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Journal articles on the topic 'Illumination Practice'
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1
Dorokhov, Victor B. "Light and Climate: Regulatory Requirements and Practice of Cultural Valuables Preservation." Light & Engineering, no. 01-2023 (February 2023): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2022-097.
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The article presents the set of data related to development of museum illumination control standards. The main goal of the review is to demonstrate the balance between illumination adjustment as a means to improve preservation of museum exhibits and adjustment as a means to improve presentation of exhibits to visitors. Such review became necessary due to intensification of activities for development of museum illumination regulations since 2018. As part of these activities, the specialists of two leading organisations – light engineers of the Russian Lighting Research Institute named after S.I. Vavilov (VNISI) and the museum and restoration community of the State Research Institute for Restoration – fulfilled a contract for analysis of museum practice in the sphere of museum illumination. The results of the studies under the contract were reviewed and approved during an extended meeting of the museum illumination commission of the Scientific and Technical Council of the Lighting Industry in the Russian Federation (STC “Svetotekhnika”) with participation of representatives of the museum community. The results of this work were also discussed at a meeting of the scientific council of GosNIIR. In 2020, specialists of VNISI developed four regulations of LED illumination for museums after fulfilling the contract. The article presents a brief description of the potential of these documents for improvement of development of LED museum illumination. It demonstrates limited applicability of the developed standards to actual needs of museums and the mistakes made by the developers, which pose risks for preservation of museum exhibits if these standards are used in practice. The author proposes the ways of further development and improvement of the regulatory framework of museum illumination. These ways and the programme of regulation development were discussed and approved at the meeting of the scientific council of GosNIIR.
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Mullen, Father Godfrey. "Mutual Illumination: Monastic Vows and Musical Practice." Liturgy 33, no. 4 (2018): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0458063x.2018.1478588.
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Black, Stephanie. "Illumination through illustration: Research methods and authorial practice." Journal of Illustration 1, no. 2 (2014): 275–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jill.1.2.275_1.
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Cuttle, C. "Making the switch from task illumination to ambient illumination standards: Principles and practicalities, including energy implications." Lighting Research & Technology 52, no. 4 (2019): 455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153519857465.
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It has been proposed that general lighting practice should switch from specifying indoor illumination standards in terms of task illuminance to ambient illumination specified in terms of mean room surface exitance. The reasons for this proposal are reexamined and the energy implications are assessed. To enable comparison of equivalent levels of illumination, it was first necessary to establish mean room surface exitance levels that equate to task illuminance levels as being typical for similar applications. A simulation was developed using AGi32 lighting design software to determine lighting power density levels for providing equivalent illumination by three luminaire luminous flux distributions for three room shapes with three surface reflectance combinations. As anticipated, the downlight distribution was found to be the most efficient way of satisfying task illuminance criteria, but also it was found that uplighting achieves similar lighting power density levels for the equivalent mean room surface exitance criteria if room surface reflectances are reasonably high, indicating that the switch could be made without departing from the lighting power density limiting values currently proposed for efficient use of lighting energy. However, to base lighting standards on low lighting power density levels would have the effect of severely restricting options in lighting practice. Accordingly, a range of lighting power density levels is proposed for lighting standards that would eliminate inefficient use of lighting energy while permitting reasonable levels of design flexibility in lighting practice.
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Hardy, Mary. "Systematic reviews as a guide to practice: illumination or obfuscation?" Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies 11, no. 2 (2006): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/fact.11.2.0002.
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Semėnas, Rokas. "Illumination Normalization Algorithm Combination Analysis in Face Recognition." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 9, no. 3 (2017): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2017.1036.
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Face recognition programs have many practical usages in various fields, such as security or entertainment. Existing recognition algorithms must deal with various real life problems – mainly with illumination. In practice, illumination normalization models are often used only for Small-scale futures extraction, ignoring Large-scale features. In this article, new and more direct approach to this problem is offered, used algorithms and test results are given.
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Hao, R., A. Ge, X. Tao, Y. Liu, B. Zhao, and E. Yang. "Optical design of a high-mast luminaire based on four COB LED light source modules." Lighting Research & Technology 51, no. 3 (2018): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153518764774.
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Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been widely used in road lighting. This study investigates the optical design of a high-mast luminaire based on four chips-on-board LED light source modules and applies it to road lighting. The model of the high-mast luminaire is built with Solidworks, and then the optical simulations are analysed by Tracepro and Dialux. We also make a physical prototype of the high-mast luminaire to test its performance in practice. The illuminance distribution of the test area is nearly rectangular. The interior of the rectangle forms a smaller highlighted rectangular illumination area with uniform illumination. The outer edges of the rectangular illumination area will overlap the outer edges of the illumination area of other high-mast luminaires. The desired illuminance distribution and the uniform illumination can be obtained. Both the simulations and the experimental results meet the requirements of road lighting standards and the high-mast lamp can even achieve a better optical performance.
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Michelson, Annette. "Painting, Instantaneism, Cinema, America, Ballet, Illumination, Apollinaire." October 169 (August 2019): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00356.
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Attending closely to the implicit kineticism of Picabia's 1924 “Instantaneist Manifesto” and the musicalist aesthetic of his art, Annette Michelson considers the artist's interest in time and moving images, arguing that temporalization is the key impulse in his practice regardless of medium. This dedication to temporalization, the author claims, manifests not only as a fetishization of mobility and travel but more critically as the stimulus for interrelations between dance, cinema, painting, and poetry.
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Kambin, Parviz, Thomas Gennarelli, and Frank Hermantin. "Minimally invasive techniques in spinal surgery: current practice." Neurosurgical Focus 4, no. 2 (1998): E10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.1998.4.2.11.
