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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Illicit trade'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Klooster, Wim. "Illicit riches : Dutch trade in the Caribbean, 1648-1795 /." Leiden : KITLV press, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391681754.

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2

Ebrahim, Zeenat. "The recent spike in illicit tobacco trade in South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31558.

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Since 2015, the South African National Treasury has experienced declines in tax-paid cigarette revenues. The declines have been attributed to upward spikes in the illicit tobacco trade. This dissertation explores the upward spike in the illicit tobacco trade, in order to assess whether or not a relationship exists between tobacco companies’ actions and the spike in illicit activity. The study analyses information gathered from semi-structured key informant interviews in order to derive expert insights into the spike. The results indicate that the tobacco industry as a whole is using a variety

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Klooster, Wim. "Illicit riches : the Dutch trade in the Caribbean, 1648-1795 /." [Leiden] : [W. W. Klooster], 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39105771f.

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4

Cukier, W., and A. Bandeira. "Combating the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons: Strengthening Domestic Regulations." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4242.

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yes<br>Small arms and light weapons have become the weapons of choice in conflicts around the world and figure prominently in crime. Recently, considerable attention has been focused on the proliferation of SALW at the national, regional and international level. The recognition that m o s t illicit SALW began as legal weapons is, however, fundamental to efforts to reduce the proliferation and misuse of SALW and the diversion of civilian weapons is one source of supply. Indeed, it is estimated that there are as many SALW in the hands of civilians worldwide as there are in the possession o

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5

Fay, Emily Victoria. "Trading in antiquities on eBay : the changing face of the illicit trade in antiquities." Thesis, Keele University, 2013. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/197/.

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The sale of ancient objects on eBay is presented to buyers as legitimate and ethical. However the antiquities trade is a grey market, where both licit and illicit objects are sold (Bowman, 2008). An unknown percentage of illicit antiquities have entered the market as a consequence of archaeological looting. However, antiquities are fungible by nature, meaning that it is very difficult for buyers to differentiate the licit from the illicit. This thesis is based on the premise that the antiquities trade causes harm through the destruction of archaeological knowledge, and therefore there is a nec

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6

Clegg, E., S. Faltas, G. McDonald, and C. Waszink. "Reducing the Stock of the Illicit Trade: Promoting Best Practice in Weapons Collection Programmes." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4271.

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yes<br>It is now widely recognised that, to be successful, efforts towards preventing and combating the illicit trade in SALW will require a multifaceted approach which simultaneously tackles the demand for and the supply of these weapons. In this regard, developing and promoting international norms, standards and mechanisms for the effective removal of illicit weapons from circulation is a major challenge for the UN Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects. There are two distinct scenarios within which weapons collection initiatives operate: the

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Saferworld. "Combating the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons: Enhancing Controls on Legal Transfers." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4240.

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yes<br>A prerequisite for effective international action to prevent and combat the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons (SALW) is that states develop a common understanding of what constitutes the ¿legal¿ trade and therefore what is ¿illicit¿. At the same time, failure to exert e ffective control over the legal trade in SALW opens up possibilities for diversion to illicit markets and end-users and blurs the lines between the legal and illicit trade. All governments are potential suppliers of SALW, since even those with no manufacturing capacity will have the potential to export

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8

Aune, Bjorn Robertstad. "The maritime trade in illicit drugs : the experience of the coastal member states of O.E.C.D." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1990. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2084/.

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The trafficking of illicit drugs by sea has become an industry comprised of many individual enterprises of variform size and organization. Seizure statistics for the 1980s indicate that 70% of the total quantity of drugs intercepted in the trafficking stage were interdicted in the maritime sector or attributed to having been transported by sea. More significantly, it appears that only between 8 - 12% of the total volume of drugs trafficked are intercepted. The use of the seaborne modes of transport is the result of planetary geography which made the maritime medium one of only two ways by whic

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9

Goodall, Jamie LeAnne. "Navigating the Atlantic World: Piracy, Illicit Trade, and the Construction of Commercial Networks, 1650-1791." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1452157113.

