Journal articles: 'Ign'

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Hearn, S., J. Walton, M. Moussa, Mark Rieckenberg, and K. Hutcheson. "Immunogold Labeling for Igg, Immunoglobulin Light Chains and P-Component in Fibrillary and Immunotactoid Glomerular Nephritis." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 582–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600035406.

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Fibrillary and immunotactoid glomerulonephritis (FGN & IGN) are uncommon glomerular diseases, diagnosed by electron microscopic identification of fibril deposits which are negative by the Congo red stain. Micro-fibrils are similar to normal structures in glomerular basement membrane and matrix and they can be missed by EM. Pathogenesis of these glomerulopathies is unclear but they are not believed to be associated with monoclonal gammopathies as in AL amyloidosis. Immunofluorescense (IF) on FGN indicates the fibrils typically are positive for IgG and both immunoglobulin light chains while IGN fibrils are light chain monoclonal. We did immunogold labeling on four cases of FIGN in to improve the diagnosis of these diseases and investigate fibril protein composition.Renal biopsies from four patients consisted of one IGN and 3 FGN. Tests included frozen section IF (IgG, IgA, IgM, C3), paraffin section histology (Congo Red) and conventional EM (osmium fixation and epoxy embedding).

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Souchon, Jean-Philippe, Christian Thom, Christophe Meynard, Olivier Martin, and Marc Pierrot-Deseilligny. "The IGN CAMv2 System." Photogrammetric Record 25, no. 132 (December 2010): 402–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.2010.00601.x.

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Corrado, Alessia, Richard P. Ramonell, Matthew C. Woodruff, Christopher Tipton, Sarah Wise, Joshua Levy, John DelGaudio, et al. "Extrafollicular IgD+ B cells generate IgE antibody secreting cells in the nasal mucosa." Mucosal Immunology 14, no. 5 (May 28, 2021): 1144–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41385-021-00410-w.

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AbstractIncreased IgE is a typical feature of allergic rhinitis. Local class-switch recombination has been intimated but B cell precursors and mechanisms remain elusive. Here we describe the dynamics underlying the generation of IgE-antibody secreting cells (ASC) in human nasal polyps (NP), mucosal tissues rich in ASC without germinal centers (GC). Using VH next generation sequencing, we identified an extrafollicular (EF) mucosal IgD+ naïve-like intermediate B cell population with high connectivity to the mucosal IgE ASC. Mucosal IgD+ B cells, express germline epsilon transcripts and predominantly co-express IgM. However, a small but significant fraction co-express IgG or IgA instead which also show connectivity to ASC IgE. Phenotypically, NP IgD+ B cells display an activated profile and molecular evidence of BCR engagement. Transcriptionally, mucosal IgD+ B cells reveal an intermediate profile between naïve B cells and ASC. Single cell IgE ASC analysis demonstrates lower mutational frequencies relative to IgG, IgA, and IgD ASC consistent with IgE ASC derivation from mucosal IgD+ B cell with low mutational load. In conclusion, we describe a novel mechanism of GC-independent, extrafollicular IgE ASC formation at the nasal mucosa whereby activated IgD+ naïve B cells locally undergo direct and indirect (through IgG and IgA), IgE class switch.

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Wang, Ji Xin, Lian Gan Jin, and Wei Chi. "Expansion of Insoluble Gas Nucleus in Delayed Expandable Foam." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 1402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.1402.

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Delayed expandable foam (DEF) is a new material that can significantly extend the range of foam curtain in electromagnetic waves interference, fire extinguishing and pollution washdown, etc. This paper studied the expansion of insoluble gas nucleus (IGN) in supersaturated solution of DEF. The radius and volume of IGN as well as DEF was calculated using double membrane model of mass transfer. Results show that the size of IGN raises steadily over time meanwhile the bulk volume of DEF is nearly invariable when both initial radius r0 and number density ψ of IGN are small enough. This is called the volume sensitivity effect. At this stage, the time delay reduces linearly with r0 and the square root of ψ. Accordingly, the time delay of DEF expansion can be adjusted by setting initial radius and number density of IGN. This research can provide theoretical basis for DEF development.

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Avet-Loiseau, Hervé, Richard Garand, Laurence Lodé, Jean-Luc Harousseau, and Régis Bataille. "Translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) is the hallmark of IgM, IgE, and nonsecretory multiple myeloma variants." Blood 101, no. 4 (February 15, 2003): 1570–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-08-2436.

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In an attempt to address the issue of cytogenetic features of multiple myeloma (MM) variants, we have analyzed a series of 8 IgM, 9 IgD, 2 IgE, and 14 nonsecretory (NS) MM cases using fluorescence in situ hybridization. A very high incidence (83%) of t(11;14)(q13;q32) was detected in the IgM (7 of 8), IgE (2 of 2), and NS (11 of 14) MM cases, but not in the IgD cases (2 of 9). Of note, no t(4;14) was observed in this cohort of patients. This increased incidence of t(11;14) was associated with 2 dominant features in these variants, namely, a “lymphoplasmacytic” presentation mainly in IgM MM and a lower secreting capacity in the others, 2 features previously associated with t(11;14). Of major interest, t(11;14) was never observed in Waldenström macroglobulinemia or in IgG/IgA “lymphoplasmacytic” lymphomas. Thus, for unknown reasons, t(11;14) is the hallmark of IgM, IgE, and NS MM, (but not IgD MM), with a 5-fold increase of its incidence compared to that of IgG and IgA MM.

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Faad, C. "THE IGN (FRANCE) TOPOGRAPHIC DATABASE." Photogrammetric Record 13, no. 78 (August 26, 2006): 889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1991.tb00755.x.

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Manzhos, M. V., E. S. Fedenko, M. A. Myagkova, B. A. Molotilov, S. A. Shkadov, S. N. Petrochenko, R. Yu Kiseleva, et al. "Influence of sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy on dynamics of immunological parameters in patients with pollinosis." Russian Journal of Allergy 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2009): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja1033.

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Background. To study the influence of sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy (slASIT) on dynamics of immunologic parameters in patients with pollinosis. Materials and methods. 40 healthy persons and 25 pollinosis patients received slASIT course with mixt of autumn grasses allergen. IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE antibodies, slgA, albumin in saliva and IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE antibodies, total IgE, IFN-γ, IL-4 in serum were investigated. Results. Patients with pollinosis have infringements of both local and general immunity. SlASIT changes a profile of cytokines aside Th-1, stimulates formation of the secretory allergen-specific antibodies, reduces IgE antibodies in saliva. Conclusion. SlASIT is a highly effective method of allergic diseases treatment and it induces B-cellular and T-cellular tolerance.

