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Journal articles on the topic 'Igbo language'
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1
Nwoye, Chukwuebuka. "A Contrastive Analysis of English and Igbo Segmental Features: Implications in ESL Learning." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 6, no. 6 (May 31, 2023): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2023.6.6.4.
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The aim of a Contrastive study is to examine the differences that exist between languages, as well as to ascertain the challenges they pose to second language learners. This paper focuses on a contrastive analysis of the segmental features of the Igbo and the English languages with emphasis on the implication of the differences in the learning of English as a second language by people whose first language is Igbo. The study reveals that while the Igbo language has more consonants than the English language, the English language has more vowels than the Igbo language. Here lies the problem of the Igbo learner of the English language. The study ends with some suggestions on how to eradicate or, at least, grossly minimize the resultant interference.
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Aruah, Virginus Onyebuchi. "Adulteration of the Igbo Language Through Multilingualism in South-Eastern Nigeria." Indian Journal of Language and Linguistics 2, no. 4 (November 15, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ijll2141.
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The study seeks to find out the linguistic adulteration of the Igbo language through a sociolinguistic process known as multilingualism. Many scholars are lamenting that the Igbo language is going into extinction just because it is losing its original linguistic structures via multilingualism. Such alteration brings to the limelight of the study in order to address these issues on Nigerian indigenous languages in general and the Igbo language in particular. A descriptive approach is used to harvest some of these language contact issues among the Igbo populace and language. A random sampling is used to ascertain the population of the five Igbo states: Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu and Imo States on how communication and written aspects of the language have been dealt with negatively. Participant observation and students’ essay writing in the Igbo language are used to collate these sub-standard Igbo grammar structures. The study expounds at a length the intricacy of the proper Igbo written forms and as well as pulling the Igbo language away from the effects of multilingualism. The findings of the study prove that the different types of multilingualism abound among the Igbo language native users. They also exemplify some linguistic related issues on the bold face of multilingualism among the Igbo interlocutors and how they vary among the Igbo speech communities in Nigeria. The study also finds out the effects of multilingualism on the standard Igbo teaching. The study goes further in suggesting some quintessential solutions to recuperate the status quo of the Igbo language.
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Abejide, L. E. O., Fatima S. Sani, and Suleiman U. Kasim. "Socioeconomic, Ethnographic and Political Integrations and Challenges of Igbo Migrants in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Social Sciences Study 5, no. 2 (May 24, 2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrsss.v5i2.498.
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The study examines the socioeconomic, ethnographic and political integrations and challenges of Igbo migrants in Lafia. Quantitative and qualitative techniques were adopted to collect data on integration variables via the administration of questionnaires to groups of Igbos from the five states of the Southeast region, and the conduct of In-depth Interviews (IDIs) with Igbo elders. Fifty copies of questionnaires were distributed to each group, totaling 250. Data were analysed by SPSS version 25, and tables and charts were generated and the qualitative data were content analysed. On socioeconomic integration, the results showed that the majority (88.1%) of Igbos were first generation migrants, who arrived to start business in Lafia over 40 years ago, whereby, almost three-fifths (59.5%) of them started their current occupation. Majority (37.6%) of Igbo migrants’ present occupation was facilitated by ‘master’, ‘family’ (66.8%) facilitated their accommodation, close to 70 per cent of them possessed their personal houses, and over two-fifths (43.1%) of them got landed property through ‘friend’ while close to three-quarters (74.8%) got married to Lafia indigenes. On ethnographic integration, three-quarters were proficient in Hausa language, with half rated their proficiency in Hausa language ‘excellent,’ while Gwandara language became the best secondary proficient language. As par political integration, over half (52.0%) of Igbo migrants held political office within their association politics but few with the wider politics. In summary, Igbo migrants have been experiencing dynamic and positive integrations but facing challenges of ethnic divide and nepotism.
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van den Bersselaar, Dmitri. "The Language of Igbo Ethnic Nationalism." Language Problems and Language Planning 24, no. 2 (December 1, 2000): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.24.2.02ber.
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Starting from Benedict Anderson’s notion that nationalism evolves around a vernacular readership, this article explores the relation between a nation or ethnic group and ‘its’ language. It analyses the link between ideas about Igbo language and the rise of Igbo ethnic identity in twentieth-century Nigeria. It focuses, first, on how language was introduced as an important marker for ethnic identity, and, second, on how the notion of the existence of an ‘Igbo language’ was successfully employed in debates by Igbo ethnic nationalists and others. Early efforts to standardize the Igbo language were initiated by missionaries and the colonial government, who had also decided upon the boundaries of the Igbo language and the Igbo ethnic group. Most Igbo people preferred literacy in English and were not interested in these efforts. This situation changed after 1940, when the growing influence of the Nigerian anti-colonial movement began to make an impact on the perception of the Igbo language. This does not mean that Igbo became more widely used as a written language. Nearly all articles and pamphlets on the Igbo language and its role continued to be written in English. Also, all attempts to standardize Igbo failed. Thus, the notion of the existence of one shared Igbo language was important and not the existence of a vernacular readership in that language.
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CHIOMA, EMEAFOR EZINWA EILEEN. "Educational Broadcasting and Local Languages in South East Nigeria: The Effectiveness in Safeguarding the Endangered Igbo Language." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. IX (2023): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.70906.
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The broadcast media use indigenous languages in presenting some programmes in south east Nigeria yet, the level of patronage of some of these languages by indigenes or inhabitants of the regions where these languages operate especially the Igbo indigenous language remains grossly low. Worrisome also is the fact that UNESCO has enlisted the Igbo language as one of the Nigerian languages that is endangered. This study examines the use of educational broadcasting as a virile tool in safeguarding and developing the Igbo indigenous languages in south east Nigeria. The objectives of this study are to: determine the extent to which the broadcast media programmes on indigenous language have contributed in the awareness level of endangered language in southeast states Nigeria, find out if there are broadcast media programmes that educate the audience on how to speak, read and write the Igbo Language and ascertain other factors responsible for the poor usage of the Igbo language in the south east Nigeria. Survey research design was used with 379 copies of questionnaire as the major instrument of data collection. Two theories were used for the study; the development media and the Agenda setting theories. Enugu Metropolis was used as the case study. Data generated were analyzed using simple percentages and frequency distribution tables. Chi- square was used to test the hypothesis. Findings from the study are discussed within the context of much larger body of knowledge on educational broadcasting and the link with endangered Igbo language.
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van den Bersselaar, Dmitri. "Creating ‘Union Ibo’: Missionaries and the Igbo language." Africa 67, no. 2 (April 1997): 273–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161445.
