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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Imitate'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Hooppell, Catherine Amanda Jane. "Judicious imitation : children differentially imitate deterministically and probabilistically effective actions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42226.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-46).
Three studies look at whether the assumption of causal determinism (the assumption that all else being equal, causes generate effects deterministically) affects children's imitation of modeled actions. We show that, even when the frequency of an effect is matched, both preschoolers and toddlers imitate actions more faithfully when modeled actions are deterministically rather than probabilistically effective. A third study suggests that preschoolers' imitation is affected, not just by whether the agent's goal is satisfied but also by whether the action is a reliable means to the goal. Children's tendency to generate variable responses to probabilistically effective modeled actions could support causal learning.
by Catherine Amanda Jane Hooppell.
S.M.

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2

Rohrbeck, Kristin Leigh. "Accent Cues Credibility: Children Preferentially Imitate and Trust Native-Accented Speakers." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1279235380.

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3

Kleeberger, Victoria. "Teaching a child with autism to imitate in natural contexts using video modeling." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/636.

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Imitation is a core deficit often observed in children diagnosed with autism. Video modeling has been shown to be effective for teaching children with autism a variety of skills, but there is little research demonstrating the effectiveness of this technique with core skills such as imitation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a video modeling intervention to teach a preschool-age child with autism to imitate novel and acquired actions (with and without objects) in natural contexts (i.e., songs and toy play activities). A general case approach was used to examine the instructional universe of common preschool songs in order to select the exemplars that were most likely to facilitate generalization. In addition to video modeling, additive components that included highlighting the critical features of the video examples and prompting/fading were required to demonstrate a functional relationship. Experimental control was evident in a multiple baseline design across three imitation activities. The results are discussed with reference to previous research, future research directions, and implications for practice in educational settings.

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4

Knight, Darren C. "Return on Investment Analysis for Implementing Barriers to Reverse Engineering and Imitation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2633.

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Reverse engineering (extracting information about a product from the product itself) is a competitive strategy for many firms and is often costly to innovators. Recent research has proven metrics for estimating the reverse engineering time and barrier and has shown that products can strategically be made more difficult to reverse engineer, thus protecting the innovator. Reverse engineering, however, is only the first phase of attempting to duplicate a product. Imitating – the process of discovering how to physically reproduce the performance of the reverse engineered product in one or more of its performance areas – is the second and final phase. This thesis presents metrics for the time and barrier to imitating and shows how they can be joined with reverse engineering metrics to estimate a total time and total barrier to duplicate a product. As there is a cost associated with the design of barriers to reverse engineering and in imitating it is important that a return on investment analysis be performed to ensure a profitable endeavor. Details of such an analysis are presented here. To illustrate the methodology, two case studies are presented. The first is an analysis of KithcenAid's Stand Mixer. The second is an analysis of a cantilevered "L-beam" that has been structurally optimized under four conditions to achieve a specified mechanical performance. Additionally, anecdotal solutions to creating barriers to reverse engineering and imitating are discussed throughout.

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5

Schleihauf, Hanna [Verfasser], and Stefanie [Akademischer Betreuer] Höhl. "Why do we imitate nonsense? The underlying motivations of overimitation / Hanna Schleihauf ; Betreuer: Stefanie Höhl." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1177149613/34.

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6

Kourosh, Meshgi. "Particle filter-based tracking to handle persistent and complex occlusions and imitate arbitrary black-box trackers." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202747.

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7

Ingersoll, Brooke Renee. "Teaching children with autism to imitate using a naturalistic treatment approach : effects on imitation, language, play, and social behaviors /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3076342.

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8

Langeloh, Miriam [Verfasser], and Stefanie [Akademischer Betreuer] Hoehl. "Why do infants imitate selectively? Neural correlates of infants’ action understanding in the head-touch paradigm / Miriam Langeloh ; Betreuer: Stefanie Hoehl." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121049003X/34.

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9

Heffernan, Sandra Lois. "Design from artefacts : innovate or imitate : issues of aesthetics, education, collecting, making and marketing in Coats' Needlework Development Scheme, 1934-1962." Thesis, Glasgow School of Art, 2004. http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/4913/.

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10

Ging, Deborah. "Identifying effective components of ABA programs used in the education of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : the role of deferred imitation in children’s ability to imitate from a video Model." Thesis, Ulster University, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.725339.

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11

Rand, Tamara Sue. ""And if Men Might also Imitate her Virtues" An Examination of Goscelin of Saint-Bertin's Hagiographies of the Female Saints of Ely and Their Role in the Creation of Historic Memory." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1365988029.

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12

Masello, John. "imitator." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587553273081749.

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13

Barakat, Firas Risnes. "Simulations of imitative learning." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10108.

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This Master thesis presents simulations within the field of imitative learning. The thesis starts with a review of the work done in my depth study, looking at imitative learning in general. Further, forward and inverse models are studied, and a case study of a Wolpert et al article is done. An architecture using the recurrent neural network with parametric bias (RNNPB) and a PID-controller by Tani et al is presented, and later simulated using MATLAB and the breve simulation environment. It is tested if the RNNPB is suitable for imitative learning. The first experiment was quite successful, and interesting results were discovered. The second experiment was less successful. Generally, it was confirmed that RNNPB is able to reproduce actions, interact with the environment, and indicate situations using the parametric bias (PB). It was also observed that the PB values tend to reflect common characteristics in similar training patterns. A comparison between the forward and inverse model and the RNNPB model was done. The former appears to be more modular and a predictor of consequence of actions, while the latter predicts sequences and is able to represent the situation it is in. The work done to connect MATLAB and breve is also presented.

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14

Reeves, Richard. "Thought imitates life : the case of John Stuart Mill." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59551/.

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In this essay, I relate material in the original published work – John Stuart Mill – Victorian Firebrand (Atlantic Books, 2007) to the claim that the central features of Mill’s thought can be seen more clearly through a biographical lens. The original contribution of the main work lies in the excavation and application of biographical material to the development of Mill’s philosophy. The poor development of Mill’s utilitarianism results in part from a lack of personal investment and aspiration. Mill’s motivation was to atone for earlier, premature assaults on Jeremy Bentham’s philosophy - rather than to develop it further. As a consequence, his mature utilitarianism is hard to integrate with his liberalism, which was where his primary interest lay. Elements of Mill’s liberalism also bear a biographical imprint. The central emphasis on self-creation in Mill’s liberal ethic results, in part, from his own ‘crisis’ and subsequent departure from the rationalist utilitarianism of his father and Bentham. Similarly, Mill’s focus on individuality stemmed in part from a concern to demonstrate he was not, himself, a ‘made man’. Openmindedness became a central liberal virtue, for Mill, following his criticism of Bentham’s (and his father’s) narrowness of thought. Character was also essential to liberty, since only those of strong character could create themselves and express their individuality, rather than succumbing to custom. Mill’s partner and later wife, Harriet Taylor Mill, had an influence on Mill’s thought. The experience of gossip and ostracism, in the years before their marriage, strengthened Mill’s opposition to the ‘despotism of custom’. More substantively, Harriet’s views on socialism, the ballot and feminism clearly influenced Mill’s own treatment. Without Harriet, he would have been a less committed socialist and feminist – and would have remained a supporter of the right to vote in secret.

