Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Illusion dans la littérature'
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Kim, Sun-Yi. "Illusion et réalité dans le théâtre de Molière." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030162.
Full textQUEINNEC, COLAS PIERRETTE. "Rêve et illusion dans le théâtre de Molière." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070079.
Full textChahadeh, Nassib. "Illusion et désillusion : la passion et la sensibilité chez l'abbé Prévost." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20039.
Full textThis study deals with sensitivity and love passion patterns in Prévost'works. It mainly enhances the sincere or affected aspects of a life that is as ambiguous as trouble-shooting, as regards its involvements in the writer's creation. Prévost's heroes are uncommon beacause they have an affective capacity which proves to be a moral criterion and a distinctive privilege. However, illusion quickly vanishes. Morality differs from its usual standards to correspond to what people want. Pleasure has the upper hand over moral configurations. Love, that wanderfully arises in the human heart, gradually moves into a kind of selfishness and submission. From this point of view, the myth of unique love does not seem absolutely separated from material considerations, and consequently disillusion becomes inevitable. For Prévost's heroes, the failure is responsibility of others. Their eloquence serves their most suspect interests. This study is meant to emphasize human contradictions, to fell the weight of imposture and hypocrisy and to go beyond the first impression given by Prévost's novels
Poulet, Regis. "L'Orient, généalogie d'une illusion." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO31013.
Full textVernay, Jean-François. "Illusion et réalité dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Christopher John Koch." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20068.
Full textBorn in Tasmania, Christopher John Koch is a novelist who questions the world around him. Koch's opus does not only fall within a universal stream, it is also a production which stands on its own - built like a puzzle with distinct pieces; an opus which distinguishes itself by its hybridity and Australianness. Through fiction, Koch explores other genres (the fairy tale, drama, poetry) to the point of producing works which challenge classification. Despite the constant renewal of his settings for action, one notices the presence of a main thread which runs through his fiction: the antipodean and ambiguous relationship between illusion (the double, the fantastic element, dreams, image, imagination, the supernatural, esotericism, tales, drama, myths, les superstitions, the irrational) and reality (realism, naturalism, the Schlüsselroman, verisimilitude, existentialism, identity, History, reality-testing)
Roux, Valerie. "Le rêve dans l’œuvre de J.-K. Huysman." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20091.
Full textDreaming is one of the well-known themes of Huysmans’ work. It has been well studied as far as Against nature or En Rade are concerned. However, since his earliest writings, Huysmans has presented dreamers who attempt to be somebody else or try to be somewhere else. When writing sketches and art criticism, he takes an interest in different possibilities or assumptions and abandons what he sees to explore virtuality. His conversion does not put an end to this interest, but emphasizes the rejection of the world and the temptation of the beyond. Thus the dream is not a parenthesis in narrow lives, it is also a way of writing. Huysmans’ attention is focused on what springs up: dreams in the heart of sleep but also the fantastic side of everyday life, memories coming back, and the mysterious aspects of what is already called the unconscious. The purpose of this study is to detect, in a synchronic perspective, the presence of dreams in his work and to consider what form they can take. It also wants to show how dreaming is included in the narrative and to evaluate what it brings to novels which reject the romanesque. However, we will be careful not to show Huysmans as an idealist: his work is strongly influenced by naturalism and constantly claims his rejection of a colourless or sentimental style of writing. The desire to “substitute the vision of a reality for the reality itself” (Against nature) is faced with a permanent will to destroy simulacra, to prevent the characters from escaping the real world. Huysmans’ doctrine of spiritual naturalism allows him to reconcile these two requirements and set him as a forerunner of the modern novel
PARK, DONG-JOON. "L'illusion et le double des personnages dans l'oeuvre theatrale de jean cocteau." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT3029.
Full textThe analysis of jean cocteau's dramatic art from the themes of illusion and the double of characters forms the subject-matter of this thesis. His characters lay bare the obvious or virtual presence of four ethological elements (ethological since they broach the characterization of his dramatis personal): the heros, the society in which he lives, the author and his readers. Studying cocteau and his dramatic art means, above all, trying to understand his poetic calling and the universe he sets out in his plays. By introducing mythical and legendary elements, he depicts a life in which time and space take another dimension. In such a universe, he thinks that the world is run by two contradictory forces, the unpoetic and poetic forces, and that life is an endless quest of reality. In cocteau's theatrical works, illusion is a phenomenon caused by his characters' inability to reach the primitive world, the false value and human conditions, as they fear fate and what is finite, collective and divine. In the author's mind, the double of a character is nothing but anther figure generated by this illusion. These themes are dealt with throughout his texts which bring about what we could call a source of energy due to the dramatic development of each play. An emphasis is laid on the existence of the poetic world and the possibility to approach it, provided that illusion is eluded and the double abandoned, after finding back one'own equilibrium. Thus, the themes of illusion and the double defining both cocteau's universe and cocteau's characters enables us to approach and understand his dramatic art together with his purposes towards his readers
Guerreiro, Emmanuelle. "Réalité et fiction dans l'univers romanesque de José Saramago : étude des œuvres Levantado do Chao et O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20031.
