Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'II.> 5'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'II.> 5.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Chadghan, Arafa. "Síntesis y caracterización estructural de complejos de Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) y Pd(II) con ligandos pirazólicos 3, 5-disustituidos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3125.
Full textLos complejos aislados se han caracterizado mediante AE, IR de la zona media y lejana, conductividad molar en solución, UV-Visible y siempre que ha sido posible mediante difracción de Rayos-X de monocristal.
- Se han determinado 7 estructuras cristalinas demostrando la existencia de un gran diversidad estructural. Esta diversidad se manifiesta a diferentes niveles:
Mononucleares:
- [Co(HL0)2(H2O)Cl]Cl. H2O, especie iónica con entorno de coordinación del Co(II) [CoN4OCl], octaédrico distorsionado. El ligando actúa como quelato (bidentado) y neutro.
- [Ni(HL1)2(H2O)2]Br2, especie iónica con entorno de coordinación del Ni(II) [NiN4O2], octaédrico distorsionado. El ligando actúa como quelato (bidentado) y neutro.
- [Cu(HL0)(H2O)2(NO3)] (NO3), especie iónica con entorno de coordinación del Cu(II) [CuN2O3], pirámide de base cuadrada distorsionada. El ligando actúa como quelato (bidentado) y neutro.
- [Cu(L0)2], especie neutra con entorno de coordinación del Cu(II) [CuN4] es plano cuadrado. El ligando actαa como quelato (bidentado) y aniónico.
Sal doble:
-[Ni(HL0)2(H2O)Cl][Ni(HL0)2(H2O)2]Cl3.CH3OH. H2O, en esta especie coexisten dos tipos de entornos de Ni(II): [NiN4O2] i [NiN4OCl] formando geormetrias octaédricas distorsionadas. El ligando actúa como quelato (bidentado) y neutro.
Dinucleares:
- [Cu(ClL1)(DMF)Cl]2 (ClL1 = 4-cloro-3-fenil-5-(6-metil-2-piridil)pirazol), cada Cu(II) coordina a dos ligandos, un Cl y una molécula de DMF, con entorno pentacoordinado [CuN3OCl], y geometría de pirámide de base cuadrada distorsionada. Los ligandos actúan como tridentados vía 3N (dos N pirazólico y un N piridínico) y aniónicos.
- [Pd2(L1)4], cada paladio coordina a tres ligandos: dos de ellos vía un N pirazólico y el tercero por un N pirazólico y un N piridínico. Todos los ligandos son aniónicos. Los dos Pd(II) tienen un entorno [PdN4] y geometría plano cuadrada distorsionada.
- El estudio de la conductividad molar demuestra que los haluros y nitratos pueden estar tanto dentro como fuera de la esfera de coordinación de los metales, obteniéndose una fórmula general [M(HL)nXx]Xy (n = 1, 2; X = Cl-, Br-, NO3-, OH-; x = 0, 1, 2; y = 0, 1, 2). Mientras que los acetatos se encuentran siempre coordinados al metal.
- El estudio de los espectros IR de la zona 4000 - 400 cm-1 permiten:
Saber el tipo de coordinación de los nitratos y acetatos en los diferentes complejos. Para los primeros se consigue estudiando la zona entre 2500-1600 cm-1 y para los segundos llevando a cabo el estudio entre 1615-1500 cm-1 y 1415-1380 cm-1 que es donde aparecen las vibraciones n(COO)as y n(COO)s respectivamente.
El estudio del IR en zona baja (450-100 cm-1) permite ver las bandas correspondientes a las vibraciones n(M-N), n(M-O) y n(M-X) (X=Cl-, Br-).
- El estudio de los espectros UV-Visible -NIR realizado en diferentes medios, ha permitido conocer el número de coordinación del metal en la mayoría de los complejos:
-Co(II): el Co(II) tiene coordinación 6 y geometría octaédrica en metanol y presentan un equilibrio entre la coordinación 4 y 6 en acetonitrilo.
-Todos los complejos de Ni(II) tienen coordinación 6 y geometría octaédrica distorsionada.
-Los complejos de Cu(II) son los que presentan una mayor variedad de coordinaciones 4, 5 o 6 y posibles geometrias Td, BPT, PBC o Oh.
- El estudio preliminar de voltametría cíclica con los compuestos de Cu(II) y acetatos en DMF ha puesto en evidencia una transferencia eléctrica lenta (a=0,35) de Cu(II) / Cu(I) y la alta adsorción de los compuestos de Cu(I) a la superficie del electrodo.
Four new pyrazole-derived ligands 3-phenyl-5-(2-pyridyl) pyrazole (HL0), 3-phenyl-5-(6-methyl-(2-pyridyl)) pyrazole (HL1), bis (3-phenyl)-5-(2,6-pyridyl) dipyrazole (H2L2) and 3-(2,6-pyridyl)-bis (5-(2-pyridyl)) dipyrazole (H2L3)) have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analyses (EA), infrared espectra (IR), 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopies and mass spectra (ME). The coordination chemistry of the system metal salt with the corresponding pyrazole ligands M:HL (M=Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pd(II); HL=HL0, HL1) in presence of halides, nitrates and acetates like additional ligands has been also studied.
The isolated complexes have been characterized by means of EA, IR, conductivity measurements, UV-Vis electronic spectroscopy and with monocrystal X-Ray diffraction when it has been posible.
- Seven crystalline structures have determinated, which demonstrat the existence of a great structural diversity. Such diversity is manifested at different levels:
Mononuclear:
- [Co(HL0)2(H2O)Cl]Cl.H2O, ionique structure with the environment coordination of Co(II) [CoN4OCl], distorted octaedral geometry. The ligands acts as chelate (bidentate) and neutral.
-[Ni(HL1)2(H2O)2]Br2, ionique structure with the environment coordination of Ni(II) [NiN4O2], distorted octaedral geometry. The ligands acts as chelate (bidentate) and neutral.
- [Cu(HL0)(H2O)2(NO3)](NO3), ionique structure with the environment coordination of Cu(II) [CuN2O3], distorted tetragonal piramid geometry. The ligand acts as chelate (bidentate) and neutral.
- [Cu(L0)2], neutral structure with the environment coordination of Cu(II) [CuN4] is a square planar. The ligand acts as chelate (bidentate) and anionic.
Double salt:
- [Ni(HL0)2(H2O)Cl][Ni(HL0)2(H2O)2]Cl3.CH3OH.H2O, in this structure coexist two different forms of mononuclear Ni(II): [NiN4O2] and [NiN4OCl]: forming distorted octahedral geometries. The ligands acts as chelate (bidentate) and neutral.
Dinuclear:
- [Cu(ClL1)(DMF)Cl]2 (ClL1 = 4-chloro-3-phenyl-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)pyrazole), every Cu(II) coordinates two ligands, a Cl and a DMFÕs molecule, forming pentacoordinated spheres [CuN3OCl] with distorted square pyramid geometry. The ligands are tridented via 3N (two pyrazole nitrogen and one pyridine nitrogen) and anionics.
- [Pd2(L1)4], every palladium coordinates three ligands: two of them via pyrazolic N and the third ligand via pyrazolic N and pyridinic N. All ligands are anionics. The two Pd(II) have an environmental [PdN4] and a distorted square-planar geometry.
- The study of conductivity measurements demonstrate that the halides and nitrates can be so much inside like out of the coordination sphere of the metals, being obtained a general complexes formula [M(HL)nXx]Xy (n=1, 2; X=Cl-, Br-, NO3-, OH-; x=0, 1, 2; y=0, 1, 2). Whereas the acetates are coordinated always to the metal.
- The study of IR spectroscopies of the zone among 4000 and 400 cm-1 allows:
To differentiate the type of coordination of the nitrates and acetates in the different complexes. For the first ones it is obtained studying the zone among 2500-1600 cm-1 and for the second ones carrying out the study among 1615-1500 cm-1 and 1415-1380 cm-1 where n(COO)as y n(COO)s vibrations appear respectively.
The study of IR in lower zone 450-100 cm-1 allows to see the bands corresponding to the vibrations n(M-N), n(M-O) y n(M-X) (X=Cl-, Br-).
- The study of UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopies fulfilled by different media allowed to know the number of metal coordination in the majority of the complexes:
-In Co(II): the Co(II) has coordination 6 and octahedral geometry in methanol, and present a balance between the coordination 4 and 6 in acetonitril.
- All the Ni(II) complexes have coordination 6 and distorted octahedral geometry.
- Cu(II) complexes are those which present a major variety of coordinations 4, 5 or 6 and possible Td, BPT, PBC or Oh geometries.
- The prilimenar study of cyclic voltametry with Cu(II) compounds and acetates in DMF has reveled a slow electrical transference (a=0,35) of Cu(II) / Cu(I) and the discharge adsortion of Cu(I)'s compounds to the electrode surface.
Osuagwu, Tochukwu. "An ideological-critical interpretation of justice and righteousness in Amos 5." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63000.
Full textDissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Old Testament Studies
MA
Unrestricted
Marvin, Brock C. "QUANTUM MIXING IN 5-COORDINATE HS COBALT (II) EPR SPECTRA." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1417431017.
Full textMarasinghe, Gishanthi P. K. "OVER-EXPRESSION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A MITOCHONDRIAL GLYOXALASE II FROM ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1096574528.
Full textIshizuka, Marise Akemi. "Tradução para o português e validação do teste POMA II \"Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment II." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5144/tde-12012009-142854/.