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Minimally invasive spinal surgery under arthroscopic or endoscopic magnification and illumination is emerging as an alternative, reliable method of treatment in a variety of spinal disorders. The operative techniques being used for discectomy and retrieval of herniated disc fragments or stabilization of unstable spinal motion segments are being utilized for visual diagnosis and debridement of infectious discitis and osteomyelitis transpedicular and transforaminal vertebral body biopsy, temporary diagnostic fixation of unstable lumbar motion segments, and transforaminal epidural steroid therapy.
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Suzuki, Motofumi, Hisataka Kobayashi, and Hirofumi Hanaoka. "Evaluation of a Novel Lateral Emitting Laser Fiber for Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy." Cancers 16, no. 14 (2024): 2558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16142558.
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Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new cancer therapy that uses NIR light and conjugates of a tumor-targeting monoclonal antibody and phthalocyanine dye. In clinical practice, frontal and cylindrical diffusers are the only options for NIR illumination. However, illumination in a narrow space is technically difficult with such diffusers. Therefore, we evaluated a lateral illumination system using a lateral emitting laser (LEL) fiber. The LEL fiber illuminated a certain area in a lateral direction. NIR-PIT with an LEL fiber reduced luciferase activity in a light-dose-dependent manner in A431-GFP-luc cells in vitro and significantly suppressed tumor proliferation in a xenograft mouse model. To evaluate the usefulness of the LEL fiber in the illumination of a narrow space, a tumor was illuminated from the inside of a cylinder, mimicking a narrow space, and the fluorescence intensity in the tumor was monitored. In the frontal diffuser, NIR light was unevenly delivered and little light reached a distal tumor area from the illuminated side. By contrast, the LEL fiber allowed a uniform illumination of the entire tumor, and a loss of fluorescence was observed even in distal areas. These findings suggested that the LEL fiber can be used for NIR-PIT and is suitable for NIR light illumination in a narrow space.
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Liu, Hong Hai, and Xiang Hua Hou. "An Illumination Compensation Algorithm Based on Single-Scale Retinex and its Application in Face Recognition." Advanced Materials Research 546-547 (July 2012): 755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.546-547.755.
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Due to the affect of illumination conditions when taking face image, the traditional algorithm effect of face recognition in practice is unsatisfied. Thus, in order to reduce the affect of illumination conditions, the pretreatment of illumination compensation to face image is needed. The common illumination compensation algorithms have two kinds: linear compensation and nonlinear compensation, such as histogram equalization method, log algorithm, and so on, but those algorithms only perform localized enhancement for image and they cannot really reflect the original image. In this paper, a kind of illumination compensation algorithm based on color constant theory is put forward. An image is mainly made of reflection image and incident image convolution. With color constancy, the incident image is not subject to the influence of illumination conditions and reflection image weakens image effect. Thus, if the incident image is found, the image is enhanced. Firstly, the acquisition method of incident image is analyzed. By the decomposition of Gaussian function, the incident image can be obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the obtainment of incident image. Then, the expression of Retinex is analyzed. Secondly, we analyze the algorithm based on Retinex. In the horizontal direction and vertical direction of image, compensation is performed and the image after compensation is expanded, so that the compensation image is obtained. Lastly, the illumination compensation results of face image by face image database CMU are given. Compared with the original image, the results show that there is obvious enhancement effect. The recognition rate of face image in complex illumination conditions is improved.
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Zielinska-Dabkowska, Karolina M. "Healthier and Environmentally Responsible Sustainable Cities and Communities. A New Design Framework and Planning Approach for Urban Illumination." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (2022): 14525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114525.
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Although sustainability and sustainable development are both considered necessary practices in various fields today, a recent analysis showed that the Sustainable Development Goal SDG11: Sustainable Cities and Communities established by the United Nations does not address urban illumination and its impact. This oversight is of concern because research carried out in the last 20+ years indicates artificial light at night (ALAN) in cities, and the light pollution this generates can have negative consequences on human health and well-being and the entire environment, including ecosystems and the flora and fauna that inhabit them. By applying a literature review, analysis and synthesis method, this work offers a new perspective on lighting and a timeline of key events that established ALAN and light pollution awareness in different disciplines and professional groups connected to urban illumination. It also identifies three fundamental aspects which require further transdisciplinary research and the translation of this knowledge into practice in order to enable the development of sustainable cities and communities at night. Finally, it presents in detail a new, theoretical environment-centred design framework for responsible urban illumination, with four iterative design phases, in order to help guide various stakeholders in cities, along with a four-level pyramid model that can be applied to urban illumination in the form of principles, processes, practices, and tools. This framework is especially relevant for those urban planners, architects, and landscape designers, who are unfamiliar with the subject in order to present the most effective and appropriate lighting design approach and methods that should be taken into consideration with the design of a given urban nighttime environment/situation.
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Miyashita, K., M. K. Rand, S. Miyachi, and O. Hikosaka. "Anticipatory saccades in sequential procedural learning in monkeys." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 2 (1996): 1361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.1361.
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1. In a preceding paper we examined the short-term and long-term processes of learning of sequential procedures in monkeys. We now report that the pattern of eye movements changed along with the long-term learning. 2. The monkey's task was to press five consecutive pairs of target buttons (indicated by illumination) in the correct order for every pair, which the monkey had to find by trial and error (2 x 5 task). The whole sequence was called the "hyperset"; each pair was called the "set." 3. Initially, the saccade toward the correct target occurred after illumination of the targets (visually guided saccade). After sufficient learning, the saccade tended to occur before the target illumination (anticipatory saccade). This was true only for the hyperset that had been learned. 4. The likelihood of anticipatory saccade increased gradually over 20-30 days of practice of the particular hyperset. The time course was similar to how the hand learned (button press latency). 5. The monkeys were required to use the same hand for each hyperset throughout learning, except when we asked them to use the opposite hand. The nearly perfect performance due to the extensive practice was then deteriorated by the use of the opposite hand. We found, in addition, that anticipatory saccades became much less frequent. This finding suggests that critical for the skilled performance was the combination of the eyes and the side of the hand that was used for the practice of a given sequence.