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10

Tukic, Nusa. "The illicit arms trade in states in transition : a comparative study of South Africa and Croatia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17921.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research study aims to analyze the illicit arms trade in states in transition. While both the study of the illicit arms trade and the study of states in transition per se, are characterized by a variety of concepts and debates within academia, this study attempts to establish a coherent and concise connection between the two. Therefore, the main research question is: How do the capacity gaps of social control, social welfare, border control and legitimacy contribute to the proliferation of the illicit arms trade in states in

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11

Zeidler, Andreas. "The state as a facilitator in the illicit global political economy : Guinea-Bissau and the global cocaine trade." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6856.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research study aims to approach illicit market activity, particularly transnational organ-ised crime, from a political-economy point of view. The study of illicit market activity is characterised by various and often ambiguous concepts and approaches. The benefits of a political-economy approach include the provision of an alternative view of the illicit, combin-ing aspects from these various approaches. The study of the Global Political Economy (GPE) examines the relationship between authority, mostly in the form of stat

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12

Tulio, Dos Santos Diogo <1990&gt. "Transnational organized crime, illicit drug trade, and international law : can national authorities in Latin America comply with international provisions?" Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17269.

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La criminalità organizzata transnazionale nel suo complesso ha progressivamente aumentato e perpetrato le sue attività in tutto il mondo. Questo è stato il caso del business delle droghe, i cui effetti sono stati osservati da vicino dalla popolazione o seguiti da altri attraverso i social media, le notizie e persino le serie TV. Per quanto popolare potesse essere diventato il commercio di droga, la malavita che lo comprende forse non è così conosciuta come molti pensano. È ragionevole affermare che le informazioni sul commercio di sostanze illecite a cui hanno accesso cittadini, organizzazioni

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13

Greene, Owen J., E. Clegg, S. Meek, and G. O'Callaghan. "The UN 2001 Conference: Setting the Agenda: Framework Briefing." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC); International Alert; Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4235.

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yes<br>The United Nations will convene the `UN Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects¿ in June/July 2001. The `2001 Conference¿ is now the primary focus for international efforts to strengthen and develop co-ordinated and comprehensive global action to prevent and reduce the proliferation and misuse of small arms and light weapons. A powerful international coalition of States, international organisations and civil society groups is uniting to promote effective global action. Expectations for the 2001 Conference are high and public awareness of

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Baro, Gné. "La corruption et le droit du commerce international." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCF002.

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La corruption est une pratique qui freine le développement et peut toucher diverses activités, notamment les activités économiques internationales. Elle porte atteinte au bon fonctionnement du commerce international, nécessitant de lutter contre elle.Cette étude vise à mettre en évidence l’existence d’un cadre juridique anticorruption posé par le droit du commerce international qui est à l’épreuve de la lutte contre cette pratique. Ce cadre juridique anticorruption se matérialise par l’existence d’outils pouvant être rangés en deux catégories : les outils appartenant au corpus des règles du co

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15

Hoffman, Haley Marie. "“The Dutch Found Us And Relieved Us…” Identifying Seventeenth Century Illicit Dutch Trade Relations On Virginia’s Eastern Shore And In The Chesapeake." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1616444481.

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This study explores how illicit transatlantic trade relations with the Dutch in seventeenth-century Virginia can be identified through the material record. The research was motivated by recent excavations at a seventeenth-century plantation on Virginia’s Eastern Shore. Eyreville, as it is now known, was a hub of transatlantic trade during the formative years of the Virginia colony. The recognizable presence of Dutch trade goods, coupled with the site’s pro-Dutch merchant residents, prompted the investigation into material signatures of illicit trade on the Eastern Shore and the Chesapeake. The

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Clegg, E., and Michael J. A. Crowley. "Controlling Arms Brokering and Transport Agents: Time for International Action." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4266.