Full textThis Doctoral Thesis, entirely devoted to two novels by José Saramago which fictionalised the period of the Salazar regime. – Levantado do Chão and O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis -, seeks to explore the complex relationship that exists between reality and fiction as well as shed light on the numerous modes of the fictional representation of the real contained within these literary works. The first part of this dissertation focuses on the author’s biography and on his literary ‘path' or evolution. It highlights the thematic and stylistic characteristics of his work, exploring the notions and conceptions of time, history and man that lie at its very heart. The second part is an analysis of Levantado do Chão. This novel about Portuguese rural life in Alentejo is characterised by its neo-realist overtones, its Marxist-influenced vision of history as well as its highly symbolical and epic dimensions. It is also to be regarded as the first expression of Saramago's distinctive literary voice. The third part examines the mechanisms which led to the completion of O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis, a novel which has Fernando Pessoa's heteronym wander through 1936 Lisbon. As well as analysing the novel, this final part of the Thesis includes the edition and critical study of an unpublished written diary by the author which served as a backbone to the book. The novelist's efforts at writing and rewriting his text, which revolved around his use of some original 1936 newspapers, are especially dwelt upon. It thereunto appears that the main aspects of the literary reconstruction of reality in the novel are the complexity of the history, elements of the Fantastic genre and intertextuality
Gamisans, Pierre. "Évolution de l'écriture et illusion référentielle dans l'œuvre romanesque de Mercè Rodoreda (1909-1983)." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040074.
Full textThe production of the Catalan novelist Mercè Rodoreda (1909-1983) is composed of two essential times that take place respectively before and after the Spanish war (1936-1939). The separation is not only chronological; it indicates a break, because the authoress has rejected her production previous to 1939, which is composed of five novels that do not appear in her complete works except for "Aloma". Nevertheless it is not the version written in 1936, but a new version made in 1968. The two versions are practically identical as to the content but the form (vocabulary, morphology, syntax) is different. The second version of "Aloma" take place after the publication of the works that have been the best-sellers of M. Rodoreda, notably "la placa del diamant"(1962). The comparative study of the two texts shows that the language of the second version is far commoner and close to the oral language; this "orality" of the narration contributes with other elements (tense, articles,. . . ) to creating in the texts the illusion of the reality
Arsac, Marie. "Les prismes de l'illusion dans l'oeuvre d'Alessandro Baricco." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3065.
Full textThis thesis intends to study the aspects of the relationship between literature, illusion and meaning in Alessandro Baricco’s corpus, including both essays and novels. We take interest in his collections, from Barnum (1995) to Una certa idea di mondo (2013), as well as his essays such Next or I barbari (2002 and 2008) and his novels from Castelli di rabbia (1991) to La Sposa giovane (2015) – which can be analyzed in various manners, stylistically, thematically, in detail or partially according to the argumentation’s needs. Given the extent of the subject, raising as many philosophical problems as semiotic questions, the study is focused on the dialectic between illusion of (the) reality and fictional truth, through several prisms. We traverse this way the illusions of postmodernity, as a new cultural and literary era, the reassessment of the referential illusion, especially through the figural aspect, that is the exemplary nature of baricchiens characters. Symptomatic of the tension between fiction and reality, they carry themselves themes relating to the illusion, such as desire, dream, the idea of fate. They will enable us to open reflection on the influence, resistance, even the subversion of a narrative voice that responds to reality, contests it or diffracts it until the emergence of another significance
Emery-Fusero, Sandra. "Les résurrections de Théophile Gautier : amour et étrangeté, l'illusion fantastique." Grenoble 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE39008.
Full textTher, Céline. "La Magie dans l’oeuvre romanesque de Romain Gary et Emile Ajar." Thesis, Avignon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AVIG1081/document.
Full textFrom the novel entitled "The Enchanters", written under the name of Romain Gary - the point of origin of the author Emile Ajar - to the last novels signed Emile Ajar, the question of literary creation is the main outline of Romain Gary's works. The study of magic in the romantic works of Romain Gary and Emile Ajar is thus directed towards the theme of fidelity in fiction within the novel. In the first part of the dissertation, faith is scrutinized with the help of a travelling showman through "The Enchanters". In the second, the assumed new identity of Ajar, breaking the barriers of the sole biological identity, implies esthetical and literary changes. These metamorphoses permit the analysis of the author's relation with existence and expression at a moment when literary creation has a metaphysical implication and, in addition, the relation of the writer with a disillusioned 20th century
McNeil, Arteau Guillaume. "La carrière journalistique dans Illusions perdues : dépense énergétique et désordre social." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26161/26161.pdf.
Full textLainé-Forrest, Eléonore. "Les notions de temps et d'espace dans l'ecriture styronienne : la faille temporelle de l'existence." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030042.
