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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Illegal dumping of waste'
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Liu, Sai-him Jeffrey. "Illegal dumping of hazardous waste in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20667644.
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Liu, Sai-him Jeffrey, and 廖世謙. "Illegal dumping of hazardous waste in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254081.
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Mralaza, Phumelele David. "Negative impacts of illegal waste dumping in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018650.
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South Africa is confronted by waste management challenges and the need to redress environmentally acceptable waste management practices. In seeking to address this challenge, the South African government has introduced waste management legislation, policies and strategies. Despite the legislation, policies and strategies on waste management, illegal waste dumping continues to exist as a major challenge in particular for the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. This study focuses on illegal waste dumping in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality which negatively impacts on development. The study seeks to make recommendations which will assist the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality to improve its waste management services. This study involved a community participatory approach by communities in Motherwell, New Brighton and Gelvandale. The research follows a mixed method approach, employing both qualitative and quantitative approach. A Public Perception Survey is used as a method of data collection aimed at determining the present public opinions regarding the waste management services currently offered by the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM). The study found that despite interventions by the NMBM to address illegal dumping, the problem continues to exist. Poor service provision by the NMBM in terms of waste collection services combined with the lack of awareness of the community‟s responsibility towards the cleanliness of its communities leads to littering and illegal dumping of waste by communities. The NMBM is not effective in the planning, coordination and implementation of its waste management services. Recommendations have been presented with regard to how effective waste management services in NMBM can be enhanced.
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Kimani, Alexander. "Gis mapping of community perceptions of illegal waste dumping in Mbekweni, Paarl." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8251.
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Magister Artium - MAIllegal dumping is a global environmental problem that receives significant management and research attention from various fields of study. Illegally disposed waste (in all of its formats) can cause negative impacts on natural and human environments, and often requires multilevel interventions to abate, or to solve the resultant problems. The impacts of illegal or unsustainable disposal of waste on land, water bodies and the atmosphere contribute to various environmental problems and their levels of intensity at global, regional, national and local scales. Illegal waste disposal also infringes on fundamental human rights that are associated with clean and safe living environments.
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Mardle, Dennis. "What explains the differences in response by the international community to the issues of state failure, illegal fishing, hazardous waste dumping and piracy off the coast of Somalia?" Thesis, University of Canterbury. Law, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10124.
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In the last decade of the 20th Century Somalia made the headlines around the world as the place where a UN force had been withdrawn from due to losses inflicted on US and other troops by members of groups associated with two warlords. In the latter part of the first decade of the 21st Century Somalia was again in the global headlines, but this time associated with acts of piracy committed off its coastline.
Behind these headlines lay a complex mixture of problems stretching back as far as the early colonisation of the lands that became Somalia and populated with western European concepts ill suited to the peoples of those lands. The loss of effective government opened the door to neo colonial issues of illegal fishing and hazardous waste dumping that contributed to the piracy problem. Finely interwoven amongst all these issues runs a thread of international law.
This thesis examines that thread as it runs through the concept of state failure and asks if it is a legal term and what legal consequences, if any, are attached to it. It examines the international legal frameworks that support fishing and hazardous waste dumping and seeks to understand why they have not prevented illegal fishing and the illegal dumping of hazardous waste off the coast of Somalia.
This thesis then examines the concept of piracy as applied to Somalian pirates and seeks answers to questions as to what it is and how it has been applied. It looks at the use of private security as a response and seeks to find the legitimation for their actions in relation to pirates.
Sewn throughout is a comparison of responses and suggestions for improvement to international law.
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Dunauskas, Simas. "Material Flow Analysis in the long and short term : Gaborone Transfer and Recycling Station (GTARS)." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-113561.
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This thesis has been performed in Gaborone, Botswana, where all interviews and relevant research data collection took place. The main method of data collection was a semi-structured interviews with relevant parties involved in waste management and generation in Gaborone.This work is part of a larger feasibility study called “Gaborone Transfer and Recycling Station (GTARS)”. The main objective is to make waste management in Gaborone more sustainable, taking environmental, social and economic aspects into account. The aim of this master thesis is to investigate the waste flow rates and composition in the capital city of Botswana, Gaborone. Taking this into account, other factors which directly influence waste generation and composition are identified. The findings show that currently in the year 2014, the city of Gaborone is generating about 348 tons of solid waste per day.Further investigation showed that illegal dumping is a prominent practice in Gaborone, mostly due to the long distance to the landfill and generally low environmental awareness amongst the citizens of the city. The waste generation rates are increasing every year, because the city of Gaborone is expanding rapidly and economic conditions facilitate the increasing urbanization rate. The analysis done till the year 2024 indicate that waste amounts might reach up to 433 tons of solid waste generated per day. Waste composition analysis is constrained, because of the limited data sources available on this subject, but the analysis shows that paper, biodegradable waste and plastics are the main fractions found in the municipal waste stream.Gaborone Transfer and Recycling Station (GTARS)
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Campos, Esparza Hugo. "Conflictos socioambientales asociados a los microbasurales : relaciones territoriales de un fenómeno común, caso comuna de El Quisco, Región de Valparaíso, Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170466.
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Memoria para optar al título de GeógrafoEn la comuna de El Quisco en la Región de Valparaíso, como en la mayoría de las comunas del país, no son ajenas las complicaciones que conlleva la gestión de los residuos, dichas complicaciones radican en el problema del florecimiento de microbasurales en diversos sectores del territorio comunal, que poseen ciertas características geográficas, sociales o sectoriales que pueden explicar su localización mediante el uso de los SIG. Sin embargo, la situación de los microbasurales no solo tienen explicaciones de su generación, sino que también suelen generar conflictos en la comunidad, el sector público y sectorialmente, como sucede con el turismo, principalmente en épocas estivales. Estos conflictos suelen expresarse de diversas formas y en distintas plataformas, pero tienden a invisibilizarse producto de la normalidad y de la cotidianeidad que estos han adquirido a través de los años y de la poca cultura ambiental que posee gran parte de la población nacional. De acuerdo a la ubicación, al tamaño, y a la población que habita los lugares donde se producen, algunos casos pueden generar tal cantidad de problemas graves, que se puede hablar de los microbasurales como generadores de un conflicto socioambiental.
In the commune of El Quisco in the Región de Valparaíso, as in most of the country's municipalities, are no stranger, the complications that involves the management of waste, this complications lies in the problem of the flowering of illegal dumping of waste in various sectors of the communal territory. Geography, social or sectoral networks can explain their location through the use of GIS. However, the situation of the illegal dumping of waste not only have explanations of their generation, but also often generate conflicts in the community, the public sector and sectorally, as it happens with tourism, mainly in the summer. These conflicts are usually a way of expressing the different forms and different platforms, but also a product of normality and everyday life that has been acquired over the years and the little environmental culture that has a large part of the national population. According to the location, the size, and the population that inhabits the places where they are produced, some cases can generate such amount of serious problems, that can talk about the fly-dumping as a socio-environmental conflict.
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Gouveia, Jorge Luiz Nobre. "Descarte de resíduos químicos na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, seus impactos socioambientais - uma proposta de política pública para enfrentamento de situações emergenciais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-19102015-161350/.
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O descarte de resíduos químicos é uma prática lesiva ao meio ambiente e à saúde da população. Nesse trabalho foi realizado levantamento dos impactos socioambientais com base nos registros de descartes de resíduos químicos da Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo - CETESB, no período de 2005 a 2013, tomando como referência a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo - RMSP, em especial as cidades de São Paulo e Guarulhos. Dentre os resultados que nortearam o trabalho se destacam a caracterização da prática de descarte de resíduos químicos, sobrepondo a mapas temáticos georreferenciados de rodovias e recursos hídricos. Também por meio de pesquisa dirigida aos principais atores intervenientes dos cenários acidentais,foi possível conhecer os processos atuais de intervenção e de tratamento, aplicados nos descartes de resíduos químicos nas esferas municipais e estaduais. Nesse contexto, o Decreto Estadual nº 59.263/2013, que regulamenta a Lei nº 13.577/2009 sobre a proteção da qualidade do solo e gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas criou o Fundo Estadual para Prevenção e Remediação de Áreas Contaminadas (FEPRAC), destinado à identificação e remediação das áreas órfãs. O FEPRAC apresentase como um instrumento econômico capaz de elidir o perigo nos casos de emergências químicas envolvendo o descarte de resíduos sem a identificação do responsável.The disposal of chemical waste is a harmful practice to public health and the environment.This work was carried out survey of social and environmental impacts based on the records of illegal dumping of chemical waste of the Environmental Agency of São Paulo State - CETESB, in the period 2005-2013, with reference to the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo - especially cities of São Paulo and Guarulhos. Among the results that guided the work stand out the characterization of the practice of disposal of chemical waste, overlaying the GIS thematic maps of roads and water resources. Also through research aimed at key stakeholders of accident scenarios it was possible to know the current processes of intervention and treatment applied in illegal dumping of chemical waste in the municipal and state levels. In this context, the State Decree Nº 59.263/2013, which regulates Law Nº 13.577/2009 on the protection of soil quality and management of contaminated areas created the State Fund for Prevention and Remediation of Contaminated Sites (FEPRAC) for the identification and remediation of these so-called \"orphan areas. The FEPRAC presents itself as an economic instrument that can eliminate the danger in such cases of chemical emergencies involving illegal dumping of chemical wastes without identifying the responsible.