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yes<br>Evidence suggests that many of the arms transfers to the worst affected conflict regions and human rights crisis zones are organised and trafficked by arms brokering and transport agents. Targeting those states with weak national export controls and enforcement, unscrupulous brokers and transportation agents organise the transfer of arms and security equipment to a range of illegitimate end users such as criminals, terrorists and human rights abusers. Arms brokers can be defined as middlemen who organise arms transfers between two or more parties, often bringing together buyers, s

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17

Drozdková, Markéta. "Obchod s drogami v Latinské Americe." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-200132.

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This diploma thesis provides a complex analysis of illicit drug trade in Latin America and Colombia and it describes its causes and trends. It also focuses on evaluation of anti narcotics strategies applied in Colombia. The first part of the thesis describes the illicit drug market and its global character and it concentrates on cocaine market in Latin America. The second part is devoted to Colombia and the historical development of illicit drug trade in said country. It contains analysis of several actors dominating the illicit drug market and of their roles and positions. It also describes a

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18

Clegg, E., Michael J. A. Crowley, Owen J. Greene, S. Meek, and S. Powell. "Implementing the UN Action Programme for Combating the Illicit Trafficking in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4273.

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yes<br>Historically, UN conferences have been criticised for resulting more in compromises than in commitments to real change, which is also a charge that has been levelled against the UN Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UN Small Arms Conference). The consensus-based approach adopted throughout the negotiations had the advantage of binding all participating States to all aspects of the agreed Programme of Action (PoA), but it also ensured that it would be difficult to achieve a sufficiently rigorous and comprehensive agreement on all of

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19

Cohen, Chelsea. "The need for harmonisation of wildlife crime laws in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) A case study of the illicit abalone trade." Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31320.

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The illicit wildlife trade (IWT) is the fourth most lucrative form of organised crime globally (Donnenfeld & Aucoin, 2017:1). The Global Financial Integrity (GFI) reports that IWT is one of the most profitable and illicit economies with a profit margin of US$ 23 billion annually (May, 2017:np). It has developed into one of the most expensive security challenges. Affecting a broad range of plants and animals, the illegal trade in wildlife deprives nations of their biodiversity, income opportunities, natural heritage and capital (Nowak, 2016:1). Although governments, non-governmental organis

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20

Fincham, Derek. "Preventing and repairing these losses : the legal response in the United States and the United Kingdom to the illicit trade in cultural property." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU494368.

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This work critically analyses the state of legal regulation of the art and antiquities trade and seeks an answer to the question: how well do the United States and the United Kingdom respond to the illicit trade in cultural property? It describes and analyzes the interactions of the US and the UK with the major international and domestic cultural property regulatory mechanisms currently in pl~ce so as to prevent and repair losses to . our collective cultural heritage. Cultural property litigation is expensive, requires testimony of international experts, and implicates international legal idea

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21

Greene, Owen J. "Stockpiling Security and Reducing Surplus Weapons." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4237.

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yes<br>Measures to enhance the security and management of legal stocks of small arms and to reduce `surplus¿ weapons are clearly essential components of an effective international action programme to combat illicit trafficking and prevent and reduce the proliferation of small arms. Many of the weapons of concern are lost from official stockpiles through theft, corruption or neglect. Moreover, the existence of large quantities of `surplus¿ small arms is a major factor in the excessive availability and flows of these weapons. The primary responsibility for measures to address these problem

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22

Mell, Andrew. "Essays on the economics of reputation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:22678da2-cb70-43a8-84ff-96ac95d47988.

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This thesis is comprised of three essays. These essays model facets of illicit markets using economic theories of reputation and go on to develop new theories of reputation. In chapter 1, we start by defining illicit markets. We build a model of trade in an illicit market where honesty is enforced through reputation. We then show how criminals' heterogeneity in their ability to avoid detection can have interesting consequences. In particular, such heterogeneity can explain why illicit market participants might sometimes adopt surprisingly blatant trading strategies. Heterogeneity among crimina

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23

Clegg, E., Owen J. Greene, S. Meek, and G. O'Callaghan. "Regional initiatives and the UN 2001 Conference: Building Mutual Support and Complementarity." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4236.