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Chen, Kejia, Ping Chen, Lixi Yang, and Lian Jin. "Grey clustering evaluation based on AHP and interval grey number." International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-04-2018-0045.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a grey clustering evaluation model based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and interval grey number (IGN) to solve the clustering evaluation problem with IGNs.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the centre-point triangular whitenisation weight function with real numbers is built, and then by using interval mean function, the whitenisation weight function is extended to IGNs. The weights of evaluation indexes are determined by AHP. Finally, this model is used to evaluate the flight safety of a Chinese airline. The results indicate that the model is effective and reasonable.FindingsWhen IGN meets certain conditions, the centre-point triangular whitenisation weight function based on IGN is not multiple-cross and it is normative. It provides a certain standard and basis for obtaining the effective evaluation indexes and determining the scientific evaluation of the grey class.Originality/valueThe traditional grey clustering model is extended to the field of IGN. It can make full use of all the information of the IGN, so the result of the evaluation is more objective and reasonable, which provides supports for solving practical problems.

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Vily-Petit, Justine, Maud Soty-Roca, Marine Silva, Margaux Raffin, Amandine Gautier-Stein, Fabienne Rajas, and Gilles Mithieux. "Intestinal gluconeogenesis prevents obesity-linked liver steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease." Gut 69, no. 12 (March 23, 2020): 2193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319745.

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ObjectiveHepatic steatosis accompanying obesity is a major health concern, since it may initiate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated complications like cirrhosis or cancer. Intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN) is a recently described function that contributes to the metabolic benefits of specific macronutrients as protein or soluble fibre, via the initiation of a gut-brain nervous signal triggering brain-dependent regulations of peripheral metabolism. Here, we investigate the effects of IGN on liver metabolism, independently of its induction by the aforementioned macronutrients.DesignTo study the specific effects of IGN on hepatic metabolism, we used two transgenic mouse lines: one is knocked down for and the other overexpresses glucose-6-phosphatase, the key enzyme of endogenous glucose production, specifically in the intestine.ResultsWe report that mice with a genetic overexpression of IGN are notably protected from the development of hepatic steatosis and the initiation of NAFLD on a hypercaloric diet. The protection relates to a diminution of de novo lipogenesis and lipid import, associated with benefits at the level of inflammation and fibrosis and linked to autonomous nervous system. Conversely, mice with genetic suppression of IGN spontaneously exhibit increased hepatic triglyceride storage associated with activated lipogenesis pathway, in the context of standard starch-enriched diet. The latter is corrected by portal glucose infusion mimicking IGN.ConclusionWe conclude that IGN per se has the capacity of preventing hepatic steatosis and its eventual evolution toward NAFLD.

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Singh, Desh D., L. K. Dwivedi, Sarika Amdekar, and Vinod Singh. "The Immunoglobulin profiling of Schistosoma mansoni infected patients from Central India." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 1, no. 5 (December 6, 2011): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.1(5).p32-35.

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Schistosoma mansoni Ã¢â‚¬Âschistosomicimmune response in them. Also, an attempt was made to correlate the observedIg level with the brutality of infection. Consequently, total 138(46.9%) out of 294 volunteers were reported to have ova of Schistosomamansoni in their urine samples. Among which, 84 (28.6%) volunteers with<50 ova in per 10 ml of urine showed light infection while remaining 54(18.4%) volunteers with >50 ova in per 10 ml of urine showed heavy infection.This difference was found statistically significant (X 2= 6.52, p > 0.05).The mean immunoglobulin status observed in their serum sample were; IgE(2141.6 ± 143.7 mg/dL), IgG (13.6 ± 3.53 mg/dL), IgA (3.72 ± 0.149 mg/dL),IgM (2.82 ± 0.48 mg/dL) and IgD (0.12 ± 0.04 mg/dL). The relationship betweenintensity of infection and serum level of IgM & IgE were positivelycorrelated (r =0.27 and r =0.65, respectively) while IgG, IgA and IgD wereshowing negative correlation with the strength of infection (r = Ã¢â‚¬Â0.65, r = Ã¢â‚¬Â0.39 and r = Ã¢â‚¬Â0.18, respectively). Therefore, IgG and IgA can be considered asmarkers of light infection and IgM and IgE for heavy infection respectively.Since, the levels of IgG, IgA and IgD were found very low in infected volunteersthan control subjects hence, are suggested to play insignificant protectiverole in schistosomic infection., a trematode is a significant parasite of human beingscausing intestinal schistosomiasis. In the present investigation, 294 volunteersfrom central India were screened for schistosomic infection, and theserum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were calculated as an anti

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Ruz Zagal, Rodrigo, Luis Galdames Rosas, Michel Meza Aliaga, and Alberto Díaz Araya. "nbsp;ahpdate="20170602"][ign] [front][ign][titlegrp][ign][title language="es"]CARICATURAS DEL PERÚ NEGRO EN MAGAZINES CHILENOS: REFERENTES ICONOGRÁFICOS Y ALTERIDAD (1902-1932)." Chungará (Arica), ahead (2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-73562017005000017.

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Collin, Mattias, and Arne Olsén. "Effect of SpeB and EndoS from Streptococcus pyogenes on Human Immunoglobulins." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 7187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.11.7187-7189.2001.

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ABSTRACT Streptococcus pyogenes secretes a specific immunoglobulin G (IgG)-protease, SpeB, as well as the IgG glycan-hydrolyzing enzyme EndoS. Here we show that SpeB also degrades IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. We also show that EndoS only hydrolyzes the glycan moiety on native but not denatured IgG. Thus, SpeB has a broad immunoglobulin-degrading activity, while EndoS is highly specific for IgG.

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Velasco Tirado, Ana, and Celia Sevilla Sánchez. "Educational Resources of Cartography and Geography in the IGN of Spain." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-381-2019.

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Abstract. The National Geographic Institute (Instituto Geográfico Nacional, IGN) of Spain is the state mapping agency in charge of the Cartography, Photogrammetry, Astronomy and Geophysics of the country.The IGN commitment to the education of children and young adults in Earth sciences comes from decades ago. Many educational resources made in the last ten years, related to geography, cartography and Earth science are available in both digital and physical formats.Educa IGN [1] is the section of IGN main website [2] that hosts the digital educational resources. In 2019, this site has been updated, not only in its contents but also in its appearance and usability. It is possible to filter resources by type, subject and education level.

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Kim, J. W., K. J. Bai, R. C. Ertekin, and W. C. Webster. "A Strongly-Nonlinear Model for Water Waves in Water of Variable Depth—The Irrotational Green-Naghdi Model." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 125, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1537722.

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Recently, the authors have derived a new approximate model for the nonlinear water waves, the Irrotational Green-Naghdi (IGN) model. In this paper, we first derive the IGN equations applicable to variable water depth, and then perform numerical tests to show whether and how fast the solution of the IGN model converges to the true solution as its level increases. The first example given is the steady solution of progressive waves of permanent form, which includes the small-amplitude sinusoidal wave, the solitary wave and the nonlinear Stokes wave. The second example is the run-up of a solitary wave on a vertical wall. The last example is the shoaling of a wave train over a sloping beach. In each numerical test, the self-convergence of the IGN model is shown first. Then the converged solution is compared to the known analytic solutions and/or solutions of other approximate models such as the KdV and the Boussinesq equations.

