Journal articles: 'Images de documents anciens'

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André, Jacques, Jean-Daniel Fekete, and Hélène Richy. "Traitement mixte image/texte de documents anciens." Cahiers GUTenberg, no. 21 (1995): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/cg.172.

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Likforman-Sulem, Laurence. "Apport du traitement des images à la numérisation des documents manuscrits anciens." Document numérique 7, no. 3-4 (October 1, 2003): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/dn.7.3-4.13-26.

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Arnia, Fitri, Khairun Saddami, and Khairul Munadi. "DCNet: Noise-Robust Convolutional Neural Networks for Degradation Classification on Ancient Documents." Journal of Imaging 7, no. 7 (July 12, 2021): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7070114.

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Analysis of degraded ancient documents is challenging due to the severity and combination of degradation present in a single image. Ancient documents also suffer from additional noise during the digitalization process, particularly when digitalization is done using low-specification devices and/or under poor illumination conditions. The noises over the degraded ancient documents certainly cause a troublesome document analysis. In this paper, we propose a new noise-robust convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for degradation classification of noisy ancient documents, which is called a degradation classification network (DCNet). DCNet was constructed based on the ResNet101, MobileNetV2, and ShuffleNet architectures. Furthermore, we propose a new self-transition layer following DCNet. We trained the DCNet using (1) noise-free document images and (2) heavy-noise (zero mean Gaussian noise (ZMGN) and speckle) document images. Then, we tested the resulted models with document images containing different levels of ZMGN and speckle noise. We compared our results to three CNN benchmarking architectures, namely MobileNet, ShuffleNet, and ResNet101. In general, the proposed architecture performed better than MobileNet, ShuffleNet, ResNet101, and conventional machine learning (support vector machine and random forest), particularly for documents with heavy noise.

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Ben Arbia, Ines Ben Messaoud, Haikal El Abed, Volker Märgner, and Hamid Amiri. "Collaborative Access to Ancient Documents." International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications 4, no. 3 (July 2012): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jmcmc.2012070103.

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With the evolution of the next generation networks several applications have emerged to be used through the web. Applications allowing the analysis and the recognition of documents are emerged to be used through Internet. Document pre-processing output may affect the efficiency of document analysis and recognition systems. In order to ameliorate the efficiency of such systems, an objective evaluation of pre-processing steps is necessary. The authors propose a new framework for automatic evaluation of binarization approaches. The evaluation of binarization approaches is based on the comparison between binary images and their ground-truths. For that reason a method for the generation of ground-truth is proposed. This method is evaluated using the benchmarking dataset DIBCO 2009. The comparison between binarization methods’ results is based on several evaluation metrics as FM and PSNR. The proposed framework is tested on printed images (250 images) from the Google-Books collection and on handwritten images (60 images) from the IAM historical database.

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Bagnall, Roger S. "Materializing Ancient Documents." Daedalus 145, no. 2 (April 2016): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00378.

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Two materially oriented revolutions have transformed the study of ancient documents in recent decades: first, a new interest in the ancient production of written artifacts; and second, the concern with the archaeological contexts, and more particularly the taphonomy–that is, the processes at work in the burial–of those same objects. The first, largely driven by the availability of digital images, has given life to the study of ancient writing as a cultural and social phenomenon and to the social life of written objects. In the process, connections between literary and documentary texts have come to the fore and distinctions between these categories have eroded. The second revolution began with an interest in what archaeological contexts of excavated papyri could tell us about the history of the texts, but it has evolved to see the texts themselves as artifacts engaged in an iterative dialogue with both the contexts and other objects found in them.

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Benabdelaziz, Ryma, Djamel Gaceb, and Mohammed Haddad. "Word Spotting Based on Bispace Similarity for Visual Information Retrieval in Handwritten Document Images." International Journal of Computer Vision and Image Processing 9, no. 3 (July 2019): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcvip.2019070103.

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Retrieving information from a huge collection of ancient handwritten documents is important for indexing, interpreting, browsing, and searching documents in various domains. Word spotting approaches are widely used in this context but have several limitations related to the complex properties of handwriting. These can appear at several steps: interest point detection, description, and matching. This article proposes a new word spotting approach for the word retrieval in handwritten document, which mainly leverages the properties of image gradients for visual features detection and description. The proposed approach is based on the combination of spatial relationships with textural information to design a more accurate matching. The experimental results of the proposed approach demonstrate a higher performance over the Jeremy Bentham dataset, evaluated following the recent benchmarks of ICDAR 2015 Competition on Keyword Spotting for Handwritten Documents.

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Srinivasa, K. G., B. J. Sowmya, D. Pradeep Kumar, and Chetan Shetty. "Efficient Image Denoising for Effective Digitization using Image Processing Techniques and Neural Networks." International Journal of Applied Evolutionary Computation 7, no. 4 (October 2016): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaec.2016100105.

