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Journal articles on the topic 'Ill-founded'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

McAlexander, Thomas V., and Kathleen B. Maguire. "Eliminating ill-founded eliminations in handwriting comparison cases." Journal of the Forensic Science Society 31, no. 3 (1991): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-7368(91)73165-4.

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2

Eser, Albin. "Killing in War: Unasked Questions-Ill-Founded Legitimisation." Criminal Law and Philosophy 12, no. 2 (2017): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11572-017-9426-9.

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3

Clark, David A. "Is Cognitive Therapy Ill-Founded? A Commentary on Lyddon and Weill." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 11, no. 2 (1997): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.11.2.91.

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Lyddon and Weill (in this issue) have concluded that constructivism is preferred over standard cognitive theory and therapy because the latter is based on postmodern assumptions about knowledge, reality and the self. They argue that the postmodern basis of constructivism enables it to address criticisms that social constructivism, feminism and multiculturalism have raised with cognitive psychotherapy. In this commentary I have argued that Lyddon and Weill’s evaluation of standard cognitive therapy (CT) is based on a misrepresentation of the basic assumptions of CT concerning knowledge, the social context and the nature of the therapeutic relationship. I conclude that the relative merits of constructivism over standard cognitive therapy cannot be settled by philosophical debate but only by a consideration of the research and treatment innovations offered by each perspective.

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4

Gijsen, Ronald, Hadassa Jochemsen, Liset van Dijk, and Peter Caspers. "Frequency of ill-founded off-label prescribing in Dutch general practice." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 18, no. 1 (2009): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.1689.

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5

Ben-Neria, Omer, and Sandra Müller. "Infinite decreasing chains in the Mitchell order." Archive for Mathematical Logic 60, no. 6 (2021): 771–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00153-021-00762-x.

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AbstractIt is known that the behavior of the Mitchell order substantially changes at the level of rank-to-rank extenders, as it ceases to be well-founded. While the possible partial order structure of the Mitchell order below rank-to-rank extenders is considered to be well understood, little is known about the structure in the ill-founded case. The purpose of the paper is to make a first step in understanding this case, by studying the extent to which the Mitchell order can be ill-founded. Our main results are (i) in the presence of a rank-to-rank extender there is a transitive Mitchell order decreasing sequence of extenders of any countable length, and (ii) there is no such sequence of length $$\omega _1$$ ω 1 .

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6

FORSTER, THOMAS. "THE ITERATIVE CONCEPTION OF SET." Review of Symbolic Logic 1, no. 1 (2008): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020308080064.

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The two expressions ‘The cumulative hierarchy’ and ‘The iterative conception of sets’ are usually taken to be synonymous. However, the second is more general than the first, in that there are recursive procedures that generate some ill-founded sets in addition to well-founded sets. The interesting question is whether or not the arguments in favour of the more restrictive version – the cumulative hierarchy – were all along arguments for the more general version.

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7

Chilton, Kenneth. "Solid waste policy should be directed by fundamental principles, not ill-founded feelings." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 8, no. 1-2 (1993): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-3449(93)90015-8.

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8

Kahn, Samuel. "Defending the Traditional Interpretations of Kant’s Formula of a Law of Nature." Theoria 66, no. 158 (2019): 76–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/th.2019.6615804.

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In this article I defend the traditional interpretations of Kant’s Formula of a Law of Nature from recent attacks levelled by Faviola Rivera-Castro, James Furner, Ido Geiger, Pauline Kleingeld and Sven Nyholm. After a short introduction, the article is divided into four main sections. In the first, I set out the basics of the three traditional interpretations, the Logical Contradiction Interpretation, the Practical Contradiction Interpretation and the Teleological Contradiction Interpretation. In the second, I examine the work of Geiger, Kleingeld and Nyholm: these three commentators reject the traditional interpretations entirely, but I argue that this rejection is ill-founded. In the third and fourth, I take a detailed look at Furner’s work, work in which he seeks to revise (rather than reject) the traditional interpretations. I argue that, despite his more modest aims, Furner’s revision is also ill-founded.

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9

Pouivet, Roger. "On the Cognitive Functioning of Aesthetic Emotions." Leonardo 33, no. 1 (2000): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002409400552234.

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This article seeks to show that we cannot accept an opposition between aesthetics and logic on the basis of the distinction between aesthetic emotion and cognition. This false distinction is founded on another ill-founded one between private states of mind and public languages. Echoing works by R. de Sousa, we can talk about the rationality of emotions. Following N. Goodman and I. Scheffler, we are conducted to the notion of cognitive emotions. If there are aesthetic emotions, they are likely cognitive. The notion of supervenience seems very adequate to show how aesthetic emotion, even aesthetic pleasure, can be related to cognitive experience.

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10

Wheeler, Robert. "Prosecuting surgeons for manslaughter." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 4 (2014): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsbull.2014.96.4.108.

