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Journal articles on the topic 'Imagery (Psychology) Memory'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Straub, Holly R., and Michael M. Granaas. "Interaction of Instructions with the Recall Strategy Actually Used in a Paired-Associates Learning Task." Psychological Reports 71, no. 3 (December 1992): 987–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3.987.

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Previous research suggests that interactive imagery produces memory performance superior to separation imagery, although the effects of instructions are less clear. Paired-associate learning was used to examine the effects of instructions (general memory, separation imagery, and interactive imagery) on recall, the frequency of using memory strategies (nonimaginal, separate image, and interactive image), and strategies' effectiveness. The numbers of correctly recalled items were fewer for subjects given general memory instructions than for subjects given separation or interactive imagery instructions which were not different from each other. Subjects reported using a variety of strategies. However, subjects given separation imagery instructions were more likely to report an interactive image than a separate image, and equally as likely to use interactive imagery as subjects given interactive imagery instructions. The present data suggest that subjects can effectively use a variety of memory strategies.

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2

Marschark, Marc, and Luca Surian. "Why does imagery improve memory?" European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 1, no. 3 (September 1989): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09541448908403084.

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3

Kail, Robert. "Processing Time, Imagery, and Spatial Memory." Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 64, no. 1 (January 1997): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jecp.1996.2337.

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4

Petrusic, William M., and Joseph V. Baranski. "Mental imagery in memory psychophysics." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25, no. 2 (April 2002): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x02460049.

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Imagery has played an important, albeit controversial, role in the study of memory psychophysics. In this commentary we critically examine the available data bearing on whether pictorial based depictions of remembered perceptual events are activated and scanned in each of a number of different psychophysical tasks.

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5

Roberts, Daniel S. L., and Brenda E. MacDonald. "Relations of Imagery, Creativity, and Socioeconomic Status with Performance on a Stock-Market e-Trading Game." Psychological Reports 88, no. 3 (June 2001): 734–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3.734.

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The purpose of the present investigation was to examine how measures of imagery, creativity, and socioeconomic status relate to performance in a stock-market trading game. The 368 participants were students enrolled in an administration studies curriculum. A multiple regression analysis showed imaging scores to be a predictor of stock-trading performance as were creativity and socioeconomic status to a lesser extent. High imagers and high scorers on creativity and socioeconomic status made several times more profit with their portfolios. Results are discussed in terms of imagery having multiple repercussions on learning, e.g., memory and problem-solving. It is concluded that scores on imagery, creativity, and socioeconomic status, being weakly correlated, are interdependent and likely associated with personality traits shaped within a stimulating home or social environment.

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Hubbard, Timothy L., Darren Kall, and John C. Baird. "Imagery, memory, and size-distance invariance." Memory & Cognition 17, no. 1 (January 1989): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03199560.

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7

Taylor, Alexandra C., and Stephen A. Dewhurst. "Investigating the influence of music training on verbal memory." Psychology of Music 45, no. 6 (February 8, 2017): 814–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0305735617690246.

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Previous research has shown that musical training is associated with enhanced verbal memory. The current study investigated the generality of this association by presenting undergraduates who had received musical training ( n = 20) and undergraduates with no formal music training ( n = 20) with four types of word list; high visual imagery, high auditory imagery, high tactile imagery, and abstract. Those who had received music training showed enhanced memory for all word lists, suggesting that music training leads to a general enhancement in verbal memory that is not restricted to specific types of words (e.g., those invoking auditory imagery). The findings support previous research in showing that music training enhances cognitive skills beyond those that are specific to the domain of music. The possible cognitive and neural factors underpinning this effect are discussed.

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Hudetz, Judith A., Anthony G. Hudetz, and Jill Klayman. "Relationship between Relaxation by Guided Imagery and Performance of Working Memory." Psychological Reports 86, no. 1 (February 2000): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.1.15.

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This study tested the hypothesis that relaxation by guided imagery improves working-memory performance of healthy participants. 30 volunteers (both sexes, ages 17–56 years) were randomly assigned to one of three groups and administered the WAIS–III Letter-Number Sequencing Test before and after 10-min. treatment with guided imagery or popular music. The control group received no treatment. Groups' test scores were not different before treatment. The mean increased after relaxation by guided imagery but not after music or no treatment. This result supports the hypothesis that working-memory scores on the test are enhanced by guided imagery and implies that human information processing may be enhanced by prior relaxation.