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Ahmad, Shakeel [Verfasser]. "A contribution to open pit hard coal mine waste rock management : comparing sidehill fill with layered dumping / Shakeel Ahmad." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1046646192/34.
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Kone, Lassana. "Pollution in Africa : a new toxic waste colonialism? An assessment of compliance of the Bamako Convention in Cote d’Ivoire." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/12433.
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While exploring the new forms of pollution in Africa, this study also focuses on the 2006 toxic dumping incident in Cote d’Ivoire viewed by commentators as the biggest scandal of the 21st century. Looks at the incident from a human rights approach considering the linkages between the human rights suffering and the environment and also the right to enjoy the best attainable state of physical and mental health.A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Mr Imeru Tamirat, Faculty of Law, Addis Ababa University
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2009.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Wutyi, Naing. "Anthropogenic Waste Management Using Material Flow Analysis Under Data Limited Conditions in Mandalay, Myanmar." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/244540.
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Oberg, Ingrid Maria Furlan. "Análise da aplicação da Convenção da Basiléia pelo governo brasileiro com foco no trânsito transfronteiriço de resíduos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-03042017-124623/.
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A gestão dos resíduos gerados pela sociedade, que envolve seu tratamento, valorização, aproveitamento e/ou disposição final, é um tema global que demanda de governos, empresas e cidadãos soluções adequadas. O transporte transfronteiriço de resíduos considerado tráfico quando realizado ilegalmente tornou-se uma realidade a ser enfrentada, visto que transfere os impactos de resíduos perigosos de países geradores para países que frequentemente dispõem de meios escassos para lidar eficientemente com os mesmos, aumentando a probabilidade de problemas ambientais e de saúde pública. A Convenção da Basiléia, promulgada em 1989, estabeleceu regras e limites internacionais ao trânsito de resíduos perigosos. O Brasil, como signatário da Convenção, assumiu sua implementação através do Decreto nº 875 de 19 de julho 1993. À revelia das normativas existentes, ocorrem casos de tráfico de resíduos irregulares nas fronteiras e portos brasileiros. As importações irregulares identificadas são tratadas na forma da lei pelos órgãos competentes, gerando processos administrativos, autuações e notificações. Neste trabalho realizamos um levantamento descritivo dos casos de tráfico ilegal de resíduos identificados nas fronteiras e portos brasileiros e analisamos a eficiência e eficácia do governo brasileiro, através de seu órgão ambiental IBAMA/MMA, em coibir e impedir essa prática criminosa. Utilizamos para tanto os seguintes indicadores: a identificação das cargas irregulares pelos entes governamentais; a devolução das cargas aos países de origem; a autuação dos responsáveis pelo tráfico; a comunicação ao Secretariado da Convenção da Basiléia e as ações visando coibir esta prática. A análise dos dados levantados permitiu verificar a evolução dos procedimentos governamentais afetos à problemática e apontar lacunas existentes que limitam a eficácia e eficiência das ações empreendidas.The management of the waste generated by society, involving its treatment, recovery, and/or final disposal, is a global issue that demands of governments, businesses and citizens appropriate solutions. Cross-border transport of dangerous waste considered illegal trafficking when performed irregularly became a reality to be faced, since it transfers the potential impacts of harmful wastes from generator countries to other regions which generally have limited means to handle efficiently with them, increasing the possibility of environmental and public health problems. The Basel Convention, enacted in 1989, established international rules and limits on hazardous waste transit. Brazil, as a signatory of the Convention, assumed its implementation through Decree nº 875 of July 19, 1993. Despite the existing regulations, there are cases of illegal waste trafficking identified at the Brazilian borders and seaports. Identified irregular imports are treated by the competent national bodies according to existing laws and rules, generating administrative proceedings, fines and notifications. In this work, we conduct a descriptive survey of cases of illegal waste trafficking identified at the borders and seaports and analyze the Brazilian government efficiency and effectiveness, through its environmental agency IBAMA/MMA, in curbing and preventing this criminal practice. For this intent, we analyzed the following indicators: the identification of irregular cargos by governmental agencies; proceedings adopted against those responsible for trafficking; the return of the irregular cargos to the countries of origin; communication to the Secretariat of the Basel Convention and the actions to curb this practice. The analysis of the collected data has shown progress in government procedures pertaining to the issue and point out gaps that limit the effectiveness and efficiency of the actions.
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Bayeba, Marina Céline. "Gestion intégrée des zones côtières en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas de la Côte d'Ivoire." Thesis, Littoral, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019DUNK0551.
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Le littoral fait l'objet d'un enjeu économique, social et environnemental très important. Son exploitation abusive l'expose à des aléas réduisant la faculté des écosystèmes côtiers à se préserver et à se maintenir. La Côte d'Ivoire a ratifié la quasi-totalité des Conventions et accords internationaux prônant la gestion intégrée de cet espace. Cet objectif de gestion intégrée du littoral n'est pas facile à atteindre en raison de cette gestion initiale sectorisée mais aussi en raison de l'éclatement des compétences et de la non connexion entre les différents enjeux relatifs à la conservation et à la protection des avantages écosystémiques, culturelles et économiques des espaces littoraux. La recherche de coordination et de cohérence politique, économique et juridique a amené l'Etat à l'adoption en 2014 de la loi sur le littoral et le code maritime. Ces actions restent néanmoins à parfaire en permettant la participation de tous les acteurs aux différents processus et en facilitant l'accès à la justiceThe coastline is the subject of a very important economic, social and environmental issue. Its abusive exploitation makes it vulnerable, and exposes it to hazards reducing the hability of coastal ecosystems to preserve and maintain themselves. For the management of its coastline, Côte d'Ivoire has ratified almost all the Conventions and International agreements advocating the integrated management of this area. This objective is not easy to achieve because of this initial management sectorized but also because the fragmentation of skills and the lack of connection between the various issues related to conservation and protection of ecosystems benefits, cultural and economics of coastal areas. The search for coordination and coherence at the institutional, politicaln economic and legal levels is essential. Actions have been led, the adoption in 2014 of the law on the coast and the adoption of the new maritime code. These actions to be perfected must allow everyone to participate and facilitate access to justice
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Feki, Nesma. "Modèles physique et numérique de la stabilité des couvertures géosynthétiques sur pente : application aux centres de stockage des déchets." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10067.
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Nous traitons, dans le cadre de ce memoire, la stabilite des revetements en geosynthetiques, et le dimensionnement de leurs systemes d'ancrage a l'aide de modeles physique et numerique. Une experimentation en vraie grandeur de chargement du sol de couverture sur pente avec mesure des deplacements et des tensions dans les composantes geosynthetiques, a ete realisee dans le centre de stockage des dechets a montreuil sur barse. Parallelement, une etude experimentale a ete menee par le l. G. M (i. R. I. G. M) ainsi que par des laboratoires publics (cemagref d'antony, d'aix en provence et de bordeaux), pour caracteriser les materiaux du site ainsi que leurs interfaces par des essais de frottements. Un premier calcul de stabilite du systeme de revetement de montreuil, a ete realise a l'aide d'un logiciel de calcul etage developpe au l. C. P. C, et base sur la methode des tranches <<<>perturbations<>>>. La comparaison des resultats des simulations effectuees aux mesures experimentales a permis une premiere validation du logiciel. L'experimentation de montreuil a ete ensuite modelisee a l'aide du code de calcul en elements finis developpe au l. G. M. La comparaison du comportement en efforts-deplacements du systeme sur pente aux resultats des simulations numeriques, a permis la validation du code de calcul et les options de calcul en grands deplacements au niveau de l'interface. Pour traiter le probleme specifique de l'ancrage, ayant fait l'objet a notre connaissance de peu d'etudes, des essais d'extraction de nappe, avec differentes geometries d'ancrage, ont ete realisees dans un milieu bidimensionnel <<<>rouleaux de schneebeli<>>> avec mesure de la tension en tete de la nappe. Finalement, une modelisation numerique des essais d'extraction a ete proposee.
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ANDREATTA, DANIELA. "Un’analisi esplorativa delle determinanti della gestione illegale dei rifiuti: il caso italiano." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/55868.