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There has been both interest and concern relating to the recent immediate imprisonment of a surgeon for manslaughter. Fair-minded commentators have questioned whether the threshold for conviction of surgeons for manslaughter is being lowered in England and Wales. Are there safeguards in the criminal justice system that make this anxiety ill founded?

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11

Blaney, S. P. A. "Why paranasal sinuses?" Journal of Laryngology & Otology 104, no. 9 (1990): 690–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100113635.

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AbstractThis essay attempts to address the perennial question ‘Why Paranasal Sinuses?’. In doing so it highlights the flaws in many much-favoured but ill-founded theories concerning the role of these sinuses in humans. It is concluded that the question can only be fully answered through a greater understanding of differential growth changes within the craniofacial massif.

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12

Jordan, Maiya. "Literal self-deception." Analysis 80, no. 2 (2019): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/anz053.

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Abstract It is widely assumed that a literal understanding of someone’s self-deception that p yields the following contradiction. Qua self-deceiver, she does not believe that p, yet – qua self-deceived – she does believe that p. I argue that this assumption is ill-founded. Literalism about self-deception – the view that self-deceivers literally self-deceive – is not committed to this contradiction. On the contrary, properly understood, literalism (non-trivially) excludes it.

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13

Leśniewski, Krzysztof. "Geneza chrześcijańskiej posługi hospicyjnej." Vox Patrum 67 (December 16, 2018): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.3402.

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Hospice care to terminally ill people was originated due to a sensitivity to the personal dignity of man. Christianity brought a special contribution to the care of terminally ill people in the history of the world. Institutionalized Christian hospice care was started in the second half of the fourth century. The first hospices were founded in the Byzantine Empire and were destined for people suffering from leprosy. In the article there are stated the facts relating to the biblical foundations of the theology of diakonia and examples of the involvement of the hierarchy in the creation of hospitals according to the principles of Christian ethics. The Author underlines that the first Christian hospices have been an integral part of monasteries.

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14

HAMKINS, JOEL DAVID. "EVERY COUNTABLE MODEL OF SET THEORY EMBEDS INTO ITS OWN CONSTRUCTIBLE UNIVERSE." Journal of Mathematical Logic 13, no. 02 (2013): 1350006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219061313500062.

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The main theorem of this article is that every countable model of set theory 〈M, ∈M〉, including every well-founded model, is isomorphic to a submodel of its own constructible universe 〈LM, ∈M〉 by means of an embedding j : M → LM. It follows from the proof that the countable models of set theory are linearly pre-ordered by embeddability: if 〈M, ∈M〉 and 〈N, ∈N〉 are countable models of set theory, then either M is isomorphic to a submodel of N or conversely. Indeed, these models are pre-well-ordered by embeddability in order-type exactly ω1 + 1. Specifically, the countable well-founded models are ordered under embeddability exactly in accordance with the heights of their ordinals; every shorter model embeds into every taller model; every model of set theory M is universal for all countable well-founded binary relations of rank at most Ord M; and every ill-founded model of set theory is universal for all countable acyclic binary relations. Finally, strengthening a classical theorem of Ressayre, the proof method shows that if M is any nonstandard model of PA, then every countable model of set theory — in particular, every model of ZFC plus large cardinals — is isomorphic to a submodel of the hereditarily finite sets 〈 HF M, ∈M〉 of M. Indeed, 〈 HF M, ∈M〉 is universal for all countable acyclic binary relations.

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15

Henry, J. P. "Le rôle du contrôle juridictionnel comme technique de participation." Les Cahiers de droit 24, no. 4 (2005): 957–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042576ar.

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The use of the « costs-advantages balance » theory by the French Administrative Courts would appear to give them a far-reaching supervisory jurisdiction over administrative decisions. However, precedents concerning environmental consequences of proposed nuclear plants show that the Courts are ill-equipped to deal with such cases and apply the « costs-advantages » theory. Therefore, they are reticent to annul administrative decisions as ill-founded or unreasonable. The concept of abuse of power is also of little help since it is almost impossible for the Courts to substitute their own findings to the Administration's as to the public necessity of a project. In conclusion, the Administrative Court is not an appropriate forum and the system may only gives false hopes to ecologists and others who pursue changes in government energy orientations and decisions.

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16

Nails, Debra. "Colloquium 3: Two Dogmas Of Platonism." Proceedings of the Boston Area Colloquium in Ancient Philosophy 28, no. 1 (2013): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134417-90000008.

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Contemporary platonism has been conditioned in large part by two dogmas. One is the belief in a fundamental cleavage between intelligible but invisible Platonic forms that are real and eternal, and perceptible objects whose confinement to spacetime constitutes an inferior existence and about which knowledge is impossible. The other dogma involves a kind of reductionism: the belief that Plato’s unhypothetical first principle of the all is identical to the form of the good. Both dogmas, I argue, are ill-founded.

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17

Gehrke, Christian. "FIXED CAPITAL IN AGRICULTURE: RICHARD JONES’S CRITIQUE OF RICARDO’S THEORY OF RENT." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 37, no. 3 (2015): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837215000243.

