Relevant bibliographies by topics / IgM antibodies

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'IgM antibodies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "IgM antibodies"

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Sharma, R., and Z. Woldehiwet. "Class-specific antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in experimentally infected lambs." Epidemiology and Infection 108, no. 1 (February 1992): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880004958x.

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SUMMARYEnzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) was used to titrate virus-specific IgG, IgM and IgA levels in nasal secretions, lung lavage fluids and serum samples sequentially obtained from lambs experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virus-specific IgG and IgM responses were measured by the indirect double antibody sandwich ELISA using anti-bovine RSV monoclonal antibody, as capture antibody, and peroxidase-conjugated anti-sheep IgG and anti-sheep IgM. Virus-specific IgA antibodies were measured by antibody capture assay using anti-sheep IgA (α–chain specific) and anti-bovine RSV monoclonal antibodies.Bovine RSV-specific IgM and IgA antibodies were detected in the serum samples within 6 days post-inoculation (p.i.). Virus-specific IgC antibodies appeared in serum samples 4 days later. In nasal secretions, IgA antibodies appeared 7 days p.i. but IgM antibodies were not detected until 12–16 days p.i. In serum samples, IgM titres were predominant for the first 2 weeks p.i. IgC titres becoming predominant thereafter. In nasal secretions and lung lavage fluids, IgA titres were significantly higher than IgM or IgG titres up to 21 days p.i. (0·01).
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Manzhos, M. V., E. S. Fedenko, M. A. Myagkova, B. A. Molotilov, S. A. Shkadov, S. N. Petrochenko, R. Yu Kiseleva, et al. "Influence of sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy on dynamics of immunological parameters in patients with pollinosis." Russian Journal of Allergy 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2009): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja1033.

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Background. To study the influence of sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy (slASIT) on dynamics of immunologic parameters in patients with pollinosis. Materials and methods. 40 healthy persons and 25 pollinosis patients received slASIT course with mixt of autumn grasses allergen. IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE antibodies, slgA, albumin in saliva and IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE antibodies, total IgE, IFN-γ, IL-4 in serum were investigated. Results. Patients with pollinosis have infringements of both local and general immunity. SlASIT changes a profile of cytokines aside Th-1, stimulates formation of the secretory allergen-specific antibodies, reduces IgE antibodies in saliva. Conclusion. SlASIT is a highly effective method of allergic diseases treatment and it induces B-cellular and T-cellular tolerance.
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Efimov, A. S., D. Ch Tajieva, and I. N. Pishel. "Immune mechanisms of development of diabetic nephropathy." Problems of Endocrinology 46, no. 5 (October 15, 2000): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11868.

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Changes in the levels of circulating immunoglobulins and production of autoantibodies to basal membrane of renal glomeruli were studied in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at various stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The number of patients with positive reaction to autoantibodies to renal basal membrane (R.BM) increases as clinical symptoms of DN augment. The greater part of patients with positive reaction to antibodies have stage 111-IV DN. Measurements of serum immunoglobulin concentrations in patients with DN of different degree showed maximal levels of IgG in initial IDDM (without DN); later IgG level gradually decreases, while IgM level shows a tendency to increase, this increase attaining statistically significant values in patients with pronounced nephropathy. In patients with antibodies to R.BM the ratios of IgG/IgD and IgM/IgD concentrations are elevated, while IgA/IgG and IgA/IgM ratios are lowered; only the IgG/IgD and IgA/IgG ratios differed significantly from the control. 26.8% patients with IDDM had antibodies to basal membrane of renal glomeruli. The number of patients with positive reaction to these antibodies increases with the progress of nephropathy, which can be indicative of the involvement of autoimmune mechanisms in development and progress of DN.
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Creasey, Alison M., Trine Staalsoe, Ahmed Raza, David E. Arnot, and J. Alexandra Rowe. "Nonspecific Immunoglobulin M Binding and Chondroitin Sulfate A Binding Are Linked Phenotypes of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates Implicated in Malaria during Pregnancy." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 8 (August 2003): 4767–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.8.4767-4771.2003.

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ABSTRACT Binding of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies from normal human serum to the surface of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (iRBC) has previously been demonstrated only in parasites that form rosettes with uninfected red cells. We show that natural, nonspecific IgM but not IgG, IgA, IgD, or IgE also binds to the surface of iRBC selected for adhesion to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA), a placental receptor for parasites associated with malaria in pregnancy. The protease sensitivity of IgM-binding appears to match that of CSA binding, suggesting that the two phenotypes may be mediated by the same parasite molecule. We also show that a wide range of mouse monoclonal antibodies of the IgM class bind nonspecifically to CSA-selected iRBC, an important consideration in the interpretation of immunological assays performed on these parasite lines.
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Anam, Khairul, Farhat Afrin, Dwijadas Banerjee, Netai Pramanik, Subhasis K. Guha, Rama P. Goswami, Shiben K. Saha, and Nahid Ali. "Differential Decline in Leishmania Membrane Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgE, and IgG Subclass Antibodies in Indian Kala-Azar Patients after Chemotherapy." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 6663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.12.6663-6669.1999.

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ABSTRACT Pathogenesis in kala-azar is associated with depressed cellular immunity and significant elevation of antileishmanial antibodies. Since these antibodies are present even after cure, analysis of the parasite-specific isotypes and immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in kala-azar patients may shed new light on the immune responses during progression and resolution of infection. Using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts, we investigated the relative levels of specific IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses in Indian kala-azar patient sera during disease, drug resistance, and cure. Acute-phase sera showed strong stimulation of IgG, followed by IgE and IgM and lastly by IgA antibodies. IgG subclass analysis revealed expression of all of the subclasses, with a predominance of IgG1 during disease. Following sodium stibogluconate (SAG) resistance, the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgG4 remained constant, while there was a decrease in the titers of IgG2 and IgG3. In contrast, a significant (2.2-fold) increase in IgG1 was observed in these individuals. Cure, in both SAG-responsive and unresponsive patients, correlated with a decline in the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and all of the IgG subclasses. The stimulation of IgG1 and the persistence, most importantly, of IgE and IgG4 following drug resistance, along with a decline in IgE, IgG4, and IgG1 with cure, demonstrate the potential of these isotypes as possible markers for monitoring effective treatment in kala-azar.
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Westergaard, Marie Wulff, Anette Holck Draborg, Lone Troelsen, Søren Jacobsen, and Gunnar Houen. "Isotypes of Epstein-Barr Virus Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association with Rheumatoid Factors and Citrulline-Dependent Antibodies." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/472174.