Full textFalls in elderly people are multi factorial events that represent great importance for gerontologists, since they appear with high morbidity and death rates in this age range.This research has the main purpose of performing the trans-cultural translation, validation and adaptation of POMA II (Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment II) to Brazilian Portuguese and, as secondary purposes, to assess its reproducibility and association between this and other similar functional tests; to calculate its sensitivity and specificity and its predicitive validity.At first, the POMA II test was brought to Portuguese and translated again into English. After the adequacies between the translators, a new Portuguese version was elaborated. The new version was assessed by an experts Committee comprised of doctors with knowledge in the area and by a linguistics professor for cultural adaptations. This version was applied by 15 professionals from the healthcare industry to verify the test applicability and comprehension and in a group of 20 elderly people to verify the level of comprehension of each item. The ultimate version, after the inclusion of a few suggestions, was assessed regarding its validity and its fidelity through its application in elderly individuals residing in a long permanence elderly residence and community elderly individuals (GAMIA- Grupo de Atendimento Multidisciplinar ao Idoso Ambulatorial). POMA II has presented a good intra and inter-rater correlation (r between 0.702 to 0.972, except for gait domain of the GAMIA= 0.510 group) as well as a good correlation with similar functional tests (between 0.500 and 0.920 all with p<0.001), in addition to significant internal consistency (Cronbach of 0.890 and 0.832). The test presented a significant correlation with the related years falls (p= 0.033) but this correlation was poor (r= -0.282). The test showed a good divergent validity (p< 0.001), which showed that the two groups were different. The sensivity was 61% and the specificity was 66%. We have concluded that POMA II is a reliable test with good intra and inter rater correlations, consistent to measure the same phenomenon and with good concurrent validity. However, the predictive validity, specificity and sensitivity of the test showed moderate correlations
Vincent, Sabrina, and Fredric Olsson. "Solvens II : En konkurrensfördel för de svenska försäkringsbolagen?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-9107.
Full textЗахарченко, Борис Володимирович. "Координаційні сполуки паладію (II) з 5-заміщеними-3-(2-піридил)-1,2,4-триазолами." Diss. of Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Київ. нац. ун-т ім. Тараса Шевченка, М-во освіти і науки України, 2019.
Find full textFowler, Leslie Ann. "PCB Effects on Brain Type II 5'Deiodinase Activity in Developing Brids." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9768.
Full textMaster of Science
Ivassechen, Janaíne do Rocio [UNESP]. "Sílica mesoporosa como suporte sólido para o ancoramento da molécula 4-amino-3-hidrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole e aplicação na adsorção de Cu(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) e Co(II) em amostras aquosas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134329.
Full textApproved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-02-24T14:58:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ivassechen_jr_me_araiq.pdf: 2608394 bytes, checksum: 89d6d43b306c92a291cb379448dd11de (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-24T14:58:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ivassechen_jr_me_araiq.pdf: 2608394 bytes, checksum: 89d6d43b306c92a291cb379448dd11de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-07
A determinação direta de metais presentes em baixas concentrações em amostras de águas naturais é geralmente dificultada devido à presença de espécies interferentes. Os metais que foram estudados, Cu (II), Pb(II), Co (II), Ni (II) e Cd (II) são de interesse ambiental em razão de seu uso intensivo, distribuição e por serem absolutamente não-degradáveis podem acumular-se em matrizes ambientais manifestando toxicidade. Neste projeto desenvolveu-se a sílica como suporte sólido para o ancoramento da molécula 4-amino-3-hidrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole e sua aplicação na adsorção/remoção de íons em solução aquosa. O material foi caracterizado por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR), o qual apresentou bandas em 1690- 1649 e 790 cm-1 , característica de ligações N-H de aminas primárias do ligante. A ressonância magnética nuclear de 13C e 29Si (RMN) comprovam o ancoramento do ligante. As medidas de área de superfície específica pelo método de BET e diâmetro de poro resultaram em uma área de 795,51 ± 1,14 m2 g-1 e poros numa gama de 1,1 a 7,1 nm. A Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) mostrou que o material tem formato esférico com tamanhos aproximadamente de 10 μm e a Análise por Energia Dispersiva de Raios X (EDX) mostrou uma distribuição homogênea do sililante por toda a superfície do material. Com isso, confirmou-se a ocorrência da reação de modificação. O material foi aplicado em estudos de adsorção para determinação da sua capacidade máxima, bem como estudos da influência do pH e estudos cinéticos no processo de equilíbrio Os experimentos foram realizados pelo método de batelada. O primeiro teste foi o pHPZC, que indica a melhor faixa de pH (5-9) para a adsorção. Os estudos de adsorção dos metais em solução apresentaram o melhor resultado quando o pH era igual a 6, o equilíbrio de adsorção foi atingido depois de 50 minutos de agitação. Para todas as espécies investigadas o processo de adsorção é melhor descrito pelo modelo de pseudo- segunda ordem. Com esses parâmetros estabelecidos os valores de capacidade máxima de adsorção foram encontrados, sendo 0,129; 0,102; 0,105; 0,113; e 0,076 mmol g-1 para o Cu, Ni, Pb, Co e Cd, respectivamente. A sílica modificada foi aplicada na pré-concentração de Cu (II) em amostras aquosas. Com um fator de enriquecimento de 20 vezes, a coluna provou ser estável ao longo de 24 ciclos de adsorção/dessorção.
The direct determination of metals present at trace levels in natural water samples is generally difficult due to the presence of interfering species. Metals that were studied, Cu(II), Pb(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) are of environmental interest because of its intensive use, distribution, and as a consequence of its non-degradability can be accumulated in environmental matrices manifesting toxicity. In this project was developed a mesoporous silica as solid support for the anchoring of 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole molecule to be applied in the adsorption/removal of metals from aqueous solution. The material was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which showed bands at 1649 and 1690- 790 cm-1, characteristic of NH bonds of primary amines, existing in molecule ligand. The nuclear magnetic resonance 13C and 29Si (NMR) confirm the anchoring of the ligand. Measurements of specific surface area by the BET method and pore diameter resulted in an area of 795.51 ± 1.14 m2 g-1 and pores in a range from 1.1 to 7.1 nm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the material has spherical shape with sizes of approximately 10 μm and the analysis by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) showed a homogeneous distribution of silylant over material surface. Thus, it was confirmed the occurrence of the modification reaction. The material was applied in adsorption studies to determine its maximum adsorption capacity, as well as studies of the influence of pH and kinetic studies on the balance process. The experiments were performed by the batch method. The first test was the pHPZC which indicates the best pH range (5-9) for the adsorption. Adsorption studies showed the best results when pH was near 6 and the adsorption equilibrium was attained after 50 minutes of stirring time. For all species investigated the adsorption process is better described by the pseudo- second order kinetic model. With these parameters established the maximum adsorption capacity values found were 0.129, 0.102, 0.105, 0.113 and 0.076 mmol g-1 for Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Co(II) and Cd(II), respectively. Modified silica was also applied in the preconcentration of Cu(II) from aqueous samples with 20 fold enrichment factor and the packed column proved to be stable over 24 cycles of adsorption/desorption.
Berta, Holló. "Sinteza i karakterizacija nekih derivata pirazola i njihove reakcije sa prelaznim metalima." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NS20110922HOLLO.
Full textReactions of 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-1-carboxamidinium nitrate (dpca∙HNO3) and 4-acetyl-3-amino-5-methylpyrazole (aamp) with transition metals under different reaction conditions are presented. The template reaction of aamp with triethyl orthoformate (teof) in the presence of metal ion is described. Besides, condensation of aamp with thiosemicarbazide (tsc) and the coordination of its product to copper(II) ion is also described. Twelve new complex compounds are synthesized and fully characterized. The characterization of two other, already known complexes is significantly enriched. The influence of HSAB interactions between the metal ions and ligators on the structures of obtained compounds is studied. The influence of the reaction conditions on the composition, structure and quality of crystals obtained in the reactions is investigated. Compounds are characterized by structural analysis, elemental analysis, molar conductivity data, infrared spectrometry and thermal analysis. Some selected complexes are characterized by UV-Vis spectra, magnetic measurements and biological activity tests, too
Zhang, Qimin. "Insulin-like growth factor II : cellular effects through different receptors /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/91-628-2754-5.
Full textActis, Oxana. "Search for neutrino-induced cascades with 5 years of the AMANDA-II data." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15864.
Full textThe Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) is a Cherenkov detector deployed in the Antarctic ice cap at the South Pole. We present the analysis of the AMANDA data collected during 1001 effective days of the detector lifetime be tween the years 2000 and 2004. We focus our search on electromagnetic and hadronic cascades which are produced in charged-current interactions of high-energy electron or tau neutrinos and in neutral-current interactions of neutrinos of any flavor. There are several advantages associated with the cascade channel in the search for a "diffuse" flux of astrophysical neutrinos. The AMANDA''s energy resolution allows us to distinguish between a hard astrophysical spectrum and a soft atmospheric spectrum. In addition, the flux of atmospheric electron neutrinos is lower than that of atmospheric muon neutrinos by one order of magnitude, and the background from downward-going atmospheric muons can be suppressed due to their track-like topology. The low background in this channel allows us to attain a 4pi acceptance above energies of about 50 TeV. The number of events observed in this analysis is consistent with the background expectations. Therefore, we calculate an upper limit on the diffuse all-flavor neutrino flux assuming a flavor ratio 1:1:1 at the detection site. A flux of neutrinos with a spectrum falling as E-2 is limited to 3.96x10-7 GeV s-1 sr-1 cm-2 at 90% C.L. for a neutrino energy range spanning from 40 TeV to 9 PeV. This upper limit is currently the most sensitive limit on the diffuse all-flavor astrophysical neutrino flux.
Costa, Pedro Henrique Sá. "Modulação da via das guanilinas pelo enalapril em ratos submetidos à nefrectomia 5/6." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/11415.
