Academic literature on the topic 'Image references'

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Journal articles on the topic "Image references"

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Shirai, Yoshiaki. "References of references in Robotics. References of references in image processing board." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 16, no. 7 (1998): 886–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.16.886.

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PERNER, PETRA, ALEC HOLT, and MICHAEL RICHTER. "Image processing in case-based reasoning." Knowledge Engineering Review 20, no. 3 (2005): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888906000671.

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This commentary summarizes case-based reasoning (CBR) research applied to image processing. It includes references to the systems, workshops, and landmark publications. Image processing includes a variety of image formats, from computer tomography images to remote sensing and spatial data sets.
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Han, Xiongzhe, J. Alex Thomasson, Vaishali Swaminathan, et al. "Field-Based Calibration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Thermal Infrared Imagery with Temperature-Controlled References." Sensors 20, no. 24 (2020): 7098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247098.

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Accurate and reliable calibration methods are required when applying unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based thermal remote sensing in precision agriculture for crop stress monitoring, irrigation planning, and harvesting. The primary objective of this study was to improve the calibration accuracies of UAV-based thermal images using temperature-controlled ground references. Two temperature-controlled ground references were installed in the field to serve as high- and low-temperature references, approximately spanning the expected range of crop surface temperatures during the growing season. Our results showed that the proposed method using temperature-controlled references was able to reduce errors due to ambient conditions from 9.29 to 1.68 °C, when tested with validation panels. There was a significant improvement in crop temperature estimation from the thermal image mosaic, as the error reduced from 14.0 °C in the un-calibrated image to 1.01 °C in the calibrated image. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model (R2 = 0.78; p-value < 0.001; relative RMSE = 2.42%) was established to quantify soil moisture content based on canopy surface temperature and soil type, using UAV-based thermal image data and soil electrical conductivity (ECa) data as the predictor variables.
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FISHER, YUVAL. "FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION." Fractals 02, no. 03 (1994): 347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x94000442.

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This paper begins by presenting a simple explanation of the main ideas in fractal image compression. It then presents a brief discussion of the current state of the art along with some results comparing fractal encoding, JPEG, and a wavelet scheme. The conclusion contains references to many of the latest theoretical and implementation results.
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Jia, Peng, Runyu Ning, Ruiqi Sun, Xiaoshan Yang, and Dongmei Cai. "Data-driven image restoration with option-driven learning for big and small astronomical image data sets." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 501, no. 1 (2020): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3535.

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ABSTRACT Image restoration methods are commonly used to improve the quality of astronomical images. In recent years, developments of deep neural networks and increments of the number of astronomical images have evoked a lot of data-driven image restoration methods. However, most of these methods belong to supervised learning algorithms, which require paired images either from real observations or simulated data as training set. For some applications, it is hard to get enough paired images from real observations and simulated images are quite different from real observed ones. In this paper, we propose a new data-driven image restoration method based on generative adversarial networks with option-driven learning. Our method uses several high-resolution images as references and applies different learning strategies when the number of reference images is different. For sky surveys with variable observation conditions, our method can obtain very stable image restoration results, regardless of the number of reference images.
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Kacher, Sabrina, Gilles Halin, Jean-Claude Bignon, and Pascal Humbert. "A Method for Constructing a Reference Image Database to Assist with Design Process. Application to the Wooden Architecture Domain." International Journal of Architectural Computing 3, no. 2 (2005): 227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1478077054214415.

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Designing architectural projects requires the introduction of references, because design is an activity oriented towards a result which does not yet exist. If we summarise the current categories used in Artificial Intelligence to characterise the different forms of reasoning, we are able to consider that design is more the concern of the induction or the abduction mechanism than the deduction mechanism. Moreover, the main characteristic of the designer's activity is to work towards non-routine situations with the use of many references. In this paper we will present method principles to construct a reference image database. These references will enable the designer to further in solving the design problem. To illustrate these reference usage, we choose photographic images belonging to the wooden construction domain We also present at the end of the paper an experiment which aims to evaluate the real help that this reference image database can bring to designers during their creation task.
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Attia, Salim J. "Assessment of Some Enhancement Methods of Renal X-ray Image." NeuroQuantology 18, no. 12 (2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2020.18.12.nq20231.

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The study focuses on assessment of the quality of some image enhancement methods which were implemented on renal X-ray images. The enhancement methods included Imadjust, Histogram Equalization (HE) and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). The images qualities were calculated to compare input images with output images from these three enhancement techniques. An eight renal x-ray images are collected to perform these methods. Generally, the x-ray images are lack of contrast and low in radiation dosage. This lack of image quality can be amended by enhancement process. Three quality image factors were done to assess the resulted images involved (Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE), Perception based Image Quality Evaluator (PIQE) and Blind References Image Spatial Quality Evaluator (BRISQE)). The quality of images had been heightened by these methods to support the goals of diagnosis. The results of the chosen enhancement methods of collecting images reflected more qualified images than the original images. According to the results of the quality factors and the assessment of radiology experts, the CLAHE method was the best enhancement method.
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Broeckmann, Andreas. "Media Faktura. On some Technical Conditions of Image-Making in Art." Artifact 4, no. 1 (2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/artifact.v4i1.13125.

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The text contributes to the discussion about the ontological status of the "image" by offering an analysis of the technical and material conditions of image-making. Departing from a close reading of French artist Julien Maire's installation "Memory Cone" (2009), the paper discusses four distinct types of technical conditions which determine mediated images: physiological, physical, electronic, and algorithmic. It references art historical examples to argue that such technical conditions have always been fundamental to images, and suggests the interdependency between these medial layers.
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Mguni, Siyakha. "King's monuments: identifying ‘formlings’ in southern African San rock paintings." Antiquity 80, no. 309 (2006): 583–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00094059.

