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Journal articles on the topic 'Imidazole derivatives characterization'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ashok, S. R., and M. K. Shivananda. "Synthesis and Characterization and Antifungal Screening Studies of Some Novel Imidazole Derivatives." 1 8, no. 1 (2022): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/jemm/8/1/7.

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Imidazole derivatives are five-mamboed heterocyclic having nitrogen, and oxygen atoms in their ring structure and exhibiting potent as well as wide range of pharmacological activities. Current investigations of imidazole derivatives have provided information that these derivatives may have applications in antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, as well as antidiabitic treatments. Fen bam is an imidazole derivative developed by McNeil Laboratories in the late 1970s as a novel anxiolytic drug with an at-the-time-unidentified molecular target in the brain. The imidazole ring system is present in im

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2

E.AJILA*, R.ANIZ K.ROY THARA BAI. "SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 1H-SUBSTITUTED 2, 4, 5- TRIPHENYL IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 08 (2018): 7367–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1342750.

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<em>On the basis of various literature survey, imidazole derivatives show various activity such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitubercular, anticancer etc. The possible improvements in the activity can be further achieved by slight modifications in the substituents on the basic imidazole nucleus. Thus imidazole offers better pharmacodynamic characteristics. Furthermore, some imidazole drugs, at high concentrations, could exert direct inhibitory effects on membranes, without interference with sterols and sterol esters. Various recent new drugs developments in imidazole deriv

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3

Bhat, Mashooq Ahmad, Mohamed A. Al-Omar, Ahmed M. Naglah, Atef Kalmouch, and Abdullah Al-Dhfyan. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biginelli Dihydropyrimidinone Derivatives Containing Imidazole Moiety." Journal of Chemistry 2019 (May 13, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3131879.

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Enaminone, (2E)-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]-4-methylpent-2-en-1-one (II) was synthesized by refluxing 1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl] ethan-1-one (I) with dimethylforamide dimethylacetal (DMF–DMA) under solvent-free condition for 12 hours. Finally, the dihydropyrimidinone derivatives containing imidazole moiety (1–15) were obtained by reacting enaminone, (2E)-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]-4-methylpent-2-en-1-one (II) with urea and different substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of glacial acetic acid. Dihydropyrimidinone derivatives containing imidazole moiety were synthesized in exc

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4

Sitapara, S. M., J. H. Pandya, and S. K. Kangad. "Expedited Synthesis and Comprehensive Characterization of Oxomorpholine-Imidazole Derivatives: Unraveling their Remarkable Antimicrobial Activity." Journal of Scientific Research 16, no. 1 (2024): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v16i1.67728.

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This research focuses on synthesizing aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds with potential pharmaceutical and medicinal applications. Imidazole derivatives have garnered significant attention due to their versatile therapeutic potential, encompassing a broad spectrum of diseases, including cancer, bacterial infections, fungal infections, and malaria. To accomplish this, we have developed an efficient synthetic route to explore a diverse array of 2-((1,4-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio)-N-(4-(3-oxomorpholino)phenyl) acetamide derivatives. The structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds wa

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5

Rufaida, Farheen *. Y. Rajesh Babu 1. "SYNTHESIS AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BENZIMIDAZOLE FUSED BENZOPYRAN DERIVATIVES AND EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTI-BACTERIAL POTENCY." Journal of Pharma Research 8, no. 3 (2019): 88–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2620330.

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<strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong> <strong><em>B</em></strong><em>enz-imidazole fused benzopyran derivatives were prepared by the reaction of 2-(1H-Benzo[d]Imidazol-2-yl)-1phenyl-1H-Benzo[f]chromeno-3-amine with different substituted benzaldehydes. The resulting derivatives were subjected to physical and chemical characterization. The anti-bacterial potency of the synthesized compounds was tested against a set of Gram positive and negative bacteria. The compound 9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-16-phenyl-16H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]benzo[5,6]chromeno[3,2-e]pyrimidine exhibited most potent activity. Detaile

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6

Pandey, Himanshu, Kaushal Kumar, Neha Mishra, Ritu Yadav, and S. P. Shrivastava. "Sonochemical Synthesis, Characterization and Molecular Docking of Thiazole and Triazole Tethered Tetra-Substituted Imidazoles." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 38, no. 6 (2022): 1445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/380616.