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yes<br>As the agenda for the United Nations (UN) 2001 Conference on The Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects takes shape, governments should begin to identify a set of standards, mechanisms and specific agreements that will help consolidate, reinforce and co-ordinate regional and national measures to address the problem of the proliferation and misuse of small arms. An important element of this approach will be to build upon the wealth of regional and national experiences and perspectives that illustrate the different contexts in which efforts to combat the pro

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O'Callaghan, G., and S. Meek. "The UN firearms protocol: considerations for the UN 2001 conference." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4238.

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yes<br>Since April 1998, the Vienna-based UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice has been negotiating the draft Protocol Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition (hereafter referred to as the Firearms Protocol). This Protocol will be the first global measure regulating international transfers of small arms and light weapons, and should have a tremendous impact on both the legal and the illicit manufacture and trade in firearms. The draft agreement seeks to combat and cr

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Greene, Owen J. "Enhancing traceability of small arms and light weapons flows: developing an international marking and tracing regime." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4239.

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yes<br>Efforts to combat and prevent illicit trafficking and proliferation of small arms and light weaponsEfforts to combat and prevent illicit trafficking and proliferation of small arms and light weapons (SALW) are obstructed by lack of capacity to trace sources and lines of supply for arms. Such efforts are necessary in order to identify points of diversion or loss of responsible control so that actions can be taken to tackle the problems. This hampers efforts to prevent future loss and diversion, for example, or to close down unauthorised or destabilising arms supply networks. Measure

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Crowley, Michael J. A., R. Isbister, and S. Meek. "Building Comprehensive Controls on Small Arms Manufacturing, Transfer and End-use." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4272.

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yes<br>Small arms and light weapons can enter the illicit market at many stages in their lifecycle. From manufacture, to sale/export, to import, and then to final end use, States must establish and enforce stringent and comprehensive licensing and monitoring systems to ensure that small arms and light weapons (SALW) remain under legal control. The UN Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects and ensuing follow-up process provide States with important opportunities to analyse and compare how existing systems governing the manufacture and trade in S

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Carrier, Toni. "Trade and plunder networks in the second Seminole War in Florida, 1835-1842." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001020.

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28

Hagala, Jennifer A. "HOW FAR WILL YOU GO WHEN THERE IS AN EMBARGO?A STOCHASTIC ACTOR-ORIENTED MODEL OF THE EFFECTS OF ARMS EMBARGOS ON ILLICIT WEAPONS TRADE." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/538.

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The international community routinely implements embargoes in an effort to restrict the flow of small arms and light weapons into politically unstable regions. The effectiveness of sanctions fall into question when reports indicate that weapons continue to pour into embargoed territories. Using stochastic actor-based modeling, the current study investigates how shipment patterns change over time, and how trade patterns evolve in the presence of endogenous influences, such as embargoes, while controlling for corruption levels and national wealth (e.g., gross domestic product). The analysis here

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Greene, Owen J., Sally E. Holt, and Adrian Wilkinson. "Ammunition stocks: Promoting safe and secure storage and disposal." Thesis, International Alert and Saferworld and University of Bradford, Department of Peace Studies, Centre for International Co-operation and Security, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4276.

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yes<br>[Introduction]International commitments and measures to prevent, reduce and combat uncontrolled or illicit small arms and light weapons (SALW) holdings and flows are widely understood to encompass not only the weapons but also their ammunition. This is obviously necessary. Thus the UN Programme of Action to Prevent Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (PoA) includes many commitments that apply to ammunition as well as to small and light weapons. Progress in implementing the PoA includes many measures concerning ammunition, includ

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Cooper, Neil. "The Regulation of Conflict Resources: Diamonds in Sierra Leone. Paper for the Transformation of War Economies Seminar, University of Plymouth 16-19 June 2005." University of Bradford, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4020.