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Richard Jones’s 1831 critique of David Ricardo’s theory of rent is generally viewed as ill-founded. The present paper shows that Jones’s Essay on the Distribution of Wealth contains an important analytical insight: Jones noticed that Ricardo’s treatment of agricultural improvements was seriously incomplete, because it failed to accommodate the historically important case of agricultural improvements that involve the use of fixed capital. More generally, it is suggested that Jones was correct in pointing out that Ricardo had not properly taken into account fixed capital in his analysis of rent and of agricultural improvements.

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18

Higgs, Robert. "Wartime Prosperity? A Reassessment of the U.S. Economy in the 1940s." Journal of Economic History 52, no. 1 (1992): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700010251.

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Relying on standard measures of macroeconomic performance, historians and economists believe that “war prosperity” prevailed in the United States during World War II. This belief is ill-founded, because it does not recognize that the United States had a command economy during the war. From 1942 to 1946 some macroeconomic performance measures are statistically inaccurate; others are conceptually inappropriate. A better grounded interpretation is that during the war the economy was a huge arsenal in which the well-being of consumers deteriorated. After the war genuine prosperity returned for the first time since 1929.

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19

Panegyres, Konstantine. "SOPHOCLES’ BALL (FR. 781)." Classical Quarterly 69, no. 2 (2019): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838819000715.

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In the interpretation of fragments the omission or neglect of even the most minute detail can lead a scholar to false conclusions or to ill-founded speculations. How careful one must be to draw out every possibility and nuance from every little piece of textual evidence can be seen in the following case. This is the text of Soph. fr. 781 (ed. Radt) as quoted by a late lexicographer (Etym. Magn. s.v. ἔγχος [313.3–4]): ὁ δὲ Σοφοκλῆς τὴν σφαῖραν ἔγχος κέκληκεν, οἷον “τὸ δ’ ἔγχος ἐν ποσὶ κυλίνδεται”.

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20

Hansen, Casper Storm. "The Temperature Paradox and Russell’s Analysis of the Definite Determiner." Linguistic Inquiry 47, no. 4 (2016): 695–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00227.

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Lasersohn (2005) has argued that the use of Russell’s analysis of the definite determiner in Montague Grammar, which is responsible for giving the correct prediction in the case of the temperature paradox, is also responsible for giving the wrong prediction in the case of the Gupta syllogism. In this article, I argue against this claim and show that the problem with the Gupta syllogism can be solved by making a minor addition to Montague Grammar. This solution is one that Lasersohn discusses but rejects. I show that his critique of it is ill- founded.

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21

Arneil, Barbara. "Domestic Colonies in Canada: Rethinking the Definition of Colony." Canadian Journal of Political Science 51, no. 3 (2018): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423917001469.

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AbstractWhat is a colony? In this article, I reconsider the meaning of colony in light of the existence of domestic colonies in Canada around the turn of the twentieth century. The two case studies examined are farm colonies for the mentally disabled and ill in Ontario and British Columbia and utopian colonies for Doukhobors in Saskatchewan. I show how both kinds of colonies are characterized by the same three principles found in Lockean settler colonialism: segregation, agrarian labour on uncultivated soil and improvement/cultivation of people and land. Defining “colony” in this way is theoretically interesting as it is different from the definition found in most dictionaries and post-colonial scholarship. There is also an inherent contradiction within domestic colonies as they both support state power over indigenous peoples, Doukhobors and the mentally ill and disabled but also challenge the principles of domination, individualism, private property and sovereignty upon which the Canadian settler state was founded.

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22

Lamont, John. "Stump and Swinburne on Revelation." Religious Studies 32, no. 3 (1996): 395–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500024434.

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In his important book Revelation: From Metaphor to Analogy, Richard Swinburne has proposed a comprehensive account of the nature of Christian revelation. This account has been criticized by Eleonore Stump. Stump has raised objections to Swinburne's views on biblical interpretation, and to his deistic view of revelation. I will argue that her objections to his views on biblical interpretation are ill-founded. Her criticism of a deistic conception of revelation is justified, but the alternative that she offers to such a conception is unsatisfactory. I will suggest a different alternative, and argue that Swinburne's general account would be improved if he incorported it.

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23

Eeckhout, Jan. "Gibrat's Law for (All) Cities: Reply." American Economic Review 99, no. 4 (2009): 1676–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.4.1676.

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This reply refutes the objection raised by Levy (2009) about the fit of the upper tail of the city size distribution in Eeckhout (2004). I show that the method on which his conclusion is based is unsubstantiated. The visual interpretation of the fit on log-log plots is misleading. In addition, the methodology used to estimate a truncated subsample of the distribution while testing its significance against a distribution with prespecified parameters is ill-founded. The main conclusion is that Gibrat's law holds: city sizes follow proportionate growth, thus giving rise to a lognormal size distribution, tail included. (JEL R11, R12, R23)

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24

Rondal, Jean A. "Language Development in Down's Syndrome: A Life-span Perspective." International Journal of Behavioral Development 11, no. 1 (1988): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548801100103.