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Darmawan, Ruly, and Noeratri Andanwerti. "From illumination to manuscript: a best practice in reconstruction of illuminated manuscripts." International Journal of Digital Culture and Electronic Tourism 1, no. 1 (2008): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijdcet.2008.020135.
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Yu, Changliang, Fangqiu Ding, Zhenyu Ma, and Yuguo Tang. "Rapid Autofocus Method Based on LED Oblique Illumination for Metaphase Chromosome Microscopy Imaging System." Photonics 11, no. 11 (2024): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111091.
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In clinical practice, microscopes are commonly used for imaging chromosomes to diagnose genetic diseases. Achieving precise and rapid autofocusing is a significant challenge in the advancement of high-throughput chromosome imaging systems. Here, we introduce a rapid autofocus method based on LED oblique illumination for dual-objective configuration in metaphase chromosome imaging system. Our method utilizes a programmable LED array for sample illumination, employing a sequential activation of two LEDs from opposing angles to create oblique illumination. The defocus distance is ascertained through image cross-correlation calculation. Illumination with multiple LEDs in the array is used to acquire bright-field images after completing the focusing. Our method can perform continuous autofocus under a 10× objective and a 100× oil immersion objective, with average focusing errors of 1.29 μm and 0.12 μm, respectively. The total imaging time for a single sample has been significantly reduced from approximately 10 min with conventional methods to just 2 min. This study provides preliminary evidence supporting the viability of developing a next-generation high-throughput chromosome scanner employing a LED array.
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Babilon, Sebastian, Janika Lenz, Sebastian Beck, et al. "Task-related Luminance Distributions for Office Lighting Scenarios." Light & Engineering, no. 01-2021 (February 2021): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2020-073.
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For the design of modern office environments, lighting is a central aspect. With regard to current practice, uniform illumination is most often applied in interiors. In this paper, however, further aspects of a more individual approach are investigated, that deliberately violate the usual demands for uniformity by explicitly considering task-related, emotional and psychological effects of lighting. For this purpose, two independent experiments were conducted in an office mock-up setting exploring the impact of spatially variable, non-uniform light distributions on the users’ illumination preferences for the accomplishment of a given task. In the first experiment, three predefined illumination settings wererated by a group of naïve observers. Although the respective light distributions differed in their spatial characteristics, no significant differences were found in the rating scores. In addition, these variations showed no significant effect on the users’ preferred position of task performance. In the second experiment, though, a clearly significant effect could be reported such that, once the users were granted control over the illumination settings, an explicit demand for locally increased illuminance levels at the position of task performance was observed. Furthermore, high rating scores of perceived lighting adequacy indicate the users’ general satisfaction with the degree of visual assistance provided by such a task-related illumination.
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Sunjoto, Margareth. "Illuminating Urban Kampung in Indonesia." KnE Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (2025): 186–92. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v10i1.17868.
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This paper examines the road lighting design practice in Indonesia’s urban kampung, which is one of the important elements that shape and define an Indonesian city. However, it appears that the current road illumination standard disregards its existence and creates regulations based on the requirements of motorist. In contrast, urban kampung roads are more intricate due to their frequent use as shared spaces. The research explains the issue by utilizing a literature review and a case study of urban kampung Siwalankerto as an illustration. Even though the placement of streetlights and the measurement of average illuminance comply with SNI standards, there is no significant correlation between the perception of safety and the quantity of light deemed adequate by residents. This finding contradicts the primary function of street illumination, which is to promote night-time safety. Keywords: urban kampung, road lighting, illumination, lighting regulation
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Bless, Diane M., and Nathan V. Welham. "A Brief History of Laryngeal Imaging: Informing our Current Clinical Practice." Perspectives on Voice and Voice Disorders 20, no. 2 (2010): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/vvd20.2.56.
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This article provides an overview of the history of laryngeal illumination as it informs current clinical practice. We argue that two pioneers, G. Paul Moore and Hans von Leden, were critical to the development of the analysis and interpretation of laryngeal images. The material presented here was originally part of a Short Course at the 2009 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Convention. For readers desiring greater detail, references to key articles are provided.
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Raynham, P., J. Unwin, and L. Guan. "A new metric to predict perceived adequacy of illumination." Lighting Research & Technology 51, no. 4 (2019): 642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153519828416.
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Over recent years, mean room surface exitance has gained acceptance as a predictor of perceived adequacy of illumination. However, it can be argued that mean room surface exitance either cannot be applied or has limited value in a number of practical situations. This paper proposes the use of a new metric, mean indirect cubic illuminance, to be used instead of mean room surface exitance in complex situations commonly found in practice. The paper also demonstrates that mean room surface exitance and average mean indirect cubic illuminance have nearly the same numerical values.
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Weijiang, Zhang. "Design of tunnel illumination control system with solar energy." MATEC Web of Conferences 173 (2018): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817302003.
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In order to solve the unmanned tunnel illumination in remote areas, control system is designed for tunnel lighting. Meanwhile, solar energy is used to solve the energy problem of tunnel lighting. Based on the specific requirements of the highway tunnel, the intelligent control algorithm is designed. On the basis of the algorithm, the intelligent control tunnel lighting system is realized. Control system for tunnel lighting is stable and reliable, unmanned operation can be realized. Practice shows that the intelligent tunnel lighting control system can be successfully applied in remote areas.
