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Hider, Sam, Mei Wong, Miren Ortiz, Ammo Dulku, and Diarmuid Mulherin. "Does a regular exercise program for ankylosing spondylitis influence body image?" Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 31, no. 3 (May 10, 2002): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713798356.
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Hider, Sam, Mei Wong, Miren Ortiz, Ammo Dulku, and Diarmuid Mulherin. "Does a regular exercise program for ankylosing spondylitis influence body image?" Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 31, no. 3 (January 2002): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/rhe.31.3.168.171.
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Voelker, Dana K., and Justine J. Reel. "An Inductive Thematic Analysis of Male Competitive Figure Skaters’ Experiences of Weight Pressure in Sport." Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 614–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2018-0045.
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The purpose of this qualitative investigation was to examine male competitive figure skaters’ experiences of weight pressure in sport. Specifically, male skaters’ perceptions of the ideal skating body, sources of weight pressure in elite figure skating, and the perceived role of their sport in shaping body image, athletic performance, eating, and exercise behaviors were explored. Through a social constructivist lens, an inductive thematic analysis was used to examine the contextual influences of the skating environment. Thirteen male figure skaters ages 16–24 (M = 18.53, SD = 3.33) with an average 10.38 years of skating experience (SD = 4.05) were interviewed. Skaters identified the parameters for the ideal body in skating along with specific weight pressures, body image concerns, and weight management strategies. Similar to female skaters, male skaters perceived that body image affected psychological factors that influence sport performance. Sport psychologists and consultants should be attentive to the skating environment and how specific performance and appearance demands may influence an athlete’s mindset.
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Hall, Eric E., Seanna A. Baird, Danielle N. Gilbert, Paul C. Miller, and Walter R. Bixby. "Viewing television shows containing ideal and neutral body images while exercising: Does type of body image content influence exercise performance and body image in women?" Journal of Health Psychology 16, no. 6 (March 25, 2011): 938–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105310396394.
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Dobbelstein, Thomas, and Ole Renzing. "Regional Anchoring as a Selection Criterion for Compulsory Health Insurance." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 1, no. 3 (July 2012): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2012070105.
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If consumers do not have access to all relevant information for the purchase decision process and/or if it is necessary to reduce a massive amount of information, consumers base their often simplified buying decision on key data. The paper shows the cognitive and affective importance of regional anchoring as a key information factor in selecting a form of compulsory health insurance (CHI). The perceived regional anchoring of a CHI has a positive influence on the overall image of a CHI and on resulting customer preferences. These influences are further supported by the customer’s ethnocentricity. However, the customer’s attitude towards a region influences neither the image of a CHI nor the preference for a CHI. To influence the customer’s perceived regional anchoring of a CHI positively, the most effective marketing instruments are seminars/workshops on physical exercise options in the region, advertising with typical regional pictures, and offering a regional expert hotline.
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Sikiö, Minna, Lara C. V. Harrison, Riku Nikander, Pertti Ryymin, Prasun Dastidar, Hannu J. Eskola, and Harri Sievänen. "Influence of exercise loading on magnetic resonance image texture of thigh soft tissues." Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging 34, no. 5 (November 20, 2013): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12107.
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Greenleaf, Christy, and Alexandra M. Rodriguez. "Living in a Larger Body: Do Exercise Motives Influence Associations between Body Image and Exercise Avoidance Motivation?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010072.
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The study explored reasons for exercise as possible mediators of the relationship between body appreciation and exercise avoidance motivation and between body surveillance and exercise avoidance motivation. Using a cross-sectional design, 131 women with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 or higher completed measures of body surveillance, body appreciation, reasons for exercise, and exercise avoidance motivation. Mediation analyses indicated that appearance-oriented reasons for exercise partially mediated the body surveillance–exercise avoidance motivation relationship. Health and fitness professionals, organizations, and environments should avoid reinforcing appearance-oriented reasons for exercise. Rather, empowering exercise experiences and environments should be created as they seem to benefit women regardless of reasons for exercise.
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Liu, Hong-Yu, Chiu-Chen Chang, Diane L. Gill, Shu-Ching Wu, and Frank J. H. Lu. "Male Weight Trainers’ Body Dissatisfaction and Exercise Dependence: Mediating Role of Muscularity Drive." Psychological Reports 122, no. 6 (October 25, 2018): 2137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294118805010.
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In considering that body image-related perceptions may be associated with weight trainers’ exercise dependence, the purpose of this study was to examine the (a) relationship between body dissatisfaction and drive for muscularity and (b) drive for muscularity as a mediator of the body dissatisfaction–exercise dependence relationship. In sum, 278 male weight trainers ( Mage =29.03 years, SD = 7.83) residing in a southern city of Taiwan completed scales of body dissatisfaction, drive for muscularity, and exercise dependence. Pearson correlation analysis found that body dissatisfaction, drive for muscularity, and exercise dependence were all correlated. Further, the indirect mediation model with bootstrapping found that drive for muscularity partially mediated the body dissatisfaction–exercise dependence relationship (c path: β = .51, SE = 0.07, p=.001: c′ path: β = .13, SE = 0.80, p = .03). We concluded that male weight trainers’ body image-related perceptions influence exercise behavior and suggested that body image-related perceptions might be considered in studying exercise dependence.
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Van Puymbroeck, Marieke, Arlene Schmid, Kimberly Shinew, and Pei-Chun Hsieh. "Influence of Hatha Yoga on Physical Activity Constraints, Physical Fitness, and Body Image of Breast Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Yoga Therapy 21, no. 1 (September 1, 2011): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.21.1.n852143rv21x188u.
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Breast cancer survivors often experience changes in their perception of their bodies following surgical treatment. These changes in body image may increase self-consciousness and perceptions of physical activity constraints and reduce participation in physical activity. While the number of studies examining different types of yoga targeting women with breast cancer has increased, studies thus far have not studied the influence that Hatha yoga has on body image and physical activity constraints. The objective of this study was to explore the changes that occur in breast cancer survivors in terms of body image, perceived constraints, and physical fitness following an 8-week Hatha yoga intervention. This study used a nonrandomized two-group pilot study, comparing an 8-week Hatha yoga intervention with a light exercise group, both designed for women who were at least nine months post-treatment for breast cancer. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected in the areas of body image, physical activity constraints,and physical fitness. Findings indicated that quantitatively, yoga participants experienced reductions in physical activity constraints and improvements in lower- and upper-body strength and flexibility, while control participants experienced improvements in abdominal strength and lower-body strength. Qualitative findings support changes in body image, physical activity constraints, and physical fitness for the participants in the yoga group. In conclusion,Hatha yoga may reduce constraints to physical activity and improve fitness in breast cancer survivors. More research is needed to explore the relationship between Hatha yoga and improvements in body image.
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Cooke, Lisa, and Krista Chandler. "Examination of the Relationship Between Imagery Use, Efficacy Beliefs, and Body Image in Females." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 22, no. 1 (April 2014): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.2014-0012.
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Given the prevalence of inactivity among women, it is imperative to examine sources which may influence exercise behavior. Researchers have begun to examine the practical application of exercise imagery on involvement in physical activity (Giacobbi et al., 2003; Milne et al., 2008). Using the Applied Model of Imagery Use in Exercise (Munroe-Chandler & Gammage, 2005), imagery use, efficacy beliefs, and body image among female exercisers (N = 300) was investigated. Results revealed frequent use of exercise imagery, high efficacy beliefs, and positive body image cognitions among exercisers. Structural equation modeling revealed that efficacy beliefs did not mediate the relationship between imagery use and body image among a specific sample of female exercisers. However, the results do suggest that exercise imagery significantly predicts all four types of efficacy belief types (Efficacy Expectancy, Outcome Expectancy, Outcome Value, and Self-presentational Efficacy). Further examination of the suggested relationships in the applied model is needed.
