindre eget kapital. Studien uppmärksammar även att de undersökta nyckeltalen kommer förändras vid övergången från IAS 17 till IFRS 16. Kapitaliseringen av operationella leasingavtal ledde till en högre ökning av summa skulder än summa tillgångar som erhöll en mindre ökning. Detta ledde till en diversifierad effekt på de undersökta nyckeltalen. Nyckeltalen kopplat till lönsamhet och soliditet, som förändras mest i jämförelse med de resterande undersökta nyckeltalen i denna studie, var D/A – talet och Soliditet samt nyckeltalet som hade högst diversifierad förändring var skuldsättningsgraden. De mer finansiellt inriktade nyckeltalen förändrades för samtliga undersökta företag dock presenterade P/E – talet den högsta förändringen, totalt sett och för respektive företag. Sammantaget för studien är att detaljhandelsföretag kommer påverkas mest vilket H&M demonstrerar i denna uppsats med en fördubblad skuldsättningsgrad.
Campo, de la Rosa Enrique del. "Análisis de la norma IFRS 16 y su impacto en el mercado de oficinas en Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/172735.
Full textWaldholm, Robin, and Tess Lagerblad. "Leasetagaren i två världar : En explorativ ex-post-studie om hur införandet av IFRS 16 har påverkat verksamheten för leasetagare inom den svenska detaljhandeln." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193540.
Full textBakgrund och problematik: Den 1 januari 2019 infördes den nya redovisningsstandarden IFRS 16, som numera tvingar leasetagare att kapitalisera operationell leasing och därmed förflytta information om leasingåtaganden från fotnoterna till balansräkningen. Vid kapitalisering av operationell leasing har forskare genom kvantitativa studier kunnat konstatera att det även får implikationer på såväl resultaträkningen som finansiella nyckeltal, för att sedan försöka förutspå vad kapitalisering av operationell leasing skulle ha för påverkan på den underliggande verksamheten. Däremot saknar förväntningarna akademiskt publicerade empiriska belägg, och framförallt från en tid då IFRS 16 trätt i kraft. Forskningsfråga och syfte: Genom att svara på forskningsfrågan “Hur har införandet av IFRS 16 påverkat verksamheten för leasetagare inom den svenska detaljhandeln?”, ämnar studien att förstå vilken påverkan införandet av IFRS 16 har haft på verksamheten för leasetagare inom den svenska detaljhandeln. Teoretisk förankring: Tidigare litteratur har identifierat hur kapitalisering av operationell leasing potentiellt kan komma att påverka delar inom verksamheten. De identifierade delarna har summerats i ett konceptuellt ramverk, som definierar vad som avses med verksamheten. Det konceptuella ramverket består av de fyra olika perspektiven: leasingpolicy; rapporteringsprocess; kapitalanskaffning; finansiella mål. Metod: Studien har tillämpat en kvalitativ metod i form av semi-strukturella intervjuer för insamlandet av empiriskt underlag. Respondenterna bestod av ekonomichefer, redovisningsspecialister och redovisningschefer, vilka representerade leasetagare verksamma inom den svenska detaljhandeln. Resultat och bidrag: Studien har funnit att leasetagare befinner sig i två världar, där det har skett en övergång till IFRS 16 men att leasetagare fortfarande tilläggsredovisar enligt IAS 17. Därtill visar resultaten att IFRS 16 möjliggör för tolkningar och bedömningar, vilket leasetagare har löst genom att centralisera arbets- och beslutsprocesser gällande leasing. Insikterna kan tänkas erbjuda en vägledning för leasetagare som står inför att tillämpa den nya redovisningsstandarden. Samtidigt kompletterar resultaten litteraturen med ett tidigare understuderat perspektiv och medverkar därmed till en mer holistisk förståelse vad gäller följderna av IFRS 16.
Göthlin, Sanna, and Nicole Rigogianis. "IFRS16 - Leases." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262229.