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The author demonstrates that the complex images of rock art known as formlings depict or evoke the equally complex architecture of ant-hills. Presented in cutaway and full of metaphorical references, they go beyond the image into the imagination.
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Widianti, Linda Wahyu, Sarifuddin Madenda, Johan Harlan, Sunny Sudiro, and Farina Pramanik. "Generation of Teeth Caries Features for Human Dental Caries Classification." Jurnal Telekomunikasi dan Komputer 11, no. 3 (2021): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/incomtech.v11i3.13804.

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Many dental diseases are experienced by humans, one of which is dental caries, there are three types of human dental caries, namely enamel caries, dentin caries and pulp caries. This study contains the detection of caries disease in human teeth using two-dimensional images and radiological results of x-ray periapical radiographs from a test image dataset that has a number of pixels between 374x288 to 672x514 pixels with an image resolution of 96 DPI. The original data of existing dental images was processed using Matlab language to obtain caries features through three stages of the processes: pre-processing stage which are stages of the preprocessing process that converts data from a two-dimensional color image (row/height, column/width) that is stored using three channels Red, Green and Blue (RGB), into a grayscale image with one channel, the process of extracting dental caries features by performing calculations caries area and calculate the distance of the caries area to the nerve canal (pulp), and the process of building learning or reference data from dental caries using 24 radiograph periapical data on molar tooth images processed using Matlab. Dental caries features extraction process and the features learning process to generate references features from dental caries is the main objective of this research. This study result was references features for human dental caries classification.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Image references"

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Mikhail, Carmen. "Body image in anorexic, bulimic, and overweight women : selection of references." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74636.

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This thesis deals with factors which may be related to faulty body image in anorexic, bulimic, overweight, and non-eating-disordered (ED) women. It was found that anorexic, bulimic, and overweight women overestimated their body sizes whereas non-eating-disordered controls were accurate regardless of assessment method. Additionally, ED women had slimmer notions of average, normal-healthy, ideal and own ideal sizes than did controls. For controls and successful dieters, the larger one perceived oneself to be the larger were one's selection of references sizes; this was not found for anorexic and bulimic women, nor for unsuccessful dieters. Successful dieters in a weight loss program had more accurate body images and selected larger references than did unsuccessful dieters. Body size confrontation resulted in more accurate body image and in more positive attitudes toward dieting in anorexics.
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Jensen, Kimberly A. "Bio-surfaces and geometric references for a standardized biomechanical design methodology for mass customization /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2251.pdf.

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Stott, Katherine Margaret. "Rereading the 'books' of the Hebrew Bible : a comparative study of references to written documents in the Hebrew Bible and classical literature /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18669.pdf.

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Holland, Brett William. "A critical commentary exploring the potential inclusion of operatic arias in the traditional song recital. : references to Johannes Brahms Vier Ernste Gesänge OP. 121, Fünf Lieder Opus 105 and bass arias from Macbeth and Simon Boccanegra by Giuseppe Verdi. /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18174.pdf.

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Lally, Evan M. "Fourier Transform Interferometry for 3D Mapping of Rough and Discontinuous Surfaces." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27542.

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Of the wide variety of existing optical techniques for non-contact 3D surface mapping, Fourier Transform Interferometry (FTI) is the method that most elegantly combines simplicity with high speed and high resolution. FTI generates continuous-phase surface maps from a projected optical interference pattern, which is generated with a simple double-pinhole source and collected in a single snapshot using conventional digital camera technology. For enhanced stability and reduced system size, the fringe source can be made from a fiber optic coupler. Unfortunately, many applications require mapping of surfaces that contain challenging features not ideally suited for reconstruction using FTI. Rough and discontinuous surfaces, commonly seen in applications requiring imaging of rock particles, present a unique set of obstacles that cannot be overcome using existing FTI techniques. This work is based on an original analysis of the limitations of FTI and the means in which errors are generated by the particular features encountered in the aggregate mapping application. Several innovative solutions have been developed to enable the use of FTI on rough and discontinuous surfaces. Through filter optimization and development of a novel phase unwrapping and referencing technique, the Method of Multiple References (MoMR), this work has enabled surface error correction and simultaneous imaging of multiple particles using FTI. A complete aggregate profilometry system has been constructed, including a MoMR-FTI software package and graphical user interface, to implement these concepts. The system achieves better than 22µm z-axis resolution, and comprehensive testing has proven it capable to handle a wide variety of particle surfaces. A range of additional features have been developed, such as error correction, particle boundary mapping, and automatic data quality windowing, to enhance the usefulness of the system in its intended application. Because of its high accuracy, high speed and ability to map varied particles, the developed system is ideally suited for large-scale aggregate characterization in highway research laboratories. Additionally, the techniques developed in this work are potentially useful in a large number of applications in which surface roughness or discontinuities pose a challenge.<br>Ph. D.
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Zribi, Salma. "Voir, savoir, concevoir : une méthode d’assistance à la conception d’ambiances lumineuses par l’utilisation d’images références." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL061N/document.