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Takahata, Akiko, Satoko Arai, Emiri Hiramoto, Kento Kitada, Rina Kato, Yuko Makita, Hitoshi Suzuki, et al. "Crucial Role of AIM/CD5L in the Development of Glomerular Inflammation in IgA Nephropathy." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 31, no. 9 (July 1, 2020): 2013–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.2019100987.

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BackgroundIgA nephropathy (IgAN) begins with aberrant IgA deposition in glomeruli, progresses to IgM/IgG/complement codeposition, and results in chronic inflammation and glomerular damage. However, the mechanism that drives such phlogogenic cascade has been unclear. Recently, apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) protein was shown to modulate macrophages’ function in various pathologic conditions, thereby profoundly affecting the progression of renal disorders, including AKI. A spontaneous IgAN model, grouped ddY (gddY) mouse, revealed the requirement of AIM for the overall inflammatory glomerular injury following IgA deposition.MethodsWe established an AIM-deficient IgAN model (AIM−/−gddY) using CRISPR/Cas9 and compared its phenotype with that of wild-type gddY with or without recombinant AIM administration. An IgA-deficient IgAN model (IgA−/−gddY) was also generated to further determine the role of AIM.ResultsIn both human and murine IgAN, AIM colocalized with IgA/IgM/IgG in glomeruli, whereas control kidneys did not exhibit AIM deposition. Although AIM−/−gddY showed IgA deposition at levels comparable with those of wild-type gddY, they did not exhibit glomerular accumulation of IgM/IgG complements, CD45+ leukocyte infiltration, and upregulation of inflammatory/fibrogenic genes, indicating protection from glomerular lesions and proteinuria/hematuria. Recombinant AIM administration reconstituted the IgAN phenotype, resulting in IgM/IgG/complement IgA codeposition. Neither spontaneous IgM/IgG codeposition nor disease was observed in IgA−/−gddY mice.ConclusionsAIM may contribute to stable immune complex formation in glomeruli, thereby facilitating IgAN progression. Therefore, AIM deposition blockage or disassociation from IgM/IgG may present a new therapeutic target on the basis of its role in IgAN inflammation initiation.

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Jain, Shikha, and Darshika Chhabra. "A Case of Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy with Rapid Progression to End-Stage Renal Disease." Scientific World JOURNAL 9 (2009): 1348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2009.164.

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Immunotactoid glomerulopathy (IGN) is a rare immunoglobulin deposition disease. It is often mistaken for cryoglobulinemia or amyloidosis due to the similarities on biopsy findings. The disease progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) within 7 months to 10 years. This is the first case reported of a patient with a diagnosis of IGN who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) and ESRD within 1 week of initial presentation.

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Mieler, William F., Mary Kay Ellis, David F. Williams, and Dennis P. Han. "Retained Intraocular Fore ign Bodies and Endonhthalmltls." Ophthalmology 97, no. 11 (November 1990): 1532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(90)32381-3.

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Ducher, G. "THE CURRENT INVOLVEMENT OF IGN IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY." Photogrammetric Record 13, no. 73 (August 26, 2006): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1989.tb00652.x.

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Sumarwati, Margaretha, and Dendy Sugono. "Pemakaian Bahasa dan Penalaran sebagai Sarana untuk Menarik Kesimpulan Wacana Argumentasi." Diskursus: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia 4, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/diskursus.v4i1.8401.

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Penelitian dilaksanakan pada SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu Jakarta Timur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat pemakaian bahasa sebagai alat untuk menarik kesimpulan wacana argumentasi siswa kelas XI.Semester II SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu di Jakarta Timur Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020 serta untuk mendeskripsikan pemakaian penalaran sebagai alat untuk menarik kesimpulan wacana argumentasi siswa kelas XI semester II SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu di Jakarta Timur Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes menulis jawaban menarik kesimpulan wacana argumentasi. Data diperoleh melalui tes dan wawancara kepada siswa kelas XI semester II SMU Ign. Slamet Riyadi, SMU Budiwarman dan SMU Pangudi Rahayu di Jakarta Timur Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020 dan guru kelas atau guru pendamping. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menyatakan bahwa pada tes pertama pemakaian bahasa dan penalaran siswa dalam penarikan kesimpulan wacana argumentasi masih belum sesuai dengan keinginan peneliti namun pada tes putaran kedua pemakaian bahasa dan penalaran siswa dalam penarikan kesimpulan wacana argumentasi sudah baik. Kata Kunci: Pemakaian Bahasa, Penalaran, Menarik Kesimpulan, Wacana Argumentasi

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Lecordix, François, David Fremont, Moez Jilani, Emmanuel Séguin, and Sofiane Kriat. "Minecraft® on Demand – A new IGN service which combines game and 3D cartography." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-65-2018.

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The French national mapping agency, Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière (IGN), decided to develop a new web service, called Minecraft on Demand (www.ign.fr/Minecraft), designed to provide Minecraft maps from the geographic data that IGN produces. This free web service enables the user to select the center of the map and to get a Minecraft world of 5&thinsp;km long and 5&thinsp;km wide, at the scale 1&thinsp;:&thinsp;1. The player can easily input this map into Minecraft, the world’s most popular video game with 121 million copies sold. Launched in June 2016 in France, the service Minecraft&reg; on Demand obtained a fair success (10,000 maps downloaded), more specifically among young people, since it may enable them to discover IGN data and geography.

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Kim, Terrence T., Doniel Drazin, Faris Shweikeh, Robert Pashman, and J. Patrick Johnson. "Clinical and radiographic outcomes of minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw placement with intraoperative CT (O-arm) image guidance navigation." Neurosurgical Focus 36, no. 3 (March 2014): E1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.1.focus13531.