Full textBy 1st of January 2019 the new International Accounting Standard IFRS 16 - Leases will be applied and replace the old accounting standard IAS 17 - Leases. The classification between an Operational Lease and Financial Lease according to IAS 17 – Leases, has received criticism for creating an incentive for corporations to account for a lease contract as an operational lease and therefore avoid capitalizing the contracts in the balance sheet as a right of use asset and lease liability. To cope with the complex of problems, as well as the information asymmetry that arose, IASB and FASB initiated a project that lead to the new accounting standard IFRS 16 - Leases.To elucidate in the new standard IFRS 16 is the fact that the lessor is not affected in the same extent as the lessee. The lessor method for accounting reminds of the previous standard IAS 17 and therefore the alteration does not cause any major changes. For the lessee IFRS 16 implies that the corporates must identify their lease contracts with a duration past twelve months and leased assets with a value above 5 000 USD when new. Hence the classification of operational and financial lease contracts will be eliminated for the lessee but remain for the lessor.The purpose of the thesis is to study the effects of IFRS 16 on real estate companies income statement and balance sheet through a qualitative approach with interviews in combination with a quantitative analysis of the financial quarterly reports for January to March 2019. Henceforth a clarification of financial ratios affected by IFRS 16 will be provided and lastly the study will examine if IFRS 16 may affect the valuation of properties provided with a site lease. The purpose of the thesis is formulated into two questions mentioned in section 1.3 Aim.Based on the interviews conducted with representatives from three different areas of activity, relevant conclusions have been presented and the research questions have been answered with certainty. The transition to IFRS 16 affects key ratios such as loan-to-value, equity ratio and interest coverage ratio. For real estate companies, it is primarily leasing contracts in the form of site leasehold rights that are of importance as the real estate companies in these leases are lessees and thus are affected by the changed accounts. The gross profit will also be affected when the companies net operating income increases as a result of the fee for the site leasehold right, being moved from a cost that is charged in the net operating income to be a financial item in the form of interest.In conclusion, the study has ascertained that IFRS 16 - Leases do not affect real estate companies at large, neither on their financial reporting or specific financial ratios. It is relatively simple for the corporates to apply IFRS 16 through a simplified method, which a majority of the companies have chosen. However, it has emerged that is has not been an easy task to interpret the standard and how detailed information regarding IFRS 16 should be recognized in the quarterly reports. Therefore, there have been a significant difference between clarity as well as formation in the quarterly reports released in the first quarter 2019. A general opinion from several respondents have been that IFRS 16 entails extra work in the companies accounts but unfortunately does not lead to increased transparency, which was the basic idea why the new standard was developed from the beginning. Thus, it can also be stated that IFRS 16 does not fully achieve its purpose in increasing transparency.The study is henceforth written in Swedish.
Trnková, Eva. "Vykazování dlouhodobých hmotných aktiv podle českých účetních předpisů a IFRS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71980.
Full textEriksson, Hampus, and Oskar Nordquist. "Förstår alla förändringen? : En kvantitativ studie om hur införandet av IFRS 16 och ASC 842 har påverkat företagsvärderingen." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178917.
Full textHedin, Linnéa, and Alice Lennartsson. "Är industriföretag lika benägna att leasa tillgångar som innan införandet av IFRS 16? : En longitudinell studie om svenska börsnoterade industriföretags användande av leasing." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-46383.
Full textBackground and problem: IFRS 16 is a new accounting standard for leasing agreements introduced in January 2019. The new standard means that companies leasing liabilities are capitalized in the balance sheet, which has led to an increase in liabilities and companies deteriorating financial position - even though their financial ability to pay is the same as before IFRS 16. The dilemma for companies, due to the increased debt, lies, among other things, in the financial consequences that follow from the changes in the financial reports. As creditworthiness deteriorates, so will the financial consequences, such as higher interest rates on loans. In addition, it is the financial statements that constitute changed decisions for players such as lenders, investors and other lenders. In order to maintain a good financial position, it has therefore been discussed whether many companies will choose to buy assets instead of renting them to reduce their leasing liabilities. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate whether and how the new accounts show a change in decision-making. The study examines how IFRS 16 has affected the tendency to lease assets from decision-makers in industrial companies. Method: This study was conducted in the form of a longitudinal study. Several companies have been investigated over a number of years through a quantitative method with a document research where empirical material is taken from the companies' annual reports and treated as primary data. Conclusion: Based on the study's empirical data and analysis, it is established that the majority of companies in the industrial industry have shown a change in leasing behavior. According to the study, the change in decision-making has been affected by the financial consequences of IFRS 16 in the form of reduced leasing.