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La lumière naturelle est une préoccupation forte dans la conception du projet architectural. Elle a une grande influence sur le confort visuel et la qualité architecturale des espaces intérieurs. Plusieurs méthodes et outils ont été développés pour assister les architectes dans la conception des ambiances lumineuses. L’analyse de ces différentes méthodes et outils montre qu’ils sont peu adaptés à l’activité de formulation des intentions des concepteurs durant les premières phases de conception.Dans le cadre de cette thèse, notre objectif est d’améliorer ces premières phases de conception en apportant aux concepteurs une aide pour la formalisation de leurs intentions d’ambiances lumineuses. L’objectif poursuivi étant de faire de la lumière naturelle un fil conducteur dans le développement du projet architectural.L’étude de la pratique des concepteurs durant les premières phases de conception fait apparaître qu’ils font fréquemment appel à des références jouant le rôle de dispositifs heuristiques. L’analyse des caractéristiques de ces références et de leur évocation montre que les images comme formes de référence favorisent l’expression des désirs, des souhaits et des intentions du concepteur. L’assistance à l’activité de référenciation par les images serait donc une aide précieuse dans la formalisation des intentions pour la prise en compte de la lumière naturelle dans la conception de projet.Nous développons une méthode fondée sur la constitution d’une base d’images références représentatives des ambiances lumineuses et sur un environnement de manipulation et exploration particulière de cette base. Pour ce faire, nous considérons d’une part le rôle de l’image-référence comme élément actif du raisonnement visuel et d’autre part, les aspects du processus de référenciation notamment dans un mode de raisonnement analogique.Cette méthode a été implémentée dans un outil prototype dénommé « day@mbiance ». Cet outil propose une base d’images composée de photographies illustrant des espaces intérieurs en éclairage naturel. Ces dernières sont indexées à partir d’un thésaurus original dédié aux « ambiances lumineuses ». L’outil, par ailleurs, expérimente différents modes de navigation par l’image qui sont définis de manière à stimuler les différentes activités cognitives dans chacune des phases du processus de référenciation.Enfin, la méthode développée a été testée lors d’une phase expérimentale qui a validé les éléments méthodologiques développés<br>The natural light is a strong concern in the design of an architectural project. It has a great influence on visual comfort and architectural quality of interior spaces. Several methods and tools have been developed to assist architects in the design of bright atmospheres. Analysis of these different methods and tools showed that they are not well adapted to the designers activity during the early stages of design. In this thesis, our objective is to enhance the early stages of design by providing designers with a support for the formalization of their intentions of bright atmospheres. The aim is to make natural light a thread in the development of the architectural project. The study of the practice of designers during the early stages of design has shown that they frequently use references acting as heuristic devices. Analysis of the characteristics of these references and their evocation showed that images, as type of references, promote the expression of desires, wishes and intentions of the designer. Assistance to the activity of referring by the images would be a valuable aid in the formalization of intentions to include the natural light into the project design. We developed a method based on developping an image database of representative references of bright atmosphere and supported with a handling environment and exploration of this particular base. To achieve this, we consider, in the one hand, the role of the reference-image as the active item of visual reasoning and, on the other hand, aspects of referring process, specially, in a mode of analogical reasoning. This method has been implemented in a prototype tool called « day@mbiance ». This tool provides an image database composed of photographs of interior spaces with natural lighting. These images are indexed using an original thesaurus dedicated to « bright atmosphere ». The tool also experiments different modes of navigation through images that are defined in order to stimulate different cognitive activities in each stage of the referring process
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Hettiarachchi, Don Lahiru Nirmal Manikka. "An Accelerated General Purpose No-Reference Image Quality Assessment Metric and an Image Fusion Technique." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1470048998.

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Zribi, Salma. "Voir, savoir, concevoir : une méthode d’assistance à la conception d’ambiances lumineuses par l’utilisation d’images références." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL061N.

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La lumière naturelle est une préoccupation forte dans la conception du projet architectural. Elle a une grande influence sur le confort visuel et la qualité architecturale des espaces intérieurs. Plusieurs méthodes et outils ont été développés pour assister les architectes dans la conception des ambiances lumineuses. L’analyse de ces différentes méthodes et outils montre qu’ils sont peu adaptés à l’activité de formulation des intentions des concepteurs durant les premières phases de conception.Dans le cadre de cette thèse, notre objectif est d’améliorer ces premières phases de conception en apportant aux concepteurs une aide pour la formalisation de leurs intentions d’ambiances lumineuses. L’objectif poursuivi étant de faire de la lumière naturelle un fil conducteur dans le développement du projet architectural.L’étude de la pratique des concepteurs durant les premières phases de conception fait apparaître qu’ils font fréquemment appel à des références jouant le rôle de dispositifs heuristiques. L’analyse des caractéristiques de ces références et de leur évocation montre que les images comme formes de référence favorisent l’expression des désirs, des souhaits et des intentions du concepteur. L’assistance à l’activité de référenciation par les images serait donc une aide précieuse dans la formalisation des intentions pour la prise en compte de la lumière naturelle dans la conception de projet.Nous développons une méthode fondée sur la constitution d’une base d’images références représentatives des ambiances lumineuses et sur un environnement de manipulation et exploration particulière de cette base. Pour ce faire, nous considérons d’une part le rôle de l’image-référence comme élément actif du raisonnement visuel et d’autre part, les aspects du processus de référenciation notamment dans un mode de raisonnement analogique.Cette méthode a été implémentée dans un outil prototype dénommé « day@mbiance ». Cet outil propose une base d’images composée de photographies illustrant des espaces intérieurs en éclairage naturel. Ces dernières sont indexées à partir d’un thésaurus original dédié aux « ambiances lumineuses ». L’outil, par ailleurs, expérimente différents modes de navigation par l’image qui sont définis de manière à stimuler les différentes activités cognitives dans chacune des phases du processus de référenciation.Enfin, la méthode développée a été testée lors d’une phase expérimentale qui a validé les éléments méthodologiques développés<br>The natural light is a strong concern in the design of an architectural project. It has a great influence on visual comfort and architectural quality of interior spaces. Several methods and tools have been developed to assist architects in the design of bright atmospheres. Analysis of these different methods and tools showed that they are not well adapted to the designers activity during the early stages of design. In this thesis, our objective is to enhance the early stages of design by providing designers with a support for the formalization of their intentions of bright atmospheres. The aim is to make natural light a thread in the development of the architectural project. The study of the practice of designers during the early stages of design has shown that they frequently use references acting as heuristic devices. Analysis of the characteristics of these references and their evocation showed that images, as type of references, promote the expression of desires, wishes and intentions of the designer. Assistance to the activity of referring by the images would be a valuable aid in the formalization of intentions to include the natural light into the project design. We developed a method based on developping an image database of representative references of bright atmosphere and supported with a handling environment and exploration of this particular base. To achieve this, we consider, in the one hand, the role of the reference-image as the active item of visual reasoning and, on the other hand, aspects of referring process, specially, in a mode of analogical reasoning. This method has been implemented in a prototype tool called « day@mbiance ». This tool provides an image database composed of photographs of interior spaces with natural lighting. These images are indexed using an original thesaurus dedicated to « bright atmosphere ». The tool also experiments different modes of navigation through images that are defined in order to stimulate different cognitive activities in each stage of the referring process
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de, Silva Manawaduge Supun Samudika. "An Approach to Utilize a No-Reference Image Quality Metric and Fusion Technique for the Enhancement of Color Images." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1470049079.