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Sonochemical synthesis of tetra-substituted imidazole derivatives tethered with thiazole and triazole moieties carried out by condensation reaction, involving aldehyde, benzil, ammonium acetate and selected amino azole moiety with brick clay as catalyst. The synthesized tetra-substituted imidazole derivatives were characterized using FT-IR, NMR spectroscopy. Molecular docking studies of the synthesized tetra-substituted imidazole derivatives for their antimicrobial potency were also performed. These derivatives scored satisfactorily and can be the possible lead for the future drug candidate ag

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7

Saha, Supriyo, Vanshita Gupta, Mazen Almehmadi, Meriem Khedraoui, Samir Chtita, and Vikash Jakhmola. "Synthesis, molecular docking, MD simulation, and In vitro alpha-amylase activity of some new imidazole derivatives." INDIAN JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 35, no. 02 (2025): 325. https://doi.org/10.59467/ijhc.2025.35.325.

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A series of imidazole derivatives (F1-F6) was synthesized in three steps starting from benzaldehyde/4- chlorobenzaldehyde. In the first step, benzaldehyde and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde separately reacted with thiamine hydrochloride and formed benzoin derivatives (1 and 5). Then, benzoin derivatives separately reacted with urea, thiourea, and guanidine hydrochloride to form different substituted imidazole derivatives (2, 6; 3, 7; and 4, 8), respectively. In the last step substituted imidazole derivatives afforded the final products (F1-F6) upon reaction with benzoyl chloride. Then the molecules were

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8

Layla Amer Ibrahim and Radhiyah Abdul Baqi Aldujaili. "Synthesis , Characterization and study the Antimicrobial Activity For Benzo pyran -2-imine and Tetrazole Ring Derivatives." Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences 3, no. 3 (2024): 178–200. https://doi.org/10.36329/jkcm/2024/v3.i3.15835.

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The derivatives of [3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-imine]L8 and [2-((1H-tetrazol-5-yl)methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole] L7,L9 have been obtained using -(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)acetonitrile as starting material .The latter compound was utilized as a key intermediate for the synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds L8,7,9 with good yields. Newly synthesized compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activity and characterized by analytical and spectral data.

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9

Behjet, Shaimaa A., and Zahraa F. Khudair. "Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Derivatives and Studying of their Biological Activity (Anti-Bacteria)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 11, no. 01 (2020): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.11.1.6.

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Introduction: In this work synthesis, many kinds of heterocyclic derivatives by many steps, the first we preparation 1-(4-((1H-imidazol_2-yl-) diazenyl) phenyl) ethan-1_one. (1) by coupling of diazonium salt of p-amino acetophenone with imidazole in alkaline alcoholic media, the second step include react (1) with 2_amino_6_methylpyrimidin _4_ol in acid medium to get Schiff base derivatives(2)the last step include react(2) with (sodium azide, thioglycolic acid, glycine, alanine, Tryptophan, (2 aminobenzoic acid), (2-mercaptobenzoic acid) to give (tetrazole(3), thiazolidine(4), imidazolidine(5-7

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10

Ramos, Nuna L. P., Rui Oliveira, Susana P. G. Costa, and M. Manuela M. Raposo. "Synthesis and Preliminary Antibacterial Evaluation of A 2,4,5-Tri(hetero)arylimidazole Derivative." Chemistry Proceedings 3, no. 1 (2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-24-08331.