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Do children with severe learning disabilities develop through the same stages as children without such problems, but more slowly, or do they develop along different lines? The "delay" versus "deviance" issue is a long-standing and familiar one that has surfaced in discussions of several different groups of developmentally disabled children. In this paper, Professor Rondal explores the issue in relation to linguistic development in children with Down's syndrome. He finds the traditional distinction and debates about delay versus deviance conceptually ill-founded. He explores, in the light of contemporary empirical evidence, an alternative and more "transactional" approach.

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25

Smith, Ciarra N., and Holli H. Seitz. "Correcting Misinformation About Neuroscience via Social Media." Science Communication 41, no. 6 (2019): 790–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1075547019890073.

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The rapid spread of misinformation online is of growing concern to communication researchers. Scientific misinformation can lead to ill-founded educational practices, health trends, and public policies. In an online survey-based experiment ( N = 744), we corrected neuroscience myths via a mock Facebook newsfeed. We were able to reduce belief in the myths by presenting the subjects with corrective “related articles” immediately following the myth. We also found limited evidence that readers evaluate articles more positively when they are consistent with preexisting views. Our findings are consistent with previous research and extend research on corrective messaging strategies into a new context.

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26

Taschetto, Diana. "On Explaining Everything." Metatheoria – Revista de Filosofía e Historia de la Ciencia 9, no. 2 (2019): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.48160/18532330me9.236.

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This work explores foundational issues related to many-worlds theories in Cosmology. It is argued that the metaphysical picture drawn by these theories arise from metaphysical assumptions made during their formulation—most of which are problematic. I elucidate the nature of these assumptions and examine their legitimacy. I conclude the metaphysical presuppositions responsible for the apparent reliability of many-worlds theories in Cosmology are unmotivated and unwarranted by evidence. On this basis, the questions many-worlds models in Cosmology attempt to solve turn out to be a non-starter because their presupposed metaphysical grounding is ill-founded.

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27

István, Fábián. "“Bellator Equus”. Roman Republican Cavalry Tactics in the 3rd-2nd Centuries Bc." Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia 2, no. 1 (2020): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2020-0008.

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Abstract One of the most interesting periods in the history of the Roman cavalry were the Punic wars. Many historians believe that during these conflicts the ill fame of the Roman cavalry was founded but, as it can be observed it was not the determination that lacked. The main issue is the presence of the political factor who decided in the main battles of this conflict. The present paper has as aim to outline a few aspects of how the Roman mid-republican cavalry met these odds and how they tried to incline the balance in their favor.

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28

Freeman, Austin. "Flesh, World, Devil: The Nature of Evil in J.R.R. Tolkien." Journal of Inklings Studies 10, no. 2 (2020): 139–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ink.2020.0077.

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This article examines the nature of evil in Tolkien's work in light of Tom Shippey's well-known assertion that Tolkien struggled between two poles: a ‘Manichaean’ or dualist position and the Catholic Augustinian or ‘Boethian’ position which views evil as an absence. After noting that subsequent respondents to Shippey take this distinction for granted and often seem to misread Shippey himself, the author argues that in fact the whole discussion is ill-founded. New frameworks for reading Tolkien's views on evil should be sought. The article then presents a new proposal: dividing Tolkien's evils into the tripartite distinction of flesh, world, and devil long present in theological discussions.

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29

Preston, John. "Janik on Hertz and the Early Wittgenstein." Grazer Philosophische Studien 73, no. 1 (2006): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-073001005.

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Various claims have been made about the influence of Heinrich Hertz's on Wittgenstein's work. I consider some such recent claims, made by Allan Janik, to the effect that Hertz exercised a very strong influence on Wittgenstein, early and late. I suggest they are ill-founded, in virtue of misinterpretations either of Hertz, or of Wittgenstein, or of both. I try to set the record straight on issues such as the three criteria Hertz suggests for evaluating scientific 'representations' [] or 'images' [], his conception of philosophy, the nature of Hertz's project and its relation to philosophy, the extent to which he agrees and disagrees with Ernst Mach, and his influence on the .

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30

Bedford, Elliott Louis, and Jason T. Eberl. "Actual Human Persons Are Sexed, Unified Beings." Ethics & Medics 42, no. 10 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/em2017421016.

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Recently, Edward Furton commented on an article that we published in Health Care Ethics USA concerning the philosophical and theological anthropology informing the discussion of appropriate care for individuals with gender dysphoria and intersex conditions. We appreciate the opportunity to clarify the points we made in that article, particularly the metaphysical mechanics underlying our contention that, as part of a unified human person, the human rational soul is sexed. We hope this more in-depth metaphysical explanation shows that Furton’s concern, while valid insofar as our position may have needed clarifying, is nevertheless ill-founded with respect to our contention that actually existent human rational souls are sexed.