Allert, Norgren Daniel, and Oskar Martinelle. "IFRS 16 påverkan på jämförbarheten och företagsvärderingar på Stockholmsbörsen : En kvantitativ studie om en ny redovisningsprincip för leasing." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79428.
Full textAccounting for leases has long been criticized for not recognizing significant assets in the balance sheet. IFRS 16 was implemented in January 2019 as a new accounting standard for leases. The new standard means that previous operating leases are recognized in the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The purpose of IFRS 16 is to improve comparability between companies that finance assets through loans and companies that lease assets. The standard will have an impact on financial ratios that are commonly used by stakeholders to assess the financial standing of a company. The purpose of the study is to increase understanding of the impact IFRS 16 has on comparability and valuations on the Stockholm Stock Exchange and specifically the retail sector which is expected to be affected the most. The study was conducted through data collection from 305 companies on the Stockholm Stock Exchange where the companies were later divided into different sectors to analyze differences. Positive accounting theory has been applied to help analyze the result of the study. The result shows a significant change in all of the key financial ratios which have been examined. IFRS 16 has the largest impact in the retail sector among all sectors with an increase of 78,23% in debt to equity ratio. Retail is affected more than any other sector due to the large amount of leasing in financing the business activities. An increased debt to equity ratio as a result of IFRS 16 leads to a weaker financial standing despite an unaffected ability to pay long-term debts and interests. This affects a company’s ability to raise capital and their capability of sustaining covenants. Furthermore, the variance in financial ratios may have an impact on valuations due to an affected comparability and higher profitability ratios and higher debt. However, IFRS 16 will increase transparency of lease contracts by recognizing these in the balance sheet which were previously voluntarily disclosed in the notes. The study concludes that IFRS 16 has a significant effect on the comparability and financial ratios on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. The relevance of certain ratios may be affected and stakeholders will need to make adjustments for the new standard. Over time, comparability is expected to improve by better accessibility of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities which leads to a better understanding of the financing of businesses.
Hjertstedt, Nicole. "Strategizing IFRS 16 – Leases and Real Estate : Exploring implementation and contractual strategies relating to new accounting regulation." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230938.
Full textHistoriskt sätt så har operationella leasingavtal varit undantagna från att tas upp i balansräkningen i de finansiella rapporterna. Med anledningen av nya redovisningsrekommendationer av IASB; IFRS 16 – Leasing, med start 2019‐01‐01, kommer operationella leasingavtal inte längre att särskiljas från finansiella leasingavtal, utan också kapitaliseras in i balansräkningen som en nyttjanderättstillgång och en leasingskuld. Det här kommer att påverka balansräkningens komposition, i vissa fall väldigt mycket, i synnerhet för frekventa användare av operationella leasingavtal såsom detaljhandelsbolag och produktionsbolag, och som dessutom har en svagare skuldsida på balansräkningen. Långsiktiga produktions‐ och industriföretag förväntas omvärdera beslut gällande leasa versus köpa då de inte kommer kunna balansera skuldbalansen genom att använda sig av operationella leasingavtal längre. Implementeringen av IFRS 16 kommer att bli svårare på ett administrativt splan för lokalhyresgäster i de fall de inte har system för att hantera finansiella leasar på plats. De tenderar även att ha mindre effektiva system för att samla och hantera sina operationella leasar innan implementering. Detta tenderar att vara vanligare för företag där att hyra lokaler representerar en stor del av företagets operationella strategi, såsom i detaljhandeln som ett exempel. Implementeringen kan vara ett stort projekt för många företag och effekten bli tydlig först närmare implementeringsdatum. Detta kan resultera i att genvägar kommer att tas och i vissa fall kommer resultera i exempelvis större leasingskuld än nödvändigt. De antaganden och justeringar som är möjliga kommer mer sannolikt att tas efter implementering, då incitament även tros bli större att ta till dessa möjliga strategier. En kvalitativ interaktiv och induktiv inriktning med framförallt semi‐strukturerade intervjuer har använts i denna studie för att utforska och möjliggöra att gräva djupare efter möjliga strategiska förändringar som kontraktsmässigt skulle kunna minska effekten på balansräkningen i de fall det finns incitament att göra det. Det finns tendenser som visar på att förändringar är på gång inom detaljhandeln, oberoende av redovisningsförändringarna som i sin tur kan göra att det möjligen kommer bli enklare att argumentera för att ta upp en mindre leasingskuld i balansräkningen enligt IFRS 16, såsom förkortade lokalhyresavtal och mer serviceavtal snarare än hyresavtal.
