Academic literature on the topic 'Imagerie de résistivité électrique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Imagerie de résistivité électrique"
Saadi, Sanae, Driss Khattach, Mohamed Sbaa, Mohamed El Kharmouz, and Olivier Kaufmann. "Reconnaissance par imagerie électrique du site pollué de la décharge publique de la ville d’Oujda (Maroc oriental)." Revue des sciences de l’eau 28, no. 2 (July 7, 2015): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1032296ar.
Full textK.-Seguin, Maurice, and Michel Allard. "La géophysique appliquée au pergélisol, Québec nordique : historique et développements récents." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 41, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032670ar.
Full textFrançois, Benjamin, Jean-Christophe Gourry, and Jacques Deparis. "Détection de panache de lixiviats par tomographie de résistivité 3D avec agencement d’électrodes non-régulier." E3S Web of Conferences 504 (2024): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450403001.
Full textLoosbergh, M. E., and D. Campagnolo. "Les variations de la résistivité électrique de l’ECTFE au contact des électrolytes." Matériaux & Techniques 80, no. 9-10 (1992): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/199280090059.
Full textHammoum, H., F. Khaldaoui, A. Zoreik, M. Touat, M. Chekhar, R. Bouzida, and A. Benamar. "Utilisation de la résistivité électrique pour le dimensionnement d’un ouvrage de drainage." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 74, no. 1 (April 20, 2014): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-014-0601-0.
Full textVigier, G., J. Merlin, and C. Mai. "Effet de l'interférence interprécipité sur la résistivité électrique dans les alliages Al-Zn." Philosophical Magazine A 50, no. 2 (February 1985): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418618408244221.
Full textSUARD, E., Y. FAYOLLE, R. CLÉMENT, V. ROCHER, M. ALLIET, C. ALBASI, and S. GILLOT. "Limitation du colmatage dans un bioréacteur à membranes à l’échelle semi-industrielle : modélisation et caractérisation de l’hydrodynamique." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 5 (May 20, 2020): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202005047.
Full textMiehe, J. M., B. Feuga, and C. Vachette. "Détection d’une cavité remplie de saumure par imagerie électrique." Revue Française de Géotechnique, no. 106-107 (2004): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2004106023.
Full textPiau, Théophile, François Bétard, Fabienne Dugast, Gilles Arnaud-Fassetta, and Vincent Viel. "Dynamique géomorphologique holocène et occupation humaine dans le bassin-versant de l’Eure (Bassin de Paris, France) : potentiels d’une approche géoarchéologique multiscalaire et diachronique." Archimède. Archéologie et histoire ancienne 7 (June 9, 2020): 188–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.47245/archimede.0007.act.07.
Full textBouraoui, Tarak, Karim Tamarat, and Bernard Dubois. "Variations de résistivité électrique associées aux transformations martensitiques dans l'acier à mémoire de forme FM30." Journal de Physique III 6, no. 7 (July 1996): 831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1996158.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Imagerie de résistivité électrique"
Fargier, Yannick. "Développement de l'imagerie de résistivité électrique pour le reconnaissance et la surveillance des ouvrages hydrauliques en terre." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDN0042.
Full textIn France, a large stock of hydraulic earth structures dedicated to producing hydroelectricity, to navigation and to water supplying generates substantial economic and security challenges. Regarding flood protection structures, there is no year without a failure and more than 70 incidents were recorded in 25 years by the French Committee on Large Dams. The DC-Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) method is very sensitive to soil state parameters and is widely accepted as one of the relevant geophysical methods for the survey and the monitoring of hydraulic earth structures. However, using ERI in a conventional manner is likely to yield image artifacts. This is due to the lack of information in the measured data and the fact that the full complexity of the problem and available a priori information are usually not accounted for. Therefore, new approaches of data acquisition and inversion have been developed. This development aims at filling the gap between more classical 2D and purely 3D approaches, by optimising a compromise between acquisition cost and model reliability. The research work has implied developing a finite element approach for the forward problem and a Gauss-Newton algorithm for the 3D inverse problem. Finally, experimental campaigns were conducted on both a semi-controlled embankment and a real hydraulic embankment in order to test and validate the developments in more realistic conditions. Outcomes indicate that interpretation capability and quality can be significantly enhanced by using these news approaches
Vion, Denis. "Caractérisation physico-chimique de couches minces de niobium déposées par pulvérisation magnétron sur la surface interne de cavités électromagnétiques accélératrices." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0065.