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31

Davis, William B. "Music Therapy in Victorian England." Journal of British Music Therapy 2, no. 1 (1988): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135945758800200103.

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The purpose of this article was to trace the growth and development of the Guild of St. Cecilia. This late nineteenth century organisation was founded by Frederick Kill Harford in London to provide music therapy to hospitalised patients. All information was derived from letters written by Harford and editorials that appeared in British medical and music periodicals. Initially, the Guild enjoyed great success and was endorsed by important people such as Florence Nightingale and Sir Richard Quain, physician to Queen Victoria. The Rev. Harford was astute in his observations that the effects of music must be tested to find the most beneficial ways for it to be used as therapy. He envisaged an association that would provide live and transmitted music via telephone to London's hospitals. Ultimately, due to the lack of support from the press, limited financial resources and Harford's ill health the organisation failed to prosper. Despite this, the Guild of St. Cecilia remains important because it kept alive the idea that music could be used therapeutically to benefit physically and mentally ill people.

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32

Collignon, René. "Henri Collomb and the emergence of a psychiatry open to otherness through interdisciplinary dialogue in post-independence Dakar." History of Psychiatry 29, no. 3 (2018): 350–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x18777210.

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During decolonization, Henri Collomb was appointed to the first Chair of Psychiatry at the University of Dakar. Using a neuropsychiatric approach, he quickly made significant advances in the field, despite the colonial era’s poor legacy of assistance facilities for mentally ill people. Through alliances with professors and researchers from the university Departments of Psychology and Sociology, an original interdisciplinary dialogue was set up to build up a research team which would develop rich and varied activities in the fields of transcultural psychiatry, medical anthropology and psychoanalytic anthropology. The methodological and theoretical contributions of such an approach are well illustrated in the book Œdipe africain by M-C and E Ortigues and in the journal founded in 1965, Psychopathologie africaine.

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33

Maier, Bernd P. "Up Close: Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, An International Neutron Research Center." MRS Bulletin 13, no. 1 (1988): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400066537.

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The Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL) at Grenoble, France was formally founded in January 1967, with the signature of an intergovernmental convention between France and the Federal Republic of Germany. The aim was to provide the scientific community of the affiliated countries with a unique neutron beam facility applicable in fields such as the physics of condensed matter, chemistry, biology, nuclear physics, and materials science. The construction of the Institut and its high flux reactor was undertaken as a joint French-German project, with a total capital investment of 335 million French francs.The reactor first went critical in August 1971 and reached its full power of 57 MW for the first time in December 1971. The year 1972 saw the startup of the cold and hot sources, the first instruments, and the beginning of the experimental program.On January 1, 1973, the United Kingdom joined the Institut as a third equal partner, contributing its share to the total capital investment. In December 1986, an agreement on “Scientific Membership” for Spain was signed for a period of five years starting January 1, 1987. The ILL is a nontrading company under French civil law. The three countries are represented by the following associates: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH (W. Germany), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (France), and Science and Engineering Research Council (United Kingdom). These associates are represented on a Steering Committee which establishes the general rules of the management of the ILL.

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34

Rynkowski, Michał. "Religious Courts in the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 18, no. 1 (2015): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x15000848.

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The jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) on religious freedom is well known and is the subject of frequent comment. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of a particular aspect, where the ECtHR had to consider a dispute in which a religious court was involved at an earlier stage. In these cases, nolens volens, the ECtHR had to adjudicate upon the competence and procedure of these courts and tribunals. To date, there have only been nine such cases, of which only three have led to a judgment. Yet, from the remaining six which were declared inadmissible or manifestly ill-founded, there is something to be learned about the approach of the ECtHR to religious courts.

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35

GESS, RANDALL. "More on (distinctive!) vowel length in historical French." Journal of French Language Studies 18, no. 2 (2008): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269508003256.

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ABSTRACTWhile rejecting a claim for the disappearance of distinctive vowel length in historical French as ‘counterfactual’ (Picard, 2004: 3), Picard's own arguments in support of the existence of vowel length do not rise to the level of fact. Picard fails to differentiate between derived versus underlying (hence distinctive) features. Further, his assumptions regarding vowel length from the Middle French period on are ill founded. Regarding the truly minor vocalic contrasts that do exist in Canadian French mid and low vowels, Picard makes several unmotivated assumptions and unsupported assertions that preclude consideration of other, plausible scenarios for their existence. Minor vocalic contrasts such as these, with little to no functional load, can be modeled in phonological grammars without an unnecessary proliferation of phonological categories.

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DEPOORTÈRE, CHRISTOPHE. "WILLIAM NASSAU SENIOR AND DAVID RICARDO ON THE METHOD OF POLITICAL ECONOMY." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 35, no. 1 (2013): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837212000612.