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The imidazole ring is a planar heterocycle whose derivatives are applied in several scientific areas, such as medicinal, materials and supramolecular chemistry. The presence of the imidazole ring in these structures is the key to the development of new drugs, since it is ubiquitous in naturally occurring biological structures. Therefore, over the past few decades, several imidazole derivatives have been synthesized and occupy a unique position in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their diverse biological activities. In order to continue the work developed by the research group, we report

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11

El-Ossaily, Yasser A., Nuha M. M. Alanazi, Ibrahim O. Althobaiti, et al. "Multicomponent approach to the synthesis and spectral characterization of some 3,5-pyrazolididione derivatives and evaluation as anti-inflammatory agents." Current Chemistry Letters 13, no. 1 (2024): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ccl.2023.8.003.

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Pyrazolones are a class of heterocyclic compounds that contain a pyrazole ring fused to a ketone group. Recent scientific research has focused extensively on the potential anti-inflammatory properties of pyrazolone compounds due to their diverse pharmacological effects in alleviating inflammation and reducing fever. This motivated us to focus on the preparation of these derivatives in a simple and eco-friendly manner. A convenient new green methodology was modified for the preparation of 1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione by the sonicated MCR of diethyl malonate, phenylhydrazine, and a catalytic a

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12

Vedekhina, T. S., M. V. Chudinov, and A. Yu Lukin. "Design and synthesis of 4-nitroimidazole derivatives with potential antitubercular activity." Fine Chemical Technologies 18, no. 3 (2023): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2023-18-3-219-229.

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Objectives. To develop the procedures for synthesis of hybrid molecules with potential anti-tubercular activity containing heterocyclic cores of 4-nitroimidazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole within the framework of a double-drug strategy and predict bioactivity of target structures and drug-likeness physicochemical parameters.Methods. Target compounds were prepared by classical organic synthesis methods. The structure of the obtained compounds was characterized by melting points, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The calculation of the physicoc

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13

S., Anitha, Ganapathi M., and Ravi A. "SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED SULFONAMIDE BEARING IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION." International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research 1, no. 2 (2017): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.256148.

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The sulfonamide bearing imidazole derivatives have been synthesized via two stages of chemical reactions. In a first stage, various substituted benzaldehyde condensed with benzil and ammonium acetate in presence L-Proline served as green catalyst. In a second stage, the series of substituted imidazole derivatives were reacted with benzene sulfonyl chloride in the presence of triethyl amine base. All synthesized compounds were characterized by various spectral techniques like UV-Visible, FTIR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectral analysis respectively. UV- Visible and FTIR spectra of each of the synth

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14

Pandey, Himanshu, and S. P. Shrivastava. "One Pot Synthesis, Characterization of Benzothiazole/ Benzimidazole Tethered Imidazole Derivatives using Clay as Catalyst." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 37, no. 3 (2021): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/370309.

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A Green approach for benzothiazole / benzimidazole tethered imidazole derivative synthesis utilizing brick derived clay as a catalyst. Brick clay catalyst used in this synthesis has shown excellent catalytic activity by increasing efficiency, reducing the reaction time and most importantly it is reusable for further reaction runs. These derivatives were synthesized by four component condensation reaction that involvebenzil, aldehyde, 2-aminobenzimidazole / 2-amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole and ammonium acetate. The clay catalyst is characterized by FT-IR while the synthesized derivatives were chara

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15

Hemmesi, Leila. "Preparation and Characterization of NiCoFe2O4 Nanoparticles as an Effective Catalyst for the Synthesis of Trisubstituted Imidazole Derivatives Under Solvent-free Conditions." Acta Chimica Slovenica 69, no. 4 (2022): 876–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2022.7633.

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In this study, NiCoFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared and used as a reactive catalyst for the synthesis of trisubstituted imidazoles. The multicomponent reactions of aromatic aldehydes, benzil and ammonium acetate were carried out under solvent-free and conventional heating conditions. In this reaction, some imidazole derivatives with high purity, short reaction times and high yields were obtained. The prepared nanocatalyst was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, EDX, VSM and SEM techniques. Moreover, the organic products were identified by melting point, FT-IR and 1H NMR analyzes.