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Hao, Guo Fen, Wen Cai Li, Chun Ling Liu, and Ke Xin Zhao. "Research and Design of Intelligent Energy-Saving Control Device for Streetlamp." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.816.
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Faced with a serious case of energy waste in the city's public lighting, in this paper, we design a streetlamp which can turn on and off based on natural illumination lights. Depending on the people need for each grade road illumination of different time, it can automatically adjusts the applied voltage lighting by using load regulator, to achieve the purpose of saving lights, without regard to seasonal variation. This paper introduces the control principle, hardware and software flow of the system. Practice shows that the system is scientific and reliable and its energy-saving effect is obvious, and the system has high promotional value.
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Sung, Karen Jiyun. "Making as Enquiring: Performing Making as a Means of Answering Research Questions." Imaginations: Journal of Cross-Cultural Image Studies 15, no. 3 (2025): 147–65. https://doi.org/10.17742/image29714.
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Practice-based research and well-researched creative practice are not the same. The former shapes its question through practice, while the latter refines its answer through research. The paper aims to emphasize the position of the practice-based research method as a strong companion to written methods rather than a replacement.This paper exemplifies the distinctiveness of practice-based participatory research when conducted with culturally specific groups, South Korean in this case, where drawing led to a firm illumination of self-identities where traditional research methods fall short. Through this investigation, the paper aims to contribute to discussions surrounding the diversification of what constitutes knowledge and its implications for research at large.
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Bista, Diwakar, Aayush Bista, Ashish Shrestha, et al. "Lighting for Cultural and Heritage Site: An Innovative Approach for Lighting in the Distinct Pagoda-Style Architecture of Nepal." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (2021): 2720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052720.
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Nepal houses many traditional and cultural sites rich in historical cultural diversity. These sites are also economically important to the nation. These monuments show the culture and the living beliefs of the communities; hence, people from all over the world are attracted to such place to observe the beauty and to feel the spirit and the conservational perspectives behind these articulated edifices. In today’s context, artificial light is a basic necessity for human activities and has been used in various applications: one such application being night-time illumination of historical sites and monuments. Most of the historic monuments in Nepal were constructed during the 15th to 18th century and are designed to incorporate oil-based wick lamp as the light source. Recently with the availability of modern luminaires and lack of technical expertise and scientific approach, most of the historic sites are being filled up with uneven, exaggerated, and inappropriate illumination. This inappropriate illumination practice may lead to negative consequences that may create disturbance to human and the surrounding environment. Scope of this paper is to identify the special needs for illuminating cultural and heritage sites with Pagoda-style architecture and introduce a methodology for a case study in Nepal. As a first step, this paper analyzes lighting malpractices in the temples of Nepal at different geographical locations and cultural values. As a next step, a prototype LED luminaire that enhances the unique type of architecture of Nepalese heritage sites was built, installed, and demonstrated in one of the temples. The work presents the design process of the lighting system and the results of a new lighting installation. The study also discusses possible problems that may arise while designing lighting for cultural and heritage site and provides recommendations on considerations to be taken during the design.
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Hardage, Bob A., and Donald Wagner. "Direct-SV radiation produced by land-based P-sources — Part 1: Surface sources." Interpretation 6, no. 3 (2018): T569—T584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2018-0046.1.
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We use finite-difference modeling to illustrate direct-P and direct-SV radiation produced by land-based, vertical-displacement sources such as vertical vibrators and vertical impacts, sources that reflection seismologists have used for decades to image subsurface targets. We are particularly interested in understanding the nature of SV radiation that these sources create. Such insight will be important for those in the seismic interpretation community who are interested in S-wave reflection seismology. One distinction between our work and that of earlier investigators is that we go beyond traditional assumptions that a propagation medium has a flat surface and is isotropic and homogeneous throughout the model space. Instead, we use models composed of small finite-difference cells that allow earth anomalies with dimensions of only a few feet to be near a source station. These small irregularities are expressed as variations in propagation velocities in a small population of model cells, or as slight changes in surface elevation. These small, realistic, near-source irregularities cause robust direct-SV illumination to travel in near-vertical takeoff angles from a surface-based source station and to often travel in true-vertical takeoff angles. We also depart from the conventional practice of calculating direct-P and direct-SV radiation produced by only a single vertical vibrator. Instead, we model direct-P and direct-SV illumination produced by arrays of 2, 3, and 4 inline vertical vibrators. We find that vibrator arrays create SV-mode beam forming that causes a rich amount of direct-SV radiation to occur inside the critical takeoff-angle cone below a source station that extends from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] from vertical. We consider our source-radiation models to be more realistic representations of conditions encountered in actual seismic field practice than previous models that use oversimplified earth conditions. Our purpose is to provide interpreters information that will let them decide if common, surface-based, land sources such as vertical vibrators can be used to illuminate geologic targets with direct-P and direct-SV illuminating wavefields rather than limiting the use of these sources to P-wave imaging only, as has been standard practice for several decades. Our results indicate that vertical vibrators and vertical impacts produce illuminating wavefields that are appropriate for imaging deep geologic targets. Our models apply to the total family of surface-based, vertical-displacement sources, which includes vertical vibrators and accelerated weight drops.
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Jakubek-Raczkowska, Monika. "The Decoration of Manuscript PL-GD Mar. F 406 in the Context of Illumination Art in Fifteenth-Century Gdańsk." Muzyka 68, no. 1 (2023): 62–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36744/m.1684.