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yes<br>The last few years have seen the emergence of a series of regulatory initiatives that have been developed, partly in response to the twin agendas of human security and strong states, but which represent a specific reaction to the political economies deemed to underpin contemporary civil conflicts ¿ most notably the way in which local and global markets in everything from diamonds to drugs have been exploited to fund often vicious civil conflicts, particularly in environments characterised by endemic corruption. This new body of local and global regulation, what might loosely be characte

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Miller, D., W. Cukier, H. Vázquez, and C. Watson. "Regulation of Civilian Possession of Small Arms and Light Weapons." Thesis, International Alert, Saferworld and University of Bradford, Department of Peace Studies, Centre for International Co-operation and Security, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4274.

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yes<br>The majority of small arms and light weapons currently in circulation are in civilian possession1. An estimated fifty-nine percent of weapons around the world are in civilian hands and in some regions such as Europe this is closer to eighty per cent.2 While the majority of these arms are used for lawful purposes a significant percentage are not. The misuse of these arms by civilians can cause major damage to people¿s livelihoods, health and security as well as broader repercussion such as hampering economic, social and political development and the provision of health care. One of

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Kirkham, E., and C. Flew. "Strengthening embargoes and enhancing human security." Thesis, International Alert, Saferworld and University of Bradford, Department of Peace Studies, Centre for International Co-operation and Security, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4275.

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yes<br>Arms embargoes are one of the principal tools of states in seeking to prevent, limit and bring an end to armed conflict and human rights abuses. Despite the frequency with which arms embargoes have been imposed, there are significant problems with their implementation. Pressure is therefore growing for the international governmental community to act in order to ensure that the political commitment embodied by the imposition of arms embargoes is matched by the commitment to ensure their rigorous enforcement and to achieve enhanced human security on the ground. Increasing the effecti

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Greene, Owen J., and P. Batchelor. "Information Exchange and Transparency: Key Elements of an International Action Programme on Small Arms." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4267.

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yes<br>Efforts to combat and prevent illicit trafficking in, and proliferation and misuse of, small arms and light weapons (SALW) are hampered by lack of relevant information-exchange and transparency. International information exchange and transparency arrangements are key elements of each of the main elements of the international action programme on SALW to be launched at the UN 2001 Conference. There is great scope to develop information management and distribution arrangements to disseminate and exchange of relevant information on SALW without seriously compromising national securit

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Upphoff, Emmy, and Isabelle Olofsson. "Kulturarv till salu : Auktionshus och onlineplattformars ansvar när det gäller illegal handel med kulturföremål i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447244.

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The illicit trade with cultural property is a worldwide problem. Many of the cultural properties that are traded have been plundered and exported from countries and end up on western markets, often at auction houses and auction platforms online. This study aims to understand the responsibility Swedish auction houses and online platforms have regarding the illicit trade with cultural properties. This is achieved by answering the following questions: what responsibility does the auction houses and online platforms have? Do they take this responsibility? Do auction houses and online platforms ha

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Lukeš, Jakub. "Vliv Global Witness na utváření legislativy konfliktních minerálů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-261764.

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The thesis concers the issue of conflict minerals in the Democratic republic of Congo. The situation in the country has been monitored by the NGO Global Witness for decades. Human rights violation, illicit trade followed by exporting of minerals out of the country, have been supervised by militaristic rebel groups. As a result these groups have been indirectly founded by international corporations.The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the performance of Global Witness at the agenda setting of conflict minerals, including a critical assessment of legislative measures.

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Makki, S., S. Meek, A. Musah, Michael J. A. Crowley, and D. Lilly. "Private Military Companies and the Proliferation of Small Arms: Regulating the Actors." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4268.

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yes<br>The 1990s witnessed a change in the way wars were fought as the amount of available weaponry increased and the types of actors engaged in warfare multiplied. The opening up of the international arms trade, in particular with new buyers and more channels of supply, has raised concerns about who purchases weapons and for what use. Afeature of this changing nature of conflict has been the continuing, if not growing, presence of mercenaries and the emergence of private companies contracted to provide military and security services. These range from logistical support and training to a

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Waddell, Ruth J. H. "Organic and trace metal impurity profiling in illicit ecstasy seizures with the application of chemometric procedures." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273388.