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16

Prabha, Shashi, Sanjay S S, Vishwanatha P, and Sudhakar Y N. "Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Quinoline Bound Imidazoles." Mapana Journal of Sciences 17, no. 2 (2021): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.12723/mjs.45.6.

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8-Hydroxyqunoline derivatives were synthesised by treating 5-chloromethyl-8-hydroxy quinoline with imidazole and characterized using NMR and mass spectrometry. 2-mercaptoimidazole derivatives of 8-hydroxy quinoline were also synthesized and characterized. One of the compounds in this series has been tested for dengue activity along with other series of compounds, but did not show any activity against dengue virus.

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17

Hasson, Mohammed Mujbel, Basim H. Al-Zaidi, and Ahmad H. Ismail. "Synthesis and Characterization of Ag(I) Complexes Derived from New N-Heterocyclic Carbenes." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 5 (2019): 1149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21877.

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Two new unsymmetrical imidazolium salts viz., [1-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-propyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium bromide] (3) and [1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3-propyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium bromide] (4) have been synthesized via the reaction of propyl bromide with imidazole derivatives, [1-(4-ethylphenyl)-1Himidazole] (1) and [1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1H-imidazole] (2) in absence of solvent. Then two new N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes (5 and 6) were prepared through the reaction of imidazoluim salts (3 and 4) as a source of N-heterocyclic carbene with Ag2O by in situ method. These complexes can be used in the futu

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18

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Benzimidazole Derivatives." Baghdad Science Journal 13, no. 1 (2016): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.13.1.82-88.

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In this paper the new starting material 2-(5-chloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl) aniline (1) was synthesized by the condensation reaction of 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine and anthranilic acid .The new Mannich base derivatives were synthesized using formaldehyde and different secondary amines to synthesize a new set of benzimidazole derivatives(2-5). Also, the new Schiff-base derivatives (6-10) were synthesized from the reaction of compound (1) with various aromatic aldehydes and the closure-ring was done successfully using mercapto acetic acid to get the new thiazolidine derivatives(11-12).These n

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19

McClements, Isobelle F., Clara R. Wiesler, and Joseph M. Tanski. "Crystallographic and spectroscopic characterization of two 1-phenyl-1H-imidazoles: 4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazole." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 79, no. 7 (2023): 678–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989023005480.

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The title compounds, C10H8N2O, (I), and C10H10N2O, (II), are two 1-phenyl-1H-imidazole derivatives, which differ in the substituent para to the imidazole group on the arene ring, i.e. a benzaldehyde, (I), and an anisole, (II). Both molecules pack with different motifs via similar weak C—H...N/O interactions and differ with respect to the angles between the mean planes of the imidazole and arene rings [24.58 (7)° in (I) and 43.67 (4)° in (II)].

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Vampa, Gabriella, Stefania Benvenuti, Fabio Severi, Luca Malmusi, and Luciano Antolini. "The methylation, oxidation and crystallographic characterization of imidazole derivatives." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 32, no. 1 (1995): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.5570320138.

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Kelemen, Hajnal, Gabriel Hancu, Serban Andrei Gâz-Florea, Eniko Nemes-Nagy, Lajos Attila Papp, and Eleonora Mircia. "Characterization of Inclusion Complexes between Miconazole and Different Cyclodextrin Derivatives." Acta Medica Marisiensis 64, no. 2 (2018): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2018-0012.

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Abstract Objective: Miconazole, an imidazole antifungal derivative, is a very hydrophobic compound, a major drawback in obtaining topical pharmaceutical formulations with optimal bioavailability. Cyclodextrins (CDs) may increase local drug delivery by enhancing the drug release and/or permeation. The aim of the study is the characterization of inclusion complexes between miconazole and different CD derivatives. Methods: Several CD derivatives were tested in the experiments. The binary systems between miconazole and different CDs were prepared in 1:1 molar ratios by physical-mixture and kneadin

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Bayya, Chandraprakash, and Sarangapani Manda. "Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Activity of (5,1-Substituted)-3-(indoline-4-(thiophene-2-yl-methylene)-2-(p-tolyl)-2-methylene)-4,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole-5-one Derivatives." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 9 (2021): 2027–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23271.