Full textThis work examines the way Styronian writing highlights the temporal gap of existence. Using the mode of analysis defined by narratology, it begins by studying the variations of time and space that are created by Styronian analepses. Then, it shows how those variations allow the reader to go beyond the referential illusion of the story to discover the operative universe of the Styronian narrative. Finally, it reveals how the latter is constructed on the ever-changing dramas staged in the theatre of human experience. Then, referring to the theories of psychoanalysis and more particularly of Lacanian psychoanalysis, this work explores how Styronian novels disclose the temporal aporia in which man evolves. It also shows the way they describe the effect of this aporia, the Other in man, then man himself often preferring to ignore the Name-of-the-Father so as not to hear the primordial law of existence. The last part of this research examines the way Styronian novels enter the field of history. It starts by highlighting the ternary movement that both the historical narrative and the fictional narrative of William Styron adopt to construct themselves, and shows that the latter proceeds from a work of significance and not of “representance”. Then, it analyses how William Styron describes men preferring memorization to re-memorization thus creating oblivion in their souls. To conclude, it reveals the part this author offers fictional writing to play as a remedy for historical oblivion as well as for its destructive consequences
Hromadova-Quint, Céline. "Les romans de Françoise Sagan : sincérité et faux-semblants." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030094.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to Françoise Sagan’s novels dealing with their links with illusion and make-believe. Firstly, our work consists in setting the writer in her time, the post-war era, through notions of commitment, absurdity or melancholy. The author anticipates or contributes to attitudes and customs’ evolution by reconsidering women’s place in society and by advocating more freedom. Secondly, the monography analyses the sentimental dimension of Françoise Sagan’s novels. Disenchanted love representation is sustained by a feminine and poetic writing. Finally, the thesis focuses on the omnipresent use of irony in satire, parody or self-mockery form. Sagan caricatures her own “little world” and also keeps a distant posture as regard the reader, literature and herself
Picco, Frédéric. "Les Maîtres de l'illusion dans l'oeuvre de Sophocle : étude sur l'influence de la sophistique dans "Ajax", "Les Trachiniennes", "Electre" et "Philoctète"." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100206.
Full textThe aim of this work is to show how an influence of sophistry upon the theatre of sophocles can be felt. Too often critics have thought that euripides alone was inspired by the reflexions of the sophists. But if one studies the problem of truth, falsehood and deceit in sophocles, then one notes that his tragedies set the problem of likelihood and illusion. Besides, it is clear that sophocles always shows the consequences of deceit, a point that distinguishes him from euripides. Our analysis is based upon four tragedies: ajax, the trachiniae, electra, and philoctetes
Georges-Metral, Alice de. "Les illusions de l'écriture ou La crise de la représentation dans l'œuvre romanesque de Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE2004.
Full textJules Barbey d'Aurevilly's works leave the same feeling, that of a type of writing which, in various forms, refuses to provide the key to unlock its meaning. In his eyes, the 19th century is a time of ideological aberrations in which republican ideals flourish. Stemming from the Revolution which questioned the notion of the sacred, the contemporary world seems to him a period dragging all the foundations of its meaning. The century oscillates between straying and vacuity. Those two interpretations of History give fictional writing two major configurations. The first one is the reversal of the reader's expectations, created by the text but always disappointed; the second one is the highlighting of an absence. Both can be found at the level of the insertion of moral values in the stories. Then, the generic identities, the narrative structures, and the descriptions are unbuilt by the text. Finally, at the heart of syntax and stylistic devices, the games of deconstruction and evading return to the very source of the novelistic production so that, in an irrevocable way, the writing becomes illusion
Turner-Ducassé, Milagro. "Spectacles fashioned with such perspective art : jeux d'optique dans l'oeuvre dramatique de John Webster." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20068.
Full textCliche, Marie-Ève. "Illusion et rhétorique de la folie comique entre 1630 et 1650 : le discours des mythomanes et des monomaniaques dans Le Menteur de Pierre Corneille, Les Visionnaires de Jean Desmarets de Saint-Sorlin et Polyandre de Charles Sorel." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28422/28422.pdf.
Full textPoulet, Françoise. "L'extravagance : enjeux critiques des représentations d'une notion dans le théâtre et le roman du XVIIe siècle (1623-1666)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT5020/document.
Full textThe purpose of our research is to define extravagance by looking at this notion in context when it experienced its first literary successes, that is from 1623 (with L'Histoire comique de Francion by Sorel) to 1666 (Le Misanthrope by Molière and Le Roman bourgeois by Furetière). We therefore aim at showing how it illustrated sociocultural, literary and esthetical issues in the early seventeenth century. Our research is carried along pluridisciplinary lines: extravagance deals at the same time with medicine, the history of cures and the imprisonment of the insane and the philosophical question of reversible links between madness and wisdom, and this is why I am studying these fields while analysing literary representations of madness. The extravagant's disorder disturbs his imagination without really impairing his understanding. Uncontrolled knowledge and noxious readings, which are often novels, are responsible for his madness. Unlike the fool, his mind is not empty, but it blurs the way in which he perceives the world. Such mental confusion also makes him move away from accepted social behaviours. As opposed to the model of the honest man as defined by treatises of courtesy, the extravagant man cannot abide by proprieties and polite codes. This perspective leads me to formulate a new interpretation of the comic characters we can find in comedies and comic novels from the 1620-1660 era, such as the braggart, the pedant, the countryman, and so on
Mcneil, Arteau Guillaume. "La carrière journalistique dans Illusions perdues : dépense énergétique et désordre social." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20762.