Full textSubmitted by Maria Carvalho (lolitaprado@ufc.br) on 2015-04-16T14:08:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_phscosta.pdf: 2066947 bytes, checksum: 099ac524cd0a6182cb5cb296ff964f79 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Maria Carvalho(lolitaprado@ufc.br) on 2015-04-16T14:08:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_phscosta.pdf: 2066947 bytes, checksum: 099ac524cd0a6182cb5cb296ff964f79 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T14:08:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_phscosta.pdf: 2066947 bytes, checksum: 099ac524cd0a6182cb5cb296ff964f79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
A doença renal crônica (DRC) é caracterizada pela perda normalmente lenta, progressiva e irreversível da função renal. Sugere-se que, nesta patologia, a resposta natriurética do organismo à ingestão de sal e a expansão de volume encontra-se reduzida em consequência da lesão dos néfrons. Nesse contexto, mostram-se necessários estudos que estabeleçam uma relação entre a DRC e a regulação de peptídeos natriuréticos, como guanilina (Gn), uroguanilina (UGn) e peptídeo natriurético atrial (PNA), e o efeito da angiotensina II (AngII) sobre a regulação destes peptídeos. Assim, buscou-se avaliar uma possível modulação da via das guanilinas pelo enalapril no modelo de nefrectomia 5/6 (nx5/6). Utilizou-se ratos Wistar, machos, com peso entre 250-300g. Os animais foram divididos em 4 grupos (n=8): grupos controle sem tratamento ou tratado com enalapril (10mg/kg v.o.) (SHAM e SHAM+E) e grupos submetidos à nx 5/6 sem tratamento ou tratado com enalapril (10 mg/kg v.o.) (Nx e Nx+E). Ao final da 10ª semana após a cirurgia, foram determinados alguns marcadores de função renal. As amostras de rim foram encaminhadas para análise histológica e avaliação expressão de RNAm para Gn, UGn, PNA e dos receptores da guanilato ciclase de membrana, GC-A e GC-C e do receptor de clearence (NPR-C). No intestino, determinou-se a expressão de RNAm para Gn, UGn e G-C. Nx apresentou os níveis séricos de creatinina (Nx= 1.28 ± 0.07; SHAM= 0.67 ± 0.02 mg/dL), uréia (Nx=108.0 ± 5.57; SHAM=96.83 ± 4.08 mg/dL), proteinúria (Nx=129.10 ± 13.87 SHAM=96.83 ± 4.07; mg/24hrs) e FENa+ (Nx=3.552 ± 0.56; SHAM=1.43 ± 0.16) aumentados, e a TFG (Nx=0.44 ± 0.10 ± 0.04; SHAM=0.97 ± 0.07 mL/min) diminuída. Nx+E, quando comparado a Nx, apresentou níveis reduzidos de creatinina (Nx+E= 0.97 ± 0.08; Nx=1.28 ± 0.07 mg/dL), de proteinúria (Nx+E=31.94 ± 6.46 Nx= 129.10 ± 13.87 mg/24hrs) e da FENa+ (Nx+E= 2.02 ± 0.28; Nx=3.55 ± 0.56), além elevar a TFG (Nx+E=0.70 ± 0.08; Nx=0.44 ± 0.10 mL/min). Nx apresentou aumento da expressão gênica intra-renal de Gn (Nx=13.92 ± 5.13; SHAM=1.08 ± 0.20), UGn (Nx=12.77 ± 7.00; SHAM=1.04 ± 0.13), GC-A (Nx=5.91 ± 1.36; SHAM=1.06 ± 0.17) e NPR-C (Nx=7.835 ± 1.72; SHAM=1.15 ± 0.27), e Nx+E teve genes reduzidos para UGn (Nx+E=0.10 ± 0.03; Nx=1.75 ± 0.96), GC-A (Nx+E=0.031 ± 0.01; Nx=1.18 ± 0.27) e NPR-C (Nx+E=0.03 ± 0.01; Nx=1.08 ± 0.24) quando comparados a Nx. No intestino, houve uma redução da transcrição de GC-C (Nx=0,22±0,04; SHAM=1.12 ± 0.22) em Nx, e o enalapril aumentou os níveis de expressão deste gene (Nx+E=3.94 ± 0.57; Nx=1.15 ± 0.22). Em conjunto, estes dados sugerem uma hiperativação na via das guanilinas na DRC, além de modulação dessa classe de peptídeos por parte da AngII.
Canale, Daniele. "Inibição do sistema NF-KB durante a lactação promove hipertensão na vida adulta." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-03022010-145914/.
Full textLosartan treatment during late murine nephrogenesis (first 2 weeks of extrauterine life) causes progressive renal injury in adult life and, at more advanced stages, hypertension, indicating a physiologic action of angiotensin II on nephrogenesis. The possible intracellular pathways that might mediate this effect are unknown. We investigated the possibility that the NF-kB system, known to participate in the embryogenesis of other tissues, could be one of these mediators. Soon after delivery, thirty-two Munich-Wistar dams, each nursing 6 male pups, were divided in 2 groups: C, untreated, and PDTC, receiving the NF-kB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), 280 mg/kg/day in drinking water during 21 days. After weaning (at 25 days), the offspring (C and PDTC) were followed until 10 months of age with no further treatment. Unlike Losartan, neonatal PDTC treatment promoted no reduction in the number of nephrons and no abnormal albuminuria, indicating that the NF-kB system does not participate decisively in nephrogenesis. Nevertheless, rats that received PDTC during lactation exhibited stable hypertension associated with myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. To investigate the pathogenesis of hypertension, which cannot be ascribed to number of nephrons reduction, the renal expressions of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components and of several molecules involved in sodium transport were determined by qRT-PCR at 3 and 10 months of life. The renal expression of renin and angiotensinogen in PDTC-treated rats at 3 months of age was significantly higher in comparison with control, but lower than age-matched controls at 10 months of age, suggesting that, although hypertension may be initiated by a derangement in the RAS, it was maintained by other mechanisms in the long run. At 3 months of age, there was upregulation of the luminal sodium/glucose transporter and the basolateral sodium/bicarbonate transporter at the proximal tubule, as well as a numerically higher expression of the luminal sodium/hydrogen exchanger, suggesting that these abnormalities might also be related to the pathogenesis of hypertension in these rats. At 10 months of age, however, the expression of all these transporters was reduced, suggesting that none of them was responsible for the long-term maintenance of high blood pressure. Neonatal PDTC administration represents a new model of essential hypertension, possibly related to local renal activation of the RAS and to deranged sodium transport at the proximal tubule. In the long run, hypertension must be maintained by other mechanisms.
Diantouba, Bertin Aimé. "Effets structuraux des acyl-4-pyrazolones-5 dans l'extraction liquide-liquide des cations metalliques divalents." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13093.
Full textCosta, Pedro Henrique SÃ. "ModulaÃÃo da via das guanilinas pelo enalapril em ratos submetidos à nefrectomia 5/6." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13912.
Full textA doenÃa renal crÃnica (DRC) à caracterizada pela perda normalmente lenta, progressiva e irreversÃvel da funÃÃo renal. Sugere-se que, nesta patologia, a resposta natriurÃtica do organismo à ingestÃo de sal e a expansÃo de volume encontra-se reduzida em consequÃncia da lesÃo dos nÃfrons. Nesse contexto, mostram-se necessÃrios estudos que estabeleÃam uma relaÃÃo entre a DRC e a regulaÃÃo de peptÃdeos natriurÃticos, como guanilina (Gn), uroguanilina (UGn) e peptÃdeo natriurÃtico atrial (PNA), e o efeito da angiotensina II (AngII) sobre a regulaÃÃo destes peptÃdeos. Assim, buscou-se avaliar uma possÃvel modulaÃÃo da via das guanilinas pelo enalapril no modelo de nefrectomia 5/6 (nx5/6). Utilizou-se ratos Wistar, machos, com peso entre 250-300g. Os animais foram divididos em 4 grupos (n=8): grupos controle sem tratamento ou tratado com enalapril (10mg/kg v.o.) (SHAM e SHAM+E) e grupos submetidos à nx 5/6 sem tratamento ou tratado com enalapril (10 mg/kg v.o.) (Nx e Nx+E). Ao final da 10 semana apÃs a cirurgia, foram determinados alguns marcadores de funÃÃo renal. As amostras de rim foram encaminhadas para anÃlise histolÃgica e avaliaÃÃo expressÃo de RNAm para Gn, UGn, PNA e dos receptores da guanilato ciclase de membrana, GC-A e GC-C e do receptor de clearence (NPR-C). No intestino, determinou-se a expressÃo de RNAm para Gn, UGn e G-C. Nx apresentou os nÃveis sÃricos de creatinina (Nx= 1.28  0.07; SHAM= 0.67  0.02 mg/dL), urÃia (Nx=108.0  5.57; SHAM=96.83  4.08 mg/dL), proteinÃria (Nx=129.10  13.87 SHAM=96.83  4.07; mg/24hrs) e FENa+ (Nx=3.552  0.56; SHAM=1.43  0.16) aumentados, e a TFG (Nx=0.44  0.10  0.04; SHAM=0.97  0.07 mL/min) diminuÃda. Nx+E, quando comparado a Nx, apresentou nÃveis reduzidos de creatinina (Nx+E= 0.97  0.08; Nx=1.28  0.07 mg/dL), de proteinÃria (Nx+E=31.94  6.46 Nx= 129.10  13.87 mg/24hrs) e da FENa+ (Nx+E= 2.02  0.28; Nx=3.55  0.56), alÃm elevar a TFG (Nx+E=0.70  0.08; Nx=0.44  0.10 mL/min). Nx apresentou aumento da expressÃo gÃnica intra-renal de Gn (Nx=13.92  5.13; SHAM=1.08  0.20), UGn (Nx=12.77  7.00; SHAM=1.04  0.13), GC-A (Nx=5.91  1.36; SHAM=1.06  0.17) e NPR-C (Nx=7.835  1.72; SHAM=1.15  0.27), e Nx+E teve genes reduzidos para UGn (Nx+E=0.10  0.03; Nx=1.75  0.96), GC-A (Nx+E=0.031  0.01; Nx=1.18  0.27) e NPR-C (Nx+E=0.03  0.01; Nx=1.08  0.24) quando comparados a Nx. No intestino, houve uma reduÃÃo da transcriÃÃo de GC-C (Nx=0,22Â0,04; SHAM=1.12  0.22) em Nx, e o enalapril aumentou os nÃveis de expressÃo deste gene (Nx+E=3.94  0.57; Nx=1.15  0.22). Em conjunto, estes dados sugerem uma hiperativaÃÃo na via das guanilinas na DRC, alÃm de modulaÃÃo dessa classe de peptÃdeos por parte da AngII.