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15

Jebara, Tony (Tony S. ). 1974. "Discriminative, generative, and imitative learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8323.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-212).
I propose a common framework that combines three different paradigms in machine learning: generative, discriminative and imitative learning. A generative probabilistic distribution is a principled way to model many machine learning and machine perception problems. Therein, one provides domain specific knowledge in terms of structure and parameter priors over the joint space of variables. Bayesian networks and Bayesian statistics provide a rich and flexible language for specifying this knowledge and subsequently refining it with data and observations. The final result is a distribution that is a good generator of novel exemplars. Conversely, discriminative algorithms adjust a possibly non-distributional model to data optimizing for a specific task, such as classification or prediction. This typically leads to superior performance yet compromises the flexibility of generative modeling. I present Maximum Entropy Discrimination (MED) as a framework to combine both discriminative estimation and generative probability densities. Calculations involve distributions over parameters, margins, and priors and are provably and uniquely solvable for the exponential family. Extensions include regression, feature selection, and transduction. SVMs are also naturally subsumed and can be augmented with, for example, feature selection, to obtain substantial improvements. To extend to mixtures of exponential families, I derive a discriminative variant of the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm for latent discriminative learning (or latent MED).
(cont.) While EM and Jensen lower bound log-likelihood, a dual upper bound is made possible via a novel reverse-Jensen inequality. The variational upper bound on latent log-likelihood has the same form as EM bounds, is computable efficiently and is globally guaranteed. It permits powerful discriminative learning with the wide range of contemporary probabilistic mixture models (mixtures of Gaussians, mixtures of multinomials and hidden Markov models). We provide empirical results on standardized data sets that demonstrate the viability of the hybrid discriminative-generative approaches of MED and reverse-Jensen bounds over state of the art discriminative techniques or generative approaches. Subsequently, imitative learning is presented as another variation on generative modeling which also learns from exemplars from an observed data source. However, the distinction is that the generative model is an agent that is interacting in a much more complex surrounding external world. It is not efficient to model the aggregate space in a generative setting. I demonstrate that imitative learning (under appropriate conditions) can be adequately addressed as a discriminative prediction task which outperforms the usual generative approach. This discriminative-imitative learning approach is applied with a generative perceptual system to synthesize a real-time agent that learns to engage in social interactive behavior.
by Tony Jebara.
Ph.D.

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16

Ryu, Charles Young-Chul. "Until history imitates the vision a proposal for theological aesthetics /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

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17

De, Rentiis Dina. "DieZeit der Nachfolge : zur Interdependenz von "imitatio Christi" und "imitatio auctorum" im 12.-16. Jahrhundert /." Tübingen : M. Niemeyer, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37683925k.

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18

Gold, Brian J. "Quantifying expert and impaired imitative learning." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2008. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/22925.

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19

Dumas, Guillaume. "Dynamiques neuronales de l'interaction imitative synchrone." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066484.

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Depuis 2002, une nouvelle technique de neuroimagerie appelée hyperscanning permet d’enregistrer plusieurs participants simultanément et ainsi d’étudier l’interaction sociale dans un contexte réciproque et spontané. Parallèlement, les approches neurodynamique et sensorimotrice ont suggéré d’appréhender l’interaction sociale de manière plus holistique en considérant les deux individus en interaction comme un seul système, et en donnant autant d’importance au comportement qu’à leur activités cérébrales. Cette thèse présente l’étude de paires de participants enregistrés simultanément, lors d’imitations spontanées du mouvement de leurs mains, par un système de double-vidéo combiné à un dispositif d’hyperscanning-EEG. Une analyse comportementale fine de leurs interactions a permis de procéder à une caractérisation neurodynamique des différents aspects de l’interaction, à la fois à l’échelle inter- et intra-individuelle. La première étude a démontré que les épisodes de synchronie interactionnelle étaient accompagnés de l’émergence de synchronisations de phase inter-cerveaux dans plusieurs bandes de fréquences. La seconde étude a montré à l’échelle neurale une différenciation entre l’agentivité attribuée à soi ou à l’autre et a découvert une signature de la co-appropriation de l’action chez les deux partenaires lors des interactions spontanées. La troisième valide les mesures expérimentales par des simulations biophysiques de paires de cerveaux humains. Elle montre également les effets de la connectivité anatomique sur les dynamiques neurales intra-individuelles et sa facilitation du couplage sensorimoteur inter-individuel.

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20

Flabbi, Lorenzo. "Il traduttore di poesia come imitatore." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030148.

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Cette thèse est composée de deux parties : la première (" LES IDEES ") vise à une définition méthodologique pour une critique de la traduction qui tienne compte de la spécificité du texte littéraire dans le domaine de la traductologie. Ainsi la notion d'imitation devient cruciale pour la compréhension du mécanisme qui sous-tend l'acte traductif. La deuxième partie (" LES TEXTES ") est conçue comme un parcours à travers des textes aptes à illustrer différentes étapes du processus imitatif. Jules Laforgue et son imitation de La sera del dì di festa de Giacomo Leopardi, Robert Lowell et ses Imitations (avec un égard particulier pour ses réélaborations de Eugenio Montale), Giorgio Caproni et son Cahier de traductions, véritable atelier d'imitateur, sont les principaux interlocuteurs de ces chapitres fondés sur les réflexions linguistiques et les implications théoriques concernant cette véritable réécriture d'un texte qu'est la traduction de poésie
This thesis is in two parts: the object of the first one (“THE IDEAS”) is a methodological definition for a translation criticism considering the specificity of the literary text in the Translation Studies domain. In this way, the concept of imitation becomes crucial for the comprehension of the mechanics which underlies the translating act. The second part (“THE TEXTS”) is conceived as a journey through texts appropriate to illustrate the different stages of the imitative process. The main characters are Jules Laforgue and his imitation of La sera del dì di festa by Giacomo Leopardi, Robert Lowell and his Imitations, in particular the versions from Eugenio Montale's poems, Giorgio Caproni and his Quaderno di traduzioni, justly considered a real imitator's workshop. These chapters are based on the linguistic and the theoretical implications concerning the production of a truly new text which is the translation of poetry

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21

Grimshaw, Julian Roscoe. "Imitative counterpoint in English music, c.1500-1575." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365451.

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22

Becker, Kenneth Michael. "An analysis of scriptural sources in De imitatione Christi." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683185.

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23

Chaze, Micheline. "L'"Imitatio Dei" dans le Targum et la Aggada /." Paris ; Louvain ; Dudley (Mass.) : Peeters, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40175597w.

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Texte remanié de: Mémoire--Paris--École pratique des hautes études, Section des sciences religieuses, judaïsme talmudique et rabbinique, 1977.
Réimpr. de l'éd. de 1991 parue sous le n° 97 de la coll. "Bibliothèque de l'École pratique des hautes études - Section des sciences religieuses" Bibliogr. p. 182-197.