Full textThe energy efficiency of niobium coated superconducting radio frequency accelerating cavities is a function of the electrical resistivity at low temperature in the normal conducting state. This resistivity depends on the nature and the number of the different kinds of defects introduced in the films during their growth by magnetron sputtering. Some films with a residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of about 60 deposited en annealed copper substrates, and some films with an RRR of about 20 deposited on non-annealed copper were produced simultaneously Variation measurement methods were used on both kinds of film in order to defect plays the major role in determining the resistivity. Transmission Electronic Micros shows that only those films with high RRR have their Nb grains epitaxially grown on the Cu. These grains are two to three times larger than those of low RRR films. X-Ray Diffraction measurements show that deformations and micro deformations are approximately the same in both kinds of sample. It is also the case for argon entrapment during growth, measured by Vacuum Hot Extraction. Interstitial impurities contents were too low to be measured. It is although clear that the resistivity of non-epitaxialy grown films is due to grain boundaries. Their specific resistivity is about 3-4. E (-16) Ohm meter square. 'This work shows that quality improvement of Nb films requires an optimisation of the CU substrate pre-treatment
Jodry, Clara. "Développements méthodologiques pour l’imagerie et le suivi temporel par méthodes géoélectriques des structures de protection contre les inondations fluviales ou les submersions marines." Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=866caffc-868f-436f-9d0b-01237b677612.
Full textThe diagnosis and monitoring of flood protection structures are major concerns. As part of the RS2EOSUNA project (Region Pays de la Loire), this thesis has contributed to this by methodological developments centered on electrical resistivity imaging (ERI), combined with other geophysical methods and direct observations (permanent instrumentation). The developments have been specifically applied to two sites in real conditions: an embankment levee along the Loire River near Saumur and a grey dune on the island of Noirmoutier. The first scientific objective of this work involved the characterization of the internal structure of the investigated objects. A recent approach in ERI, that takes into account the 3D effects without increasing the cost of the method relative to a conventional 2D approach, has been adapted and tested. On the levee, the approach has proven to be very effective. For the grey dune, the preliminary results on this natural site still show imaging challenges. The second objective concerned the monitoring, on different time scales, of changes in internal properties of the medium. We used optimized acquisition protocols and conventional 2D inversion methods. On the levee, the temporal changes described by ERI are consistent with the direct measurements of the parameters of the soil. For the grey dune, the temporal variations have proven to be of very low amplitude due to an extremely specific geological setting. The work is ends with a methodological comparison between the two sites and proposes future prospects for further research and improvement of the developed approaches
Legaz, Aurélie. "Imagerie et identification des signaux géophysiques distinctifs induits en surface par l'activité hydrothermale." Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS008.
Full textThis thesis is a study into the structure and functioning of hydrothermal systems. We focused on two areas, Waimangu, New Zealand, and the Phlegrean Fields - Solfatara, Italy, that we observed with several geophysical methods. The first system was chosen owing to its strong dynamics, and because it seems to be purely hydrothermal, without any magmatic influence; the second one allowed the observation and the geophysical characterization of a shallow hydrothermal plume. Our study first aimed to recognize the large scale structure of the Waimangu hydrothermal system, and to characterize its main surface expressions, namely hot lakes, geysers, and fumaroles. For this purpose, we related the self-potential and the electrical resistivity methods to measurements of temperature and CO2 flux. We then concentrated on three small-scale laboratories : Iodine vent, Inferno Crater Lake, and the Old Geyser Site. These areas are different from each other in size and also in their water chemistry, which is a key parameter in the sensitivity of electrical methods. This range enabled us to implement acoustic and electrical imaging techniques on singular systems that have their own dynamics. At Iodine Pool, the implementation of recent imaging techniques from underwater acoustics allowed us to locate hydrothermal noise sources with high accuracy. The self-potential monitoring of an intermittent vent showed cyclic fluctuations that could be explained by a change in the hydraulic head. The joint application of acoustic and electrical imaging at the Old Geyser Site showed how these two techniques complement each other in defining the location of a hydrothermal structure that matches both acoustic and electrical sources. A third step consisted in the study of the geo-electrical signature of fluid movements that relate to the Inferno cyclic activity. Electrical resistivity monitoring highlighted that the observed lake fluctuations are characterized by notable electrical resistivity changes; these variations could be due to phase changes occurring at depth, and are in good agreement with analog modellings. The experiments that have been made at the Solfatara allowed us to image the hydrothermal plume with electrical methods (3-D resistivity tomography), acoustic and thermal measurements. We present the results from both electrical resistivity tomography and temperature data that allowed us to establish the boundaries of the hydrothermal plume
Taillet, Elodie. "Caractérisation des discontinuités dans des ouvrages massifs en béton par la diagraphie électrique de résistivité." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982066.
Full textDupuis, Matthieu. "Processus de mise en place et évolution des systèmes de volcans de boue." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10057/document.