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9

Baddeley, Alan D., and Jackie Andrade. "Working memory and the vividness of imagery." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 129, no. 1 (2000): 126–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.129.1.126.

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10

Andrade, Jackie, Eva Kemps, Yves Werniers, Jon May, and Arnaud Szmalec. "Insensitivity of visual short-term memory to irrelevant visual information." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 55, no. 3 (August 2002): 753–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980143000541.

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Several authors have hypothesized that visuo-spatial working memory is functionally analogous to verbal working memory. Irrelevant background speech impairs verbal short-term memory. We investigated whether irrelevant visual information has an analogous effect on visual short-term memory, using a dynamic visual noise (DVN) technique known to disrupt visual imagery (Quinn & McConnell, 1996b). Experiment 1 replicated the effect of DVN on pegword imagery. Experiments 2 and 3 showed no effect of DVN on recall of static matrix patterns, despite a significant effect of a concurrent spatial tapping task. Experiment 4 showed no effect of DVN on encoding or maintenance of arrays of matrix patterns, despite testing memory by a recognition procedure to encourage visual rather than spatial processing. Serial position curves showed a one-item recency effect typical of visual short-term memory. Experiment 5 showed no effect of DVN on short-term recognition of Chinese characters, despite effects of visual similarity and a concurrent colour memory task that confirmed visual processing of the characters. We conclude that irrelevant visual noise does not impair visual short-term memory. Visual working memory may not be functionally analogous to verbal working memory, and different cognitive processes may underlie visual short-term memory and visual imagery.

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11

Pelizzon, Lara, Maria A. Brandimonte, and Alessia Favretto. "Imagery and Recognition: Dissociable Measures of Memory?" European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 11, no. 3 (September 1999): 429–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713752323.

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12

Arbuthnott, Katherine D., Dennis W. Arbuthnott, and Lucille Rossiter. "Guided imagery and memory: Implications for psychotherapists." Journal of Counseling Psychology 48, no. 2 (April 2001): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.48.2.123.

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13

Arbuthnott, Katherine D. "The effect of repeated imagery on memory." Applied Cognitive Psychology 19, no. 7 (2005): 843–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acp.1126.

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14

Saariluoma, Pertti, and Virpi Kalakoski. "Skilled Imagery and Long-Term Working Memory." American Journal of Psychology 110, no. 2 (1997): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1423714.

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15

Bishop, P. "Rhetoric, Memory, and Power: Depth Psychology and Postmodern Geography." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 10, no. 1 (February 1992): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d100005.

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The attitude towards rhetoric, metaphor, and imagery is identified in this paper as being central both to the definition of postmodernism and to any postmodern scholarship. It is also claimed that questions about the relationship between archetypal psychology and geography mirrors the wider postmodern phenomenon of comparative knowledges. By focusing on radical criticism of contemporary heritage movements it is shown how archetypal psychology can help to deepen metaphorical reflection on such crucial issues as fantasy, theory, history, and memory. In particular, it is insisted that such reflections should themselves avoid philosophical abstraction and stay as close as possible to the logic of imaginative discourse.

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16

Huffman, Charles M., and Kenneth A. Weaver. "Autobiographical Recall and Visual Imagery." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3 (June 1996): 1027–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3.1027.

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If high visual imagery is a component of successful autobiographical recall for personal episodes, then those participants who have high imagery should have greater autobiographical recall for personal episodes. This hypothesis was tested by giving 30 selected participants, 15 who had high and 15 low visual imagery, 90 sec. to recall personal episodic information from three time periods in their lives. Also assessed were the effects of visual imagery on autobiographical recall for personal semantic and nonpersonal semantic information (vegetables and adjectives). Level of visual imagery was significantly related only for the group with lower visual imagery, who recalled more adjectives. The implications of the results for the semantic and episodic memory distinction within autobiographical memory were discussed.

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17

Colley, Ian D., Peter E. Keller, and Andrea R. Halpern. "Working memory and auditory imagery predict sensorimotor synchronisation with expressively timed music." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 8 (January 1, 2018): 1781–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1366531.