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24

Paschoal, Stéfano. "Procedimentos e tendências da tradução na Alemanha no século XVII." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8144/tde-13082007-140839/.

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O presente trabalho, intitulado Procedimentos e tendências da tradução na Alemanha no século XVII, demonstra, sobretudo através da análise da tradução da obra Los siete libros de la Diana, de Jorge de Montemayor, escrita originalmente em 1559 e traduzida sob o título de Die sieben Bücher der schönen Diana, por Johann Ludwig von Kuefstein, em 1619, e através de considerações das discussões sobre tradução em cinco Poéticas alemãs escritas no século XVII, que houve uma intensa discussão sobre o tema tradução na Alemanha no século XVII. A discussão sobre tradução está contida em obras (Poéticas) que se dedicam a um programa político e cultural no século XVII: o cultivo da língua, cujo principal intuito era a fundação de um instrumento comum de identificação cultural entre os povos de língua alemã. A necessidade política da fundação de um instrumento comum de identificação cultural na Alemanha no século XVII relaciona-se ao contexto histórico e social deste país, em que se sentiam os prejuízos da Guerra dos Trinta Anos (1618-1648) e da peste, assim como os dissabores do relativo \"atraso\" literário em comparação com outros países da Europa Ocidental. O ideal político-cultural de uma língua e literatura alemã de alcance nacional propiciou aos intelectuais alemães, reunidos em sociedades lingüísticas, que utilizassem a tradução como principal meio de recuperação de obras da Antigüidade e da Renascença. Os procedimentos mais freqüentemente utilizados na tradução e as considerações sobre os mesmos são mostrados nos capítulos III e IV deste trabalho. A tendência da tradução, de que se fala na conclusão deste trabalho, leva em consideração algumas poucas peculiaridades dos séculos XV (Nyklas von Wyle) e XVI (Martinho Lutero e Philipp Melanchton) e breves considerações sobre a concepção de tradução de Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (início do século XIX), pois apenas a partir da análise de tendências anteriores e posteriores é que poderíamos definir mais precisamente a tendência da tradução no século XVII. O demonstrado atinge seu objetivo primeiro: refutar a tese de Friedmar APEL (1983), de que entre Lutero e o Iluminismo teria havido estagnação nas reflexões sobre tradução na Alemanha.
This research - Translation procedures and tendencies in 17th century Germany - demonstrates that there was an intensive discussion about translation in Germany in 17th century. This fact can be demonstrated by the analysis of the translation from Montemayor´s Los siete libros de la Diana, originally written in 1559 in Spanish and translated into German in 1619 by Johann Ludwig von Kuefstein as Die sieben Bücher der schönen Diana, and by the discussions on translation in the Poetics written in 17th century Germany. The Poetics written in Germany in 17th century that contain discussions on translation are part of a political and cultural program: language policy. Its main intention was the foundation of an instrument that would serve as common cultural identification among people who spoke German as mother tongue. The political requirement of establishing a common instrument that should serve as cultural identification in 17th century Germany has reference to the historical and social context of this country, in that one felt the damages of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) and of the pest, as well as of the displeasures due to the relative literary \"delay\", if compared to other lands in Western Europe. The political and cultural ideal of a German language and literature that could expand over all German frontiers allowed the German intellectuals - congregated in linguistic societies - to use translation as the principal mean of re-acquiring Antiquity and Renaissance works. The most frequent procedures in Kuefstein´s translation and their considerations are showed in chapters 3 and 4 of this work. The tendency of translation - about what it is told in the conclusion of this work - takes into account some few peculiarities of the 15th and 16th centuries (Nyklas von Wyle, Martin Luther, Philipp Melanchton) and brief considerations from Johann Wolfgang von Goethe´s conception of translation (beginning of 19th century), because just from the analyses of earlier and later tendencies, it would be possible to describe precisely the tendency of translation in 17th century German. The demonstrated in this research reaches its objective: to refute the thesis of Friedmar APEL (1983), that there has been a stagnation process in the discussions about translation in Germany during the period who comprehends from Martin Luther to the Enciclopedism.

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25

Fanous, S. B. "Biblical and hagiographical imitatio in the book of Margery Kempe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389407.

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26

Mitter, Shomit. "The great imitator : Peter Brook and the director in rehearsal." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259462.

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27

Shafer, Keith. "Ingenium vs. iudicium : Angelo Poliziano, Paolo Cortesi and stylistic imitatio /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3115591.

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28

Huang, Pierre. "Imitative behaviour of global car manufacturers in international expansion activities /." [St. Gallen] : [s.n.], 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016767310&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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29

Håkansson, Niklas. "Färdigheten att efterbilda eller oskicket att härma? : - Om imitatio (efterbildning) respektive imitation (härmning) som undervisnings- och lärandemetoder." Thesis, Umeå University, Department of language studies, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1868.

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Föreliggande examensarbete behandlar det retorikdidaktiska begreppet imitatio som undervisnings- och lärandemetod. Syftet är att undersöka vad imitatio (efterbildning) kan betyda i didaktisk mening, hur det skiljer sig gentemot det svenska begreppet imitation och hur lärare tillika retorikstudenter förhåller sig till det i sin undervisning och i sin kompetensutveckling. Med utgångspunkt i syftet har två metoder använts; telefonintervjuer med fyra lärare som vidareutbildat sig i den retorikdidaktiska kursen Progymnasmata samt en litterturstudie. Telefonintervjuerna bidrar med ett praktiskt didaktiskt underlag från yrkesverksamma didaktiker, och litteraturstudien ligger till grund för undersökningen av imitatios retoriska ursprung och didaktiska relevans samt imitationsbegreppets olika tvärvetenskapliga innebörder. Resultatet visar att imitatio som retorikdidaktiskt begrepp i betydelsen medveten efterbildning har ett begränsat inflytande i samtida didaktisk forskning, trots dess över tvåtusen år långa historia med omfattande tillämpning. Imitation figurerar dock alltjämt i didaktisk forskning, men som en beskrivning av en omedveten och oreflekterad handling i lärandeprocesser. En central slutsats är att imitatiobegreppet har blivit föremål för en begreppsglidning och fått anmärkningsvärt lite utrymme i didaktisk forskning som en alternativ undervisnings- och lärandemetod.

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30

Harrap, David Alexander. "The phenomena of prayer : the reception of the Imitatio Christi in England (1438-c.1600)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24633.