Full textDauguet, Sébastien. "L'écriture de Michael Ondaatje, ou les illusions romantiques au feu du réel : de l'appréhension du manque dans l'autre à la prise en compte d'un savoir sur la jouissance." Rennes 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN20008.
Full textMichael Ondaatje is now regarded as a major writer by readers and critics alike. Nevertheless, most of the analyses on his work have rather contributed to masking its complexity and its real interest. They have usually attempted to confirm the logic of the discourse held by the author on his literary production and to reassert the power of myth to reinscribe meaning into human existence. This study will rather focus on the discrepancies within Ondaatje’s writing and on the inconsistencies of the romantic surface of the texts as they reveal a more subversive outlook on our contemporary epistemological context. Largely based on the teachings of psychoanalysis at a time when ideals collapse and scientific knowledge becomes all-pervasive, it will tackle the latent intuitions that are developed within the texts since they expose the nothingness that underlies the order of language and the gap of desire that governs the divided subject of the unconscious. It will therefore enlighten the use of words by a writer deeply shaken by the horrors of the twentieth century and concerned about a possible deregulation of jouissance. Torn between an improbable quest for the Other and a frustrated longing for new anchorage, Michael Ondaatje’s aesthetics reflects the inner conflicts of a writer divided between his Sri Lankan origin and the West where he now lives. His works also highlight the weight of the real and resist any form of reading that only refers to its so-called postmodernism
Izarra, Salomon de. "L'écriture de l'enfermement : de la narration de de l'incarcération aux perspectives et illusions d'évasion et de métamorphose." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2020/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to analyze caracteristics of a metamorphosis in the prison literature, by the analysis of works by Jean Genet, Victor Hugo, Jack London and Oscar Wilde. Therefore, it consists in highlighting the different stages of this processus, of understanding its causes and consequences. We focus on the history of prison systems in California, England and France, then to the clichés, which are numerous into the prison literature. Then we look at the causes of the metamorphosis through the mischiefs of prison and the answer accordingly of the detainees. Finally, our last part concerns the unexpected aspects of the imprisonment, and the difficult return to civil life
Guionnet, Catherine. "Le mystère et le fantastique au service du bien dans l’œuvre romanesque d’Iris Murdoch : The Bell, A Severed Head, The Italian Girl, Bruno’s Dream et Jackson’s Dilemma." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040080.
Full textA number of reviewers have dealt with the fantastic character of Iris Murdoch’s novels, others have mentioned the Good. In this study we have aimed at linking both notions to show, in five of her novels: A Severed Head, The Bell, The Italian Girl, Bruno’s Dream and Jackson’s Dilemma, that through the ‘Fantastic’ Iris Murdoch leads her reader on the way to the “Good”.In the first part, after giving a definition of the word ‘fantastic’ we have selected all the elements that point towards the fantastic features in Iris Murdoch’s writings. Starting with the optical illusion, we have shown that the ‘Fantastic’ originates from a break in reality which gives birth to fear, doubt, dream and madness. We have then analyzed the symbols that characterize the genre. In the second part, we have examined the role of the reader in Iris Murdoch’s novels and we have tried to understand in what way the ‘Fantastic’ could influence readers. In the last part we have shown that Iris Murdoch relies on the “Fantastic” and the unexplainable aspect of human beings to lead her reader on the way to the “Good”. Contingency- that is admitting that not everything can have an explanation- which Iris Murdoch sees as of paramount importance, forces the reader to realize that he cannot master his destiny. Therefore the reader cannot do anything other than let go and stop putting forward a blind ego. He or she then becomes a humble man, able to feel an altruistic love that will take him or her on the way to the Good in which death, love and literature are connected
Seurat, Alexandre. "Le roman du délire. Hallucinations et délires dans le roman européen [années 1920-1940]." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030131.
Full textThis study highlights the role of the representation of delirium in the transformation of the European novel between the 1920s and the 1940s. Of central importance are the hallucinatory and delirious episodes that punctuate the narration in several major novels in English [chapter 15 of Ulysses of James Joyce and Mrs Dalloway of Virginia Woolf], German [Die Blendung of Elias Canetti, Berlin Alexanderplatz of Alfred Döblin and Steppenwolf of Hermann Hesse] and French [Journey to the end of night, Death on the installment plan, Guignol’s band of Louis-Ferdinand Céline and Moravagine of Blaise Cendrars]. Delirium is an issue in these years because it can no longer be easily defined: the line between reality and delirium has become blurred. In some novels, the proliferation of delirium is so prevalent that it destabilizes the narration itself, inviting the reader to interpret the whole story as the result of delirium. This transformation is doubtless linked to the revolution of psychopathology that deeply affects the period: the novelists know, often well, the methods of psychiatric observation and follow closely psychoanalysis, which by this time was well established. But fictional delirium eludes purely medical readings: composed of heterogeneous and sometimes impossible elements, submitted to unpredictable and puzzling changes, it resists a singular explanation, and serves as a window into the troubles of the time. By breaching the boundary between fiction and reality, fictional delirium becomes a political space where the novel puts into question its own powers
Joseph, Charles. "Etre et écrire (de) Los Angeles : Wanda Coleman." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA3004/document.