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The synthesis of novel imidazole-5-one derivatives (5a-j) was allowed in a conventional method by way of Erlenmeyer and Schiff base mechanism. Compound 2a was synthesized by Erlenmeyer reaction of N-(4-methoxy benzoyl)glycine with 2-thiophene-carboxaldehyde in the presence of acetic anhydride and anhydrous sodium acetate. Finally, it undergoes dehydration reaction with Schiff bases of isatin derivatives (4a-j) to yield final compounds 5a-j. The organic potentials of the newly synthesized imidazole-5-one derivatives have been evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity by MTT assay method.

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23

Parab, R. H., and B. C. Dixit. "Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Imidazole Derivatives Based on 2-chloro-7-methyl-3-formylquinoline." E-Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 3 (2012): 1188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/164235.

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A series of oxazole and thereof imidazole derivatives were prepared from 2-chloro-7-methyl-3-formyl quinoline. The structures of all synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental, IR,1HNMR,13CNMR spectra. Supplementary to these, they were assayedin vitrofor their antimicrobial activity; it was revealed that some synthesized derivatives were exhibiting competent biological activity against both gram negative and gram positive bacterial species and fungal microorganisms.

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Younes, Eyad A., Amneh M. AL-Snaid, Kayed A. Abu-Safieh, Fatemeh Salami, Nayyef Aljaar, and Yuming Zhao. "Synthesis and characterization of 2-(anthracene-9-yl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole derivatives as environmentally sensitive fluorophores." RSC Advances 14, no. 32 (2024): 23511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra03735a.

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A series of π-extended 2-(anthracene-9-yl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole (ADPI) derivatives were synthesized. These compounds show sensitive fluorescence responses to solvent polarity, acidity, and fluoride anion.

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Abdullah, Asmaa M., Abdull Jabar Kh Attia, and Sergei N. Shtykov. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives using CdO NPs and their Application as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 35, no. 4 (2024): 52–63. https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v35i4.1572.

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Background: Benzimidazoles are a class of compounds characterized by a fusion of benzene and imidazole rings. This unique structure endows them with a broad spectrum of biological activities, making them invaluable in medicinal and pharmaceutical research. The benzene ring provides aromatic stability, while the imidazole ring offers a site for various chemical modifications, enhancing their versatility and functionality. Benzimidazoles are known for their diverse pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic. Objective: Synthes

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Glaser, Thorsten, Maik Heidemeier, Erich Krickemeyer, and Hartmut Bögge. "Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Monofunctionalized Phloroglucin-Derivative: A Precursor for Heterotrinuclear meta-Phenylene Bridged Complexes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 61, no. 6 (2006): 753–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-0616.

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As part of our synthetic efforts for new triplesalen derivatives, we reacted 2,4,6-triacetyl- 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene (1) with excess Cu(ClO4)2 · 6H2O, imidazole, and ethylenediamine. However, not the triple ketimine derivative was formed but the mononuclear CuII complex [LCuII(ImH)]ClO4 · 0.5EtOH · 0.5H2O (HL = 6-(1-(2-aminoethylimino)ethyl)-2,4-diacetyl-1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) with only one ketimine function. This complex forms a one-dimensional coordination polymer in the solid state through the apical binding of a keto-oxygen atom of one cation to the CuII ion of a neighboring cation. Mag

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Burdzhiev, Nikola, Anife Ahmedova, Boris Borrisov, and Robert Graf. "13C CPMAS NMR as a Tool for Full Structural Description of 2-Phenyl Substituted Imidazoles That Overcomes the Effects of Fast Tautomerization." Molecules 25, no. 17 (2020): 3770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173770.

