Relevant bibliographies by topics / Igneous rock texture

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
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Academic literature on the topic 'Igneous rock texture'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Igneous rock texture"

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Higgins, Michael Denis. "Igneous Rock Associations 17. Advances in the Textural Quantification of Crystalline Rocks." Geoscience Canada 42, no. 2 (April 10, 2015): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2015.42.069.

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During the last 20 years, textural (microstructural) studies have regained their place in the pantheon of petrographic methods. This has happened by quantifying textures, so that models can be developed and tested – an approach that has proved to be so successful for chemical and isotopic studies. The combination of chemical, isotopic and textural methods, especially if applied to different crystal populations, can be a very powerful tool in the clarification of petrologic histories of rocks. Here, I will discuss some recent advances in the application of textural studies to crystalline rocks.RÉSUMÉAu cours des 20 dernières années, les études de texture (microstructure) ont retrouvé leur place au panthéon des méthodes pétrographiques. Cela a pu se produire grâce à la quantification des textures, permettant ainsi de développer et tester des modèles – une approche qui s’est avérée très bénéfique pour les études chimiques et isotopiques. La combinaison de méthodes chimiques, isotopiques et d’analyse texturale, en particulier si elles sont appliquées à des populations distinctes de cristaux, peut être un outil très puissant permettant de définir l’histoire pétrologique des roches. Dans le présent article, je vais discuter de certaines percées récentes dans l'application d’études texturales de roches cristallines.
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Hakim, Fahmi, Yanuardi Satrio Nugroho, Cendi Diar Permata Dana, and Anastasia Dewi Titisari. "Geology and Petrogenesis of Igneous Rocks from Batur Paleovolcano, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta: Evidence from their Textures, Mineralogy, and Major Elements Geochemistry." Journal of Applied Geology 4, no. 1 (August 14, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jag.48739.

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Batur paleovolcano is located in Wediombo Beach area, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta and is being part of Wuni Formation. Several volcanic products including lava flow, autoclastic breccia and volcanic breccia can be found associated with diorite intrusions. This research is aimed to characterize geological, mineralogical andgeochemical variations of igneous rocks from Batur paleovolcano to understand its petrogenesis. Detailed geological mapping with scale of 1:12,500 is conducted to identify geological aspects and delineate igneous rocks distributions. Igneous rocks and selected wall rocks samples were prepared for laboratory analysis including 8 samples for petrography and 5 samples for ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry) analysis. Several geochemical data from previous study are also added to investigate the geochemical variations. Geological condition of the research area consists of four rock units including colluvial deposit, limestone, andesite lava and diorite intrusion. Geological structures found are normal fault and shear joint where the main stress direction is north–south. Petrography analysis showed that igneous rocks in this research area consist of diorite intrusion and andesite lava with phorphyritic texture. Plagioclase become the most abundant minerals found both as phenocryst phase and groundmass. Hornblende only occur as phenocryst phase in minor amounts as accesory mineral. Major elementsgeochemistry analysis showed the rocks are characterized by intermediate silica with low alkali content. They are can be categorized as calc-alkaline series. However, some samples are fall into tholeiitic series. Major elements variation and textural study also indicate the magma is experienced differentiation process by fractional crystallization mechanism. This study suggests that igneous rocks from Batur paleovolcano is formed by two phases of formation. Earlier phase is the formation of andesite lava in island arc tholeiitic tectonic setting then at the later phase is formation of diorite intrusion in the calc-alkaline basalts tectonic setting.
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Orozco-Centeno, Wendy Patricia, Jhon Willian Branch Bedoya, and Jovani Alberto Jiménez-Builes. "Classification of fine-grained igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks through structured programming." Boletín de Ciencias de la Tierra, no. 36 (July 1, 2014): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rbct.n36.44037.

