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Journal articles on the topic 'Ileal microbiome'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 July 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Olaisen, Maya, Arnar Flatberg, Atle van Beelen Granlund, et al. "Bacterial Mucosa-associated Microbiome in Inflamed and Proximal Noninflamed Ileum of Patients With Crohn’s Disease." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 27, no. 1 (2020): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa107.

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Abstract Background Microbiota is most likely essential in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD). Fecal diversion after ileocecal resection (ICR) protects against CD recurrence, whereas infusion of fecal content triggers inflammation. After ICR, the majority of patients experience endoscopic recurrence in the neoterminal ileum, and the ileal microbiome is of particular interest. We have assessed the mucosa-associated microbiome in the inflamed and noninflamed ileum in patients with CD. Methods Mucosa-associated microbiome was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing of biopsies sampled 5 and 15 cm o

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Wang, Leli, Yiru Zhang, Juan Xu, et al. "Biosynthetic Gene Clusters from Swine Gut Microbiome." Microorganisms 11, no. 2 (2023): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020434.

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The abuse of antibiotics has become a serious health challenge in the veterinary field. It creates environmental selection pressure on bacteria and facilitates the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes. The speed of discovery and application of cost-effective alternatives to antibiotics is slow in pig production. Natural products from biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) represent promising therapeutic agents for animal and human health and have attracted extraordinary passion from researchers due to their ability to participate in biofilm inhibition, stress resistance, and the killing of c

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Olaisen, M., A. Flatberg, A. van Beelen Granlund, et al. "P833 Bacterial mucosa-associated microbiome in inflamed and proximal non-inflamed ileum of patients with Crohn’s disease." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (2020): S645—S646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.961.

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Abstract Background The microbiota most likely has an essential role in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD). While faecal diversion after ileocecal resection (ICR) protects against CD recurrence, re-exposure triggers inflammation. After ICR, the majority of patients develop recurrence in the neoterminal ileum and the ileal microbiome is of particular interest. We have therefore assessed the mucosa-associated bacterial microbiome in the inflamed and non-inflamed ileum of patients with CD. Methods Patients with an established diagnosis of CD undergoing ileocolonoscopy and healthy controls (

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Zhen, Yongkang, Chong Zhang, Jiaqi Lin, Ali Rahmat, Feiyang He, and Mengzhi Wang. "Effects of Exogenous Oral Infusion of Volatile Fatty Acids on Ileal Microbiome Profiling and Epithelial Health in Goats." Fermentation 9, no. 9 (2023): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9090801.

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The role of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in ruminal fermentation is well studied, but their effects on the ileal microbiome and epithelial health remain less explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of the exogenous oral infusion of three VFAs, sodium acetate (NaAc), propionate (NaPr), and butyrate (NaBu), on the VFA concentrations in ileal contents, as well as ileal microbiome profiling and epithelial health parameters (inflammatory cytokine and tight junctions) in goats. The data demonstrated that the oral infusion of three VFAs can enhance VFA production by increasing the proporti

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Kneis, Barbara, Stefan Wirtz, Klaus Weber, et al. "Colon Cancer Microbiome Landscaping: Differences in Right- and Left-Sided Colon Cancer and a Tumor Microbiome-Ileal Microbiome Association." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4 (2023): 3265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043265.

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In the current era of precision oncology, it is widely acknowledged that CRC is a heterogeneous disease entity. Tumor location (right- or left-sided colon cancer or rectal cancer) is a crucial factor in determining disease progression as well as prognosis and influences disease management. In the last decade, numerous works have reported that the microbiome is an important element of CRC carcinogenesis, progression and therapy response. Owing to the heterogeneous nature of microbiomes, the findings of these studies were inconsistent. The majority of the studies combined colon cancer (CC) and r

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Junior, Sudario Roberto Silva, Jinlong Zhu, Chi Chen, et al. "221 Modulation of gut microbiome and nutrient digestibility by Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic in pigs fed high-fiber diets: A multi-omics approach." Journal of Animal Science 103, Supplement_1 (2025): 48–49. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf102.053.