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Tautomerization of 2-phenylimidazolecarbaldehydes has not been studied in detail so far, although this process is a well-known phenomenon for imidazole derivatives. That is why we focus our study on a series of 2-phenylimidazolecarbaldehydes and their parent alcohols that were synthesized and studied by detailed 1H and 13C NMR in solution and in the solid state. The apparent problem is that the fast tautomerization impedes the full structural description of the compounds by conventional 13C NMR measurements. Indeed, the 13C NMR spectra in solution exhibit poor resolution, and in most cases, si

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Yahyazadeh, Asieh, and Fatemah Habibi. "Synthesis and Characterization of 9-Phenyl-9H-purin-6-amines from 5-Amino-1-phenyl-1H-imidazole-4-carbonitriles." E-Journal of Chemistry 4, no. 3 (2007): 372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/218508.

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Ravikumar, Kavinkumar, and Milind Shrinivas Dangate. "Imidazole and thiazole derivatives: Synthesis, characterization, and nonlinear optical properties." Journal of Molecular Structure 1338 (August 2025): 142287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.142287.

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Alrazzak, Nour Abd, Suad T. Saad, and Nagham Mahmood Aljamali. "Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Analysis for New Amoxil Ligands." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 5 (2019): 1022–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21822.

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In the present study, new heterocyclic organic ligands were synthesized using amoxil drug as a starting material through multi steps. The ligands were prepared through condensation reaction to form thiazole and imidazole derivatives containing azo or anil groups in their structures via azotization reaction and imination reaction. The new ligands of amoxil have been characterized by means of spectral (IR and 1H NMR) and thermal analyses.

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Shaima Ibrahim Chyad Al-khazraji and Khalid M. Mohammed Al-janabi. "Synthesis and characterization heterocyclic of compounds derived fromamino pyridine substituted." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 21, no. 2 (2023): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v21i2.974.

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In this study, heterocyclic derivatives of imidazole, pyrimidine, benzodiazepine, indole and benzimidazole were synthesized. These new compounds were formed through the condensation reaction between 2-aminopyridinederivative with4-phenylphenacyl bromide, chloroacetic acid, malonic acid, phthalic acid, isatin and o-phenylenediamine respectively. All of these compounds synthesized produced of good yield percentage, The synthesized compounds structures were characterized by FTIR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "A New Derivatives of Benzodiazepine, Imidazole, Isatin, Maleimide, Pyrimidine and 1,2,4-Triazole: Synthesis and Characterization." Baghdad Science Journal 5, no. 2 (2008): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.5.2.305-312.

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The synthesis of new benzodiazepine, imidazole, isatin, maleimide, pyrimidine and 1,2,4-triazole derived from 2-amino-4-hydroxy-1,3,5-triazine, via its cyclocondensation reaction with different organic reagents, is described. FT-IR, 1H-NMR and as well as 13C-NMR spectra disclosed the structures of the precursors and heterocyclic derivatives formed.

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Kamal, Ahmed, and Shaimaa Adnan. "Synthesis, Characterization and Study the Biological Activity for Some New Heterocyclic Derivative from 4,5-dichloro Imidazole." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 12, no. 04 (2022): 1542–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.12.4.10.

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Creating a multi-step method for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds is the goal of this research. The first step involves reacting 4,5-dichloro-2- phenylenediamine with 3- amino- 4-“hydroxybenzoic acid to produce an imidazole derivative (1), which then reacts with salicyldehyde to produce the azo compound (2). Two, a Schiff base derivative is produced via a reaction with p-chloro aniline (23). Final steps involve reactions (3) with chloroacetyl chloride, alanine, sodium azide, thioglycol acid, anthranilic acid, and maleic anhydride, yielding beta-lactam derivatives (4), imidazolidine (5), tet

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Sujatha, Govindharaj, Periyasamy Ramanathan, Tamilselvan Pazhanisamy, and Vijayaraj Anusuya. "Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Computational Studies and Antimicrobial Activities of Imidazole Derivatives." DJ Journal of Engineering Chemistry and Fuel 1, no. 4 (2016): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18831/djchem.org/2016041006.

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35

Walther, Martin, Madlen Matterna, Stefanie Juran, et al. "Imidazole-containing Bispidine Ligands: Synthesis, Structure and Cu(II) Complexation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 66, no. 7 (2011): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2011-0713.