Sieverding, Antonius. "A critical analysis of the accounting for sale and lease back transactions under the new IFRS 16." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/24737.
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Objetivo – O objetivo deste trabalho é acessar o tratamento da operação de venda e arrendamento mercantil de acordo com a introdução da nova norma de arrendamento mercantil IFRS 16 e determinar suas consequências para os negócios. Devido a essas mudanças de longo alcance, a contabilização das transações de venda e arrendamento de acordo com a IFRS 16 é analisada criticamente e avaliada em relação à finalidade e aos princípios selecionados da contabilidade do IFRS. Além disso, é feita uma comparação com as disposições da IAS 17. Outrossim, esta pesquisa visa identificar espaço potencial para evitar as consequências da IFRS 16 e vincula essas descobertas à prática. Metodologia – A pesquisa foi dividida em diferentes partes. Em primeiro lugar, a fundamentação teórica é determinada com o uso de materiais do IASB em relação ao novo padrão de locação para investigar possíveis diferenças ocorridas na IFRS 16. Baseado em um exemplo prático, o procedimento contábil para uma transação de venda e arrendamento segundo a IFRS 16, para ambos envolvendo partes, é mostrado. Os resultados são discutidos e vinculados, especialmente no que diz respeito ao propósito e várias possibilidades oferecidas pela IFRS 16. Resultados – A introdução da IFRS 16 traz grandes mudanças para os negócios. Uma transação de venda e arrendamento sob a IFRS 16 leva em contraste com a IAS 17 (assumindo a locação operacional) para uma contabilidade em balanço. Limitações – Não é necessário apresentar uma análise completa e revisão do novo padrão. Aplicabilidade do trabalho – Este trabalho pode servir as empresas, assim como o auditor e contadores, como uma diretriz para o tratamento de transações de venda e arrendamento sob a IFRS 16 e mostra as consequências. Originalidade – Para o conhecimento do autor, este é o primeiro estudo que combina uma comparação entre a IAS 17 e a IFRS 16 com o tratamento de transação de venda e arrendamento e determina sua finalidade e as consequências para as empresas que usam um exemplo prático.
Purpose – The purpose of this work is to access the treatment of sale and lease back transaction in regards of the introduction of the new leasing standard IFRS 16 and determine its consequences for businesses. Due to these far-reaching changes, the accounting for sale and lease back transactions in accordance with IFRS 16 is critically analyzed and evaluated in regards of the purpose and selected principles of IFRS accounting. In addition, a comparison is made with the provisions of IAS 17. Further, this research aims to identify potential room for avoiding the consequences of IFRS 16 and links these findings to the practice. Design/methodology/approach – The research was divided into different parts. First of all, the theoretical foundation is determined with using IASB materials regarding the new lease standard to investigate possible differences occurring to IFRS 16. Based on a practical example, the accounting procedure for a sale and lease back transaction under IFRS 16, for both involving parties, is shown. The findings are discussed and linked, especially in regards of the purpose and various possibilities IFRS 16 offers. Findings – The introduction of IFRS 16 bears far reaching changes for business. A sale and lease back transaction under IFRS 16 leads in contrast to IAS 17 (assuming operating lease) to an on-balance sheet accounting. Research limitations/implications – It is not necessary to present a full analysis and review of the new standard. Practical implications – IFRS 16 will have a significant influence on future balance sheets, analyses and company valuations. This work can serve companies as well as auditor and accountants as a guideline for the treatment of sale and lease back transactions under IFRS 16 and demonstrates the accruing consequences. Originality – To the knowledge of the author, this is the first study that combines a comparison a of IAS 17 and IFRS 16 with the treatment of sale and lease back transaction and determines its purpose as well as consequences for businesses using a practical example.
Forsman, Elin, and Susanna Wale. "Effekter på finansiella nyckeltal till följd avimplementeringen av IFRS 16 : En studie om nordiska börsnoterade företag inomdetaljhandelsbranschen." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37615.