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The Imitatio Christi by Thomas à Kempis (1380-1471) was among the most successful texts of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Over eight hundred manuscripts survive from that period alongside hundreds of printed editions. Its popularity transcended language, nation, religious vocation and ultimately confession. Hitherto, most monographs on the Imitatio have debated the question of its authorship. This thesis joins the growing body of work that examines the features that made this text so attractive. Continuously reshaped by readers and editors, the Imitatio tradition encompasses a corpus of texts with often vastly divergent meanings. This variety emerged, in part, as a result of the text itself, which encouraged its own fragmentation, and in part from the mimetic reading habits that prevailed throughout the period of this study. This thesis takes a longue-durée perspective, situating different versions of the Imitatio within the broader tradition and considering their relationships with one another. It is argued that the Imitatio's success was owed not to the establishment of a characteristic meaning but to a characteristic tradition of use. The text became a source for mimetic, compunctious prayer. The popularity of the Imitatio among sixteenth-century reformers shows the continuing popularity of the rhetorical characteristics of compunctious devotions. This thesis contends that, through the Imitatio, traditional religious practices continued to be important for English reformers. The text provided a focus for developing Protestant identities. For early evangelicals, its traditional formulations helped them conceal their heterodoxy, while its themes of intense devotion to the Holy Spirit allowed them to tacitly engage with reformist doctrine. For Elizabethan Calvinists, Kempis's text was emblematic of the continuity of the true, Apostolic Church, during the era of Papal supremacy.

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31

Daccordi, Laurent Wahl Denis. "Actinomycose thoracique à propos d'une observation clinique imitant une embolie pulmonaire /." [S.l] : [s.n], 2004. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2004_DACCORDI_LAURENT.pdf.

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32

Robertson, Haileigh Elouise. "'Imitable thunder' : the role of gunpowder in seventeenth-century experimental science." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11919/.

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The role of gunpowder as a military propellant has been widely studied. Less well understood, however, is its important role in seventeenth-century experimental science. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) called it ‘imitable thunder’, a designation indicative of its manifestation of nature’s occult powers. In the subsequent promotion of an experimental philosophy grounded on Bacon’s demands for a union of theory and practice, gunpowder appears frequently in experiments, discussions and controversies among Bacon’s followers. This thesis focuses on the transference of gunpowder from the battlefield to the laboratory. The Baconians re-valued and redefined it as an inquisitional material. To get to grips with the complex nature of this transition, the approach taken here fuses intellectual history, materials history, and the reworking of historical experiments. This integration reflects the Baconian call for a union of theorising and experiment. It also highlights how common substances could be reconfigured as scientific materials. Furthermore, this thesis demonstrates the diversity of Baconian endeavours to transfer gunpowder from the battlefield to the laboratory. There was little coherence among putative Baconians. While Bacon and Boyle saw gunpowder as a means to understand and appropriate the occult powers of matter, many fellows of the early Royal Society were more concerned to exploit gunpowder’s explosive energies for more immediate fruits. For them, harnessing the power of gunpowder symbolised the usefulness of natural inquiry and hence a valued role for the nascent Royal Society itself. Thus, locating gunpowder’s role in early modern science illustrates the programmatic, inquisitional, and symbolic roles of an everyday, but hugely powerful material. Moreover, this focus on gunpowder offers further exploration of early modern Baconian cultures of experiment, as well as valuable insights into efforts to implement Bacon’s project. Last but by no means least, gunpowder illustrates the benefits for historians of science of reworking historical processes and experiments.

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Takagi, Anna. "More than flattery: exploring imitative ability in children with autism spectrum disorder." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106576.

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Previous research indicates that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulty imitating the behaviour of others. Within the area of object-directed imitation, the presence or absence of a clear goal or outcome may facilitate or hinder imitative ability. The current study investigated imitation in five children ages 5 to 10 years with ASD. Imitation tasks were adapted from Rogers et al. (2010). Imitation actions were incidental to the goal and classified as functional or nonfunctional: functional actions and objects had a tangible outcome with sensory feedback while nonfunctional actions had no tangible outcome. Information about participants' developmental level, motor ability, language skills, adaptive behaviour, and social functioning were also collected through parent questionnaires. Contrary to previous findings, children in this sample did not imitate functional actions more successfully than non-functional actions. Scatterplots of variables suggested positive relationships between imitation and social functioning, motor skills, developmental level, and language skills. With the exception of one participant, individual case analyses revealed that participants were able to at least partially imitate the majority of the tasks despite generally low developmental and social functioning. Observations are discussed within the context of the existing literature and implications for school and clinical interventions for ASD are also addressed.
Des recherches antérieures indiquent que les enfants atteints du syndrome d'autisme ont des difficultés à imiter le comportement d'autres personnes. Dans le secteur d'imitation avec un objet-dirigé, la présence ou l'absence d'un objectif peut faciliter ou peut freiner la capacité imitatrice. L'étude actuelle a examiné l'imitation au près de cinq enfants atteint d'autisme âgés de 5 à 10 ans. Les tâches d'imitation ont été adaptées de Rogers et d'al. (2010). Les actions d'imitation étaient originales et classifiées comme fonctionnel ou non fonctionnel : les actions et les objets fonctionnels ont eu une issue tangible avec des réactions sensorielles pendant que les actions non fonctionnelles n'ont pas eu d'issues tangibles. Les informations provenant des participants au niveau de leur développement mental, capacité motrice, compétences langagière, comportement adaptif, et leur fonctionnement social a aussi été recueilli par les questionnaires complétés par les parents. Contrairement aux conclusions précédentes, les enfants dans cet échantillon n'ont pas imité des actions fonctionnelles avec plus de succès que les actions non fonctionnelles. L'analyse visuelle des tendances a suggéré des relations positives entre l'imitation et les variables du fonctionnement social, les compétences motrices, les niveaux de développements, et les compétences de langue. Les analyses de cas individuel ont révélé que les participants pouvaient au moins partiellement imiter la majorité des tâches malgré leur bas niveau de fonctionnement développemental et social. Les observations sont discutées dans le contexte de la littérature et dans les implications actuelles pour l'école; les interventions cliniques pour ASD sont aussi adressées.

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Biggs, B. J. H. "A critical edition of the first English translation of the 'Imitatio Christi'." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334910.

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Campbell, Fiona. "Imitative and nonimitative social learning using a two object/two action procedure." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327045.

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Kwon, Soon-Gu. "Christ as example : the imitatio Christi motive in biblical and christian ethics /." Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39144634j.

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Picella, Francesco. "Retarder la transition vers la turbulence en imitant les feuilles de lotus." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0014/document.