Lundberg, Karin. "Arthritogenic and immunogenic properties of modified autoantigens /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-303-5/.
Full textBryson, Steve. "Structure determination of the apo-form of human inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase type II." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ58916.pdf.
Full textBrown, Jeffery C., Robert K. Jr DeGuzman, Thomas S. III Fulford, Jesse E. Porter, Jeffery C. Brown, Robert K. Jr DeGuzman, and Thomas S. III Fulford. "Cost benefit analysis of the Department of the Navy's F-5 Tiger II contract." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9815.
Full textApproved for public release: distribution is unlimited
MBA Professional Report
Approved for public release: distribution is unlimited
This project consists of a Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) of the costs, issues and effects associated with replacing the F-5E/F Tiger II aircraft with F/A-18A/B. The three alternatives analyzed are (1) continued operation of the F-5E/F, (2) replacement of the F-5 with F/A-18A/B by 2008, and (3) installation of 4th generation pulse-doppler radar in the F-5E/F by 2008. The objective was to compare the three alternatives, choosing the alternative which provides the greatest net benefit and most efficient use of resources. The analysis involved data collection of operational costs per flight hour, total cost over the life of the program, and Contractor supported maintenance. Data for this research project were gathered from the actual maintenance contracts for both the F-5E/F Tiger II and F/A-18A/B aircraft at Fallon, NV, Naval Aviation Systems Command, and OFC-20. Our results suggest that NAVAIR should continue to use the F-5E/F Tiger II aircraft for the VFC-13 adversary training mission through 2014.
Kreckel, Thomas. "Der römische Vicus von Eisenberg II die Baubefunde auf der Parzelle von Haus 5 /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://madoc.bib.uni-mannheim.de/madoc/volltexte/2006/1302/.
Full textWang, Minchuan. "Localisation and function of type II α and β phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611569.
Full textIvassechen, Janaíne do Rocio. "Sílica mesoporosa como suporte sólido para o ancoramento da molécula 4-amino-3-hidrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole e aplicação na adsorção de Cu(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) e Co(II) em amostras aquosas /." Araraquara, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134329.
Full textBanca: Arnaldo Alves Cardoso
Banca: Maria Olimpia de Oliveira Rezende
Resumo: A determinação direta de metais presentes em baixas concentrações em amostras de águas naturais é geralmente dificultada devido à presença de espécies interferentes. Os metais que foram estudados, Cu (II), Pb(II), Co (II), Ni (II) e Cd (II) são de interesse ambiental em razão de seu uso intensivo, distribuição e por serem absolutamente não - degradáveis podem acumular - se em matrizes ambie ntais manifestando toxicidade. Ne ste projeto desenvolveu - se a sílica como suporte sólido para o ancoramento da molécula 4 - amino - 3 - hidrazino - 5 - mercapto - 1,2,4 - triazole e sua aplicação na adsorção/remoção de íons em solução aquosa. O material foi caracterizado por espectroscopia na r egião do infravermelho (FTIR), o qual apresentou bandas em 1690 - 1649 e 790 cm - 1, característica de ligações N - H de aminas primárias do ligante. A ressonância magnética nuclear de 13 C e 29 Si (RMN) comprovam o ancoramento do ligante. As medidas d e área de superfície específica pelo método de BET e diâmetro de poro resultaram em uma área de 795,51 ± 1,14 m2 g - 1 e poros numa gama de 1,1 a 7,1 nm. A Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) mostrou que o material tem formato esférico com tamanhos aproximadamente de 10 μm e a Análise por Energia Dispersiva de R aios X (EDX) mostro u uma distribuição homogênea do sililante por toda a superfície do material. Com isso, confirm ou - se a ocorrência da reação de modificação. O material foi aplicado em estudos de adsorção para determinação da sua capacidade máxima, bem como estudos da influê ncia do pH e estudos cinéticos no processo de equilíbrio Os experimentos foram realizados pelo método de batelada. O primeiro teste foi o pH PZC, que indica a melhor faixa de pH (5 - 9) para a adsorção. Os estudos de adsorção dos metais em solução apresentara m o melhor resultado quando o pH era igual a 6, o equilíbrio...
Abstract: The direct determination of metals present at trace levels in natural water samples is generally difficult due to the presence of interfering species. Metals that were studied, Cu(II), Pb(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) are of environmental interest because of its intensive use, distribution, and as a consequence of its non - degradability can be accumulated in environmental matrices manifesting toxicity. In this project was developed a mesoporous silica as solid support for the anchoring of 4 - amino - 3 - hydrazin o - 5 - mercapto - 1,2,4 - triazole molecule to be applied in the adsorption/removal of metals from aqueous solution. The material was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which showed bands at 1649 and 1690 - 790 cm - 1, characteristic of NH bonds of prima ry amines, existing in molecule ligand. The nuclear magnetic resonance 13 C and 29 Si (NMR) confirm the anchoring of the ligand. Measurements of specific surface area by the BET method and pore diam eter resulted in an area of 795.51 ± 1. 14 m 2 g - 1 and pores i n a range from 1.1 to 7.1 nm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the material has spherical shape with sizes of approximately 10 μ m and the analysis by Energy Dispersive X - ray (EDX) showed a homogeneous distribution of silylant over material su rface. Thus, it was confirmed the occurrence of the modification reaction. The material was applied in adsorption studies to determine its maximum adsorption capacity, as well as studies of the influence of pH and kinetic studies on the balance process. Th e experiments were performed by the batch method. The first test was the pH PZC which indicates the best pH range (5 - 9) for the adsorption. Adsorption studies showed the best results when pH was near 6 and the adsorption equilibrium was attained after 50 mi nutes of stirring time. For all species investigated the adsorption process is better described...
Mestre
Souza, Luciana Nunes Silva. "Doença de Hodgkin: análise do protocolo DH-II-90." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5141/tde-07052010-162554/.
Full textThe treatment of Hodgkin´s disease (HD) has been increasingly successful lately. Since today cure rates are about 85%, the challenge of new protocols for treatment of HD is to decrease its aggressiveness and consequent acute and late toxicity, without impairing results. The protocol DH-II-90 was designed to treat children and adolescents with HD. It consists of three cycles of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) and involved-field radiotherapy for low risk patients, and incremented with three cycles of MOP (mechlorethamine, vincristine and prednisone) or COP (replacing mechlorethamine by cyclophosfamide) and extended field radiotherapy for high risk patients. Objectives: the purposes of this study are 1) to assess the overall, disease free and event free survival of the protocol DH-II-90, 2) to assess the overall and event free survival by stage, age, presence of bulky disease, mediastinal mass, B symptoms, dose and type of radiotherapy, and 3) to describe late effects data collected from the patients´charts. Methods: This is a retrospective study to assess archive of patients with HD, with 0 to 21 years old, admitted to the pediatric oncology service of the Instituto da Criança da FMUSP diagnosed between 1990 and 2005 and treated with the protocol DH-II-90. Overall, disease free and event free survival curves were developed by the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed with the Cox regression. A significant level of 5% (p< 0.05) was employed. The clinical and laboratorial data of these patients are described, completing a profile of 15 year of experience. Results: The complete response rate after chemotherapy was 94.1% for all the group, 97.3% for the low risk patients and 90% for the high risk patients. The overall survival in 10 years was 96% for the low risk group and 93% for the high risk group. The 5- years disease free survival was 90%. Disease free survival for high risk patients was worse than low risk group (87% and 92% respectively), but it was not statistically significant (p: 0.486). The 5-year event free survival was 90%, with similar curves for low and high risk patients (p: 0.969). The presence of mediastinal mass and more than 2100 cGy radiation doses had negative impact on event free survival (p= 0.020 and p= 0.014 respectively). Thyroid gland dysfunction was the most frequent late effect described, with two cases of thyroid carcinoma as a secondary neoplasia. Conclusions: The DH-II-90 protocol is effective , while the presence of mediastinal mass and radiation dose over 2100 cGy have a negative impact on event free survival. Thyroid abnormalities are the most frequent late effects in this group of patients.
Bassler, Julia. "Androgenresistenz unklarer Genese neue Erkenntnisse zur Bedeutung der Androgenrezeptor- und 5[alpha]-Reduktase-II-Transkription /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97445303X.
Full textChen, Chun-Ting 1955. "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODEL BASE CONCEPT IN SIMSCRIPT II.5: APPLICATION TO COMPUTER NETWORK DESIGN." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291990.
Full textKrause, Andrew Robert. "II Samuel 5-8 as royal apology in light of Hittite royal apology genre [microform] : /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p048-0327.
Full textGarrison, Derek S. "Rationale for the Study of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 in Alveolar Type II Cells." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1226862267.
Full textBezerra, Camila Nogueira Alves. "Identificação de proteínas que interagem com a porção citoplasmática C-terminal do receptor para Angiotensina II (AT1aR) em células de tecido renal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-04112010-123949/.