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AbstractThe literature of ethnicity in Africa indicates a major role for Christian missionaries in the creation of languages in Africa. It has been argued that certain African ethnic groups owe their existence to the ‘invention’ of their language by missionaries who created a written dialect—based on one or more vernacular(s)—into which they translated the Bible. This language came to be used for education in mission schools and later also in government schools. The Bible dialect consequently became the accepted standard language of the ethnic group and acquired the function of one of the group's prime identity markers.In the case of the Igbo language, the history of the CMS missionaries' efforts at creating a written standard Igbo shows that the process was not always straightforward. The article describes the problematic process of creating a written language. The missionaries undertook continual attempts on the basis of several dialects, but it was half a century before they produced the first translation of the Bible. They complicated matters by working in different dialects, but eventually created a standard dialect which they named Union Ibo, a mixture based on several Igbo dialects.The missionaries were also confronted with resistance from at least part of the Igbo population, who contested their choice of dialect. However, it appears that the majority of the Igbo were simply not interested. The Igbo population were far more interested in education in English, and although the CMS missionaries forced some vernacular education upon the people, actual interest remained limited. It is thus not surprising that the Bible language did not become the accepted standard language of the Igbo ethnic group. The spoken Igbo language does nevertheless function as one of the prime identity markers of the group. The article argues that the importance of the Igbo language to Igbo identity is partly the result of the missionary activity.
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Abana, Ifeoma, and Obiora Eke. "Postproverbials in Igbo Language." Matatu 51, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05102012.
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Abstract This treatise assesses the pragmatic implicature derived during the use of postproverbials in Igbo language and culture. Igbo proverbs have been so much studied that it would certainly be monotonous for a paroemiographer to resume making belated significance of Igbo speculations on the meaning and essence of a proverb. It is a glaring fact that that there is virtually no substantial controversy about the importance of proverbs in culture and the significance of proverbs in Igbo traditional society as a repository and verbal effulgence of wisdom is indeed proverbial. This study relies on Austin’s pragmatic theory of speech acts, conversational implicature and presupposition. The data is drawn from oral interview conducted by the researchers on ten Igbo elders with the aim of unraveling the linguistic idiosyncrasies associated with the connotation of postproverbials as it relates to different contextual usages. The paper will look at the development of this threat to the fixability of Igbo proverbs, the normative rapture and by extension establish the presence of “new” proverbs with new syntactic forms, new meanings and perhaps, new values. The analytic emphasis is based on the type of transformation, the shift in the construction of users. This paper concludes that postproverbiality is situated in the dynamic space of informal speech of a younger and adventurous generation.
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PREZI, Grace. "Language Attitudes of the Igbo: A Threat to the Igbo Language." Styles of Communication 14, no. 1 (July 7, 2022): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31178/sc.14.1.04.
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Dom-Anyamu, Benjamin F.C Nwokedi, and Eneremadu Queen Esther Chioma. "Dialect Variations the Enrichment of Standard Igbo Language: A Linguistic Study." International Journal of Sustainable Applied Sciences 1, no. 5 (November 30, 2023): 611–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.59890/ijsas.v1i5.764.
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Historically, many languages of the world evolved their standard forms through centralized control or political unity. Considering the decentralized natured of the Igbo unity, the dream evolving a standard form through much means, remains a mirage and unrealistic. Therefore, Igbo scholars are forced with the task of achieved this goal, we must used what we have to get what we want. In other words, we cannot enrich the evolving standard Igbo by using the dialectal variants in the language. Igbo dialectal variation and the dialect variants as synonyms, with comparative study of five dialects: Owerri, oguuta, Afikpo, Nnewi and Ngwa (ibeme) at the phonological, morphological and syntactic levels. The paper discuss the standard Igbo vis-a- vis dialects and meta-language as the tool for its enrichment which consist of the effect of dialectal variation, including the conclusion and recommendations made that rather than being a conclusive linguistic study on dialectal variation for the enrichment of standard Igbo, would serve as a stimulus for further intensive researches.
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Obianika, Chinwe E., and Mercy Agha Onu. "Acculturation of Knowledge through Sustainable Language Engineering for National Development: The Case of Igbo." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 17 (June 29, 2016): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n17p373.
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The aim of this study is to find out the possible ways of domesticating knowledge gained through western education by the Igbo through sustainable language development. It also aims to make the knowledge accessible in the Igbo language for empowerment at the grassroots and ultimately for societal and national development. The need for this work is born out of the observation that the Igbo, as well as other tribes in Nigeria are rich with internationally acclaimed learned personalities. These personalities have distinguished themselves in various fields of human endeavor. Also, these achievements are made in foreign languages. Subsequently, these achievements have led to an increase in the relevance of such languages to the relegation of the scholars’ own mother tongues and invariably their own people. By using the descriptive and inferential methods, the paper presents some neologism processes which non linguists can apply in their various academic fields. Also, they can come up with terminologies in the Igbo language for presenting relevant academic materials for use in teaching and learning the Igbo language. The use of these terminologies could be formal or informal as the need arises. Thus, these processes include extra-language borrowing, loan translations, intra-language borrowing, and specialization of dialectal phonological variants. Previously, metalanguage development efforts by governments had bypassed these professionals. Also, they have focused on developing the terminologies through linguists and selected professionals alone. This has resulted to the terminologies not being accessible to the intended end users. Among other things, this paper suggests that the call for the acculturation of knowledge and the processes of embarking on it should be made public in all institutions of higher education. This is carried out in the Igbo culture area and later extended to the Igbo in diaspora. However, the co-ordination of the process of the formalization of the terminologies should be left in the hands of the Igbo Studies Association (ISA). This official regulating body ensures the maintenance of professional standards and uniformity of usage.
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Chukwuelobe, Matthew C. "Language and Igbo Philosophy." Philosophy Today 39, no. 1 (1995): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday199539128.
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Francis, OBITUBE, Kelvin, and OKEKE, Chukwuma Onyebuchi. "Sociolinguistic-cum-pedagogic Implications of Anglicisation: Evidence from Igbo Toponyms." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0904.03.