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This article analyses music manuscript Mar. F 406, originally from the collection of St Mary’s church in the Main Town (Rechtstadt) of Gdańsk, now kept at the Gdańsk Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The codex is a compilation of liturgical chants. This article offers the first analytical study of the source undertaken from the perspective of the history of art, with a discussion of the character and quality of the gouache and calligraphic ornaments. These decorations are presented in the wider context of illumination art in fifteenth-century Gdańsk. Stylistic and comparative analyses were supported by non-invasive XRF and IR examination. The physical characteristics of the volume, along with the results of parallel musicological studies (Piotr Ziółkowski and Kamil Watkowski), make it possible to present a new chronology of the manuscript’s compilation, distinguish the individual illuminators’ hands and obtain knowledge of the techniques and practice of the scriptorium in Gdańsk. The codex is thus shown to have received its present-day form in the mid-fifteenth century. It is partly an original work from that period (by two Gdańsk-based copyists), and partly a compilation of older fragments (from the late fourteenth and early fifteenth century). It was bound in Gdańsk by the elder Dragon Bookbinder (älterer Drachenbuchbinder). The first scribe-illuminator was a representative of the Gdańsk environment trained according to Bohemian models. The last three gatherings (VIII–X) remained blank until the early sixteenth century, when more chants were added by a team of copyists. The decoration in this section is the work of a single illuminator, who drew on old thirteenth-century models, as well as calligraphic patterns used in the decoration of incunabula. This section can be dated to the turn of the sixteenth century; the work of this illuminator has analogies in other Gdańsk books from the first quarter of the sixteenth century. The source constitutes a valuable example of a manuscript’s intense, long-term liturgical use. Its analysis demonstrates the need for a comprehensive study of the Gdańsk scriptorium in the second and third quarters of the fifteenth century (including illuminating and bookbinding techniques).
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Hönes, Hans Christian. ""Enlivening and - Dividing": An Aporia of Illumination." Contemporaneity: Historical Presence in Visual Culture 4 (August 3, 2015): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/contemp.2015.73.
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In 1798, Karl August Böttiger paid a nocturnal visit to the Gallery of Antiques in Dresden, illuminating the statues with a torch. At first glance, this seems to be yet another example of a popular practice for visiting galleries c.1800. Illuminating the sculptures by torchlight was a popular means of enlivening the objects, set in motion by the light flickering on their surfaces. The collections were thus meant to become a place where cold, white stone comes to life, and where the beholder becomes part of a revived antiquity.This was precisely what Böttiger intended, too. But to him, the effect of the torchlight appeared to be, as he wrote, “enlivening and – dividing!” The torchlight highlighted not only the beauty of the sculptures but also their modern restorations. Böttiger apparently failed to experience the living presence of the antique celebrated by many of his contemporaries (e.g. Goethe, Moritz).This essay focuses on the consequence of such a perception of sculptures as historically multi-layered objects. Böttiger’s experience resulted in a problematic situation. In trying to view the sculptures as contemporaries, he hoped to become ancient himself. But this operation failed in the moment when the sculptures themselves appeared to be anachronistic, impure palimpsests. In consequence, galleries may not only be the place were art history as chronological Stilgeschichte was born. They may also be the site where this perception changed into the experience of a more chaotic shape of time.
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Yuriy, Saliy, Petrushev Nikita, Penkina Nalia, and Pimonov Igor. "PRACTICE OF VISUAL DIAGNOSTICS USING ENDOSCOPES." Annali d'Italia 63 (January 23, 2025): 72–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14726829.
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Repair of machinery begins with visual inspection during maintenance of mechanical equipment and ends with visual confirmation of detected defects during repair. The subjectivity of this method of technical diagnostics is compensated by the possibility of training specialists in various directions: in current inspection, in defect analysis, in determining the causes of damage, in non-destructive testing, etc. The peculiarities of human vision should be taken into account. It is necessary to take into account peculiarities of human vision, quality of illumination, used optical devices, disregard illusions and many other things. Visual inspection begins with the development of an algorithm and formulation of signs of damage to the mechanism elements, approaches to the identification of types of mechanical wear. There are peculiarities for visual inspection when used in nondestructive testing methods. The article considers the main provisions of visual diagnostics used in the inspection of mechanical equipment, which leads to an increase in the efficiency of working processes of construction and road machines due to the automation of observation processes.
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Liu, Zhen Yong, Jian Qi Sun, and Zhi Chun Ma. "Study on the Illumination Characteristics of Solar Photovoltaic Battery." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.91.
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Effects of solar panels must be taken into account by the light intensity of its output characteristics in practical application, especially solar panels placed outdoor. So the light intensity coefficient is an important parameter to be considered. In this paper,we took the light intensity characteristics of single crystal silicon solar cell as the research object. Also,through transforming the illumination intensity which are 777.60W/m2,996.97 W/m2 and 1224.88 W/m2, we would finish researching the characteristics of the cell sheet, which included battery plate volt ampere characteristic, open circuit voltage, short circuit current and maximum output power. Also, we’ve got the relationship of Uoc-T, Isc-T and Pm-T, respectively and Put forward the better intensity theory. It would lay a solid foundation of practice for the further study on how to improve the rate of light conversion.
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Ralph, Karen. "Performance, Object, and Private Devotion: The Illumination of Thomas Butler’s Books of Hours." Religions 11, no. 1 (2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11010020.
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This article considers the major cycles of illumination in two Books of Hours belonging to Thomas Butler, seventh Earl of Ormond (c.1424–1515). The article concludes that the iconography of the two manuscripts reflects the personal and familial piety of the patron and was designed to act as a tool in the practice of devotion.
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Yong, Liu. "Ecological Strategy of Architectural Design." Advanced Materials Research 742 (August 2013): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.742.437.