Full textThe angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) is expressed in both apical and basolateral membranes in the renal proximal tubules. Although there are evidences that they have functional differences, such as the dependence on internalization for apical, but not basolateral, receptors to trigger physiological effects of angiotensin II, the mechanisms of this peculiar behavior are not clear. The carboxy-terminal tail of the AT1 receptor was shown to be involved in its internalization. Thus, in order to identify possible AT1R c-terminal interacting proteins, we have inserted the cDNA coding the last 53 amino acids of the C-terminus into pGEX-6P-2 vector. The gene translation product was a fusion protein (GST-AT1aR) weighting approximately 35 kDa which was immobilized on Glutathione Sepharose resin and incubated with rat renal cortex total membrane proteins (GST pull-down assay). The samples were then subjected to two dimensional gel electrophoresis. We identified six protein spots that specifically interacted with GST-AT1aR. These spots were cut and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Five different proteins were identified as probably associated with AT1aR, ATP synthase beta subunit, ATP synthase alpha subunit, GRP78 (glucose regulated protein of 78kDa), HSC70 (Heat shock cognate 71kDa protein) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPPIV). The interaction with ATP synthase beta subunit, HSC70 and GRP78 was confirmed by GST pull-down and western blotting. However, immunoprecipitation of total protein of renal cortex followed by immunobloting only confirmed the interaction with HSC70. This protein is a member of the Heat Shock Proteins family HSP70 also called chaperones, because their involvement in correct folding of newly synthesized proteins, refolding of partially denatured or misfolded proteins, and in protein degradation of irreparably damaged proteins. Recent studies have described new roles for HSC70, such as the participation in protein trafficking between intracellular compartments, recycling of proteins to the plasma membrane and endocytosis mediated by clathrin. Further studies are necessary to determine the physiological role of this interaction and whether this association is involved in the functional differences observed regarding the activation of the receptor in apical or basolateral membranes
Delarue, Catherine. "Etude de la phase ii associant 5 fu, acide folinique, cisplatine dans le traitement des adenocarcinomes gastriques avances." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11237.
Full textLima, Rariane Silva de. "Papel pró-inflamatório da angiotensina II na aorta de camundongos normotensos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-12062018-125517/.
Full textAngiotensin II exerts important physiological functions on cardiovascular system homeostasis and may mediate actions leading to inflammatory responses. These actions lead to the activation of vascular smooth muscle cells (CMLVs) as well as the endothelium, in order to produce reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules inducing diapedesis of cells of myeloid origin. In this context, variations in Angiotensin II concentrations could occur in the body, leading to discrete increases that do not directly and immediately interfere with blood pressure but could stimulate the recruitment and activation of myeloid cells capable of initiating local inflammatory responses. Such a situation would provide important information for triggering a chronic process on the mechanisms of maintaining blood pressure and potentially leading to cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to verify the ability of angiotensin II to induce an inflammatory response in the aorta and if there is a relation with variations of arterial pressure, even if discrete. For this, C57Bl/ 6 mice treated with saline solution (0.9%, control group) or Angiotensin II (30ng, Ang II group) were used. The animals were cannulated in the carotid artery and jugular vein, and 48 hours later PA and HR levels were recorded at baseline and after administration of saline or Ang II at 30 min, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h. The evaluation of the baroreflex sensitivity was performed after administration of phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside (100 and 150 ng). The evaluation of the inflammatory reaction in the aorta was performed by immunohistochemistry, using TGF-beta, iNOS as inflammatory markers and CD45 as a marker of macrophages. The evaluation of alpha-actin was performed in order to demonstrate a possible change in CMLV phenotype. At the end of the treatments, we verified that there was no change in blood pressure or heart rate, as well as there was no change in the baroreflex sensibility. A biphasic response was observed both for TGF-beta expression and for the presence of CD45 positive cells, with an acute increase (between 30 and 60 minutes) and another more chronic increase, between 24 and 48 hours. Positive staining for iNOS increased in longer periods, from 24 to 72 hours. Immunoblotting to alpha-actin showed no alterations, suggesting that the applied dose of angiotensin II does not alter the aortic CMLV phenotype. The results suggest that angiotensin II, even at doses that do not alter blood pressure, is capable of inducing the expression of inflammatory markers and the migration of inflammatory cells into the aorta of normotensive mice. Thus, angiotensin II may be considered to be capable of increasing the propensity to develop a cardiovascular injury, even in normotensive individuals
Crajoinas, Renato de Oliveira. "Papel da via receptor AT1/proteina Gi e da proteína motora miosina IIA no aumento da atividade do NHE3 pela angiotensina II em túbulo proximal renal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5166/tde-18122017-092553/.
Full textThe Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3), expressed on the apical membrane, is responsible for most NaCl and NaHCO3 - reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule. Direct phosphorylation of NHE3 by PKA at serine 552 is one of the mechanisms by which its activity is inhibited. Binding of angiotensin II (Ang II) to the AT1 receptor (AT1R) in the proximal tubule stimulates NHE3 activity through multiple signaling pathways. However, the effects of AT1R/Gi activation and subsequent decrease in cAMP accumulation on NHE3 regulation are not well established. Ang II can also stimulate NHE3 activity by promoting its translocations from the base to the body of the microvilli, however, the role of the myosin IIA motor protein in this translocation in response to Ang II is not yet established. Therefore, the aims of this thesis are: (1) to test the hypothesis that Ang II decreases the cAMP/PKA-mediated NHE3 phosphorylation levels at serine 552 increasing its activity by reducing cAMP levels and (2) to test the hypothesis that myosin IIA participates in the NHE3 redistribution from the base to the body of the microvilli in the renal proximal tubule under conditions in which sodium reabsorption is stimulated, such as in response to Ang II. In order to evaluate the effects of AT1R/Gi pathway activation on NHE3 regulation, by means the intracellular pH recovery technique, we verified that under basal conditions, Ang II stimulated NHE3 activity but did not affect PKA-mediated NHE3 phosphorylation at serine 552 in opossum kidney (OKP) cells. However, in the presence of the cAMP-elevating agent forskolin (FSK), Ang II counteracted FSK-induced NHE3 inhibition, reduced intracellular cAMP concentrations, lowered PKA activity, and prevented the FSK-mediated increase in NHE3 serine 552 phosphorylation. All effects of Ang II were blocked by pretreating OKP cells with the AT1R antagonist Losartan, highlighting the contribution of the AT1R/Gi pathway in Ang II-mediated NHE3 upregulation under cAMP-elevating conditions. We also verified that Gi protein inhibition by pertussis toxin treatment decreased NHE3 activity both in vitro and in vivo and, more importantly, prevented the stimulatory effect of Ang II on NHE3 activity in Wistar rat proximal tubules. Additionally, we assessed the effects of myosin IIA on NHE3 redistribution, and found that blebbistatin, a myosin IIA inhibitor, completely prevented the increase of Ang II-mediated NHE3 activity in Wistar rats and that blebbistatin was able to prevent the increase of NHE3 on the Ang II-treated OKP cells surface. Collectively, our results suggest that Ang II counteracts the effects of cAMP/PKA on NHE3 phosphorylation and inhibition by activating the AT1R/Gi pathway and that myosin IIA plays a role in mediating the NHE3 activity regulation in the rat renal proximal tubule in response to Ang II. Furthermore, these findings support the notion that NHE3 dephosphorylation at serine 552 may represent a key event in the regulation of renal proximal tubule sodium handling by Ang II in the presence of natriuretic hormones that promote cAMP accumulation and transporter phosphorylation, and that myosin IIA is involved in NHE3 trafficking regulation in the renal proximal tubule
Siegler, Maxime André. "Polymorphism of four enantiotropic crystalline systems containing Ni(II), H₂O, 15-crown-5 and NO₃⁻." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/732.
Full textTitle from document title page (viewed on March 24, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: xvii, 305 p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 295-301).
Goswami, Anwesha. "ELUCIDATING THE MECHANISM OF LIPL: A NON-HEME FE(II), α -KETOGLUTARATE: URIDINE-5’-MONOPHOSPHATE DIOXYGENASE." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/45.
Full textKrause, Andrew Robert. "II Samuel 5-8 as royal apology in light of Hittite royal apology genre [electronic resource] : /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2007. http://www.tren.com.
Full textAtwan, Zeenah. "Promyelocytic leukaemia protein isoform II and mild heat stress compromise human adenovirus type 5 gene expression." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/80877/.
Full textHuerto, Vizcarra Héctor. "Nueva Colección Documental de la Independencia del Perú. La Rebelión de Túpac Amaru II. Volumen 5." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC); Fondo Editorial del Congreso de la República del Perú; Asociación por la Cultura y la Educación Digital; Fundación M. J. Bustamante de la Fuente; Red de Investigadores Indigenistas, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622980.
Full textKolář, Jan. "Metody částečné rekonfigurace programovatelných struktur." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217848.
Full textCoat, Françoise. "Elaboration et proprietes de chaines de carbone inorganique stabilisees par les groupements terminaux (c#5me#5)(dppe)fe(ii) et (c#5me#5)(dppe)fe(iii)." Rennes 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN10141.
Full textFischer, Alexander Achilles. "Von Hebron nach Jerusalem : eine redaktionsgeschichtliche Studie zur Erzählung von König David in II Sam 1-5 /." Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39903167f.
Full textTORKESTANI, KAMRAN. "Extraction liquide-liquide de cu(ii), zn(ii) et cd(ii) par le 3-phenyl-4-benzoyl-5-hydroxy-isoxazole en presence de nitrate de methyl tri-octylammonium ou d'oxyde de tri-octylphosphine." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR13075.
Full textMillay, Heidi Linn Hruska. "Leaving Ligand Effects on Reactivity and Solubility of Monofunctional Platinum(II) Anticancer Complexes." TopSCHOLAR®, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3154.