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The study of rocks has become more important, because through the rocks analysis I can be obtained information that can be useful in a lot of fields from mining to construction, passing through many different action fields from materials to processes. In order to analyze the rocks is required a preliminary macroscopic examination of several samples from the field in which one is going to work. The objective of this study is to describe properties such as color, hardness, texture, etc. Then we proceed to do a microscopic analysis, for that we use thin sections that have been prepared in advance from the samples that were used in the initial macroscopic examination, in order to know more properties that can only be seen with a microscope. From this analysis of the optical properties of minerals and mineral associations we can define the type of rock, the formation environments and the behavior of these, among other properties that are outstanding when carrying out a work in a field.
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Arian, Mohammad Ali, Alikhan Nasr Isfahani, and Afsaneh Ranjbar. "Petrogenesis and Geochemical Properties of Dome-shaped Subvolcanic Complexes in Southwest of Shahrab (Northeast of Isfahan)." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 4 (December 25, 2017): 316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_122.

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<p>The studied area is located in southwest of Shahrab village near Ardestan city. This zone is part of Uremia- Dokhtar magmatic belt. Outcrops composed of rhyolite and rhyodacite dome-shaped volcanic complexes are scattered in the studied area; some of which are exploited as ornamental stone. The main rhyolite minerals include quartz, plagioclase and alkali feldspar. Minor minerals include Apatite, Sphene and opaque minerals and of the secondary minerals in these rocks Christie, Chlorite, Epidote and calcite could be mentioned. Calcite exists in rocks in form of filler of micro-fissures. The ignimbrite presence in this group of rocks in form of xenolith is one of the features of this rock group. The main primary texture in rhyolite and rhyodacite is porphyritic and the secondary texture includes pull-apart, snow flake and spherulitic textures. Geochemical evidences indicate that these rocks are sub-alkaline, Calc-alkaline compositions with high potassium and meta-alumina. These rocks have negative EU anomaly that is the feature of acidic igneous rocks. The studied rocks show high enrichment of LREE and LILE elements. The primary magmas constituting these rocks have mantel origin raised under extreme compressional conditions on continental crust in a tectonic environment of volcanic arc. It seems that these rocks are formed in connection with continuance of volcanic activities associated with subduction of Neolithic oceanic plate beneath continental plate of Iran. </p>
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Walker, F. David L., Martin R. Lee, and Ian Parsons. "Micropores and micropermeable texture in alkali feldspars: geochemical and geophysical implications." Mineralogical Magazine 59, no. 396 (September 1995): 505–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1995.059.396.12.

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AbstractScanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy show that normal, slightly turbid alkali feldspars from many plutonic rocks contain high concentrations of micropores, from ∼1 µm to a few nm in length, typically 0.1 µm. There may be 109 pores mm−3 and porosities as high as 4.75 vol.% have been observed, although ∼1% is typical. Only ‘pristine’ feldspars, which are dark coloured when seen in the massive rock, such as in larvikite and some rapakivi granites, are almost devoid of pores. Weathering enlarges prexisting pores and exploits sub-regularly spaced edge dislocations which occur in semicoherent microperthites, but the underlying textures which lead to skeletal grains in soils are inherited from the high temperature protolith. Most pores are devoid of solid inclusions, but a variety of solid particles has been found. Although the presence of fluid in pores cannot usually be demonstrated directly, crushing experiments have shown that Ar and halogens reside in fluids. Some pores are ‘negative crystals’, often with re-entrants defined by the {110} Adularia habit, while others have curved surfaces often tapering to thin, cusp-shaped apices. The variable shape of pores accounts for the ability of some pores to retain fluid although the texture is elsewhere micropermeable, as shown by 18O exchange experiments.Apart from rare, primary pores in pristine feldspar, pore development is accompanied by profound recrystallization of the surrounding microtexture, with partial loss of coherency in cryptoperthites. This leads to marked ‘deuteric coarsening’ forming patch and vein perthite, and replacement of ‘tweed’ orthoclase by twinned microcline. The Ab- and Or-rich phases in patch perthite are made up of discrete subgrains and the cuspate pores often develop at triple-junctions between them. Coarsened lamellar and vein perthites are composed of microporous subgrain textures. These ‘unzipping’ reactions result from fluid-feldspar interactions, at T <450°C in hypersolvus syenites and T < 350°C in a subsolvus granites, and are driven by elastic strain-energy in coherent cryptoperthites and in tweed textures. Further textural change may continue to surface temperatures. In salic igneous rocks there is a general connection between turbidity and the type of mafic mineral present; pristine alkali feldspars occur in salic igneous rocks with a preponderance of anhydrous mafic phases.Because alkali feldspar is so abundant (and larger, 10 μm pores have previously been described in plagioclase), intracrystal porosity is a non-trivial feature of a large volume of the middle and upper crust. The importance of pores in the following fields is discussed: 39Ar/40Ar dating and ‘thermochronometry’; oxygen exchange; Rb and Sr diffusion; weathering; experimental low-temperature dissolution; development of secondary porosity and diagenetic albitization; leachable sources of metals; nuclear waste isolation; deformation; seismic anisotropy; electrical conductivity. Important questions concern the temperature range of the development of the textures and their stability during burial and transport into the deeper crust.
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Hussein, Mohammed L. "Sedimentological Properties of the Sand Dunes and Valley Sediments in Al-Muthanna, Southern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 1F (June 30, 2021): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.1f.7ms-2021-06-27.