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Vast reserves of information are found in ancient texts, scripts, stone tablets etc. However due to difficulty in creating new physical copies of such texts, knowledge to be obtained from them is limited to those few who have access to such resources. With the advent of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) efforts have been made to digitize such information. This increases their availability by making it easier to share, search and edit. Many documents are held back due to being damaged. This gives rise to an interesting problem of removing the noise from such documents so it becomes easier to apply OCR on them. Here the authors aim to develop a model that helps denoise images of such documents retaining on the text. The primary goal of their project is to help ease document digitization. They intend to study the effects of combining image processing techniques and neural networks. Image processing techniques like thresholding, filtering, edge detection, morphological operations, etc. will be applied to pre-process images to yield higher accuracy of neural network models.

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Beltran, Maria Helena Roxo, and Vera Cecilia Machline. "Images as documents for the history of science: some remarks concerning classification." Circumscribere: International Journal for the History of Science 20 (December 14, 2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/1980-7651.2017v20;p112-119.

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Studies on history of science are increasingly emphasizing the important role that, since ancient times, images have had in the processes of shaping concepts, as well as registering and transmitting knowledge about nature and the arts. In the past years, we have developed at Center Simão Mathias of Studies on the History of Science (CESIMA) inquiries devoted to the analysis of images as forms of registering and transmitting knowledge about nature and the arts – that is to say, as documents pertaining to the history of science. These inquiries are grounded on the assumption that all images derive from the interaction between the artistic technique used in their manufacture and the concept intended to be expressed by them. This study enabled us to analyze distinct roles that images have had in different fields of knowledge at various ages. Some of the results obtained so far are summarized in the present article.

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Shobha Rani, N., N. Chandan, A. Sajan Jain, and H. R. Kiran. "Deformed character recognition using convolutional neural networks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3 (July 26, 2018): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.14053.

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Realization of high accuracies towards south Indian character recognition is one the truly interesting research challenge. In this paper, our investigation is focused on recognition of one of the most widely used south Indian script called Kannada. In particular, the proposed exper-iment is subject towards the recognition of degraded character images which are extracted from the ancient Kannada poetry documents and also on the handwritten character images that are collected from various unconstrained environments. The character images in the degraded documents are slightly blurry as a result of which character image is imposed by a kind of broken and messy appearances, this particular aspect leads to various conflicting behaviors of the recognition algorithm which in turn reduces the accuracy of recognition. The training of degraded patterns of character image samples are carried out by using one of the deep convolution neural networks known as Alex net.The performance evaluation of this experimentation is subject towards the handwritten datasets gathered synthetically from users of age groups between 18-21, 22-25 and 26-30 and also printed datasets which are extracted from ancient document images of Kannada poetry/literature. The datasets are comprised of around 497 classes. 428 classes include consonants, vowels, simple compound characters and complex com-pound characters. Each base character combined with consonant/vowel modifiers in handwritten text with overlapping/touching diacritics are assumed as a separate class in Kannada script for our experimentation. However, for those compound characters that are non-overlapping/touching are still considered as individual classes for which the semantic analysis is carried out during the post processing stage of OCR. It is observed that the performance of the Alex net in classification of printed character samples is reported as 91.3% and with reference to handwritten text, and accuracy of 92% is recorded.

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Codognet, Philippe. "Ancient Images and New Technologies: The Semiotics of the Web." Leonardo 35, no. 1 (February 2002): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002409402753689308.

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The article develops an analysis of visual knowledge and the use of pictures in electronic communication. The author focuses in particular on indexical images, which we use in navigat-ing multimedia documents and the Web. For this purpose, the author bases his study on the one hand on semiotics, the core concepts of which were intro-duced by C.S. Peirce at the beginning of the last century; and on the other hand on a more classical historical analy-sis, in order to point out the deep roots of the concepts used in contemporary computer-based communication.

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Savino, Melania. "Connecting sites and images: Archeology as controversial knowledge in modern İzmir." History of Science 55, no. 3 (September 2017): 364–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0073275317726419.

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In Turkey, the period after the establishment of the Republic saw archeological representations play an active role in defining the ancient past and producing new disciplinary knowledge. Visual practices emerged as important sites for the formation of a new conception of the ancient past in the larger context of the political and cultural discourse over the modernization of the country. Based on museum guidebooks, official publications, and archival documents, this paper focuses on the İzmir region after the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 and explores how the ancient past was perceived and displayed in relation to the historical and cultural transformations that occurred in Turkey after the Greco-Turkish War.