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This paper reconsiders the supposed agreement of David Ricardo and William Nassau Senior on the question of the method of political economy. The first part shows that Senior was very critical about Ricardo’s approach to economic phenomena and considered that this question of method had important consequences on theoretical points. The second part analyzes the way Ricardo was dealing with economics. It shows that though Senior was right in considering that their respective methods were different and led to important analytical divergences, he nevertheless misunderstood Ricardo’s method with a hypothetico-deductive one. The consequence is that Senior’s criticisms on Ricardo’s theories of rent, natural wages, and of the tendencies of agricultural returns to decrease and of profit to fall are ill-founded, being based on a misunderstanding of the way they were established.

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Kassoti, Eva. "The Sound of One Hand Clapping: Unilateral Declarations of Independence in International Law." German Law Journal 17, no. 2 (2016): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s207183220001974x.

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In light of the uncertainty surrounding recent unilateral declarations of independence, this Article purports to re-visit the question of their legal nature under international law. The Article shows that the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) judgment in the Kosovo advisory opinion (hereafter referred to as the Kosovo Opinion) is of little assistance in establishing whether and to what extent such declarations fall within the ambit of international law. The Article proceeds to examine claims that unilateral declarations of independence are regulated—entirely or partly—by international law and argues that these claims are ill-founded on multiple grounds. The Article asserts that international law is legally neutral towards the claims—a proposition in accord with both the factual nature of the process of state formation in international law and with the relevant practice.

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Dickson, James H., Klaus Oeggl, Timothy G. Holden, Linda L. Handley, Tamsin C. O'Connell, and Thomas Preston. "The omnivorous Tyrolean Iceman: colon contents (meat, cereals, pollen, moss and whipworm) and stable isotope analyses." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 355, no. 1404 (2000): 1843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0739.

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The contents of the colon of the Tyrolean Iceman who lived ca. 5300 years ago include muscle fibres, cereal remains, a diversity of pollen, and most notably that of the hop hornbeam ( Ostrya carpinifolia ) retaining cellular contents, as well as a moss leaf ( Neckera complanata ) and eggs of the parasitic whipworm ( Trichuris trichiura ). Based almost solely on stable isotope analyses and ignoring the work on the colon contents, two recently published papers on the Iceman's diet draw ill-founded conclusions about vegetarianism and even veganism. Neither the pollen nor the moss is likely to have been deliberately consumed as food by the Iceman. All the available evidence concerning the Iceman's broad-based diet is reviewed and the significance of the colon contents for matters other than assessment of food intake is outlined.

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Keen, Steve. "The Misinterpretation of Marx's Theory of Value." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 15, no. 2 (1993): 282–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200000985.

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The “technical” interpretation of Karl Marx's theory of value, which asserted that the concept of use-value played no role in his economics, has in recent years been shown to be ill-founded. In particular, R. Rosdolsky (1977) and S. Groll (1980) have established the importance that Marx attached to the concept of use-value in his theory of value, while I have shown that the use-value is an essential component of his analysis of the commodity, and that when properly applied, that analysis invalidates the labor theory of value (Keen 1993). This modern re-evaluation of Marx raises the question of how the traditional view developed in the first place. R. Hilferding aside, the answer does not paint a complimentary picture of the scholarship of either friend or foe of Marx in the debate over his theory of value.

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FILLION, LISE, RÉJEANNE DUPUIS, ISABELLE TREMBLAY, GASTON-RENÉ DE GRÂCE, and WILLIAM BREITBART. "Enhancing meaning in palliative care practice: A meaning-centered intervention to promote job satisfaction." Palliative and Supportive Care 4, no. 4 (2006): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951506060445.

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Objectives: This article introduces a new meaning-centered psycho-educational group intervention, called Enhancing meaning in palliative care nursing, designed to support nurses providing palliative care. This intervention aims at increasing job satisfaction and quality of life, as well as preventing burnout in this particular population.Theoretical frameworks: Its format and content are founded on the meaning-centered psychotherapy approach developed for terminally ill cancer patients (Breitbart, 2001; Greenstein & Breitbart, 2000). Frankl's existential therapeutic approach, called logotherapy, serves as the underlying theoretical framework to this intervention.Development: Following the presentation of the context and the development of the intervention, its content is described.Conclusion: A brief description of the ongoing randomized controlled trial testing the intervention is then provided. Finally, the way in which this intervention could contribute to nurses' quality of life and suggestions for future developments are briefly discussed.

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Fabricius, Claus. "Paris 1676: The Discovery of the Velocity of Light and the Roles of Rømer and Cassini." Journal for the History of Astronomy 50, no. 4 (2019): 456–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021828619869445.

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It is often claimed that the 1676 discoveries at the Paris Observatory of a new irregularity in the orbit of Jupiter’s first satellite and of the velocity of light were not due to Rømer alone but that Cassini played a major role or even that Rømer took over these ideas from Cassini. These claims indirectly accuse Rømer and Cassini of dishonesty. We investigate the foundations of these allegations through an analysis of apparent contradictions in the primary, historical sources. The minutes from a meeting of the Academy on 22 August 1676 are especially important. Our analysis shows no reason to believe that Cassini took part in the discoveries, but his criticism incited Rømer to argue his case better. We conclude that the discoveries were due to Rømer alone and that the accusations against the two scientists of dishonesty are ill founded.