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Object Intraoperative CT image–guided navigation (IGN) has been increasingly incorporated into minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS). The vast improvement in image resolution and virtual real-time images with CT-IGN has proven superiority over traditional fluoroscopic techniques. The authors describe their perioperative MIS technique using the O-arm with navigation, and they report their postoperative experience, accuracy results, and technical aspects. Methods A retrospective review of 48 consecutive adult patients undergoing minimally invasive percutaneous posterior spinal fusion with intraoperative CT-IGN between July 2010 and August 2013 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center was performed. Two surgeons assessed 290 screws in a blinded fashion on intraoperative O-arm images and postoperative CT scans for bony pedicle wall breach. Grade 1 breach was defined to be < 2 mm, Grade 2 breach to be between 2 and 4 mm, and a Grade 3 breach to be > 4 mm. Additionally, anterior vertebral body breach was recorded. Results Of 290 pedicle screws placed, 280 (96.6%) were in an acceptable position without cortical wall or anterior breach. Of the 10 breaches (3.4%) 5 were lateral (50%), 4 were medial, and 1 was anterior; 90% of breaches were Grade 1–2 and all medial breaches were Grade 1. The one Grade 3 breach was lateral. No vascular or neurological complications were observed intraoperatively, and no significant postoperative complications were noted. The mean clinical follow-up period was 18 months (range 3–39 months). The overall clinical outcomes, measured using the visual analog scale (back pain scores), were improved significantly postoperatively at 3 months compared with preoperatively (visual analog score 6.35 vs 3.57; p < 0.0001). No revision surgery was performed for screw misplacement or neurological deterioration. Conclusions New CT-IGN with the mobile O-arm scanner has increased the accuracy of pedicle screw/instrumentation placement using MIS techniques. The authors' high (96.6%) accuracy rate in MIS compares favorably with historical published accuracy rates for fluoroscopy-based techniques. Additional advantages of CT-IGN over fluoroscopic imaging methods are lower occupational radiation exposure for the surgical team, reduced need for postoperative imaging, and decreased rates of revision surgery. For now, the authors simply conclude that use of intraoperative CT-IGN is safe and accurate.

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Nielsen, Sandra C. A., Krishna M. Roskin, Katherine J. L. Jackson, Shilpa A. Joshi, Parastu Nejad, Ji-Yeun Lee, Lisa E. Wagar, et al. "Shaping of infant B cell receptor repertoires by environmental factors and infectious disease." Science Translational Medicine 11, no. 481 (February 27, 2019): eaat2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aat2004.

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Antigenic exposures at epithelial sites in infancy and early childhood are thought to influence the maturation of humoral immunity and modulate the risk of developing immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated allergic disease. How different kinds of environmental exposures influence B cell isotype switching to IgE, IgG, or IgA, and the somatic mutation maturation of these antibody pools, is not fully understood. We sequenced antibody repertoires in longitudinal blood samples in a birth cohort from infancy through the first 3 years of life and found that, whereas IgG and IgA show linear increases in mutational maturation with age, IgM and IgD mutations are more closely tied to pathogen exposure. IgE mutation frequencies are primarily increased in children with impaired skin barrier conditions such as eczema, suggesting that IgE affinity maturation could provide a mechanistic link between epithelial barrier failure and allergy development.

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Tödter, Julian, and Bodo Ahrens. "Generalization of the Ignorance Score: Continuous Ranked Version and Its Decomposition." Monthly Weather Review 140, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 2005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-11-00266.1.

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Abstract The Brier score (BS) and its generalizations to the multicategory ranked probability score (RPS) and to the continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) are the prominent verification measures for probabilistic forecasts. Particularly, their decompositions into measures quantifying the reliability, resolution, and uncertainty of the forecasts are attractive. Information theory sets up the natural framework for forecast verification. Recently, it has been shown that the BS is a second-order approximation of the information-based ignorance score (IGN), which also contains easily interpretable components and can also be generalized to a ranked version (RIGN). Here, the IGN, its generalizations, and decompositions are systematically discussed in analogy to the variants of the BS. Additionally, a continuous ranked IGN (CRIGN) is introduced in analogy to the CRPS. The applicability and usefulness of the conceptually appealing CRIGN are illustrated, together with an algorithm to evaluate its components reliability, resolution, and uncertainty for ensemble-generated forecasts.

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DANIELIAN, N. G., S. K. JANAZIAN, V. V. MELNICHENKO, and N. S. YENIKOLOPIAN. "SLOW BURNING TRANSITION INTO DETONATION IN MoS2−Mg MIXTURE AS A RESULT OF MECHANICAL ALLOYING." Modern Physics Letters B 05, no. 19 (August 20, 1991): 1301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984991001593.

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In this paper the causes and the mechanism of explosion arising in process of molybdenum sulfide ( MoS 2) reduction by mechanical alloying with metallic magnesium (Mg) is investigated. It is shown that mechanical treatment of this reaction results in considerably decreasing the ignition temperature (T ign ) and increasing the burning speed (U burn ). It is assumed that the causes of such T ign and U burn value changes in MoS 2− Mg system is multilayered structure formation.

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Bowers, Edmond P., Lacey J. Hilliard, Milena Batanova, Danielle C. Stacey, Jonathan M. Tirrell, Katherine Wartella, and Richard M. Lerner. "The Arthur Interactive Media Study: Initial Findings From a Cross-Age Peer Mentoring and Digital Media-Based Character Development Program." Journal of Youth Development 10, no. 3 (May 17, 2016): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2015.7.

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In the midst of increasing emphasis on the inclusion of character education in both school and out-of-school time programs, digital technologies have become ubiquitous in these settings. Based on the potential of these technologies to enhance children’s character development, the Arthur Interactive Media (AIM) study investigated if one specific unit or set of digital media-based activities engaged youth in discussions about character. First and second grade students were paired with 4th and 5th grade students, respectively, while engaging with an online interactive graphic novel (IGN) about a character-relevant story based on the Arthur cartoon series. Teachers (n = 8) completed surveys about the AIM Unit, and conversations between cross-age peer dyads (n = 27 dyads) during their engagement with the IGN were analyzed. Results indicated that teachers were very satisfied with the materials and reported that children were very engaged throughout. Analyses of children’s conversations indicated that children participated in character-relevant conversations involving humility, forgiveness, and future-mindedness while engaging with the IGN.

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Микелов, А. И., Д. Б. Староверов, Е. А. Комеч, Ю. Б. Лебедев, Д. М. Чудаков, and И. В. Звягин. "Согласованная динамика сывороточного IgE и численности IgE+-клонотипов с уровнем пыльцы в воздухе при поллинозе." Вестник Российского государственного медицинского университета, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24075/vrgmu.2019.072.

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Механизмы поддержания иммунологической памяти, обусловливающей хроническое течение сезонного аллергического ринита у человека, слабо изучены. Рациональный дизайн новых подходов к терапии аллергических заболеваний требует детального понимания этих механизмов. Известно, что уровень аллергенспецифичных антител класса IgE (sIgE), являющихся ключевым агентом в развитии данного заболевания, повышен у пациентов с поллинозом в период цветения. Целью работы было изучить динамику сывороточного уровня IgE и характеристик клонального репертуара IgE-секретирующих лимфоцитов в зависимости от интенсивности контакта пациента с аллергеном. Для трех пациентов (22, 22 и 28 лет) с аллергией на березовую пыльцу были измерены уровни общего IgE и sIgE к березовой пыльце в 6 временных точках с интервалом в 2 недели, влючая период пыления березы. Для одного донора получены данные о клональном репертуаре генов тяжелых цепей иммуноглобулинов (IGH) субпопуляций В-клеточного ряда. Прирост уровня sIgE в период пыления составил 91%, 37% и 64% по сравнению с исходным у трех доноров. Момент начала роста уровня sIgE и общего IgE и его динамика согласуются с ростом концентрации аллергена (sIgE: R2 = 0,98 при p < 0,05; IgE общий: R2 = 0,95 при p < 0,05). IgE-клонотипы обнаружены только в образцах, взятых в период цветения березы, что свидетельствует о росте их концентрации в этот период. Доля IgE- клонотипов оказалась крайне низкой по сравнению с клонотипами других изотипов (IgE — 0,01%, IgM — 48,4%, IgD — 14%, IgG — 17,4%, IgA — 19,8%). Оценка числа гипермутаций и филогенетический анализ последовательностей внутри 13 обнаруженных IgE-содержащих клональных групп показали возможность происхождения IgE-клонотипов из IgG в результате смены изотипа.