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Chamchong, Rapeeporn, and Chun Che Fung. "A Framework for the Selection of Binarization Techniques on Palm Leaf Manuscripts Using Support Vector Machine." Advances in Decision Sciences 2015 (January 26, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/925935.

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Challenges for text processing in ancient document images are mainly due to the high degree of variations in foreground and background. Image binarization is an image segmentation technique used to separate the image into text and background components. Although several techniques for binarizing text documents have been proposed, the performance of these techniques varies and depends on the image characteristics. Therefore, selecting binarization techniques can be a key idea to achieve improved results. This paper proposes a framework for selecting binarizing techniques of palm leaf manuscripts using Support Vector Machines (SVMs). The overall process is divided into three steps: (i) feature extraction: feature patterns are extracted from grayscale images based on global intensity, local contrast, and intensity; (ii) treatment of imbalanced data: imbalanced dataset is balanced by using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique as to improve the performance of prediction; and (iii) selection: SVM is applied in order to select the appropriate binarization techniques. The proposed framework has been evaluated with palm leaf manuscript images and benchmarking dataset from DIBCO series and compared the performance of prediction between imbalanced and balanced datasets. Experimental results showed that the proposed framework can be used as an integral part of an automatic selection process.

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Huang, Han, Zhi Kai Huang, Mou You Lin, and Ling Ying Hou. "Character Segmentation of Chinese Rubbing Images Using Total Variation Preprocess." Applied Mechanics and Materials 734 (February 2015): 590–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.734.590.

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Stone tablet is one of the important historical and cultural heritages of China. It is not only an important carrier of China ancient civilization, but also is a classical template to research and learn the art of calligraphy. Chinese calligraphy tablet documents that obtained through rubbing were featured by many fuzzy details, bad effect and so on, so it might lose more details in the traditional handling process. In this paper, a total variation (TV) based denoising pre-processing methods for rubbing image has been used, and then a segmentation algorithm based on mathematical morphology is applied. Experiments show this algorithm overcomes the shortcomings of traditional method and weakens the contradiction between the noise suppression and the accuracy of detecting edge details, so it has better practicality.

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Gargano, Marco, Duilio Bertani, Marinella Greco, John Cupitt, Davide Gadia, and Alessandro Rizzi. "A perceptual approach to the fusion of visible and NIR images in the examination of ancient documents." Journal of Cultural Heritage 16, no. 4 (July 2015): 518–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2014.09.006.

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DE SOUZA, PHILIP. "WAR, SLAVERY, AND EMPIRE IN ROMAN IMPERIAL ICONOGRAPHY." Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 54, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 31–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2011.00016.x.

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Abstract This paper discusses the theme of defeated and captured enemies in Roman art based on a selection of examples from the imperial period. It argues that the relative prominence and frequency of such images can be correlated with historical texts and documents to demonstrate that the taking of captives for enslavement was a significant aim of Roman warfare. Examples of similar iconography from other ancient cultures, in particular the Neo-Assyrian Empire, are compared to suggest that a preference for motifs celebrating the acquisition of slaves through warfare is a general characteristic of the commemorative art of ancient imperial cultures.

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Cilia, Nicole Dalia, Claudio De Stefano, Francesco Fontanella, Claudio Marrocco, Mario Molinara, and Alessandra Scotto di Freca. "An Experimental Comparison between Deep Learning and Classical Machine Learning Approaches for Writer Identification in Medieval Documents." Journal of Imaging 6, no. 9 (September 4, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6090089.

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In the framework of palaeography, the availability of both effective image analysis algorithms, and high-quality digital images has favored the development of new applications for the study of ancient manuscripts and has provided new tools for decision-making support systems. The quality of the results provided by such applications, however, is strongly influenced by the selection of effective features, which should be able to capture the distinctive aspects to which the paleography expert is interested in. This process is very difficult to generalize due to the enormous variability in the type of ancient documents, produced in different historical periods with different languages and styles. The effect is that it is very difficult to define standard techniques that are general enough to be effectively used in any case, and this is the reason why ad-hoc systems, generally designed according to paleographers’ suggestions, have been designed for the analysis of ancient manuscripts. In recent years, there has been a growing scientific interest in the use of techniques based on deep learning (DL) for the automatic processing of ancient documents. This interest is not only due to their capability of designing high-performance pattern recognition systems, but also to their ability of automatically extracting features from raw data, without using any a priori knowledge. Moving from these considerations, the aim of this study is to verify if DL-based approaches may actually represent a general methodology for automatically designing machine learning systems for palaeography applications. To this purpose, we compared the performance of a DL-based approach with that of a “classical” machine learning one, in a particularly unfavorable case for DL, namely that of highly standardized schools. The rationale of this choice is to compare the obtainable results even when context information is present and discriminating: this information is ignored by DL approaches, while it is used by machine learning methods, making the comparison more significant. The experimental results refer to the use of a large sets of digital images extracted from an entire 12th-century Bibles, the “Avila Bible”. This manuscript, produced by several scribes who worked in different periods and in different places, represents a severe test bed to evaluate the efficiency of scribe identification systems.