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Matsubara, Yo, and Masahiro Shioya. "Nowhere precipitousness of some ideals." Journal of Symbolic Logic 63, no. 3 (1998): 1003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2586723.

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In this paper we will present a simple condition for an ideal to be nowhere precipitous. Through this condition we show nowhere precipitousness of fundamental ideals on Pkλ, in particular the non-stationary ideal NSkλ under cardinal arithmetic assumptions.In this section I denotes a non-principal ideal on an infinite set A. Let I+ = PA / I (ordered by inclusion as a forcing notion) and I∣X = {Y ⊂ A: Y ⋂ X ∈ I}, which is also an ideal on A for X ∈ I+. We refer the reader to [8, Section 35] for the general theory of generic ultrapowers associated with an ideal. We recall I is said to be precipitous if ⊨I+ “Ult(V, Ġ) is well-founded” [9].The central notion of this paper is a strong negation of precipitousness [1]:Definition. I is nowhere precipitous if I∣X is not precipitous for every X ∈ I+ i.e., ⊨I+ “Ult(V, Ġ) is ill-founded.”It is useful to characterize nowhere precipitousness in terms of infinite games (see [11, Section 27]). Consider the following game G(I) between two players, Nonempty and Empty [5]. Nonempty and Empty alternately choose Xn ∈ I+ and Yn ∈ I+ respectively so that Xn ⊃ Yn ⊃n+1. After ω moves, Empty wins the game if⋂n<ωXn=⋂n<ωYn = Ø.See [5, Theorem 2] for a proof of the following characterization.Proposition. I is nowhere precipitous if and only if Empty has a winning strategy in G(I).

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Brunelle, Gayle K. "Ambassadors and Administrators: The Role of Clerics in Early French Colonies in Guiana." Itinerario 40, no. 2 (2016): 257–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115316000358.

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Of all of France’s early modern colonial ventures, the least studied and most obscure are the French efforts to establish settlements, missions, and plantations in Guiana. Still, the seventeenth-century French colonies in Guiana had much in common with the sixteenth-century French efforts to colonize Florida and Brazil, and their trajectories were every bit as dramatic and their outcomes equally dismal. Although not sponsored as Huguenot refuges in the New World from Catholic oppression in the Old, and thus not burdened with the fierce competition between Protestant and Catholic colonists that plagued the sixteenth-century ventures, the Guiana colonies were also prey to deep internal divisions over piety and morality, and even more over power and the purpose of the colony. Were they primarily missions to the Native peoples, plantations, or commercial ventures focused on locating sources of precious metals or establishing plantations? This paper examines the role of clerics in the genesis, financing, trajectories, and collapse of the earliest French colonies in Guiana, in particular two colonies founded about ten years apart, in 1643 and 1652. I will the argue that whereas historians have often assumed that missionaries and evangelizing were often little more than an encumbrance to early colonial ventures, useful mostly for raising funds in France, in reality clerics played a central role in shaping chartered colonial companies and the colonies they founded, for good and for ill.

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Rumeser, Johannes A. A., and Theodora Elma Tambuwun. "Hubungan Antara Tingkat Stres Kerja dengan Pemilihan Coping Stress Strategy Karyawan di Kantor Pusat Adira Insurance." Humaniora 2, no. 1 (2011): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v2i1.2972.

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Business development in Indonesia affects companies’ competitiveness so they must be able to compete and survive to reach their goal. One of the ways is to use the resources well. Employees are one company resources that help to reach the goals, therefore they have a high possibility of having working stress in doing their job in the company. If employess have working stress, they will get ill and cause financial loss to company. This research is purposed to deal with working stress problems by investigate the relation between working stress level and choosing coping stress strategy for employees in Adira Insurance. Samples in this research consist of 30 men respondents, 49 women respondent, and 5 random respondents. This research type is non-experimental, and as correlational research. This research founded that there is positive relationship between working stress level and choosing coping stress strategy for employees in Adira Insurance.

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Katz Cogan, Jacob. "Stichting Mothers of Srebrenica v. Netherlands." American Journal of International Law 107, no. 4 (2013): 884–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.107.4.0884.

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On June 11, 2013, in Stichting Mothers of Srebrenica, a chamber of the European Court of Human Rights found that the Dutch courts’ grant of immunity to the United Nations in a case brought by and on behalf of relatives of individuals killed by the Army of the Republika Srpska in and around Srebrenica in July 1995 did not run afoul of Articles 6 and 13 of the European Convention on Human Rights (Convention). Those provisions guarantee, respectively and among other things, the right of access to a court and the right to “an effective remedy before a national authority” if any Convention right is violated. Having found that the challenged decisions accorded with Dutch obligations under the Convention, the chamber declared the application before the Court inadmissible as “manifestly ill-founded” and “rejected” it pursuant to Article 35(3)(a) and 4. The chamber’s decision was unanimous.