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In order to study the humoral immune response against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to compare it with the two major autoantibody types in RA, plasma samples from 77 RA patients, 28 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Increased percentages of positives and concentrations of IgG/IgA/IgM antibodies against the latent EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) were observed in RA patients compared to SLE patients and HCs. Increased concentrations and percentages of positives of IgG/IgA/IgM against the early lytic EBV antigen diffuse (EAD) were also found in RA patients compared to HCs but were highest in SLE patients. Furthermore, associations between the elevated EBNA-1 IgA and EBNA-1 IgM levels and the presence of IgM and IgA rheumatoid factors (RFs) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs, IgG) and between elevated IgA concentrations against EAD and the presence of RFs and ACPAs in RA patients were found. Thus, RA patients had elevated antibodies of all isotypes characteristic of latent EBV infection (whereas SLE patients had elevated antibodies characteristic of lytic EBV infection). Notably, for IgM and IgA (but not IgG), these were associated with the presence of characteristic RA autoantibodies.
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MARTINS, Rosana, Sílvio MARQUES, Marino ALVES, Denise FECCHIO, and Marcello F. de FRANCO. "Serological follow-up of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis treated with itraconazole using Dot-blot, ELISA and Western-blot." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 39, no. 5 (September 1997): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651997000500004.

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Twenty-seven mycologically proven cases of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) were treated with itraconazole (100-200 mg/day in month 1 and 100 mg/day until month 6-8) and evaluated clinically and serologically, up to 3.5 years post-therapy, using Dot-blot and ELISA for measuring the titers of IgG, IgA and IgM anti-P. brasiliensis antibodies and Western-blot for determining IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies against the antigen components of the fungus. Before treatment, 81.5% (Dot-blot) and 84% (ELISA) of the patients presented elevated IgG anti-P. brasiliensis antibody titers which dropped slightly with treatment. On the other hand, the percentages of pre-treatment high-titered sera for IgA and IgM anti-P.brasiliensis were lower (5l.9% and 5l.8%: Dot-blot; 16.5 and 36%: ELISA, respectively) but the titers tended to become negative more frequently with treatment. Prior to treatment, the percentages of positivity for IgG, IgA and IgM anti-P.brasiliensis antibodies in Western-blot were 96%, 20.8% and 41.6%, respectively. Antigens with molecular weights varying from 16-78 kDa, from 21-76 kDa and from 27-78 kDa were reactive for IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies, respectively. The most frequently reactive antigenic components had molecular weights of 27, 33 and 43 kDa for IgG, and 70 for IgA and IgM antibodies. During the period of study, the patients responded well to treatment. The present data confirm the diversity and complexity of the humoral response in PCM, and the importance of utilizing different serological tests to detect IgG, IgA and IgM anti-P. brasiliensis antibodies
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Wilson, WA, Z. Faghiri, F. Taheri, and AE Gharavi. "Significance of IgA antiphospholipid antibodies." Lupus 7, no. 2_suppl (February 1998): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096120339800700225.

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IgA anticardiolipin (IgA aCL) and IgA anti β2-glycoprotein-I(IgA anti β2GP1) antibodies are common in SLE and have been associated in some studies with thromboses and thrombocytopenia. Experimental work suggests that IgA aCL are as prothrombotic as the IgG-IgM isotypes. However, in SLE there appears to be less concordance between IgA aCl and IgA anti β2GP1 as compared with the concordance between IgG and IgM isotypes, suggesting significant differences in their origins and specificities. For example, there may be a greater mucosal contribution to production of IgA antiβ2GPl than IgA aCL. Infections may have a greater role in the presence of IgA aCL than IgA antiβ2GP1 antibodies.
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Hara, Makoto, Eugenia Martinez-Hernandez, Helena Ariño, Thais Armangué, Marianna Spatola, Mar Petit-Pedrol, Albert Saiz, Myrna R. Rosenfeld, Francesc Graus, and Josep Dalmau. "Clinical and pathogenic significance of IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against the NMDA receptor." Neurology 90, no. 16 (March 16, 2018): e1386-e1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005329.

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ObjectiveTo determine the frequency and clinical relevance of immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, and IgM N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies in several diseases, and whether the IgG antibodies occur in disorders other than anti-NMDAR encephalitis.MethodsEvaluation of IgG, IgA, and IgM NMDAR antibodies in serum of 300 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, stroke, dementia, schizophrenia, or seronegative autoimmune encephalitis. Antibodies and their effect on cultured neurons were examined with cell-based assays and brain and live neuronal immunostaining. Retrospective analysis of the clinical diagnoses of a cohort of 1,147 patients with IgG NMDAR antibodies identified since 2005.ResultsAmong the 300 patients studied, IgG NMDAR antibodies were only identified in those with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and all reacted with brain and live neurons. By cell-based assay, IgA or IgM antibodies were detected in 22 of 300 patients (7%) with different diseases, but only 10 (3%) reacted with brain and 7 (2%) with live neurons. In cultured neurons, IgG but not IgA or IgM antibodies caused a decrease of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDAR. Among the cohort of 1,147 patients with IgG NMDAR antibodies, 1,015 (88.5%) had anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 45 (3.9%) a limited form of the disease, 41 (3.6%) autoimmune post–herpes simplex encephalitis, 37 (3.2%) overlapping syndromes (anti-NMDAR encephalitis and demyelinating disease), and 9 (0.8%) atypical encephalitic syndromes; none had schizophrenia.ConclusionsIgG NMDAR antibodies are highly specific for anti-NMDAR encephalitis and cause a decrease of the levels of NMDAR. In contrast, IgA or IgM antibodies occur infrequently and nonspecifically in other diseases and do not alter the receptor levels.
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Granfors, K., R. Lahesmaa-Rantala, and A. Tonanen. "IgM, IgG, and IgA Antibodies in Yersinia Infection." Journal of Infectious Diseases 157, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 601–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/157.3.601.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "IgM antibodies"

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Suzuki, Lisandra Akemi. "Resposta imune humoral na neurocisticercose." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308741.