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Goodenow, Daniel P. "A reference guide to JPEG compression /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11714.

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Books on the topic "Image references"

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Inc, Apple Computer, ed. Apple image writer II technical reference manual. Addison-Wesley, 1986.

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Wilson, Frank J. Histology Image Review. Appleton & Lange, 1996.

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(firm), Uniras. FGL/IMAGE user guide and reference manual: Version 6.3a. 2nd ed. Manchester Computing Centre,University of Manchester, 1992.

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Johannes, Plass, Klanten Robert, and Raffel Carsten, eds. Mutabor: Lingua grafica : major reference work for image language. Die Gestalten Verlag, 2001.

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Design elements: Using images to create graphic impact : a graphic style manual for effective image solutions in graphic design. Rockport Publishers, 2013.

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(firm), Uniras. Uniras FGL/IMAGE user guide and reference manual: Version 6. University of Manchester Regional Computing Centre for the Information Services Group of the Inter-University Committee on Computing, 1989.

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Busch, David D. Digital photography: All-in-one desk reference for dummies. 3rd ed. Wiley, 2006.

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Busch, David D. Digital Photography All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2006.

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Tufnell, Miranda. Body space image: Notes towards improvisation and performance. Virago, 1990.

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Chris, Crickmay, ed. Body, space, image: Notes towards improvisation and performance. Dance Books, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Image references"

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Cao, Frédéric. "References." In Geometric Curve Evolution and Image Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36392-7_9.

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Minton, Gretchen E. "Appendix 5: Marginal References." In John Bale’s 'The Image of Both Churches'. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7296-0_32.

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Belaïd, A., and Y. Chenevoy. "Constraint propagation vs syntactical analysis for the logical structure recognition of library references." In Advances in Document Image Analysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63791-5_11.

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Zhang, Zizhao, Pingjun Chen, Manish Sapkota, and Lin Yang. "TandemNet: Distilling Knowledge from Medical Images Using Diagnostic Reports as Optional Semantic References." In Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention − MICCAI 2017. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66179-7_37.

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Bigand, André, Julien Dehos, Christophe Renaud, and Joseph Constantin. "Reduced-Reference Methods." In Image Quality Assessment of Computer-generated Images. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73543-6_5.

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Moreno Paz, María del Carmen. "The translation of cultural references of Spanish wines in English websites." In Text and Wine. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ivitra.38.11mor.

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The wine sector in Spain constitutes an important source of income and depends largely on foreign trade. As it will be shown in the following paper, cultural references are often used to render commercial texts about wine more appealing, creating a certain image of Spain abroad. Thus, an analysis of three texts from an English commercial website will be carried out, in order to observe the translation procedures used to transfer realia related to wine to approach Spanish wine culture to a British English audience. This will eventually allow us to determine the best translation procedures for cultural references in this type of texts, which could in turn be useful for commercial texts produced in Spain that need to be translated in English.
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Bigand, André, Julien Dehos, Christophe Renaud, and Joseph Constantin. "Full-Reference Methods and Machine Learning." In Image Quality Assessment of Computer-generated Images. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73543-6_4.

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Bigand, André, Julien Dehos, Christophe Renaud, and Joseph Constantin. "No-Reference Methods and Fuzzy Sets." In Image Quality Assessment of Computer-generated Images. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73543-6_6.

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"References." In Image Processing. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047003534x.refs.

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"References." In Image Processing. De Gruyter, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110524116-010.

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Conference papers on the topic "Image references"

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Lin, T. William, and Jianyi Lu. "Determination of binary image contours from the distribution of correlated results." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.thmm12.

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In optical correlation processes, the intensities of correlation peaks generally serve as the tool for decision-making process in pattern recognition use. The distribution at the correlation plan provides the information for determining the existence of the object being recognized in the references and its whereabouts. However, in a binary pattern recognition process, this distribution at the correlation plane also provides information about the contour of the input object if references are properly chosen. This type of information offers a possibility of updating the reference image when a good match between the input object and the reference images does not exist. Consequently, the reference image can be modified toward the shape of the input image so that an adaptive recognition process can be achieved. In this paper, interpretation of the distribution of correlated result toward the contour of binary input image is investigated. A generalization of these interpretations is formulated and presented. An optical correlator based on joint transform architecture is used to verify the generalized interpretation and the proposed adaptive recognition process.
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Yu, Francis T. S., Eddy Tam, X. Li, S. Jutamulia, and Don A. Gregory. "Detection of rotational and scale varying objects with a programmable joint transform correlator." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.fp7.