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Naturally, a group’s urge to protect all aspects of its language against negative sociolinguistic influences is a task carried out with all dedication because a group’s language identifies them, tells their story and showcases their cultural heritage. Presently, Igbo toponyms are seriously threatened by anglicisation. The paper’s main objectives are to highlight the various forms of anglicisation observed in Igbo toponyms, their negative influences on the Igbo language, and how to overcome this negative sociolinguistic phenomenon. The paper adopts a qualitative analysis approach; and observes that Igbo toponyms are actually anglicised, following the trend left by the British by adding ‘r’, ‘h’, ‘aw’, etc., with negative effects such as wrong spelling and meanings of Igbo toponyms, loss of history and cultural heritage of the Igbo etc. If this negative sociolinguistic phenomenon is left unchecked, potential loss of some letters of the Igbo alphabet and the Igbo language endangerment, are imminent.
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Oweleke, Esther N. "Igbo dialects and the citation-form: the possibility of a standard Igbo dictionary." AFRREV LALIGENS: An International Journal of Language, Literature and Gender Studies 9, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/laligens.v9i1.9.
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It is the norm in lexicography to have dictionary headwords in the standard variety of the language. But up to date, no Igbo dictionary exists in this variety. Most Igbo lexicographers have adopted the dialectal or multidialectal approach in their choice of a citation-form. The multiplicity of Igbo dialects accounts for this situation. This paper examines both sound and lexical variations in the language; describes the lexicographic problems of choice and arrangement of headwords, and discusses the suitability of the Igbo dictionary as a tool for standardizing the language. Two major sources of data were employed: the modified Ibadan 400 wordlist of basic items - used for a survey of the seven dialect zones identified by Manfredi (1989), and the dictionaries of Welmers and Welmers (1968), Williamson (1972), Igwe (1999) and Echeruo (2001). The paper demonstrated that sound and lexical variants in Igbo can be harnessed by Igbo lexicographers to produce an Igbo dictionary in the standard variety. Considering the optimal benefits derivable from a standard dictionary, the following suggestions for future Igbo lexicographers are proffered: words from different dialects of the language should be included in the dictionary; the standard forms be selected and consistently entered as headwords. Words with sound variation should be treated as sub-entries and lexical variants be cited as main-entries in their right alphabetical positions. The paper argued that, for the Igbo dictionary to fulfil its indispensable role as a language standardizing tool, the production of a Standard Igbo dictionary is imperative in Igbo lexicography and Igbo language studies.
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Nnaemedo, Bartholomew. "MONSIGNOR PROFESSOR SIMON O ANYANWU'S CALL FOR A DAILY CATHOLIC NEWSPAPER IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR IGBO LANGUAGE PROMOTION." International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science 06, no. 03 (2023): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54922/ijehss.2023.0518.
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Msgr Prof Simon Anyanwu, in his work, Igbo Catholicism on the Move, called for a daily Catholic newspaper in Southeast Nigeria. This paper investigates the implications of that call for Igbo language promotion. Specifically, it aims to portray how implementing that clarion call would promote Igbo language documentation, preservation, maintenance, development, propagation, revitalisation, renaissance, and hybridisation. The primary data sources are the work mentioned above and interviews, while the library and the internet are the secondary sources. The theoretical framework is Joshua Fishman's theory of revising language shift. The data analysis and interpretation methods are descriptive, analytical, and hermeneutical. However, the finding indicates his advocacy for a daily Catholic newspaper is implicitly Igbo language-promoting. Thus, this paper recommends that the proposed newspaper promote the Igbo language unreservedly and simultaneously translate to running Igbo and English versions.
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Oyali, Uchenna. "Bible translation and lexical elaboration." Sociolinguistic Studies 17, no. 1-3 (August 7, 2023): 205–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/sols.24055.
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This study investigates how the translation of the word ‘virgin’ in the Igbo Bible has expanded the Igbo lexicon and how this lexical enrichment has spread among Igbo speakers. Although prior to their encounter with Christian missionaries in the 19th century and the subsequent translation of the Bible into Igbo, Igbo people had words that referred to virgin, these words were polysemous as they were also used for young and unmarried persons. In the course of translating the Bible into Igbo, Christian missionaries transferred the biblical euphemism for sex, ‘to know’, into the Igbo Bible and used same to innovate terms for ‘virgin’, thereby distinguishing a virgin from an unmarried or young person who might have had sex. Adapting the concept of language elaboration, this study analyses the lexical processes involved in creating these new terms. Then it presents findings from a questionnaire survey on the spread of the innovated terms among Igbo speakers. The survey findings demonstrate that the biblical innovations have not only spread among Igbo speakers but also became a springboard for further lexical innovations. This article accentuates the impact of Bible translation in reshaping the Igbo language. It also reveals the involvement of the language users in the process of language change.
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Onuoha, Ogbonna. "Reimagining the Role of Stakeholders in the Development and Entrenchment of Igbo Language and Culture." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation X, no. XI (2023): 346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2023.1011029.
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The main thrust of this paper is to bring to the fore, the inevitable role stakeholders, including the family, government and government agencies, Ohaneze Ndi Igbo, Igbo language educators and researchers, as well as International agencies like the UNESCO, could play towards the growth of Igbo language and culture in this age. We adopted the descriptive/qualitative research paradigm in reviewing available literature on the subject, in terms of what were and what are expected. The findings from this study show that, contrary to the pessimism of some scholars and or organizations, the Igbo language and culture are not so threatened, but require greater push by their stakeholders, to expand to the frontiers of their development, through formal and informal applications. We conclude that what is needed now is for experts in the language and culture to review the content of the existing roadmap to stability in the speaking, study, research, printing/publishing and engineering, in Igbo language and culture. Implementation of the outlined roles, rather than repeated theorizing and controversy, is key towards activating the development and entrenchment of Igbo language and culture, to enable the inseparable duo (Igbo Language and culture), to fulfill their functions, at all levels of their owners’ and users’ situations and applications.
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Okoye, Adaobi Ngozi. "Posture Verbs in Igbo." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1008.01.
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Studies on posture verbs in other languages suggest that speakers use posture verbs to describe the position of objects thus revealing the varied conceptualization of entities in space among languages. Despite these diverse conceptualizations, the studies have identified the verbs sit; stand and lie as key members of the posture verb class (Newman 2002, Lemmens 2002, Atintono 2012). In the present study, verbs that indicate the positions of entities in space are explored in the Igbo language. The study specifically seeks to identify the members of this verb class, ascertain if there are specific conceptualizations that can affect the posture used within a given context in addition to determining whether the verbs apply to animate and inanimate entities. Data for the study were elicited from native speakers of the Igbo language adapting the Max Plancks picture series for positional verbs comprising series of photographs of objects in specific configurations. Other strategies devised by the researcher also formed sources of data for the study. From the analysis of the collected data, the initial findings of the study show that nò̩du̩ ‘sit’, kwu̩ru̩ ‘stand, dinà ‘lie’ , tú̩kwù̩ ‘squat’ amongst others constitute Igbo verbs denoting posture. In addition, the study posits multiple verbs for different varieties of the Igbo posture verb dinà ‘lie’.