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Zhou, Lirong. "Spiral CT Analysis of the Effect of Long-Term Heavy-Load Wrist Movement on Metacarpal Bone Structure." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2020.2942.
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In order to analyze the influence of long-term heavy-load wrist exercise on metacarpal structure based on spiral CT, the metacarpal data of five groups of long-term heavy-load wrist athletes and volunteers are compared. The measurement parameters are cancellous bone volume, cortical bone volume, cancellous bone volume percentage and cortical bone volume percentage. After three-dimensional reconstruction and three-dimensional image cutting of metacarpal CT images and comparing the measured parameters, the volume of cancellous metacarpal bone in the experimental group is larger than that in the control group, which indicates that long-term and heavy-load wrist exercise can produce stress stimulation on metacarpal bone, which can reconstruct bone tissue and change its composition.
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Hang, Joon-Ho. "A Structural Model of Image-Based and Utilitarian Decision-Making Processes for Participant Sport Consumption." Journal of Sport Management 16, no. 3 (July 2002): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.16.3.173.
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This study develops a decision-making process model for participant sport consumption that integrates self-participant image congruency (SIC), attitude, and intentions. SIC is the degree of congruency between one's self-concept and her/his participant's stereotypical image in a given context of sport or exercise involvement. Attitudes toward participation refer to an overall utilitarian evaluation of the behavior whereas intentions reflect decisions (Fishbein, 1980). A structural model is developed that incorporates SIC (as image-based evaluations) and attitudes (as utilitarian evaluations) as antecedents of intentions (as decisions) using LISREL8. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that (a) both SIC and attitudes influence one's decision to initiate sport or exercise participation in the consumption context but attitudes have greater impact than SIC, and (b) both actual and ideal self-concepts are relevant in image-based decision-making processes.
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Nogueira, Dhyego De Lima, and Alexandre Silvestre da Silva. "As Cores que nos faltam: não sobreviveremos só de verde, amarelo e azul/Brazilian political situation and Occupational Therapy performance: impacts, setbacks and challenges." Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO 3, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 462–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47222/2526-3544.rbto29870.
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A imagem retratada demonstra uma relação reflexiva entre cores da bandeira nacional, em destaque de alguns recursos terapêuticos, e influência da atual conjuntura política brasileira para Terapia Ocupacional. O atual cenário político vem se estabelecendo de cortes e mudanças circunstanciais para as políticas públicas, violações dos direitos essenciais para exercício da cidadania e guerras ideológicas, fatores, que dentre outros, põem em risco as perspectivas constitucionais de sociedade e democracia. A pergunta que centraliza a reflexão sobre a imagem é: O que esperar de uma sociedade tão diversificada restrita ao verde, amarelo e azul? AbstractThe depicted image demonstrates a reflective relationship between national flag colors, highlighting some therapeutic resources, and influence of the current Brazilian political conjuncture for Occupational Therapy. The current political scenario has been established by cuts and circumstantial changes to public policies, violations of the essential rights for the exercise of citizenship and ideological wars, factors that, among others, jeopardize the constitutional perspectives of society and democracy. The question that centralizes reflection on the image is: What to expect from such a diverse society restricted to green, yellow and blue?Keywords: Colors; Diversity; Public policy; Photography; Occupational therapy. ResumenLa imagen representada demuestra una relación reflexiva entre los colores de la bandera nacional, destacando algunos recursos terapéuticos y la influencia de la coyuntura política brasileña actual para la terapia ocupacional. El escenario político actual se ha establecido mediante recortes y cambios circunstanciales en las políticas públicas, violaciones de los derechos esenciales para el ejercicio de la ciudadanía y guerras ideológicas, factores que, entre otros, ponen en peligro las perspectivas constitucionales de la sociedad y la democracia. La pregunta que centraliza la reflexión sobre la imagen es: ¿Qué esperar de una sociedad tan diversa restringida a verde, amarillo y azul?Palavras Claves: Colores; Diversidad; Fotografia; Políticas públicas; Terapia ocupacional.
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Huddy, D. Craig, Robert L. Johnson, Michael H. Stone, Christopher M. Proulx, and Katherine A. Pierce. "Relationship between Body Image and Percent Body Fat among Male and Female College Students Enrolled in an Introductory 14-Week Weight-Training Course." Perceptual and Motor Skills 85, no. 3 (December 1997): 1075–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.85.3.1075.
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Students (39 men and 27 women) from a southern university, who were enrolled in a 14-wk. introductory weight-training course, were administered a 20-item body-image questionnaire and subsequently underwent skinfold measurements to assess percent body fat. Mean scores were correlated with percent body fat. For men, women, and both sexes combined correlations were significant and inverse ( rs = −.68, −.41, −.66, respectively). Body image as measured was inversely related to percent body fat among these college students. Researchers should examine how dietary and exercise-induced changes in adiposity (pre-post design) influence scores on body image.
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Romero Otalvaro, A. M., M. Munoz-Argel, C. Aguilar-Aruachan, and G. Padilla-Vargas Gianina. "Body image, food behavior and models esthetic in university students." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.482.
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A growing host is currently evident in young people all about sports culture where interest in body image and a strong cult of the body whose main purpose in many cases prevails is to achieve aesthetic purposes based body models of society, which may be related to an increase in risk eating behaviors and habits of excessive exercise. This research aims to examine the possible presence of three variables: eating behavior, aesthetics models and body image in male college gym users and nonusers. The variables were evaluated by applying Inventory eating disorder EDI 2, which measures the presence of symptoms associated with eating disorders. The Adonis complex Questionnaire which is used to assess the degree of concern about physical appearance and The Questionnaire Body Influences of Aesthetic Model CIMEC-40 which evaluates the internalization of cultural aesthetic ideals. The sample consists of 50 subjects, aged 18 and 24 years, students from the one University of the city of Monteria – Colombia.The results indicate that the user group show greater trend scales obsession with thinness and social insecurity than non-users, like greater influence of verbal messages regarding the cultural aesthetic models, however none of the groups expresses serious or pathological concern about body image.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Fortes, Leonardo de Sousa, Sebastião de Sousa Almeida, and Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira. "Influence of Psychological, Anthropometric and Sociodemographic Factors on the Symptoms of Eating Disorders in Young Athletes." Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) 24, no. 57 (April 2014): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272457201404.
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The aim of the current study was to analyse the influence of psychological, anthropometric and sociodemographic factors on the risk behaviours for eating disorders (ED) in young athletes. Participants were 580 adolescents of both sexes. We used the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), theBody Shape Questionnaire and the Commitment Exercise Scale to assess the risk behaviours for ED, body image dissatisfaction (BD) and the degree of psychological commitment to exercise (DPCE), respectively. Participants’ weight, height and skinfold thickness were measured. A multiple regression indicated that BD and percentage of fat significantly modulated ( p < .05) the variance of females’ EAT-26 scores, whereas BD, DPCE, fat percentage, age, ethnicity and competitive level significantly explained ( p < .05) the variance of risk behaviours for males’ ED. Thus, only BD influenced risk behaviours for ED in both sexes.