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Negli ultimi anni, la gestione illegale dei rifiuti ha attirato l’attenzione pubblica e dell’accademia. A causa delle sue conseguenze negative non solo per l’ambiente, ma anche per la salute pubblica e la crescita economica, gli esperti hanno cominciato ad esplorare le dinamiche del fenomeno e le possibilità di prevenzione. Alcuni studi hanno evidenziato l’esistenza di diversi fattori che possono determinare la gestione illegale dei rifiuti, ma pochi di essi hanno empiricamente testato la validità dei fattori stessi. Di conseguenza, si avverte la necessità di produrre nuova conoscenza sull’argomento.
Il presente studio consiste in un’analisi esplorativa di fattori socio-economici, fattori di policy e di performance, e fattori criminali che influenzano la gestione illegale dei rifiuti in Italia. Dopo aver identificato le determinanti considerate rilevanti dalla letteratura, l’obiettivo è quello di testarle empiricamente. Per prima cosa, grazie all’unicità di un dataset creato sul contesto italiano, nello studio si indaga quantitativamente l’effetto di diversi fattori sul fenomeno attraverso un’analisi econometrica. Successivamente, lo studio prosegue con un’analisi “crime script” al fine di esplorare quali fattori suggeriti dalla letteratura e testati nella parte quantitativa emergono anche da casi studio e come effettivamente intervengono nel ciclo dei rifiuti italiano.
I risultati indicano che la gestione illegale dei rifiuti è determinata da: i) uno scarso sviluppo economico e demografico, un alto livello d’istruzione nel territorio, la presenza di turisti; ii) l'inefficienza della normativa ambientale, delle forze dell’ordine e delle prestazioni sui rifiuti; iii) la presenza di criminalità organizzata e la diffusione di crimini economici e fiscali. Prendendo spunto da questi risultati, lo studio non solo aumenta la conoscenza sul fenomeno, ma è anche in grado di avanzare alcuni suggerimenti di policy per contrastare efficacemente le condotte illegali legate alla gestione dei rifiuti.In the last several decades, illegal waste management (IWM) has attracted great academic and public attention. Due to its negative consequences not only for the environment, but also for public health and economic growth, scholars started to be interested in the dynamics of IWM and in how to prevent it. Some studies stressed the existence of different factors that can determine the phenomenon, but very few of them have empirically tested their validity. Consequently, developing new research on the topic is still necessary. The present study conducts an explorative analysis of the socio-economic, policy and performance-driven and criminal factors influencing IWM in Italy. After the identification of the most relevant determinants according to the literature, the objective is to empirically test them. First, thanks to a unique dataset focused on the Italian context, the study quantitatively investigates the effect of different factors on the phenomenon through an econometric analysis. Second, the study realises a crime script analysis to explore which factors suggested by the literature and tested in the quantitative part emerge also in concrete case studies and how they effectively intervene in the Italian waste cycle. Results indicate that IWM is determined by: i) a low level of economic development and population density, a high level of education and tourists’ presence; ii) inefficiency in environmental regulation, enforcement and waste performances; iii) the presence of organised crime and the diffusion of economic and fiscal crimes. According to these findings, the study not only deepens the knowledge of the phenomenon, but it is also able to provide some policy suggestions to efficiently hinder illegal conducts related to waste management.
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Gérard-Marchant, Pierre. "Caractérisation hydro-dynamique des transferts d'eau en conditions non saturées dans un milieu déformable à faible perméabilité : application aux matériaux de centre de stockage de déchets." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10155.
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L'utilisation, en centres de stockage de dechets, de materiaux deformables partiellement satures comme barrieres etanches rend necessaire la caracterisation de leurs proprietes hydrodynamiques, en particulier leur permeabilite. Ces dernieres sont examinees ici sous trois angles analytique, experimental et numerique. Si l'on suppose applicable la loi de darcy pour des milieux faiblement permeables, le transport de l'eau en milieu deformable peut etre modelise de maniere equivalente en coordonnees spatiales (formalisme eulerien) ou materielles (formalisme lagrangien). Les equations de transferts ainsi etablies relient les trois relations fonctionnelles retention, conductivite hydraulique et courbe de gonflement. L'analyse de l'infiltration en milieu non sature, tenant compte du chemin de deformation, permet alors d'introduire le concept de sorptivite apparente de la phase solide, complementaire de celui de sorptivite capillaire. Des techniques experimentales, de laboratoire (spectrometrie gamma double energie) et de terrain (infiltrometries a disques et a anneaux), sont ensuite appliquees a l'etude en regime transitoire de l'infiltration dans des materiaux compactes naturels (argiles) et artificiels (melange sable-bentonite). Enfin, les phenomenes experimentaux observes sont reproduits numeriquement a l'aide du code informatique wisp developpe pour l'occasion. Celui-ci permet l'etude des facteurs clefs de l'ecoulement en milieu peu permeable. Des differents resultats obtenus selon ces trois approches, on conclut que la capillarite est de loin le principal moteur du transport dans le type de milieux consideres. On montre par ailleurs que la prise en compte du gonflement et la bonne connaissance du chemin de deformation sont indispensables a une estimation correcte des proprietes hydrodynamiques.
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Fu, Chun-Mei, and 傅春玫. "Simulating Illegal Waste Dumping Sites with Random Phase Volume Model." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18844640032396470240.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系
92
The Random Phase Volume (RPV) model is and optimization model to simulate multi dimentional variation of chemical material combination. Due to the uncertainty of waste types, species, quantities, and pollutant concentration spatial distribution, the idea of simulating illegal waste dumping sites with RPV model was inspired by the similarity between them. A virtual illegal waste dumping site was first generated by RPV model, and then the geostatistics was used to estimate the pollutant spatial distribution. The appropriate semivariogram to analyze spatial structure under different phases was pursued. The effect of different sampling strategies and number of samples was also assessed. 15 and 20 phases in RPV model was chosen to simulate tow different site. The RPV model could be a promising mathematical tool for simulating illegal waste dumping sites has been found. The results show that the accuracy of predictien by ordinary kriging is not significant different with regular sampling and simple random sampling. In analysis structure, exponential and spherical models are preferable for fitting the theoretical semivariogram than Gaussian model. In 15 phases simulated site with random sampling, 40 observations is a critical point. But for 20 phases, the critical point is approximated at 100 observations. For Co-kriging, we change random phase volume parameters to get another 15 phases simulated site as secondary data. The predicted result is the same as ordinary kriging.
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Jou, Miao-Min, and 周妙旻. "Information Theory Aided Interactive Sampling Algorithm of Illegal Waste Dumping Sites." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60626593289863649514.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系
91
Abstract Information Theory aided Interactive Sampling Algorithm Of Illegal Waste Dumping Sites Miao-Min Jou and Kuo-Ching Chang Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Owing to the shortage of situation for the business waste as an ultimate treatment place, and the businessmen intend to pass by good fortune on the other hand, the illegal disposal situation evolves the contamination of soil and ground water is heard now and then, and what is more, damages the humans security, and thus gives rise to the notice of the authorities. To avoid form the magnification of the contamination source, Taiwan follows the advanced practice executed by the European and American nations, checks thoroughly in a positive way, makes the record to control, and launches a whole way inspection and rebuilding. The types, species, quantities, pollutant concentrations spatial distribution, and etc. in illegal waste dumping sites and soil contaminated sites are much difficult to be correctly manifested even after exhausted affordable survey. The scarce information is then used to plan, design, and perform the subsequent cleanup and remediation. Therefore, how to get the representative samples and applying appropriate estimation methods to areas not covered by sampling points are two key issues to avoid wasting huge manpower, money, and time and to accomplish a satisfactorily acceptable corrective action. In principle, the sampling strategy for target site is usually predetermined in simple random, regular, or judgmental manner. Then, geostatistics are applied to do the spatial structure analysis and spatial interpolation. The concentration of the unsampled locations in this site can be reasonably estimated. Although the kriging method has been widely and effectively used in this field, there is no acceptable strategy for illegal waste dumping sites because of its uncertainty, discontinuity, multiple phases, and highly skewed distribution. This study try to establish a more effective sampling algorithm which require less sampling and analysis data to obtain more accurate information about the sites that in turn can lead to making a right decision about the corrective action. The kriging method is a one-time sampling. The number of sampling is predetermined and the locations of sampling are usually in the grid points. In this study, we proposed to use what we call an “Information Theory-based Interactive Sampling method”, which is a combination of Ordinary Kriging, Information Theory, and Fuzzy C-Mean, to guide the sampling locations of a interested site. Initially, we still use the regular methods to sample this site. Then, based on the model built up by the kriging, we developed an algorithm to determine the subsequent sampling locations. The proposed algorithm considers the non-linearity and scarceness of the sampled location to calculate the information free energy. The proposed information free energy is an extension of information entropy that determines the information gained by calculating the probability of observed data. With the new sampled data, we have a new model calculated by the kriging method or generalized regression neural net. We can iterate the process until the pre-set objective is met. The objective can be either the maximum concentrated areas (hot spots) or the accuracy of the model. The proposed process is an evolving and interactive manner of sampling in determining the clear picture of a contaminated area. To understand the performance of the proposed algorithm versus the others, we will use Random Phase Volume Model as well as the more popular to set up a simulated virtual contaminated or dumping site. These two approaches will also be compared with each other. The preliminary results presented in this proposal show that the proposed algorithm is promising and can effectively reduce the sampling points and retrieve more information from these limited data. Thus this proposed algorithm is worthy of further studying and can be extended to real cases. Keywords：Illegal waste dumping sites, Geostatistics, Random Phase Volume, Information Theory.