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Abstract Traditional evaluations of feed additives in swine diets have primarily focused on performance metrics, but improving nutrient utilization from high-fiber diets requires a deeper understanding of the interactions among diet, gut microbiome, and digestibility. Therefore, a multi-omics approach is necessary to explore these complex relationships. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of an Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic (AOP; Amaferm®, BioZyme Inc.) on the gut microbiome and metabolome of growing pigs fed high-fiber diets, and to examine associati

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Calzadilla, Nathan, Dulari Jayawardena, Aisha Qazi, et al. "Serotonin Transporter Deficiency Induces Metabolic Alterations in the Ileal Mucosa." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 8 (2024): 4459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084459.

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Serotonin transporter (SERT) deficiency has been implicated in metabolic syndrome, intestinal inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis. Interestingly, changes in microbiome metabolic capacity and several alterations in host gene expression, including lipid metabolism, were previously observed in SERT−/− mice ileal mucosa. However, the precise host or microbial metabolites altered by SERT deficiency that may contribute to the pleiotropic phenotype of SERT KO mice are not yet understood. This study investigated the hypothesis that SERT deficiency impacts lipid and microbial metabolite abundances in

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da Silva, Julia Marixara Sousa, Ana Maria De Souza Almeida, Ana Carolina Borsanelli, et al. "Intestinal Microbiome Profiles in Broiler Chickens Raised with Different Probiotic Strains." Microorganisms 12, no. 8 (2024): 1639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081639.

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The composition of the intestinal microbiota can influence the metabolism and overall functioning of avian organisms. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different probiotics and an antibiotic on the microbiomes of 1.400 male Cobb® broiler raised for 42 days. The experiment was conducted with the following treatments: positive control diet (basal diet + antibiotic); negative control diet (basal diet without antibiotic and without probiotic); basal diet + Normal Avian Gut Flora (NAGF); basal diet + multiple colonizing strain probiotics (MCSPs); and basal d

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Wall, Dannica C., Dana Dittoe, Ramon D. Malherios, Kenneth E. Anderson, and Nick Anthony. "Evaluating the Ileal and Cecal Microbiota Composition of a 1940 Heritage Genetic Line and a 2016 Commercial Line of white Leghorns Fed Representative Diets from 1940 to 2016." Applied Sciences 13, no. 22 (2023): 12259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132212259.

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This study identified and evaluated differences between microbiome compositions of the ileum and ceca of 1940 and 2016 white leghorn genetic strains fed representative contemporary diets from those times. Ileal and cecal samples were collected at 69 weeks of age. Alpha and beta diversity metrics were generated, and the Analysis of Composition of Microbiomes (ANCOM) was utilized to determine significantly different taxa. Ileum and ceca alpha diversity were significantly different (p = 0.001; Q = 0.001); however, no differences between genetic lineage were observed (p > 0.05; Q > 0.05). Be

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Nana, Gael, Suparna Mitra, Henry Watson та ін. "Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy". Journal of Nutrition 151, № 8 (2021): 2142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab113.

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ABSTRACT Background Oral administration of purified omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs is associated with changes to the fecal microbiome. However, it is not known whether this effect is associated with increased PUFA concentrations in the gut. Objectives We investigated the luminal bioavailability of oral ω-3 PUFAs (daily dose 1 g EPA and 1g DHA free fatty acid equivalents as triglycerides in soft-gel capsules, twice daily) and changes to the gut microbiome, in the ileum. Methods Ileostomy fluid (IF) and blood were obtained at baseline, after first capsule dosing (median 2 h), and at a similar time after fi

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Whelan, R., P. Cartlidge, C. S. Chuah, et al. "P1317 Oral microbiota is linked to the propensity for mucosal healing: A prospective oral-gut-stool microbiome analysis in IBD." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 19, Supplement_1 (2025): i2374—i2375. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1491.

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Abstract Background The oral cavity is the second most complex human microbial niche and is the conduit through which initial gut microbial colonisation occurs during early life. While the gut microbiome is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the role of the oral microbiome remains underexplored. We aimed to characterise the oral-gut microbiome in IBD and its association with disease activity and complete mucosal healing (CMH), a key prognostic marker for long-term remission. Methods All patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) were prospec

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Olivera Sendra, P. A., K. Borowski, S. Nayeri, et al. "A235 ILEAL MICROBIOME ALPHA DIVERSITY REMAINS LOWER IN ENDOSCOPICALLY AND HISTOLOGICALLY INACTIVE CROHN’S DISEASE COMPARED TO ULCERATIVE COLITIS OR HEALTHY CONTROLS." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 5, Supplement_1 (2022): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwab049.234.