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Sicilia, Álvaro, Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez, María-Jesús Lirola, and Rafael Burgueño. "Influence of Goal Contents on Exercise Addiction: Analysing the Mediating Effect of Passion for Exercise." Journal of Human Kinetics 59, no. 1 (October 20, 2017): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0154.
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AbstractBased on the self-determination theory (Deci and Ryan, 1985, 2000), the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise goal contents on exercise addiction, taking into account the mediating effects of passion for exercise. A total of 384 university students (284 men and 100 women; Mage = 20.31, SD = 3.10) completed a questionnaire that measured exercise frequency and intensity, exercise goal contents (e.g. intrinsic: social affiliation, health management, skill development; extrinsic: image and social recognition), passion for exercise (e.g. harmonious and obsessive), and exercise addiction. After controlling the exercise frequency and intensity effects, results showed that goal contents did not directly predict exercise addiction. However, mediation analysis showed that goal contents predicted addiction through passion for exercise. These results support a motivational sequence in which extrinsic versus intrinsic goals influence exercise addiction because such goals are positively associated with obsessive passion for exercise and negatively associated with harmonious passion.
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Scarpa, Stefano, Alessandra Nart, Erica Gobbi, and Attilio Carraro. "Does Women's Attitudinal State Body Image Improve After One Session of Posture Correction Exercises?" Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 39, no. 8 (September 1, 2011): 1045–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2011.39.8.1045.
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Physically active people are usually more satisfied with their bodies than are sedentary people (Davis, 2002), but the influences exerted by physical activity on body image (BI) are not clear. In the current study, the effects of a posture correction exercise (PCE) session on attitudinal state BI were examined. We wanted to know if a single PCE session could have an immediate and positive influence on attitudinal state BI in women. Participants (217 women) were randomized into 2 groups either taking part in a PCE (experimental condition) or a reading-a-newspaper (RN; control condition) session, in a cross-over design. Before and after PCE and RN sessions, participants completed the Body Image States Scale (Cash, Fleming, Alindogan, Steadman, & Whitehead, 2002), indicating their attitudinal state BI at that time. Results showed an immediate increase in state BI scores after a 1-hour PCE session, suggesting that the acute effect of PCE causes an improvement in attitudinal state BI.
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Kim, Young-Mi, and Han-Pyong Kwak. "The Influence of The Communication Competence of Pilates Instructors on The Instructor’s Image and Exercise Adherence." Journal of Convergence and Consilience 3, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33090/ksci.3.3.1.
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Zeller-Plumhoff, B., T. Roose, G. F. Clough, and P. Schneider. "Image-based modelling of skeletal muscle oxygenation." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 127 (February 2017): 20160992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0992.
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The supply of oxygen in sufficient quantity is vital for the correct functioning of all organs in the human body, in particular for skeletal muscle during exercise. Disease is often associated with both an inhibition of the microvascular supply capability and is thought to relate to changes in the structure of blood vessel networks. Different methods exist to investigate the influence of the microvascular structure on tissue oxygenation, varying over a range of application areas, i.e. biological in vivo and in vitro experiments, imaging and mathematical modelling. Ideally, all of these methods should be combined within the same framework in order to fully understand the processes involved. This review discusses the mathematical models of skeletal muscle oxygenation currently available that are based upon images taken of the muscle microvasculature in vivo and ex vivo . Imaging systems suitable for capturing the blood vessel networks are discussed and respective contrasting methods presented. The review further informs the association between anatomical characteristics in health and disease. With this review we give the reader a tool to understand and establish the workflow of developing an image-based model of skeletal muscle oxygenation. Finally, we give an outlook for improvements needed for measurements and imaging techniques to adequately investigate the microvascular capability for oxygen exchange.
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Santana, Katielly, Almir de França Ferraz, André Rodrigues Lourenço Dias, Rosilene Andrade Silva Rodrigues, Camila Pasa, Waléria Christiane Rezende Fett, Michell Vetoracci Viana, Aylton Figueira, and Carlos Alexandre Fett. "Level of Physical Activity on the Body Image of Young Women." Journal of Morphological Sciences 36, no. 03 (August 2, 2019): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693721.
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AbstractPhysical exercise has the ability to alter the measurements of the body related to esthetic. The objective of the present study was to compare the body image and body esthetic between two groups of women with different levels of physical activity. We evaluated 79 women who were divided into 2 groups: 39 women with low or moderate levels of physical activity, and 40 women with high levels of physical activity according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Anthropometric and body composition measurements were taken using the InBody S10 multifrequency device (InBody Co., Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea). The scale of silhouettes, which is composed of 9 engravings of body images, was used to verify the body image, as well as the Portuguese version of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) validated for university students. The group of evaluators was composed of twenty physical education professionals of both sexes, ten male and ten female. The group with low/moderate levels of physical activity, as expected, showed a lower amount (minutes per week) of physical activity of mild, moderate and vigorous intensity when compared with the group with high levels of physical activity (p < 0.05), and they also had a higher ratio of fat mass (FM) per height squared (p = 0.047). The BSQ questionnaire scores, the current and ideal silhouettes, as well as body image dissatisfaction, were not different between the groups (p > 0.05). The overall body esthetic score, attributed only by the male and only by the female evaluators, did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). We concluded that the level of physical activity did not influence the body image and body esthetic of the women.
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Tokarczyk, P., J. P. Leitao, J. Rieckermann, K. Schindler, and F. Blumensaat. "High-quality observation of surface imperviousness for urban runoff modelling using UAV imagery." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 10 (October 21, 2015): 4215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4215-2015.
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Abstract. Modelling rainfall–runoff in urban areas is increasingly applied to support flood risk assessment, particularly against the background of a changing climate and an increasing urbanization. These models typically rely on high-quality data for rainfall and surface characteristics of the catchment area as model input. While recent research in urban drainage has been focusing on providing spatially detailed rainfall data, the technological advances in remote sensing that ease the acquisition of detailed land-use information are less prominently discussed within the community. The relevance of such methods increases as in many parts of the globe, accurate land-use information is generally lacking, because detailed image data are often unavailable. Modern unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) allow one to acquire high-resolution images on a local level at comparably lower cost, performing on-demand repetitive measurements and obtaining a degree of detail tailored for the purpose of the study. In this study, we investigate for the first time the possibility of deriving high-resolution imperviousness maps for urban areas from UAV imagery and of using this information as input for urban drainage models. To do so, an automatic processing pipeline with a modern classification method is proposed and evaluated in a state-of-the-art urban drainage modelling exercise. In a real-life case study (Lucerne, Switzerland), we compare imperviousness maps generated using a fixed-wing consumer micro-UAV and standard large-format aerial images acquired by the Swiss national mapping agency (swisstopo). After assessing their overall accuracy, we perform an end-to-end comparison, in which they are used as an input for an urban drainage model. Then, we evaluate the influence which different image data sources and their processing methods have on hydrological and hydraulic model performance. We analyse the surface runoff of the 307 individual subcatchments regarding relevant attributes, such as peak runoff and runoff volume. Finally, we evaluate the model's channel flow prediction performance through a cross-comparison with reference flow measured at the catchment outlet. We show that imperviousness maps generated from UAV images processed with modern classification methods achieve an accuracy comparable to standard, off-the-shelf aerial imagery. In the examined case study, we find that the different imperviousness maps only have a limited influence on predicted surface runoff and pipe flows, when traditional workflows are used. We expect that they will have a substantial influence when more detailed modelling approaches are employed to characterize land use and to predict surface runoff. We conclude that UAV imagery represents a valuable alternative data source for urban drainage model applications due to the possibility of flexibly acquiring up-to-date aerial images at a quality compared with off-the-shelf image products and a competitive price at the same time. We believe that in the future, urban drainage models representing a higher degree of spatial detail will fully benefit from the strengths of UAV imagery.