Full textThis doctoral work studies the mechanisms involved in the growth of mud volcanoes systems and the processes involved with their surface evolution. The study is based on a structural analysis using seismic data acquired on two anticlines located in the NW of the South Caspian Basin and on an extensive structural field work combined with a sub-surface imagery based on electrical resistivity and geochemical analysis on edifices located on the onshore in continuity of the Kura Basin (Azerbaijan). Mud Pie are edifices having a flat morphology induced by the occurrence of a reserve of liquid mud on surface that we call Superficial Chamber. The input of material from a shallow mud source induce the inflation of this chamber which, reaching the equilibrium, induces a compressional stress that deform the edifice and make it grow, following a model named “Pushing Walls”. Conical edifices are linked to deeper storage zones (Secondary Chamber) or even to the source of mud itself (Primary Chamber). The fluid source (water and gas) is clearly disconnected to the source of mud. Sedimentation plays a dominant role on mud volcano systems evolution allowing to seal the fluid migration paths, thus the formation of fluids overpressure, inducing an evolution by successive pulses leading to interlocked mud volcano systems: mud volcano systems complexes
Samyn, Kévin. "Imagerie de subsurface à partir d'une approche géophysique multi-méthode basée sur l'inversion coopérative 2 D : Nouvelle formulation théorique et applications numériques et expérimentales sur des données électriques et sismiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2016PA066612.pdf.
Full textUnderstanding geology from geophysical investigation is better when information is obtained from different kinds of data. A single method may not have sufficient resolution to provide the expected information. Joint inversion is a step forward to quantitatively combine data of different nature. Joint inversion may be considered in two different ways, petrophysical or structural. We may subdivide a joint inversion into two categories, joint inversion of data function of the same physical parameter, and cooperative inversion of data of different nature such as electrical and seismic data. In this work, we propose to combine a zonal cooperative inversion scheme with a Gauss-Newton method for minimizing the cost function. The basic idea of zonal cooperative inversion is to use cooperatively fuzzy c-means (FCM) classe analysis and separate inversion algorithm. For each iteration classe analysis of separate inversion results is used to construct models composed by several classes that contain the parameter characteristics of dominant subsurface structures. These constructed models are then used in the expression of the model space a priori covariance term in a new stage of separate inversion. The resulting models are then possibly biased to a priori models which depend on the number of classes. To overcome this problem, we formulate the inverse problem using a regularization parameter selected by an adapted L-curve method to weigh the impact of the a priori model on the solution when geology cannot be described by segmented models. The advantage of such a formulation is to avoid undesirable bias towards the starting model and leads to significantly improved spatial resolution for consistent prior information. Hence, the choice of the number of classe to create the a priori model is although less important. The developed methodology is tested and validated on two synthetic models. An experimental application is performed on real data acquired as part of a research survey of the National Agency for Radioactive Waste Management (Andra) for the characterization of a site of interest. Given the results of this application, the use of a cooperative approach for the inversion of electrical and seismic data allows the reconstruction of a more robust geological model, consistent with all the data. The variations of the parameters with depth are more precisely described using this approach
Nguyen, Tuan Anh. "Approches expérimentales et numériques pour l'étude des transferts hygroscopiques dans le bois." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0034/document.
Full textIn civil engineering constructions, the development of timber structures requires today to managers works some diagnostic tools and monitoring systems to monitor pathologies (excessive deflections, cracks, biological attack, etc.) but also to control moisture content in the element sections. In the last context, the proposed work in this PhD thesis is the development of a tool for characterization of the moisture content map in the cross sections of structural elements. Studied method is based on the resistivity measuring, comprising a measuring head (resistivity meter) associated with many connected probes in a multiplexed system, and an inverse method implemented in a finite element software. In the first part, it is studied the techniques of characterization of diffusion properties in wood samples characterized by orthotropic and nonlinear behaviors according to average moisture content measurements (gravimetric method) and spatial profiles gamma densitometer measures. It is shown that the coupling of the two measurements provides the intrinsic properties with more reliability and more robustness. The second part deals with the development of an experimental protocol in order to achieve 1D and 2D mapping of the moisture content field in a cross section. The technique is based on the generalization of multiplexed resistivity geophysical methods used in the study of stratified soils with 2-dimensional geometries. The algorithm is based on the coupling between the resistivity measurements and an inverse multiplexed analysis implemented in a finite element code. The 1D solution provides spatial profiles which can replace gamma densitometer measures. For a selected section, 2D profiles allow estimating the moisture content field at any point and thus provide a time tracking of moisture profiles
Gresse, Marceau. "Imagerie géophysique (électrique et sismique) haute résolution et modélisation du système hydrothermal superficiel de la Solfatare de Pouzzoles, Italie du Sud. Application à l’étude des processus hydrothermaux." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU035/document.