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Sensorimotor synchronisation (SMS) is prevalent and readily studied in musical settings, as most people are able to perceive and synchronise with a beat (e.g., by finger tapping). We took an individual differences approach to understanding SMS to real music characterised by expressive timing (i.e., fluctuating beat regularity). Given the dynamic nature of SMS, we hypothesised that individual differences in working memory and auditory imagery—both fluid cognitive processes—would predict SMS at two levels: (1) mean absolute asynchrony (a measure of synchronisation error) and (2) anticipatory timing (i.e., predicting, rather than reacting to beat intervals). In Experiment 1, participants completed two working memory tasks, four auditory imagery tasks, and an SMS-tapping task. Hierarchical regression models were used to predict SMS performance, with results showing dissociations among imagery types in relation to mean absolute asynchrony, and evidence of a role for working memory in anticipatory timing. In Experiment 2, a new sample of participants completed an expressive timing perception task to examine the role of imagery in perception without action. Results suggest that imagery vividness is important for perceiving and control is important for synchronising with irregular but ecologically valid musical time series. Working memory is implicated in synchronising by anticipating events in the series.

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18

El Haj, Mohamad, Karim Gallouj, and Pascal Antoine. "Mental imagery and autobiographical memory in Alzheimer’s disease." Neuropsychology 33, no. 5 (July 2019): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/neu0000521.

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19

Courtois, Christine A. "Commentary on "Guided imagery and memory": Additional considerations." Journal of Counseling Psychology 48, no. 2 (April 2001): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.48.2.133.

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20

Arslan, Burcu, and Tilbe Göksun. "Ageing, working memory, and mental imagery: Understanding gestural communication in younger and older adults." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 74, no. 1 (August 4, 2020): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820944696.

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Ageing has effects both on language and gestural communication skills. Although gesture use is similar between younger and older adults, the use of representational gestures (e.g., drawing a line with fingers on the air to indicate a road) decreases with age. This study investigates whether this change in the production of representational gestures is related to individuals’ working memory and/or mental imagery skills. We used three gesture tasks (daily activity description, story completion, and address description) to obtain spontaneous co-speech gestures from younger and older individuals ( N = 60). Participants also completed the Corsi working memory task and a mental imagery task. Results showed that although the two age groups’ overall gesture frequencies were similar across the three tasks, the younger adults used relatively higher proportions of representational gestures than the older adults only in the address description task. Regardless of age, the mental imagery but not working memory score was associated with the use of representational gestures only in this task. However, the use of spatial words in the address description task did not differ between the two age groups. The mental imagery or working memory scores did not associate with the spatial word use. These findings suggest that mental imagery can play a role in gesture production. Gesture and speech production might have separate timelines in terms of being affected by the ageing process, particularly for spatial content.

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21

Scullin, Michael K., Chenlu Gao, and Paul Fillmore. "Bedtime Music, Involuntary Musical Imagery, and Sleep." Psychological Science 32, no. 7 (June 9, 2021): 985–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797621989724.

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Many people listen to music for hours every day, often near bedtime. We investigated whether music listening affects sleep, focusing on a rarely explored mechanism: involuntary musical imagery (earworms). In Study 1 ( N = 199, mean age = 35.9 years), individuals who frequently listen to music reported persistent nighttime earworms, which were associated with worse sleep quality. In Study 2 ( N = 50, mean age = 21.2 years), we randomly assigned each participant to listen to lyrical or instrumental-only versions of popular songs before bed in a laboratory, discovering that instrumental music increased the incidence of nighttime earworms and worsened polysomnography-measured sleep quality. In both studies, earworms were experienced during awakenings, suggesting that the sleeping brain continues to process musical melodies. Study 3 substantiated this possibility by showing a significant increase in frontal slow oscillation activity, a marker of sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Thus, some types of music can disrupt nighttime sleep by inducing long-lasting earworms that are perpetuated by spontaneous memory-reactivation processes.

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22

Greenberg, Daniel L., and Barbara J. Knowlton. "The role of visual imagery in autobiographical memory." Memory & Cognition 42, no. 6 (February 20, 2014): 922–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-014-0402-5.

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23

Hudetz, Judith A., Anthony G. Hudetz, and Diane M. Reddy. "Effect of Relaxation on Working Memory and the Bispectral Index of the EEG." Psychological Reports 95, no. 1 (August 2004): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.95.1.53-70.