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Janick, Jules, Marie Christine Daunay, and Harry Paris. "Horticulture and Health in the Middle Ages: Images from the Tacuinum Sanitatis." HortScience 45, no. 11 (November 2010): 1592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.45.11.1592.

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Lavishly illustrated late 14th century manuscripts known as the Tacuinum Sanitatis, a guide for healthy living, were based on an 11th century Arabic manuscript known as the Taqwim al-Sihha bi al-Ashab al-Sitta (Rectifying Health by Six Causes) written by the physician and philosopher Ibn Butlan (d. 1063). The expensive, illustrated Tacuinum Sanitatis tomes portray a utopian feudal society in which nobles are engaged in play and romance while feudal laborers work the estate. Rich in horticultural imagery, they include vivid scenes of the harvest of vegetables, fruits, flowers, and culinary and medicinal herbs. Each scene is accompanied by a brief summary of the health aspects of the subject. Although medieval medicine was based on ancient philosophical concepts of Greek sciences, particularly Hippocrates and Galen, these documents connect vegetables and fruits with human health and well-being, similar to modern medicine. Hence, the present-day focus on the connection between horticulture and health can be seen as an extension of ancient and medieval regimens for a healthy lifestyle.

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Diez, Yago, Toya Suzuki, Marius Vila, and Katsushi Waki. "Automatic Processing of Historical Japanese Mathematics (Wasan) Documents." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 8050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178050.

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“Wasan” is the collective name given to a set of mathematical texts written in Japan in the Edo period (1603–1867). These documents represent a unique type of mathematics and amalgamate the mathematical knowledge of a time and place where major advances where reached. Due to these facts, Wasan documents are considered to be of great historical and cultural significance. This paper presents a fully automatic algorithmic process to first detect the kanji characters in Wasan documents and subsequently classify them using deep learning networks. We pay special attention to the results concerning one particular kanji character, the “ima” kanji, as it is of special importance for the interpretation of Wasan documents. As our database is made up of manual scans of real historical documents, it presents scanning artifacts in the form of image noise and page misalignment. First, we use two preprocessing steps to ameliorate these artifacts. Then we use three different blob detector algorithms to determine what parts of each image belong to kanji Characters. Finally, we use five deep learning networks to classify the detected kanji. All the steps of the pipeline are thoroughly evaluated, and several options are compared for the kanji detection and classification steps. As ancient kanji database are rare and often include relatively few images, we explore the possibility of using modern kanji databases for kanji classification. Experiments are run on a dataset containing 100 Wasan book pages. We compare the performance of three blob detector algorithms for kanji detection obtaining 79.60% success rate with 7.88% false positive detections. Furthermore, we study the performance of five well-known deep learning networks and obtain 99.75% classification accuracy for modern kanji and 90.4% for classical kanji. Finally, our full pipeline obtains 95% correct detection and classification of the “ima” kanji with 3% False positives.

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Whitmarsh, Tim. "ATHEISTIC AESTHETICS: THE SISYPHUS FRAGMENT, POETICS AND THE CREATIVITY OF DRAMA." Cambridge Classical Journal 60 (September 3, 2014): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1750270514000062.

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The famous Sisyphus fragment of a tragedy or satyr play is one of the best known documents of ancient atheism, proposing as it does a social-constructionist theory of the emergence of religion as a form of social control. This article argues that the fragment should be seen not just as a philosophical contribution to Presocratic and sophistic thought on the gods, but also as a work of theatrical poetics: it alludes to Hesiod's foundational role in the articulation of Greek theology, self-reflexively explores the role of the literary author in the creation of belief systems, and unpacks the specific role of the theatre in the manufacture of images of divinity, not just through acting but also through technical effects such as the bronteion.

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Russell, F., P. Kalinowski, F. Both, T. Luhmann, and U. Warnke. "FUSION AND EVALUATION OF 3D DATA AND EXCAVATION DOCUMENTS FOR COMPARISON OF ORIGINAL AND DIGITAL COPY IN THE CASE OF A MEGALITHIC TOMB." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-647-2021.

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Abstract. This contribution shows the preliminary results of the multidisciplinary cooperation of archaeological, technical and heritage issues using the example of the megalithic tomb Kleinenkneten II. The tomb was excavated in the 1930s, but big parts of the documentation have unfortunately been destroyed. Furthermore, some ancient interpretations need to be objectively reviewed. More than 500 historical image data visually document the historical excavation situation. In addition, the current situation was recorded in 3D using modern methods. Geodetic products, such as orthophotos, can be derived from modern data and compared with old plans. Also, a point cloud was calculated from historical images, which can be compared with the current situation. The combination of modern and historical data enables new archaeological interpretations. From a museum perspective, strategies for the construction of authentic value of the 3D model is considered, as well as its communication to the public.