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Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) has been associated with a lower alpha diversity when compared to ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and healthy controls (HC), which also depends on disease location and endoscopic activity. However, it is unclear whether the resolution of histologic inflammation may influence mucosal alpha diversity in the ileum. Aims To characterize the ileal mucosa-associated microbiome diversity in subjects with ileal predominant CD (iCD) in endoscopic (ER) and endo-histologic (EHR) remission, compared to subjects with colonic predominant CD (cCD), UC and HC, respect

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Pasinetti, Giulio. "Sensitization to Chronic Stress-Induced Depression and Anxiety Modulated by Gut-Brain-Axis Immunity." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab054_029.

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Abstract Objectives Chronic stress manifests as depressive- and anxiety-like impairments while recurrent stress elicits disproportionate psychiatric responses linked to stress-induced immunological priming. The microbiota-gut-brain-axis is a promising therapeutic target for stress-induced behavioral impairment as it simultaneous alters the immunological landscape of the periphery and brain by modulating innate and adaptive immune cells’ activity at barrier sites. Methods Immunophenotyping of the ileum, spleen and PBMCs verified that the synbiotic's impact on ileal barrier immunity, and not inf

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Li, Siqi, Sishuo Chen, Min Nie, et al. "Salt-Sensitive Ileal Microbiota Plays a Role in Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Deficiency-Induced Cardiac Injury." Nutrients 14, no. 15 (2022): 3129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14153129.

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Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) activity deficiency contributes to salt-sensitive hypertension in humans and mice. However, the role of ileal microbiota in salt sensitivity in ANP deficiency-related cardiac injury has not been investigated yet. This study used ANP−/− mice to analyze the role of the salt-sensitive ileal microbiome on cardiac injury. ANP−/− mice showed an increase in blood pressure (BP), the heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio, and cardiac hypertrophy compared with wild-type (WT) mice. ANP deficiency did not impact the histological structure but reduced occludin expression i

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Peng, Shan-Shan, Yingjie Li, Qiuhong Chen, et al. "Intestinal and Mucosal Microbiome Response to Oral Challenge of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Weaned Pigs." Pathogens 11, no. 2 (2022): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11020160.

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is closely associated with diarrhoea in children in resource-limited countries. This study aims to investigate the change of the mucosal microbiome and protein expression in the ileum induced by E. coli K88 (ETEC) using pigs as a model. Seven weaned male pigs were orally given ETEC (1 × 109 CFU, n = 7), and the other seven received saline (CON, n = 7). Ileal tissues were obtained 48 hours after the ETEC challenge for both proteomic and mucosal microbiome analyses. Nine proteins were found with altered abundance between the two groups, including a decreas

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Sung, Jung Yeol, Timothy A. Johnson, Darryl Ragland, and Olayiwola Adeola. "54 Impact of Ileal Indigestible Protein on Nitrogen Excretion and Fecal Microbiota may be Greater Compared with Total Protein Concentration of Diets in Growing Pigs." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_2 (2023): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad341.051.

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Abstract The effect of changes in dietary ileal indigestible protein concentration may be more influential in the amount of nitrogen flowing to the large intestine compared with changes in total dietary protein concentration. For this reason, we hypothesized that an increase in dietary ileal indigestible protein concentration induces an increase in hindgut nitrogen utilization and nitrogen excretion and a shift in fecal microbiota in growing pigs, when compared with pigs given a high total protein diet. Three diets were prepared: 1) standard protein diet based on corn and soybean meal, 2) high

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Hageman, I., V. Joustra, A. Li Yim, et al. "P707 Microbial signature of the colon is not associated with response to vedolizumab in Crohn’s disease." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (2022): i603—i604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.828.

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Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) is a complex disease where the gut microbiome plays an important role. One of the established treatments in CD is Vedolizumab (VDZ), an alpha(4)beta(7) integrin antibody. Finding biomarkers to predict therapy response is still a clinical unmet need, since this treatment has shown endoscopic remission in only a third of CD patients. Ananthakrishnan et al. demonstrated a strong relationship between microbial metagenomics signature and therapy response to VDZ in CD based on the metagenomics composition of baseline fecal samples. While the majority of studi

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Roberti, Maria Paula, Satoru Yonekura, Connie P. M. Duong, et al. "Chemotherapy-induced ileal crypt apoptosis and the ileal microbiome shape immunosurveillance and prognosis of proximal colon cancer." Nature Medicine 26, no. 6 (2020): 919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0882-8.