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Onuh, Christiana Nneoma. "Impact of Social Media Technology in The Development of Igbo Langauge Among University Students: A Study of Imo State University Students." British Journal of English Language Linguistics 10, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 12–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bjel.2013/vol10n31229.
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The paper studied the potential of using social media in the teaching and learning of Igbo language among linguistics students of Imo State University, Owerri. Igbo language is native to Igbo race of Nigeria. Descriptive method, involving questionnaires, were distributed to 140 Igbo linguistics students in the university. Data collected were analysed using SPSS package into percentages and means scores. Results showed students are aware of the existence of social media. Students strongly agreed that social media can be used in the teaching and learning Igbo. But factors, such as cost and poor internet connectivity, unavailability of Igbo modules, and lack of computer sets with Igbo vowels are limiting factors. Therefore, the university can provide free internet services for students. Igbo Modules can be prepared uploaded to the internet. Computer sets and keyboards with Igbo vowels can be manufactured.
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Nwigwe, Nwakaego. "Needs Assessment and Analysis in Learning Material Development for Igbo L2 Learners at the Upper Basic Levels in Ebonyi State." British Journal of Education 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 16–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bje.2013/vol12n31632.
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The study is an action research that undertook a needs analysis and assessment prior to the development of a learning material for Igbo L2 learners at the Upper Basic Level I (JssI). It is helpful to understand learners’ needs and get data from them before any learning material could be developed. It is also necessary to know what the learners’ objectives are, their needs, interests, expectations, background experiences in order to develop the material that would meet the needs of the learners. This study discusses the importance of knowing learners’ needs and to use same as a starting points in designing a learning material for them. The study is a descriptive survey research design that used questionnaires, Oral and written Igbo tests (OWIT) to elicit vital information from the respondents about their age, ethnic group, first language spoken, their level of competence in Igbo language, purposes for learning Igbo, situations for Igbo language use, language skills which learners most wish to develop and finally, the communicative activities they should be able to perform in Igbo language. The above information from the needs analysis and assessment guided the researcher in developing a learning material that is responsive to the needs and aspirations of learners of Igbo as a second Nigerian Language.
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Ezejideaku, Emmanuel, and Esther Nkiru Ugwu. "Igbo English in the Nigerian video film." English World-Wide 30, no. 1 (February 17, 2009): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.30.1.04eze.
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This paper examines the use of Igbo English, one of the ethnic varieties of Nigerian English, in the Nigerian video film. By Nigerian video film, we mean video films produced in, and/or about Nigeria in English as opposed to those produced in Nigerian indigenous languages which are variously known as Igbo video films, Yoruba video films, or Edo video films, among others. The data for this study come from a random selection from video films produced in Nigeria between 2003 and 2006. In all the films studied, it is observed that Igbo English is essentially the medium of communication. Igbo English is one of the three major ethnic varieties of Nigerian English and is characterized by the fact that, while the vocabulary is mostly English, the sentence pattern is essentially Igbo. The choice of Igbo English as the medium for the films seems to be part of the efforts by the producers to retain, as much as possible, the “Nigerianness” of the films, which inevitably have to be produced in English to accommodate the international audience. This study observes that Igbo English, as used in the films studied, manifests itself in four forms: Igbo English proper, composed of English vocabulary in Igbo sentence structure; Engligbo, a form of code-mixing that is almost a fifty-fifty blend of English and Igbo; translation, in which Igbo idiomatic and other rhetorical expressions are transferred literally into English; and errors induced by the influence of the mother tongue (Igbo) on English.
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Ikekeonwu, Clara I. "Igbo." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21, no. 2 (December 1991): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300004473.
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Nwankwere, Angela Ụ. N., Benjamin I. Mmadike, and Cecilia A. Eme. "Safeguarding the Igbo language through teaching Igbo children in diaspora." OGIRISI: a New Journal of African Studies 13, no. 1 (September 15, 2017): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/og.v13i1.9.
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Uwasomba Ph.D, Blessing Ugochi. "Relativization in Ikwuano Dialect of Igbo." English Language Teaching and Linguistics Studies 6, no. 1 (February 15, 2024): p129. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v6n1p129.
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This paper examines relativization in Ikwuano Igbo. The problem of word order and the selectional rule for grammaticality in the realization of semantic affinity that exist in sentence construction cannot be ignored. This study investigates the embedding features that make sentential structures to be embedded in other sentences. The relative pronouns found in Ikwuano Igbo include; “ónyé- who,whom”, “nkè- which”, “nà- that”, “mà- whether”, “kà- that”. The relative pronoun occurs as the subject of a relative clause making it to be grammatical. The theoretical framework adopted by this study is the embedding principle of “Principles and Parameters”. This theory is a brain child of Noam Chomsky. This study takes a descriptive approach of language analysis. The data for this paper is elicited utterances by adult native speakers and intuition from the researcher. The aim of this paper is to examine relativization in Ikwuano Igbo with a view to establishing the Ikwuano strategy. This paper explains the motivation for the relative pronoun strategy and its behavior in the language. This study reveals that relativization in Ikwuano Igbo remains the most productive strategy in Igbo and many other languages for grammaticality. The study shows that relativization performs an emphatic function in the grammatical structure of Ikwuano Igbo.
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Igboanusi, Herbert. "Is Igbo an endangered language?" Multilingua - Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication 25, no. 4 (January 1, 2006): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/multi.2006.023.
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Fulford, Ben. "AN IGBO ESPERANTO: A HISTORY OF THE UNION IBO BIBLE 1900-1950." Journal of Religion in Africa 32, no. 4 (2002): 457–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006602321107658.
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AbstractThe Union Ibo Bible was more or less the Bible for the Igbo people of southern Nigeria from 1909 to 1970. The creation of Thomas Dennis of the Church Missionary Society and his co-workers, it has been, since its first conception in 1905, a source of ongoing controversy: the development and unification of the Igbo language was at stake. This article re-examines the history of this Bible, its conception, translation and early reception, and argues that the source of its shortcomings lies deeper than the method of translation or the contemporary Igbo desire to learn English. The Union Bible is the product of the missionary conception, fleshed out by a comparison with the Yoruba, of a single Igbo people speaking a single language. The failure of that translation is the result of the premise consequent to this conception of the Igbo, namely that the Igbo language was ready to be 'united'.