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Through the research and analysis of the ecological architecture design background, the analysis of its concept, the illumination of the theories and some explanations of the ecological architecture practice in China and other countries, this paper make a further discussion on the ecological strategies that can be applied into the architecture design process and the development prospect of the green ecological architecture design.
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Zayzay Jr, Emmanuel Forkpa. "Ellen G. White’s Perspective on the Revelation-Inspiration and Interpretation of Scripture as Reflected in Selected Chapters of the Great Controversy." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XII, no. II (2025): 333–41. https://doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2025.12020029.
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Ellen G. White’s perspectives on revelation and inspiration assert that God communicated with humanity through selected individuals after sin disrupted direct communion. Her understanding highlights dual authorship, the use of human language, and the Bible’s authority. White emphasizes Scripture’s harmony, its role as the supreme guide for faith and practice, and the necessity of the Holy Spirit for illumination and application.
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Rivertz, Hans Jakob. "On filters making an imaging sensor more colorimetric." Color and Imaging Conference 2020, no. 28 (2020): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-2629.2020.28.26.
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It is well understood that the color values from a digital camera are functions of the camera's spectral sensitivities, the reflectances of the objects in the scene as well as illumination and any filter that is placed between the object and the sensor. It is vital to select the correct illumination to optimize a color reproduction pipeline. In practice, the choice of the illumination is limited to the spectra of available light sources.<br/> In this paper, we optimize a camera's colorimetric performance by theoretically mounting a filter to the lens. An ideal spectrum of the filter is obtained using the Luther optimization condition. By using variational calculus we reduce the optimization problem to a system of non linear equations on a Lie group. We solve the system of equations by applying Newton's method on a Lie group with a left invariant Riemannian structure. As expected from the literature, our experiments show quadratic convergence.<br/> A second approach is a redesign of the set-up. This redesign gives us a quadratic optimization problem that is easier to solve. Constraints to this optimization problem gives us control on the transparency of the filter.
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Robson, Stuart, Lindsay MacDonald, Stephen Kyle, Jan Boehm, and Mark Shortis. "Optimised multi-camera systems for dimensional control in factory environments." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 232, no. 10 (2016): 1707–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405416654936.
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As part of the United Kingdom’s Light Controlled Factory project, University College London aims to develop a large-scale multi-camera system for dimensional control tasks in manufacturing, such as part assembly and tracking. Accuracy requirements in manufacturing are demanding, and improvements in the modelling and analysis of both camera imaging and the measurement environment are essential. A major aspect to improved camera modelling is the use of monochromatic imaging of retro-reflective target points, together with a camera model designed for a particular illumination wavelength. A small-scale system for laboratory testing has been constructed using eight low-cost monochrome cameras with C-mount lenses on a rigid metal framework. Red, green and blue monochromatic light-emitting diode ring illumination has been tested, with a broadband white illumination for comparison. Potentially, accuracy may be further enhanced by the reduction in refraction errors caused by a non-homogeneous factory environment, typically manifest in varying temperatures in the workspace. A refraction modelling tool under development in the parallel European Union LUMINAR project is being used to simulate refraction in order to test methods which may be able to reduce or eliminate this effect in practice.
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Choo, B. "Tracing the Satipaṭṭhāna in the Korean Ganhwa Seon Tradition: Its Periscope Visibility in the Mindful hwadu Sisimma, ‘Sati-Sisimma’". Religions 9, № 11 (2018): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel9110341.
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The Buddha is said to have awakened to the true nature of existence and attained final liberation from suffering through the practice of Satipaṭṭhāna. This practice begins by addressing sensations from the processes of body and mind, as characterized by ‘bare attention’ and ‘clear comprehension’ through non-judgmental observation, ultimately effecting a transformation into a unique religious experience. During its transmission to East Asian countries, particularly in the Chan tradition, the essence of Satipaṭṭhāna-sutta has become transformed, while maintaining the theme of intense concentration, perhaps in the form of ‘counter-illumination’—an extended equivalent of ‘bare attention’. Not much has been written on which aspects of the Indian contemplative tradition were passed on to the Chan/Seon schools. In the Korean Ganhwa Seon practice, however, there are some indications that the spirit of Satipaṭṭhāna, resonating as a role of sustained attention with mindfulness, has been partially manifested, having crystallized into the mindful hwadu called Sisimma, or ‘Sati-Sisimma’. To substantiate this, this paper investigates how the two seemingly different practices can be seen to link together in the Korean Seon tradition, and proposes pari passu meditative parallels, Satipaṭṭhāna and Sati-Sisimma, recommending for an ‘attentive’ mode and a ‘non-attentive’ mode respectively, in modern meditative practices.
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Saad, S. "Enhancement of Solar Cell Modeling with MPPT Command Practice with an Electronic Edge Filter." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 11, no. 4 (2021): 7501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4304.
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A new photovoltaic cell modeling based on an electronically tunable edge filter is presented in this paper. The new model is subjected to temperature, illumination, and resistance variations. In addition, an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracker) command was exposed with a calculation algorithm based on a microcontroller card that used the behavior of an electronically tunable edge filter. The results confirm those published in the literature, showing the influence of the position of the leakage variation in our model, which can give more power. The simulation results show that the proposed command is efficient to determine the MPP point.
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Stager, David R., Mary Everett, and William H. Swanson. "The Importance of Controlled Illumination in Color Vision Testing in a Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinical Practice." Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus 30, no. 1 (1993): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0191-3913-19930101-10.
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Kim, Seora. ""20th Century Surrealisitc Practice of Anthropological Materialism and the Profane Illumination-Rereading Walter Benjamin's Surrealism"." EPOCH AND PHILOSOPHY 31, no. 3 (2020): 39–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32432/kophil.31.3.2.