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19

Alula, Kibrom, Alexander Dowdell, Joseph Lee, Sean Colgan, and Arianne Theiss. "BUTYRATE AMELIORATES PANETH CELL DEFECTS, TOTAL INFLAMMATION, AND EPITHELIAL CELL APOPTOSIS DURING MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION DRIVEN BY PROHIBITIN 1-DEFICIENCY." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 29, Supplement_1 (2023): S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izac247.095.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) is a mitochondrial chaperone protein important for maximal activity of the electron transport chain. PHB1 deficiency in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) or specifically in Paneth cells (PCs) induces epithelial mitochondrial dysfunction, PC defects, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and spontaneous ileitis in mice by 20 weeks-of-age. Dysbiotic gut microbiota has been implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases and is associated with the decreased abundance of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs; acetate, propionate, and butyrate)-producing bacteria. SCFAs play a sig

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Sun, Xiao Wei, Hua Zhang, Xiao Zhang, et al. "Liver Microbiome in Healthy Rats: The Hidden Inhabitants of Hepatocytes." Cellular Microbiology 2023 (January 31, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7369034.

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The tumor and tissue microbiota of human beings have recently been investigated. Gut permeability is known as a possible resource for the positive detection of tissue bacteria. Herein, we report that microbiota were detected in high abundance in the hepatocytes of healthy rats and that they were shared with the gut microbiota to an extent. We assessed male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene. After the rats were sacrificed by blood drainage from the portal vein, we extracted total deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from their ileal and colonic contents and live

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Trudeau, Michaela P., Wes Mosher, Huyen Tran, et al. "Experimental facility had a greater effect on growth performance, gut microbiome, and metabolome in weaned pigs than feeding diets containing subtherapeutic levels of antibiotics: A case study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0285266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285266.

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The objective of this study was to define changes in the intestinal metabolome and microbiome associated with growth performance of weaned pigs fed subtherapeutic concentrations of antibiotics. Three experiments with the same antibiotic treatments were conducted on the same research farm but in two different facilities (nursery and wean-finish) using pigs weaned at 20-days of age from the same source herd and genotype, and fed the same diets formulated without antibiotics (NC) or with 0.01% chlortetracycline and 0.01% sulfamethazine (AB). Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance was determined

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Hsiao, Felix Shih-Hsiang, Clara Ajeng Artdita, Shih-Yao Lin, Yu-Hsiang Yu, and Yeong-Hsiang Cheng. "Mixed Solid-State Fermentation of Okara and Copra Meal by Probiotics with Non-Starch Polysaccharide Enzymes and Its Effects on the Growth Performance and Ileal Microbiota in Broilers." Fermentation 8, no. 10 (2022): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8100478.

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With the global shortage of feed ingredients, the use of agricultural by-products has become an alternative to animal feed. Okara, a by-product of soymilk and tofu processing, is high in nutrients but contains non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and has a high-water content, which are disadvantages in animal feed. Herein, we mixed okara and copra meal (CM) with probiotics (Lactobacillus species and Clostridium butyricum) and NSP enzymes (NSPases) for solid-state fermentation (SSF) to enhance okara feed value; the optimal parameters of fermented okara and CM (FOCM) and their effects on broiler gro

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Cai, Chenwen, Sibo Zhu, Jinlu Tong, et al. "Relating the transcriptome and microbiome by paired terminal ileal Crohn disease." iScience 24, no. 6 (2021): 102516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102516.

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Haberman, Yael, Timothy L. Tickle, Phillip J. Dexheimer, et al. "Pediatric Crohn disease patients exhibit specific ileal transcriptome and microbiome signature." Journal of Clinical Investigation 125, no. 3 (2015): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci79657.

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Haberman, Yael, Timothy L. Tickle, Phillip J. Dexheimer, et al. "Pediatric Crohn disease patients exhibit specific ileal transcriptome and microbiome signature." Journal of Clinical Investigation 124, no. 8 (2014): 3617–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci75436.