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Humphrey Jr, William F., Debra A. Laverie, and Shannon B. Rinaldo. "Brand choice via incidental social media exposure." Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 11, no. 2 (June 12, 2017): 110–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrim-04-2016-0025.
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Purpose The paper seeks to establish the effectiveness of social media advertising and participation by brands through incidental exposure. Using experimental design, in a social media environment, this paper aims to extend incidental exposure research in the context of social media. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses an experimental design with controlled image durations using MediaLab and DirectRT, allowing for precise image display times and randomization of screens. Participants were split between high-involvement and low-involvement product categories, and the brand choice exercise was administered in an on-screen experiment. Findings The paper provides support that incidental exposure influences brand choice. Further, it indicates that for low-involvement product categories, the type of social media exposure does not influence brand choice significantly between types. For high-involvement product categories, ads perform better than sponsored story executions; consumer-generated brand messages perform better than brand-generated messages; and the influence of reference group affects brand choice. Research limitations/implications This paper tests one social media environment using a desktop Web environment. Additional studies would be needed to test other social media environments and mobile technology. Practical implications The paper provides evidence that brands benefit by simply participating and advertising in social media, but the execution style matters to a greater extent for high-involvement product categories in influencing brand choice. Social implications Mere exposure to a brand message may influence consumers unknowingly. Repeated exposure as short as 5 s per viewing is related to increases in brand choice. Originality/value This paper extends research on incidental exposure and establishes a key positive brand outcome for practice and research, and it provides the first exploration on the outcome of incident exposure to brand messages in social media. The results suggest that social media and advertising by brands have positive impacts beyond traditional measures of success online.
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McElhone, Sinead, John M. Kearney, Ismene Giachetti, Hans-Joachim Franz Zunft, and J. Alfredo Martínez. "Body image perception in relation to recent weight changes and strategies for weight loss in a nationally representative sample in the European Union." Public Health Nutrition 2, no. 1a (January 1999): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980099000191.
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AbstractObjectivesTo assess body image perception and satisfaction with current body image across the EU and to explore the influence of sociodemographic variables, body-weight change and strategies for losing weight on body image perception.DesignA cross-sectional study in which quota-controlled, nationally representative samples of approximately 1000 adults from each country completed a face-to-face interview-assisted questionnaire.SettingThe survey was conducted in the 15 member states of the EU between March and April 1997.SubjectsThe questionnaire was completed by 15 239 subjects (aged 15 years and upwards). Data were weighted by population size for each country and by sex, age and regional distribution within each member state.ResultsJust 39% of respondents in the EU were satisfied with their weight and these were more likely to be male (46%) rather than female (31%). Across the EU 29% of Finnish subjects were content with their weight compared with 47% in Belgium and 48% in Luxembourg. The highest percentage of subjects who were content with their body weight was among females who were underweight (58%) and males who were normal weight (66%). A further 20% of underweight females wished to be lighter compared to only 5% of males. Diet was the most frequently selected method for losing weight especially among females wishing to be considerably lighter (27%) while males were as likely to use exercise as diet as a strategy to lose weight.ConclusionsGeographical and sociodemographical influences on body image perception are evident across the EU. There were clear gender differences in the desire to be thinner with a high proportion of females who were underweight being content to be so.
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Annesi, James J., and Srinivasa Gorjala. "Body Satisfaction and Overall Mood: Effects of Race in Exercisers with Obesity." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 38, no. 8 (September 1, 2010): 1105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.8.1105.
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Body image in obese women is generally poor, and may be affected by race/ethnicity. The impact of exercise is unclear. White and African American women who were obese started on a supported exercise and nutrition education program for weight reduction. The body satisfaction of the African American participants was significantly more favorable at baseline than the comparable group of White women. For all participants, body satisfaction was significantly related to overall mood, both at baseline, and in its significant improvements over six months. Race/ethnicity did not influence those relationships. Extensions of this research may improve theory and, ultimately, treatments.
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Lestari, Siti Rahmi, Arif Eko Trilianto, and Pasidi Siddiq. "Hubungan Obesitas Remaja Dengan Gambaran Citra Tubuh Di MTSN 1 Bondowoso Desa Traktakan Kecamatan Wonosari." Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional 9, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/jkp.v9i1.2036.
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Obesity is a problem which is scared by all ages, including juvenile ages because it can affect the change in physical appearance.A change in physical appearance certainly can influence their body image in juvenile age. The objective of the study is correlation between juveniles obesity ang body image in student of MTsN I Bondowoso at Traktakan Village Wonosari districts.This study is kuantitatif research, the population is all of students from MTsN I BondowosoTraktakan village Wonosaridistricts.a sample 28 ( twentyeigh) people, sampling using proposive sampling, data analysis using the Spearman Rho. The score of correlation test showed from SPSS 17 that the Spearman Rho value p < 0,05 can to correlation value p = 0,040 value p = 0,040 is smaller than 0,05,and r = 0,391 which means the hypothsis is accepted.The result of this research found that there was significentcorrelation between juvenile obesity and body image in students of MTsN I Bondowoso. From the resultof this study,researchers are looking forward to a change in adolescent to diet and exercise activities that routine to maintain ideal body weight
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Park, Yun-Ha, and Jun Kim. "The Influence of Yoga Instructor"s Image and Non-verbal Communication on Instructors Trust and Intimacy of Yoga Exercise Participants." Korean Journal of Sports Science 27, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35159/kjss.2018.04.27.2.101.
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Roessler, Kirsten Kaya. "Exercise treatment for drug abuse - A Danish pilot study." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 38, no. 6 (June 7, 2010): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494810371249.
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Aims: The paper presents a recent Danish programme using exercise to alter the behaviour and body image of drug addicts. Methods: 38 participants (23 male and 15 female) took part in groups three times per week for a minimum of two to a maximum of six months. Self-reported data combined with the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI) collected at initial admission and in follow-up interviews included information on drug use, body image, self-confidence and motivation to change behaviour. Results: The completion rate of the participants during the training period was on average 52%, which is considered as a success in treatments with drug abusers, usually characterized by a low compliance and commitment. The results of the participants who completed the programme (n = 20) showed an increased oxygen uptake of an average of 10%, improved self-reported quality of life and a higher energy level for the majority of the participants. The addicts obtained a better body image, became more sensitive to physical pain and disorders and reduced their drug intake during the training period. The long-term effect showed that five of the 20 abusers interviewed reported that they still had not taken drugs, 10 had downgraded their intake, four experienced no change at all and one died through an overdose. Conclusions: The results show that physical exercise can provide important support in the treatment of drug abuse and that the main problem is maintaining change in behaviour and peer group influence to ensure long-term change.
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Collins, Amber T., Micaela Kulvaranon, Charles E. Spritzer, Amy L. McNulty, and Louis E. DeFrate. "The Influence of Obesity and Meniscal Coverage on In Vivo Tibial Cartilage Thickness and Strain." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 232596712096446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120964468.