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Sedimentological properties of the dunes and valley terrigenous sediments in Al-Muthanna Governorate, southern Iraq were carried out. Ten samples were collected, where five samples from both sand dunes, and valley sediments. Grain size analysis revealed that sand, silt and clay fractions are the constituents of these sediments. Sand fractions predominant in the dunes and the texture is classified as silty sand, whereas clay fractions dominate in the valley sediments, with sandy clay texture. The mineralogy is determined by X-ray diffraction, which revealed that quartz is the main mineral in both study areas, followed by calcite, feldspars in lesser amount and evaporates (gypsum) in minor component of the light minerals. Petrographically, monocrystalline quartz dominates over polycrystalline quartz in both areas. Rock fragments in the valley sediments are higher than in the sand dunes, which are comprised of carbonate, chert, igneous, metamorphic, evaporate, and mudstone rock fragments. Feldspars are approximately similar in the study areas and comprised mainly alkali feldspar (potash feldspar) and plagioclase. Petrogenically, the sand dunes occupy the quartzose-recycled field, while the valley sediments fall in transitional recycled fields represented recycled orogeny.
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Agus Widiarso, Dian, Roynaldo Lumbanbatu, Vergania Nurlita Putri, and Jenian Marin. "Development of Andesite Utilization in Gunung Ragas, Clering, Jepara, in the Industrial Sector Based on Petrological and Geochemical Data Analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020205008.

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The research area was the exposed extruded igneous lava rock in Clering which became the mining location of PT Semarang Mineral Pembangunan in Clering, Donorejo, Jepara with an area of ± 11 ha. This study aims to identify and determine the composition of andesite minerals by macroscopic and microscopic, the main oxide compound data, the use of andesite in industrial sector. The lithology consisted of andesite lava textured, plagioclase, leucite, clinopyroxene, sanidine as phenocryst and ground mass in the form of microlithic andesite lava as a trachytic texture. The hardness of lithology tends to be more moderate, it is considered unsuitable for building foundations. Andesite and tuff in the study area are currently being mined to be used as raw material for glass because of high silica content. In the industrial sector, the feldspar minerals for flux glass, and ceramic raw materials with standard of PT Semarang Mineral Pembangunan and SNI ISO 14703: 2011, 1147-1984 and SNI ISO 12543: 2011. The lithology tuff can be utilized in the manufacturing of ceramics due to high silica and felspar content. The lithology andesite can be utilized as rocks flour in the manufacturing of fertilizer due to high natrium, potassium, and magnesium content.
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Redwood, Stewart D. "The Origin of the Porphyry Deposit Name: From Shellfish, Tyrian Purple Dye, and Imperial Rome to the World’s Largest Copper Deposits." SEG Discovery, no. 118 (July 1, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/segnews.2019-118.fea.