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Hageman, I., V. Joustra, K. Zafeiropoulou та ін. "DOP51 Mucosa-associated microbial signatures associate with objective response prior to the start of anti-TNFα but not vedolizumab or ustekinumab in Crohn’s disease patients". Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (2023): i121—i122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0091.

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Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) is a complex immune-mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract where the gut microbiome plays an important role. Current biological treatment options in CD include the anti-TNFα agents adalimumab (ADA) and infliximab (IFX), vedolizumab (VDZ), and ustekinumab (USTE). Finding biomarkers to predict therapy response is still a clinical unmet need, as the majority of CD patients fail to reach endoscopic remission within 1 year of treatment. While the majority of studies focus on fecal samples, mucosa-adherent bacterial signature could bring forth stable

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Grigoryan, Zoya, Mitchell Bernstein, Antonio Galvao Neto, Arielle Radin, and Lea Ann Chen. "Mo1793 Gut Microbiome Composition Change in Crohn's Patients Following Ileal Resection Surgery." Gastroenterology 148, no. 4 (2015): S—712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(15)32423-9.

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Borda-Molina, Daniel, Christoph Roth, Angélica Hérnandez-Arriaga, et al. "Effects on the Ileal Microbiota of Phosphorus and Calcium Utilization, Bird Performance, and Gender in Japanese Quail." Animals 10, no. 5 (2020): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10050885.

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In this study, we aimed to investigate the ileum digesta of a large cohort of Japanese quail fed the same diet, with similar environmental conditions. We also address how P utilization (PU), Ca utilization (CaU), and bird performance (feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC), and body weight gain (BWG)) modify intestinal microbiota of male and female quail. Despite the great number of samples analyzed (760), a core microbiome was composed of five bacteria. The Unc. Lactobacillus, Unc. Clostridaceae 1, Clostridium sensu stricto, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus alactolyticus were detected in a

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Breton MDCM- MSTR, J., C. Tanes, N. Wilson, et al. "P1311 Mucosal Microbiome Signatures Associated with Postoperative Endoscopic Recurrence in Paediatric Crohn’s Disease." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 19, Supplement_1 (2025): i2365. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1485.

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Abstract Background Following ileocecal resection (ICR) for Crohn’s disease (CD), recurrence is frequent even in the biologic era. Gut microbiota is involved in this setting and a few adult studies have suggested that bacterial recolonization after surgery may predict recurrence. Given the inherent risk of postoperative recurrence associated with age and disease duration, studies investigating the role of the gut microbiota in predicting relapse in children undergoing ICR appears critical. We aimed to identify changes in the mucosal microbiome associated with, and predictive of, endoscopic CD

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Bernardi, Francesca, Fabrizio Fanizzi, Tommaso Lorenzo Parigi, et al. "Role of Probiotics in the Management of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Pouchitis." Microorganisms 13, no. 1 (2024): 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010019.

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Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) often requires surgical intervention, such as proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA). While IPAA improves patient outcomes, it can be associated with pouchitis, a common and debilitating complication characterized by inflammation of the pouch. The development of pouchitis is closely linked to dysbiosis—an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Understanding the role of the microbiota in pouch health has spurred interest in probiotics as a therapeutic strategy. Probiotics represent a promising avenue in the management of pouchitis, offering a n

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Jinno, Cynthia N., and Yanhong Liu. "109 Awardee Talk: Dietary Supplementation of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Influenced Systemic Immunity and Intestinal Microbiome of Weaned Pigs." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.080.

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Abstract Supplementation of various Bacillus spp. has shown to improve growth performance, immune responses, and gut health of newly weaned pigs. The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of 109 CFU/kg of Bacillus (B.) amyloliquefaciens on growth performance, diarrhea, systemic immunity, and intestinal microbiome of weaned pigs with or without enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenge. An antibiotic treatment was also included in the experiment to compare the efficacy of B. amyloliquefaciens vs. carbadox (50 mg/kg). ETEC challenge reduced (P &lt; 0.05) g

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Bálint, Anita, Klaudia Farkas, Orsolya Méhi, et al. "Functional Anatomical Changes in Ulcerative Colitis Patients Determine Their Gut Microbiota Composition and Consequently the Possible Treatment Outcome." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 11 (2020): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13110346.