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Sandor, M., T. Gajewski, J. Thorson, J. D. Kemp, F. W. Fitch, and R. G. Lynch. "CD4+ murine T cell clones that express high levels of immunoglobulin binding belong to the interleukin 4-producing T helper cell type 2 subset." Journal of Experimental Medicine 171, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 2171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.171.6.2171.

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A panel of 20 murine CD4+ clones was examined for the presence of surface membrane receptors for IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE, and IgG. High level expression of multiple Fc receptors (FcRs) was found on all Th2 clones. FcR expression was low or undetected on the Th1 clones. The preferential expression of FcR on activated Th2 cells suggests potential mechanisms for immunoregulatory interactions with B cells.

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Sharma, R., and Z. Woldehiwet. "Class-specific antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in experimentally infected lambs." Epidemiology and Infection 108, no. 1 (February 1992): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880004958x.

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SUMMARYEnzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) was used to titrate virus-specific IgG, IgM and IgA levels in nasal secretions, lung lavage fluids and serum samples sequentially obtained from lambs experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virus-specific IgG and IgM responses were measured by the indirect double antibody sandwich ELISA using anti-bovine RSV monoclonal antibody, as capture antibody, and peroxidase-conjugated anti-sheep IgG and anti-sheep IgM. Virus-specific IgA antibodies were measured by antibody capture assay using anti-sheep IgA (α–chain specific) and anti-bovine RSV monoclonal antibodies.Bovine RSV-specific IgM and IgA antibodies were detected in the serum samples within 6 days post-inoculation (p.i.). Virus-specific IgC antibodies appeared in serum samples 4 days later. In nasal secretions, IgA antibodies appeared 7 days p.i. but IgM antibodies were not detected until 12–16 days p.i. In serum samples, IgM titres were predominant for the first 2 weeks p.i. IgC titres becoming predominant thereafter. In nasal secretions and lung lavage fluids, IgA titres were significantly higher than IgM or IgG titres up to 21 days p.i. (0·01).

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Nadafi, Samira, Seyed Hamed Moosavirad, and Shahram Ariafar. "Predicting the project time and costs using EVM based on gray numbers." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 9 (October 21, 2019): 2107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-07-2018-0291.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the project completion time and cost under non-deterministic conditions using interval gray numbers (IGNs).Design/methodology/approachThe earned value management (EVM) method based on the IGN has been developed.FindingsThe EVM method based on the IGN has been verified by a numerical example that can be applied to construction projects.Practical implicationsThe EVM method, based on the gray numbers, reduces the budget and time shortage risk. Also, using this method, the managers would not be restricted to provide very exact values in their progress reports in the non-deterministic conditions.Originality/valueOne notable and significant point in all projects during the execution process is to estimate the project completion time and cost. However, non-deterministic conditions for both planned and actual physical completion percentage of projects have not been considered for predicting the project completion time and cost in the literature. Therefore, the novelty of this paper is the prediction of project completion time and cost under non-deterministic conditions using IGN.

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Offner, Damien, and Anne-Marie Musset. "An Evaluation of Two Systems for the Management of the Microbiological Quality of Water in Dental Unit Waterlines: Hygowater® and IGN Calbénium®." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 5477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105477.

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Water in dental unit waterlines (DUWL) represents a risk for vulnerable patients if its microbiological quality is not controlled. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate two systems for its management under real conditions: Hygowater® and IGN Calbenium®. Samples of the output water of DUWL were obtained for 5 previously contaminated units connected to Hygowater®, and 5 non-contaminated units connected to IGN Calbenium®, which was already effective for more than 1 year, as a control group. Samples were regularly collected up to 6 months after the implementation of Hygowater®, and were then cultured and analyzed. With IGN Calbenium®, except for a technical problem and a sample result in one unit at 6 months (Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) at 37 °C of 66 colony forming units (cfu)/mL), the results showed an absence of contamination. Hygowater® took a couple of weeks to be effective on initially contaminated DUWL (over 200 cfu/mL for all the units), then showed its efficacy for 2 months (HPC at 37 °C with a mean of 40.2 ufc/mL, and HPC at 22 °C with a mean of 0.2 ufc/mL). At 6 months, results were satisfactory for HPC at 22 °C (mean of 12 ufc/mL), but HPC at 37 °C gave non-satisfactory results for 4 of the 5 units (mean of 92.2 ufc/mL). Both systems have an effect on the microbiological quality of DUWL. IGN Calbenium® appears to be more reliable on a long-term basis.

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Kimata, H., A. Yoshida, C. Ishioka, I. Lindley, and H. Mikawa. "Interleukin 8 (IL-8) selectively inhibits immunoglobulin E production induced by IL-4 in human B cells." Journal of Experimental Medicine 176, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 1227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.176.4.1227.

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The effect of interleukin 8 (IL-8) on IL-4-induced immunoglobulin E (IgE) production was studied. IL-4 induced IgE and IgG4 production by tonsillar mononuclear cells (MNC) without affecting IgM, IgG1, IgA, IgG2, or IgG3 production. IL-8 inhibited IL-4-induced IgE and IgG4 production, whereas it had no effect on IgM, IgG1, IgA, IgG2, and IgG3 production. The inhibitory effect by IL-8 was specific, since it was blocked by anti-IL-8 mAb, but not by control IgG1. Although interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) also inhibited IgE and IgG4 production by MNC stimulated with IL-4, the inhibitory effect of IL-8 was not mediated by IFN-gamma, since the IL-8-induced inhibition could not be blocked by anti-IFN-gamma. Furthermore, anti-IL-8 mAb had no effect on IFN-gamma-induced inhibition. Moreover, addition of IL-5 or IL-6 did not reverse IL-8-induced inhibition of IgE production. In contrast to these observations with MNC, IL-4 failed to induce IgE and IgG4 production by purified B cells. However, combined treatment of purified B cells cells with IL-4 and anti-CD40 antibody resulted in IgE but not IgG4 production. IL-8 inhibited this IgE production without affecting IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, or IgA production, whereas IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) failed to do so. These results indicate that IL-8 antagonizes IL-4-induced IgE production by directly affecting B cells through a specific mechanism that is different from IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, or PGE2.