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Orientador: Claudio Lucio Rossi
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T09:51:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Suzuki_LisandraAkemi_D.pdf: 1217880 bytes, checksum: 4ceb1f773f112c88145bc69e02976ef2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: A neurocisticercose (NC) e uma importante causa de doença neurológica em muitos paises em desenvolvimento, incluindo o Brasil. O diagnostico clinico da NC e dificultado pelo polimorfismo e pela não especificidade dos sintomas. As tecnicas de neuroimagem e pesquisa de anticorpos específicos tem contribuído para o diagnostico da NC e uma melhor compreensão dos processos fisiopatológicos dessa infecção. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, por meio de técnicas imunoenzimaticas (ELISA), a resposta imune humoral na NC, utilizando como preparações antigênicas o liquido vesicular (LV) e uma fração glicoproteica obtida do extrato bruto de cisticercos de Taenia solium (T. solium) com afinidade por lentil-lectina (fração Gp). Cinquenta e seis amostras de liquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR), 22 de pacientes com NC e 34 de pacientes com outros problemas neurológicos, foram utilizadas para a pesquisa de IgG e suas subclasses, com os seguintes resultados: IgG-LV: 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade; IgG1 -LV: 72,73% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG2-LV: 81,81% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG3-LV: 59,09% de sensibilidade e 97,06% de especificidade; IgG4-LV: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,06% de especificidade; IgG-fração Gp: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,06% de especificidade; IgG1-fração Gp: 59,09% de sensibilidade e 91,18% de especificidade; IgG2-fração Gp: 68,18% de sensibilidade e 94,12% de especificidade; IgG3-fração Gp: 36,36% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG4-fração Gp: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade. Quarenta e sete amostras de LCR, 16 de pacientes com NC e 31 de pacientes com outros problemas neurológicos foram utilizadas para a pesquisa de IgE, com os seguintes resultados: IgE-LV e IgE-fração Gp: 93,75% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade. Cinquenta e sete amostras de soros, 22 de pacientes com NC, 18 de pacientes com outras infecções e 17 de pessoas presumivelmente sadias, foram utilizadas para a pesquisa da IgG e suas subclasses, IgE, IgA e IgM, com os seguintes resultados: IgG-LV: 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade; IgG1-LV: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 94,28% de especificidade; IgG2-LV: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgG3-LV: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgG4-LV: 100% de sensibilidade e de especificidade; IgG-fração Gp: 95,45% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgG1-fração Gp: 63,64% de sensibilidade e 94,28% de especificidade; IgG2-fração Gp: 68,18% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgG3-fração Gp: 54,54% de sensibilidade e 88,57% de especificidade; IgG4-fração Gp: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgELV: 90,91% de sensibilidade e 97,14% de especificidade; IgE-fração Gp: 86,36% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade; IgA-LV: 54,54% de sensibilidade e 94,28% de especificidade; IgA-fração Gp: 13,63% de sensibilidade e 100% de especificidade. Anticorpos IgM não foram detectados com as preparações de LV e fração Gp. Nossos resultados mostraram que, com ambas as preparações antigênicas, tanto em amostras de LCR quanto em amostras de soros, a maior positividade foi obtida na detecção de anticorpos das classes IgG e IgE, seguida da positividade da IgA. Anticorpos IgM não foram detectados em amostras de soros com reações de ELISA realizadas com LV e fração Gp. Com relação as subclasses da IgG, a IgG4 apresentou, tanto em amostras de LCR como em amostras de soros, valores de positividade e concentração iguais ou superiores as outras subclasses. As reações ELISA realizadas com LV mostraram sensibilidades iguais ou superiores aquelas obtidas com a fração Gp. Considerando a complexidade e o custo final da obtenção da fração Gp, o LV pode ser considerado mais adequado para a pesquisa de anticorpos em amostras de LCR e soros de pacientes com NC.
Abstract: Neurocysticercosis (NC) is an important cause of neurological disease in many developing countries, including Brazil. The clinical diagnosis of NC is hindered by the polymorphism and non-specificity of the symptoms. Neuroimaging techniques and detection of specific antibodies have contributed to the diagnosis of NC and a better understanding of the physiopathological processes of this infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the humoral immune response in NC by using immunoenzymatic techniques (ELISA) in which vesicular fluid (VF) and a glycoprotein fraction purified from a crude extract of Taenia solium cysticerci with affinity for lentil-lectin (fraction Gp) were used as antigenic preparations. Fifty-six cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, 22 from patients with NC and 34 from patients with other neurological disorders, were assayed for IgG and IgG subclasses, with the following results: IgG-VF: 100% sensitivity and specificity, IgG1 - VF: 72.73% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG2 -VF: 81.81% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG3 -VF: 59.09% sensitivity and 97.06% specificity, IgG4 -VF: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.06% specificity, IgG-fraction Gp: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.06% specificity, IgG1- fraction Gp: 59.09% sensitivity and 91.18% specificity, IgG2-fraction Gp: 68.18% sensitivity and 94.12% specificity, IgG3 -fraction Gp: 36.36% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG4 - fraction Gp: 86.36% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Forty-seven CSF samples, 16 from patients with NC and 31 from patients with other neurological disorders, were assayed for IgE, with the following results: IgE-VF and IgE-fraction Gp: 93.75% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Fifty-seven serum samples, 22 from patients with NC, 18 from patients with other infections and 17 from presumably healthy individuals, were assayed for IgG, IgG subclasses, IgE, IgA and IgM, with the following results: IgG-VF: 100% sensitivity and specificity, IgG1-VF: 86.36% sensitivity and 94.28% specificity, IgG2 -VF: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgG3 -VF: 86.36% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgG4 -VF:100% sensitivity and specificity, IgG-fraction Gp: 95.45% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgG1- fraction Gp: 63.64% sensitivity and 94.28% specificity, IgG2 -fraction Gp: 68.18% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgG3 -fraction Gp: 54.54% sensitivity and 88.57% specificity, IgG4 - fraction Gp: 90.91% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgE-VF: 90.91% sensitivity and 97.14% specificity, IgE-fraction Gp: 86.36% sensitivity and 100% specificity, IgA-VF: 54.54% sensitivity and 94.28% specificity, IgA-fraction Gp: 13.63% sensitivity and 100% specificity. No specific IgM antibodies were detected with VF and fraction Gp antigenic preparations. These results show that with the two antigenic preparations the highest positivity in CSF and serum samples was obtained for IgG and IgE antibodies, followed by positivity for IgA. No IgM antibodies were detected in serum samples assayed with VF and fraction Gp. With regard to IgG subclasses, IgG4 positivity and concentration in CSF and serum samples were higher than or equal to the other subclasses. ELISA reactions done with VF showed equal or higher sensitivities than those obtained with fraction Gp. Considering the complexity and high cost of obtaining fraction Gp, VF could be more suitable for detecting specific antibodies in CSF and serum samples from patients with NC.
Doutorado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Doutor em Ciências Médicas
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Ding, Zhoujie. "Feedback Enhancement of Immune Responses by IgE, IgM, and IgG3 Antibodies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-237337.