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Beneficial effects of relaxation on cardiovascular and immune functions and on memory has been implied but an empirical relationship between task performance and anxiety reduction has not been reported. In this study, we investigated whether guided imagery of relatively short duration would decrease S-Anxiety and electroencephalogram Bispectral Index and improve working memory. 42 participants (age: M = 39, SD = 11, 14 men, 28 women, university students and VA Medical Center employees, recruited by their professor or by fellow employees) underwent relaxation by 16-min. guided imagery or no treatment (control). Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the WAIS–III Letter-Number Sequencing Test were administered before and after relaxation. S-Anxiety and BIS Index decreased and the Letter-Number test score increased by 30% after relaxation but not in the control group. This score was higher for participants with low anxiety and BIS Index. There was no significant difference between the groups before treatment. The results suggest that guided imagery of short duration produces relaxation as measured by psychological and neurophysiological indices and improves working memory performance.

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24

Sokolov, Evgeni N. "Neuronal basis of imagery." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25, no. 2 (April 2002): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x02500042.

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The depiction of pictures as specified points in a functional space is achieved by vector encoding. Picture-selective neurons are added to the declarative memory in the process of learning. New neurons are recruited from stem cells through their proliferation and differentiation. Electrical stimulation of the temporo-parietal cortex produces subjective scenes of the past similar to imagery.

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25

Fullerton, Audrey M. "Adult Age Differences in Solving Series Problems Requiring Integration of New and Old Information." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 26, no. 2 (March 1988): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/yrur-1pt5-t4gm-vkcr.

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The ability of young and middle-aged adults to solve series problems was assessed with problems connected by either marked or unmarked adjectives. Half the participants given each type of problem were instructed to use imagery. Information needed to answer memory and inference questions was explicitly provided, but additional information from semantic memory was needed to answer integration questions. Overall, there was no difference between age groups on the memory measure, but scores on both integration and inference measures were significantly lower for the middle-aged group, a result suggesting a deficit in the ability to manipulate items in working memory. Imagery instructions facilitated scores of both age groups equally for the integration measure, but affected neither memory nor inference scores, indicating that middle-aged adults are able to use imagery as a control process as effectively as younger adults, and also that imagery is most useful for developing an array. Finally, the only effect of adjective type was that marked adjectives significantly improved inference scores of middle-aged adults.

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26

Eich, Eric. "Context, memory, and integrated item/context imagery." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 11, no. 4 (1985): 764–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.11.1-4.764.

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27

Rubin, David C., and Matthew D. Schulkind. "Properties of Word Cues for Autobiographical Memory." Psychological Reports 81, no. 1 (August 1997): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.1.47.

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A sample of 124 words were used to cue autobiographical memories in 120 adults varying in age from 20 to 73 years. Individual words reliably cued autobiographical memories of different ages with different speeds. For all age groups, words rated high in imagery produced older memories and faster reaction times.

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28

Engelkamp, Johannes. "Visual imagery and enactment of actions in memory." British Journal of Psychology 86, no. 2 (May 1995): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1995.tb02558.x.

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29

Murphy, Fionnuala C., Philip J. Barnard, Kayleigh A. M. Terry, Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart, and Emily A. Holmes. "SenseCam, imagery and bias in memory for wellbeing." Memory 19, no. 7 (October 2011): 768–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2010.551130.

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30

Chara, Paul J., and Donald A. Hamm. "An Inquiry into the Construct Validity of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire." Perceptual and Motor Skills 69, no. 1 (August 1989): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.69.1.127.

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The construct validity of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) was investigated using a series of visual memory tasks. Subjects were shown a picture after completing the questionnaire. Their ability to recall that picture was probed through a free-recall procedure, drawing, two spatial-recall tasks, and a multiple-choice questionnaire. Scores on the VVIQ were statistically unrelated to performance on any of the memory tasks demonstrating a lack of support for construct validity as a measure of visual memory imagery.

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31

Lakshmanan, Arun, and H. Shanker Krishnan. "How does imagery in interactive consumption lead to false memory? A reconstructive memory perspective." Journal of Consumer Psychology 19, no. 3 (July 2009): 451–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2009.04.005.

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32

Kohl, Robert M., and Sebastiano A. Fisicaro. "Response intention and imagery processes: Locus, interaction, and contribution to motor learning." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19, no. 4 (December 1996): 760–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00043880.

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AbstractBy way of commentary on Jeannerod (1994), we propose that (1) intention, response imagery, and actual response processes carry equal weight in inferring from one process to another, (2) memory networks control intention, which interacts with imagery-based processing to control response imagery, and (3) response imagery will demonstrate learning effects better when imagery reconstruction and elaboration are emphasized and neutral retention tests are utilized.

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33

Martin, Roy C., Kimford J. Meador, David W. Loring, Dawn Bowers, and Kenneth M. Heilman. "The Contribution of an Imagery Code to Verbal Memory." Cortex 26, no. 3 (September 1990): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-9452(13)80093-7.