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Nombreuses stratégies de contrôle ont été récemment proposées par la communauté scientifique afin depouvoir réduire la traînée dans les écoulements pariétaux. Entre autres, les Surfaces Superhydrophobes (SHS) ontmontré leurs capacités de pouvoir réduire considérablement le frottement pariétal d’un écoulement liquide grâce à laprésence de microbulles de gaz piégées dans les nano-rugosités de la surface. Dans des conditions géométrique etthermodynamique données pour lesquelles la transition de mouillage est évitée (condition pour laquelle normalementla taille des rugosités qui caractérise la SHS est de plusieurs ordres de grandeur plus petite que l'échellecaractéristique de l'écoulement principal), on peut atteindre ce qu’on appelle ‘l'effet Lotus’, pour lequel l'écoulementglisse à la paroi, avec une vitesse différente de zéro.. Dans ce cadre, nous nous sommes proposés d’étudier, à l’aidede simulations numériques l’influence des SHS sur la transition laminaire-turbulent dans un écoulement de canal.Pour cela, nous avons réalisé une série de simulations numériques directes (DNS), allant de l'état laminaire au casturbulent pleinement développé, en traitant la plupart de scénarios de transition connu en littérature. Des analyses destabilité locale et globale ont aussi été réalisées afin de déterminer l’influence de ces surfaces sur la première phasedu processus de transition. Bien que la procédure de déclenchement de la transition contrôlée (type K, H, C,...) soitbien décrite dans la littérature, cela n’est pas le cas pour les transitions naturelles. À cette fin, une nouvelle méthode aété développée pour déclencher puis étudier la transition naturelle dans des écoulements de type canal. Cette méthodeest basée sur des mécanismes de réceptivité de l'écoulement (resolvent global) permettant de construire un forçagevolumique spécifique. Plusieurs approches pour modéliser les SHS ont été utilisées, de complexités croissantes, touten tenant en compte des caractéristiques physiques de ces surfaces. Dans un premier temps, une condition deglissement homogène a été utilisée et son influence analysée. Chaque rugosité a été ensuite discrétisée spatialement,d’abord avec une alternance de condition limite sur une surface plate, ensuite en tenant compte de la dynamique del’interface gaz-liquide par une méthode Lagrangienne-Eulerienne Arbitraire (ALE). Nous avons montré que les SHSpermettent d’efficacement retarder les transitions contrôlées mais qu’en revanche elles ont peu d’influence sur lestransitions naturelles (développant des stries de vitesse). En effet, ce comportement dérive de l'équilibre entre deuxeffets contradictoires. D’un côté, le glissement pariétal nuit au développement des structures cohérentes de typehairpin , en altérant le processus de vortex stretching-tilting . D’autre part, le mouvement de l’interface gaz-liquideinteragit avec les structures cohérentes de l'écoulement, en produisant des vitesses normales à la paroi favorisantdavantage le processus de sweep-ejection et entraînant le développement de structures en forme d’arche. Nous avonsmontré que les interfaces gaz-liquide statiques retardent la transition de façon analogue à une condition aux limiteshomogène (si l’hétérogénéité pariétale est petite). En revanche la prise en compte de leur dynamique limite le retardde la transition, montrant l’importance du modèle de SHS dans les écoulements transitionnels
Many passive control strategies have been recently proposed for reducing drag in wall-bounded shearflows. Among them, underwater SuperHydrophobic Surfaces (SHS) have proven to be capable of dramaticallyreducing the skin friction of a liquid flowing on top of them, due to the presence of gas bubbles trapped within thesurface nano-sculptures. In specific geometrical and thermodynamical conditions for which wetting transition isavoided (in particular, when the roughness elements characterizing the SHS are several orders of magnitude smallerthan the overlying flow), the so-called ’Lotus effect’ is achieved, for which the flow appears to slip on the surfacewith a non zero velocity. In this framework, we propose to study, by means of numerical simulations, the influence ofSHS on laminar-turbulent transition in a channel flow. To do so we have performed a series of direct numericalsimulations (DNS), from the laminar to the fully turbulent state, covering the majority of transition scenarios knownin the literature, as well as local and global stability analysis so to determine the influence of SHS onto the initialstages of the process. While the conditions for observing controlled K-type transition in a temporal channel flow arewell defined, this is not the case for uncontrolled ones. To this end, a novel theoretical numerical framework has beendeveloped so to enable the observation of natural transition in wall-bounded flows. This method, similarly to theFree-Stream-Turbulence framework available for the boundary layer flow, is capable of triggering uncontrolledtransition t hrough flow receptivity to a purpose-built forcing. Different surface modellings for the superhydrophobicsurfaces are tested. First, homogeneous slip conditions are used. Then, the spatial heterogeneity of the SHS has beenconsidered by modelling it as a flat surface with alternating slip no-slip boundary conditions. Finally, the dynamics ofeach microscopic liquid-gas free-surface has been taken into account by means of a fully coupled fluid-structuresolver, using an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation. We show that while SHS are ineffective in controllingtransition in noisy environment , they can strongly delay transition to turbulence for the K-type scenario . Thisbehaviour results from the balance of two opposing effects. On one hand slippery surfaces inhibit the development ofcharacteristic hairpin vortices by altering the vortex stretching-tilting process. On the other hand, the movement ofthe gas-liquid free-surfaces interacts with the overlying coherent structures, producing wall-normal velocities thatenhance the sweep-ejection process, leading to a rapid formation of hairpin-like head vortices. Thus, whenconsidering flat interfaces transition time is strongly increased, while taking into account the interface dynamicsinduces smaller changes with respect to the no-slip case, indicating the need for an appropriate modelling of SHS fortransition delay purposes

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Kühnen, Angela. "Die imitatio Alexandri in der römischen Politik (1. Jh. v.Chr. - 3. Jh. n.Chr.)." Münster Rhema, 2005. http://d-nb.info/988227053/04.

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Kühnen, Angela. "Die imitatio Alexandri in der römischen Politik : (1. Jh. v.Chr. - 3. Jh. n.Chr.) /." Münster : Rhema, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988227053/04.

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Mager, Brigitte. "Imitatio im Wandel : Experiment und Innovation im Werk von Garcilaso de la Vega /." Tübingen : G. Narr Verl, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40184011x.

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Dittrich, Alex D. K. "The ecology of Ribautodelphax imitans (Ribaut.) : a seldom recorded planthopper in the UK." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2016. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/702728/.

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This study is primarily concerned with the ecology of Ribautodelphax imitans (Ribaut.), a seldom recorded, data deficient and rare species of planthopper (Delphacidae: Auchenorrhyncha: Hemiptera) in the UK. Although it dealt with the ecology of this one species, it explored its community, related species and how they respond to habitat, host plants, and each other. Firstly this project looked at the community position of R. imitans over a single season, clarifying its numerical abundance related to other species in its community. The lifecycles of many species could be modelled over the year; delphacids and cicadellids were mostly synchronous within each family. Monitoring the site over the course of several years also highlighted co-abundance patterns with a related planthopper Javesella pellucida (Fab.), which opened up avenues for experiments and comparisons between this species and R. imitans. Host plant associations of R. imitans were investigated, as were the associated host plant networks of the Auchenorrhyncha community. It was determined that R. imitans was monophagous on tall fescue Schedonorus arundinaceus, but the community was dominated by generalist species. It was determined that in this typical grass feeding Auchenorrhyncha community, plant diversity was not the main driver for species richness however it was probably a factor in its stability. As tall fescue was the dominant grass on the study site, Coe Fen, it was determined that structures associated with this grass, tussocks, were important in the Auchenorrhyncha community. Tussocks were investigated using survey and experimental manipulation approaches. Firstly the role of tussocks in grassland appeared to ameliorate the negative effects of declining sward height outside of tussocks - as a result of cutting and grazing - as more insects were found in tussocks surrounded by shorter swards than long. Secondly, there were contrasting responses of different groups to different aspects of tussock structure, it was thought that delphacids prefer denser and more nutrient-rich areas, whereas cicadellids prefer more open and less nutrient-rich areas of sward. These may relate to both their nutritional physiology and their biomechanics. The strong fidelity towards tussocks of its host plant could increase conspecific heterosexual encounters of R. imitans, thus maintaining high local population size and natality. Lastly, interactions between and within species were investigated in a series of lab-based experiments. No effect of conspecific or allospecific density could be attributed to a change in developmental rate. However, there was evidence of host plant shifting in the generalist J. pellucida caused by the presence R. imitans. The combination of host plant specificity, habitat specificity and competitive dominance feed into a model that would explain how rare species, or low-density populations can persist. However without fully understanding the distributions of species, one cannot be fully certain of its real distribution and status. This thesis provides a clear understanding of aspects of the species’ general ecology, thus helping advise on how to collect further national records of this species, unlocking the key to its true status.