Full textThe previous accounting standard for leasing, IAS 17, was fairly lenient regarding accountingfor assets and liabilities arising from leasing contracts. As of January 1st 2019, when the newstandard IFRS 16 Leases came into effect, companies that compile their financial statementsin accordance with the IASB’s accounting standard IFRS, must record the majority of theirleased assets on the balance sheet as assets and liabilities. This accounting measure has beenexpected to hit hard against key financial ratios of companies in lease-intensive industries,including the retail industry.The object of this study is to examine the extent to which the new standard for leasing, IFRS16, has affected Nordic and Swedish retail companies’ key financial ratios. The study wasconducted using a quantitative method in which 47 listed, Nordic retail companies’ keyfinancial ratios, i.e. debt-equity ratio, return on assets, operating margin and EBITDA, twoyears prior to and two years after implementation of IFRS 16 were compared. Our studyshows that there is a statistical significance for a change in the predicted direction in terms ofdebt-equity ratio and EBITDA, which is in line with most previous studies on the subject. Asfor the other two key financial ratios, return on assets and operating margin, our study showsthat there is no statistical significance for change. The study even shows that the key financialratio of operating margin resulted in an average change in the opposite direction thanpredicted.The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the much debated accountingstandard IFRS 16, in a Nordic and Swedish context of the retail industry, for the most part hasresulted in the, by many anticipated, enormous impact on companies' key financial ratios andsubsequent financial consequences.
Sieverding, Antonius. "A critical analysis of the accounting for sale and lease back transactions under the new IFRS 16." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26290.
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Objetivo – O objetivo deste trabalho é acessar o tratamento da operação de venda e arrendamento mercantil de acordo com a introdução da nova norma de arrendamento mercantil IFRS 16 e determinar suas consequências para os negócios. Devido a essas mudanças de longo alcance, a contabilização das transações de venda e arrendamento de acordo com a IFRS 16 é analisada criticamente e avaliada em relação à finalidade e aos princípios selecionados da contabilidade do IFRS. Além disso, é feita uma comparação com as disposições da IAS 17. Outrossim, esta pesquisa visa identificar espaço potencial para evitar as consequências da IFRS 16 e vincula essas descobertas à prática. Metodologia – A pesquisa foi dividida em diferentes partes. Em primeiro lugar, a fundamentação teórica é determinada com o uso de materiais do IASB em relação ao novo padrão de locação para investigar possíveis diferenças ocorridas na IFRS 16. Baseado em um exemplo prático, o procedimento contábil para uma transação de venda e arrendamento segundo a IFRS 16, para ambos envolvendo partes, é mostrado. Os resultados são discutidos e vinculados, especialmente no que diz respeito ao propósito e várias possibilidades oferecidas pela IFRS 16. Resultados – A introdução da IFRS 16 traz grandes mudanças para os negócios. Uma transação de venda e arrendamento sob a IFRS 16 leva em contraste com a IAS 17 (assumindo a locação operacional) para uma contabilidade em balanço. Limitações – Não é necessário apresentar uma análise completa e revisão do novo padrão. Aplicabilidade do trabalho – Este trabalho pode servir as empresas, assim como o auditor e contadores, como uma diretriz para o tratamento de transações de venda e arrendamento sob a IFRS 16 e mostra as consequências. Originalidade – Para o conhecimento do autor, este é o primeiro estudo que combina uma comparação entre a IAS 17 e a IFRS 16 com o tratamento de transação de venda e arrendamento e determina sua finalidade e as consequências para as empresas que usam um exemplo prático.
Purpose – The purpose of this work is to access the treatment of sale and lease back transaction in regards of the introduction of the new leasing standard IFRS 16 and determine its consequences for businesses. Due to these far-reaching changes, the accounting for sale and lease back transactions in accordance with IFRS 16 is critically analyzed and evaluated in regards of the purpose and selected principles of IFRS accounting. In addition, a comparison is made with the provisions of IAS 17. Further, this research aims to identify potential room for avoiding the consequences of IFRS 16 and links these findings to the practice. Design/methodology/approach – The research was divided into different parts. First of all, the theoretical foundation is determined with using IASB materials regarding the new lease standard to investigate possible differences occurring to IFRS 16. Based on a practical example, the accounting procedure for a sale and lease back transaction under IFRS 16, for both involving parties, is shown. The findings are discussed and linked, especially in regards of the purpose and various possibilities IFRS 16 offers. Findings – The introduction of IFRS 16 bears far reaching changes for business. A sale and lease back transaction under IFRS 16 leads in contrast to IAS 17 (assuming operating lease) to an on-balance sheet accounting. Research limitations/implications – It is not necessary to present a full analysis and review of the new standard. Practical implications – IFRS 16 will have a significant influence on future balance sheets, analyses and company valuations. This work can serve companies as well as auditor and accountants as a guideline for the treatment of sale and lease back transactions under IFRS 16 and demonstrates the accruing consequences. Originality – To the knowledge of the author, this is the first study that combines a comparison a of IAS 17 and IFRS 16 with the treatment of sale and lease back transaction and determines its purpose as well as consequences for businesses using a practical example.