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Lonati, Simone. "Fair Trial and the Interpretation Approach Adopted by the Strasbourg Court." European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 25, no. 1 (2017): 52–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718174-25012106.

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The interpretation of the European Convention of Human Rights is not a process unknown to the national interpreter. This explains the importance of understanding the different methods employed by the Strasbourg Court in the interpretation of the Convention provisions. The main criticism that has been addressed to the Court’s interpretation activity is the belief that Strasbourg has over the years failed to outline a univocal interpretation framework, choosing to resort to different canons of interpretation from time to time based on the specific circumstances of the case under examination and the interests at stake. This paper aims to demonstrate how such criticism is ill-founded and how in fact a predominant role can be assigned to the teleological approach, serving as a guideline in the logical argumentative process and ensuring a concrete and effective protection of the rights of defence, in compliance with the “context”, “object” and “purpose” of the Convention.

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Gilley, Sheridan. "The Irish Diaspora." Recusant History 23, no. 4 (1997): 631–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200032714.

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The fifth volume in Patrick O’Sullivan’s ground-breaking series The Irish World Wide (1996) is devoted to Irish religion. In his choice of contributors and contributions, the editor has achieved a careful balance between Catholic and Protestant, the latter being a category often too ill-researched to appear in such collections. O’Sullivan’s introduction opens with a retelling of the tale of a confused sixteenth-century Irish Catholic lad who conformed to Protestantism in England, became a sailor and fell victim to the Mexican Inquisition. The introduction concludes with another American tale, also told in Janice Tranter's essay on the Sisters of St Jospeh in Australia, of a Sister from the order who was executed by Shining Path guerillas in Peru. Yet another moving narrative is Anne-Maree (sic) Whitaker’s story of the Irish convict priests and rebels who founded the Catholic Church in Australia.

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Lynch, Tosca. "The Symphony of Temperance in Republic 4." Greek and Roman Musical Studies 5, no. 1 (2017): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22129758-12341287.

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This paper calls into question a long-lasting but ill-founded tenet of Platonic scholarship, namely that Plato was not interested in, or aware of, the technical implications of the musical concepts he employed in the dialogues. Conversely, I will show how Plato exploited the technical and practical features of the concept ofsymphōnía dià pasôn, and of choral singing more generally, to highlight the unique role played by temperance (sōphrosýnē) in the ideal city. More precisely I contend that Plato’s musical images, far from being decorative or purely metaphoric devices, enrich our understanding of this ethical notion precisely by means of their technical and performative implications, which were very familiar to the original readers of theRepublic. Hence musical theory and practice, in addition to being central elements of the cultural context in which Plato’s reflections must be interpreted, represent also a repertoire of concepts that significantly informed his philosophical theories.

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West, Emily, Bregje Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Hans Philipsen, Irene J. Higginson, and H. R. W. Pasman. "“Keep All Thee ‘Til the End”: Reclaiming the Lifeworld for Patients in the Hospice Setting." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 78, no. 4 (2017): 390–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222817697040.

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St Christopher’s Hospice, London, was founded to provide specialist care to the incurably ill. We studied the dimensions of difference that set St Christopher’s Hospice apart from hospital care of the dying, focusing on physical space and social organization. Material from 1953 to 1980 from the Cicely Saunders Archive was analyzed qualitatively. Through thematic analysis, quotes were found and analyzed using open coding. Five themes were developed. Themes identified were home/homelike, community, consideration of others, link with outside world, and privacy. The hospice philosophy functioned as the catalyst for the development of the physical environment of St Christopher’s Hospice. Taking Habermas’ concept of lifeworld, it seems that, in contrast to acute care, the need for hospice to formulate their own lifeworld to support and fully engage patients was central. As lifeworlds are culture sensitive, this underlines the need for variation in design and organization of hospices around the world.

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Labridy-Stofle, Corine. "Departmental Dystopia." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, no. 3 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749734.

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This essay seeks to add a set of novellas written by Raphaël Confiant between 1994 and 1997 to the ongoing conversation surrounding the Éloge de la créolité and its controversial legacy. In the nearly thirty years since its publication, the Éloge and its authors have been dispraised for their monomaniacal concern for the past and their phallocentric disregard for women’s critical role in the transmission of Antillean culture. Far from suggesting that these accusations are ill-founded, this essay contends that Confiant responded to the critiques and confronted the Éloge’s blindspots in his Trilogie tropicale. These exuberant works, which think through the effects of modernity, globalization, and cultural domination on contemporary Martinique, have been largely ignored, perhaps because they do not follow the poetic principles outlined in the Éloge. Rather than treating them apart from other créoliste writings, this essay proposes that they constitute a self-reflexive moment in Confiant’s oeuvre.

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