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Aguiar, Veronica Aparecida Silveira. "Ancilla Christi, plantula sancti Francisci: o evangelho e a pobreza como forma de vida em Clara de Assis (1212-1253)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-08022017-111334/.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as problemáticas legislativas na Ordem de São Damião durante a vida de Clara de Assis (1193/4-1253). Para isso, foi feita uma análise comparativa da forma de vida de 1253 com as seguintes normas: a forma de vida de Hugolino de 1219, a Regula non bullata de 1221, a Regula bullata de 1223 e a forma de vida de Inocêncio IV de 1247. A forma de viver (do latim forma vivendi; literalmente, a forma que se deve viver) que teria sido dada por Francisco a Clara continha a máxima da altíssima pobreza e observância rigorosa do evangelho que na leitura franciscana proibía toda e qualquer tipo de propriedade. As resistências de Clara e suas coirmãs, através de cartas e pedidos à Igreja para vivenciar a pobreza prometida a Francisco, somavam-se na relutância das comunidades de Sorores minores às imposições dos papas Gregório IX (1227-1241) e Inocêncio IV (1243-1254) à Ordem de São Damião. Esta tese também discutiu o enquadramento dos movimentos femininos religiosos de seguimento franciscano e os impasses jurídicos do projeto da Igreja para o movimento franciscano. Por fim, foi avaliado de maneira serial um conjunto de bulas diretamente relacionados à Ordem de São Damião. As formas de resistência de Clara e irmãs pobres foram fundamentais para a aprovação da forma vitae que foi promulgada três dias antes da morte de Clara em 1253. A partir da análise dos aspectos acima relacionados, o principal intuito deste trabalho foi o de verificar o debate franciscano no âmbito das discussões jurídicas da Igreja e das irmãs pobres da Ordem de São Damião, com ênfase ao mosteiro em que Clara vivia.
The present work aims at evaluating the legislative issues in the Order of San Damiano during the life of Clare of Assisi (1193/4-1253). In order to do so, we carried out a comparative analysis between the form of life of 1253 and the following norms: form of life of Hugolino of 1219, the Regula non bullata of 1221, the Regula bullata of 1223, and the form of life of Innocent IV of 1247. The form of living (in Latin, forma vivendi; literally, the way one should live) which would have been given from Francis to Clare contained the motto \"high poverty\" and the strict observance of the gospel which, in the Franciscan reading, forbade any kind of property. Resistance forms of Clare and her sisters, through letters and claims to the church to experience the poverty promised by Francis, amounted to the reluctance of Sorores minores communities to the impositions of Popes Gregory IX (1227-1241) and Innocent IV (1243-1254 ) to the Order of San Damiano. This thesis also discussed the framing of religious women\'s movement of the franciscan segment and the legal impasses of the Church project to the franciscan movement. Finally, we serially evaluated one set of bulls directly related to the Order of San Damiano. Forms of resistance of Clare and the poor sisters were essential for the approval of the forma vitae, which was enacted three days before Clara\'s death in 1253. Through analysis of the aspects above, the main goal of this thesis will be verifying the debate Franciscan in the context of the judicial discussions of the Church and the poor sisters of the Order of San Damiano, with emphasis to the monastery where Clara lived.

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Aguiar, Veronica Aparecida Silveira. "A construção da norma no movimento franciscano: Regulae e Testamentum nas práticas jurídicas mendicantes (1210-1323)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-08122010-145402/.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução das práticas jurídicas no movimento Franciscano e, para esse fim, partimos da proto-Regra de 1210, Regula non bullata de 1221, da Regula bullata de 1223 e do Testamentum beati Francisci de 1226. Ao estudarmos a construção da norma no movimento da primeira geração menorítica, demonstramos que a pobreza franciscana e a Imitatio Christi, que tem por base as Regras e o Testamento, foram adequados paulatinamente ao modelo jurídico da Igreja da época, ajustando-se ao Corpus Iuris Canonici e ao IV Concílio de Latrão, igualando-se às demais instituições religiosas tradicionais. Para o período de 1230 a 1323, foi imprescindível avaliar a dissidência franciscana dos resistentes a esse ajustamento, a qual influenciou as relações sociais e políticas entre a Igreja e a Ordem. Este trabalho de mestrado também discutiu a institucionalização do movimento Franciscano na época de vida de Francisco de Assis (1182-1226) e as contendas jurídicas em torno dos seus escritos legislativos formuladas posteriormente à sua morte. Para fazer tal análise, avaliamos de maneira serial um conjunto de bulas exegéticas sobre a Regra e o Testamento formuladas por diversos papas. Ademais, os debates internos à Norma gravitaram em torno de dois frades de atuação significativa para a Ordem, a saber, Boaventura de Bagnoregio (1221-1274) que, ao longo de seu generalato (1257-1274), introduziu mudanças institucionais importantes na Ordem e Angelo Clareno (1245-1337), um dos dissidentes do movimento Franciscano, originário da região da Marca de Ancona, lugar de importante produção teórica por parte de uma série de frades. A partir da análise dos aspectos acima relacionados, o principal intuito deste trabalho será aquele de verificar a evolução do conceito de pobreza franciscana no âmbito das discussões jurídicas da Igreja e da Ordem dos Frades Menores.
The present work aims at evaluating the evolution of the judicial practices in the Franciscan movement and, to do so, we departed from the proto-Rule of 1210, the Regula non bullata of 1221, the Regula bullata de 1223 and from the Testamentum beati Francisci of 1226. By studying the construction of the norm in the first minorite generation, we demonstrated that the Franciscan poverty and the Imitatio Christi, which have the Rules and the Testament as their base, were adapted to the judicial model of that time, gradually adjusting itself to the Corpus Iuris Canonici and to the IV Lateran council, equalizing itself to the traditional religious institutions. The period from 1230 to 1323 was crucial for the research because we evaluated the Franciscan dissidence of the resistants to this adjustment, which influenced the political and social relations between the Church and the Order. This Masters dissertation also discussed the institutionalization of the Franciscan Movement during Francis of Assisis life and the judicial dissents about his legal writings formulated after his death. In order to analyze this, we carried out a serial evaluation a set of exegetic bulls about the Rule and the Testament formulated by several popes. Moreover, the internal debates to the Norm gravitated around two friars who had significant roles to the Order: Bonaventure of Bagnoregio (1221-1274) who, along his generalate (1257- 1274), introduced important institutional changes in the Order and Angelo Clareno (1245-1337), one of the dissidents from the Franciscan movement, who comes from the region of Marca of Ancona, a place of important theoretical production by several friars. By analyzing the aspects above, the main goal of this dissertation will be verifying the evolution of the concept of the Franciscan poverty in the context of the judicial discussions of the Church and the Minor Friars Orders.