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34

Devane, J. R. "Sensitivity to the Imagery Values of Words." Perceptual and Motor Skills 66, no. 1 (February 1988): 300–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.66.1.300.

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The closer the imagery ratings of 53 subjects matched those of the subjects of Paivio, Yuille, and Madigan (1968), the more their responses on an unanticipated recognition test were determined by the imagery values of the words, suggesting that their memory was in part organized in terms of imagery strength. There was no apparent relationship between ratings and scores on the Marks Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire.

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35

Hecker, Jeffrey E., and Linda M. Kaczor. "Application of Imagery Theory to Sport Psychology: Some Preliminary Findings." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 10, no. 4 (December 1988): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.10.4.363.

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Bioinformational theory has been proposed by Lang (1979a), who suggests that mental images can be understood as products of the brain's information processing capacity. Imagery involves activation of a network of propositionally coded information stored in long-term memory. Propositions concerning physiological and behavioral responses provide a prototype for overt behavior. Processing of response information is associated with somatovisceral arousal. The theory has implications for imagery rehearsal in sport psychology and can account for a variety of findings in the mental practice literature. Hypotheses drawn from bioinformational theory were tested. College athletes imagined four scenes during which their heart rates were recorded. Subjects tended to show increases in heart rate when imagining scenes with which they had personal experience and which would involve cardiovascular activation if experienced in real life. Nonsignificant heart rate changes were found when the scene involved activation but was one with which subjects did not have personal experience.

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36

Behrmann, Marlene. "The Mind's Eye Mapped Onto the Brain's Matter." Current Directions in Psychological Science 9, no. 2 (April 2000): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00059.

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Research on visual mental imagery has been fueled recently by the development of new behavioral and neuroscientific techniques. This review focuses on two major topics in light of these developments. The first concerns the extent to which visual mental imagery and visual perception share common psychological and neural mechanisms; although the research findings largely support convergence between these two processes, there are data that qualify the degree of overlap between them. The second issue involves the neural substrate mediating the process of imagery generation. The data suggest a slight left-hemisphere advantage for this process, although there is considerable variability across and within subjects. There also remain many unanswered questions in this field, including what the relationship is between imagery and working memory and what representational differences, if any, exist between imagery and perception.

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37

Richardson, John T. E. "The efficacy of imagery mnemonics in memory remediation." Neuropsychologia 33, no. 11 (November 1995): 1345–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(95)00068-e.

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Jantz, Tiffany K., Jessica J. Tomory, Christina Merrick, Shanna Cooper, Adam Gazzaley, and Ezequiel Morsella. "Subjective aspects of working memory performance: Memoranda-related imagery." Consciousness and Cognition 25 (April 2014): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2014.01.013.

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39

McDermott, Kathleen B., and Henry L. Roediger. "Effects of imagery on perceptual implicit memory tests." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 20, no. 6 (1994): 1379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.6.1379.

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40

Thayer, Amanda, and Steven Jay Lynn. "Guided Imagery and Recovered Memory Therapy: Considerations and Cautions." Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice 6, no. 3 (October 25, 2006): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j158v06n03_04.

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41

Consoli, James J. "Video Review: Imagery and Grief Work: Healing the Memory." Art Therapy 9, no. 3 (July 1992): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07421656.1992.10758955.

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42

Dobson, Matthew, and Roslyn Markham. "Imagery ability and source monitoring: Implications for eyewitness memory." British Journal of Psychology 84, no. 1 (February 1993): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1993.tb02466.x.

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43

Gardini, Simona, Letizia Concari, Salvatrice Pagliara, Caterina Ghetti, Annalena Venneri, and Paolo Caffarra. "Visuo-Spatial Imagery Impairment in Posterior Cortical Atrophy: A Cognitive and SPECT Study." Behavioural Neurology 24, no. 2 (2011): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/547451.