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Background: Obesity, which potentially increases loading at the knee, is a common and modifiable risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis. The menisci play an important role in distributing joint loads to the underlying cartilage. However, the influence of obesity on the role of the menisci in cartilage load distribution in vivo is currently unknown. Purpose To measure tibial cartilage thickness and compressive strain in response to walking in areas covered and uncovered by the menisci in participants with normal body mass index (BMI) and participants with high BMI. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the right knees of participants with normal BMI (<25 kg/m2; n = 8) and participants with high BMI (>30 kg/m2; n = 7) were obtained before and after treadmill walking. The outer margins of the tibia, the medial and lateral cartilage surfaces, and the meniscal footprints were segmented on each MR image to create 3-dimensional models of the joint. Cartilage thickness was measured before and after walking in areas covered and uncovered by the menisci. Cartilage compressive strain was then determined from changes in thickness resulting from the walking task. Results: Before exercise, medial and lateral uncovered cartilage of the tibial plateau was significantly thicker than covered cartilage in both BMI groups. In the uncovered region of the lateral tibial plateau, participants with high BMI had thinner preexercise cartilage than those with a normal BMI. Cartilage compressive strain was significantly greater in medial and lateral cartilage in participants with high BMI compared with those with normal BMI in both the regions covered and those uncovered by the menisci. Conclusion: Participants with high BMI experienced greater cartilage strain in response to walking than participants with normal BMI in both covered and uncovered regions of cartilage, which may indicate that the load-distributing function of the meniscus is not sufficient to moderate the effects of obesity. Clinical Relevance: These findings demonstrate the critical effect of obesity on cartilage function and thickness in regions covered and uncovered by the menisci.
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Tokarczyk, P., J. P. Leitao, J. Rieckermann, K. Schindler, and F. Blumensaat. "High-quality observation of surface imperviousness for urban runoff modelling using UAV imagery." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 1 (January 27, 2015): 1205–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-1205-2015.
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Abstract. Modelling rainfall–runoff in urban areas is increasingly applied to support flood risk assessment particularly against the background of a changing climate and an increasing urbanization. These models typically rely on high-quality data for rainfall and surface characteristics of the area. While recent research in urban drainage has been focusing on providing spatially detailed rainfall data, the technological advances in remote sensing that ease the acquisition of detailed land-use information are less prominently discussed within the community. The relevance of such methods increase as in many parts of the globe, accurate land-use information is generally lacking, because detailed image data is unavailable. Modern unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) allow acquiring high-resolution images on a local level at comparably lower cost, performing on-demand repetitive measurements, and obtaining a degree of detail tailored for the purpose of the study. In this study, we investigate for the first time the possibility to derive high-resolution imperviousness maps for urban areas from UAV imagery and to use this information as input for urban drainage models. To do so, an automatic processing pipeline with a modern classification method is tested and applied in a state-of-the-art urban drainage modelling exercise. In a real-life case study in the area of Lucerne, Switzerland, we compare imperviousness maps generated from a consumer micro-UAV and standard large-format aerial images acquired by the Swiss national mapping agency (swisstopo). After assessing their correctness, we perform an end-to-end comparison, in which they are used as an input for an urban drainage model. Then, we evaluate the influence which different image data sources and their processing methods have on hydrological and hydraulic model performance. We analyze the surface runoff of the 307 individual subcatchments regarding relevant attributes, such as peak runoff and volume. Finally, we evaluate the model's channel flow prediction performance through a cross-comparison with reference flow measured at the catchment outlet. We show that imperviousness maps generated using UAV imagery processed with modern classification methods achieve accuracy comparable with standard, off-the-shelf aerial imagery. In the examined case study, we find that the different imperviousness maps only have a limited influence on modelled surface runoff and pipe flows. We conclude that UAV imagery represents a valuable alternative data source for urban drainage model applications due to the possibility to flexibly acquire up-to-date aerial images at a superior quality and a competitive price. Our analyses furthermore suggest that spatially more detailed urban drainage models can even better benefit from the full detail of UAV imagery.
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Vocks, S., T. Hechler, S. Rohrig, and T. Legenbauer. "Effects of a physical exercise session on state body image: The influence of pre-experimental body dissatisfaction and concerns about weight and shape." Psychology & Health 24, no. 6 (July 2009): 713–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870440801998988.
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Brown, Kerry. "China’s Foreign Policy Since 2012: A Question of Communication and Clarity." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 03, no. 03 (January 2017): 325–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s237774001750018x.
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China’s success in developing its economy since 1978 has been accompanied by an increasing geopolitical role. In recent years, this has been accentuated by the increasing confusion about the resilience of its own systems and global visions by the United States and its allies. China has never had a larger stage to exercise its influence and present its values and vision. It has created a set of narratives for its foreign policy that conveys this vision in ways which attempt to avoid normativeness, but assert China’s legitimate interests. Nevertheless, a number of challenges have emerged for China in the past five years and these will continue shaping China’s self-image and global role in the future.
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Yuen, Chang, Wong, Wong, Siu, Ho, Wong, Ho, Chan, and Yang. "Influence of Urban Green Space and Facility Accessibility on Exercise and Healthy Diet in Hong Kong." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9 (April 29, 2019): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091514.
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Background A cross-sectional study using a convenience sampling method was conducted to understand how green space and accessibility of common public open spaces in compact urban areas affect physical activity and healthy diets of residents. Methods A total of 554 residents completed a structured questionnaire on quality of life, physical activity level and healthy eating practice. Particularly, categories of physical activity and durations were obtained by using the short form Chinese International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-C), then the Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)-minutes/week was calculated using the formulae (walking minutes × walking days × 3.3) + (moderate-intensity activity minutes × moderate days × 4.0) + (vigorous-intensity activity minutes × vigorous-intensity days × 8.0). The percentage of green space was calculated based on a spatial buffer with a 500 m radius from participants’ geocoded addresses using a SPOT (‘Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre’ in French) satellite image-derived vegetation dataset. Parks, promenade and sports facilities were examples of open spaces. Results The sampled population who lived with green space averaged 10.11% ± 7.95% (ranged 1.56–32.90%), with the majority (90%) performing physical activities at medium and high levels. MET-minutes/week was significantly associated (Pearson r = 0.092; p < 0.05) with the green space percentage. Relatively active residents commonly used open spaces within the district for performing exercise, in particular, parks and promenades were mostly used by older residents, while sports facilities by the younger groups at age 25–44 and <25 years. Conclusions Current findings suggested promotion of exercise could be achieved by the design or redesign of built environment to include more parks accessible to the residents with the increase of vegetation.
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Önder, Irem, Ulrich Gunter, and Arno Scharl. "Forecasting Tourist Arrivals with the Help of Web Sentiment: A Mixed-frequency Modeling Approach for Big Data." Tourism Analysis 24, no. 4 (November 13, 2019): 437–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354219x15652651367442.