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Antibodies can enhance or suppress the immune responses against their specific antigens. This phenomenon is known as antibody-mediated feedback regulation. We have studied the mechanisms underlying IgE-, IgM-, and IgG3-mediated enhancement of immune responses in mouse models using intravenous immunization. We attempted to answer the following questions: 1) Which cell type presents IgE-complexed antigens to CD4+ T cells? 2) Is complement activation required for specific IgM to enhance antibody responses? 3) Does IgM enhance CD4+ T-cell responses? 4) How are IgG3-antigen complexes transported into B-cell follicles? We found that CD23+ B cells transporting IgE-antigen complexes into B-cell follicles were not required to prime the antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo, whereas CD11c+ cells were indispensable. After examining the three most common subpopulations of CD11c+ cells in the spleen, we determined that it was CD8α- conventional dendritic cells migrating into the T-cell zone following immunization that presented IgE-complexed antigens to CD4+ T cells. Next, we showed that specific IgM from Cµ13 mice, which is unable to activate complement, failed to enhance either antibody or germinal center responses whereas wild-type IgM enhanced both responses. Therefore, specific IgM must activate complement to enhance humoral responses. In addition, wild-type IgM did not up-regulate CD4+ T-cell responses. Finally, we showed that IgG3-antigen complexes were transported by marginal zone B cells into B-cell follicles via binding to complement receptors 1 and 2 (CR1/2) on those cells. The immune complexes were captured by follicular dendritic cells as early as 2 h after immunization. Germinal center responses were also enhanced by IgG3. Using bone marrow chimeric mice, we found that CR1/2 expression was required on both marginal zone B cells and follicular dendritic cells to provide an optimal enhancement of antibody responses.
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Patel, Ekta. "IgM antibodies enhance the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by immature dendritic cells." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1462525.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed May 8, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-47).
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Hesketh, Emily Ellen. "Apoptotic cell interaction with IgM antibodies and modulation of ischaemic tissue injury." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15840.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is characterised by renal failure, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), inflammation and microvascular congestion. Apoptotic cell administration reduces inflammation in experimental models of acute inflammation in the lung, joints and peritoneum. Preliminary data suggested that administration of 20x106 apoptotic thymocytes to mice 24-hours prior to renal IRI ameliorated renal function without affecting ATN 24-hours following IRI. This thesis attempted to validate these finding and explore underlying hypothetical mechanisms. These studies examined if functional protection was conferred by apoptotic cell modulation of (a) circulating IgM antibodies or (b) coagulation status leading to improved intrarenal microvascular blood flow. Pathogenic IgM antibodies bind ischaemic cardiac or skeletal muscle and the intestine leading to complement activation and worse injury. We examined IgM binding to human renal (HK-2) cells by flow cytometry and to ischaemic murine kidney tissue. H2O2 or Antimycin A treated HK-2 cells incubated with human serum (IgM source) exhibited no IgM binding. Medullary IgM deposition assessed by immunofluorescence was minimal following IRI. We also assessed IgM deposition by immunohistochemistry following hepatic IRI and discovered dramatic deposition. These data suggest that IgM antibodies exhibit differential binding to injured tissues and are not directly involved in renal IRI, but may have a role in hepatic IRI. To support our second hypothesis we studied apoptotic cell modulation of coagulation. A thrombin generation assay revealed that early apoptotic cell-treated mice exhibited delayed thrombin generation. Furthermore, in vitro studies confirmed direct apoptotic cell-platelet binding. To replicate apoptotic cell derived functional protection Balb/c mice underwent 20, 24 or 25-minutes of ischaemia to induce mild, moderate or severe kidney dysfunction. Renal function and injury was determined 24-hours following IRI by plasma creatinine measurement and ATN scoring. Unexpectedly, intravenous pretreatment of mice with apoptotic thymocytes conferred no protection. Indeed, apoptotic thymocytes further impaired renal function depending upon injury severity. Impairment of renal function was not secondary to increased microvascular congestion, inferred by fibrin and platelet deposition, neither increased ATN nor inflammation, assessed by neutrophil infiltration. These data indicate that apoptotic cell administration does not protect from subsequent renal IRI and that apoptotic cells are thus not inherently anti-inflammatory in all models of acute inflammation. Unable to replicate apoptotic cell derived functional protection we explored the binding of IgM antibodies to apoptotic cells which acts to facilitate dead cell clearance. We characterised IgM binding to non-apoptotic and apoptotic murine thymocytes and human Jurkat cells using flow cytometry, confocal and electron microscopy. We demonstrated specific IgM binding to a subset of late apoptotic cells. Electron microscopy indicated that IgM+ apoptotic cells exhibited marked plasma membrane disruption, suggesting that access to intracellular epitopes was required for IgM binding. Binding of IgM to permeabilised non-apoptotic and apoptotic cells suggested that IgM bound epitopes are ‘apoptosis independent’ such that IgM may bind any cell with profound plasma membrane disruption. Interestingly, permeabilised erythrocytes exhibited significant IgM binding thus supporting the importance of cell membrane epitopes. These data suggest that IgM may recognise and tag damaged nucleated cells or erythrocytes that exhibit significant cell membrane disruption.
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Ghouma, S. M. "An investigation of the function of human IgM and IgG antibodies recognizing P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3022830/.

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Salgado, Rafael Moysés. "Avaliação do papel do soro imune de camundongos CD28KO (deficiente em IgG especifica) na interação in vivo e in vitro do T. cruzi Sylvio X10/4 com células da linhagem macrofágica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42133/tde-11072014-135353/.