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Vellingiriraj, E. K., M. Balamurugan, and P. Balasubramanie. "Text Analysis and Information Retrieval of Historical Tamil Ancient Documents Using Machine Translation in Image Zoning." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 2, no. 4 (December 2016): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2016.2.4.88.

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Chesnokova, Nadezhda. "Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich’s Constantinople Barmy Revisited." ISTORIYA 12, no. 5 (103) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015990-8.

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In 1662, the Greek merchant Ivan Yuryev Repetas delivered to Moscow the barmy (regalia collar) (diadem) made in Constantinople on special request from Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich. This wonderful piece of ancient art has survived to this day almost unchanged and is now deposited in the Kremlin Armory. Several generations of scholars have paid attention to the story of the barmy, its creation, artistic design and the significance of the images on enamel medallions. This discussion revealed disagreements among researchers. Not very long ago, there emerged the idea that it is Ivan Yuriev Repeta who was the jeweler and author of the diadem. This opinion is not supported by documents. However, revisiting the written sources not only makes it possible to make additions to the previously known data, but to name the master who made the Constantinople barmy for Alexey Mikhailovich.

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Didi-Huberman, Georges. "Ouvrir les camps, fermer les yeux." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 61, no. 5 (October 2006): 1009–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900039925.

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RésuméAu moment même où il est devenu possible de commémorer en grande pompe la libération d’Auschwitz, la connaissance historique des camps se heurte encore à un problème de méthode: il demeure très difficile d’articuler la lisibilité de l’histoire à la visibilité des documents, photographiques ou cinématographiques, qui témoignent de cette période, depuis juillet 1944 (l’ouverture de Majdanek par l’armée soviétique, filmée par Roman Karmen) jusqu’en mai 1945 (l’ouverture de Falkenau par l’armée américaine, filmée par Samuel Fuller). Les exigences théoriques formulées par Walter Benjamin à l’endroit de la connaissance historique permettent cependant de mieux articuler le constat au récit, l’état des lieux à l’« état du temps », l’image à sa « légende ». Le film réalisé par Samuel Fuller à Falkenau, puis recontextualisé par Emil Weiss en 1988 nous montre exemplairement comment des images de l’horreur peuvent être rendues à une certaine condition – esthétique, éthique – de lisibilité, afin que soit reconnue avec dignité de quelle indignité les hommes sont capables. Façon de montrer à l’œuvre une très ancienne coalescence de l’imago avec la dignitas civile. « Brève leçon d’humanité en vingt et une minutes» d’images tremblantes, comme disait l’auteur même de ces images.

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Sugianela, Yuna, and Nanik Suciati. "Javanese Document Image Recognition Using Multiclass Support Vector Machine." CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal 13, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/commit.v13i1.5330.

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Some ancient documents in Indonesia are written in the Javanese script. Those documents contain the knowledge of history and culture of Indonesia, especially about Java. However, only a few people understand the Javanese script. Thus, the automation system is needed to translate the document written in the Javanese script. In this study, the researchers use the classification method to recognize the Javanese script written in the document. The method used is the Multiclass Support Vector Machine (SVM) using One Against One (OAO) strategy. The researchers use seven variations of Javanese script from the different document for this study. There are 31 classes and 182 data for training and testing data. The result shows good performance in the evaluation. The recognition system successfully resolves the problem of color variation from the dataset. The accuracy of the study is 81.3%.

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Mehri, Maroua, Ramzi Chaieb, Karim Kalti, Pierre Héroux, Rémy Mullot, and Najoua Essoukri Ben Amara. "A Comparative Study of Two State-of-the-Art Feature Selection Algorithms for Texture-Based Pixel-Labeling Task of Ancient Documents." Journal of Imaging 4, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging4080097.

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Recently, texture features have been widely used for historical document image analysis. However, few studies have focused exclusively on feature selection algorithms for historical document image analysis. Indeed, an important need has emerged to use a feature selection algorithm in data mining and machine learning tasks, since it helps to reduce the data dimensionality and to increase the algorithm performance such as a pixel classification algorithm. Therefore, in this paper we propose a comparative study of two conventional feature selection algorithms, genetic algorithm and ReliefF algorithm, using a classical pixel-labeling scheme based on analyzing and selecting texture features. The two assessed feature selection algorithms in this study have been applied on a training set of the HBR dataset in order to deduce the most selected texture features of each analyzed texture-based feature set. The evaluated feature sets in this study consist of numerous state-of-the-art texture features (Tamura, local binary patterns, gray-level run-length matrix, auto-correlation function, gray-level co-occurrence matrix, Gabor filters, Three-level Haar wavelet transform, three-level wavelet transform using 3-tap Daubechies filter and three-level wavelet transform using 4-tap Daubechies filter). In our experiments, a public corpus of historical document images provided in the context of the historical book recognition contest (HBR2013 dataset: PRImA, Salford, UK) has been used. Qualitative and numerical experiments are given in this study in order to provide a set of comprehensive guidelines on the strengths and the weaknesses of each assessed feature selection algorithm according to the used texture feature set.