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Wallace, Nicole. "Forensic Science Applications Utilizing Nanomanipulation-Coupled to Nanospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Ultra-Trace Illicit Drugs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33209/.

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Presented in this thesis are two methods that are coupled to the instrumentation for the recovery and analysis of ultra-trace illicit drug residues. The electrostatic dust lifting process is coupled with nanomanipulation-nanospray ionization to retrieve drug particles off of hard surfaces for analysis. For the second method, drug residues from fingerprint impressions are extracted followed by analysis. The methodology of these hyphenated techniques toward forensic science applications is applied as to explore limits of detection, sensitivity, and selectivity of analytes as well as immediacy an

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Sirvent, Bruno. "Le trafic d'armes à feu dans l'Union européenne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0653/document.

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Le trafic d’armes à feu au sein de l’Union européenne est une menace préoccupante contre l’espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice poussant l’Union et ses États membres à réagir afin de renforcer leur cadre juridique. Néanmoins, il est difficile d’apporter aux problématiques posées par le trafic d’armes à feu une solution légale du fait de ses caractéristiques et sa transversalité. Les stocks d’armes à feu se trouvant aux frontières de l’Union européenne sont détournés afin d’être introduit dans l’espace sans frontières par de multiples acteurs aux intérêts et motivations diverses. Ces tr

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Nekouie, Naeenie Nasim. "Les enjeux de la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel matériel en Iran depuis 1997 jusqu'en 2015." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2114.

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La Révolution de 1979 a provoqué en Iran une vague de méfiance à l’égard des autres pays et l’hostilité envers les États-Unis a mis le pays dans une position conflictuelle avec le monde occidental. Avec l’affaire de la prise d’otages en novembre 1979, les relations entre l’Iran, les États-Unis et l’Europe ont été coupées. Tout cela n’a pas été sans conséquences sur la conservation du patrimoine culturel : si Persépolis a échappé à la destruction, en revanche le mausolée de Reza Shah a été complétement détruit par les révolutionnaires. Cependant des démarches effectuées par les spécialistes eur

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Leroy, Antonia. "Les transformations du droit des pêches face à l'émergence d'un problème juridique : la pêche illicite, non rapportée, non réglementée : Aspects de droit international, européen et national." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0043.

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Le droit des pêches maritimes puise ses fondements dans le droit de la mer. La Convention des Nations unies sur le droit de la mer de 1982 pense les questions de pêche à travers les espaces maritimes qu’elle établit. La lutte contre la pêche illicite, non déclarée et non réglementée (INN), s’est insinuée à l’intérieur du droit des pêches en transformation, sur lequel on s’interroge ici, et notamment sur la capacité de ce dernier à éradiquer ces activités INN. La pêche INN renvoie à différentes formes d’activités, de méthodes de pêche, ou de conditions d’exercice de la pêche, qu’il importe de c

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Dedekind, Amy Paula. ""A review of measures to combat illicit drug trafficking and trade : a domestic maritime perspective"." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9775.

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From a survey of media reports and other documentary sources, illicit drug trafficking and trade seems to be a prevalent problem in South Africa today. Drugs are being shipped undetected in containers, which poses a significant threat to maritime security. The drug trade is also having a negative impact upon one of South Africa's valuable resources, abalone. It appears that there is a substantial nexus between the poaching of abalone and the illicit drug trade in South Africa. Abalone is considered to be a delicacy in the East and research shows that a substantial amount of drugs in South Afri

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Conradie, Dirk Philippus. "Unknown provenance : the forgery, illicit trade and looting of ancient near eastern artifacts and antiquities." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21707.