Full textThis study aims at shedding some new light upon the many correlations existing between the Los Angeles cityspace and Wanda Coleman’s writings. As an African American woman born in Watts, Los Angeles in 1946, Coleman is the author of a significant literary oeuvre. Whether regarding the urban evolution and construction of the city, its ethnic composition, its socioeconomic conditions or its cultural development, the megalopolis can be read explicitly and implicitly throughout the author’s work, which started in 1979 and ended with the posthumous co-publication of The Love Project in 2014.Post World War II Los Angeles and the great mutations that the territory has been undergoing are, for Coleman, an unending source of material that are both motivating her writing and influencing her craft. The privileged witness of a city under the firm grasp of postmodern ideology of which Los Angeles seems to be the epicenter, Coleman’s work shows the ever-growing gap between an everyday life that is getting more and more brutal and an idealized imagery of the city that imposes itself as the American Way of Life par excellence. That unreachable goal for a disadvantaged and disenfranchised portion of society (about to become the majority of the Los Angeles population), is projected in a perpetual renewal of the American Dream, maintained within reaching distance, as an obscene strategy serving social appeasement. Wanda Coleman thus intends to unsettle an illusion that has been perpetrated and widely distributed through and by Hollywood whose influences, in a mass-media transmission era, cannot be under-estimated. Because she has been able to consider and apprehend the overall dehumanizing process for as long as she can remember, that Coleman is able to assess the import of her art and thus sets its objectives: to rehumanize the dehumanized
Welch, Simon. "Regard, leurre, illusion et lacune dans les dispositifs optiques." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20030.
Full textGaze, lure, illusion and lacuna in optical apparatus explores the way in which our vision of our environment and of ourselves is channelled and transformed by optical devices. Based on observations arising from my own artistic practice, questions are addressed concerning the way in which such apparatus turn the viewer into a representation during this process the viewer is lured by the lacunary nature of the apparatus itself into a complicity with the art object that permits the operation of an illusion. This text examines the manner in which different viewpoints are articulated to create specific types of illusions which are then analysed in terms of the concepts of identification and the mirror stage. In addition, contrasting tropes, such as the landscape, the garden, labyrinth, and the city, are employed to examine the process by which particular sites become historical palimpsests and depositories of memory. The link between collective memory and personal memory is examined as well as the manifestation of failures of memory (voluntary or not) in both cases. At the same time, the circular nature of the site of memory is compared with the temporal aspect of art video. The specific function of the screen as a support of illusion is also considered. The use of split and multiple screens in contemporary art installations is traced back to the early days of experimental cinema and examined in relation to ancient beliefs concerning the double ang their contemporary equivalents. The double aspect of optical apparatus themselves is studied in terms of the articulation of physical and psychological lacunae. The relative objectivity implied by optical apparatus is evoked in order to analyse the connotations of spectatorship and display in different domains
Kouassi, Yao Raphaël. "Héros, jeunesse et apprentissage dans quelques romans du XIXe siècle : Chateaubriand, René, 1802 - Stendhal, Le Rouge et le Noir, 1830 - Musset, La Confession d’un enfant du siècle, 1836 - Balzac, Illusions perdues, 1837/1843 - Flaubert, L’Éducation sentimentale, Histoire d’un jeune homme, 1869." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF20020/document.
Full textThe XIXe world has features of a wide world, because it inherits ideological social philosophers lights pawning ; but therefore given rise to promises by the Revolution of 1789 who opens an era of intellectual mutations and of social evolutions beyond social political expressed tensions by a literature of which the pawning consist to make to evolve the personage, notably the youthful hero, still fond to dream in a society where everything is and remains to reconstruct, it imports to answer to a fundamental preoccupation : how to assert oneself, to build a destiny when one himself does not test myself that as an enigma, an existential preoccupation and an indisposition ? The tutorial novel of the century puts us in presence of destinies in development, of ambitions and of potentialities after fulfillment, what gives confers him all his aesthetic qualities
Laroche-Joubert, Diane. "La proximité dans la communication de l'Union européenne : réalité ou illusion ?" Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST0083.