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Hsiao, Chia-Hao, and 蕭家浩. "Investigation of correlations between waste dumping and soil and groundwater pollution- A case of illegal dumping sites in Changhua." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pj9q6c.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
102
The production of solid wastes and hazardous industrial waste increased due to the rapid economic growth in Taiwan since 1970. The lack of environmental awareness, regulation, and the final treatment and disposal site caused some hazardous wastes being illegal dumped. The large number of unknown and hazardous waste damaged environment and ecology, also resulted in serious environmental problems, such as soil and groundwater pollution. This study focused on several case studies about illegal dumping sites of Changhua County, and utilized Correlation Analysis Method to assess the effects if the hazardous substances being released to environment from the illegal dumping sites. According the analysis results, it could identify the potential pollution sources via comparison and analysis of pollutants’ concentrations in the dumping waste, soil, and groundwater in the illegal dumping sites. This study collected and studied the concentrations of pollutants in the dumping waste, soil, and groundwater of Changhua County''s illegal dumping sites. The analysis results showed that the relative correlation of pollutants’ concentrations between the illegal dumping waste with soil and groundwater was significant. Most of adjacent areas of dumping sites are farmland, and there is no other potential pollution source except the illegal dumping sites. According to the pollutants’ concentrations of illegal dumping wastes, soil, and groundwater, the results of relative correlation analysis indicated that the illegal dumping waste should be the major pollution source of soil and groundwater contamination.
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Hsu, Ho-Cheng, and 徐和成. "A Study on the Management Plan of Illegal Waste Dumping Sites in Pingtung County." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89026151486092519084.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系
90
In the past half century, our government has made every effort to develop industry and economy and has been awarded with great success. However, the numbers of illegal waste dumping sites are growing at an alarming rate due to several major factors, such as the imbalance between the waste production quantity and the disposal capacity, the insufficiency of legislative and administrative resources, and the ignorance of environmental protection among the people and the proprietors. A number of pits resulting from unauthorized excavation of land sand for construction use were refilled with wastes and thus formed illegal waste dumping sites in Pingtung County. The local government has been conducting survey, investigation, identification, assessment, cleanup, disposal as well as remediation affairs to protect public health and environment. Totally there were twenty-seven sites discovered and five of which were assessed as grade A sites. The hazardous constituents determined included heavy metals, semi-volatile and volatile organic compounds. So far, the wastes in four out of five grade A sites have been removed and temporarily stored for further treatment through financial and technical aids from the Environmental Protection Agency. In the process, the local government should cautiously deal with public wrath, administrative procedure, lawsuit, and technical regulations. Since no previous domestic example could be referred to, the government officials should be concerned not only about collecting foreign examples but also taking national conditions into consideration to build up useful local management procedures. This dissertation is therefore a collection of all expertise and results, and hopefully it might serve as a reference for the Agencies in other cities and counties islandwide to properly deal with the relevant problems in the rest one hundred and fifty sites.
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wu, cheng-shang, and 吳正上. "study of air pollution prevention during the remediation process for illegal waste dumping sites." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94111758455340302587.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系
92
During the past thirty years, the economy of Taiwan has grown rapidly, and quantity of consumption and wastes was also doubled, which caused Taiwan to be a “Throw away society”. According to Taiwan E.P.A. (Environmental Protection Agency), there are 175 major illegal industrial waste dumping sites in Taiwan, of which 15 sites are needed cleanups immediately. During the cleanups of illegal waste dumping sites, the authority should not only focus on industrial wastes removal, but also on the air pollution prevention, of emissims of suspended solids, VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and odorous compounds. To prevent secondary pollutions, environmental impacts caused by the air pollutants should be assessed carefully, and preventing strategies should be studied. In this study, the authors conducted a pilot-scale excavation on an illegal waste dumping site, and assessed the environmental impacts caused by air pollutants and developed preventing strategies. The results showed that when cleanup rate was below 400m3/day, VOCs emitting from the illegal dumping site was below 1 ppmv, whereas the concentration of ammonia reached to 3-5 ppmv, which might adversely affect the neighborhood. However, according to the simulation result by using Screen3 developped by USA EPA, the acute health risk index of ammonia within 100m distances from the illegal dumping site is below 0.1, which is less than the acceptable value 1. The concentration of odor in the ambient air was 40-100 when excavating the illegal dumping site. Both of foam covering method and wet oxidation method could reduced about 50% of the concentration of odor in the ambient air, whereas activated carbon adsorption method conld show little effects on the reduction of odor emitting to the ambient air. Consequently, the preventing strategies included limiting cleanup rate to below 400m3/day, evacuating residents within 100m distances from the illegal dumping site, and monitoring ambient air quality. If high concentration of odor was found, wet oxidation should be applied.
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Hou, Yu-Lin, and 侯育麟. "The Assessment of the Performance of Auditing for Waste Illegal Dumping － A Case study of Chiayi County." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69679422945122198723.
Full textAbstract:
碩士雲林科技大學
環境與安全工程系碩士班
97
At present, because of auditors are not enough so that the environmental protection department is not able to control very well to put down waste illegal dumping, cause miss good chance to catch illegal people, illegal people choose night time or country side to throw waste, so that we have a great impact to the environment. Because of the situation，Chiayi County is outsourcing for audit waste illegal dumping to professional companies, The outsourcing of waste illegal dumping is the first in Taiwan. The main point of this research is to know the audit performance.The research through 94-97 years’data of funding、manpower、audit frequency and the ways to punish illegal people to analyze the performance of audit. The research result showed that, with the annual funding、manpower、audit frequency increase, it had much helpful to find out waste dumping place and the serious cases use serious punishment also get good result.Although Chiayi County has obvious performance for putting down waste illegal dumping, but waste dumping already made environmental pollution so that it is better to control the source of waste. We look forward to seeing all waste are able to be in legal way to clean up and also though government announcement and help one another, so that we can have a good habit to protect environment.
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HSIEH, CHIH-WEI, and 謝智偉. "Cleanup Case Study of Industrial Wast on Illegal Dumping Site: Site A." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ravp62.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
環境工程與管理研究所
107
Industrial development, the manufacture of a lot of waste, but the lack of proper disposal mechanism, and the arbitrary disposal of many illegal dumping sites, because the site cleaning and remediation planning through the waste investigation, intermediate processing and final disposal procedures, the process is cumbersome and time-consuming The cost is staggering, so this study expects to reduce the error in the estimation of waste quantity through stereo measurement, and understand the effectiveness of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopic analysis (XRF), in order to achieve rapid screening and save time and cost. The goal. In this study, the "A site" was used as the research scope, and the test pit excavation, drilling, testing, and measurement nesting were planned. The Surfer software was used to calculate the waste quantity by grid calculation. The waste was screened for XRF characteristics to understand the difference between the judgments of the commercial waste toxicity characteristic dissolution procedure (TCLP) analysis. In order to plan the removal of project funds, it can be more accurate and meet the current conditions of the site to achieve economic, audit management, tracking flow and avoid secondary pollution. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide relevant government units, design planning consultants and manufacturers to implement construction as a reference for future regulations, policies, processing techniques and management audits.
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Chang, Yi-Yih, and 張伊易. "Environmental Disclosures and Stock Price Behavior-An Event Study of Illegal Dumping of Toxic Industrial Waste of Formosa Plastics Inc." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52592369990878336433.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東吳大學
會計學系
90
News of the illegal dumping of toxic industrial waste（nearly 3000 tons of highly toxic mercury-tainted waste）near a Cambodian port of Sihanoukville by Taiwan’s biggest conglomerate, the Formosa Plastics Group (FPG), was first surfaced in Taiwan’s domestic press on December 16, 1998. Several tests of the waste were done by the independent parties produced a wide range of toxicity levels and determined that the waste materials were contaminated with high levels of mercury as well as a possible hazardous mixture of other metals. This study attempts to examine the relationship between the stock price behavior and the environmental disclosures on this environmental issue among plastics listed companies for which necessary data are available. This research adopts event study methodology and observes both short-window and long-window effects. The empirical results are: (1) For the short-window, both FPG and the plastic industry had negative stock price reaction upon the announcement of illegal dumping event; (2) For the long-window, the cumulative abnormal returns of plastics industry are positive but not significant statistically. (3) The consecutive environmental disclosures in the Annual Reports of plastics public companies had negative stock return on this environmental issue.