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Gut microbial composition alters in some special situations, such as in ulcerative colits (UC) after total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) surgery. The aim of our study was to determine the composition of the intestinal microbiome in UC patients after IPAA surgery, compared with UC patients, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients after IPAA surgery and healthy controls. Clinical data of patients, blood and faecal samples were collected. Faecal microbiota structure was determined by sequencing the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. Overall, 56 patients

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Sosa Alvarado, Carla, Kaiyuan Yang, Hongbo Qiu, et al. "Transient antibiotic-induced changes in the neonatal swine intestinal microbiota impact islet expression profiles reducing subsequent function." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 321, no. 3 (2021): R303—R316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00090.2021.

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Neonatal antibiotics administered to human infants initiate gut microbiota dysbiosis that may have long-term effects on body weight and metabolism. We examined antibiotic-induced adaptations in pancreatic islets of the piglet, a well-accepted model of human infant microbiota and pancreas development. Neonatal piglets randomized to amoxicillin [30 mg/kg body wt/day; n = 7, antibiotic (ANTI)] or placebo [vehicle control; n = 7, control (CON)] from postnatal day ( PND) 0– 13 were euthanized at PND7, 14, and 49. The metabolic phenotype along with functional, immunohistological, and transcriptional

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Marino, Naomi Claudette Rodriguez, Dormarie E. Rivera-Rodriguez, Charlotte J. Royer, Madelyn Yaceczko та Luisa Cervantes-Barragan. "Dietary fiber and Segmented Filamentous Bacteria interaction with intestinal epithelial cells supports the development of CD4 +CD8αα +intraepithelial T cells". Journal of Immunology 210, № 1_Supplement (2023): 150.02. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.150.02.

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Abstract Double positive intraepithelial lymphocytes (DP IELs) are microbiome induced CD4 +CD8αα +T cells that play a role in maintaining homeostasis and reducing inflammation in the small intestine. While the impact of the microbiome on the intestinal immune system has been extensively studied, little is known about how changes in macronutrients, such as dietary fiber, affect the development of important immune cell populations through changes in the microbiome. Here we show that a diet low in fermentable fiber (LFF) impairs development of DP IELs by reducing MHC-II expression on intestinal e

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Dantas Machado, Ana Carolina, Steven D. Brown, Amulya Lingaraju, et al. "Diet and feeding pattern modulate diurnal dynamics of the ileal microbiome and transcriptome." Cell Reports 40, no. 1 (2022): 111008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111008.

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Li, Ellen, Yuanhao Zhang, Xinyu Tian, et al. "Influence of Crohn’s disease related polymorphisms in innate immune function on ileal microbiome." PLOS ONE 14, no. 2 (2019): e0213108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213108.

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Whelan, Kevin. "Diet-Microbiome Interactions and the Risk of Pouchitis in Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, no. 2 (2019): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz136.

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Yonekura, Satoru, Safae Terrisse, Carolina Alves Costa Silva та ін. "Cancer Induces a Stress Ileopathy Depending on β-Adrenergic Receptors and Promoting Dysbiosis that Contributes to Carcinogenesis". Cancer Discovery 12, № 4 (2021): 1128–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0999.

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Abstract Gut dysbiosis has been associated with intestinal and extraintestinal malignancies, but whether and how carcinogenesis drives compositional shifts of the microbiome to its own benefit remains an open conundrum. Here, we show that malignant processes can cause ileal mucosa atrophy, with villous microvascular constriction associated with dominance of sympathetic over cholinergic signaling. The rapid onset of tumorigenesis induced a burst of REG3γ release by ileal cells, and transient epithelial barrier permeability that culminated in overt and long-lasting dysbiosis dominated by Gram-po

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Blokker, Britt, Cristiano Bortoluzzi, Christelle Iaconis, et al. "Evaluation of a Novel Precision Biotic on Enterohepatic Health Markers and Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens under Enteric Challenge." Animals 12, no. 19 (2022): 2502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192502.

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This study evaluated the supplementation of a precision biotic (PB) on the enterohepatic health markers and growth performance of broiler chickens undergoing an enteric challenge. In the first study, three treatments were used: Unchallenged Control (UC); Challenged Control (CC; dietary challenge and 10× dose of coccidia vaccine); and a challenged group supplemented with PB (1.3 kg/ton). In the second study, three treatments were used: control diet, diet supplemented with Avilamycin (10 ppm), and a diet supplemented with PB (0.9 kg/ton). All the birds were exposed to natural challenge composed

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Lu, Jing, Alexander Drobyshevsky, Lei Lu, Yueyue Yu, Michael S. Caplan, and Erika C. Claud. "Microbiota from Preterm Infants Who Develop Necrotizing Enterocolitis Drives the Neurodevelopment Impairment in a Humanized Mouse Model." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (2023): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051131.