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Abstract The porphyry deposit name has a long and fascinating etymological history of over 3,000 years. “Porphyry” is derived from the ancient Greek word porphyra (πoρϕύρα), or purple. It was originally applied to a rare purple dye, Tyrian purple, extracted by the Phoenicians from murex shells. It was later applied to a prized purple porphyritic rock, Imperial Porphyry or Porfido rosso attico, quarried by the Romans from Mons Porphyrites in the Eastern Red Sea hills of Egypt from the first to fifth centuries A.D., and used as a monumental stone in Imperial Rome and Byzantium (Istanbul). The name evolved in the field of igneous petrology to include all rocks with a porphyritic texture, regardless of their color. Mining of the first porphyry copper deposits, which were originally called disseminated or low-grade copper deposits, started in 1905. As a result of the close spatial and genetic relationship to porphyry stocks, they became known as porphyry copper deposits. The term was first used by W. H. Emmons in his 1918 textbook The Principles of Economic Geology, but it was originally used more as an engineering and economic description, as in Parsons’ 1933 book The Porphyry Coppers. It was slow to catch on in the geological literature. It was first used in the title of a paper in Economic Geology in 1947 but did not gain widespread use until the 1970s, following the publication of seminal papers on porphyry models and genesis by Lowell and Guilbert (1970) and Sillitoe (1972, 1973).
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Aarestrup, Emil, Taus R. C. Jørgensen, Paul E. B. Armitage, Allen P. Nutman, Ole Christiansen, and Kristoffer Szilas. "The Mesoarchean Amikoq Layered Complex of SW Greenland: Part 1. Constraints on the P–T evolution from igneous, metasomatic and metamorphic amphiboles." Mineralogical Magazine 84, no. 5 (September 10, 2020): 662–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2020.68.

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AbstractThe metamorphic history of the Mesoarchean Amikoq Layered Complex within the Akia terrane of SW Greenland was characterised by electron microprobe mineral data and detailed petrography on 12 representative samples, integrated with zircon U–Pb geochronology and petrology. The complex intruded into a >3004 Ma supracrustal association now consisting of granoblastic metabasites with subordinate quartz-rich gneiss. Supracrustal host rocks contain a relict high-temperature assemblage of orthopyroxene–clinopyroxene (± pigeonite exsolution lamellae, exsolved at ~975–1010°C), which is interpreted to pre-date the Amikoq intrusion. Cumulate to granoblastic-textured rocks of the main Amikoq Layered Complex range modally from leuconorite to melanorite, orthopyroxenite to harzburgite/dunite and rare hornblende melagabbro. Observed mineralogy of main complex noritic lithologies is essentially relict igneous with orthopyroxene–biotite and hornblende–plagioclase thermometers yielding temperatures of ~800–1070°C. An anatectic zircon megacryst from a patchy quartzo–feldspathic leucosome hosted in an orthopyroxene-dominated Amikoq rock reflects local anatexis at peak metamorphic P–T conditions and yields an intrusion minimum age of 3004 ± 9 Ma. Field observations indicate local anatexis of orthopyroxene-dominated lithologies, possibly indicating a post-intrusion peak temperature of >900°C. The last preserved stages of retrogression are recorded in paragneiss plagioclase–garnet, biotite–garnet and host rock ilmenite–magnetite pairs (≤3 kbar and ~380–560°C).The Amikoq Complex intruded a MORB-like crustal section and the former remained relatively undisturbed in terms of modal mineralogy. Preservation of igneous textures and mineralogy are related to an anhydrous, high-grade metamorphic history that essentially mimics igneous crystallisation conditions, whereas local high-strain zones acted as fluid pathways resulting in hydrous breakdown of igneous minerals. There is no evidence of equilibration of the intrusion at sub-amphibolite-facies conditions.
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Symes, R. F., J. C. Bevan, and M. Qasim Jan. "The nature and origin of orbicular rocks from near Deshai, Swat Kohistan, Pakistan." Mineralogical Magazine 51, no. 363 (December 1987): 635–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1987.051.363.02.