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Su, Maw-sheng, and 蘇茂生. "Study of the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of in-situ vitrification technology applied on remediation of illegal waste dumping sites." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27384768276208171174.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系
91
This paper discussed the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of ISV (in-situ vitrification) technology applied on remediation of illegal waste dumping sites. Waste/soil samples from several illegal waste dumping sites in southern Taiwan were used for testing and evaluation. The stability and weather durability of vitrified samples were evaluated through reviewing test results of physical-chemical characteristics and TCLP analysis, the structure of vitrified samples was analyzed by means of SEM、EDS and XRD. The results of TCLP showed that the heavy metal concentration in leachate from vitrified samples is far below regulatory limits, this is probably because heavy metal elements were encapsulated or bonded in matrix structure of vitrified samples. The density of vitrified samples ranged from 2.46 to 2.65 g/cm3, hardness of all samples is no less than 7, which means that waste/soil becomes denser, harder and less volume after vitrification. ISV technology was recommended by this paper because it can make waste/polluted-soil more stable, weather durable and, therefore, resourcing material.
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Yeh, Ying-Chin, and 葉穎瑾. "An examination of relation between environmental disclosure and earnings management-Illegal Dumping of Toxic Industrial Waste of Formosa Plastics Inc." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/273yv3.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
會計學系碩士班
93
Companies could have much political pressure because of the unexpected environment pollution. For this reason, we apply political-cost hypothesis to examine within the context of the earnings management response by polluted industries following the December, 1998 illegal dumping of toxic industrial waste of Formosa Plastics Inc. Furthermore, this study examines the relation between the level of environmental disclosure and the extent of earnings management in response to regulatory threat. We use OLS analysis to examine 7 polluted industries listed in Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation. The results from these tests support the political-cost hypothesis and are consistent with the view that managers adjust earnings in response to environmental pollution events. In addition, companies with higher levels of environmental disclosures in their financial reports exhibit lower levels of earnings management. In other word, it indicates that companies with more extensive environmental disclosures in their financial report would have less incentive to manage their earnings figures downwards for reducing the sensitiveness of political pressure. These results are consistent with the argument that corporate management believes environmental disclosure is an effective tool for reducing sensitivity to political pressure.
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POLÁK, Miroslav. "Nelegální sklady nebezpečných látek." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-51720.
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This thesis deals with the issue of illegal dumping of hazardous substances and waste in the Czech Republic. It is mainly focused on a possible emergency incident and the subsequent management of an emergency situation. The objective of the thesis is specification of these dumping sites, a concept of the methodical procedure for the components involved in emergency management, and also to identify possibilities of hazardous substances and waste disposal, or to find other alternatives. To evaluate possibilities of illegal dumping sites detection by state administration bodies. To meet these objectives it was necessary to study available resources, including legislation. And then to carry out a detailed analysis of illegal dumping sites of hazardous substances and waste detected in the past, with respect to the type and quantity of substances deposited. The analysis also comprised participation of the components involved in the case of an emergency and the procedure of emergency management after the case discovery by the authorities. The intention is to provide enough information for a safe emergency management in the event of further revelations of illegal dumping sites of hazardous substances and waste. The outcomes of this thesis may be used in training of the components involved and as a basis for model activities of the Integrated Rescue System components. The thesis was elaborated on the basis of a research and case studies with experts involved in comprehensive handling of the issue. The outcome of the thesis is a proposal of a methodological procedure for components intervening in an emergency incident, possibilities of illegal dumping sites detection and findings in the field of hazardous substances and waste disposal. Restriction of the impact of these emergency incidents consists in prevention of other illegal dumping sites occurrence. It is necessary to monitor dangerous substances and waste movement, to pursue inspection activities through authorized bodies and to update certain laws, such as the law on insolvency.
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Chisango, Eliot Tichaona. "Potential to grow informal waste recycling in semi-urban areas: case of the P.E.A.C.E. recycling buyback centre in Senwabarwana, Limpopo." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23722.
Full textAbstract:
This research aimed to investigate an area of research that has largely been overlooked in the past, that is, the efficiency, profitability and sustainability of informal waste recycling in semi-urban areas. In exploring the research topic, a recycling buyback centre was used as a case study. The centre facilitates collection, sorting and selling of waste and is located in Senwabarwana, Northern Limpopo Province. Here the P.E.A.C.E (Planning, Education, Agriculture, Cooperatives and Environment) Foundation, an organisation looking at rural poverty alleviation in South Africa, initiated a flagship recycling buyback centre as a community project. This research picks up on prior research that was conducted on a similar project initiated by the same organisation in Ndumo, KwaZulu Natal. Even though the location is different from KwaZulu Natal, both Senwabarwana and Ndumo are faced with similar challenges affecting social, economic and environmental circumstances. Five objectives were identified to provide structure to this research.
Through action research, the study assessed the sustainability of this recycling buyback centre with regard to the impact on social, economic and environmental factors within Senwabarwana. It also covered problems experienced in rolling out waste management initiatives within the semi-urban study location and assessed the municipal framework with regard to waste and how waste is managed and recycled. Furthermore, analyses of the waste data generated at the recycling centre was examined that culminated in offering solutions to the identified problems. Recommendations for acceptable practices in semi-urban waste management are made to enable further research and potentially up-scaling the project for application in other geographic areas.
The study reports both qualitative and quantitative data collected through the investigation of the case study in the start-up phase. The data gathering was done through administering questionnaires to waste pickers associated with the case study centre. Telephonic and face-to-face interviews and secondary data were interchangeably used to address each of the five objectives. The results from the data gathered show that, if properly coordinated and structured, informal waste recycling in semi-urban communities is possible and can contribute positively to the socio-economic and environmental development of these areas. It is envisaged that this study would contribute to the body of knowledge already in existence, whilst also creating an opportunity for further academic research and input within this field to enable the scaling-up of such initiatives.Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Science)
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Juang, Jia Jung, and 莊家榮. "STUDY ON MIXING AND DISPERSION OF OCEAN DUMPING LIQUID WASTE." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93117223119620261217.
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Chun, Lan Chia, and 藍家駿. "Numerical Modelling of Liquid Waste Diffusion During The Ocean Dumping Processes." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70601197410404979409.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
土木工程研究所
82
River contamination has become a serious problem in Taiwan area, since the waste material is dumped into rivers without any previous treatment during the past time. Ocean dumping of the low hazardous waste liquids is a feasible solution for this problem, because the liquid pollutant could be diluted by the vast amount of ocean water which surrounds Taiwan. This study applies theory of diffusion and its numerical method to analyze the diffusion characteristics in ocean dumping of liquid waste. Diffusion of liquid waste in method of instantaneous fixed - point dumping and barge - wake discharging are discussed respectively, diffusion process in instantaneous fixed-point dumping could be categorized into three phase:(1) convective descent phase, (2) dynamic collapse phase, (3) long-term diffusion phase. Barge-wake discharging is also categorized into three phases : (1) near-wake dilution phase, (2) far-wake dilution phase, (3) long-term diffusion phase. This study focus on the assessment of covered area, submerged depth of liquid waste and dilution value of its concentration in various phases of diffusion, and the discussion of the various impact on diffusion process of liquid waste due to different method of dumping operation. Instantaneous fixed-point dumping is examined by both of theory and numerical model in this study, we find that density stratification of ambient water and water depth are important influential factors in this operation. Speed of the barge is the most important influential factor in the barge-wake discharging. Results of wake-dilution modelling and the field observation data are in good agreement, while the IMCO formula underestimates the dilution rate.
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CHEN, YIAN, and 陳怡安. "Illegal Rent-seeking Investigation and Social Rent-seeking Waste." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76650694611858593205.
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Ching-HaiWang and 王清海. "Illegal Hyping-and-Dumping Activities Of “Buy High Sell Low”: A Study In Taiwan Security Market." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62939598078351690296.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
財務金融研究所
100
According to Subparagraph 4, Paragraph 1, Article 155 of Securities and Exchange Act, “to continuously buy at high prices or sell at low prices designated securities for his/her own account or under the names of other parties with the intent to inflate or deflate the trading prices on said securities traded on the centralized securities exchange market” is prohibited. The person who violates the preceding provision shall be punished following Article 171 of the same act. However, what are the definitions of high price” and “low price? For this issue, in the past court judgments and scholars have focused mostly on only qualitative research but not quantitative research. Furthermore, although the jurisprudence of the courts in Taiwan always adopt the opinion of the Supreme Court, the Supreme Court's interpretation of the “high prices” and “low prices” is not clear enough. In this study, I analyze the process of stock trading in the relevant suit cases in Taiwan to quantify high prices” and “low prices identified in the jurisprudence of the courts and further examine the rationality of the Supreme Court’s opinions and the necessity of the existence of “high prices” and “low prices“ in the aforementioned regulations. The empirical findings show that the ranges of high prices” and “low prices of all the jurisprudence of the courts are too large and that the Supreme Court’s opinions are not quite reasonable. Therefore, based on my findings, I propose that the words “high prices” and “low prices“ in Subparagraph 4, Paragraph 1, Article 155 of Securities and Exchange Act should be deleted to meet the legislative purpose of the aforementioned regulation
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Tso-JungChang and 張佐榕. "A Study of Securities Market Regulation for Illegal Hyping-and-Dumping Activities: With an Emphasis on the Co-relation of Hyping-and-Dumping and Price Pegging." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47798735640780387602.