Motisová, Eliška. "Vykazování dlouhodobých hmotných aktiv podle IFRS a českých účetních předpisů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72006.
Full textGnina, Dana, and Axel Sillah. "IFRS 16 och dess påverkan på sektorernas finansiella rapporter : En kvantitativ studie om svenska börsnoterade företag efter implementeringen av den nya leasingstandarden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41869.
Full textLeasing innebär att ett företag hyr ut en tillgång till ett annat företag och används alltmer som en finansieringskälla. Normgivaren International Accounting Standards Board har tillsammans med Financial Accounting Standards Board publicerat en ny standard år 2016, IFRS 16 Leasing, vilket ersatte den tidigare standarden IAS 17 Redovisning av leasingavtal. Den huvudsakliga förändringen är att eliminera skillnaden mellan finansiell leasing och operationell leasing genom att redovisa samtliga tillgångar och skulder i balansräkningen, med undantag för de avtal som löper under ett år och är av ringa värde. Standarden förväntas påverka företagens balansräkning, resultaträkning och kassaflödesanalys. Syftet med studien är att redogöra kring den nuvarande standarden, undersöka i vilken utsträckning finansiella rapporterna hos svenska börsnoterade företag påverkas samt undersöka hur sektorerna på Nasdaq Stockholm påverkas av övergången. Studien har utgått från 2019 års finansiella rapporter för första kvartalet hos de 11 svenska GICS sektorerna som är listade på Nasdaq Stockholm för att beräkna nyckeltalen; EBIT, EBITDA, ROA och skuldsättningsgrad. Resultatet av undersökningen visade att sektorerna i helhet fick en minimal förändring efter övergången, dock påverkades vissa sektorer mer än den generella förändringen. Nyckeltalen EBIT, EBITDA och skuldsättningsgrad påverkades positivt, medan ROA påverkades negativt av övergången. EBIT ökade i median med 1,21 procent, EBITDA ökade i median med 6,95 procent, skuldsättningsgrad ökade i median med 9,38 procent och ROA minskade med 1,74 procent i median. Sektorn sällanköpsvaror påverkades mest medan sektorn kraftförsörjning påverkades minst av övergången till den nya leasingstandarden.
Josefsson, Monna, and Sofia Xiao. "Operationell Leasing Övergången från IAS 17 till IFRS 16 : Hur kommer svenska leasingtagares finansiella rapport påverkas vid en övergång?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30559.
Full textEllfolk, Linn, Patrik Helmersson, and Jacob Jansson. "IFRS 16:s påverkan på den nordiska aktiemarknaden : En eventstudie som undersöker investerarnas reaktion på implementeringen av en ny redovisningsstandard." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-85019.
Full textPersson, Magnus, and Emil Lönnqvist. "Leasing - en studie om hur en tillämpning av IFRS 16 kan komma att påverka företags finansiella rapporter och dess intressenter." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34899.
Full textDias, David Miguel Eugénio. "Impacto da introdução da IFRS 16 na informação financeira, compensação dos executivos e relatório de auditoria da Air Liquide S.A." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21024.