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Pattern recognition requires the identification of an object with unknown orientation and variable scale. To solve this problem, multireference images can be used. However, there is a limit space-bandwidth product available in the optical system. A large number of references would essentially saturate the image space which would degrade the accuracy and the reliability of detection. To implement multiple references in the same plane, the information content of each reference image must be reduced. This reduction is achieved by using only the edge information in the reference image. In general, using an edge-enhanced image provides higher accuracy of detection, thus reducing the ambiguity of the spatial content. We note that the joint transform correlator has advantages such as simplicity in reference generation and lower resolution requirements, which are very suitable for electrically addressed low-resolution spatial light modulators such as LCTVs.
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Nie, Lin, Keze Wang, Wenxiong Kang, and Yuefang Gao. "Image Retrieval with Attribute-Associated Auxiliary References." In 2017 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dicta.2017.8227444.

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Pavez, Eduardo, Enrique Perez, Xin Xiong, Antonio Ortega, and Balu Adsumilli. "Compression of User Generated Content Using Denoised References." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897437.

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Ozbek, N., and A. M. Tekalp. "FAST H.264/AVC video encoding with multiple frame references." In 2005 International Conference on Image Processing. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1529821.

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Yi, Yanzhi, Hangyu Deng, and Jinglu Hu. "Improving Image Captioning Evaluation by Considering Inter References Variance." In Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.93.

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Hrabina, Jan, Michal Jelinek, Radim Skoupy, et al. "Laser spectroscopy references based on hollow-core photonic crystal fibers." In 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications. OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/3d.2020.jtu2a.30.

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Yu, Wanji, Kiyoshi Nakagawa, and Takumi Minemoto. "All-optical Subtracted Joint Transform Correlator." In Optics in Computing. Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oc.1997.otue.8.

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When the classical joint transform correlator (CJTC) was applied to pattern recognition, one of the most well known disadvantages was that the cross correlation signals between the object and the reference patterns as well as those between the reference patterns themselves would join closely in the same output plane. This fact causes inconvenience to identify the necessary output correlation signals between the object and the references, especially when a large number of references was used in the input image. Q.Zhan and T.Minemoto(1) proposed the subtracted joint transform correlator(SJTC) to remove the correlation signals between the references from the output plane, and the binnary subtracted joint transform correlator(BSJTC) to improve furthermore the output correlation results. According to the SJTC and BSJTC, the cross correlations between the references had been successfully removed from the output plane by subtracting the Fourier power spectrum of the references from the joint Fourier power spectrum of the input image. Thus far, the subtraction processing was performed by a computer. In this paper, a new all-optical SJTC system is proposed. In this system, a holographic interference was introduced to perform the subtraction of the Fourier power spectrum of reference patterns. There is not any digital processing by a computer in the system, it is possible to achieve the real time SJTC. The experimental arrangement of the system, the shift-invariant characteristics and the dscriminability of input patterns are described in the following.
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Istrate, George Dan. "The image of the other in titles pertaining to visual arts. References to painting." In International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/56.

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The term multiculturalism is very complex and implies, among other things, the ethnic and cultural differences that exist in a specific geographical area. Our aim is to investigate the way in which these differences are noticeable in paintings and are perceived in the context of the analysis of the titles of paintings. As a part of this approach, we have to consider first and foremost the relations between the linguistic sign and the visual one. Practically, the title sequence which sets apart a visual work from all the others functions as a personal name; it is a linguistic sign which, first of all, identifies and individualises so that further on, from the point of view of the communicative process, it establishes a contact with the public who is informed about the existence of a specific visual text. Our research aims to present a typology of the titles which evoke the image of the other in the field of painting. It is limited to the Romanian cultural area, given the fact that, starting with the 19th century, this topic is well illustrated. We find it interesting to address a series of titles of paintings containing ethnonyms, as they represent characteristic images of several ethnicities found in Romania: Jews, Tartars, Roma.
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Watt, David W., and Charles M. Vest. "Digital interferometry for flow visualization in the presence of gross periodic noise." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.mw8.

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Digital interferometry is a hybrid optical-digital two-exposure holographic technique in which the interferogram image intensity is recorded at each of several, known, discrete phase shifts. From these image data the sign and magnitude of the interferogram phase may be evaluated to a high degree of accuracy. This technique is especially useful in flow visualization because it allows visu­alization of very weak flows and aids in understanding very complex ones. In nonreal-time digital interferometry, two references are used. Reconstruction with both references creates a high contrast fringe pattern on the hologram surface. Although this may be minimized by imaging techniques, it severely degrades the interferogram in applications requiring the object to be close to the hologram. This noise causes periodic distortion of the computed phase, in some cases completely washing out the signal. However, applying image filtering algorithms to the image data can remove the noise from heavily degraded images and allow the signal to be faithfully reconstructed. We dis cuss image filtering methods and present several experimental examples including the use of this technique with pulsed laser interferometry.
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Reports on the topic "Image references"

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A, Bengolea, Chamorro F, Ozon N, Catalano HN, and Izcovich A. Effectiveness and safety of utilizing imaging techniques to guide treatment in patients with venous thromboembolism. Epistemonikos Interactive Evidence Synthesis, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/ies.2b03926263.v1.