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As células da linhagem macrofágica são fundamentais na infecção por T. cruzi. Além do reconhecimento por PRRs, a interação com anticorpos e/ou complemento facilita a internalização. Avaliamos o papel in vivo e in vitro de IgM e IgG específicas na saída de parasitas Sylvio X10/4 do sangue, um clone miotrópico de T. cruzi que causa infecção sem parasitemia patente. Devido à sua saída espontânea, estudamos a remoção no sexto dia de infecção, momento em que a parasitemia subpatente aumenta. Camundongos foram infectados e tratados com soro normal (NMS), soro crônico (B6) e soro de animais CD28KO crônicos (que produzem somente IgM). O grupo tratado com soro de CD28KO apresentou uma remoção significativa, porém menos eficiente do que com soro crônico (B6). Tais resultados foram reproduzidos em estudo in vitro na invasão de macrófagos (derivados de medula óssea ou do peritônio) com os distintos tratamentos. Concluímos que os macrófagos são fundamentais na remoção dos parasitas e os anticorpos, não somente IgG, mas também os da classe IgM reforçam este processo.
The cells of the macrophage lineage are essential for the infection by T. cruzi. Besides the recognition by PRRs, interaction with antibodies and/or complement facilitates internalization. We evaluated the role in vivo and in vitro of specific IgM and IgG in the blood output of parasites Sylvio X10/4, clone myotropic of T. cruzi which causes infection without patent parasitemia. Due to its spontaneous exit, we studied the removal on the sixth day of infection, when the parasitemia subpatent increases. Mice were infected and treated with normal mouse serum (NMS), chronic serum (B6) and serum from CD28KO chronic mice (which produce only IgM). The group treated with CD28KO serum showed a significant removal, but less efficiently than with chronic serum (B6). These results were reproduced in vitro study on the invasion of macrophages (derived from bone marrow or peritoneum) with these different treatments. We conclude that macrophages are essential in the removal of parasites and antibodies, not only IgG, but also IgM enhance this process.
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Voakes, Christy L. "Comparative analysis of serologic assays for the detection of antibodies to eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in sentinel chickens." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000268.

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Elfaitouri, Amal. "Development of Real-Time PCR Based Methods for Detection of Viruses and Virus Antibodies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7320.

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Haller, Logan C. "Development of a micropshere-based immunoassay for the detection of IgM antibodies to West Nile virus and St. Louis Encephalitis virus in sentinel chicken sera." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001505.

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Hjelm, Fredrik. "Early Immunostimulatory Effects of IgE- and IgG Antibodies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7209.

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Books on the topic "IgM antibodies"

1

Lafaille, Juan J., and Maria A. Curotto de Lafaille, eds. IgE Antibodies: Generation and Function. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13725-4.

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Nelson, Paul N. Monoclonal antibodies to human IgG allotypes. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1988.

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Hanahoe, Belinda. Detection of IgG and IgE antibodies to Aspergillus fumigatus in cystic fibrosis patients. [S.l: The Author], 1993.

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Zhang, Xiao-Ying, Ricardo S. Vieira-Pires, Patricia M. Morgan, and Rüdiger Schade, eds. IgY-Technology: Production and Application of Egg Yolk Antibodies. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72688-1.

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Luiten, Rosalie Margaretha. New chimeric monoclonal antibodies against human carcinomas: IgE and bispecific antibody-mediated therapy. [Leiden: University of Leiden, 1998.

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Sadek, Serag El Din Aly. An in vitro study of the role of IgC [inferior] 4 subclass antibodies in human anaphylactic reactions. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1987.

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Istiana. Deteksi antibodi IgG anti toxoplasma pada wanita usia subur di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Barat, Kota Banjarmasin: Tinjauan terhadap faktor umur, jumlah kehamilan, dan riwayat abortus. Banjarbaru: Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, 2008.

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Dörner, Thomas, and Peter E. Lipsky. Cellular side of acquired immunity (B cells). Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0050.

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B cells have gained interest in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) beyond being the precursors of antibody-producing plasma cells since they are also a broader component of the adaptive immune system. They are capable of functioning as antigen-presenting cells for T-cell activation and can produce an array of cytokines. Disturbances of peripheral B-cell homeostasis together with the formation of ectopic lymphoid neogenesis within the inflamed synovium appears to be a characteristic of patients with RA. Enhanced generation of memory B cells and autoreactive plasma cells producing IgM-RF and ACPA-IgG antibodies together with formation of immune complexes contribute to the maintenance of RA, whereas treatment with B-cell-directed anti-CD20 therapy provides clinical benefit.
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Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 68-Year-Old Male with Progressive Numbness and Gait Difficulties. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0015.

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Paraproteinemic demyelinating peripheral neuropathies require specific diagnostic and management approaches. The clinical features as well as the type of monoclonal protein and possible associated antibodies are all important considerations in evaluation and management of these complex presentations. It is important to recognize anti-myelin associated glycoproteins positive peripheral neuropathy, which is associated with IgM gammopathy, and typically presents with a sensory ataxia. Hematologic disease may mimic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. This chapter also describes the role of hematological evaluation for patients with peripheral neuropathy and a monoclonal gammopathy.
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Lafaille, Juan J., and Maria A. Curotto de Lafaille. IgE Antibodies: Generation and Function. Springer, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "IgM antibodies"

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Cabanne, Charlotte, and Xavier Santarelli. "PURIFICATION OF IgM and IgA." In Process Scale Purification of Antibodies, 615–29. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119126942.ch28.

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Puhm, Florian, and Christoph J. Binder. "Characterization of Natural IgM Antibodies Recognizing Oxidation-Specific Epitopes on Circulating Microvesicles." In Natural Antibodies, 147–54. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7180-0_11.

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Xu, Zhili, Jie Tian, Andrew W. Harmon, and Andrew P. Byrnes. "Evaluating the Impact of Natural IgM on Adenovirus Type 5 Gene Therapy Vectors." In Natural Antibodies, 187–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7180-0_15.

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Lobo, Peter I. "Role of Natural IgM Autoantibodies (IgM-NAA) and IgM Anti-Leukocyte Antibodies (IgM-ALA) in Regulating Inflammation." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 89–117. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2017_37.

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Dove, G. B., G. Mitra, G. Roldan, M. A. Shearer, and M. S. Cho. "Purification Alternatives for IgM (Human) Monoclonal Antibodies." In ACS Symposium Series, 194–209. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1990-0427.ch014.

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Thoannes, H., J. Poirriez, and J. M. Pinon. "Detection of Aspergillus Fumigatus antigenic components Recognizing IgG, IgM, IgA Or IgE Specific Antibodies by Elifa." In Fungal Antigens, 390. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0773-0_62.