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading basis for gastrointestinal morbidity and poses a significant risk for neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in preterm infants. Aberrant bacterial colonization preceding NEC contributes to the pathogenesis of NEC, and we have demonstrated that immature microbiota in preterm infants negatively impacts neurodevelopment and neurological outcomes. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that microbial communities before the onset of NEC drive NDI. Using our humanized gnotobiotic model in which human infant microbial samples were gavaged to pregnant germ

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Yang, Julianne Ching, Ryan Troutman, Heidi Buri, et al. "Ileal Dysbiosis Is Associated with Increased Acoustic Startle in the 22q11.2 Microdeletion Mouse Model of Schizophrenia." Nutrients 15, no. 16 (2023): 3631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15163631.

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Recent studies involving transplantation of feces from schizophrenia (SCZ) patients and their healthy controls into germ-free mice have demonstrated that the gut microbiome plays a critical role in mediating SCZ-linked physiology and behavior. To date, only one animal model (a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 knockout) of SCZ has been reported to recapitulate SCZ-linked gut dysbiosis. Since human 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome is associated with increased risk of SCZ, we investigated whether the 22q11.2 microdeletion (“Q22”) mouse model of SCZ exhibits both SCZ-linked behaviors and intestinal

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Chung, Beom Sun, Keungmo Yang, Chihyun Park, and Tom Ryu. "Prolonged Intestinal Ethanol Absorption and Oxidative Stress: Revisiting the Gut–Liver Axis in Alcohol-Associated Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 12 (2025): 5442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125442.

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Chronic alcohol consumption induces oxidative stress not only in the liver but also in the gastrointestinal tract, where prolonged intestinal ethanol absorption plays a pivotal and underrecognized role. This review reframes ethanol pharmacokinetics to emphasize sustained jejunal and ileal uptake, which maintains elevated blood alcohol levels and perpetuates redox imbalance across the gut–liver axis. We integrate recent findings on ethanol-induced barrier dysfunction, CYP2E1-mediated ROS production, microbial dysbiosis, and mitochondrial disruption, proposing that the intestine is an active sit

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Malmuthuge, Nilusha, Guanxiang Liang, Philip J. Griebel, and Le Luo Guan. "Taxonomic and Functional Compositions of the Small Intestinal Microbiome in Neonatal Calves Provide a Framework for Understanding Early Life Gut Health." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 85, no. 6 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02534-18.

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ABSTRACTA lack of information on the intestinal microbiome of neonatal calves prevents the use of microbial intervention strategies to improve calf gut health. This study profiled the taxonomic and functional composition of the small intestinal luminal microbiome of neonatal calves using whole-genome sequencing of the metagenome, aiming to understand the dynamics of microbial establishment during early life. Despite highly individualized microbial communities, we identified two distinct taxonomy-based clusters from the collective luminal microbiomes comprising a high level of eitherLactobacill

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Khadka, Sundar, Seiichi Omura, Fumitaka Sato, Kazuto Nishio, Hideaki Kakeya та Ikuo Tsunoda. "Curcumin β-D-Glucuronide Modulates an Autoimmune Model of Multiple Sclerosis with Altered Gut Microbiota in the Ileum and Feces". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 11 (3 грудня 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.772962.

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We developed a prodrug type of curcumin, curcumin monoglucuronide (CMG), whose intravenous/intraperitoneal injection achieves a high serum concentration of free-form curcumin. Although curcumin has been reported to alter the gut microbiota and immune responses, it is unclear whether the altered microbiota could be associated with inflammation in immune-mediated diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to determine whether CMG administration could affect the gut microbiota at three anatomical sites (feces, ileal contents, and the ileal mucosa), leading to suppression of inflammation

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Pu, Congying, Yize Li, Yixian Fu, et al. "Low‐Dose Chemotherapy Preferentially Shapes the Ileal Microbiome and Augments the Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade by Activating AIM2 Inflammasome in Ileal Epithelial Cells." Advanced Science, January 8, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202304781.