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Anam, Khairul, Farhat Afrin, Dwijadas Banerjee, Netai Pramanik, Subhasis K. Guha, Rama P. Goswami, Shiben K. Saha, and Nahid Ali. "Differential Decline in Leishmania Membrane Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgE, and IgG Subclass Antibodies in Indian Kala-Azar Patients after Chemotherapy." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 6663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.12.6663-6669.1999.

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ABSTRACT Pathogenesis in kala-azar is associated with depressed cellular immunity and significant elevation of antileishmanial antibodies. Since these antibodies are present even after cure, analysis of the parasite-specific isotypes and immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in kala-azar patients may shed new light on the immune responses during progression and resolution of infection. Using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts, we investigated the relative levels of specific IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses in Indian kala-azar patient sera during disease, drug resistance, and cure. Acute-phase sera showed strong stimulation of IgG, followed by IgE and IgM and lastly by IgA antibodies. IgG subclass analysis revealed expression of all of the subclasses, with a predominance of IgG1 during disease. Following sodium stibogluconate (SAG) resistance, the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgG4 remained constant, while there was a decrease in the titers of IgG2 and IgG3. In contrast, a significant (2.2-fold) increase in IgG1 was observed in these individuals. Cure, in both SAG-responsive and unresponsive patients, correlated with a decline in the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and all of the IgG subclasses. The stimulation of IgG1 and the persistence, most importantly, of IgE and IgG4 following drug resistance, along with a decline in IgE, IgG4, and IgG1 with cure, demonstrate the potential of these isotypes as possible markers for monitoring effective treatment in kala-azar.

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Uchida, Masayuki, Noriyuki Misaki, Osamu Kawano, and Susumu Okabe. "Effects of IGN-2098 (IGN), a novel histamine H2-blocker, on gastric acid secretion and gastric and duodenal lesions in rats." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 58 (1992): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)49550-4.

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Anam, Khairul, Farhat Afrin, Dwijadas Banerjee, Netai Pramanik, Subhasis K. Guha, Rama P. Goswami, Pratap N. Gupta, Shiben K. Saha, and Nahid Ali. "Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3 in Indian Kala-Azar Patients." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 6, no. 2 (March 1, 1999): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.2.231-235.1999.

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ABSTRACT Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, a fatal tropical disease, remains problematic, as early diagnosis is difficult and treatment often results in drug resistance and relapse. We have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts (LAg) to detect specific antibody responses in 25 untreated Indian visceral leishmaniasis patients. To investigate the pathogenetic significance of isotype markers in kala-azar, relative levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses were analyzed under clinically established diseased conditions. Since LAg showed higher sensitivity for specific IgG than lysate, the immunoglobulin isotype responses were evaluated, with LAg as antigen. Compared to 60 controls, which included patients with malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and typhoid and healthy subjects, visceral leishmaniasis patients showed significantly higher IgG (100% sensitivity, 85% specificity), IgM (48% sensitivity, 100% specificity), and IgE (44% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity) responses. Low levels of IgA in visceral leishmaniasis patients contrasted with a 13-fold-higher reactivity in sera from patients with leprosy. Among IgG subclasses, IgG1, -3, and -4 responses were significantly higher in visceral leishmaniasis patients than in the controls. IgG2 response, however, was significantly higher (twofold) in leprosy than even visceral leishmaniasis patients. The rank orders for sensitivity (IgG = IgG1 = IgG3 = IgG4 > IgG2 > IgM > IgE > IgA) and specificity (IgM = IgG3 > IgE > IgG4 > IgG2 > IgG > IgG1 > IgA) for LAg-specific antibody responses suggest the potentiality of IgG3 as a diagnostic marker for visceral leishmaniasis.

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Mihalache, Iuliana, Alexandra Purcarea, Eugeniu Vasile, Cristina Pachiu, Sandra A. V. Eremia, Antonio Radoi, and Mihaela Kusko. "Tunable photoluminescence from interconnected graphene network with potential to enhance the efficiency of a hybrid Si nanowire solar cell." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 18 (2019): 9564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp00751b.

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Araj, G. F., A. R. Lulu, M. I. Khateeb, and M. Haj. "Specific IgE response in patients with brucellosis." Epidemiology and Infection 105, no. 3 (December 1990): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800048202.

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SUMMARYIn the search to find discriminative serological markers to differentiate between patients with acute brucellosis and those with chronic brucellosis, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine and compare the brucella-specific IgE response in 80 sera from patients with acute brucellosis, 37 sera from patients with chronic brucellosis, 26 sera from patients with positive blood cultures for bacteria other than brucella and 51 sera from healthy controls. The IgE findings were compared to brucella-specific IgG, IgM, IgA and IgG1–4demonstrated by ELISA, and to microagglutination test (MAT) results. Elevated (positive) antibrucella IgE titres were detected in 89 and 81 % of sera from patients with acute and chronic brucellosis respectively. The predominant antibodies found in patients with acute brucellosis were of the IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgG1and IgG3types while in chronic brucellosis IgG, IgA, IgE and IgG4were found. Although IgE can be detected in patients with brucellosis, it does not discriminate between the acute and chronic stages of the disease.

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Efimov, A. S., D. Ch Tajieva, and I. N. Pishel. "Immune mechanisms of development of diabetic nephropathy." Problems of Endocrinology 46, no. 5 (October 15, 2000): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11868.

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Changes in the levels of circulating immunoglobulins and production of autoantibodies to basal membrane of renal glomeruli were studied in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at various stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The number of patients with positive reaction to autoantibodies to renal basal membrane (R.BM) increases as clinical symptoms of DN augment. The greater part of patients with positive reaction to antibodies have stage 111-IV DN. Measurements of serum immunoglobulin concentrations in patients with DN of different degree showed maximal levels of IgG in initial IDDM (without DN); later IgG level gradually decreases, while IgM level shows a tendency to increase, this increase attaining statistically significant values in patients with pronounced nephropathy. In patients with antibodies to R.BM the ratios of IgG/IgD and IgM/IgD concentrations are elevated, while IgA/IgG and IgA/IgM ratios are lowered; only the IgG/IgD and IgA/IgG ratios differed significantly from the control. 26.8% patients with IDDM had antibodies to basal membrane of renal glomeruli. The number of patients with positive reaction to these antibodies increases with the progress of nephropathy, which can be indicative of the involvement of autoimmune mechanisms in development and progress of DN.

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Lecordix, François, Sivakavi Kumarasamy, Fernando Da Graca, and Sofiane Kriat. "Preparation of the Future with Minecraft® on Demand." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-72-2019.