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Aschkenasy, Nehama. "Introduction: Recreating the Canon." AJS Review 28, no. 1 (April 2004): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009404000029.

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In the articles gathered here, scholars of Hebrew revisit modern literary works and cultural documents through the prism of their continuing discourse with the Hebraic master narrative, the Bible. These scholars identify twin patterns in modern Hebrew texts: one is of embedding biblical prototypes, dramatic or semantic, in modern writings, while often questioning, challenging, and reversing the ancient models; the other is recreating and foregrounding specific biblical characters, scenes, or images, yet endowing them with a contemporary consciousness or placing them within the current cultural attitudes or mindset. Several contemporary scholars understand this two-pronged pattern, revolutionary and deconstructive as it might seem, within the time-hallowed tradition of midrash. Some find the midrashic mode helpful in interpreting such texts as well as in providing a methodological framework to the critical discourse. Thus, Gershon Shaked suggests in his article that all modern texts displaying this pattern may be viewed as modern midrashim.

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A. Jain, Sajan, N. Shobha Rani, and N. Chandan. "Image Enhancement of Complex Document Images Using Histogram of Gradient Features." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.36 (December 9, 2018): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.36.24244.

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Enhancement of document images is an interesting research challenge in the process of character recognition. It is quite significant to have a document with uniform illumination gradient to achieve higher recognition accuracies through a document processing system like Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Complex document images are one of the varied image categories that are difficult to process compared to other types of images. It is the quality of document that decides the precision of a character recognition system. Hence transforming the complex document images to a uniform illumination gradient is foreseen. In the proposed research, ancient document images of UMIACS Tobacco 800 database are considered for removal of marginal noise. The proposed technique carries out the block wise interpretation of document contents to remove the marginal noise that is present usually at the borders of images. Further, Hu moment’s features are computed for the detection of marginal noise in every block. An empirical analysis is carried out for classification of blocks into noisy or non-noisy and the outcomes produced by algorithm are satisfactory and feasible for subsequent analysis.

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Coustaty, Mickaël, Norbert Tsopze, Karell Berthet, Alain Bouju, and Georges Louis. "Traitement des documents anciens à l’aide d’ontologie." Les cahiers du numérique 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2012): 91–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/lcn.8.3.91-118.

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Moharkar, Lalita, Sudhanshu Varun, Apurva Patil, and Abhishek Pal. "A scene perception system for visually impaired based on object detection and classification using CNN." ITM Web of Conferences 32 (2020): 03039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20203203039.

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In this paper we have developed a system for visually impaired people using OCR and machine learning. Optical Character Recognition is an automated data entry tool. To convert handwritten, typed or printed text into data that can be edited on a computer, OCR software is used. The paper documents are scanned on simple systems with an image scanner. Then, the OCR program looks at the image and compares letter shapes to stored letter images. OCR in English has evolved over the course of half a century to a point that we have established application that can seamlessly recognize English text. This may not be the case for Indian languages, as they are much more complex in structure and computation compared to English. Therefore, creating an OCR that can execute Indian languages as suitably as it does for English becomes a must. Devanagari is one of the Indian languages spoken by more than 70% of people in Maharashtra, so some attention should be given to studying ancient scripts and literature. The main goal is to develop a Devanagari character recognition system that can be implemented in the Devanagari script to recognize different characters, as well as some words.

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Charrada, et al., Mohamed A. "Image Extracting from Ancient Arab Documents with Complex Structures." International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/ijcds/030107.

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Nafchi, Hossein Ziaei, Reza Farrahi Moghaddam, and Mohamed Cheriet. "Phase-Based Binarization of Ancient Document Images: Model and Applications." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 23, no. 7 (July 2014): 2916–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2322451.

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Arnia, Fitri, and Khairul Munadi. "Binarization of Ancient Document Images based on Multipeak Histogram Assumption." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v15i3.5105.

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Hu, Rui, Jean-Marc Odobez, and Daniel Gatica-Perez. "Extracting Maya Glyphs from Degraded Ancient Documents via Image Segmentation." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 10, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2996859.