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AbstractIntervention of the gut microbiome is a promising adjuvant strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Chemotherapeutic agents are recognized for their substantial impacts on the gut microbiome, yet their therapeutic potential as microbiome modulators remains uncertain, due to the complexity of microbiome‐host‐drug interactions. Here, it is showed that low‐dose chemotherapy preferentially shapes the ileal microbiome to augment the extraintestinal immune response to anti‐programmed death‐1 (anti‐PD‐1) therapy without causing intestinal toxicity. Mechanistically, low‐dose chemotherapy causes DNA d

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Pollock, Jolinda, Laura Glendinning, Lesley A. Smith, et al. "Temporal and nutritional effects on the weaner pig ileal microbiota." Animal Microbiome 3, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00119-y.

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Abstract Background The porcine gastrointestinal microbiota has been linked to both host health and performance. Most pig gut microbiota studies target faecal material, which is not representative of microbiota dynamics in other discrete gut sections. The weaning transition period in pigs is a key development stage, with gastrointestinal problems being prominent after often sudden introduction to a solid diet. A better understanding of both temporal and nutritional effects on the small intestinal microbiota is required. Here, the development of the porcine ileal microbiota under differing leve

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Zhang, Xue-Song, Jackie Li, Kimberly A. Krautkramer, et al. "Antibiotic-induced acceleration of type 1 diabetes alters maturation of innate intestinal immunity." eLife 7 (July 25, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.37816.

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The early-life intestinal microbiota plays a key role in shaping host immune system development. We found that a single early-life antibiotic course (1PAT) accelerated type 1 diabetes (T1D) development in male NOD mice. The single course had deep and persistent effects on the intestinal microbiome, leading to altered cecal, hepatic, and serum metabolites. The exposure elicited sex-specific effects on chromatin states in the ileum and liver and perturbed ileal gene expression, altering normal maturational patterns. The global signature changes included specific genes controlling both innate and

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Briggs, Kristi, Vartika Tomar, Nicholas Ollberding, et al. "Crohn’s Disease–Associated Pathogenic Mutation in the Manganese Transporter ZIP8 Shifts the Ileal and Rectal Mucosal Microbiota Implicating Aberrant Bile Acid Metabolism." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, January 30, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izae003.

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Abstract Background A pathogenic mutation in the manganese transporter ZIP8 (A391T; rs13107325) increases the risk of Crohn’s disease. ZIP8 regulates manganese homeostasis and given the shared need for metals between the host and resident microbes, there has been significant interest in alterations of the microbiome in carriers of ZIP8 A391T. Prior studies have not examined the ileal microbiome despite associations between ileal disease and ZIP8 A391T. Methods Here, we used the Pediatric Risk Stratification Study (RISK) cohort to perform a secondary analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencin

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Yuan, Junmeng, Hongling Meng, Yu Liu, et al. "Bacillus amyloliquefaciens attenuates the intestinal permeability, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress: transcriptome and microbiome analyses in weaned piglets." Frontiers in Microbiology 15 (May 13, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1362487.

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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is related to oxidative stress (OS) and leads to intestinal injury. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (SC06) can regulate OS, but its roles in intestinal ER stress remains unclear. Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 32 weaned piglets were treated by two SC06 levels (0 or 1 × 108 CFU/g), either with or without diquat (DQ) injection. We found that SC06 increased growth performance, decreased ileal permeability, OS and ER stress in DQ-treated piglets. Transcriptome showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by DQ were enriched in NF-κB signaling pathway

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Song, Y., Y. B. Cui, Y. M. Wang, et al. "Donor selection for fecal bacterial transplantation and its combined effects with inulin on early growth and ileal development in chicks." Journal of Applied Microbiology, May 25, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxad099.

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Abstract Aims To select the best donor and investigate its combined effects with inulin on growth performance, and ileal health of chicks. Methods and Results The chicks (Hy-line Brown) were treated with fecal microbiota suspension from different breeder hens to select the best donor. Treatment with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) alone or in combination with inulin found that it improved gut microbiome in chicks. The organ indexes were increased on 7d, especially the bursa of fabricius index (P &lt; 0.05). On 14d, immune performance, ileal morphology, and barrier were improved, sim

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