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Deepak, B. S., P. Benin, T. Sophia, and K. Malikarjun Goud. "Vertucci Type VII Canal Configuration In Maxillary Second Premolar - A Rare Case Report." CODS Journal of Dentistry 4, no. 2 (2012): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/cods-4-2-28.
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Abstract Anatomical variations must be considered in clinical practice and proper radiographic evaluation must be done during endodontic treatment. Access cavity modifications may be required for proper assessment of complex root canal anatomy. Higher magnification and illumination can be useful to recognize and locate additjonal canals. This article describes the diagnosis and clinical management of a rare case with type VII root canal anatomy in maxillary second premolar.
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Chaturvedi, Aditi, and Amit Bhardwaj. "Microsurgery: The Pinnacle of Precision in Periodontics." Current Trends in Dentistry 2, no. 1 (2025): 23–28. https://doi.org/10.4103/ctd.ctd_10_25.
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Abstract Periodontology is advancing through microsurgical techniques that enhance patient outcomes by improving wound closure and minimizing tissue trauma. The use of surgical microscopes has increased precision and illumination for periodontists. This review examines the role of magnification and microsurgical instruments in periodontology, highlighting their applications, benefits, and challenges. Although still emerging, periodontal microsurgery demonstrates significant potential but requires advanced skill and practice due to its technique sensitivity.
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Wang, Xuefang, Xintong Hu, Peishun Liu, and Ruichun Tang. "A Person Re-Identification Method Based on Multi-Branch Feature Fusion." Applied Sciences 13, no. 21 (2023): 11707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132111707.
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Due to the lack of a specific design for scenarios such as scale change, illumination difference, and occlusion, current person re-identification methods are difficult to put into practice. A Multi-Branch Feature Fusion Network (MFFNet) is proposed, and Shallow Feature Extraction (SFF) and Multi-scale Feature Fusion (MFF) are utilized to obtain robust global feature representations while leveraging the Hybrid Attention Module (HAM) and Anti-erasure Federated Block Network (AFBN) to solve the problems of scale change, illumination difference and occlusion in scenes. Finally, multiple loss functions are used to efficiently converge the model parameters and enhance the information interaction between the branches. The experimental results show that our method achieves significant improvements over Market-1501, DukeMTMC-reID, and MSMT17. Especially on the MSMT17 dataset, which is close to real-world scenarios, MFFNet improves by 1.3 and 1.8% on Rank-1 and mAP, respectively.
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Quibria, M. G. "Aid Effectiveness: Research versus Practice Never the Twain shall Meet?" Journal of Bangladesh Studies 15, no. 1 (2013): 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-01501003.
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This article argues that there is a huge disconnect between empirical research and policies and practices involving foreign aid. In particular, it argues that recent years have seen the growth of a large body of sophisticated empirical work which is long on techniques and short on substance. The literature is riven by controversy and insider drama and provides little illumination on vital policy issues concerning design, allocation, and delivery of foreign aid. For enhancing aid effectiveness, one needs to go beyond the current methodology that emphasizes the “average” and promotes a one-size-fits-all approach. This will require a more nuanced, tailor-made strategy that is grounded in a comprehensive understanding of individual countries. The paper calls for the convergence of the universes of research and policies both for a sophisticated understanding of the underlying issues and for devising appropriate policies for effective use of foreign assistance.
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Brown, D. C. "Lighting in Submarines." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 74, no. 2 (1988): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-74-78.
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AbstractSince the Second World War, the standard night-time illumination in RN submarine control rooms and adjacent spaces has been red lighting, because of its perceived advantage in dark adaption. Red light is, however, unpopular and has been shown to be detrimental to the performance of other control room tasks. In recent years evidence has emerged from the United States and other Navies that the advantage of red lighting over white lighting in terms of dark adaptation is insignificant at very low intensities. In this paper the research literature is reviewed and the findings related to current lighting practice in RN submarines. At the low levels of control room night illumination, there is minimal practical difference in the time taken for the periscope operator to dark adapt between red and white lighting. In view of the benefits to morale and performance offered by low level white lighting, it should replace red lighting for night use in submarine control rooms.
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Zhang, Guangyong, Yong He, Haowen Liang, Xuehao Chen, Dongyan Deng, and Jianying Zhou. "Directional and Eye-Tracking Light Field Display with Efficient Rendering and Illumination." Micromachines 14, no. 7 (2023): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14071465.
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Current efforts with light field displays are mainly concentrated on the widest possible viewing angle, while a single viewer only needs to view the display in a specific viewing direction. To make the light field display a practical practice, a super multi-view light field display is proposed to compress the information in the viewing zone of a single user by reducing the redundant viewpoints. A quasi-directional backlight is proposed, and a lenticular lens array is applied to achieve the restricted viewing zone. The eye-tracking technique is applied to extend the viewing area. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can present a vivid 3D scene with smooth motion parallax. Only 16.7% conventional light field display data are required to achieve 3D display. Furthermore, an illumination power of 3.5 watt is sufficient to lighten a 31.5-inch light field display, which takes up 1.5% of the illumination power required for planar display of similar configuration.
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Li, Yuanyuan, Tariq Alkhalifah, and Zhendong Zhang. "Deep-learning assisted regularized elastic full waveform inversion using the velocity distribution information from wells." Geophysical Journal International 226, no. 2 (2021): 1322–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab162.