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AbstractOrbicular dioritic-noritic rocks from an area of mixed metemorphic and igneous rocks in Swat Kohistan, northern Pakistan, have been examined petrographically and chemically in order to determine the nature and origin of the orbicular texture. Using textural and compositional sequences it has been possible to relate the apparently different orbs to one another, and obtain a sequence of orb formation. The majority of the orbs comprise a series of distinct layers (shells) surrounding a central zone (core). Plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and hornblende form the bulk of the shells. The cores have been extensively recrystallized. The development of a ‘comb-layered’ texture in some orbs and in associated layered rocks is comparable to that commonly described from other occurrences. A dual igneous/metasomatic crystallization history is invoked to explain the features of the orbs in this locality, the oscillatory zoning of the orbicular structure being caused by the alteration of primary minerals, such as pyroxene to amphibole, due to fluctuations in the pH2O of the magma.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Igneous rock texture"

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Kuylenstierna, Elin. "The Crystal Size Distribution of Cerro Bayo." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Mineralogi, petrologi och tektonik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354154.

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To understand the complex structure of magmatic plumbing systems beneath volcanoes, one needs to study the different textures shown in the igneous rocks produced by the volcano in question. By doing this, one can get a clue of the processes that resulted in the final rock. One of the most important methods to use for studying rock samples is the Crystal Size Distribution (CSD), which can reveal a great amount of information about the history of the rock and give an insight in the journey of the crystals during their time in the magma. An extinct volcano named Chachahuén, located in Argentina, South America, was chosen for this study. Samples of rock were collected from one of its laccoliths named Cerro Bayo and was identified as hornblende-bearing dacite. The difference in crystal size was very significant in these samples, with both larger and smaller crystals embedded in the same matrix. This is interesting considering the fact that large crystals form by slow cooling of the magma while smaller crystals form as the magma cools rapidly. By studying the CSD and interpreting other textures found in samples of igneous rock, one may interpret different processes which affected the crystals, indicating what the structure of the magma chamber once looked like.
För att kunna förstå den komplexa strukturen hos magmatiska system under vulkaner måste man studera olika texturer som påträffas i de magmatiska bergarter producerade av vulkanen i fråga. Genom att göra detta kan man få en inblick i de processer som resulterade i den slutgiltiga bergarten. En av de viktigaste metoderna att använda sig av för att studera stenprov är kristallstorleksfördelningen (CSD), som kan avslöja en mängd viktig information om bergarten och kristallernas historia under sin färd i magman. En slocknad vulkan vid namn Chachahuén belägen i Argentina, Sydamerika, valdes ut för denna studie. Stenprover samlades från en av dess lakkoliter med namnet Cerro Bayo, och identifierades som hornblände-bärande dacit. Skillnaden i kristallstorleken var mycket markant, med både större och mindre kristaller inbäddade i samma matrix. Detta är intressant med tanke på att stora kristaller bildas under en långsam nedkylning av magma medan mindre kristaller bildas när magma kyls ner snabbt. Genom att studera CSD och tolka andra texturer som finns hos magmatiska stenprover kan man tolka olika processer som har påverkat kristallerna, vilket i sin tur indikerar hur strukturen av magmakammaren en gång såg ut.
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Kinman, William Scott. "Textural and microanalysis of igneous rocks tools for understanding igneous processes /." 2006. http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-12112006-152300/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Notre Dame, 2006.
Thesis directed by Clive R. Neal for the Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 222-235).
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Books on the topic "Igneous rock texture"

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Augustithis, S. S. Atlas of metamorphic-metasomatic textures and processes. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1990.

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Cabanes, Nelly. Etude de zones de cisaillement mantellique: Les péridotites de Montferrier (France) et de San Quintin (Mexique) : analyse texturale, pétrologique et géochimique. Montpellier, France: Centre géologique et géophysique, Université des sciences et techniques du Languedoc, 1988.

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Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope: Classification, textures, microstructures, and mineral preferred-orientations. London: Chapman & Hall, 1993.

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MacKenzie, W. S. Atlas of Igneous Rocks and Their Textures. Pearson Education, 2004.

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Guilford, C., C. H. Donaldson, and W. S. MacKenzie. Atlas of Igneous Rocks and Their Textures. Longman, 2001.