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Oyali, Uchenna. "The Retranslation Hypothesis and Lexical Borrowings in Bible Translations into Igbo." Lebende Sprachen 63, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2018-0005.
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AbstractIn this paper, I explore the validity of the retranslation hypothesis – that the first translation of a text tends to be more target culture oriented than subsequent translations – in representations of certain Biblical concepts in the translations of the Bible into Igbo. Specifically I investigate instances of lexical borrowings in the first complete translation of the Bible into Igbo because, following from the hypothesis, subsequent translations of the Bible should also borrow the same items. I discover that most of the borrowings in the first translation are de-borrowed in the retranslations, while the retained borrowings undergo various forms of grapho-phonological adjustments to reflect the Igbo linguistic system. Thus, the retranslation hypothesis is not validated in this study. I trace this choice of indigenization in the subsequent translations to the agents involved in the translations. Being specialists in Igbo Studies, they understand the Igbo linguistic system better than the agents of the first translation who were mainly European missionaries with little knowledge of the language system. Unlike the missionaries, these Igbo agents are not only interested in having the Bible in Igbo, but also in having it in an Igbo that is in sync with the way the language is actually used.
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Nwankwo, Onyinye A. "Towards a specialised digital monolingual Igbo dictionary on crop cultivation." IKENGA International Journal of Institute of African Studies 23, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53836/ijia/2022/23/2/011.
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The monolingual dictionary as an essential language compendium preserved culture specific ideas. In a technologically driven society where visual platform enhanced comprehension, monolingual dictionary presents careful and detailed information on the usage patterns of a given language. This promotes longevity of historic peculiarities for generational connect. Yet, there is a dearth of such dictionaries in the Igbo language. Therefore, this study sets to explore an e- monolingual dictionary model for the Igbo language on crop cultivation. Data were primarily sourced from field work whereas published literature and internet materials comprised the secondary sources of information. While the Function Theory of Lexicography was adopted for the pre-data compilation and presentation, the lexiquepro was used for the post compilation stage of the dictionary. This model avails researchers and learners the opportunity to globally access appropriate lexemes within the Igbo crop cultivation domain. Furthermore, Igbo children (at home and in diaspora) would have been provided with a visual platform to acquaint with specialised traditional Igbo farming practices, values and systems. Consequently, the longevity of the use of Igbo terms associated with traditional farming practices is revitalised among the younger ones. This study suggested that such platforms be provided for other areas of Igbo cultural practices such as pottery, health, blacksmithing, and performances to aid Translators, Terminologists and text writers appropriately convey their messages as well.
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Okpaleke, Ikenna Paschal. "The Rhythm of Communal Identity." Secular Studies 3, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25892525-bja10025.
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Abstract The relationship between language, music and cultural identity has always been of special interest in the social sciences, especially in the areas of anthropology, social psychology and ethnomusicology. The main argument revolves on how language reflected through music positively impacts on the identity of a social group, and what happens where this is lacking. Cultures die and languages go into extinction when there are no creative ways of keeping them alive. The aim of this essay is to investigate how the culture and language of a particular society could be safeguarded through music. Beyond the theoretical framework, I shall substantiate this investigation with the example of the Igbo people of Southeastern Nigeria, whose cultural identity is seriously threatened by the lack of interest in the local language among the people. Part of this disinterestedness is caused by the unique tendency of Igbo people to travel outside their original communities and to culturally adapt in their diaspora communities. This essay therefore aims at a) addressing this problem of identity through a sociological analysis of communal identity, and b) seeking how identity could be rediscovered through music that is delivered in a local language, illustrated with the example of Igbo cultural group. It is hoped that such analysis would aid in presenting another means of safeguarding endangered local languages, which invariably has a lot of implications for the cultural identity of the group involved. Of course, the analysis that is advanced here is not limited to the Igbo since the argument is based on a general epistemological function of music and language with respect to cultural identity.
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Onwukwe, Chimaobi, and Nkechinyere Iwe. "Diphthongs in Igbo? Language Contact in the Igbo and Anaang Borderlands." Language Matters 52, no. 2 (May 4, 2021): 96–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10228195.2021.1936138.
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Uguru, Joy Oluchi. "Ika Igbo." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 45, no. 2 (July 20, 2015): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100315000067.
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Ika is a dialect of the Igbo language spoken in Ika South and Ika North East Local Government Areas of Delta State and the Igbanke area of Edo State in Nigeria. It belongs to the Niger Igbo cluster of dialects (Ikekeonwu 1986) spoken in areas bordering the west of the River Niger; Nwaozuzu (2008) refers to these dialects as West Niger Group of Dialects. A word list of Ika, written by Williamson (1968), was one of the earliest works on Ika and she points out in that work that Ika (and Ukwuani), though regarded as dialects of Igbo, are treated as separate on purely linguistic grounds. Ika phonology differs from that of Standard Igbo and other Igbo dialects and this is why the study of Ika has been of major interest to Igbo linguists in recent years. There have been moves to grant Ika a language status, as seen in the assignment of a unique reference code to Ika: the ISO language code for Ika is ISO 639–3 ikk while that for Igbo is ISO 639–3 ibo. Standard Igbo has the same consonants as Ika though the latter has two consonants, /ʃ/and/ʒ/, which do not exist in the Standard dialect. However, the vocalic system of Ika is largely different from that of Standard and some Igbo dialects which have eight vowels. Ika has a nine-vowel system which includes the schwa, which is a variant of some vowels. Furthermore, it has nine nasal vowels; Standard Igbo and other dialects of Igbo have no nasal vowels. Ika manifests intonation in addition to lexical tone. Standard Igbo and other Igbo dialects do not manifest intonation in the same way as Ika does; that is, they do not express attitudes and emotions through intonation. They manifest only lexical tone. In an earlier study of Northern Igbo dialects, Ikekeonwu (1986) could only discover the existence of upstep in Abakaliki dialect. Okorji (1991) and Egbeji (1999) have studied the intonation of Umuchu, an inland West dialect of Igbo. Their findings, particularly Egbeji’s, show that a declarative sentence can be changed to an interrogative one (repetitive question) by use of intonation. This is a syntactic function which can also be likened to what happens in Standard and most other Igbo dialects where the tone of the pronominal subject changes from high to low in the indication of interrogation. At present, therefore, there appears to be no evidence that attitudes and emotions can be expressed through intonation in Umuchu and other Igbo dialects as is observed in Ika.
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Okoko, Charles Okeke, Kenneth Oforji, Cosmas Ikechukwu Ahamefule, and Benson Mgbowaji Romokere. "Ethnicity, Monopolistic Closure, Shifting Inuendoes of Language and Restiveness: A Historicization." British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies 4, no. 6 (December 1, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0346.