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Abstract. The French national mapping agency, Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière (IGN France), launched a new web service in June 2016, called Minecraft® on Demand specifically for young people. This free web service is designed to provide Minecraft&reg; maps with the raster and vector geographic databases that IGN produce on the French territories. This new service was recognized by different community: scientific, young people, French ministry. Different statistics allow analyzing the success obtained since 3 years. The new using of Minecraft® on demand for national contest to imagine the future and for education is presented.

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Dai, Hong-Jie, Johnny Chi-Yang Wu, and Richard Tzong-Han Tsai. "Collective Instance-Level Gene Normalization on the IGN Corpus." PLoS ONE 8, no. 11 (November 25, 2013): e79517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079517.

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M. S, Thilagavathy, and GopalaKrishnan S. "Des IGN of Inexact Circuits using Gate-Level Pruning." International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 4, no. 12 (December 25, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488549/ijece-v4i12p101.

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Rousset, F., E. Garcia, and J. Banchereau. "Cytokine-induced proliferation and immunoglobulin production of human B lymphocytes triggered through their CD40 antigen." Journal of Experimental Medicine 173, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 705–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.173.3.705.

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Human resting B lymphocytes enter a state of sustained proliferation when incubated with both mouse fibroblastic L cells stably expressing Fc gamma RII/CDw32 and anti-CD40 antibodies. We have explored the effects of 11 recombinant human cytokines (CKs) on induced cell proliferation and immunoglobulin (Ig) production. Interleukin 4 (IL-4) was the only CK able to enhance anti-CD40-induced B cell multiplication as measured by enumeration of viable cells, and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) further stimulated this induced proliferation. IL-4 enhanced the production of IgM and IgG by B cells and induced them to produce IgE. Combinations of IL-4 and IL-2 resulted in the production of large amounts of IgM and IgA. Interestingly, IFN-gamma did not inhibit the production of IgE by cells stimulated with anti-CD40 and IL-4. None of the tested CK combinations resulted in the production of large quantities of IgG. Therefore, this new culture system represents a unique model to study isotype regulation in highly purified human B lymphocytes, in addition to allowing the generation of long-term factor-dependent human B cell lines.

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Mellert, Tuesday K., Marilyn L. Getchell, Larry Sparks, and Thomas V. Getchell. "Characterization of the Immune Barrier in Human Olfactory Mucosa." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 106, no. 2 (August 1992): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989210600221.

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Immunologic defense factors in the human olfactory mucosa were localized immunohistochemically. Olfactory epithelium was identified with an antiserum to olfactory marker protein, specific for olfactory receptor neurons. Constituents of the secretory immune system, including IgA, IgM, secretory component, and J chain, were localized in the acinar and duct cells of Bowman's glands and in the mucociliary complex. In addition, B lymphocytes in the lamina propria near Bowman's glands displayed immunoreactivity for IgA, IgM, and J chain. Immunostaining also localized other humoral factors. Immunoreactivity for IgG was present throughout the stroma and in B lymphocytes in the lamina propria. Antibody to IgD stained numerous B lymphocytes clustered below the basement membrane. Antibody to IgE stained similarly distributed cells; toluidine blue staining demonstrated that many were mast cells. In addition, antibodies to IgD and IgE stained occasional intraepithelial B lymphocytes or mast cells. Two antimicrobial proteins, lactoferrin and lysozyme, were localized in Bowman's glands and the mucociliary complex. Thus, the human olfactory mucosa, which provides a direct neural route for pathogens to the brain, is a site for synthesis and secretion of immune and other defense factors.

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Gaiduchok, Igor, Yuriy Fedorov, Khrystyna Lishchuk-Yakymovych, and Roman Pukalyak. "CONDITION OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC DISEASES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE WITH ACTIVATED CHRONIC SIMPLE HERPETIC INFECTION." Immunology and Allergy: Science and Practice, no. 1 (April 8, 2020): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37321/immunology.2020.01-09.

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The aim - to study and to analyze the indicators of the humoral link of the immune system in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic activated HSV 1/2 infection and to assess the effect of the revealed disorders on the development of autoimmune pathology. Materials and methods. We examined 380 patients with systemic diseases of the connective tissue (systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis) with chronic HSV 1/2 infection at the age of 21-67 years. In 45 of them, using the modern molecular genetic diagnosis of herpes simplex, the active phase of chronic HSV 1/2 infection was verified based on the results of the polymerase chain reaction, and in the other 335, the latent phase was verified. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals of the appropriate age and gender. In patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic HSV 1/2 infection, the humoral immunity indices were studied: levels of complement component C3 and IFN-a in saliva and blood and acquired: concentration of common major immunoglobulinins: IgG, IgM IgA, IgE; specific IgM and IgG to HSV 1/2; levels of cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogen, CІC in serum. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics. Results. In patients with systemic diseases of connective tissue with chronic HSV 1/2 infection, activation of the humoral immunity was detected, it was especially evident in the active phase of the infection and was characterized by an increase in the antibody production of specific IgM HSV 1/2 and IgG HSV 1/2, аn increase in the levels of CIC, IgM, IgA and IgE, cryoprecipitation proteins, IFN-a in the blood. In the latent phase of HSV 1/2 infection the levels of IgG production of HSV 1/2, IgE, CEC, cryofibrinogen and cryoglobulins in the blood serum of these patients increased. Conclusions. The presence of chronic activated HSV 1/2 infection in patients with systemic diseases of the connective tissue causes activation of the humoral immunity, creates the conditions for the development of autoimmune processes.

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Mikelov, AI, DB Staroverov, EA Komech, YuB Lebedev, DM Chudakov, and IV Zvyagin. "Correlated dynamics of serum IGE and IGE+ clonotype count with allergen air level in seasonal allergic rhinitis." IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2019.072.

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Mechanisms of maintenance of immunological memory in the chronic course of seasonal allergic rhinitis remain poorly understood. The detailed understanding of these mechanisms is required for design of new approaches for allergy treatment. It is known that the level of allergen-specific IgE antibodies (sIgE), which play a key role in the development of the disease, is increased in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis during pollination season. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of serum IgE levels and characteristics of the clonal repertoire of IgE-secreting lymphocytes depending on the intensity of the patient's contact with the allergen. For three patients, allergic to birch pollen (22, 22, and 28 y.o.), we measured total IgE and birch pollen specific IgE levels at 6 time points with 2 week interval during the birch pollination season. Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGH) clonal repertoire data for several B-cell subpopulations at different time points were obtained for one patient. We observe growth of the sIgE level (91%, 37%, and 64% compared to the baseline) at the peak of pollination season in all three donors. Initial increase in sIgE and IgE levels coincides with the birch pollination initiation; sIgE and total IgE levels correlate with the birch pollen air level (sIgE: R2 = 0.98 at p < 0.05; total IgE: R2 = 0.95 at p < 0.05). We detected IgE clonotypes only in samples obtained during the birch pollination, which indicates an increase of IGE-expressing cells concentration during this period. The frequency of IgE clonotypes was extremely low compared to that of the clonotypes of other isotypes (IgE — 0.01%, IgM — 48.4%, IgD — 14%, IgG — 17.4%, IgA — 19.8%). Hypermutation and phylogenetic analysis of the sequences from the 13 detected IgE-containing clonal groups showed that these IgE clonotypes could originate from IgG as a result of sequential isotype-switching.