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Soulages, François. "Phantasia & phantasma. Anciens textes & nouvelles images." Littérature 122, no. 2 (2001): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/litt.2001.1711.

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Christol, Michel, and Christian Landes. "Bornes milliaires et aménagements de la Via Domitia sous l'Empire romain : documents anciens, documents récents, documents nouveaux." Bulletin de la Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France 2006, no. 1 (2012): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bsnaf.2012.10997.

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.P.S, Thumilvannan, Bhavani S, and Sridevi J. "Image Binarization and Lossless Compression of Ancient Documents using SPIHT Algorithm." International Journal of Computer Applications 115, no. 17 (April 22, 2015): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/20244-2602.

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Sehad, Abdenour, Youcef Chibani, Rachid Hedjam, and Mohamed Cheriet. "Gabor filter-based texture for ancient degraded document image binarization." Pattern Analysis and Applications 22, no. 1 (August 29, 2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10044-018-0747-7.

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Ramel, Frédéric. "Représentations, images et politique étrangère : anciens débats, nouveaux outils." Revue française de science politique 50, no. 3 (2000): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfsp.2000.395488.

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Wake, Clive, and P. M. Wetherill. "L'Education sentimentale: Images et documents." Modern Language Review 82, no. 2 (April 1987): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3728483.

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Jianying Hu and A. Bagga. "Categorizing images in web documents." IEEE Multimedia 11, no. 1 (January 2004): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmul.2004.1261103.

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Canellas López, Angel. "Paleografía aragonesa de la Alta Edad Media anterior al año 1137." Anuario de Estudios Medievales 21, no. 1 (April 2, 2020): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aem.1991.v21.1120.

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L'héritage paléographique d'Aragon, pendant le haut Moyen Age et jusqu’à son union avec le Comté de Barcelone en 1137, est très interessant pour le paléographe qui y trouve un champ d'observation sur la persistance particulière de la tradition culturelle wisigothe, qui s'est maintenue longtemps, jusqu’à l'apparition des graphies carolines. De là vient l'inrérêt des exemples conservés dans les manuscrits anciens et les documents. Le Règne d’Aragon primitif, ensemble de terres indépendantes, sont réunies par un roi qui les intègre successivement. C'est un terrain intéressant pour étudier la lente évolution des graphies wisigothes depuis le VIIIeme, jusqu'au XIIeme siècle, moment où apparaissent les mauvaises habitudes de l'écriture caroline. Dans cet article, on passe en revue d’inreressants exemples d'écritures, conservés dans des manuscrits anciens et des documents qui illustrent cette lente évolution graphique, ainsi que des enluminures qui mèlent l'art local mozarabe a l'implantation graduelle de motifs carolingiens européens.

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Patay-Horváth, András. "The Virtual 3D Reconstruction of the East Pediment of the Temple of Zeus at Olympia – Presentation of an Interactive CD-ROM." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 6 (December 21, 2011): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.6.30.

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The paper gives an overview of a two-years project concerning a major monument of ancient Greek art and presents the interactive, bilingual (English/Hungarian) CD-ROM, which is intended to summarize and visualize its final results. The presented project approaches a century-old controversy in a new way by producing a virtual 3D reconstruction of a monumental marble group. Digital models of the statues were produced by scanning the original fragments and by reconstructing them virtually. The virtual model of the pediment surrounding the sculptures was prepared on the basis of the latest architectural studies and afterwards the reconstructed models were inserted in this frame, in order to test the technical feasibility and aesthetic effects the four possible arrangements. The resulting models enable easy and very instructive experimentation, which would be otherwise impossible with the originals and/or very expensive and not very practicable with traditional tools (e.g. real-size plaster models). The complete model can effectively be used to verify the results of earlier or more recent reconstructions presented only in simple drawings. In addition, the 3D models of the individual fragments can be used for further research and for visualization. The documentary CD-ROM presenting the full background, the methods and the conclusions of the project contains beside a comprehensive text various kinds of supporting documents (images, 3D models, papers, broadcasts, audiovisual material). It is addressed to a mixed audience: a picture gallery, a short documentary movie some other attachments including a selected bibliography is intended for the general public, but scholarly publications, presentations on related problems are also included for specialists interested in certain details.

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Glessgen, Martin-Dietrich, and Julia Alletsgruber. "Annexe. Structure de la base de données lexicologique des Plus anciens documents." Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes 168, no. 1 (2010): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bec.2010.464013.

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Lima, Henrique Espada. "Une histoire d’un autre futur: La fin de l’esclavage au Brésil et les attentes de droits des esclaves (années 1870-années 1880)." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 74, no. 1 (March 2019): 107–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ahss.2019.141.