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阮忠堅. "Prevention of Illegal Hazardous waste Discharge in Dong Nai province." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12781596229412668047.
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碩士美和科技大學
健康與生技產業研究所
100
Dong Nai is a province with many industrial zones; activities against violations of the laws on waste management in Dong Nai province also have some certain limitations, inconsistent with the complicated development and the importance of preventing this type of law violation. However, the rapid and powerful rate of industrialization, modernization and urbanization is the cause of environmental pollution. The violation of environmental laws in the province of Dong Nai has more complicated and serious development. In particular, the violation of laws on hazardous waste management is a pressing, emerging problem requiring special attention. The situation mentioned above has caused serious consequences to the health and lives of the people. So far, in Dong Nai, there has been no deep and comprehensive work or project on hazardous wastes and activities on preventing violation of laws on hazardous waste management. Therefore, the selection of the research project “Prevention of illegal hazardous waste discharge in Dong Nai province " is very essential.
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Selani, Lungile. "Mapping illegal dumping using a high resolution remote sensing image case study: Sowet township in South Africa." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25013.
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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (Geographical Information Systems and Remote Sensing) at the School of Geography, Archaeology & Environmental Studies. Johannesburg, 2017.Although a vast number of illegal dumping investigations have been conducted in the City of Johannesburg by City of Johannesburg Municipality, Government, Corporates as well as NGOs previously, there has been a limited attempt to integrate available datasets from the different methods of illegal dumping monitoring (satellite, spatial data collection and ground-based observations) and GIS modelling. Most South African municipal administrations have had to acknowledge their incapability to cope with the difficulty of illegal dumping monitoring. Illegal dumping challenges often emanate from the incapacity of municipality administrations to meet the required assemblage and removal of wastes. Vacant or unoccupied land is the target of illegal dumping in most areas. This study compares modelled, satellite and collected data using GIS methods to determine the most accurate estimate of detecting illegal dumping. A comparison between Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in mapping illegal dumping and to quantity the significance of Worldview-2 band in detecting and mapping illegal dumping was pursued. Two results were generated: multispectral imagery sorting production using machine-learning RF and SVM algorithms in a comparable land and definition of the significance of unrelated WorldView bands on sorting production. Precision of the derivative thematic maps was evaluated by calculating mix-up milieus of the classifiers’ land use/ land cover maps with separate autonomous justification data sets. A complete classification accurateness of 84.07 % with a kappa value of 0.8116, and 85.16% with a kappa value of 0.8238 was attained using RF and SVM, respectively. An assessment of diverse WorldView-2 bands using the two classifiers indicated that the blend of the red-edge band had a vital consequence on the overall classification accurateness in mapping of illegal dumping. Keywords: Illegal dumping, remote sensing, monitoring, vegetation, spatial datasets, image processing, image classification.
LG2018
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Wu, Wen-Yen, and 吳文延. "A Sampling Study of Simulating Waste Dumping Sites on Random Phase Volume Model." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40388446123559075303.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系
91
When doing the estimation of contamination influence on the environment and trying to find clearance solutions, the sampling examination of contaminated site is the premier job. Because pollutant spread model is normally uneven in most of sites, it’s not possible to describe the distribution of pollutant in a certain site by giving partial sampling data. Therefore an overall and highly concentrated sampling to the examining site will be needed. But due to the limitation of manpower and budget, such kind of operation is generally not an option. Nevertheless, the chemical analysis of field specimen in a laboratory also provides the examination value that is inconsistent with the actual one, in most of the time. In this document, I would like to introduce the application of Random Phase Volume Model in a simulation of environmental protection research. In this simulation, I will use some contaminated discard piles to represent the scale of pollution, by analyzing the consistency of pollutant in these virtual discard piles. I am going to probe into the reciprocal effect of the size of the simulation site and the number of field specimen, given by random sampling of sites in different measures of site. And, through the comparison between the specimens of grid sampling, random sampling and cluster random sampling, we can set up the analysis of different hot spots and variations in simulation sites, which can provide us more representative values in the sampling phases.
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Chung-Sheng, Chou, and 周崇聖. "Study on Checking Unknown Illegal Waste Disposal Sites Using Satellite Telemetering." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/e4k8az.
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碩士國立中央大學
環境工程研究所
94
Abstract The characteristic of population distribution in Taiwan is that residents are highly concentrated on long and narrow plain. The behaviors of illegal cutting down tree, cultivating land and waste disposal have been last for a long time, which lead to the environmental pollution and ecological harmfulness. The inspectors from environmental protection bureau now only check the case of the illegal waste disposal, using manpower patrol. Because of the lack of inspectors in basic level and the limitation of objective conditions, a number of business persons can illegally collaborate with waste transportation company to arbitrarily discard business wastes. This leads to a great of impact to environment. Thus, the improvement of checking the illegal waste disposal is necessary and urgent. The main objective of this study is to find the sites of the illegal waste disposal in Taoyuan County, using data prospection to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of the wastes. Also, the higher potential sites of the waste discarded are regulated based on the above-mentioned principle. In addition, according to the period of the known waste disposal sites was found, the corresponding data obtained from satellite telemetering were used to examine the changes in spectrum so as to check the possible difference between waste disposal sites and no waste disposal ones. The approach is effective to solve the problem of lacking manpower, and the initiative can continuously supervise the behavior of the illegal waste disposal to avoid the case of arbitrarily discarding business wastes. The obtained results indicated the probability of the illegal waste disposal sites is about 50%~100% among the high potential sites. The area of these sites is approximate 11,285 hectares that covers 9.4% in the whole area of Taoyuan County. This approach will significantly reduce the supervised area of the illegal waste disposal in the further. Another important finding is that the changes in spectrum of near infrared ray for the sites of the partial illegal waste disposal are similar to the changes in period of the applied model. However, the identical result has not been found from the other wave range. Thus, the changes in spectrum of near infrared ray can be regarded as representation of the illegal waste disposal sites. It is necessary for government to compare the model with the satellite image and to check whether or not the identical changes in spectrum for the high potential sites. Then, the possible sites were further checked with precise aviation photos and manpower examination. This can effectively control the sites of the illegal waste disposal.
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Pai, Yao-Chin, and 白耀欽. "A Study on the Clean Up Engineering of Municipal Solid Waste on Dumping Site." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ag9c67.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
環境工程與管理研究所
97
In the research is focused on early 1970’s Taiwan waste of households、garbage, because improper policy of past government to cause by the ground or underground of dump site. Until today, face to the land development required or reduce pollution. Necessary for waste clean up process then required for the implementation of the preliminary investigation of the waste, cleaning up technical, audit management and pollution control, as the study content. Review of the literature and from domestic large-scale project to remove the case of conclusion: preliminary investigation of the waste have to combine data of Geophysical Prospecting Technique、excavate、drilling investigate ,to analyzed and adjust in order to follow removing engineering ;comparatively economic and accurate; separation process should be in line with the physical composition of waste characteristics and classification requirements of the standard to determine the type of equipment and procedure ;Sorting technology to use dry process is better, sorting waste into burning material, and rock-type and recycling materials of three types, Depend on physical composition of waste characteristics and classification requirements to determine the type of equipment and processes, Use the GPS、RFID and transport list multistage audit. Can help the waste management will become more efficient and more qualified will be used to lower the management cost. Pollution control should pay particular attention to traffic, noise, dust, smell and sewage pollution, and to avoid separation, clean up process bring about secondary pollution, ensure that construction personnel and nearby residents of safety and health. Hope that the results of this study can provide the relevant government, design and planning consultants and the implementation of the manufacturers of construction, regulations and policies for the future to deal with technical and management audit of the reference.