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Donaldson, E. H., C. Guildford, and W. S. MacKenzie. Atlas of Igneous Rocks and Their Textures - Textless Sheets. Longman Higher Education Division (a Pearson Education company), 1989.

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MacKenzie, W. S. Atlas of Igneous Rocks and Their Textures: Spanish Edition. Pearson Education Ltd., 1996.

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Donaldson, E. H., C. Guildford, and W. S. MacKenzie. Atlas of Igneous Rocks and Their Textures - Textless Sheets: German. Longman Higher Education Division (a Pearson Education company), 1989.

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Donaldson, E. H., C. Guilford, and W. S. MacKenzie. Atlas of Igneous Rocks and Their Textures: Mackenzie:Igneous French Shts. Editeurs Masson, 1995.

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Shelley, D. Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks under the Microscope: Classification, textures, microstructures and mineral preferred orientation. Springer, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Igneous rock texture"

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Bard, J. P. "Principal Textures of Igneous Rocks." In Petrology and Structural Geology, 109–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4640-8_6.

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Hunter, Robert H. "Textural Equilibrium in Layered Igneous Rocks." In Origins of Igneous Layering, 473–503. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2509-5_15.

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Armienti, Pietro. "16. Decryption of Igneous Rock Textures: Crystal Size Distribution Tools." In Minerals, Inclusions And Volcanic Processes, edited by Keith D. Putirka and Frank J. Tepley III, 623–50. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501508486-017.

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Cashman, K. V. "CHAPTER 10. TEXTURAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE KINETICS OF CRYSTALLIZATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS." In Modern Methods of Igneous Petrology, edited by James NICHOLLS and Kelly Russell, 259–316. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501508769-014.

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Ghose, N. C., and Fareeduddin. "Textural Fingerprints of Magmatic, Metamorphic and Sedimentary Rocks Associated with the Naga Hills Ophiolite, Northeast India." In Topics in Igneous Petrology, 321–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9600-5_13.

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Juo, Anthony S. R., and Kathrin Franzluebbers. "Mineralogy." In Tropical Soils. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195115987.003.0005.

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Soils are weathering products of rocks and minerals. The rocks in Earth’s outer surface can be classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are formed from molten magma. They are composed of primary minerals, which are minerals that have not been altered chemically since they formed as molten lava solidified. Examples of primary minerals are the light-colored minerals quartz, muscovite, feldspars, and orthoclase, and the dark-colored minerals biotite, augite, and hornblende. In general, dark-colored minerals contain iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) and are more easily weathered than light-colored minerals. Coarse-grained igneous rocks, such as granite and diorite, contain mainly lightcolored minerals, while medium-grained igneous rocks such as gabbro, peridotite, and hornblendite are composed of dark-colored primary minerals. Rhyolite and andesite are medium-grained igneous rocks containing light-colored primary minerals. Basalt is dark-colored with an intermediate to fine rock texture, and basaltic volcanic glass has a fine texture. Examples of light-colored igneous rocks with a fine texture are felsite and obsidian. Sedimentary rocks are the most common type of rock, covering about 75% of Earth’s land surface. They are mainly composed of secondary minerals, which are minerals that are recrystallized products of the chemical breakdown and/or alteration of primary minerals. Sedimentary rocks form when weathering products from rocks are cemented or compacted. For example, quartz (SiO2) sand, a weathering product of granite, may become cemented into sandstone. Another common sedimentary rock is limestone. There are two types of limestone, namely, calcite (CaCO3), and dolomite (CaCO3.MgCO3). Clays may become cemented into a sedimentary rock, which is known as shale. A sedimentary rock with several dominant minerals is called a conglomerate, in which small stones with different mineralogy are cemented together. Metamorphic rocks are formed by the metamorphism of igneous or sedimentary rocks. Great pressure and high temperatures, caused by the shifting of continental plates, can compress, distort, and/or partially re-melt the original rocks. Igneous rocks are commonly modified to form schist and gneiss, in which light and dark minerals have been reoriented into bands. Sedimentary rocks, such as limestone and shale, may be metamorphosed to form marble and slate, respectively.
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Kumar, Naveen, and Naresh Kumar. "Petro-Mineralogical and Geochemical Study of the Acid Magmatic Rocks of Tusham Ring Complex, NW Peninsular India." In Petrology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95836.