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Stelmach, Iwona, Malgorzata Podsiadłowicz-Borzęcka, Tomasz Grzelewski, Pawel Majak, Wlodzimierz Stelmach, Joanna Jerzyńska, Marta Popławska, and Jaroslaw Dziadek. "Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: a 1-Year Prospective Study." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 12, no. 10 (October 2005): 1246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.12.10.1246-1250.2005.

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ABSTRACT To determine whether children have persistent abnormalities in cellular and humoral immunity development after acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, IgM, and IgE levels and lymphocyte phenotypes were determined. There were no changes in the levels of IgG, IgM, IgA, or CD4+ or CD19+ lymphocytes that were measured in M. pneumoniae-positive patients after 3 months or after 12 months, but there were increases in these in M. pneumoniae-negative patients. Serum IgE increased in M. pneumoniae-positive patients. We have shown alterations in immunity development after M. pneumoniae infection.

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Ferreira, Tatiane, and Elizabeth De Gaspari. "The Design of New Adjuvants for Mucosal Immunity toNeisseria meningitidisB in Nasally Primed Neonatal Mice for Adult Immune Response." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/292073.

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The aim of this study was to determine the value of detoxified Shiga toxins Stx1 and Stx2 (toxoids ofEscherichia coli) as mucosal adjuvants in neonatal mice for immunogenicity against the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) ofNeisseria meningitidisB. Mucosal immunization has been shown to be effective for the induction of antigen-specific immune responses in both the systemic and mucosal compartments. Systemic antibody levels (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgM, and IgA) and mucosal IgM and IgA were measured by ELISA using anN. meningitidisas an antigen. In addition, IFN-γand IL-6 production were measured after stimulated proliferation of immune cells. Intranasal administration elicited a higher anti-OMP IgA response in both saliva and vaginal fluids. Our results suggest that both Stx1 and Stx2 toxoids are effective mucosal adjuvants for the induction of Ag-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies. The toxoids significantly enhanced the IgG and IgM response against OMPs with a potency equivalent to CT, with the response being characterized by both IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes, and increased IFN-gamma production. Additionally, bactericidal activity was induced with IgG and IgM antibodies of high avidity. These results support the use of the new toxoids as potent inducing adjuvants that are particularly suitable for mucosal immunization.

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Drake Williams, H. H. "“IMITATE ME”: INTERPRETING IMITATION IN 1 CORINTHIANS IN RELATION TO IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH." Perichoresis 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2013-0004.

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ABSTRACTSeveral times within 1 Corinthians Paul encourages the Corinthians to imitate him. These are found at critical junctures in the epistle in 1 Corinthians 4:16 and 11:1. The meaning of these sections is in question from the perspective of Corinthian scholars. Several believe that Paul is appealing to apostolic power and authority to coerce the Corinthians to obey him, whereas others find him responding to social situations. This is different from the way that imitation and discipleship are presented within the writings of Ignatius of Antioch. Pauline ideas, specifically those from 1 Corinthians, are known to have influenced Ignatius of Antioch’s writing, and thus Ignatius’ ideas about imitation are likely to reflect the meaning that Paul intended. Ignatius specifically speaks about imitation and discipleship in several places: Ign. Eph. 1, 2, 4; 3:1-3, Ign. Magn. 4:1; 5:1-2; 9:1-6, Ign. Rom. 3:1-2; 6, 3, 1. When these passages are considered, imitation involves suffering and possibly martyrdom. Imitation is also connected to the cross of Christ and is not a means to enforce superiority. Ignatius’ view of imitation would contradict the opinions of some scholars who see Paul’s injunction for imitation as a claim for power. It also supplies more information to the idea than those who claim that it is simply a counter example to the social situation.

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Muñoz Ovalle, Iván. "nbsp;ahpdate="20170125"][ign][front][ign][titlegrp][ign][title language="es"]ESPACIOS FÚNEBRES, PRÁCTICAS MORTUORIAS Y CRONOLOGÍA EN EL CEMENTERIO AZAPA-115: APROXIMACIONES EN TORNO A LA ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL DE LOS AGRICULTORES PREHISPÁNICOS DEL PERÍODO MEDIO." Estudios atacameños, ahead (2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-10432016005000027.

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Creasey, Alison M., Trine Staalsoe, Ahmed Raza, David E. Arnot, and J. Alexandra Rowe. "Nonspecific Immunoglobulin M Binding and Chondroitin Sulfate A Binding Are Linked Phenotypes of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates Implicated in Malaria during Pregnancy." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 8 (August 2003): 4767–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.8.4767-4771.2003.

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ABSTRACT Binding of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies from normal human serum to the surface of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (iRBC) has previously been demonstrated only in parasites that form rosettes with uninfected red cells. We show that natural, nonspecific IgM but not IgG, IgA, IgD, or IgE also binds to the surface of iRBC selected for adhesion to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA), a placental receptor for parasites associated with malaria in pregnancy. The protease sensitivity of IgM-binding appears to match that of CSA binding, suggesting that the two phenotypes may be mediated by the same parasite molecule. We also show that a wide range of mouse monoclonal antibodies of the IgM class bind nonspecifically to CSA-selected iRBC, an important consideration in the interpretation of immunological assays performed on these parasite lines.

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Roa, Sergio, Maria Isidoro-Garcia, Ignacio Davila, Elena Laffond, Felix Lorente, and Rogelio Gonzalez-Sarmiento. "Molecular Analysis of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase Gene in Immunoglobulin-E Deficient Patients." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2008 (2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/146715.

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Understanding how class switch recombination (CSR) is regulated to produce immunoglobulin E (IgE) has become fundamental because of the dramatic increase in the prevalence of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. CSR requires the induction of the enzyme AICDA in B cells. Mutations in AICDA have been linked to Hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM2), which shows absence of switching to IgE as well as to IgG and IgA. Although isolated IgE deficiency is a rare entity, here we show some individuals with normal serum IgM, IgG, and IgA levels that had undetectable total serum IgE levels. We have analyzed theAICDAgene in these individuals to determine if there are mutations in AICDA that could lead to selective IgE deficiency. Conformational sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) and sequencing analysis ofAICDAcoding sequences demonstrated sequence heterogeneity due to 5923A/G and 7888C/T polymorphisms, but did not reveal any novel mutation that might explain the selective IgE deficit.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ign'

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