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RésumésLa lente dissolution puis l’abolition de l’esclavage au Brésil (en 1888) ont produit des transformations majeures dans les relations sociales et de travail au cours de la seconde moitié du xixe siècle. Cet article aborde une dimension importante mais rarement discutée de ce paysage changeant, à savoir les attentes que les esclaves et les anciens esclaves projetaient sur le monde postémancipation. Les sources mobilisées sont formées par un nombre choisi d’affaires judiciaires prenant place au Sud du Brésil et liées aux relations de travail, à la garde des enfants, à l’accès à une compensation financière et à d’autres conflits quotidiens, que les anciens esclaves ont présentées devant les tribunaux brésiliens en intentant un procès contre leurs anciens maîtres – les employeurs, voire les administrateurs publics dans les années précédant l’abolition. À travers une lecture attentive de ces documents, l’article examine les attentes de droits – en particulier les droits sociaux, mais aussi les droits du travail, politiques et reproductifs – qui ont guidé les actions individuelles et collectives des anciens esclaves dans la sphère publique, et la façon dont ces attentes ont été confrontées aux réalités de l’émancipation au Brésil.

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Dwipayana, Mahendar, Fitri Arnia, and Zuhar Musliyana. "Histogram equalization smoothing for determining threshold accuracy on ancient document image binarization." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1019 (June 2018): 012071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1019/1/012071.

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Kiseleva, N. A. "Deltiological Collection of Pskov Professor Yury Mukhin." Observatory of Culture 15, no. 3 (August 19, 2018): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2018-15-3-321-329.

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Every year the Pskov State University hosts the International scientifi c and practical conference “Mukhin readings”, which received its name in honor of the Doctor of psychological Sciences, Honorary Professor of the Department of pedagogics and psychology Yury Mikhailovich Mukhin. He would have turned 95 on July 24, 2018. He devoted many years of his life to the search and systematization of art postcards with the images of masterpieces of world art, which he used in scientifi c and pedagogical activities. The famous collection of Y.M. Mukhin includes more than 12 500 postcards; 10 994 of them were donated by the widow of the scientist to the Pskov regional universal scientifi c library (PRUSB), where they are now kept in the Department of literature on culture and art, as well as in the Regional Center for work with rare and valuable documents of PRUSB. The article describes the content and value of this collection, the main part of which is devoted to paintings, but there are series of postcards with graphics, engravings, sculpture, jewelry, arts and crafts, book illustrations and miniatures, photos, etc. The cards represent a wide variety of pictorial genres: portraits, landscapes, still life, as well as historical, military, religious, domestic genre scenes. You can see here the paintings by famous Russian and foreign artists, as well as works of little-known and unknown authors. The presented reproductions demonstrate the values that the world’s largest galleries and museums have, covering historical periods from ancient times to the end of the 20th century, and acquaint with the paintings, on which many generations were brought up. Truly, the collection of Y.M. Mukhin is the pride of the people of Pskov and is the unique encyclopedia of art, the art world in miniature.

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Sautron, Marie. "Les images olfactives et gustatives du discours poétique des anciens Mexicains." Caravelle 81, no. 1 (2003): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/carav.2003.1438.

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Dion, Nicholas. "Du Couvent des Jacobins à la Bibliothèque Roger-Maltais : quelques pistes sur la constitution du fonds ancien de l’Université de Sherbrooke." Études littéraires 46, no. 2 (October 24, 2016): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037703ar.

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Parmi les quelque huit mille documents qui constituent la réserve des livres rares du Service des bibliothèques et archives de l’Université de Sherbrooke, environ trois cents documents publiés avant l’an 1800 forment depuis 2013 une catégorie distincte : les « Livres anciens IMAQ ». En nous basant sur les archives retraçant l’histoire de la création des bibliothèques de l’Université de Sherbrooke, nous proposons de retracer le voyage parcouru par certains ouvrages de cette collection spéciale, notamment une série de dictionnaires ayant appartenue à l’Abbaye Saint-Benoît-du-Lac.

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Yin, Yong Hua, Ying Jin, Quan Yin Zhu, and Yun Yang Yan. "Extracting Images from Chinese PDF Documents." Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (February 2014): 887–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.887.

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In order to efficient tap the potential value in Chinese PDF documents and use Chinese PDF documents, an unique idea that extracting images from Chinese PDF documents is proposed in this paper. The idea combines PDFs document structure and page tree to extract images. Based on this idea, the experiments in this paper are done with one hundred Chinese PDF documents. And the extraction rate of the experiments obtains 83.56 percent. According to the analysis of experimental results, it is proved that the idea proposed in this paper is applicable to most of Chinese PDF documents and it is able to meet most of the needs of practical application.

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de Queiroz, R. L. "Processing JPEG-compressed images and documents." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 7, no. 12 (1998): 1661–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/83.730378.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Images de documents anciens'

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