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This study investigated the cognitive profile and the cerebral perfusion pattern in a highly educated 70 year old gentleman with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA). Visuo-perceptual abilities, spatial memory, spatial representation and navigation, visuo-spatial mental imagery, semantic and episodic-autobiographical memory were assessed. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was imaged with SPECT. Cognitive testing showed visual-perceptual impairment, apperceptive visual and landmark agnosia, topographical disorientation with way-finding deficits, impaired map learning and poor mental image generation. Semantic memory was normal, while episodic-autobiographical memory was impaired. Reduced rCBF was found mainly in the right hemisphere, in the precentral gyrus, posterior cingulate and middle temporal gyri, cuneus and precuneus, in the left superior temporal and lingual gyri and in the parahippocampus bilaterally. Hypoperfusion in occipito-parietal regions was associated with visuo-spatial deficits, whereas deficits in visuo-spatial mental imagery might reflect dysfunction related to hypoperfusion in the parahippocampus and precuneus, structures which are responsible for spatial and imagery processing. Dissociating performance between preserved semantic memory and poor episodic-autobiographical recall is consistent with a pattern of normal perfusion in frontal and anterior temporal regions but abnormal rCBF in the parahippocampi. The present findings indicate that PCA involves visuo-spatial imagery deficits and provide further validation to current neuro-cognitive models of spatial representation and topographical disorientation.

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44

Jerabek, Ilona, and Lionel Standing. "Imagined Test Situations Produce Contextual Memory Enhancement." Perceptual and Motor Skills 75, no. 2 (October 1992): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.2.400.

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Two groups of 12 undergraduates learned a 26-item list of medium-imagery words. Those who visualized an examination-hall scored better at 1-wk. recall than those who visualized countryside during learning, thereby providing confirmation of the context-dependency effect.

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45

Bonvillian, John D., Cathleen Althaus Rea, Michael D. Orlansky, and L. Allen Slade. "The effect of sign language rehearsal on deaf subjects' immediate and delayed recall of English word lists." Applied Psycholinguistics 8, no. 1 (March 1987): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400000059.

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ABSTRACTThe relationship between sign language rehearsal and written free recall was examined by having deaf college students overtly rehearse the sign language equivalents of printed English words. In studies of both immediate and delayed memory, word recall was found to increase as a function of total rehearsal frequency and frequency of appearance in rehearsal sets. The serial recall curves in both memory experiments evidenced a primacy effect, which was interpreted as resulting from increased rehearsal of the words in the initial positions over the course of the list. In contrast to findings from previous short- and long-term memory studies with normally hearing subjects, neither a recency nor a negative recency effect was found. High imagery words were rehearsed and recalled slightly more frequently in immediate memory, but there was no effect resulting from the different imagery values of the stimuli in delayed recall. These results are discussed in relation to current conceptualizations of memory and of linguistic processing by deaf individuals.

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Grossi, Dario, James T. Becker, and Luigi Trojano. "Visuospatial Imagery in Alzheimer Disease." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 3 (June 1994): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003151259407800338.

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the imagery ability of 8 “probable” Alzheimer disease patients using a standard task sensitive to the disruption of the imagery system. These patients were selected based on their good performance on a prerequisite clock-setting task, and with 8 matched control subjects were then required to compare the angles made by the hands on clock faces using only imagined stimuli. There were no significant differences between patients and controls in performance on the clock-imagery task. These data are consistent with models of information processing which postulate the relationships between visual imagery and a short-term memory store and include a central executive system for allocation of cognitive resources.

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Coltheart, Veronika, and Eugene Winograd. "Word imagery but not age of acquisition affects episodic memory." Memory & Cognition 14, no. 2 (March 1986): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03198377.

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Brewer, William F., and John R. Pani. "Reports of Mental Imagery in Retrieval from Long-Term Memory." Consciousness and Cognition 5, no. 3 (September 1996): 265–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1996.0019.

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Anderson, Rita E. "Review of Imagery, memory and cognition: Essays in honor of Allan Paivio." Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne 26, no. 3 (1985): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0084439.

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O'Neill, Ward. "Word-Imagery Effects on Recollection and Familiarity in Recognition Memory." Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, no. 3 (June 2005): 716–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.3.716-722.

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The Remember/Know procedure was used to investigate the effects of word imageability on recognition memory. An experiment, using French-speaking undergraduate students (17 women and 3 men), replicated Dewhurst and Conway's 1994 finding that rated imageability significantly increased accurate Remember responses but not Know responses when analyzed in the traditional way, assuming that the response types are mutually exclusive. Data were also analyzed using the Yonelinas, et al. 1998 dual-process signal-detection model, for estimating recollection and familiarity while assuming that Remember and Know responses are independent. Analysis indicated significant enhancement of imageability for estimates of both recollection and familiarity. This was interpreted as meaning that imageability enhanced both item-specific and contextual information associated with studied words.

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