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Languages spoken by the agglomerating ethnic groups in Nigeria instanced monopolistic closures. These closures were political, linguistic, socio-religious and settlement patterns. Regarding settlement patterns, Nigerians from particular ethnic groups tended to aggregate to live in defined patches of urban centres. For instance, are the Hausa quarters (Ama Awusa) or the Gariki in Igboland; Sabon Gari (where peoples from Eastern Nigeria or, particularly, the Igbo lived in Kano) in Northern Nigeria; the Munchi (from Tivland or the Tiv) in the Middle Belt of Nigeria; the Omumini ajaokuta (those who could eat stone without drinking water, referring to the Igbo) in Yorubaland; and Ndi ofe manu, referring to the Yoruba by the Igbo. There were equally day-to-day spoken monopolistic closures, such as “I bi Warri pikin” (I am a Warri youth) and “Ima kwa ndi anyi bu” (Do you know who we are by Igbo youths). Individuals and groups used their spoken languages to create barriers and monopolistic closures through voiced innuendoes against perceived, real or imagined marginalization, which became rife when the majoritarian and minoritarian concepts were blown out of proportion by Nigeria’s political elite. A worst-case closure manifested after the Biafra-Nigeria Civil War, when the Igbo, a hitherto majority group in the then Nigerian tripod of the Igbo, Huasa/Fulani and Yoruba majoritarian(s) umbrella became drowned into a minority through a gang-up of all the minority groups in the South-south and the South-south east. Ever since, the Igbo cried out to be marginalized. The paper concluded that the events in the political and socio-economic landscape of Nigeria were ethnically and politically motivated; and clinically underpinned by languages and their speakers. The paper was written with primary sources while secondary sources served subsidiary and complementary purposes.
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Chineze, Nwagalaku, Obiora Harriet Chinyere, and Christopher Chinedu Nwike. "Linguistic Variation and Change in Nawfija Speech Community." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 12, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 741–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1205.13.
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The focus of this study is on linguistic change and variation in the Nawfija speech community. It distinguished dialect from other similar words and contrasted the traditional Igbo dialect with the Nawfija dialect of the Igbo language on an equal footing. The types of dialectal variations found in the Igbo Nawfija dialect were investigated in this study, as well as the question of dialect supremacy. For the creation of standard Igbo, some suggestions have been made.
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Uche, Ifeanyi. "Interaction in reading comprehension in the English and Igbo classroom." African Educational Research Journal 12, no. 2 (May 31, 2024): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30918/aerj.122.24.023.
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This is a case study of classroom interaction of SSS1 English and Igbo in reading comprehension at Premier Secondary School, Aba, Nigeria. The purpose is to determine whether interaction in reading comprehension in English and Igbo is constrained by language in terms of interaction patterns, style and culture. The class sessions were described using Sinclair and Coulthard’s (1992) model of class interaction. The findings reveal that interaction patterns are similar. However, patterns that were specific to languages were in the form of cultural transfer, circumlocutions characteristic of Igbo as opposed to precision in English, and excessive exhibition of teacher’s authority. The study recommends that teachers in language classrooms should engage the students in interesting interactions that encourage active participation and reduce the rate of harsh responses and negative feedback as they can be inhibitive to students’ participation.
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Chukwudebelu, Ifeanyi A., and Ebele Deborah Uba. "The Role of the Igbo Language Translators in Promoting Literacy, Moral Values, and Christianity: A Comprehensive Study in Igbo Society." June-July 2024, no. 44 (July 17, 2024): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jlls.44.29.40.
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This research investigates the significant contributions of the Igbo language translators to promoting literacy, moral values, and Christianity within the Igbo community. It explores how the language serves as a conduit for transmitting cultural heritage, ethical principles, and religious teachings, shaping individuals' moral fabric and spiritual growth. The study examines the role of translators in bridging linguistic and cultural gaps, facilitating access to literacy materials and religious texts, and promoting effective communication within the community. Historical and contemporary perspectives on using the Igbo language in educational settings and religious institutions are analyzed to uncover challenges and opportunities associated with promoting literacy and Christian teachings. The impact of globalization, technology, and socio-economic factors on language use and cultural and religious knowledge transmission is also investigated. Through empirical analysis and qualitative research methods, the study provides insights into the dynamic relationship between language, literacy, morality, and Christianity in Igbo society, with implications for educational practices, community development, and cultural preservation.
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Chukwu, Benadette Chinasaokwu. "Role of Igbo Language as Indices in Curbing Modern Day Slavery." International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Science (IJ-HuMaSS) 6, no. 1 (June 24, 2023): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0601.522.
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Slavery has existed in many countries of the world, and it continues to cause a lot of untold hardships to its victims. Modern day slavery manifests through forced labour, sexual exploitation, human trafficking, neocolonialism etc. These widespread problems across Igbo land and globe are still in existence despite Government efforts to curb it through the 1999 Constitution at article 34.1(b) which declares that no person shall be held in slavery and in the criminal code Act which criminalizes slavery dealing under section 369. Also National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP), Legislation providing for the rights and protection of children in Nigeria- Child Right Act (2003), the ugly situation has been on the increase. This paper therefore, sees the use of Igbo language as a tool to curb modern day slavery in Igbo land through various agencies like the family, school and church via mass media, folktales etc. The paper further looks into the negative effects and consequences of modern day slavery in the society. The study adopts qualitative research design because it identifies and structurally analysed the use of Igbo language in curbing modern day slavery in Igbo land. The method of data collection include: primary and secondary sources. The primary sources include: introspection i.e. the researcher’s intuitive knowledge of Igbo language and culture, oral interview and observation technique while the secondary sources include: data from relevant books, journals, and internet materials. Finally, the paper gives some recommendations that can help check and contain slavery in this modern time.
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Onwukwe, Chimaobi. "Anthropolinguistic Analysis of Igbo Metaphorical Expressions." Anthropos 115, no. 1 (2020): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2020-1-107.
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The study examines metaphorical expressions in Igbo. It specifically analyzes the linguistic and cultural values, and beliefs in Igbo metaphors. The study adopted the Key Informant Interview method in data collection as well as introspection as a native speaker of Igbo. It was discovered that interpretation of Igbo metaphorical expressions involves the linguistic features of implicature, inference and referencing well as understanding of the cultural nuances of the referents used in Igbo metaphors. The study identified that metaphorical expressions concretize the Igbo worldview. This worldview, beliefs and values are represented in the cultural connotations of referents of Igbo metaphors. The study identified some referents with their cultural connotations such as animals, and natural/physical objects. The author concludes that understanding of metaphor in Igbo entails knowledge of cultural and contextual nuances of the referent of the metaphor in the Igbo language and culture.