Full textFor years, the European Union went on with its construction without encountering any real obstacle on its way. In such a context, communication somewhat consisted in providing information after any positive evolution. It seems that now, the fashion in which we design communication is no longer in accordance with nowadays’ world. Apart from euroscepticism, another enemy is appearing. It is equally important and becomes more serious everyday: disinterest. In the 1990’s, the Commission devised several strategies of communication to try and reverse the tendency. Those strategies were made up of two parts: on the one hand, they consist in seducing citizens, and on the other, to inform the public of challenges and other decisions. Since then, the European Union has noticed that its communication wasn’t enough to make up for serious handicaps which Europe suffers from. Because contradictions are piling up, lacks, as well as what we could call approximations or rough guesses: “it’s something like that, but not quite so, in fact”. Europe isn’t a democracy, let alone a nation. Is it a State? Some people think it is, but there aren’t many to think so. Without forgetting other constraints: language barriers, as well as representations and cultures specific to each country… In such a context, communication, information and discussion appear to be means to create a European identity. However, in order to reach this goal, information should circulate without problems. But for the moment this is not the case. So that they can face attacks and fill in gaps, institutions deliver speeches about values expected by the public. And today, what the public wishes for is a more democratic and comprehensible Europe, where people feel closer to each other. European institutions are well aware of new expectations and progressively built them in their speeches and actions over the years. They made theirs a notion with several versions: proximity. A polysemous notion which justifies all public actions today and strongly restrains them. You shouldn’t say general interest anylonger, but rather local general interest; you shouldn’t say citizen anylonger but rather inhabitant. It is impossible today to govern from high up without doing fieldwork. But how can Europe, so far-distant yesterday, take back this notion without any discrepancy? What advantages can there be? Since the beginning of the 2000’s, and even before that if we pay attention, not a day is spent, not a single strategy is devised without this very connection with the European citizen in the background. The Union individualizes issues, brings together, listens, takes into account different views. Altogether, Europe uses a communication of proximity. And the imperative to make communication and reality match slowly leads Europe to disrupt its mechanisms and model. But institutions clash against everlasting problems which they cannot resolve by themselves. Their ridiculous financial means prevent them from guaranteeing even a minimum circulation which could secure a minimum of reception. Speeches have changed, actions too, but not their frequency. And yet, you can only come closer full-time, not part-time
Peylet, Gérard. "LesÉvasions manquées ou les Illusions de l'artifice dans la littérature fin de siècle /." Paris : H. Champion, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35006316q.
Full textCochrane, Guylaine. "Le foisonnement dans les textes de spécialité, illusion d'optique ou réalité quantifiable?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/NQ43054.pdf.
Full textMurcia, Thierry. "Jésus dans la littérature talmudique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3076.
Full textThis study presents a survey and a systematic analysis of the passages of Talmudic literature (Mishna – Tosefta – Palestinian Talmud – Babylonian Talmud – Midrashim), relative to Jesus or are supposed to be. The documents are examined, criticized and confronted to other sources of Jewish or Christian origin (Hellenistic Jewish literature, Jewish Apocrypha, rabbinic sources, Targumim, Toledot Yeshu – New Testament, Apostolic Fathers, Church Fathers). The investigation tries to answer to several questions: - What did the rabbis exactly know about Jesus? - Has their information any historical value? - Has their perception undergone some evolution? - Did the rabbis of the Talmud have access to the Gospels as a written source? The conclusion of this thesis is that all these documents are rooted in their Sitz im leben. They obviously attest – contra Peter Schäfer (Jesus in the Talmud, 2007) – that the rabbis had no direct acquaintance with the Gospels as written documents. This study also shows, concerning the Babylonian Talmud, that all the passages relative to Jesus belong to the last editorial layer of this corpus (VIIe-VIIIe century)
Eluther, Ena. "L'africanité dans la littérature caribéenne." Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA3001.
Full textCan the africanity of caribbean cultures come down to distant survivals, or constitute the foundation of these cultures ? Literature, as a mirror of peoples, as a painting of cultures, as art, allows to perceive the cultural and literary continuity between the african continent and its caribbean diaspora. The comparison of english-speaking and french-speaking novels from the Caribbean and from West Africa and Central Africa shows common cultural features and literary topoi from one area to the other : colonial trauma, protection and adaptation of ancestral legacy, common spiritual values, linguistic problematics, paintings of resistance struggles in which the writer himself is in the frontline. This comparative study, which sometimes draws from caribbean and african oral literature, as from caribbean spanish-speaking literature, suggests that one should view the afro-caribbean cultural expressions as an extension of african cultural expressions, offering in this way a large panorama of the cultural and literary black world. From 1921 to the early years 2000, this analysis takes into account the changes of african and caribbean literatures and the societies they represent. Have the changes definitively broken the african civilizational unity, the cultural links between Africa and the Americas ? On the contrary, the reading of the novels of the corpus shows an homogeneous and coherent picture of cultural and literary expressions of Africa and its caribbean diaspora, so doing putting Africa back into the center of caribbean culture
Thevenon, Marie. "Les "avatars du moi" chez Paul Auster : autofiction et métafiction dans les romans de la maturité." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843663.
Full textCouture, Maude. "Les romans de l'écrivain-journaliste d'Illusions perdues à Bel-Ami : continuités et ruptures." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26093.
Full textCally, Jean William. "LA BÊTE DANS LA LITTÉRATURE FANTASTIQUE." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457638.