Full textGomes-Santos, Igor Lucas. "Angiotensina II e treinamento físico na insuficiência cardíaca: implicações para a miopatia esquelética." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-04042014-162601/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Chapter 1. Heart Failure (IC) is a syndrome accompanied by a sympathetic and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) hyperactivity. The deleterious actions of RAS are attributed to Angiotensin II (AngII), but Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1- 7)), a metabolite of AngII, shows benefic cardiovascular effects opposing to AngII. The traditional concept states that the systemic concentrations are responsible for RAS actions, although increasingly evidence emerge about the functional role of local RAS. The working hypothesis was that the RAS alterations, if any, would be different on this two territories of heart failure rats, and the exercise training should correct this alterations. Chapter 2. Heart failure is a systemic syndrome in which neuroendocrine factors, such as angiotensin II (AngII), can lead to peripheral damage. In skeletal muscle, the hyperactivity of ubiquitin-proteasome system (SUP) is one of the elements composing the myopathy framework, elevating the catabolism toward atrophy, and contributing to the worsening of the syndrome. Exercise training normalizes SUP and reduces plasmatic concentrations of AngII. On this way, we tested the hypothesis that exercise training-mediated SUP deactivation is dependent on plasma falls of AngII. METHODS: Chapter 1. Male Wistar rats underwent left coronary artery ligation or Sham (SH) operation. They were allocated in sedentary, SD (SHSD, n=10 and ICSD, n=12) or trained, TR (SHTR, n=10 and ICTR, n=12) groups. The exercise training consisted in treadmill running, at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake, 5 days per week, during 8 weeks, when they were killed for blood and skeletal muscle (soleus and plantaris) collection. Angiotensin\'s concentrations were determined by HPLC. ACE and ACE2 activity were accessed in serum and muscles by fluorimetry, and by protein expression (Western Blot) in the muscles. AT1 and AT2 receptors were quantified by protein and gene (RT-PCR) expression, and Mas receptor by gene expression. Chapter 2. Male Wistar rats underwent left coronary artery ligation or Sham operation. After 4 weeks, Sham operated rats (n=10) constituted a healthy, sedentary control group (SHSD), and the heart failure rats (n=30) were equally allocated into 3 groups: sedentary (ICSD), trained (ICTR) and trained with plasma AngII at the same level of sedentary, heart failure rats (ICTRAII), kept by an osmotic minipump. The exercise training consisted in treadmill running, at 55% of maximal oxygen uptake, 5 days per week, during 8 weeks, when they were killed for blood and skeletal muscle (soleus and plantaris) collection. AngII concentrations were determined by HPLC. Gene expression of E3?, MuRF e Atrogin were performed by PR-PCR. AT1 receptor, ubiquitinated and carbonylated (oxyblot) proteins were quantified by Western Blot. Proteasomal 26S activity were determined by fluorimetry. RESULTS: Chapter 1. Heart failure reduced circulating ACE2 activity, and exercise training reduced ACE and normalized ACE2 activity in this rats. AngII concentration reduced in both trained groups, increasing Ang-(1-7)/AngII ratio on ICTR group. The studied skeletal muscles did not change activity or protein expression of ACE and ACE2, although the AngII, which was increased with heart failure, has normalized with exercise training. Absolute Ang-(1-7) concentration increased in plantaris muscle, and a strong tendency of significant increase was shown in soleus muscle of trained rats. Also in the soleus, AT1 receptor raised with heart failure, and the exercise training normalized the gene as well as protein expression of this receptor, also increasing gene expression of Mas receptor of trained groups. In plantaris muscle, exercise normalized Mas receptor in ICTR, without influencing AT1 receptor. No significant changes among groups were found in relation to AT2 receptor of the studied muscles. Chapter 2. Exercise training promoted an improvement of exercise capacity in trained groups. AngII raised in skeletal muscle of rats with heart failure, and exercise training normalized this. Circulating AngII, as expected, reduced only in ICTR group. AT1 receptor expression increased in soleus muscle of heart failure, and normalized after exercise in trained rats, without any difference among groups in plantaris muscle. Regarding E3 ligases gene expression and quantity of ubiquitinated and carbonylated proteins, there were no differences among groups in soleus muscle. Nevertheless, in plantaris muscle, atrogin expression was increased in heart failure rats, and exercise training reduced atrogin, as well as E3alpha and MuRF expression. These improvements were impaired by AngII infusion. Mirroring this scenario, the amount of ubiquitinated and carbonylated proteins increased with heart failure and reduced with exercise training, but AngII infusion lessen the reduction of ubiquitinated proteins and completely blunted the effects of exercise on carbonylated proteins. Proteasome 26S activity was increased in both muscles of heart failure rats, and exercise avoided this increase in trained rats, being significantly reduced in ICTRAII. CONCLUSIONS: Chapter 1. In a model of chronic heart failure rats, AngII levels are increased in skeletal muscle, but not in the circulation. The exercise training reduces plasma and normalizes skeletal muscle concentration of AngII. This reduction is accompanied by an increase Ang-(1-7) levels, or improvements of Ang-(1-7)/AngII ratio in both systemic and local territories, indicating an attenuation of RAS hyperactivity with exercise training in heart failure rats. Chapter 2. In a model of chronic heart failure rats, there is a difference on SUP activation profile in soleus and plantaris muscle. Exercise training reduces SUP activity and, in plantaris muscle, this amelioration seems to be, at least in part, dependent of a reduction in AngII levels
Júnior, Rosalvo Zosimo Bispo. "Fatores prognósticos da sobrevida no osteossarcoma primário: grau I versus II de Huvos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-24022010-153548/.
Full textThe purpose of this study was to compare the prognostic of survivor of histologic graduation post chemotherapy (Huvos´s grade I versus II), aiming to identify prognostic factors concerning to local recurrence free survival (LRFS), metastases free survival (MFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with nonmetastatic primary osteosarcoma. This study included 24 patients registred in the Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - Brazil, from 2000 to 2004. Survivor rates were calculed using Kaplan-Meier method. Huvos´s grade (I e II) were compared using the Log Rank test. Cox proportional hazards model was used for multifatorial analysis. Statistical significance was defined as a p value less than 0, 05. The Huvos´s grade I versus II was not significant factor for LRFS, MFS or OS. The adverse factors for LRFS and OS in univariate analysis were nonosteoblastic histologic subtypes (p=0,017) and large tumor (p=0,048). For MFS nonosteoblastic histologic subtypes (p=0,007) had worse prognostic. The histologic subtypes maintained their significance in multivariate testing on all studied survivor
SUZUKI, Daisuke, Yoko AKEUCHI, Sen-ichi ODA, and Yoshiharu MURATA. "Cloning of a cDNA for Type II Iodothyronine 5' Deiodinase in the House Musk Shrew (Suncus murinus. Insectivora : Soricidae)." Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/2785.
Full textSilva, Amanda Alves. "Caracterização bioquímica da Beta-Xilosidase II de Caulobacter crescentus visando a degradação da biomassa lignocelulósica para aplicações biotecnológicas." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/5.
Full textLignocellulosic biomass are the raw material most abundant and promising as a natural and renewable resource. These plant materials are complex carbohydrate polymer composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which are linked by covalent bonds and can be transformed into value-added products, such as biofuels. The degradation of lignocellulosic material is made mainly from enzymes produced by microorganisms such as filamentous fungi, yeast and bacteria. Ethanol production from agricultural residues, based on the enzymatic hydrolysis, it takes basically four stages: production of enzymes, pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Pretreatment is a work that will break the lignin cellulose complex, reducing the degree of crystallinity of the cellulose and increase the porosity of the material, by increasing the surface area of the biomass. However, pre-treatment products can generate inhibitors which include phenolic and other aromatic, aliphatic acids, aldehydes, furans, inorganic ions. The fermentation and simultaneous saccharification is an important approach for producing cellulosic or ethanol of second generation, where the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and fermentation are simultaneously carried out in the same reactor, in order to obtain ethanol at a high rate and decrease formation of inhibitor compounds. Enzymatic hydrolysis requires, first, that the lignocellulosic biomass is pretreated to increase access to enzymatic attack, so that later the cellulose is broken down by cellulase action. Xylanases include the group of enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of xylan, the major constituent of hemicellulose. The key enzymes involved in this process are β-1,4-endoxylanase and β-D-xylosidase. Endoxylanase cleave glycosidic linkages of the main chain of xylan releasing xylo-oligosaccharides, which are used by β-xylosidase to produce monomers of xylose. The alfaproteobacteria Caulobacter crescentus is non pathogenic, Gram negative, mainly found in aquatic environments and on many types of soils. This bacterium has about seven genes directly associated with xylan degradation and five of them encoding β-xylosidases. To date, there are only three studies on the β-xylosidase II from C. crescentus. The first characterization of this enzyme showed that it is capable of hydrolyzing substrates such as xylobiose, xylotriose and xilopentose whose optimum pH is 6 and optimum temperature is 55°C, although it is stable at 50°C, which shows a thermotolerance, indicating strong enough to be used in different biotechnological applications. The stability and reusability of enzymes are of fundamental importance, since they reflect significantly on the cost of the final product, and one way to achieve this is with the immobilization of enzymes, consisting of confinement thereof in a matrix or support, which can be inert polymers or inorganic materials, so that its catalytic activity is retained and the enzyme can be used repeatedly and continuously. In the present report, it was found that the β-xylosidase II (CcXynB2) of Caulobacter crescentus increased by 62% of its activity in 5 mM KCl probably as a consequence of a positive role of K+ ions. CCxynB2 was measured against various compounds described as inhibitors of hydrolysis and fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass and showed 61% more tolerant incubation with ethanol (200 mM) at 37 °C for 48 h in the absence of alcohol. The specific activities of CcXynB2 were evaluated in the presence of 10mM phenol or galacturonic acid, 100 mM hydroxymethylfurfural or ferulic acid, 1 mM acetic acid, 200 mM arabinose, glucose or xylose and it was found that were equal (100%) or much higher than the values obtained in the total absence of these compounds after 48 h. When the inhibitors were used in combination, the CcXynB2 retained 67% of its initial activity after testing at 37°C during 48 h. The enzymatic hydrolysis of hemicellulose from corncob was conducted with CcXynB2 alone or in synergism with xylanase and commercial β-glycosidase, which were more efficient in performed the saccharification of hemicellulose from 37-50 °C. The immobilized CcXynB2 in mobile phase resin led to a protective effect of specific activity, which was proportionally parallel to decreased temperatures (60 to -20°C). The data presented here indicate that CcXynB2 is promising and has potential to work in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation processes for cellulosic ethanol production. To our knowledge, is the first time that similar results are reported in the literature to bacterial β-xylosidases. Thus, this work contribute positively by providing essential information to improve the use of β-xylosidase II of Caulobacter crescentus.