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Binder, Christoph J. "Naturally Occurring IgM Antibodies to Oxidation-Specific Epitopes." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3461-0_1.

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Brillanti, S., Caterina Masci, M. Miglioli, and L. Barbara. "Serum IgM antibodies to hepatitis C virus in acute and chronic hepatitis C." In Research in Chronic Viral Hepatitis, 213–18. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9312-9_21.

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Steck, Andreas J., and Nicole Page. "Analysis of the Human Anti-Myelin Associated Glycoprotein IgM-System with Anti-Idiotypic Antibodies." In Cellular and Humoral Immunological Components of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Multiple Sclerosis, 95–102. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5348-3_12.

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Jahn, S., U. Settmacher, M. Mehl, J. Schwab, M. Achtman, P. Siegel, H. D. Volk, and R. von Baehr. "Anti-Bacterial Reactivity of Human Monoclonal Polyspecific Natural IgM Antibodies — a Basic Defence Mechanism Against Infectious Agents." In Immunotherapeutic Prospects of Infectious Diseases, 379–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76120-1_51.

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Conference papers on the topic "IgM antibodies"

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Triplett, D. A., J. T. Brant, K. Musgrave, and C. A. Orr. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LUPUS ANTICOAGULANTS AND ANTIBODIES TO PHOSPHOLIPID." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643657.

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The relationship of lupus anticoagulants (LA's) to antibodies (IgG and IgM) to cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidic acid (PA), detected by an enzyme linked immunoassay, was examined in a series of 100 patients with well characterized LA's. 73% of patients demonstrated antibodies to one or more phospholipids; 62% were positive for CL, 57% were positive for PS, 57% were positive for PI, and 51% were positive for PA. Of the samples with antibodies to phospholipid, 32% had IgG type antibody only, 16% had IgMonly, and 52% had both IgG and IgM antibodies. Of the 100 patients,19% had a history of thrombosis, 8% had ahistory of spontaneous abortion, and 6% had a history of seizure disorder. These complications occurred in the presence (61%) and absence (39%) of detectable phospholipid antibodies. Drug-related LA's were observed in 34 patients; of these 74% were positivefor antiphospholipid antibodies and 24% hada history of thrombosis.The distribution of antibody types with drug-related LA's was similarto the overall group, with 40% IgG only, 8%IgM only and 52% both IgG and IgM These findings indicate that IgG and IgM antibodies to phospholipid are not observed in all patients with lupus anticoagulants, that thrombosis does occur in this population in the absence of detectable antibodies to phospholipid and that drug-related LA's are associated with thrombosis. Furthermore, there appeared to be little relationship between the degree of prolongation of the aPTT and the titer of anti-phospholipid antibody.
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Novikova, L. I., S. S. Bochkareva, A. V. Aleshkin, S. IU Kombarova, O. E. Karpov, A. A. Pulin, O. A. Orlova, IU S. Lebedin, A. M. Vorobev, and E. R. Mekhtiev. "DYNAMICS OF ANTIBODIES TO VARIOUS ANTIGENS OF THE SARS-COV-2 CORONAVIRUS IN PATIENTS WITH CONFIRMED COVID-19 INFECTION." In Molecular Diagnostics and Biosafety. Federal Budget Institute of Science 'Central Research Institute for Epidemiology', 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/978-5-9900432-9-9-159.

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Presence of IgG and IgM antibodies in venous blood of 76 patients with confirmed presence of SARS-CoV-2 was determined. The study was carried out by ELISA using Russian test systems. Revealed different levels of IgM antibodies to N-protein and RBD (receptor binding domain of the Spike protein). The level of IgM to RBD did not reach high values, while the level of IgM to N-protein sharply increased in a short period of time to high values by the 3rd week of the disease and decreased only by the 8th week. The dynamics of IgG antibodies to the whole virion antigen and the recombinant spikes was similar, reaching high values at 4-5 weeks of the disease, however, the dynamics of IgG to the N-protein differed, showing a slight increase by the 1st week of the disease and a low level throughout the entire period of observation. Different dynamics of production of IgG and IgM antibodies to N-protein and RBD were noted. The amount of IgM to the N-protein increased sharply and reached a high level, while the amount of IgG increased smoothly and did not show a high level. The opposite picture was observed for antibodies to RBD. The characteristic dynamics of IgG, measured using test systems withsorbed whole virion or recombinant spike proteins, suggests duration of the disease
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Kiefel, V., S. Santoso, and C. Mueller-Eckhardt. "ANALYSIS OF PLATELET REACTIVE ANTIBODIES USING MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643929.

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The characterization of platelet reactive alloantibodies and autoantibodies is mandatory for the diagnosis of posttransfusion purpura, neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, autoimmune thrombocytopenia and for the selection of platelet donors prior to platelet transfusions in immunized polytransfused patients. The platelet immunofluorescence test is suitable for the detection of platelet reactive antibodies. In many cases, however, mixtures containing different platelet reactive antibodies have to be dissected.In order to analyze these sera, we have developed a novel enzyme immunoassay based upon monoclonal antibody specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA). In brief, platelets are incubated simultaneously with the (human) serum to be investigated and a monoclonal (mouse) antibody directed against an epitope on the same platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP). Platelets are then washed and solubilized in TRIS buffered saline containing NP40. The lysed platelets are then pipetted into the wells of microtiter plates, coated with goat anti mouse IgG where mouse anti GP-complexes are immobilized. Human platelet reactive antibodies on the same GP are detected using enzyme labelled goat anti human IgG, IgM, or IgA, respectively. Using mab Gi5, mab FMC25, mab w6.32 directed against epitopes on the glycoprotein complex IIb/IIIa, glycoprotein Ib and HLA class I molecule, respectively, and a panel of typed platelet donors, even sera containing different platelet reactive antibodies are readily analyzed. Results of experiments with platelet specific alloantibodies (anti P1A1, anti P1A2 and anti Bak(a)), autoantibodies (against the GP Ilb/IIIa complex and GP Ib) and a drug dependent antibody show that this assay allows to discriminate all these different platelet reactive antibodies.
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Criel, A., B. Gilbert, A. Van Hoof, M. Hidajat, and A. Louwagie. "COMPARISION OF THE DETECTION OF LUPUS ANTICOAGULANTS USING THREE DIFFERENT METHODS AND THE PRESENCE OF ANTI-CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644233.