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Objective The objective of this systematic review is to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of imaging to determine the duration of anticoagulant treatment in patients with thrombosis of any cause (idiopathic, resolved secondary or chronic) who have completed a period of 3 to 6 months of oral anticoagulant treatment. Methods In order to identify randomized clinical trials that evaluate our question of interest, we performed exhaustive searches in Epistemonikos and PubMed, from the date of creation of each source until February 2024. Additionally, we considered additional sources to identify trials that may not have been identified through electronic search. Two reviewers independently selected included studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We performed a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) and prepared summary tables of findings as recommended by the GRADE group. The results of this review were presented to a team of clinical experts from the medical clinic service of the German Hospital of Buenos Aires, who analyzed and made judgments for each of the proposed criteria within the framework of the evidence for the decision. After making judgments for each criterion, the experts formulated the clinical recommendation for the problem of interest. Result Through the search strategy, 514 references were identified and examined by title and abstract. Of these, 17 references were included for full-text evaluation. Finally, 2 randomized clinical trials were included. The evidence on the use of CT or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with thromboembolic events of any type is very uncertain. The evidence on the use of tomography or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with idiopathic thromboembolic events secondary to transient and/or chronic risk factors (patients with cancer) is very uncertain. Clinical recommendation The medical clinic service of the German Hospital [link_recommendation|recommendation](does not recommend using image-guided strategies to suspend anticoagulant treatment in patients with thromboembolisms) (CONDITIONAL RECOMMENDATION AGAINST, VERY LOW CERTAINTY IN THE EVIDENCE). Conclusions In this systematic review, we explored the usefulness of using imaging (tomography or venous Doppler) to determine the continuity of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with venous thrombosis. However, the evidence derived from the included studies has very low certainty.
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A, Bengolea, Chamorro F, Ozon N, Catalano HN, and Izcovich A. Effectiveness and safety of utilizing imaging techniques to guide treatment in patients with venous thromboembolism. Epistemonikos Interactive Evidence Synthesis, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/ies.2b03926263.

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Objective The objective of this systematic review is to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of imaging to determine the duration of anticoagulant treatment in patients with thrombosis of any cause (idiopathic, resolved secondary or chronic) who have completed a period of 3 to 6 months of oral anticoagulant treatment. Methods In order to identify randomized clinical trials that evaluate our question of interest, we performed exhaustive searches in Epistemonikos and PubMed, from the date of creation of each source until February 2024. Additionally, we considered additional sources to identify trials that may not have been identified through electronic search. Two reviewers independently selected included studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We performed a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) and prepared summary tables of findings as recommended by the GRADE group. The results of this review were presented to a team of clinical experts from the medical clinic service of the German Hospital of Buenos Aires, who analyzed and made judgments for each of the proposed criteria within the framework of the evidence for the decision. After making judgments for each criterion, the experts formulated the clinical recommendation for the problem of interest. Result Through the search strategy, 514 references were identified and examined by title and abstract. Of these, 17 references were included for full-text evaluation. Finally, 2 randomized clinical trials were included. The evidence on the use of CT or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with thromboembolic events of any type is very uncertain. The evidence on the use of tomography or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with idiopathic thromboembolic events secondary to transient and/or chronic risk factors (patients with cancer) is very uncertain. Clinical recommendation The medical clinic service of the German Hospital [link_recommendation|recommendation](does not recommend using image-guided strategies to suspend anticoagulant treatment in patients with thromboembolisms) (CONDITIONAL RECOMMENDATION AGAINST, VERY LOW CERTAINTY IN THE EVIDENCE). Conclusions In this systematic review, we explored the usefulness of using imaging (tomography or venous Doppler) to determine the continuity of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with venous thrombosis. However, the evidence derived from the included studies has very low certainty.
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Sherwood, R., and R. Searfus. ISLE (Image and Signal Processing LISP Environment) reference manual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6996036.

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Anderson, Gerald L., and Kalman Peleg. Precision Cropping by Remotely Sensed Prorotype Plots and Calibration in the Complex Domain. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7585193.bard.