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Online news media coverage regarding a destination, a form of big data, can affect destination image and influence the number of tourist arrivals. Sentiment analysis extracts the valence of an author's perception about a topic by rating a segment of text as either positive or negative. The sentiment of online news media can be viewed as a leading indicator for actual tourism demand. The aim of this study is to examine if web sentiment of online news media coverage of four European cities (Berlin, Brussels, Paris, and Vienna) possesses information to predict actual tourist arrivals. This study is the first to use web sentiment for forecasting tourism demand. Automated semantic routines were conducted to analyze the sentiment of online news media coverage. Due to the differing data frequencies of tourist arrivals (monthly) and web sentiment indicators (daily), the MIxed-DAta Sampling (MIDAS) modeling approach was applied. Results indicate that MIDAS models including various web sentiment indicators outperform time-series and naive benchmarks in terms of typical accuracy measures. This study shows that utilizing online news media coverage as an indication of destination image can improve tourism demand forecasting. Because destination image is dynamic, the results can vary depending on time period of the analysis and the destination. A managerial implication of the forecast evaluation exercise is that destination management organizations (DMOs) should add models incorporating web sentiment data to their forecast modeling toolkit to further improve the accuracy of their tourism demand forecasts.
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Juhász-Ormsby, Ágnes. "Robert Radcliffe’s Translation of Joannes Ravisius Textor’s Dialogi (1530) and the Henrician Reformation." Renaissance and Reformation 40, no. 3 (November 24, 2017): 19–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v40i3.28735.
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Joannes Ravisius Textor’s Dialogi aliquot festivissimi (1530) exerted considerable influence in England in the 1530s. The English Textor movement was spurred primarily by the dialogues’ effectiveness in advancing and popularizing specific religious changes promoted by the government as part of the unfolding Henrician Reformation. Around 1540, the master of Jesus College School in Cambridge, Robert Radcliffe, dedicated a collection of prose translations of Textor’s three dialogues—A Governor, or of the Church (Ecclesia), The Poor Man and Fortune (Pauper et fortuna), and Death and the Goer by the Way (Mors et viator)—to Henry VIII. Radcliffe’s translations, especially the politically charged A Governor, demonstrate that not only his strategically selected source texts but also his method of translation helped him position himself in influential court circles and shape his image as a humanist scholar, schoolmaster, and translator.
Les Dialogi aliquot festivissimi (1530) de Joannes Ravisius Textor ont exercé une influence importante en Angleterre pendant les années 1530. Le succès du mouvement anglais de Textor est principalement dû à l’efficacité avec laquelle les dialogues mettent de l’avant et popularisent des transformations religieuses spécifiques que promouvait le gouvernement dans le contexte du déploiement de la Réforme d’Henri VIII. Autour de 1540, le maître du Jesus College de Cambridge, Robert Radcliffe, a dédié une collection de traduction en prose des trois dialogues de Textor — A Governor, or of the Church (Ecclesia), The Poor Man and Fortune (Pauper et fortuna), et Death and the Goer by the Way (Mors et viator) — à Henri VIII. Les traductions de Radcliffe, en particulier celle du A Governor chargé politiquement, montrent qu’il a cherché à se positionner dans des cercles de cour d’influence et se construire une image de chercheur, d’écolâtre et de traducteur humaniste, non seulement à l’aide de ses choix stratégiques de textes à traduire, mais aussi à travers ses méthodes de traductions.
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Said, Jamaliah, Md Mahmudul Alam, Dar Irna Bt Mohamed, and Marhamah Rafidi. "Does job satisfaction, fair treatment, and cooperativeness influence the whistleblowing practice in Malaysian Government linked companies?" Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration 9, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjba-06-2017-0053.
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Purpose Whistleblowing is an important factor in preventing corruption and fraud in organizations. There is a law to promote whistleblowing practices, but the negative subsequent effect of whistleblowing demotivates the reporting of unethical behaviors. Thus, it is important to identify the factors that motivate an employee to exercise whistleblowing in an organization. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether the personal factor of job satisfaction and organizational factors such as fair treatment as well as cooperativeness contribute to the whistleblowing practice in an organization. Design/methodology/approach This study collected primary data based on a questionnaire survey from 73 respondents of the seven top most government linked companies (GLCs) in Malaysia. The data are analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and cross-sectional regression. Findings The findings of the study reveal that only fair treatment is statistically significant and positively related to the whistleblowing practice. The findings imply that if employees perceive that the organization provides fair treatment in terms of career advancement, awards, training, performance appraisal, job assignment, and pay increases, they would tend to report wrongdoing activities to protect the image of the organization. Practical implications The findings of the study will help the policy makers to ensure better working environment and accountability in the public sector of Malaysia and other similar countries. Originality/value This is an original study based on primary data to examine the current practices of whistleblowing and its relationship with the practices of job satisfaction, fair treatment, and cooperativeness in the GLCs of Malaysia.
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Daniela, Mănescu (Dragomir), and Postiniuc (Onișoru) Georgiana Florența. "Performing Management in School Organizations and Entrepreneurship." International Journal of Applied Research in Management and Economics 3, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ijarme.v3i3.497.
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In the specialized literature there is no unitary opinion regarding the definition of efficient management and managerial performance. For the managers of the Romanian organization, subject to multiple and increasingly complex contextual and endogenous challenges and prone to informational "claustrophobia" due to the volume of information that must be decisively capitalized, the effectiveness of their performance is much more important. A first factor that influences the level of managerial performance is the competence of those who exercise the management processes, respectively of the managers, but also of those who operationalize the decisions, i.e., of the subordinates. The managerial activity carried out by the principals and deputy principals of the pre-university education units is evaluated following certain components and attributions from the job description according to some performance criteria. The research aimed to analyze the performance criteria and the influence of the manager on the performance criteria in the case of management staff in a school organization. The most important criterion is the design of the coordination strategy and directions for the development of the educational unit, and the least important is the monitoring / evaluation / control of the activities in the educational unit. The conclusion of contracts with economic agents, NGOs and other organizations regarding the development of projects was evaluated negatively by the majority of respondents, as it has no influence on the increase of performance. The management of the school must play a catalytic role among teachers, in the sense of promoting, identifying, stimulating and rewarding creative teachers who participate in forming a positive image and increasing the prestige of the school in the community by creating its own organizational culture.
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Adjei, Stephen Baffour. "Entrapment of Victims of Spousal Abuse in Ghana." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 5 (September 29, 2016): 730–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515586375.
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Drawing on discursive psychology and positioning theory, this study explores the influence of cultural and familial value orientations on battered women’s identity, agency, and decision to leave or stay in abusive conjugal relationship in Ghana. Two semi-structured focus group discussions and four in-depth personal interviews were conducted with 16 victims of husband-to-wife abuse from rural and urban Ghana. The findings indicate that entrapment of victims of spousal abuse in Ghana reflects their social embeddedness and that battered women’s identities and agency are expressed in the context of familial and cultural value orientations. The primacy of family identity and victims’ apparent implicit moral obligation to preserve the social image of their extended family influence their entrapment. Participants’ discursive accounts further suggest that stay or leave decisions of battered women in Ghana reflect a joint product of negotiated agency between victims and their extended family. It is thus argued that the agency of battered women in Ghana is not constituted by individual psychological states or motives, but instead, viewed as a property of victims who exercise it in a given relational context, and partly constituted by familial relationships and identities. The study suggests that intervention initiatives in Ghana should focus on the phenomenon of conjugal violence beyond immediate victims to include families and the larger communities in which victims are embedded.
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Umar, Mulawan, Ronaldoe B, and Irfannuddin. "The Influence of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) On The Improvement Of Body Composition, Depression Status And Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients During Chemotherapy In Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital (RSMH) Palembang." Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery 3, no. 2 (November 18, 2020): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjs.v2i2.35.
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ABSTRAK
The breast cancer progression and chemotherapy side effects not only cause problems in mental status, but also the patient's physical status. This is related to a deteriorating quality of life and a worse prognosis. Physical exercise can improve physical status, mental status, and quality of life.