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Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) is an antibody directed against phospholipids which prolongs in vitro clotting assays. Several detection methods have been described; however all give some different results. Recently ELISA and RIA assays have been developed which detect IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies. The aim of our study was to compare three different LAC tests with an ELISA anti-cardiolipin test. The tests used were : kaolin clotting time (KCT or Exnertest), tissue thromboplastin inhibition test (TTI or Schleider test), activated partial thromboplastin time using a 50, 100, 200 fold dilution of the phospholipid preparation (APTT dilution test), and an IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin ELISA test. 114 samples of patients suffering from diseases known to be accompanied with LAC antibodies (auto-immune diseases, recurrent abortion, thromboembolism, etc.) were studied. Positivity with one of the tests was found in 45 patients (39%). Patients with the diagnosis of SLE or otherimmune diseases showed the highest positivity (56%) whereas those with thromboembolism, recurrent abortion etc. were only positive in 27%.Among these 45 positive patients the TTI was positive in 41 cases (91 %);however in 10 cases (24 %) this was the only positivity found. The KCT test and the APTT dilution test were both positive in 18 cases (40 %). Anti-cardiolipin antibodies were found in 21 patients (47 %): IgG only in 12 (27 %), IgM only in 5 (11 %), both IgG and IgM in 2 (4 %); in 19 of these 21 patientsthe TTI was also positive.In our study the TTI test seems to be the most sensitive test but possibly also the test with the highest aspecific positivities. IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies were less frequently found than expected.
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Alving, B. M., and C. F. Barr. "THE DILUTE PH0SPH0LIPID-APTT:EVALUATION OFSPECIFICITY FOR ANTIBODIES AGAINST CARDIOLIPIN AND PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644232.

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The dilute phospholipid-APTT (PL-APTT) has been used to detect lupus anticoagulants, but its specificity for antibodies to negatively-charged phospholipids has not been assessed. The current study determined what percent of plasmas with a positive PL-APTT contained antibodies (IgG or IgM) to cardiolipin (CL) and phosphatidylserine (PS). The PL-APTT was performed by mixing patient plasma with normal plasma and measuring the clotting time in an APTT that contained increasing dilutions of Thrombofax (Alving et al. , Thromb. Haemostas. 54:709, 1985). A positive test gave a negative slope at least twice that of a normal plasma-buffer control. Sera were tested for anti-CL and anti-PS antibodies at a 1:100 dilution in a solid-phase ELISA that contained PS or CL in microtiter plates and antiserum to human IgG or IgM. A result that was >2 S. D. above mean values obtained for sera from 64 normal individuals was considered positive. Sera were studied from 25 patients with a positive PL-APTT; plasma from one patient had a normal APTT and correction studies for prolonged APTTs were normal in 3 plasmas. The patients' illnesses included systemic lupus erythematosus, bacterial infections, or use of procainamide; only one had a history of thrombosis. The table lists the percent of patient sera having the indicated antibodies.The one plasma with the normal APTT and positive PL-APTT had elevated levels of IgM directed against CL and PS. The correlation coefficient between levels of IgM against CL and PS, or between levels of IgG against CL and PS, was >0.95. There was no correlation between the extent of prolongation of the APTT and the class or potency of antibodies to CL and PS. The data indicate that the dilute PL-APTT, which may be positive in plasmas with a minimal or no prolongation of the APTT, has high specificity in detection of anti-CL and anti-PS antibodies.
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Harris, EN, RA Asherson, E. Baguley, M. Ridley, and GRV Hughes. "A STANDARD ANTI-CARDIOLIPIN (aCL) TEST: USEFULNESS IN IDENTIFICATION OF THE ANTI-PHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644235.

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Some, but not all, patients with the lupus anticoagulant and anti-cardiolipin antibodies are prone to thrombosis, fetal loss and thrombocytopenia. It will be important to identify the particular sub-group of patients with anti-phospholipid (aPL) antibodies most subject to these clinical disorders. A preliminary study has shown that the level of IgG aCL antibody is predicitive for thrombosis, fetal loss, and thrombocytopenia but it will be difficult to substantiate (or refute) these findings unless there is a uniform system to measure aCL antibody levels.Five test sera with defined IgG and IgM aCL levels are currently available to laboratories wishing to standardise the aCL test. The concentrations of aCL in these sera cover the full sensitive range of aCL solid phase assays. Using these. 5 test sera to calibrate our assay system, sera from 3000 patients were analysed: 1400 healthy adults and 1600 consecutive patients with autoimmune disorders. All sera from healthy adults had aCL levels below 10GPL (IgG aCL) or below 10MPL (IgM aCL) units. Of the 1600 autoimmune patients, 115 had levels above 5 GPL and/ or 5MPL units. More than 2/3 of patients with IgG aCL levels above 20 GPL units (30 patients) had thrombosis or fetal loss, but the frequency of these disorders decreased in the 10-20 GPL and 5-10 GPL unit groups. Of the 9 patients with IgM aCL levels above 15 MPL units, 6 had thrombosis or fetal loss.The availability of reference sera to measure IgG and IgM aCL antibody levels may better enable multicenter studies to be performed. A relatively uniform system of measurement may also enable easier identification and management of patients with the anti-phospholipid syndrome.
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Akinshina, Yu A., and S. S. Mardanly. "IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF IgM AND IgG ANTIBODIES TO SARS-COV-2." In Molecular Diagnostics and Biosafety. Federal Budget Institute of Science 'Central Research Institute for Epidemiology', 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/978-5-9900432-9-9-194.

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Gaffney, P. J., L. J. Creighton, A. Curry, B. MacMahon, and R. Thorpe. "MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES OF THE IgM AND IgG CLASS SPECIFIC FOR CROSSLINKED FIBRIN DEGRADATION PRODUCTS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643651.