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SUMMARY Elastic full waveform inversion (EFWI) can, theoretically, give high-resolution estimates of the subsurface. However, in practice, the resolution and illumination of EFWI are limited by the bandwidth and aperture of seismic data. The often-present wells in developed fields as well as some exploratory regions can provide complementary information of the target area. We, thus, introduce a regularization technique, which combines the surface seismic and well log data, to help improve the resolution of EFWI. We use deep neural networks to learn the statistical relations between some selected features of the inverted model and the facies interpreted from well logs. The selected features are the means and variances of the inverted velocities defined within Gaussian windows. Using multiple fully connected layers, we train our neural networks to identify the relation between the means and variances at the well location and those from the inverted model. The network is used to map the means and variances extracted from the well to the whole model domain. We then perform another EFWI in which we fit the predicted data to the observed ones as well as fit the model over a Gaussian window to the predicted means and variances. The tests on synthetic and real seismic data demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively improve the resolution and illumination of deep-buried reservoirs, which often encounter poor illumination from seismic data.
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Hu, Zhihua, Yaolin Hou, Pengjie Tao, and Jie Shan. "SREVAS: Shading Based Surface Refinement under Varying Albedo and Specularity." Remote Sensing 12, no. 21 (2020): 3488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12213488.
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Shape-from-shading and stereo vision are two complementary methods to reconstruct 3D surface from images. Stereo vision can reconstruct the overall shape well but is vulnerable in texture-less and non-Lambertian areas where shape-from-shading can recover fine details. This paper presents a novel, generic shading based method to refine the surface generated by multi-view stereo. Different from most of the shading based surface refinement methods, the new development does not assume the ideal Lambertian reflectance, known illumination, or uniform surface albedo. Instead, specular reflectance is taken into account while the illumination can be arbitrary and the albedo can be non-uniform. Surface refinement is achieved by solving an objective function where the imaging process is modeled with spherical harmonics illumination and specular reflectance. Our experiments are carried out using images of indoor scenes with obvious specular reflection and of outdoor scenes with a mixture of Lambertian and specular reflections. Comparing to surfaces created by current multi-view stereo and shape-from-shading methods, the developed method can recover more fine details with lower omission rates (6.11% vs. 24.25%) in the scenes evaluated. The benefit is more apparent when the images are taken with low-cost, off-the-shelf cameras. It is therefore recommended that a general shading model consisting of varying albedo and specularity shall be used in routine surface reconstruction practice.
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Barron, Anne-Marie. "Promoting the Integration of Therapeutic Touch in Nursing Practice on an Inpatient Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit." International Journal of Human Caring 12, no. 2 (2008): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710.12.2.81.
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The purpose of this descriptive qualitative research was to explore experiences of nurses and patients on an inpatient oncology unit when nurses had time preserved for the exclusive offering of therapeutic touch (TT). Nine nurses participated in an educational program to learn the process of TT, but later identified busyness, difficulty centering, and lack of comfort asking colleagues for coverage as significant obstacles to integrating TT in practice. With dedicated time for TT three key findings emerged: TT as a vehicle for comfort, caring, and presence; a shift to the personhood of the patient and reawakening of the essence of nursing; and illumination of the power of linking practice, theory, and research.
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Mullapally, Sujith Kumar, Sandeep Madhavan, Aswathi Raj, Bindu K. Sathi, Sathish Padmanabhan, and Narayanankutty Edavalath Warrier. "Linear accelerator based blood irradiation for pediatric oncology practice in limited resource setting: Illumination and innovation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 15_suppl (2015): e21001-e21001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.e21001.
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Knowles, Ric. "Looking for Enlightened Lighting:The Discourses of Lighting Design, Training and Practice." Canadian Theatre Review 107 (June 2001): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ctr.107.001.
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In spite of technological advances and refinements brought about through computerization and other developments, not much has changed in the discourses of stage lighting in North America since Stanley McCandless invented naturalistic forty-five-degree/forty-five-degree area lighting in the 1930s.1 Some seventy years later, although McCandless’s principles, originally articulated for the new theatre at Yale in 1926, have been extended to apply to Broadway, thrust and other stages, lighting design discourse and training still tend to privilege naturalism, the construction of unified psychological “character” as the basic unit of theatrical representation and the construction of actors as the “to-be-looked-at” objects of an audience’s voyeuristic or consumerist gaze.2 Meanwhile, standard theatrical processes and hierarchies in the professional theatre continue to construct lighting as a primarily service industry, providing illumination, atmosphere and decoration long after what is understood to be the valuable conceptual and creative work on a given production has been done.
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Spooner, N. A., D. G. Questiaux, and M. J. Aitken. "The use of sodium lamps for low-intensity laboratory safelighting for optical dating." Ancient TL 18, no. 2 (2000): 45–49. https://doi.org/10.26034/la.atl.2000.321.
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The choice of laboratory illumination for use with optical dating samples involves a compromise between minimising the unwanted bleaching of light-sensitive signals while providing sufficient visibility to allow efficient and safe workplace practice. Described here is a laboratory safelight fulfilling these requirements. The safelight module consists of a low-pressure sodium vapour lamp enclosed within a filtered and shuttered housing, and provides lowintensity (< 1 µW/cm2) yellow-orange light, predominantly from the well-known 589.0 and 589.6 nm sodium D-lines.
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Kim, Jin-Woo. "Dental microscope in Nonsurgical Endodontics." Journal of The Korean Dental Association 51, no. 10 (2013): 556–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22974/jkda.2013.51.10.003.
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Modern endodontics has essentially changed following the introduction of the dental microscope since 1990's. One of main advantage of using dental microscope in nonsurgical endodontic treatment is enhancing clinician's ability and quality of treatment through illumination and magnification. Scopes of dental microscope in nonsurgical endodontics are finding a missed or additional root canal and a tooth crack, management of procedural errors, and others. These improvements in technology will result in greater confidence in treatment and better success in clinical practice.