Full textThe Campi Flegrei caldera is located in the metropolitan area of Naples (Italy), and it is one of the largest volcanic systems on Earth. Since 1950, this volcanic complex shows significant unrest, which accelerated over the last decade with a rise in the seismic activity, ground deformation, and the extent of the degassing area. Recent studies indicate that the volcanic system is potentially moving toward a critical state, although their authors remain unable to point out when and where a possible eruption could take place. The difficulty of predicting the real volcanic state is here mainly related to the hydrothermal system. Indeed, at the Campi Flegrei, it is difficult to separate the magmatic input signal from the hydrothermal response. Hence, the aim of this thesis is to improve our knowledge on the shallow hydrothermal system of the Solfatara volcano, where most of the renewal activity takes place. A multidisciplinary approach has been performed in two steps: first a geophysical imagery of the volcano and second the modeling of its hydrothermal system.The 3-D electrical resistivity tomography of the crater allows to recognize the main geological units, and their connection with hydrothermal fluid flow features. The interpretation of the resistivity model has been realized thanks to numerous soil complementary measurements: CO2 flux, temperature, self-potential, Cation Exchange Capacity and pH. We identify two liquid-dominated plumes: the Fangaia mud pool and the Pisciarelli fumarole. In the Fangaia area, the comparison between electrical resistivity and velocity models reveals strong gradients related to a sharp transition at the border between the hydrothermal plume and the high diffuse degassing region. Combining electrical resistivity model with hydrothermal tremor sources localization reveal the anatomy of the main fumarolic area. Two separated conduits, gas-saturated, feed the two fumaroles Bocca Grande and Bocca Nuova. These conduits originate from the same gas reservoir located 60 m below the surface. The intense degassing activity, produced in the vicinity of fumaroles, creates large amounts of vapor condensation. The resistivity model reveals this condensate circulation, within a fractured area.All these results are incorporated into a multiphase flow model of the main fumarolic area. The simulation accurately reproduces the fumaroles observables: temperature, flux and CO2/H2O ratio. The model validates the geophysical imagery and confirms the interaction between Bocca Nuova fumarolic conduit and the condensate flow. Hence, this simulation explains for the first time the distinct geochemical signature of the two fumaroles due to a shallow water-interaction. The multidisciplinary approach performed in this thesis constitutes a new step toward a better understanding of hydrothermal interactions. Those phenomena have to be taken into account in order to perform dynamic modelling, and thus apprehend the real state of the volcanic system
Samyn, Kévin. "Imagerie de subsurface à partir d'une approche géophysique multi-méthode basée sur l'inversion coopérative 2 D : Nouvelle formulation théorique et applications numériques et expérimentales sur des données électriques et sismiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066612/document.
Full textUnderstanding geology from geophysical investigation is better when information is obtained from different kinds of data. A single method may not have sufficient resolution to provide the expected information. Joint inversion is a step forward to quantitatively combine data of different nature. Joint inversion may be considered in two different ways, petrophysical or structural. We may subdivide a joint inversion into two categories, joint inversion of data function of the same physical parameter, and cooperative inversion of data of different nature such as electrical and seismic data. In this work, we propose to combine a zonal cooperative inversion scheme with a Gauss-Newton method for minimizing the cost function. The basic idea of zonal cooperative inversion is to use cooperatively fuzzy c-means (FCM) classe analysis and separate inversion algorithm. For each iteration classe analysis of separate inversion results is used to construct models composed by several classes that contain the parameter characteristics of dominant subsurface structures. These constructed models are then used in the expression of the model space a priori covariance term in a new stage of separate inversion. The resulting models are then possibly biased to a priori models which depend on the number of classes. To overcome this problem, we formulate the inverse problem using a regularization parameter selected by an adapted L-curve method to weigh the impact of the a priori model on the solution when geology cannot be described by segmented models. The advantage of such a formulation is to avoid undesirable bias towards the starting model and leads to significantly improved spatial resolution for consistent prior information. Hence, the choice of the number of classe to create the a priori model is although less important. The developed methodology is tested and validated on two synthetic models. An experimental application is performed on real data acquired as part of a research survey of the National Agency for Radioactive Waste Management (Andra) for the characterization of a site of interest. Given the results of this application, the use of a cooperative approach for the inversion of electrical and seismic data allows the reconstruction of a more robust geological model, consistent with all the data. The variations of the parameters with depth are more precisely described using this approach
Book chapters on the topic "Imagerie de résistivité électrique"
GAILLER, Lydie, Jean-François LÉNAT, and Philippe LABAZUY. "Surveillance électrique et électromagnétique des volcans." In Aléas et surveillance de l’activité volcanique 3, 263–83. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9046.ch5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Imagerie de résistivité électrique"
Maupin, Roland, S. Palma Lopes, Isabelle Papin, and J. Alexandre. "Suivi des évolutions topographiques en environnement littoral ou fluvial par imagerie de résistivité : étude en modèle réduit." In Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil. Editions Paralia, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2002.038-m.
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