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Lin, Wen-Min, and 林文閔. "Remediation studies of waste smelting metal scraps dumping site and diesel leakage contaminated site." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68377429787268360631.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立聯合大學
環境與安全衛生工程學系碩士班
103
A representative heavy metal contaminated soil sampled from a scrap metal smelting slag and aluminum dross dumping site, T site, was first studied for remediation. In the first and second stages, acid solution was applied and the results show that Cu cannot pass both of soil controlling standard and TCLP leaching standard. Therefore, stabilization solutions were applied in the third and fourth stages. The results exhibit that base solution can stabilize that particle size less than 3.4 mm contaminated soil; furthermore, the composite stabilization solution can stabilize that particle size less than 9.5 mm contaminated soil. Because all of the stabilized soils can pass TCLP leaching standard, thus excavation and transportation to an ordinary industrial waste landfill site was the best choice. Two diesel contaminated soils sampled from two gas station sites, M and H sites, were also studied for remediation. In the soil of M site, a rectangular tank filled with contaminated soil as the site profile was treated with a 100 °C central thermal probe. The results show that the soil temperature can reach to a steady-state after one day thermal treatment. The temperature of upper layer soil was the highest because of thermal transmission and steams coming up from the middle and lower layers. Another experiment, 100, 80, 60 °C thermal remediation tests using cylinder tanks filled with contaminated soil as soil profile, was carried out for four weeks. The results reveal that all of the three temperatures could reduce contaminated soil’s TPHt to less than 1,000 mg/kg and 100 °C presented the best performance. Accordingly, thermal remediation for diesel contaminated soil was verified and it can be applied in the future. In the denser soil of H site, microwave radiation was applied to quickly increase soil temperature and reach the remediation goal. Additionally, surfactant (Tween 80), ultrasound, and ozone were also applied for the tests of remediation. The results indicate that both of “ozone” and “ozone + microwave” can reach the remediation goal and be adopted as innovative remediation methods in the future.
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Chireshe, Amato. "Evaluation of municipal solid waste illegal disposal in Masvingo City, Zimbabwe: towards a sustainable solid waste management model." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27369.
Full textAbstract:
Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is a global problem as most local authorities fail to dispose MSW safely. In view of this, the study was aimed at evaluating environmental and health risks associated with municipal solid waste (MSW) illegal disposal as well as constraints faced by Masvingo City in MSWM, with a view to developing an alternative sustainable management model. The study, informed by the philosophy of pragmatism, employed a mixed methods design in which quantitative and qualitative data werecollected concurrently. Questionnaires comprising both close and open-ended questions, semi-structured interviews and site visits were used to collect data. The study population comprised participants from Masvingo City’s residential areas, Masvingo City Council employees, Environmental Management Agency (EMA) officials and informal waste pickers. A sample of 406 participants, comprising 354 residents from high-density, 16 residents from medium-density, 24 residents from low-density suburbs, six council employees, two EMA officials and four informal waste collectors participated in the survey. Concurrent triangulation was employed to analyse data. Basic numerical analysis was used for quantitative data while thematic data analysis was employed for qualitative data. Three main findings which emerged from the study were (a) Land pollution, air pollution, surface water pollution and loss of urban beauty, were the main environmental risks as at least 59 % of the respondents noted the four as environmental risks associated with illegal municipal solid waste disposal (b) Cholera, skin problems and malaria were the main health risks; and, (c) The main constraints related to MSW management were inadequate environmental education, lack of cooperation and participation from waste generatorsand lack of resources by Masvingo City . From the findings, 66 %, 52 % and 49 % of participants noted inadequate environmental education, lack of cooperation and participation, and lack of resources respectively as constraints faced by Masvingo City in MSWM. Basing on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that MSW disposal in Masvingo was a threat to the environment and human health and, as a result, a sustainable MSWM model was developed for Masvingo City.Environmental Sciences
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Chou, Chih-Yen, and 周志彥. "Cleanup Case Study of Industrial Waste on IIIegal Dumping Sites－in Erren River as an Example." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44701136287648144493.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
營建管理學系碩士班
102
Wastes generated by industries caused many cases of illegal dumping due to the lack of appropiate treatment mechanisms. Because the process of waste characterizations, intermediate treatments, final site cleanup is time consuming and expensive, this study focuses on the mechanisms to reduce the time and cost, including 3-D ploting to reduce the estimation errors of waste quantity and the availability of the fast screening XRF technique. The effectiveness of the time and cost efficiency is determined by the removal rate of the contamination source. The study site is located in Kaohsiung City and its area is 16,633 m2 with the depth of 7 m below ground surface. A commercial software, Surfer, was used to plot for test drilling, drilling, chemical analyses, and measures and determine the wastes quantity using grid methods. The wastes were tested with XRF to distinguish the difference from the characteristics of the TCLP. In the results of the waste quantity investigation, 46,966 m3 by the grid method while 45,159 m3 was the real quantity. The discrepancy was 3.8 %. The XRF screening result showed the discrepancy of 3.3 %~13.8 % compared with the TCLP result. The accuracy was over 80 %. The remediation cost was about NT$ 429 million, but the cost with the XRF screening was about NT$ 304 million. The cleanup cost was about 29.2 % in reduction. For the duration of the cleanup, the TCLP method estimated 577 calendar days, while the XRF estimated 489 days, which was 88 days shorter. The overall remediation efficiency was over 95 %. This study concluded that the 3-D plotting of waste investigation resulted in smaller error, which could effectively estimate the waste quantity. The XRF can accurately distinguish the hazardous wastes from the general ones, effective shorten the project duration, and reduce cleanup costs. The XRF method is recommended for the sites with waste cleanup and remediation.
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Yu, Ching-Han, and 余青翰. "The Research of Law Enforcement Status on Illegal Traffic of Hazardous Waste in Taiwan." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ec55jp.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
自然資源與環境學系
100
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (Basel Convention or BC) was proposed on 1989 and effected on 1992. This Convention provided a comprehensive system for supervising the movements and disposal of Hazardous Wastes. On 2002, the “Guidance Elements for Detection, Prevention and Control of Illegal Traffic in Hazardous Wastes” was published, and all the parties shall building national capacity including establishment of national office and responsible authority. The guidance requested all competent authorities should develop compliance and enforcement strategies covering four main components of compliance. These are “permitting”, “detecting offences”, “investigations and enforcement action”, “education and information dissemination.” On 2006, “Training Manual on Illegal Traffic for Customs and Enforcement Agencies” was published. On 2011, “Instruction Manual on the Prosecution of Illegal Traffic of Hazardous Wastes or Other Wastes” was revised. These international documents provide relevant law enforcers, investigator inside each country and parties, recommendation on how to comply with national laws, tools, and situation, to do tasks of detecting, sampling, investigating, obtaining evidence, preparing materials for prosecution, and how to sentence for illegal traffic and tasks of developing professional training. The purpose of this study was to find out the difficulties of implementation of the Basel Convention in Taiwan and to search ways for improvement. This research adopted documentary content analysis and interview methods. In addition to the literatures of such international documents as Basel Convention, Training Manual on Illegal Traffic for Customs and Enforcement Agencies, journals and reports, news paper, websites from both international and local were collected, categorized and analyzed. The researcher also conducted interviews with many staffs working at national authorities and frontline officers by snowball sampling techniques. The public sector authorities interviewed are staff of the Environmental Protection Administration, Bureau of Environmental Inspection, Customs, Special Police Third Headquarter, National Police Agency. Professionals from Academic Law professor and Environmental Engineer Consulting were also interviewed. The interview processes were case by case and included face interviews, telephones, and Email. Research results show that Taiwan has fulfilled the component of permitting requirements of compliance and enforcement strategies listed by the Convention. Taiwan had developed a permit system on traffic and transport of hazardous wastes which is checkable, fare and deliverable. However, on the component of investigation and enforcement action, Taiwan has not yet established a standard operation procedure for professional investigation, sampling and analysis. Disputes on some collaborative actions were occasionally heard while many existing agencies involved. On the component of Detecting Offences, the Custom Service has set up digital database for checking document, and is capable for checking goods at customs clearance point. In addition, the Special Police Third Headquarter also has secret spy network and mechanism to gather, build in and exchange information to the Customs Service. However, the training received by the frontline law enforcers is too little and definitely not enough to deal with high risk of uncertain hazardous wastes. It is clear that the efforts on the component of Education and Information Dissemination are still limited. More efforts on prevention of crimes shall be enhanced in the future. The recommendation consists of four perspectives. Each perspective has objectives ranked that are expected be achieved in the short term, middle range and long term period. Advocacy and educational training perspective, the researcher recommends that a joint training curriculum and institution must be established. In the perspective of professional manpower and finance, more funding shall be allocated, so that professional staff be recruited by the Environmental Protection Administration to work with the Custom Service for detecting illegal activities. In the perspective of Legal Amendments, the researcher suggests that the Wastes Cleaning Act shall add in penal regulation on illegal traffic of not approved hazardous wastes and enlist punishment regulation for those intend but not succeed offences. In the perspective of Partnership, bringing in the Coast Guard Administration to enforce law and building trust and collaborative mechanism among existing legitimacy authorities are extremely urgent.