Experimental pre- and post intervention research with a control group was conducted on breast cancer patients to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the improvement of body composition, depression status, and quality of life for breast cancer patients during chemotherapy at RSMH on February 2019 - February 2020.
Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) can improve body composition (p = 0.000), reduce the degree of depression (p = 0.000), improve global health status (p = 0.013), physical functioning (p = 0.002), emotional functioning (p = 0.009), social functioning (p = 0015), body image (0,000), sexual function (p = 0.05), future perspective (p = 0.006), and decreased fatigue (p = 0.00), nausea and vomiting (p = 0.002 ), pain (0,000), insomnia (0.002), appetite loss (p = 0,000), breast symptoms (p = 0,000), arm symptoms (p = 0,000), hair loss (p = 0,000), and therapy side effects (p = 0.000).
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da Silva, JB, L. de Lima e Silva, RA Moreira Nunes, G. Casimiro Lopes, D. Braga de Mello, V. Pinheiro Lima, and R. Gomes de Souza Vale. "Evaluation methods and objectives for neuromuscular and hemodynamic responses subsequent to different rest intervals in resistance training: a systematic review." Archivos de Medicina del Deporte 38, no. 3 (June 21, 2021): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18176/archmeddeporte.00041.
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Introduction: The training routine planned, and performed correctly results in exercises that, systematically organized, influence the levels of strength, and muscle hypertrophy. However, the magnitudes of these gains vary considerably. To optimize these gains, it is important to underst, and the interaction between training variables such as external load, volume, number of exercises, number of repetitions, duration of repetitions, the order of exercises, number of series, recovery interval between series, and the exercises, as well as the time under tension. The influence of the recovery interval on the response following exercise on neuromuscular components is very important. However, different objectives, and instruments are used to evaluate these responses. Objective: The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the assessment methods, and objectives for responses after different recovery intervals in strength training. METHODS: The present study is characterized by a systematic review study. Articles found in the following databases were considered for the systematic review: Scopus, PubMed / MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library. The following descriptors, and their respective synonyms according to the terms MeSH were used in the databases, both singular, and plural: “Resistance Training”, “Rest Interval”, and “Bech Press”. As filters were used: a) species (humans), and type of study (original). Results: Seven studies were analyzed that met the established criteria. Conclusion: The studies presented have verified the influence of different recovery intervals on muscle, and hemodynamic responses. Evaluating image measurements such as ultrasound, and resonance, blood measurements such as GH, Testosterone, IGF-1, and Lactate, number of repetitions for performance, and fatigue, as well as heart rate, and blood pressure.
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Balčiūnienė, Vaiva, Rasa Jankauskienė, and Miglė Bacevičienė. "The role of sports participation in the association between students’ body image concerns and disordered eating." Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 1, no. 120 (April 15, 2021): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v1i120.1050.
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Background. Body image concerns (BICs) negatively influence young people’s health as they mutilate psychosocial functioning and lifestyle. The present study aimed to compare BICs, socio-cultural attitudes towards appearance, and disordered eating (DE) in a large sample of student women and men of different body mass (BMI) and physical activity and to evaluate the mediating role of sports participation in the association between BICs and DE.
Methods. A total sample of 1850 students (1087 or 58.8% were women, average age 21.6 ± 5.0 years) participated in the study and completed a questionnaire measuring BICs, internalization of the socio-cultural appearance ideals, drive for muscularity, DE, physical activity (PA), and BMI. Two hundred eighty-two men and two hundred eighty-eight women reported leisure-time participation in sports. Two-way ANOVA was conducted to test gender, BMI group, and sports participation effects on study variables. Moderated leisure-time exercise at a sports club effects were tested in the association between body image concerns (BICs) and disordered eating behaviours (DE).
Results. Overweight/obese students reported greater BICs, internalization of the stereotyped appearance ideals, and DE compared to students of normal body weight. Participants of sports clubs demonstrated higher appearance evaluation and body areas satisfaction; however, they reported higher overweight preoccupation, internalization of socio-cultural ideals, drive for muscularity (men), and DE. A higher level of BMI, BICs, internalization of socio-cultural body ideals, and drive for muscularity (in men) were associated with greater DE in students. Participation in sports was not a significant moderator between BICs and DE. A significant interaction effect between BMI and exercising at a sports club was observed in women. Conditional effects demonstrated that female students with higher BMI and exercising at a sports club were at higher risk of DE (β = .18, p < .001) than women non-exercising at a sports club (β = .13, p < .001).
Conclusions. Overweight students of both genders reported greater BICs and DE. Sports-involved students (men and women) demonstrated more favourable body appearance evaluation. However, sports participants of both genders demonstrated greater BICs and DE compared to non-exercisers. Sports participation had no significant mediating power on the associations between BICs and DE; however, women with higher BMI and participating in leisure-time sports faced a greater risk for DE than women with higher BMI but not participating in sports. The promotion of a positive body image was important to students, especially female students with higher BMI and participating in leisure sports.
Keywords: body image concerns, disordered eating, physical activity, sport clubs, emerging adults.
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Bartlewski, Peter P. "Effects of Aerobic Exercise on the Social Physique Anxiety and Body Esteem of Female College Students." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 5, no. 2 (October 1996): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.5.2.49.
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The purpose of this research was to explore the effectiveness of exercise in reducing body image concerns of female college students. Women enrolled in an aerobic exercise course or in a social psychology course at a medium sized university reported their social physique anxiety and body esteem at the beginning and end of the semester. For women in the aerobic exercise classes, social physique anxiety decreased and body esteem increased over the course of the semester. Social physique anxiety and body esteem did not change significantly for those in the (nonexercising) social psychology classes. The researchers concluded that participation in aerobic exercise programs may help to improve the body image of female college students. Based upon these results further investigation of the mechanisms by which exercise influences body image is warranted.
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Ullah, Saif, Norizan Abdul Ghani, and Atif Ameen Baig. "A Correlational Analysis of Social Factors with Obesity among Malay Obese People." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.34 (December 13, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23570.
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This study examines the correlation between social factors and obesity among Malay obese people (age: 20-59 years old) in Terengganu, Malaysia. Comprised of cross-sectional research design, this study has been applied a convenience sampling technique. Clinical Practice Guidelines on Management of Obesity (2004) criteria was adopted < 27.49kg/m2 to measure the body mass index. The number of participants were included in this study n = 150 (male = 80 & females = 70). Data is collected by using close-ended self-administrated questionnaire. SPSS version 21.0 was used for the data analysis. The results reveals that obesity is significantly correlated with feelings (low self-esteem), body image dissatisfaction, eating and dieting frequency (eating habits), frequency of exercise (physical inactivity), physical activity barriers, and media influence. Moreover, obesity has found insignificant with health knowledge, religious knowledge, religious practices and their relation with obesity. It is a pioneer study that has assessed the correlation of social factors and obesity among Malay obese adults in Terengganu, Malaysia. This study reports that majority of the social factors are significantly correlated with obesity. Therefore, interventional programs should be arranged by government based on the social factors in order to decrease the level of obesity in Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Guarnaccia, Peter J. "Le rôle de la culture en épidémiologie psychiatrique : examen de la recherche sur la santé mentale des Latino-Américains." Santé mentale au Québec 16, no. 1 (September 11, 2007): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032202ar.