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The preparation and characterization of tris-pyridyl bispidine (3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane) derivatives with benzimidazole and imidazole donor groups at the N-3 position of the bispidine skeleton and their copper(II) complexes are reported. The impact of the hetaryl substituents on the configurational isomerism of piperidones and their corresponding bispidones has been studied by NMR spectroscopy, revealing the exclusive appearance in the enol form for the piperidones in solution and the trans-configuration regarding the two pyridyl substituents, as well as the sole formation of the unsymme

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36

Al-blewi, Fawzia, Salma Akram Shaikh, Arshi Naqvi та ін. "Design and Synthesis of Novel Imidazole Derivatives Possessing Triazole Pharmacophore with Potent Anticancer Activity, and In Silico ADMET with GSK-3β Molecular Docking Investigations". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, № 3 (2021): 1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031162.

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A library of novel imidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids were designed and synthesized based on the hybrid pharmacophore approach. Therefore, copper(I)catalyzed click reaction of thiopropargylated-imidazole 2 with several organoazides yielded two sets of imidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids carrying different un/functionalized alkyl/aryl side chains 4a–k and 6a–e. After full spectroscopic characterization using different spectral techniques (IR, 1H, 13C NMR) and elemental analyses, the resulted adducts were screened for their anticancer activity against four cancer cell lines (Caco-2, HCT-116, HeLa, an

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Sharma, Nidhi, Sanjeev Kumar, Sangit Kumar, S. K. Mehta, and K. K. Bhasin. "Synthesis and characterization of fused imidazole heterocyclic selenoesters and their application for chemical detoxification of HgCl2." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 4 (2018): 2702–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj03908e.

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Reddy, B. Anil. "Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of 1, 2-Disubstituted Benzimidazole Derivatives using Mannich Bases." E-Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 1 (2010): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/601929.

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The ring system in which a benzene ring is fused to the 4,5-positions of imidazole is designated as benzimidazole. Condensations of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized by different carboxylic acids using Mannich base and anti-inflammatory activity. The various positions on the benzimidazole ring are numbered in the manner indicated with the imino function as number one. The formations of the product were conformed by the analytical and spectral data.

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39

Gharia, Bhavini K., Bhanubhai N. Suhagia, and Vineet Jain. "Synthesis, crystal structure studies, characterization and study of novel heterocyclic thiadiazoles as caspase 3 inhibitors for anticancer activity." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis 10, no. 4 (2023): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpca.2023.045.

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In the present study we have reported the synthesis of some novel heterocyclic derivatives comprising imidazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole containing cyclopropyl moiety. Imidazothiadiazoles are of interest because of their diverse biological activities and clinical applications. Primarily docking studies are carried out with reference structure Pdb code:2DKO. We have reported the new series of 5,6 diaryl substituted with imidazo[2,1- b], , thiadiazoles analogs to target caspase family cysteine proteases. The reaction was monitored by Thin-layer chromatography using suitable mobile phase. The Rf val

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ORHAN, Ersin, Mahmut KÖSE, Demet ALKAN, and Leyla ÖZTÜRK. "Synthesis and Characterization of Some New 4-Methyl-5-Imidazole Carbaldehyde Derivatives." Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry 6, no. 3 (2019): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.530757.

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41

B'Bhatt, H., and S. Sharma. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Some Tri-Substituted Imidazole/thiazole Derivatives." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 52, no. 4 (2014): 1126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.1992.

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42

Vijesh, A. M., Arun M. Isloor, Sandeep Telkar, S. K. Peethambar, Sankappa Rai, and Nishitha Isloor. "Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of some new pyrazole incorporated imidazole derivatives." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 46, no. 8 (2011): 3531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.005.