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Hu, Lun-Hao, and 胡倫豪. "Study on the Leachate Quality by Using Byproduct Lime for Replacement of Landfill Cover Soil in Waste Dumping Sites." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/geu55a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士朝陽科技大學
環境工程與管理系碩士班
94
Waste dumping site is a main way for final disposal of garbage; up to 2005, there are 174 waste dumping sites still operating in Taiwan. Although the amounts of dumping sites are decreasing year by year, they will pollute our environment if not treated or disposed of properly. At present some problems that are exist in the design and management of waste dumping sites in Taiwan, includes: (1) To get suitable and enough cover soil is not easy that result in depth of cover layer is not enough, and it will bring mosquitoes, bugs and stinks. (2) It costs large sums of money by management of leachate. (3) Some geomembrane might be destroyed in landfill, and the leachate filtered through the groundwater layer. In the study we assessed the leachate quality by using byproduct lime for replacement of landfill cover soil in waste dumping sites. According to the result of the experiment, the leachate pH value is low with organic acid in the initial stage. After we added byproduct lime, the leachate pH value was up with time. At the same time that was advantage of the decomposition reaction for microorganism, and BOD, COD and TOC decrease quickly. In addition, we restrained heavy metal from mobility, and it precipitated by carbonate, sulfate and hydrate. With the result that EC value decreased by removing ions from the leachate. Therefore, using CFB byproduct lime for replacement of landfill cover soil, it will good for improvement of the leachate quality.
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Hu, Kaixian. "A Multi-Stage Graph Model Analysis for the International Toxic Waste Disposal Conflict." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3763.
Full textAbstract:
A generic conflict model is developed to analyze international toxic waste disposal issues, and then, to provide feasible strategic resolutions for this serious environmental dispute. With the rapid growth of the global economy, toxic waste traffic from the advanced to developing nations has become a serious side effect of this globalization. The illegal transboundary movement of toxic wastes not only aggravates the burden on the poorer nations, but also negatively impacts the worldwide environment.
In this thesis, the ongoing toxic waste disputes are divided into two stages consisting of the dumping prevention and dispute resolution stages. The analyses based on the methodology of Graph Model for Conflict Resolution are used in both stages in order to grasp the structure and implications of the conflict from a strategic viewpoint. The in-depth modeling of the toxic waste dumping disputes, which consist of historical and generic situations, specifies the involved parties and their options. By synthesizing the economic, political and legal factors, the relative preferences for each party can be determined. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) of the Decision Support System (DSS) GMCR II simplifies the processing of calculations. The analytical research furnishes investigators or other interested parties with possible resolutions for the disputes arising from an international waste dumping event. Sensitivity analyses are also conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the different situations that may occur in real-world cases. The case study of the Ivory Coast waste dumping controversy is used to demonstrate how to practically implement the generic multi-stage graph model.
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Fan, Chun-Ping, and 范群彬. "Studies on The Sampling, Analysis and Control Steps for Two Wastes Dumping Sites According to Waste Disposal Act and Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45754617057273992175.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
土壤環境科學系
91
According to the investigation by Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) of our government authority, there are 180 waste disposal sites in Taiwan area. The pollutants in the sites have directly impact on the environments; they may further pollute the related soil and groundwater. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the significance of sampling and assay and of control policy based on Waste Cleanup Act and the Remediation Act of Soil and Groundwater Pollution. The selected experimental sites were the two hazardous waste disposal sites namely Chinyu Metal Molten Factory in Taichung City and Red Shrimp Mountain in Taliao Township, Kaohsiung County. Firstly, the relative database and pollutant characteristics of the two sites were collected and then the waste, soil, sieved soil, and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed according to the methods regulated by Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan. Based on the corresponding control standards and monitoring bases of Waste Cleanup Act and the Remediation Act of Soil and Groundwater Pollution, the obtained data of analyses were used to judge the pollutant characteristics, pollution extent and rating, and the consistency between the two named Acts in judging the pollution rating. Furthermore, the implicit significance of the consistency or inconsistency in judging the pollution rating between the two Acts was evaluated. The results showed that although the hazardous waste has been cleaned up by the owner of Chinyu Metal Molten Factory, the determined maximum of total Pb concentration of the collected waste was 45.6 mg L-1, which still exceeds the regulated limit of hazardous industrial waste. However, the determined maximums of Pb concentrations of the collected soil and sieved soil were 33859 and 13038 mg kg-1, respectively, which exceed the control standard of soil heavy metal pollution. This clearly indicates the existence of substantially soil pollution although after the cleanup of industrial hazardous waste in the disposal site. The hazardous waste of the disposal site in Red Shrimp Mountain in Taliao Township has not been cleaned up for the present time. Based on Waste Cleanup Act, the determined pollutants of phenol, benzene, and toluene of the collected waste exceed the regulated standards of hazardous industrial waste. Based on the Remediation Act of Soil and Groundwater Pollution, the determined pollutants of toluene, Zn and Cu of the collected soil and sieved soil exceed the control standards of soil pollution. Generally, the analyses of the pollutants and the hazardous assessment of waste disposal sites, regardless of whether finishing cleanup or not, the results of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) of the pollutants are always used to judge the hazardous rating. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure is to simulate the dissolution of hazardous components of the pollutants in disposal sites by acid rain. The obtained data are thus not the total amounts of hazardous material in the waste. The methods of pollutant analyses reflect various significances of obtained data. Therefore, the environmental protection authority and the associated organizations carry out the investigation of pollution site and hazardous assessment. The considerations of both the regulated limit of hazardous industrial waste and the control standards and monitoring bases of the Remediation Act of Soil and Groundwater Pollution to judge whether it is hazardous site or not are strongly recommended to prevent from controversy and miss-judging.
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Hsieh, Cheng-En, and 謝承恩. "The Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Governance of Illegal E-Waste Transboundary Movement: In Light of Participants to the Basel Convention." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ymt9c5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
國際政治研究所
107
This paper focuses on the effectiveness of the illegal electronic waste transboundary. The article first points out a paradox in the Basel Convention, that is while having a very good condition of the rate of ratification by its participants with a large number of sovereign states, the Basel Convention that deal with the issue of transboundary movement of E-wastes is in itself insufficient and ineffective. In other words, the illegal E-waste transboundary movement was still existed and no obvious improvement had been made. Why is an international multilateral institution with a large number of countries participating in it being rarely implemented seriously by its participating countries, and the expected governance effects of such institution can’t be well implemented by most sovereign states? Through the crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (csQCA), this essay demonstrates that participating countries may not strictly enforce their domestic regulations relative to their obligation under the Basel Convention even their congresses ratified the Convention. In this sense, the illegal E-Waste transboundary movement (outflow or inflow) can’t be effectively managed. In light of this situation, this essay argues that, for a better governance of E-waste, the way to show the effectiveness of the Basel Convention is mainly based on the rules enforced strictly by countries importing E-Waste. However, it is worth noting that the consideration of a stricter domestic enforcement by those importing countries having economic profits may not be purely to protect the domestic environment; instead, the truth behind the sense might be related to the increase of the number of illegal immigrants. The cases of China and Malaysia show this aspect that people usually ignore.
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HRON, Pavel. "Nelegální sklady chemikálií a nebezpečných odpadů jako zdroje možných havárií." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174385.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a comprehensive view on the issue of illegal storage of hazardous substances and waste in the Czech Republic. The work is highly relevant, by the fact that illegal warehouses, or buildings where there is unlawful storage, the Czech Republic can find countless and their discovery is only a matter of time. In the theoretical part of the thesis deals with the legal definition of waste management, the topic of chemical substances and mixtures and their development at international and national level, so as to issues concerning these areas seen over the years. We describe the specific laws that serve as the theoretical basis for understanding the definition of waste and themes chemicals or mixtures. Another part is a statistical look at the amount of waste produced in the Czech Republic, the Czech Republic 's production with other countries of the European Union and the historical perspective. Results section is largely concerned with the detailed analysis of cases that the issues of illegal storage in the Czech Republic opened, that is, cases of illegal storage communities Libcany, Chvaletice and Nalžovice. Interestingly a certain comparison was analyzed other events associated with such dealings, and in 2010 in the village of Bela nad Svitavou . This case was very specific and publicized in the media, with regard to the fact that the property owner had a mental disorder. There is also outlined what motives leading operators of these stores for their operation. Great time and especially financial cost of illegal disposal of stores is devoted to the next chapter. In connection with this chapter builds on the measures taken immediately for further such objects as identifying and initiating a control action called " brownfields". Part of the work dealing with the simulation of a potential hazard in the event that occurred some of these accident scenarios is very alarming. Terex program to simulate leakage of hydrogen cyanide in a specific amount, which was formed by the reaction of potassium cyanide and inorganic acids. Given that the placement of substances in the warehouse disregarded, and the material rather than with expertise stored with the need to save the maximum space, this reaction actually could occur. Simulated the escape of a former factory in the village Vertex Libcany. Indeed, the alarming fact is that at a distance of one hundred meters from the house was situated kindergarten and elementary school, where the daily ranges to three hundred people. In conclusion the author's position is defined and assessment solutions to the operators concerned in the event of liquidation of illegal warehouse Libčany a definition of the fundamental weaknesses associated with the solution in these cases. Further proposals are discussed, especially legislative, methodological and organizational aspects that must be incorporated into the legislation of our country, so that in the future establishment of such a warehouse avoided. The final section describes the recommended procedures for what to do in the event of a chemical accident.