Full textA International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 16 começou a ser aplicada nos períodos de relato anual iniciados a 1 de janeiro de 2019 ou posteriormente, alterando, a partir dessa data, a contabilização das locações, nomeadamente na ótica do locatário. As locações passaram a ser obrigatoriamente reconhecidas como ativos e passivos na demonstração da posição financeira, existindo somente duas exceções a esta obrigatoriedade. A Air Liquide S.A. é uma empresa cotada na bolsa de valores de Paris, cujo relato financeiro respeita as normas internacionais de contabilidade emitidas pelo International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), estando, assim, sujeita à aplicação da IFRS 16. O presente projeto surge, neste contexto, com o intuito de avaliar os impactos que a IFRS 16 induziu no relato financeiro da empresa, nos rácios financeiros, no relatório de auditoria e na política remuneratória dos executivos. Com a adoção da IFRS 16 existiram alterações substanciais na demonstração da posição financeira da Air Liquide S.A, ao passo que nas restantes demonstrações os impactos foram de menor amplitude, existindo, contudo, alterações notórias na classificação dos gastos. Decorrente das variações nas demonstrações financeiras, os rácios financeiros também sofreram alterações, sendo de destacar a diminuição no rácio de liquidez geral e nos rácios de rendibilidade. No que respeita ao relatório de auditoria, foi introduzida, em 2019, uma ênfase relacionada com o método de contabilização das locações efetuado segundo a IFRS 16, mantendo-se, no entanto, uma opinião limpa neste relatório.
International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 16 began to be applied in the annual reporting periods beginning on January 1, 2019 or later, changing, from that date, the accounting for leases, namely from the lessee's perspective. Leases are now mandatorily recognized as assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position, with only two exceptions to this requirement. Air Liquide S.A. is a company listed on the Paris stock exchange, whose financial reporting follows the international accounting standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and is therefore subject to the application of IFRS 16. This project arises, in this context, with the aim of to assess the impacts that IFRS 16 had on the company's financial reporting, financial ratios, audit report and executive compensation policy. With the adoption of IFRS 16, there were substantial changes in the statement of Air Liquide S.A.'s financial position, while in the remaining statements the impacts were of lesser magnitude, however, there were notable changes in the classification of expenses. As a result of changes in the financial statements, the financial ratios also changed, with emphasis on the decrease in the current ratio and in the profitability ratios. Regarding the audit report, in 2019, an emphasis was introduced related with the lease accounting method carried out in accordance with IFRS 16, maintaining, however, a clear opinion in this report.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Andersson, Amanda, and Anna Magnusson. "Förmedling av kvalitet i redovisningslagstiftning : moralens betydelse." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21599.
Full textIn the context of financial reporting the concept of quality is complex and under perpetual transformation. Historically scientific research has aimed to chart indicators to the concept of quality that together add up to correct description of the importance of quality. Researchers originate from these indicators in studies of accounting when the purpose of the studies is to say something about the quality. Special emphasis for this study has been placed on the indicators relevance, reliability and comparability. These indicators complement each other and together they form an overall description of the concept of quality. Scientific research in accounting has frequently been carried out from a perspective where the researcher merley studied how the accounting is presented to users. This study forms an additional dimension of the matter as the basis of the research is composed of several perspectives. The result of the study is interpreted on a philosophical basis and another dimension is added by discussion about the importance of morality and ethics. We have carried out a qualitative analysis of accounting legislation from a hermeneutic perspective. The results also include interpretation of statements in specialist press and the data material has been coded according to our description of the concepts relevance, reliability and comparability. The study investigates the shift of financial reporting standard for leasing that took place at the beginning of 2019 when IAS 17 was replaced by IFRS 16. The results are consistently illustrated in the analysis using a fictitious company whose accounting follows the accounting standard for leasing that the study investigates. The theoretical model used for analysis of our results is based on previous research and theories on accounting and its users. The process of this study leads us to the conclusion that the elasticity in the description of relevance, reliability and comparability in accounting standards contributes to companies being given the opportunity to disort the accounting, which results in the usefulness of the financial reports as a basis for decision-making is falling. In our study the elasticity is measured by coding legal text and statements in the specialist press according to our description of relevance, reliability and comparability. The coding contributes to the description of the leeway of the law in terms of latitude for companies to formulate their accounting in different ways but at the same time stay within the scope of what is legal. In conclusion the results is given a philosophical significance and emphasizes the importance of morals among the companies and the company leader as a component of a high quality accounting. This study differs from previous research because it analyzes all stages of the accounting. Initially the legislature’s incentives when designing accounting standards are studied, the study then goes to the actual accounting and the company’s interpretation of the accounting standard. Lastly the study analyze the finished financial reports are presented to the users. The study’s contribution is increased understanding of the concept of quality in accounting and the basis for discussion on the meaning of philosophical insight and morality in the interpretation of accounting standards when designs financial reports.