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Onuoha, Chinenye Esther, and Ebele Deborah Uba. "An analysis of minimal pairs in Igbo using a multimodal approach to speech perception." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 25, no. 1 (June 21, 2024): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v25i1.2.
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Speech perception is the process by which the sounds of a language are heard, interpreted and understood. The traditional assumption that language is an auditory phenomenon was over ruled by the McGurk effect which proved by the use of experiment that visual signal also assists the auditory signal in the perception of speech sounds of a language. This work aims at examining minimal pairs in Igbo to determine if this theory of multimodal (audio-visual) perception of speech is applicable. The minimal pairs used in this work are extracted ten Igbo native speakers comprising of six females and four males, and from existing Igbo literature on minimal pairs while some are by introspection of the researchers as native speakers of the language under study. The variety of Igbo used in this work is the standard Igbo which is the variety of the variety that is officially recognized. For data analysis, the Multimodal Theory of speech perception was applied. Findings indicate that the native speakers of Igbo do not use visual information in order to properly perceive the sounds of their language, even those that are minimal pairs. The work concludes that the need for visual information for adequate identification, perception and comprehension of speech sounds cannot be said to be a general phenomenon since native speakers of a language could without the visual information, perceive and identify their speech sounds when audio recorded not minding the confusion that usually arises with minimal pairs. This work suggests that the Multimodal Theory of speech perception may only be applied when working with non-native or non-fluent speakers of a language.
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Onu, Mercy Agha, Roseline Egwu, and Emeka Iwunze. "Challenges and Prospects of Translating Scientific-Technical Concepts into Igbo: The Case of an English-Igbo Translation of selected texts from Nosiri and Nwaogwugwu’s Pharmacology." African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v17i1.5.
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This paper on translation studies, involving the practical translation of the aforementioned texts, accompanied with a justificative analysis of the translation techniques adopted in the operation, is envisioned to contribute to efforts to bridge the language barriers to the transfer of scientific knowledge from English to Igbo, on one hand, and the spread of scientific information across the different language and cultural communities of the world, on the other hand. it is also targeted at arousing the interests of the students of Igbo, especially in Nigerian tertiary institutions, with its potentials to be a tool in their hands both as stakeholders in the project of promoting Igbo language and culture and prospective partners of electronic and other mass media practitioners, for the orientation of the illiterate Igbo population on drugs and their applications in healthcare. The practical aspect of the study is based on the interpretative and skopos theories of translation. Methodologically, the study follows the traditional translation process of the assimilation of the content of the source language text, the mental conversion of the textual content into the target language, the practical drafting of the perceived equivalent message of the source language text in the target language, and subjecting the translated text to verification, to ensure as much its closeness to the original text as possible. The study further reflects on the typology of the original text and advocates a recourse to the transemic approach to the translation of texts of such type, highlighting lack or paucity of equivalent terms in Igbo for the expression of scientific concepts and conclusively underscoring the imperative of terminological researches in Igbo, in the various fields of science and technology.
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Nwigwe, Nwakaego, and N. O. Obeka. "Communicative Approach in Developing the Oral Communicative Ability of Igbo L2 Learners at The Upper Basic Level in Ebonyi State, Nigeria." British Journal of Education 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bje.2013/vol12n3815.
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It has been observed that Igbo L2 curriculum has not been promoting the major objective assigned to it, namely, to inculcate in Igbo L2 learners’ communicative competence in Igbo language. This study investigated the effectiveness of communicative approach on oral communicative ability of Igbo L2 learners at the upper Basic level. The quasi-experimental research design involving non-randomized experimental research design. Two research questions and one null hypothesis guided the study. The sample for the study consisted of ninety (90) Jss II Igbo L2 learners drawn from two intact classes in Ebonyi Local Government Area of Ebonyi State. Igbo L2 learners were taught for six weeks (6) using the communicative approach. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test statistics was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that L2 Igbo learners taught with communicative approach achieved higher in their communicative ability than those taught with conventional method. The study, therefore recommends that teachers of Igbo as a second language should adopt a communicative approach in teaching. They should combine dialogue, games, contests, role play and songs so as to motivate learners and make their lessons very interesting.
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Christian Aboh, Sopuruchi, and Amarachi Jennifer Onuorah. "Semelfactivity in Igbo." Macrolinguistics 8, no. 13 (December 30, 2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26478/ja2020.8.13.4.
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This paper examines semelfactivity in the Igbo language. It seeks to highlight semelfactive verbs and other semelfactive sentential elements. The data for the study were obtained through introspection which were confirmed by two native speakers of Igbo and were analysed descriptively. From the study, it was discovered that the semelfactive verbs in Igbo that co-occur with bound verb complements for emphasis are takwu ‘whisper’, lo ‘swallow’, nwụ ‘die’ and hụpe ‘glimpse’ whereas kọ ‘scratch’, tabi ‘blink’, ze ‘sneeze’, kụ ‘knock’, ti ‘shout’, wuli ‘jump’ (wu ‘jump’. -li ‘upward’ as opposed to wuda ‘jump downwards)’, gba ‘kick’, nyụ ‘fart’ and kwa ‘cough’ that take inherent complement verbs. The research also revealed that na mberede ‘suddenly’ and na ntabi anya ‘in a twinkle of an eye’ are semelfactive adverbials in the Igbo language. Based on the findings, the paper concludes that in Igbo, semelfactivity entails a one-time action and a spontaneous or instantaneous action.
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Mmadike, B. I., A. Ụ. N. Nwankwere, and C. A. Eme. "Eclecticism in the Igbo language classroom." AFRREV LALIGENS: An International Journal of Language, Literature and Gender Studies 6, no. 2 (September 15, 2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/laligens.v6i2.8.
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Oluikpe, Esther N. "Igbo language research: Yesterday and today." Language Matters 45, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 110–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10228195.2013.860185.
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Okeke, Chukwuma Onyebuchi, and Uchenna Modestus Egbuta. "Collocative meaning in the Igbo language." Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 35, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 331–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2017.1394201.
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Onuzulike, Uchenna. "Discussing the Igbo language on the Igbo Internet radio: Explicating ethnolinguistic vitality." Journal of African Media Studies 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jams.6.3.285_1.