Full textDiop, Alioune. "L'imaginaire animalier dans la littérature arabe." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040180.
Full textDubreuil, Philippe. "Les injures dans la littérature latine." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1069.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the research of the contribution of the antique latin abusive literary practise to the social complexity and to the imaginative world. The thesis develops, in three distinct parts, a statistical, linguistic, literary and sociological study of the abusive terms in all the literary genres (125 texts and 50 authors) from IIIrd century BC to the fell of Rome in 475. It includes : - Abuses and Latin language (Volume I). Through a corpus of 1370 words and 2344 quotations, the author studies the different types of abusive words, their origins, constructions, senses and how they are employed in the latin sentences. - Abuses and latin literature (Volumes II and III). The author lists the uses (frequency and density) of abusive terms in theatre, in speeches, in poetry and in prose (philosophical or political studies, novels, correspondence. . . ). He studies the role and the functions of abuses in the texts and the connection they have with poetry, rhetoric and eloquence. - Abuses and antique roman Society (Volume IV) where is analyzed the social field of abuses according to the social groups, the Men/Women relations and the different forms of the practice of abusing naming. A special chapter is devoted to the antique roman imaginative world of abuses. The conclusion is about the civilizing role of abuses as welle in the antique Rome as in our collective unconscious. The corpus of words and quotations is detailed in a lexicon Latin-French and an index French-Latin (tome V). The lexicon is also available in. Pdf format as a CD-Rom
Benachir, Hynde. "Le "haiku" dans la littérature hispanique." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30036/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is set at a crossroads between linguistics and literature since it is about the haiku in Hispanic literature, which we aim to characterize as a poetic form in the Spanish-speaking literary context and as a "prototype" of the brief from the perspective of its discursive and enunciative terms. Traditionally associated with Japanese culture, in which it takes root, the haiku is one of the shortest poetic forms in the world. With its seventeen syllables in all, it compels to the greatest thoroughness in the choice of words, a concise expression and a "condensation" of the meaning that make it a succint poem, often to be pondered after reading. Neither verse nor rhyme are part of the metrical constraints of the Japanese haiku. Its aesthetics, influenced by Zen Buddhism, aims to be contemplative, supported by the subjectivity of the poetic voice, which appears as a "witness of the world", only transposing facts that are sometimes "unimportant", often trivial, yet nonetheless a part of any person's daily life. In Western poetry, the haiku has no equivalent, owing as much to its brevity as to its "puristic" aesthetics. However, it should be noted that it is strongly represented in contemporary Hispanic literature. Neither the Orientalism from the beginning of the XXth century nor the poetic re-assessments started by the Modernists and carried on by the Avant-Garde movements are enough to explain this enthusiasm of the Spanish-speaking poets for this Japanese poem. Indeed, Hispanic literature took hold of this literary phenomenon as soon as the first translations of Japanese anthologies were published, in the 1910s. There is, however, no linguistic connection between the haiku and Spanish-speaking poets. Nevertheless, the first collections of haikus also date back to the 1910s, which indicates that there was no latency between the appearance of the haiku and its adaptation into Spanish. Starting from these observations, we attempted, through a multi-focal approach notably based on literal analysis, to retrace this poetic form's literary and linguistic path, from the Japanese rice paper rolls to the so-called "Hispanic" haiku
Vincent, Manon. "Les animaux dans la littérature hellénistique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040225.
Full textOur study focuses on animals in Hellenistic literature. We deliberately chose to work on a large text corpus in order to highlight the multiple representations of the animal appearing in the texts of the period. The first part of this study is devoted to animal imagery through which the authors describe the characters and human qualities, exposing, to a lesser extent, the analogue relationship between animals. The second part aims to show existing relationships, symbolic or real, between man and animal. The staging of the animals in the story reflects thepractices and ways of thinking of the Hellenistic society towards the animal. The last part of this study presents the attempts to objectify the behaviours and qualities of the animal. In that sense, it shows the rise of philosophical schools and sciences of the period by the philosophical and didactic approach to animal nature. In texts, Hellenistic thought reveals the continual tension between belief and knowledge, between cultural representations and "scientific data" of the animal. If the authors conceive man as belonging to the animal biological continuum, they stand out by the assertion of their superiority in an intellective perspective
Gamisans, Pierre. "Evolution de l'écriture et illusion-référentielle dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Merce Rodoreda (1909-1983)." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376137754.
Full textQuilhot-Gesseaume, Brigitte. "Les représentations de la littérature étrangère dans l'enseignement de littérature des lycées." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10072.
Full textMoreau, Denis. "Fantastique et métafiction : Procédés et enjeux métafictionnels au sein des textes à effets de fantastique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3047.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of metafictional techniques and stakes in Fantastic literature. Intertextual references, autorepresentation, aesthetic distance, story within a story, metalepsis : this techniques draw attention to the text's fictionality. On the other hand, we will see how metafictionality can be considered as inherent to the fantastic fiction, understand here as a mode of representation
Levassort, Laurent. "La femme dans la littérature fantastique contemporaine." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100166.