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This research report describes a methodology whereby multi-spectral and hyperspectral imagery from remote sensing, is used for deriving predicted field maps of selected plant growth attributes which are required for precision cropping. A major task in precision cropping is to establish areas of the field that differ from the rest of the field and share a common characteristic. Yield distribution f maps can be prepared by yield monitors, which are available for some harvester types. Other field attributes of interest in precision cropping, e.g. soil properties, leaf Nitrate, biomass etc. are obtained by manual sampling of the filed in a grid pattern. Maps of various field attributes are then prepared from these samples by the "Inverse Distance" interpolation method or by Kriging. An improved interpolation method was developed which is based on minimizing the overall curvature of the resulting map. Such maps are the ground truth reference, used for training the algorithm that generates the predicted field maps from remote sensing imagery. Both the reference and the predicted maps are stratified into "Prototype Plots", e.g. 15xl5 blocks of 2m pixels whereby the block size is 30x30m. This averaging reduces the datasets to manageable size and significantly improves the typically poor repeatability of remote sensing imaging systems. In the first two years of the project we used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), for generating predicted yield maps of sugar beets and com. The NDVI was computed from image cubes of three spectral bands, generated by an optically filtered three camera video imaging system. A two dimensional FFT based regression model Y=f(X), was used wherein Y was the reference map and X=NDVI was the predictor. The FFT regression method applies the "Wavelet Based", "Pixel Block" and "Image Rotation" transforms to the reference and remote images, prior to the Fast - Fourier Transform (FFT) Regression method with the "Phase Lock" option. A complex domain based map Yfft is derived by least squares minimization between the amplitude matrices of X and Y, via the 2D FFT. For one time predictions, the phase matrix of Y is combined with the amplitude matrix ofYfft, whereby an improved predicted map Yplock is formed. Usually, the residuals of Y plock versus Y are about half of the values of Yfft versus Y. For long term predictions, the phase matrix of a "field mask" is combined with the amplitude matrices of the reference image Y and the predicted image Yfft. The field mask is a binary image of a pre-selected region of interest in X and Y. The resultant maps Ypref and Ypred aremodified versions of Y and Yfft respectively. The residuals of Ypred versus Ypref are even lower than the residuals of Yplock versus Y. The maps, Ypref and Ypred represent a close consensus of two independent imaging methods which "view" the same target. In the last two years of the project our remote sensing capability was expanded by addition of a CASI II airborne hyperspectral imaging system and an ASD hyperspectral radiometer. Unfortunately, the cross-noice and poor repeatability problem we had in multi-spectral imaging was exasperated in hyperspectral imaging. We have been able to overcome this problem by over-flying each field twice in rapid succession and developing the Repeatability Index (RI). The RI quantifies the repeatability of each spectral band in the hyperspectral image cube. Thereby, it is possible to select the bands of higher repeatability for inclusion in the prediction model while bands of low repeatability are excluded. Further segregation of high and low repeatability bands takes place in the prediction model algorithm, which is based on a combination of a "Genetic Algorithm" and Partial Least Squares", (PLS-GA). In summary, modus operandi was developed, for deriving important plant growth attribute maps (yield, leaf nitrate, biomass and sugar percent in beets), from remote sensing imagery, with sufficient accuracy for precision cropping applications. This achievement is remarkable, given the inherently high cross-noice between the reference and remote imagery as well as the highly non-repeatable nature of remote sensing systems. The above methodologies may be readily adopted by commercial companies, which specialize in proving remotely sensed data to farmers.
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Malinowski, Owen, Scott Riccardella, and Jason Van Velsor. PR-335-203810-R03 CT Fundamentals with Calibration and Reference Standards for Pipeline Anomaly Detection. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012216.

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X-ray Computed Tomography (XRCT) was initially developed and utilized in the medical industry to image the internal structure of the human body. X-ray imaging was conceived and realized at the turn of the 20th century and subsequently, XRCT, was conceived in the middle of the 20th century and its development continues today. Near the end of the 20th century industrial cone beam XRCT for applications such as dimensional metrology branched off, including its use for identifying and dimensioning flaws. XRCT has been utilized successfully for three-dimensional imaging of flaws in the small panel cut-outs from steel oil and gas transmission pipelines. However, the performance of XRCT on full-circumference pipe samples has not been assessed to determine if the technology can be used to obtain flaw dimensional information with the same accuracy that has been observed on panel cut-outs. This would enable the industry to generate full-circumference reference samples with well-characterize flaw dimensions, which would be much more practical and useful for qualification, certification, and validation of inline inspection and nondestructive examination tools, personnel, and procedures. This tasks for this project were to evaluate the state-of-the-art in XRCT technology, establish guidelines for XRCT scanning of pipeline samples, compare XRCT performance on artificial and natural flaws, and compare performance of lab-based and in-the-ditch XRCT technologies on artificial and natural flaws through scanning multiple samples utilizing multiple XRCT vendors and subsequently destructive testing the samples. The overall objective of the project was to determine if XRCT is a viable alternative to destructive testing for collecting "truth" data from flaw reference samples. Related webinar
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Neeley, Aimee, Stace E. Beaulieu, Chris Proctor, et al. Standards and practices for reporting plankton and other particle observations from images. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27377.

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This technical manual guides the user through the process of creating a data table for the submission of taxonomic and morphological information for plankton and other particles from images to a repository. Guidance is provided to produce documentation that should accompany the submission of plankton and other particle data to a repository, describes data collection and processing techniques, and outlines the creation of a data file. Field names include scientificName that represents the lowest level taxonomic classification (e.g., genus if not certain of species, family if not certain of genus) and scientificNameID, the unique identifier from a reference database such as the World Register of Marine Species or AlgaeBase. The data table described here includes the field names associatedMedia, scientificName/ scientificNameID for both automated and manual identification, biovolume, area_cross_section, length_representation and width_representation. Additional steps that instruct the user on how to format their data for a submission to the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) are also included. Examples of documentation and data files are provided for the user to follow. The documentation requirements and data table format are approved by both NASA’s SeaWiFS Bio-optical Archive and Storage System (SeaBASS) and the National Science Foundation’s Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO).
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Domínguez, Roberto. Perceptions of the European Union in Latin America. Fundación Carolina, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt76en.

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This working paper examines the puzzle of the gaps between the images that the EU projects, voluntarily and involuntarily, and the perceptions of the EU in Latin America. After reviewing some of the debates related to the role of perceptions in public policy and EU Public Diplomacy (EUPD), the paper analyzes some critical developments in global perceptions of the EU based on the study Update of the 2015 Analysis of the Perception of the EU and EU Policies Abroad (2021 Update Study), which assessed the attitudes of the EU in 13 countries. The third section examines some studies on the attitudes of the EU in Latin America, including some contributions from Latinobarometer. The fourth section offers comparative cases of EU perception in Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia based on the findings of the 2021 Update Study. The analysis of each country relies on the interpretation of surveys with some references to the press analysis and interview methods provided in the 2021 Update Study. Each case discusses specific trends in the following areas: visibility, primary descriptors, global economics, and international leadership. Also, it identifies some patterns in perceptions of the EU in social development, climate change, research/technology, development assistance, culture, the case of the critical juncture in the survey (pandemic), and the EU as a normative setter. The final section offers some general trends in the perceptions of the EU in Latin America.
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Hammouti, A., S. Larmagnat, C. Rivard, and D. Pham Van Bang. Use of CT-scan images to build geomaterial 3D pore network representation in preparation for numerical simulations of fluid flow and heat transfer, Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331502.