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The archaeology of the region, referred to in scholarly lexicon as the Ancient Near East, is richly endowed with artefacts and monumental architecture of ancient cultures. Such artefacts, as a non-renewable resource are, therefore considered to be a scarce commodity. So also is the context and the provenance of these objects. Once an object’s provenance has been disturbed, it is of no further significant use for academic research, except for aesthetic value. Historically, as well as in the present, we see that humans have exploited this resource for various reasons, with very little regard giv

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Buseman, Michael Joseph. "One trade, two worlds : politics, conflict, and the illicit liquor trade in White County, Georgia and Pickens County, South Carolina, 1894-1895." 2002. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/buseman%5Fmichael%5Fj%5F200212%5Fma.

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Van, Heerden Anjelee. "Drug trafficking : the use of South African drug mules in crossborder smuggling." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19039.

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This study was conducted in order to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon of drug trafficking with specific reference as to how South African drug mules are used in crossborder drug smuggling. Through media analysis, semi-structured interviews with drug trafficking experts and a literature study the researcher was able to make findings and recommendations as per the objectives of the study. The objectives of the study included examining how drug mules smuggle drugs across South African borders; what role drug mules play in drug trafficking syndicates and the motivations and reasons wh

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Wiwała, Leszek. "Wpływ regulacji prawnych na wielkość nielegalnego rynku napojów spirytusowych w Polsce w latach 2004–2018." Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/4116.

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W rozprawie podjęto próbę ustalenia związku, między wprowadzanymi w latach 2004-2018 zmianami w regulacjach rynku alkoholowego a rozmiarem rynku nielegalnych napojów spirytusowych. W pierwszej kolejności dokonano analizy przepisów prawa, które były przedmiotem naruszeń ze strony przestępców organizujących nierejestrowaną produkcję i obrót nielegalnym spirytusem oraz napojami spirytusowymi. Główną uwagę zwrócono na regulacje podatku akcyzowego, zwłaszcza zasady skażania alkoholu. Następnie dokonano analizy „szarej strefy” napojów spirytusowych, która obejmowała zarówno dotychczasowe dane sz

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Stohl, R. "Putting Children First: Building a Framework for International Action to Address the Impact of Small Arms on Children." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4269.

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Yes<br>Small arms and light weapons (SALW) are recognised as increasing the lethality, duration and intensity of conflict with the effects of these weapons lasting for many years. The negative impacts of SALW are often greatest for the most vulnerable groups, including children. There is widespread international recognition of the negative effects of small arms on children, but efforts to control small arms and those to protect children have rarely been linked. The United Nations 2001 Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects and the UN Special Se

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Stohl, R., and S. Powell. "Putting Children First - Background Report." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4270.

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yes<br>The purpose of this paper is to identify how the presence, proliferation, and misuse of small arms and light weapons (SALW) negatively impact children in conflict and post-conflict societies. It examines the impact of these weapons on children's well-being, rights and development, drawing on primary research in Cambodia, Mozambique, and Colombia. It was prepared in the context of the UN Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects in July 2001 and the UN Special Session on Children. Both are key opportunities to examine fully the impact of SAL

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Chen, Tai-hung, and 陳泰宏. "Using DART-coupled Q-orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Detection of Trace Organic Pigments and Illicit Drugs in Forensic Identification." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/he82n2.

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博士<br>國立交通大學<br>應用化學系碩博士班<br>105<br>1. Using DART-coupled Q-orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Rapid in Detection of Multiple Illicit Liquid Street Drugs Direct analysis in real time coupled to Q-orbitrap tandem mass Spectrometry (DART- MS) without requiring preparatory procedures was used to directly detect trace amounts of illegal street drugs, namely p-chloroamphetamine, p-fluoromethamphetamine, -hydroxybutyrate, ketamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone, p-methylethcathinone, methylone, and nimetazepam, in solution and also in real drug samples. Exact mass determinat

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Lauzon, Nidia. "Imagerie moléculaire d’empreintes digitales par spectrométrie de masse : potentiels et applications en science forensique." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21579.

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