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43

Suvarna D. Shinde, Suvarna D. Shinde, Rajesh K. Manjul Rajesh. K. Manjul, Vilas B. Gade Vilas. B. Gade, Namdev T. Dhokale Namdev T. Dhokale, and Mohan D. Sangale Mohan D. Sangale. "[BMIM][Cl]-Mediated Eco-Friendly One-Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazole Derivatives Under Microwave and Ultrasound Irradiation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 10, no. 3 (2025): 1381–87. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-100313811387.

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We present an eco-friendly and straightforward method for synthesizing benzimidazole derivatives through the multicomponent condensation of In the present work various substitute aromatic aldehydes were condensed with benzene-1,2-diamine to give 2-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole derivatives in the presence of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride as a catalyst in ethanol under conventional reflux condition, ultrasound irradiation in ethanol and microwave irradiation under solvent free condition for appropriate time.The one-pot synthesis, excellent isolated yield, underscores the efficiency of this

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Adil Mohamed, Shaymaa. "Synthesis and characterization of ionic liquids by imidazolium salts derivatives and study Molecular docking of compounds." Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences 4, no. 1 (2024): 40–53. https://doi.org/10.36329/jkcm/2024/v4.i1.16730.

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Ionic liquids represent a new category of compounds that have attracted considerable interest in current research. Derived from traditional concepts, these substances have shown impressive performance across various applications. The synthesis involves mixing new alkyl halides with a specific class of compounds, namely methyl and benzyl imidazole, to create the desired ionic liquids. Characterization of these newly synthesized compounds is carried out using techniques such as ^1H NMR, FT-IR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy

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Paleri, Sandhya V., Muhammad Niyas V. Kakkotakath, and Haridas R. Karickal. "Microwave assisted synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives using tetra butyl ammonium chloride as phase transfer catalyst, characterization, biological activities and molecular docking studies." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 25, no. 11 (2021): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2511rjce5763.

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Benzimidazole and its derivatives are of wide interest because of their diverse biological activity and clinical applications. The heterocyclic imidazole core is a common moiety in a large number of natural products and pharmacologically active compounds and because of that they are possessing inhibitory activity as well as favorable selectivity ratio. Benzimidazoles exhibit significant activities like anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer activity, numerous antioxidants, anti-parasitic, anti-helmintics, antiproliferative, anti-HIV, anti-convulsant, antiinflammatory, anti-hype

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Genady, Afaf, Mohamed El-Zaria, and Detlef Gabel. "Synthesis and characterization of azanonaborane-containing purine derivatives for boron neutron capture therapy." Open Chemistry 6, no. 2 (2008): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-008-0008-5.

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AbstractDerivatives of purine, adenine, guanine, and 2,6-diaminopurine linked to the azanonaborane (B8N cluster) have been prepared, for possible use as powerful agents for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The synthesis was carried out via a ligand exchange reaction. The exo-NH2R group of the azanonaborane of the type [(RH2N)B8H11NHR] can be exchanged by one hetero-nitrogen atom of the pyrimidine ring, and except for guanine, also by an N atom of the imidazole ring. The identity of the products was confirmed by NMR, elemental analysis, IR, and mass spectrometry. No reaction was found to o

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Salman, Asmaa S., Anhar Abdel-Aziem, and Marwa J. S. Alkubbat. "Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New 2-Substituted Imidazole Derivatives." International Journal of Organic Chemistry 05, no. 01 (2015): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijoc.2015.51003.

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Lázaro Martínez, Juan Manuel, Pablo Nicolás Romasanta, Ana Karina Chattah, and Graciela Yolanda Buldain. "NMR Characterization of Hydrate and Aldehyde Forms of Imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde and Derivatives." Journal of Organic Chemistry 75, no. 10 (2010): 3208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo902588s.

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Gerber, T. I. A., E. Hosten, Z. R. Tshentu, et al. "Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Dinuclear Oxorhenium(V) Complexes with Bidentate Imidazole Derivatives." Journal of Coordination Chemistry 56, no. 12 (2003): 1063–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00958970310001596755.

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50

Wan, Li, Xianbao Wang, Shimin Wang, et al. "Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical properties of imidazole derivatives functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes." Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 22, no. 4 (2009): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.1481.

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