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Non-intrusive techniques such as medical CT-Scan or micro-CT allow the definition of 3D connected pore networks in porous materials, such as sedimentary rocks or concrete. The definition of these networks is a key step towards the evaluation of fluid flow and heat transfer in energy resource (e.g., hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs) and CO2 sequestration research projects. As material heterogeneities play a role at all scales (from micro- to project-scale), numerical models represent a powerful tool for bridging the gap between small-scale measurements provided by X-ray imaging techniques and larger-scale transport properties. This study uses pre-existing medical CT-scan datasets of reference material, namely glass beads and conventional reservoir rocks (Berea sandstone, Boise sandstone, Indiana limestone) to extract the 3D geometry of connected pores using an open-source software (Spam). Pore networks from rock samples were generated from dry and then saturated samples. Binarized datasets were produced for these materials (generated by a thresholding technique) to obtain pore size distribution and tortuosity, as well as preferential paths for fluid flow. Average porosities were also calculated for comparison with those obtained by conventional commercial laboratory techniques. The results obtained show that this approach works well for medium and coarse-grained materials that do not contain a large percentage of fine particles. However, this approach does not allow representative networks to be obtained for fine-grained rocks, due to the fact that small pores (or pore throats) cannot be taken into account in the datasets obtained from the medical CT-Scan. A next step, using datasets produced from a micro- CT scan, is planned in order to be able to generate representative networks in this type of material as well.
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DiGrande, Laura, Sue Pedrazzani, Elizabeth Kinyara, et al. Field Interviewer– Administered Dietary Recalls in Participants’ Homes: A Feasibility Study Using the US Department of Agriculture’s Automated Multiple-Pass Method. RTI Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.mr.0045.2105.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of administering the Automated Multiple-Pass Method (AMPM), a widely used tool for collecting 24-hour dietary recalls, in participants’ homes by field interviewers. Design: The design included computer-assisted personal interviews led by either a nutritionist (standard) or field interviewer. Portion estimators tested were a set of three-dimensional food models (standard), a two-dimensional food model booklet, or a tablet with digital images rendered via augmented reality. Setting: Residences in central North Carolina. Participants: English-speaking adults. Pregnant women and individuals who were fasting were excluded. Results: Among 133 interviews, most took place in living rooms (52%) or kitchens (22%). Mean interview time was 40 minutes (range 13–90), with no difference by interviewer type or portion estimator, although timing for nutritionist-led interviews declined significantly over the study period. Forty-five percent of participants referenced items from their homes to facilitate recall and portion estimation. Data entry and post-interview coding was evaluated and determined to be consistent with requirements for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Values for the number of food items consumed, food groups, energy intake (average of 3,011 kcal for men and 2,105 kcal for women), and key nutrients were determined to be plausible and within reasonably expected ranges regardless of interviewer type or portion estimator used. Conclusions: AMPM dietary recall interviews conducted in the home are feasible and may be preferable to clinical administration because of comfort and the opportunity for participants to access home items for recall. AMPMs administered by field interviewers using the food model booklet produced credible nutrition data that was comparable to AMPMs administered by nutritionists. Training field interviewers in dietary recall and conducting home interviews may be sensible choices for nutrition studies when response rates and cost are concerns.
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Thompson, Anna, Michael Loso, Sydney Mooneyham, Brandon Tober, Christopher Larsen, and John Holt. Surficial geology and proglacial lake change at S?t? Tlein (Malaspina Glacier), Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301689.

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S?t? Tlein (Tlingit for ?Big Glacier?) is the traditional name for what has recently been called Malaspina Glacier, the largest glacier in Alaska. The piedmont terminal lobe of S?t? Tlein is protected from the adjacent Pacific Ocean by a narrow, vegetated foreland dotted with proglacial lakes. Ice of the piedmont lobe is largely covered with debris and vegetation. These lakes and sedimentary deposits impact rates of melt and calving and therefore impact ongoing evolution of the glacier itself. To document these features, we present 1) a new surficial geology map for the foreland and piedmont lobe of S?t? Tlein (an area of 3477 km2) at a scale of 1:24,000, and 2) a detailed time-series of proglacial lake extents. The surficial geology is referenced to a 2012 IFSAR Digital Terrain Model with 5-m resolution, supplemented with additional satellite images, maps, and digital elevation models. We visited the foreland in 2021 to ground-truth portions of the mapped area. Lake outlines were digitized from Landsat imagery, focusing on lakes adjacent to the central ?Seward Lobe? of S?t? Tlein. A majority of the mapping area is occupied by glacier ice, a sizable fraction of which is covered by supraglacial debris of varying thicknesses. Off glacier, in the foreland, glacial outwash is the most common mapping unit, followed by moraines of varying ages and finally by marine beaches, bars, and lagoons. Perhaps surprisingly, given significant changes in the glacier itself over the last half-century, these deposits have not changed dramatically since a similar map was produced by Plafker and Miller in 1958. The most significant changes we found are related to lake development. Other than Malaspina Lake, the largest and most persistent lake in the foreland, proglacial lakes were uncommon in the foreland in 1958. Our mapping shows that lake numbers on the Seward Lobe increased from 5 to more than 200 between 1972 and 2020. Most of the new thermokarst lakes are small, compared to Malaspina Lake, but may be having strong impacts on the future evolution of S?t? Tlein. One of these new lakes, Sitkagi Lagoon, is ice-walled and receives input from the Pacific Ocean, portending the possible initiation of catastrophic tidewater glacier retreat.
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