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RÉSUMÉ En épidémiologie psychiatrique, la culture est souvent traitée, de deux choses Tune, ou comme une variable déconcertante qu'il faut contrôler, ou comme l'explication de résultats inattendus. Quand elle est présentée comme explication, on pousse généralement assez peu l'examen de l'influence qu'elle exerce sur les réponses à l'entrevue psychiatrique. J'avance ici que la culture exerce une influence centrale dans les entrevues, d'au moins trois façons: elle détermine la façon dont les gens répondent à l'entrevue; elle influence l'évaluation des items portant sur des symptômes spécifiques, et les catégories culturelles se retrouvent enchâssées dans les réponses à l'entrevue. Passant en revue la I recherche menée sur la santé mentale des populations latino-américaines, j'examine le rôle joué par les catégories culturelles dans les réponses aux études d'épidémiologie psychiatrique, et j'en esquisse une approche de recherche alternative, pour explorer simultanément des catégories du diagnostic psychiatrique et des expressions culturelles de détresse.
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Voelker, Dana K., and Justine J. Reel. "“It’s Just a Lot Different Being Male Than Female in the Sport”: An Exploration of the Gendered Culture Around Body Pressures in Competitive Figure Skating." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 28, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.2018-0030.
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Figure skaters experience pressure associated with their sport to change their body weight, shape, or size to meet appearance and performance expectations. Figure skaters may experience different body-related expectations based on gender despite performing in identical or similar training and competition environments. In a qualitative investigation that examined body pressure experiences of male skaters, participants discussed some of their struggles, but seemed compelled to discuss, unexpectedly, the plight of female skaters in facing the skating body ideal. The present findings represent an exploratory analysis of qualitative data elucidating the body pressure experiences of female skaters through the eyes of male skaters. Participants were 13 competitive male figure skaters ages 16–24 (M = 18.53). Analyzed using a social constructivist and critical perspective, the results demonstrated the salience of body pressures for female skaters and afforded insight into sociocultural and historical factors that influence how male and female skaters experience their bodies differently in a skating context. Male skaters reported they faced less extreme body pressures, had certain physical advantages, and tended to be more confident than female skaters, which underscored a gendered body pressure experience. This work explores the intersections of gender and power within figure skating and examines body image concerns and unhealthy eating and exercise behaviors as a larger social justice issue that serves to encourage similar investigations in other sports.
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Neuga, Derius, and Larentiu Nicoulae Silviu. "Organizational Activities Through Social Media Communication With Direct Communication." International Journal Papier Public Review 2, no. 2 (April 26, 2021): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47667/ijppr.v2i2.84.
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Interpersonal contact or contact that is inextricably linked to mass media. When individuals upload things and communicate with other participants, internal contact happens simultaneously with public communication, since whatever is shared can be automatically appreciated and seen by a large audience. With the potential for private information to become available, it is important to pay more attention to the role of social media. Not to stifle its development, but to optimize its utility. It is critical to improve each user's self-awareness, since what they upload will influence their self-image and the relationships they have with other parties. The freedom of expression and the freedom to communicate that social media provides should be used prudently by its consumers. When we share or disseminate knowledge, we must exercise caution and introspection. In other words, while contact through social networking has expanded and become more versatile, this versatility must be reined in to truly enjoy the benefits. Naturally, if we understand the components of organizational communication, as we communicate inside the organisation, we can understand our status in light of the scenario and circumstances. The advancement of the internet facilitated the emergence of modern modes of communication within organizations. Social networking has arrived and is reshaping the way we communicate in today's culture. There is no restriction to the correspondence of distance, time, and space.
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Markbreiter, Joanna. "Developing Images." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 12, no. 4 (2017): 64–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jvs.2017.12.4.64.
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By 1975, thousands of Vietnamese had fled their homeland to settle in America, many carrying only a spare change of clothes and a packet of photographs. This article explores how five Vietnamese-American writers describe these photographic mementos. It contrasts photographic ekphrases with refugee images from the world media, while exploring postcolonial and other theories in this context. Photographs that cross the diaspora, and photographs hidden inside it, can exercise more influence than their material delicacy suggests. Vietnamese-American literary photographs should sit within contemporary visual culture: the interplay between these discourses allows the images to keep developing within the diaspora.
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Hireche, Aissa, and Hadjer Khadidja Douidi. "Influence de la religion sur les motivations entrepreneuriales chez les étudiants musulmans : cas des étudiants algériens." Management international 21, no. 1 (October 5, 2018): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1052498ar.
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Depuis Weber (1930), il est admis que la religion exerce une certaine influence sur l'entrepreneuriat. Cependant, on ignore encore par quels canaux s'exerce cette influence. Le présent travail de recherche, qui privilégie l'approche multidimensionnelle de la religion, arrive à la conclusion que, à traver ses différentes dimensions, la religion influence les motivations à entreprendre. Il démontre aussi, à partir d'un échantillon d'étudiants musulmans, que dans le cas de la religion islamique, seule la dimension rituelle intervient dans l'influence de la motivation entrepreneuriale.
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Ge (葛兆光), Zhaoguang. "Imagining a Universal Empire: a Study of the Illustrations of the Tributary States of the Myriad Regions Attributed to Li Gonglin." Journal of Chinese Humanities 5, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 124–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23521341-12340077.
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Abstract This article is not concerned with the history of aesthetics but, rather, is an exercise in intellectual history. “Illustrations of Tributary States” [Zhigong tu 職貢圖] as a type of art reveals a Chinese tradition of artistic representations of foreign emissaries paying tribute at the imperial court. This tradition is usually seen as going back to the “Illustrations of Tributary States,” painted by Emperor Yuan in the Liang dynasty 梁元帝 [r. 552-554] in the first half of the sixth century. This series of paintings not only had a lasting influence on aesthetic history but also gave rise to a highly distinctive intellectual tradition in the development of Chinese thought: images of foreign emissaries were used to convey the Celestial Empire’s sense of pride and self-confidence, with representations of strange customs from foreign countries serving as a foil for the image of China as a radiant universal empire at the center of the world. The tradition of “Illustrations of Tributary States” was still very much alive during the time of the Song dynasty [960-1279], when China had to compete with equally powerful neighboring states, the empire’s territory had been significantly diminished, and the Chinese population had become ethnically more homogeneous. In this article, the “Illustrations of the Tributary States of the Myriad Regions” [Wanfang zhigong tu 萬方職貢圖] attributed to Li Gonglin 李公麟 [ca. 1049-1106] and created during the period between the Xining 熙寧 [1068-1077] and Yuanfeng 元豐 [1078-1085] reigns of the Shenzong emperor 神宗 [r. 1067-1085] of the Song dynasty, is used as a case study for investigating the actual tributary relations between the Northern Song [960-1127] state and its neighboring countries. In doing so, I demonstrate that while certain parts of the “Illustrations of the Tributary States of the Myriad Regions” are historically accurate, a considerable portion of the content is the combined product of historical remembrance and the imagination of empire. In the international environment of the Song empire, China was captivated by the dream of being a universal empire envied by its “barbarian” neighbors. Particularly worth emphasizing is the fact that the artistic tradition of painting “Illustrations of Tributary States” as well as the accompanying idea of China as a universal empire continued well into the Qing [1644-1911] period, reflecting the historical longevity and lasting influence of the traditional conception of the relationship between China and the world.
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Shank, Matthew D., and Lynn Langmeyer. "Does Personality Influence Brand Image?" Journal of Psychology 128, no. 2 (March 1994): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1994.9712719.
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