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Silva, Martha Francisca Maldonado Baena da. "A comédia clássica de Sá de Miranda e o diálogo intertextual com seus paradigmas literários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8150/tde-25032007-111247/.

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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo examinar o método de composição das comédias de Sá de Miranda e a maneira como o autor utilizou o processo de recriação poética denominado imitatio para promover o diálogo intertextual com seus paradigmas. Trata-se aqui de analisar intertextualmente textos gerados dentro de um contexto histórico-literário específico, em que o imitar era a regra. O autor tem como primeira intenção ao compor esse tipo de obra inserir-se numa tradição poética que aceita e pressupõe a alusão a textos precedentes, ou seja, uma tradição poética autônoma, em que as relações intertextuais se dão de maneira consciente e técnica e a obra de imitação resulta da reelaboração criativa de modelos. O primeiro capítulo vem situar a obra cômica mirandina no contexto histórico-cultural em que foi gerada. O segundo capítulo trata de imitatio e intertextualidade, estabelecendo terminologia e métodos para a análise intertextual, especificamente, de obras que têm a apropiação intencional de textos como princípio de criação literária. O terceiro capítulo apresenta um breve histórico do teatro latino, das origens até o surgimento da fabula palliata, adaptação latina da Comédia Nova Grega, que foi o modelo de comédia imitado pelos poetas renascentistas italianos, cujas obras se tornaram também paradigmas para o poeta português. O último capítulo é dedicado à análise intertextual das comédias de Sá de Miranda.
The objective of this dissertation is to examine the method of composition of Sá de Miranda?s comedies and the way the author made use of the poetic recreation process denominated imitatio to promote the intertextual dialogue with their paradigms. It concerns to the intertextual analysis of texts produced within a specific historical and literary context in which imitating was the rule. The author who composes literary works under this rule has as his first intention to get into a poetic tradition which accepts and presupposes the alusion to preceding texts, i. e., an autonomous poetic tradition in which the intertextual relations take place in a conscious and technical manner and the work of imitation results of the creative re-elaboration of the patterns. The first chapter comes to situate Sá de Miranda?s comic work in the historical and cultural context in which it was generated. The second chapter deals with imitatio and intertextuality, establishing terminology and methodology for intertextual analysis of specifically literary works which have the intentional appropriation of texts as literary creation principle. The third chapter presents a brief history of the Roman theater, from its origins up to the arising of the fabula palliata, the Roman adaptation of the Greek New Comedy, which was the model of comedy imitated by the Italian poets of the Renaissance, whose works became paradigms to the Portuguese poet too. The last chapter is dedicated to the intertextual analysis of Sá de Miranda?s Comedy.

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Snyder, Emily Katherine. "A Comparison of Single Word Identification, Connected Speech Samples, and Imitated Sentence Tasks for Assessment of Children with a SSD." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/362.

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Speech-language pathologists are constantly trying to use the most efficient and effective assessments to obtain information about the phonetic inventory, speech sound errors, and phonological error patterns of children who are suspected of having a speech sound disorder. These assessments may involve a standardized measure of single words and/or sentences and a non standardized measure, such as a spontaneous speech sample. While research has shown both of these types of assessments to give clinicians information about a child's speech production abilities, the use of delayed imitation tasks, either words or sentences, has not been a widely studied topic and has produced conflicting results when researched. The purpose of the present study was to examine speech sound production abilities in children with a speech sound disorder in a single-word task, an imitated sentence task, and spontaneous speech sample to compare their results of speech sound errors, phonological error patterns, and time administration. The study used the Phonological and Articulatory Bilingual Assessment - English version (PABA-E, Gildersleeve-Neumann , 2008), a formal assessment for identifying children who may have a speech sound disorder. Three male children, between the ages of 4;0 and 5;4 (years;months), participated in this study. All participants were being treated by a speech-language pathologist for a diagnosed speech sound disorder and had hearing within normal limits. The results of the study showed that the majority of participants produced the highest number of speech sounds targeted within the imitated sentence task. Participants attempted and produced the least amount of speech sounds on their spontaneous speech sample. The assessment with the highest percentage of accurately produced consonants was the imitated sentence task. The majority of participants produced a higher number of error patterns in their single-word and imitated sentence task. In terms of efficiency and effectiveness, the imitated sentence task took the least amount of time to administer and transcribe.

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Brodin, Andreas. "Kreativitet : En studie av matematikuppgifterna i PISA 2003." Thesis, Umeå University, Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-23632.

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Forskning har visat att uppgifter i prov inverkar på vad elever lär sig genom deras förväntningar på vad testet ska innehålla (Virta, 2004). Boesen (2006b) konstaterar att uppgifter i nationella prov påverkar lärares undervisning vilket indirekt också bör inverka på vad elever lär sig. Lithner (2008) menar att det finns risk att en elev som använder ett imitativt resonemang i alltför hög grad vid lösning av matematikuppgifter får sämre matematikkunskaper. Genom att som lärare förse eleven med uppgifter som kräver ett kreativt resonemang, i vilka det inte är möjligt för eleven att använda ett imitativt resonemang, bör en sådan utveckling hindras. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att med ett klassificeringsverktyg tidigare använt av bland andra Boesen, Lithner och Palm (2005) och Bergqvist (2007) undersöka alla 85 matematikuppgifter i PISA 2003 med avseende på vilken grad av matematiskt kreativt resonemang som krävs för att lösa dem. Klassificeringen av uppgifterna visar att endast 9% är möjliga att lösa med ett imitativt resonemang medan resten av uppgifterna kräver ett kreativt resonemang. Några egenskaper typiska för uppgifterna i PISA jämfört med uppgifter i läroboken Matte Direkt har också noterats. Dessa egenskaper har även omformulerats till konkreta tips riktade till lärare vilka önskar konstruera uppgifter som kräver ett matematiskt kreativt resonemang.

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47

Hong, Sara. "Moving Imitation: Performing Piety in Early Modern English Literature." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/644.