Biomassas lignocelulósicas constituem a matéria-prima mais abundante e promissora como recurso natural e renovável. Esses materiais vegetais são polímeros de carboidratos complexos compostos basicamente por celulose, hemicelulose e lignina, que estão unidos entre si por ligações covalentes e podem ser convertidos em produtos de valor agregado, como os biocombustíveis. A degradação dos materiais lignocelulósicos é feita a partir de enzimas produzidas principalmente por micro-organismos como fungos filamentosos, leveduras e bactérias. Para obter etanol a partir de resíduos agroindustriais, baseando-se na hidrólise enzimática, são necessárias, basicamente, quatro etapas: produção de enzimas, pré-tratamento, hidrólise enzimática e fermentação. O pré-tratamento é o processo que irá dissociar o complexo lignina-celulose, reduzir o grau de cristalinidade da celulose e aumentar a porosidade dos materiais, através do aumento da área superficial da biomassa. No entanto, o pré-tratamento pode gerar produtos inibidores, que incluem compostos fenólicos e outros aromáticos, ácidos alifáticos, aldeídos, furanos, íons inorgânicos. A fermentação e sacarificação simultânea é uma estratégia importante para a produção de etanol celulósico ou de segunda geração, onde a hidrólise enzimática da celulose e a fermentação são desenvolvidas simultaneamente no mesmo reator, com o intuito de obter etanol em altas taxas e diminuir a formação de compostos inibidores. A hidrólise enzimática necessita, primeiramente, que a biomassa lignocelulósica seja pré-tratada para aumentar o acesso ao ataque enzimático, para que posteriormente a celulose seja quebrada pela ação de celulases. As xilanases compreendem o grupo de enzimas responsáveis pela hidrólise do xilano, principal constituinte da hemicelulose. As principais enzimas envolvidas nesse processo são β-1,4-endoxilanase e a β-D-xilosidase. Endoxilanases clivam as ligações glicosídicas da cadeia principal do xilano liberando xilo-oligossacarídeos, que são utilizados pelas β-xilosidases para liberar xilose. A alfaproteobactéria Caulobacter crescentus é não patogênica, Gram negativa, encontrada principalmente em ambientes aquáticos e em muitos tipos de solos. Essa bactéria apresenta cerca de sete genes envolvidos diretamente na degradação do xilano, sendo que cinco deles codificam para β-xilosidases. Até o momento, existem apenas três trabalhos sobre a β-xilosidase II de C. crescentus. A primeira caracterização da enzima mostrou que esta é capaz de hidrolisar substratos como xilobiose, xilotriose e xilopentose, cujo pH ótimo é 6 e temperatura ótima é 55ºC, embora seja mais estável em 50ºC, o que demonstra uma modesta termotolerância, indicando ser suficientemente resistente para diferentes aplicações biotecnológicas. A estabilidade e a possibilidade de reutilização de enzimas são de fundamental importância, pois refletem significativamente no custo do produto final, e uma forma de conseguir isso é com a imobilização de enzimas, que consiste no confinamento da mesma em uma matriz ou suporte, que podem ser polímeros inertes ou materiais inorgânicos, de modo que sua atividade catalítica fique retida e a enzima possa ser usada repetidamente e continuamente. No presente trabalho, verificou-se que a β-xilosidase II (CcXynB2) de Caulobacter crescentus aumentou 62% da sua atividade em 5 mM de KCl provavelmente em consequência de um papel positivo dos íons K+. CcXynB2 foi avaliada frente a diferentes compostos descritos como inibidores do processo de hidrólise e fermentação da biomassa lignocelulósica e mostrou-se 61% mais tolerante a incubação com etanol (200 mM) a atividades específicas da CcXynB2 foram avaliadas na presença de 10 mM fenol ou ácido galacturônico, 100 mM de hidroximetilfurfural ou ácido ferúlico, 1 mM de ácido acético, 200 mM de arabinose, glicose ou xilose, e verificou-se que foram iguais (100%) ou muito superiores aos valores obtidos na ausência total destes compostos após 48 h. Quando os inibidores foram usados em associação, a CcXynB2 reteve 67% da sua atividade inicial após 48 h de ensaio a 37ºC. A hidrólise enzimática da hemicelulose de sabugo de milho foi conduzida com CcXynB2 isoladamente ou em sinergismo com xilanase e β-glicosidase comerciais, as quais foram mais eficientes em sacarificar a hemicelulose entre 37-50ºC. A imobilização da CcXynB2 em resina de fase móvel levou a um efeito protetor da atividade específica, que ocorreu de forma paralela à diminuição de temperatura (60 a -20ºC). Os dados apresentados aqui indicam que a CcXynB2 é promissora e possui potencial para atuar em processos de sacarificação e fermentação simultânea para produção de etanol celulósico. Segundo nosso conhecimento, é a primeira vez que resultados similares são relatados na literatura para β-xilosidases bacterianas. Dessa forma, este trabalho pode contribuir positivamente, fornecendo informações fundamentais para aprimorar o uso da β-xilosidase II de Caulobacter crescentus
Santos, Evania Danieli Andrade. "Sínteses de monômeros derivatizados com 3-aminopiridina contendo complexos polipiridínicos de Ru(II) do tipo cis-[RuCl2(α-diimina)] onde α-diimina: 2,2᾿-bipiridina e 1,10-fenantrolina e 5-Cl-1,10-fenantrolina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-25082009-102933/.
Full textThe monomer ligands 3amdpy2oxaNBE (1), 3imdpyoxaNBE (2) and amic acid (3) were synthesized and characterized by elementar analysis (CHN), infrared and 1H e 13C NMR. Since monomer 1, it was synthesized complexes of type [RuCl2(LL)], where LL=bpy 37 (complex 4), phen (complex 6) or 5-Cl-phen (complexo 7), with which photophysics and photochemical studies were performed. The complexes 6 and 7 presented efficient photophysics and they do not presented photochemistry, while the similar complexes [Ru(bpy)2(3amnpy)2](PF6)2 (5) and [Ru(phen)2(3amnpy)2](PF6)2 (8), which possess the aminopyridine in place of monomer 1, presented photochemistry. It was observed that the difference in the rigidity of the ligands phen and bpy may cause different photochemical and photophysical properties in systems of type cis-[RuCl2(?- diimine)]. All complexes exhibited absorptions in region of 350 nm and between 420 and 500 nm, where 5 and 8 presented photochemistry and the complexes 6 and 7 presented photophysics. They were studied in different solvents (DMF, CH3CN, CH2Cl2, THF) and in different irradiation wavelength (340, 440 e 500 nm). The emission of the complexes 6 (580 nm) and 7 (582 nm) in acetonitrile is attributed to an MLCT (Ru_phen). It was observed independence of _irr, however there is dependence of emission when the temperature is lowered. Furthermore, their photocatalytic properties are demonstrated by oxidative quenching using methylviologen ion. One should consider that the chelating ring of monomer ligand 1 contributes even more to the stabilization of these complexes, unlike, 5 and 8 that possess photolabilization.
Vallada, Marcelo Genofre. "Determinação da sensibilidade e especificidade de teste de liberação de interferon-gama por linfócitos ativos estimulados por antígenos específicos do Mycobacterium tuberculosis em crianças." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5141/tde-08122009-183732/.
Full textBACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem, affecting people from all ages and diverse socioeconomic incomes. Despite the high risk that children have to develop the disease, accurate methods for diagnosis are not yet available. In this study the accuracy of an interferon-gamma release assay (QuantiFERON-TB Gold In Tube® [Cellestis, Carnegie, Australia]) was evaluated for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children. METHODS: 195 children were evaluated, 184 children without mycobacterial infection, and 11 children infected by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All the children had been previously vaccinated with BCG. Immunocompromised children were excluded from the study. A blood sample was obtained from each child, and it was processed according the manufacturer´s instructions. The performance of the assay was evaluated by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: In the group of 184 noninfected children, 74 (40.2%) were female and 130 (70.6%) were younger than four years old. The mean age in this group was 35 months. Six children (3.2%) had indeterminate test result, one child (0.5%) had a positive test result, and 177 (96.2%) children had negative test results. In the group of 11 infected children, seven (63.0%) were female, and the mean age in this group was 58.5 months. Two children (18.0%) in this group had a negative test result. The ROC curve determined an area under the curve of 0.876 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.92; p< 0.001), disclosing a high positive predictive value for the test. The assay sensibility was 81.8% (95% CI, 48.2% to 97.2%) and the assay specificity was 98.8% (95% CI, 96.0% to 99.8%), the positive predictive value was 81.8% (95% CI: 46.3% to 97.4%) and the negative predictive value was 98.9% (95% CI: 96.0% to 99.8%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the accuracy of the assay was high for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children previously vaccinated with BCG. The use of this assay for the routine evaluation of children exposed to the disease may help physicians to decide on whether to start chemoprophylaxis or tuberculosis treatment.
Sobrinho, Aloir Queiroz de Araújo. "Efeito do antagonismo de angiotensina II em pacientes portadores de cardiomiopatia hipertrófica não obstrutiva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-02042007-104427/.