Full textLouviot, Myriam. "Poétique de l'hybridité dans les littératures postcoloniales." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/LOUVIOT_Myriam_2010.pdf.
Full textSince the 80s, the postcolonial literatures have been raising increasing interest. Through a corpus of francophone and anglophone novels (from Chamoiseau, Condé, Kourouma, Waberi, Naipaul, Okri, Roy and Rushdie), this study intend to give a clear definition of the notion of hybridity, which is often associated to these literatures. Then, it analyses the way this hybridity is expressed in the novels and tries to show in which way it inscribes itself in an identity strategy. Postcolonial novels, with their diverse and sometimes contradictory heritage, are born on shaky ground, especially as their intended audience is often complex and as they often depend on recognition from Europe. They are peripheral literatures, whose place and legitimacy are not guaranteed. As such, they need to specify their context of enunciation all the more carefully and to develop a very specific scenography. It appears that these literatures rely on an ethos of loss, which is certainly felt as a suffering, but also as liberating. The hybrid also questions the notion of belonging. Embodiment of many identity aporias, it forces to think anew the traditional references. Finally, hybrid discourse, pervaded by perpetual negociation, sets itself up to be a new discourse, the reflection of the today’s changing world. Rather than to represent the identity crisis exclusively as the unhappy condition of the postcolonial individual, the postcolonial literatures turn it into a privileged position from which to elaborate new ways to be in the world
Moussa, Souleiman Obsieh. "L'oralité dans la littérature de la Corne de l'Afrique : traditions orales, formes et mythologies de la littérature pastorale, marques de l'oralité dans la littérature." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796155.
Full textObsieh, Moussa Souleiman. "L'oralité dans la littérature de la Corne de l'Afrique : traditions orales, formes et mythologies de la littérature pastorale, marques de l'oralité dans la littérature." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL016/document.
Full textThe Horn of Africa has a traditional oral literature which is rich and varied as the rest of the continent, starting from pastoral mythology to poetry, legend and storytelling. But with the social upheaval which occurred with the arrival of European settlers and the introduction of writing, the chain of transmission of the oral tradition is threatened. Many Europeans have sought to describe the habits and customs of these people. Whereas on the other hand, the writers from the Horn of Africa are often inspired by giving it (orality) and a new way of doing it. The following research work strives to reflect traditional forms of orality and their impact on modern literature
Lévesque, Geneviève. "Une écriture à l'oeuvre dans Malicroix d'Henri Bosco." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27043/27043.pdf.
Full textThis thesis schematizes, in Malicroix by Henri Bosco, the process that presides to the writing of the novel itself. Using a poietic approach, we consider the text as a writer’s poetic that takes a fictional form. A phenomenological perspective allows us to study the novel from the point of view of perception, and mythocritique enables us to reflect on the perception of the world – especially the world of the text – through the angle of the sacred and its symbols. Reconstructing the horizontal and vertical structures of the novel, we reflect on diverse aspects of the text and of the scriptural process. The reading horizon constitutes the first chapter of our thesis and offers a triple view on the novel: the story and the characters, the spatiotemporal context and the mythical point of view. In the second chapter are elaborated two central notions, the figures and the chronotopes. Two groups of figures emerge, one associated with the writer as creator of the text and the other, with the process of expression. The figures play distinct roles in the conception and expression and are represented in Malicroix by way of the characters. The chronotopes study divides the novel in eleven times-spaces that constitute the basis of the figures’ progression through the text. The third chapter details how the figures cross the chronotopes’ series, drawing the scriptural route inscribed in eleven successive situations in the text. The last chapter contains two parts. The first examines the writer’s poetic that Bosco published under the title « L’exaltation et l’amplitude ». The second, which constitutes the final objective of our study, integrates the elements of this writer’s poetic in the eleven successive situations, producing a description of the stages of the scriptural process followed by Bosco while writing Malicroix.
Closson, Marianne. "L'imaginaire démoniaque dans la littérature française (1550-1650) : genèse de la littérature fantastique." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100157.
Full textLéontaridou, Théodora. "Le mythe troyen dans la littérature française." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030013.
Full textFrom the 16th Century until the 20th, le troyan myth emerges in a variety of forms in French literature with famous or less known works but of equal significance as they convey the climate and the spirit of an era. The reason why all of these writers go into mythology could be partly explained by the imitation of ancients applied to the French letters of the 16th and 17th centuries. How this material is transformed, what the writers are expressing through the legends and the myths, which is the relationship of the transformed materiel with the initial, are some of the questions that this research is requested to explore. During the period of the Absolutism in which the freedom of expression is limited, the myth is proved to be a secure means which offers the security of the distance, the suitable frame and the flexibility of the mythological material which are processed by the creators. It becomes the vehicle of doubt and criticism of various grades against authority. The end of this political period removes from the myth this function. But it doesn’t stop its use in literature and the theater. This is because the myth is capable of putting again questions for the vital causes which deal with the human race, such as the woman, the war, the xenophobia