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Thesis advisor: Mary T. Crane
Using the rich concept of imitatio as an organizing theme, this study explores the tangibility of faith and a privileging of an affective, embodied religious subjectivity in post-Reformation England. Moving Imitation asserts that literary and devotional concepts of imitatio--as the Humanist activity of translation and as imitatio Christi--were intensely interested in semiotics. Indeed, if the Renaissance was a period in which literary imitatio flourished, advancements in translation theory were not unaccompanied by anxieties--in this case, anxieties about the stability of language itself. Likewise, as iconophilia turned into iconophobia, a similar anxiety about the reliability of signs also characterized the turmoil of the English Reformation. Moving Imitation examines the overlapping qualities of both types of imitatio in order to point out how an important devotional aesthetic in the period involves a type of embodied imitation. The human body's resonance with the humanity of Christ and the pre-Cartesian worldview that saw the human body as fully engaged with what we consider to be more cognitive functions contributed to a privileging of the body as an acceptable sign of true devotion. Beginning with Sir Thomas Wyatt's paraphrase of the traditional penitential psalms, Moving Imitation explores the translation of penitence in Wyatt's work, and argues that a focus on David's outward gestures and body lends a firmness to a work that is otherwise anxious about the mutable nature of human words. Chapter two examines the suffering bodies in John Foxe's Acts and Monuments and their enactment of a visible imitatio Christi. Terms such as "members" function in its corporeal and communal senses in Acts and Monuments, for the marks of one's membership in the "true church" are born, literally, on one's members. Although much of Foxe's argumentation includes polemical disputes that seek to shut out a copia of meanings to the words, "This is my body," Foxe as an editor exploits the polysemous nature of the body in its corporeal and communal sensibilities. The performative aspects of martyrdom pave the way to a discussion of what I call transformative imitatio in William Shakespeare's Hamlet and The Winter's Tale. Although the theater's ability to "body forth" its fiction is a source of anxiety for antitheatricalists, proponents of the stage saw it as a way to defend the theater. Moving Imitation notes that the characterization of the stage's dangers--the ability to move people's affections--articulates an important Reformist desire: that the individual subject should not only be affected, but also be galvanized into devotional imitation. Such interest in action becomes important in Hamlet; if the central dilemma of the play (Hamlet's inability to take action) is considered against a common religious dilemma (how one stirs oneself towards genuine worship) the solutions as well as the problems overlap. Through the statue scene of The Winter's Tale, Shakespeare defuses the danger attributed to the stage by animating a potentially idolatrous image with life; in ways that were only hinted at in Hamlet, The Winter's Tale makes use of the lively bodies onstage to suggest that the presumed connection between idolatry and the imitative stage is an unwarranted one, and "to see... life as lively mocked" can help to perform redemption
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: English

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48

Acaralp, Fatma, and Felicia Sörman. "Textanalys av matematikläromedel : Utifrån kreativa och imitativa resonemang i årskurs 1–3." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-434245.

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Enligt den aktuella läroplanen som trädde i kraft 2011, ska undervisningen i matematik skapa förutsättningar för eleverna att använda sig av flera matematiska resonemang. Enligt Lithner (2008, ss. 255–276) finns det två grundläggande resonemang i matematik, kreativt och imitativt. Ett kreativt resonemang är sådant som efterfrågas när eleven stöter på en ny uppgift som kräver ett nytt tänkande. Motsatsen till kreativt resonemang är imitativt resonemang, som betyder att eleven har stött på uppgiften tidigare och använder sig av ett välbekant tänkande. Det var utifrån dessa resonemang sex olika matematikläromedlen för årskurs 1–3 analyserades. Analysen genomfördes för att kunna urskilja vilka uppgifter som kräver imitativt respektive kreativt resonemang samt åskådliggöra om någon progression av kreativa uppgifter finns i Favorit matematikserien. Med progressionen menas en successiv ökning av kreativa uppgifter i serien. Hädanefter i texten kommer vi att referera uppgifterna som kreativa och imitativa fastän det är uppgifterna som efterfrågar dessa resonemang. Metoden som användes var textanalys utifrån Lithners definition av resonemangen men med vissa avgränsningar som exempelvis att elevens förkunskaper och förutsättningar inte togs i beaktande. Detta på grund av att analysen skulle ge en generell bild av matematikläromedlens innehåll. Det var ett kapitel (se urval s. 16) i de sex matematikläromedlen som analyserades, där enbart kapitel fyra avgjorde avgränsningarna för förkunskaper. Det innebar att en uppgift räknades som kreativ om den inte förekommit tidigare i kapitlet (se figur 4). Van den Hams och Heinze (2018, ss. 133–140) undersökning bekräftar att matematikläromedel är en stor del av matematikundervisningen. De understryker även att elevernas resultat gynnas i användandet av matematikläromedel (van den Ham & 2018, ss. 133–140). Läromedlet analyserades utifrån ett kapitel där en uppgift räknades som kreativ om den inte förekommit tidigare i kapitlet. Resultaten av vår undersökning påvisar bland annat att majoriteten av uppgifterna i de aktuella läromedlen är imitativa. Medelvärdet av kreativa uppgifter i de undersökta materialen visar att 1,36/10 uppgifter är kreativa och resterande imitativa. Vårt undersökningsresultat liknar Jäders resultat (2015, ss. 1–75) där han redovisar att cirka 1/10 uppgifter i undersökt material är kreativa. Någon progression av andel kreativa kunde inte identifieras i och med att uppgifterna inte successivt ökade i Favorit matematikserien. Redovisat resultat kan komma att vara användbart för lärare i valet av matematikläromedel, eftersom det ger en inblick i hur läromedlen är strukturerade, vilket kan vara praktiskt i planering av lektioner.

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49

Rodriguez, Robin Harwell. "Acoustic and Perceptual Comparisons of Imitative Prosody in Kindergartners with and without Speech Disorders." Scholar Commons, 1998. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000002.

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50

Santangelo, Enrico. "Reading and Writing, Writing through Reading : A study on Imitatio in Petrarch and Boccaccio." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504808.

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This doctoral thesis may be read in two different ways: on the one hand it aims at breaking the ground on Petrarch's and Boccaccio's reading of certain authors such as Dante, Homer and other Classics, through a systematic search for borrowings and interdiscursive themes often proving to be real intertexts (never investigated as such before), consciously or unconsciously exploited in several works ofPetrarch (Latin poetic and prose letters, BllColicll11l carmen, De vita solitaria, Trillinphi, RVF), and Boccaccio (Decameron, some early works. of the Neapolitan period, Genea/ogie deOrll11l gentili1l11l). On the other hand, I hope this work will prove to be of some use for a better understanding of the main literary techniques of imitatio in the Italian Trecento as a whole. Besides a micro-diachronic structure, consisting of Petrarch, Boccaccio and those authors who have been more frequently used by them, I also tried to shape my research on a macro-diachronic structure, intended to show under which circumstances (cultural, social, literary, psychological) Petrarch's and Boccaccio's prose and poetry witnessed a change in the imitative technique applied to the models, namely Dante for Petrarch and the Classics for Boccaccio. Whilst Petrarch developed a competitive approach to his model, starting from absorption and sharing of style and values and ending with emulation superseding that style and those values in the pursuit of poetic fame; Boccaccio, eminently concentrating on literary imitation, in the end overcame his earlier juxtapositional technique in favour of a complete and mature ars contaminandi. This changing attitude of the two authors has been documented through the analysis of a limited number of works of Petrarch and Boccaccio, showing to what extent their readings influenced their writings through the contrivance of two personal techniques of imitatio; emu/atio and ars contaminandi. Through a comparative reading of the texts, I conduct an intertextual (and interdiscursive) analysis of themes, vocabulary and style of the quoted passages, systematically pointing out and explaining all significant references to classical and medieval authors.

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