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Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to crosslinked fibrin degradation products (XL-FDP) having the general formula D/Y[X]nY/D (known as X-oligomer) and D-D (known as D dimer) have been raised in balb/C mice by both a novel mtrasplenic and a conventional subcutaneous route of immunisation and by combinations of both these procedures. Mabs to X-oligomers (NIBn 52 and NIBn 123) obtained by an intrasplenic procedure have been demonstrated to crossreact only with X-oligomer in a 2-site ELISA procedure and not with D dimer or whole fibrinogen and have been shown to be of value m the examination of clinical material obtained from patients with various types of thrombosis and have also been useful in monitoring the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy. The X-oligomer mabs are immunoglobulins of the M class. It was demonstrated that their unique specificity for conformational epitopes on the large X-oligomer fragments does not reside in the IgM structure since alterative immunisation procedures have been used to generate mabs of the IgG class which have the same specificity. Using immunoglobulin class switching in culture rather than during immunisation was suggested by certain cell lines which produced both IgM and IgG specific for X-oligomer. This latter point needs rigorous validation.Immunoglobulin G type mabs to highly purified D dimer were raised by conventional subcutaneous immunisation of balb/C mice. One of these, NIBn-11, was found to crossreact with PVC-immobilised X-oligomer and D dimer but not with fibrinogen. However NIBn-11 did not bind to D dimer in a 2-site ELISA procedure while crossreactmg quite avidly with X-oligomer. This suggests that the D dimer epitope to which NIBn-11 is directed is expressed in some conformations and not m others and that these conformations are always expressed in the complex X-oligomer group of fragments. These mabs, whilst of value in measuring certain unique fibrin fragments m plasma, are useful in the epitope mapping of fibrinogen/fibrin and their plasmm-mediated
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Cunningham-Rundles, C., J. Bussel, and A. Lipscombs. "CHANGES IN ANTI-CARD10LIPIN ANTIBODY TITER IN SERA OF I TP PATIENTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643924.

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Antibodies to cardiolipin have previously been demonstrated in the sera of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP). We questioned whether the levels of anti-cardiolipin in the sera of patients with ITP would be altered after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVGG). Using flexible polyvinyl chloride microtiter plates coated with bovine cardiolipin, we measured IgG and IgM anti-cardio1ipin levels by ELISA before and at multiple intervals during and after IVGG treatment for 17 patients who had ITP. We found that within 7-10 days of treatment, 16 of 17 patients had further increases of IgG anti-cardiolipin antibody. This is probably due to the infusion of IVGG concentrates, which we found contained substantial amounts of IgG anti-cardio1ipin. Increases in platelet counts had significant correlation with increased IgG anti-cardio1ipin (p>0.01), presumably also due to the infusion of IVGG. Surprisingly, 16 of 17 patients had a marked increase in serum levels of IgM anti-cardiolipin 7-10 days post IVGG treatment. Since IVGG does not contain IgM anti-cardiolipin and our assay is specific for this isotype, this antibody represents de novo synthesis. We previously reported and have also confirmed here, that 16 of these 17 patients had increased serum IgM levels after IVGG treatment. The increase in serum IgM anti-cardio1ipin antibody may explain part of the increased total serum IgM observed. IVGG has been believed to be potentially suppressive of various immunologic activities; our data shows that immunologic stimulation also occurs. The biologic effect of increased serum IgG and IgM anti-cardiol ipin after IVGG treatment in ITP, particularly since cardiolipin may be a constituent of platelet membranes, is still uncertain.
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Nugent, Diane. "IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIPLATELET ANTIBODY IDIOTYPlSS ASSOCIATED WITH GLYCOPROTEIN Ib SPECIFICITY, PRESENT IN ITP PLASMA AND PRODUCED BY HUMAN HYBRIDOMAS FROM ITP SPLEEN CELL FUSIONS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644758.

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Platelet membrane glycoproteins (GP) express anumber of antigenic determinants important in theetiology of autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Sensitization to GPIb, although not the most frequent cause of ITP, leads to a particularly severe form ofthe disease. We have identified a number of casesof ITP in which GPIb bears the relevant immunogen. Using GPIb-specific autoantibodies isolated from the plasma of one such patient, we have produced a number of rabbit polyclonal and murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies. These antibodies recognize an idiotype expressed on the IgM antibody of this patient as well as IgG or IgM antibodies from several other patients with ITP, all of which can be shown to bind specifically to GPIb. Statistical analysis of a series of plasmas from normal individuals and thrombocytopenic patients demonstrated that there is a very strong correlation between the presence of the idiotype and GPIb reactivity, (p < 0.00001). These anti-idiotypic antibodies are useful for the detection and characterization of GPIb-specific antibodies in the sera of patients with a clinically severe form of ITP. The classification of patients bearing this idiotype in their plasma may be useful in predicting disease outcome, thus identifying a group of ITP patients in whom more aggressive therapeutic regimens may be indicated. The use of these reagents and the development of human B lymphoblastoid cell lines producing monoclonal anti-GPIb antibodies will serve to elucidate the clonal origin and cellular regulation of autoantibody production in this disease
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Reports on the topic "IgM antibodies"

1

Mackey, Katherine, Irina Arkhipova-Jenkins, Charlotte Armstrong, Emily Gean, Johanna Anderson, Robin A. Paynter, and Mark Helfand. Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: A Rapid Living Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccovidimmunity.

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Abstract:
 Evidence suggests that the majority of adults develop detectable levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies following infection with SARS-CoV-2 (moderate strength of evidence* [SoE]).  IgM levels peak approximately 20 days after symptom onset or RT-PCR diagnosis and subsequently decline. IgG levels peak approximately 25 days after symptom onset or RT-PCR diagnosis and may remain detectable for at least 120 days (moderate SoE*).  Almost all adults develop neutralizing antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and these antibodies may remain detectable for at least 152 days (low SoE*).  A small percentage of people do not develop antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection for reasons that are largely unclear but may be related to less severe disease or absence of symptoms.  Antibody prevalence does not appear to vary by age or sex, but older age may be associated with higher antibody levels (low SoE*). Non-White race may be associated with higher antibody prevalence and levels (low SoE*). COVID-19 severity and presence of symptoms may also be associated with higher antibody prevalence or levels (low SoE*). More evidence is needed to draw stronger conclusions regarding how the antibody response varies by patient characteristics and disease factors.  Studies to date have not established the relationship between the development of antibodies after RT-PCR-diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of reinfection. Studies based on index serologic testing suggest that the presence of antibodies is associated with a lower risk of a subsequent positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test.
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2

Ivy, John M. Production of Anti-Ferret IgA Antibodies; and production of monoclonal antibodies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada279534.

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3

Kolyovska, Vera, and Sonya Ivanova. Neurodegenerative Changes and Demyelination in Serum IgG Antibodies to GM1, GD1a and GM3 Gangliosides in Patients with Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis – Preliminary Results. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.01.15.

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