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The present contribution reports about the field and petrographical observations which are very important to explain the magmatic evolution and geodynamic setting of Tusham Ring Complex (TRC). TRC is associated with A-type acid volcano-plutonic rock-association which is very common characteristics of Neoproterozoic Malani Igneous Suite (MIS). Based on the geological field information, the investigated rock-types are classified as volcanic phase, plutonic phase and dyke phase. Petrographically, rhyolites show porphyritic, granophyric, glomeroporphyritic, aphyritic, spherulitic and perlitic textures whereas granites show hypidomorphic, granophyric and microgranophyric textures. Based on mineral chemistry and whole-rock geochemistry, the petro-mineralogical results are justified and proposed that the rocks under study belong to A-type affinity, within-plate and anorogenic magmatism. Physiochemical features i.e. F and Cl-rich biotite, pegmatite rim, high mineralized veins, micro-granular enclaves and altered mineralogy indicate rock-fluid interactions which are caused by magmatic origin or secondary metasomatic alteration superimposed on the host rock.
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8

Kumar, Naresh, and Radhika Sharma. "Petrology and Geochemistry of Nakora Ring Complex with Emphasis on Tectonics and Magmatism, Neoproterozoic Malani Igneous Suite, Western Rajasthan, India." In Volcanology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98609.

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The present contribution reports on the field, petrographical and geochemical observations of the volcano-plutonic rocks of the Nakora Ring Complex (NRC) from the Neoproterozoic, Malani Igneous Suite (MIS) (Northwestern Peninsular India) and confers about their magmatic evolution and tectonic implications. Three magmatic phases are notable in the NRC which is Extrusive, Intrusive and Dyke phase where with small quantities of basaltic flows was initiated and accompanied by extensive/voluminous acidic flows. Petrographically, rhyolite shows flow bands, porphyritic, spherulitic, aphyritic and perlitic textures whereas basalt flows are distinguished by the presence of labradorite in lath-shaped crystals (plagioclase feldspar) and clinopyroxene (augite). The presence of high silica and total alkalis in NRC rocks, as well as high field strength elements (HFSE), enrichment of trace elements and negative anomalies of Sr., Eu, P, and Ti indicates that the emplacement of the lava flows was controlled by complex magmatic processes such as fractional crystallization, crustal contamination and partial melting. The association of basalt-trachyte-rhyolite means that the magma chamber was supplied a significant amount of heat to the crust before the eruption. Moreover, a volcanic vent was also reported at NRC where rhyolite was associated with agglomerate, volcanic breccia, perlite and tuff. The current research proposed that the Neoproterozoic magmatism at NRC was controlled by rift-related mechanism and produced from crustal source where the heat was supplied by mantle plume.
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Conference papers on the topic "Igneous rock texture"

1

Severs, Matthew J., Lacie Planer, Shawnna Stezzi, and Akshati Naik. "ACCESSIBLE LAB SAMPLES AND RELATED DATABASE OF IGNEOUS ROCKS: MINERALOGY, TEXTURE, AND GEOCHEMISTRY." In Joint 52nd Northeastern Annual Section and 51st North-Central Annual GSA Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017ne-291089.

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2

Ozsarac, Safak, and James A. Saunders. "QUARTZ TEXTURES AND MINERALIZATION OF IGNEOUS-ROCK HOSTED OROGENIC GOLD DEPOSIT AT HOG MOUNTAIN, TALLAPOOSA COUNTY, ALABAMA." In 65th Annual Southeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016se-273884.

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3

Mato, Klementina, and Sara Mana. "MODAL, TEXTURAL ANALYSIS AND GEOCHEMICAL SIGNATURE OF INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS IN A MINGLING ENVIRONMENT AT SALEM WILLOWS, MA." In Joint 69th Annual Southeastern / 55th Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020se-344532.

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