Full textBACKGROUND: In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV) is caused by myocite hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Angiotensin II (Ang II) has trophic and profibrotic effects on the heart, and may impair myocardial relaxation. In hypertensive LV hypertrophy Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptors blockade can reverse hypertrophy and fibrosis, and in animals with HCM, losartan reversed myocardial fibrosis. The effects of Ang II antagonism in humans with HCM are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of losartan, an AT1 blocker, in patients with non-obstructive HCM, with emphasis on LV diastolic function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 27 consecutive patients, mean age 34.4 years, 14 males, were treated with losartan 100 mg/day during 6 months. Evaluations were performed at baseline and at 6 months, as follows: functional class (FC), left atrium diameter (LAD), LV hypertrophy and LV diastolic function (M-mode echocardiography, mitral flow and pulmonary venous flow Doppler, mitral annulus tissue Doppler), and plasma concentrations of the amino-terminal fragment of proBNP (NT-proBNP). RESULTADOS: FC - of the 19 symptomatic patients before the treatment, 8 (42%) were free of symptoms at 6 months (p=0.008). There were no changes in LV wall and cavity measures. LAD decreased from 43.3±6.2 mm to 40.5±6.1 mm (p<0.0001), and pulmonary venous atrial reverse velocity decreased from 36.4±9.7 cm/s to 32.2±6.2 cm/s (p=0.008). Tissue Doppler: mitral annulus early diastolic velocity (Ea) increased from 10.7±3.2 cm/s to 11.95±3.01 cm/s (p=0.004), Ea/Aa ratio increased from 1.11±0.36 to 1.33±0.48 (p=0.009), and E/Ea ratio decreased from 8.37±5.4 to 6.46±3.2 (p=0.004). NT-proBNP - there was a decrease in the median value from 652 pg/ml to 349 pg/ml, as well as a decrease in quartiles, maximum and minimum values (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: In patients with non-obstructive HCM, treatment with losartan 100 mg/day during 6 months resulted in Doppler echocardiographic and biochemical changes indicative of LV diastolic function amelioration, in the absence of evident LV hypertrophy regression. These preliminary results are promising and suggest that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system may be benefic in human HCM
Barauna, Valerio Garrone. "ECA e receptor AT1 participam da mecanotransdução de sinais hemodinâmicos independentemente da angiotensina II." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-10032010-115936/.
Full textHemodynamic forces such as pressure and shear stress modulate the patophysiolgy of the cardiovascular system. In this study, we investigated two transmembranic key molecules of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as mechanosensors and mechanotransducers of physical forces: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) and Angiotensin II type 1 Receptor (AT1). ACE is an enzyme that converts angiotensin I in angiotensin II. Recently, it was demonstrated that ACE cytoplasmic tail can be phosphorylated by ACE inhibitors and elicited intracellular cell signaling. Here, we observed that shear stress, but not stretch, decreased ACE cytoplasmic phosphorylation after 5 minutes and maintained up to 18 hours. ACE extracellular portion act as mechanosensor and JNK pathway participate in the mechanotransduction activation. In addition, we also demonstrate that decrease in ACE phosphorylation is involved in ACE expression downregulation by shear stress. AT1 receptor is the main effector molecule of angiotensin II cellular responses. It has recently been shown that AT1 receptor can directly be activated by mechanical stretch stress through an angiotensin-II-independent mechanism. In the present study, we observed that shear stress also activates AT1 receptor which is blocked by Candesartan, but not by Losartan. The intracellular pathway activated by shear stress involves both G-protein and extracellular calcium. Interestingly, preconditioning of AT1 receptor by shear stress impairs its responsiveness to angiotensin II while the pretreatment with angiotensin II still allow AT1 responsiveness to shear stress. Altogether, we demonstrated that ACE and AT1 receptor activates intracellular signal in response to mechanical force. This new concept for the RAS, the modulation of these molecules by mechanical forces gives new insigh into the discovery for pharmacological interventions to the RAS
Wondracek, Marcos Henrique Pereira [UNESP]. "Síntese e aplicação de sílica modificada na adsorção de Cu(II), Cd(II) e As(V) em meio aquoso: pré-concentração em amostras de águas naturais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152253.
Full textApproved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-11-09T13:58:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 wondracek_mhp_dr_araiq.pdf: 3488966 bytes, checksum: 44030b3422f6b77b9ba441eb0905cb23 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-09T13:58:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 wondracek_mhp_dr_araiq.pdf: 3488966 bytes, checksum: 44030b3422f6b77b9ba441eb0905cb23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-05
Item merged in doublecheck by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-12-07T17:59:08Z Item was identical to item(s): 153113, 153193 at handle(s): http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152063, http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152164
Este trabalho relata o desenvolvido de métodos analíticos que visa à determinação de algumas espécies tóxicas e potencialmente tóxicas de metais e metalóides em níveis ultra-traço em amostra de água naturais, utilizando uma técnica analítica menos sensível, como a espectrometria de absorção atômica em chama (FAAS). Essa técnica foi escolhida por ser relativamente simples e possuir baixo custo operacional. A técnica de extração em fase sólida (EFS), utilizando um novo material sorvente, foi utilizada para separar e pré-concentrar os analitos. Este estudo demonstra o procedimento de uma nova rota sintética via co-condensação visando à produção de uma sílica mesoporosa organofuncionalizada com o ligante 4-amino-3-hidrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole e, sua utilização como sorvente para pré-concentração/análise de especiação de íons metálicos em amostras de água. O material produzido foi caracterizado por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR), BET, ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) de 29Si e 13C, dentre outras. As características adsortivas desse material foram estabelecidas em estudos de batelada, onde se estudou o efeito do pH, cinética de adsorção e capacidade máxima de adsorção. A otimização multivariada foi utilizada para obtenção das melhores condições químicas e de fluxo no sistema de pré-concentração, permitindo avaliar as interações principais e secundárias entre os fatores. Por meio da análise dos espectros obtidos por FTIR foi possível observar bandas de estiramento C–H, C–Cl e (NH2) oriundos da fração orgânica do material. A área superficial foi de 369,84 m2 g-1com diâmetro médio de poros em 7,1 nm, relacionados a materiais mesoporosos. Os resultados obtidos por RMN de 29Si comprovam a formação do material híbrido, sintetizado por co-condensação, e o RMN de 13C confirma o ancoramento do ligante na matriz. O pH que favorece a adsorção dos íons foi 5,0 para Cu(II) e 3,0 para Cd(II) e As(V). O modelo cinético de pseudo segunda ordem apresentou melhor ajuste aos dados experimentais, indicando adsorção química. Os dados de sorção desses íons metálicos mostraram bom ajuste ao modelo de Langmuir, com capacidade máxima de adsorção próxima aos valores obtidos experimentalmente, 0,057, 0,018 e 0,060 mmol g-1 para Cu(II), Cd(II) e As(V), respectivamente, indicando que a sorção ocorre em monocamada. Os parâmetros analíticos encontrados para o Cu(II) foram: fator de pré-concentração de 18,1; intervalo linear de 10,0 – 200,0 µg L-1 (R = 0,999) e LD de 1,45 µg L-1. Para o Cd(II): fator de pré-concentração de 15,8; intervalo linear de 2,0 – 100,0 µg L-1 (R = 0,999) e LD de 0,38 µg L-1. Para o As(V): fator de pré-concentração de 5,0; intervalo linear de 0,25 – 2,5 µg L-1 (R = 0,999) e LD de 0,039 µg L-1. A exatidão foi checada pelo método de adição e recuperação e/ou método comparativo com GFAAS ou ICP OES. As recuperações variaram de 97 – 106% (Cu), 100 – 105% (Cd), 88 – 103% (As(V)) e 96 – 106% (As(total)). Os resultados para Cu(II) determinados com os métodos propostos foram concordantes com os obtidos com o método comparativo. Conclui-se que o material produzido apresenta bom potencial para ser aplicado na extração/pré-concentração de cobre, cádmio e análise de especiação inorgânica de arsênio. Provou-se também que baixos limites de detecção e quantificação podem ser obtidos mesmo utilizando uma técnica menos sensível como a FAAS.
This paper reports on the development of analytical methods for the determination of some toxic and potentially toxic species in ultra - trace levels in natural water samples using a less sensitive analytical technique such as flame atomic absorpti on spectrometry (FAAS). This technique was chosen because it is relatively simple and has a low operating cost. The solid phase extraction technique (SPE) using a new sorbent material was used to separate and preconcentrate the analyte. This study demonstr ates the procedure of a new synthetic route using the technique of the co - condensation for the production of a mesoporous organo - functionalised silica with the 4 - amino - 3 - hydrazino - 5 - mercapto - 1,2,4 - triazole ligant and its use as a sorbent for preconcentrati on/ analysis of metal ion s speciation in water samples. The material produced was characterized by infra - red spectroscopy (FTIR), BET, 29 Si and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), among others. The adsorptive characteristics of this material were establis hed in batch studies, where the effect of pH, adsorption kinetics and maximum adsorption capacity were studied. Multivariate optimization was used to obtain the best chemical and flow conditions in the preconcentration system, allowing the evaluation of th e main and secondary interactions among the factors. By means of the analysis of the spectra obtained by FTIR, it was possible to observe C - H, C - Cl and (NH 2 ) stretch bands from the organic fraction of the material. The surface area was 369.84 m 2 g - 1 with a verage pore diameter at 7.1 nm related to mesoporous materials. The results obtained by 29 Si NMR prove the formation of the hybrid material, synthesized by co - condensation, and the 13 C NMR confirms the anchoring of the ligan t in the matrix. The pH 5.0 it w as favors the adsorption of the ions Cu (II), the pH 3.0 it was favors the adsorption of the Cd (II) and As (V). The kinetic model of pseudo second order showed better adjustment to the experimental data, indicating chemical adsorption. The adsorption data of Cu (II), Cd (II), and As (V) were similar to those of the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.057, 0.018 and 0.060 mmol g - 1 for Cu (II), Cd(III) and As(V) , respectively, indicating that the sorption occurs in monolayer. The analyt ical parameters for Cu (II) were: preconcentration factor of 18.1; linear range of 10.0 - 200.0 μg L - 1 (R = 0.999) and LD of 1.45 μg L - 1 . For Cd (II): preconcentration factor of 15.8; linear range of 2.0 - 100.0 μg L - 1 (R = 0.999) and LD of 0.38 μg L - 1 . Fo r As (V): preconcentration factor of 5.0; linear range of 0.25 - 2.5 μg L - 1 (R = 0.999) and LD of 0.039 μg L - 1 . Accuracy was checked by addi tion and recovery method of the standard and/ or comparative method with GFAAS or ICP OES. The recovery ranged from 97 - 106% Cu(II), 100 - 105% Cd (II), 88 - 103% As (V) and 96 - 106% As (total)). The results for Cu (II) determined with the proposed methods were concordant with those obtained with the comparative. It is concluded that the material produced can be successfully applied in the extraction / preconcentration of copper, cadmium and analysis of inorganic speciation of arsenic and low limits of detection and quantification can be obtained even using a less sensitive technique such as FAAS.