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Egbara, Chukwudi Christian. "Of Proverbs and Postproverbial (Re)Constructions." Matatu 51, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 346–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05102009.
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Abstract This paper evaluates postproverbial (re)constructions of selected Igbo proverbs and the ‘altering alternatives’ regenerated from the original Igbo proverbs. Eighteen randomly selected Igbo proverbs, the proverbial expressions and their postproverbial (re)constructions were subjected to critical analysis. The study revealed that there are noticeable changings in rendering of the selected proverbs. These changings occur largely either due to lack of an in-depth knowledge in the usage of the traditional proverbs, disconnection with the custodians/sources of the Igbo proverbs, urbanisation influence on the Igbo speakers or both. Hence the manufacturing of the ‘altering alternatives’, known as postproverbials. The paper, therefore, urges Igbo language speakers and the would-be users, to draw closer by retracing their step in the choice and usage of Igbo proverbs against the near-overbearing influence of proverbials on the autochthonous, symbolic, semantic, and philosophical essence of Igbo traditional proverbs.
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Dozie, Chinomso P., and Emeka J. Otagburuagu. "Apology and Linguistic Politeness Strategies in English among Igbo Native Speakers in Nigeria: an Inter-language Study." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 5 (March 22, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.5p.1.
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The study sought to explore the conversational English politeness strategies used by Igbo learners of English in Nigeria. Through a purposive sampling process, a total of 3000 copies of questionnaire in the form of Discourse Completion Task (DCT) consisting of 10 different apology discourse situations positing extent of familiarity, hierarchy and degree of infraction were distributed to undergraduates of Igbo extraction at seven universities systematically selected from the South-East and South-South zones in Nigeria. In all, 2748 copies of questionnaire representing 92 percent were duly completed, returned, coded and analysed using the quantitative tool for analysis of production data. Findings demonstrated that the samples used politeness strategies very significantly in apology discourse. Also, the study revealed that apologies are conversational habits of Igbo bilinguals as the offenders willingly made an apology regardless of social differences and context which were also reflected in their choice of strategies as there was obvious transfer of the nuances of the first/native language/mother tongue to their target language production. The study established that apology realisation in an interlanguage context i.e. Igbo speaking learners of English necessarily bears the burden of native language transfer into target language. In conclusion, this study showed that because of the Igbo understanding that in human interactions, there are possibilities of instances of affront or outrage Igbo bilinguals adopted mainly the positive and negative forms of politeness strategies in apology discourse as the case may be to accomplish a conversational demand. The study found evidence to further dispute the universality of politeness and argued that politeness is culture-specific.
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Oboko, Uche, and Jennifer Umezinwa. "A Pragmemic Analysis of Igbo Postproverbials." Matatu 51, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 360–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05102010.
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Abstract Igbo proverbs (Ilu Igbo) are linguistic expressions which projects principles with the intent to address diverse social, political, economic and culturally contextual issues that bother on values, morals and the identity of the Igbo people of Eastern Nigeria. Proverbs are handed down to different generations by speech acts of storytelling, conversing, rebuking or admonishing. The researchers carried out a pragmatic analysis of Igbo proverbs as a social practice, to establish their meaning and how its social significance are internalized and continually recreated. Language is central to the process of producing meaning. Using the Theory of Pragmeme by Jacob Mey (2001), the paper evaluates the pragmatic acts, the extent to which some of these proverbs are reformed and doctored, yet, maintain qualities of the Igbo culture while accommodating the identity of the 21st century ideology of the Igbo people. Primary and secondary methods of data collection are adopted. Being a qualitative study, the research randomly selected 12 Igbo proverbs that cut across the five Igbo speaking states of eastern Nigeria. The findings are that Igbo proverbs are essentially custodians of the Igbo cultural identity and orientalism, most proverbs have been moderated to fit the emerging trends in the identity of the Igbo ancestry.
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Ọnwụdiwe, George. "Meaninglessness in language: the case of the Igbo language." OGIRISI: a New Journal of African Studies 13, no. 1 (September 15, 2017): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/og.v13i1.13.
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Nwaezeigwe, Nwankwo T. "The language factor in the politics of ethnic identity among the West Niger Igbo of Nigeria." Integrity Journal of Arts and Humanities 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/ijah2022.068.
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The West Niger Igbo forms one of the six sub-cultural groups of Igboland. The other five sub-groups include: Northern, Southern, Northeastern, or what Afigbo called Ogu-Ukwu, Southeastern or Cross River, and Riverain. In fact substantial parts of West Niger, Northern, and Southern sub-groups constitute the Riverain sub-group. Although all the six sub-groups have cultural interfaces at their borderlands with neighbouring ethnic groups which often generate multi-cultural identity characteristics, yet in most cases Igbo remains the major spoken language. Under such circumstances there has always been the question of identity definition founded on the three ethno-historical variables of origin, culture, and language. And among the six sub-groups there is nowhere this question of identity definition runs higher than among the West Niger Igbo. This question has often been centred on which among the three variables forms the fundamental basis of identity definition. In other words, what defines a man as an Igbo by ethnic classification? In this paper, we have decided to look into this fundamental question of identity definition among the West Niger Igbo in the midst of denials and counter-denials of Igbo identity by some members of the sub-group. It is expected that the work will go a long way in resolving some fundamental aspects of this intractable controversy. In pursuing this objective, the work adopts historical methodology constructed on diachronic approach within the circles of linguistic and ethnographical sources.
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Cheryl Amaka Udogu and Oluchukwu Felicia Asadu. "A critical analysis of Igbo-English translations in social media posts: A study of Twitter and Facebook." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 1 (July 30, 2023): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.19.1.1285.
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The purpose of this study is to conduct a critical analysis of posts and comments written in Igbo language on Facebook and Twitter, which are automatically translated into English upon user request. The main focus is to examine the accuracy of the translations provided by these social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, for posts written in Igbo. Additionally, the study aims to understand the challenges presented by language barriers in communication, shedding light on the linguistic and cultural differences between Igbo and English. Furthermore, the research aims to highlight the difficulties encountered by machine translation systems employed by these social media platforms and language learners when translating between Igbo and English. It also aims to identify areas that require improvement for future reference. Following Anthony Pym's proposed method of error analysis for translation analysis, the study endeavours to identify and rectify inconsistencies in automatic translations, enabling readers to grasp the intended message and contribute to the improvement of machine translation applications. Qualitative data was collected over a specific period from posts written in Igbo and automatically translated into English on Facebook and Twitter. The collected data was subjected to analysis. Results from the analysis show that these platforms need to make significant improvements in order to achieve better translation output.